Mtsinje waukulu wa Uzen
Wamtsinje Wam'ng'ono wa Karaman
Mtsinje wa Tersa (Tersyanka)
Mtsinje waung'ono wa Irgiz
Mtsinje waukulu wa Karaman
Mali Uzen Mtsinje
Mitsinje ya Karamysh ndi Latryk
Mtsinje waukulu wa Irgiz
Mtsinje wa Chardym ndi Mtsinje wa Sokurka
Mtsinje wa Tersa (yamtundu wa The Bear)
Hedgehog (lat.Hemiechinus auritus)
Ma hedgehogs ataliatali - nyama ndizosangalatsa maonekedwe komanso moyo wawo, amadzuka ndi usiku
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Chithunzi owerenga (0)
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Pitani Pamodzi (2)
Hdgehog wautali wautali, kapena hedgehog (lat. Hemiechinus auritus) - mtundu wa nyama zoyamwitsa za genus eared hedgehogs. Hedgehog yamatanda imasiyana ndi hedgehog wamba, choyambirira, ndi makutu autali opitilira (kupitirira 4-5 masentimita) - ngati mutapinda khutu lanu patsogolo, imapita kupitirira maso, ilibe kugawana pamutu - singano imaphimba mutu kwathunthu. Komanso, mosiyana ndi mnzake waku Europe, hedgehog wautali wautali ali ndi singano yocheperako (yoposa 3 masentimita) omwe amangophimba kumbuyo kokha (kwa hedgehog wamba, mbali zake ndizophimbidwa ndi singano, ndipo singano zomwe zimakhala zazitali komanso zokulirapo). Mimba, mbali, mapewa ndi m'chiuno cha hedgehog yokutidwa ndi utoto wofewa woyera kapena wa imvi. Hedgehog ya eyred heggehog yalembedwa mu Red Book of the Saratov Region. Njira zoyenera ndizophatikiza kusungidwa kwa malo okhala ma hedgehog, kuletsa kukonzanso kwa mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito tizirombo toononga tizirombo touluka.
Hedgehog wamaso akulu ndi wotsika kuposa wamba komanso wamkulu: ali wocheperako ngati m'bale wake. Amuna amalemera osaposa 0,4 kg, zazikazi 0,2-0.3 kg. Kutalika kwa nyama yowotchera ndi masentimita 12 mpaka 23. Utoto wa singano umasiyana kuchokera ku udzu wowala mpaka wakuda-wakuda ndi wakuda, koma nthawi yayitali amakhala wopepuka, wopaka utoto wakuda ndi woyera. Mutu wakuyimira urchin waimidweyu ndiwowoneka bwino, wowoneka bwino, mphuno ndiwowoneka, mphuno yake ndi yakuda, komanso ndevu zazitali. Miyendo yake ndi yayitali kuposa ma hedgehogs ena, omwe amamulola kuti azithamanga bwino - pachiwopsezo, hedgehog ya eyred nthawi zambiri amathawa, osaterera. Pali zala zisanu pamiyendo ndi zala lakuthwa. Muli mano okwana 36 mkamwa, koma atha kulowa ukalamba.
Kudera la Saratov, malo okhala hedgehog zachilengedwe ndi malo otseguka - zipululu, zipululu, malo owuma. Zigwa zowuma, mitsinje, malamba, nkhalango zosiyidwa, malo okuthirira, malo okhala ndi madzi, madamu, kuzungulira nyumba za anthu. Mu mzere wopondera, wowotcha wa hedgehog amateteza malo okhala ndi udzu wandiweyani komanso malo olimapo.
Imapezeka m'dera la m'derali m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya Volga, m'malire a mitsinje ya Bolshoi Irgizi, Maliy Irgiz, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya Blue Mountain.
Nyama izi ndizosowa. Zakudya zawo zimakhala ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, nkhono, mbozi, mbewa, abuluzi, njoka, makoswe, achule. Nthawi zina, amaphulitsa zisa za mbalame ndi kudya mazira kapena anapiye. Ma Hedgehogs samasamala kuti azidzichitira okha zakudya zoperekedwa ndi anthu - makamaka otsalira a chakudya chomwe adachokera ku nsomba. Osakana zakudya zamasamba.
Komabe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti kuphatikiza kwamphamvu kwa nyamazo ndi kwakanthawi. Pambuyo povutikira, opangawo amatha kufooka ndikuyamba kudya kwambiri. Munthawi imeneyi, amadya pafupifupi chilichonse, ngakhale makoswe akufa (achisanu), zophukira za pansi, ndi mphutsi za tizilombo. Ngakhale zipatso za chaka chatha ndi mizu ya mtengo zingakhale chakudya chawo. Pafupi ndi chilimwe, zakudya za hedgehogs zikukula kwambiri: mazira, anapiye, ma invertebrates, etc. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira, ma hedgehogs samasankha kudzichitira okha zipatso, zipatso kapena mbewu.
Koma ngati palibe chakudya pafupi, makutu amaso sakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri: amatha popanda chakudya ndi madzi kwa milungu 10. Mwamwayi, izi zimachitika kawirikawiri ndipo mwa kugwa kwa hedgehogs zimatha kudziunjikira mafuta okwanira.
Ma hedgehogs ataliatali ndi nyama yosangalatsa maonekedwe komanso moyo wawo. Amadziwika kuti amakhala ndi moyo wamadzulo komanso usiku, akupita kukasaka ndendende nthawi ino. Amakhala ndi fungo labwino komanso kumva, koma mawonekedwe awo ndi osafunikira, chifukwa chake amapeza chakudya ndi fungo kapena mawu.
Adani achilengedwe azidole zazitali amatenga nkhandwe, mbalame za nyama, mimbulu, agalu ndi agalu osokera. Komabe, sizingayambitse vuto lililonse ku mtunduwu.
Miyendo yayitali imalola hedgehog kukhala ndi liwiro kuthamanga kuposa hedgehog wamba. Ngati mungamugwire ndikumupweteka, ndiye kuti amasintha kukhala mpira, koma nthawi zambiri amangowerama mutu wake, kumamveka ndikuyang'ana kupukusa mdaniyo, kenako ndikuthawa.
Pazinyumba, khola la hedgehog limakumba dzenje (nthawi zina limafikira mita imodzi ndi theka), lomwe limatha ndi chipinda chochezera kapena limagwiritsa ntchito zingwe za agologolo pansi, zimbudzi ndi nyama zina zomwe zikutunga. Masana, amatha kukhala m'malo osakhalitsa - mapando a dothi, pansi pa mitengo kapena pansi pa tchire.
Mbawala ya hedgehog ndiyosungulumwa, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito kusungulumwa kwake chifukwa chongobala. Nthawi yakukhwima imayamba mu nthawi ya masika, atangodzuka kumene kuchokera ku hibernation.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ngati hedgehog wachikondi akakhala ndi chikondi, zimapangitsa kuti mawu ake akhale ofanana kwambiri ndi kuyimba! Mwa njira, hedgehogs imatha kupanga phokoso labwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, hedgehog waku West Africa amatha kufuula, mawu ake ali pafupifupi osadziwika kuchokera ku mawu a mwana. Ndipo amalira akakhala ndi mantha akulu ndi china chake ndikupempha thandizo!
Chapakati pa Epulo, nthambo zaiyezi zoyambira zimayamba nyengo yakukhwima. Nthawi yomweyo, chibwenzi chawo sichikhala chofatsa komanso chokhudza mtima. M'malo mwake, amakhala ngati msonkhano wa omenyera awiri: amuna akamazungulira achikazi, akuwonetsa kuti akufunika kubereka, ndipo akazi "amawalipiritsa" chifukwa chakulimbikira kwawo ndikumenya mbama. Mayiyo, kwakanthawi kochepa, amalola woyendetsa ndege wodwala kwambiri kuti abwere kwa iye ndipo nthawi yomweyo amamuthamangitsa kuti awonjezere dzenje kapena kuti apangireko lina la ana amtsogolo. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi mwezi ndi theka, nthawi zambiri 5-8 ndi hedgehogs akhungu ndi amaliseche amabadwa. Amadya mkaka wa mayi wawo kwa mwezi wopitilira, kenako nkudzipeza yekha. Ali ndi zaka 50, hedgehogs achinyamata amayamba moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Akazi amatha kutha msinkhu pa miyezi 11-12, amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka ziwiri. Pofika nthawi yophukira, hedgehogs imadziunjikira mafuta ndipo kumapeto kwa Okutobala - Novembala koyambirira kumagwera mu hibernation, kumene imatuluka mu Marichi - Epulo.
Ma hedgehogs okhala ndi moyo kuyambira zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Hedgehog yamaso akulu ndi mitundu yocheperako, koma mtundu wake ndi wokhazikika, ndipo chiwerengerocho sichimasinthasintha. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zomwe zapangitsa kuti achepetsa chiwopsezo cha madera ozungulira ndi kulima kwakutali kwa malo achitetezo ndi kusokonezeka kwina kwa malo anthropogenic.
Zithunzi za owerenga omwe akuyendera malowa
Ngati mwakhala ndikupuma m'malo awa, gawani zomwe mukuwona ndi zithunzi ndi owerenga ena.
Mutha kufufuta zithunzi zanu muakaunti yanu pa tabu - zithunzi.
Lowani nawo dzina lanu lolowera chonde
Ndemanga kuchokera kwa owerenga omwe akubwera pamalo awa
Gawani malingaliro anu ndi owerenga ena.
Ndemanga zonse zomwe zatsala zitha kuwonedwa mu Bukhu Lounikira
Lowani nawo dzina lanu lolowera chonde
kapena lembani dzina (zilembo zokha, zilembo zoposa 3):
Tiyeni tizipumula limodzi
Ngati mupita kukapuma m'malo amenewa kuti muphe bowa kapena kuwedza kapena kungotchingira dzuwa, ndiye kuti muitanire anthu omwe ali ndi malingaliro amtunduwu ku kampani yanu, ndizosangalatsa kupuma limodzi.
Malonda onse omwe atumizidwa akhoza kuwonedwa mu Travel Book
Pavel Sokolov - 03/21/2018
Apyash Woyamba
Ndani amadziwa komwe kuli bwino kupita kumayambiriro kwamasika?
Nkhani Za TS - 03/04/2018
White Cupid (lat.Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Apa mutha kukonzekera ulendo wophatikizira usodzi, kudzitamandira nsomba.
Zopatsa zina:
Mtsinje waukulu wa Uzen
Wamtsinje Wam'ng'ono wa Karaman
Mtsinje wa Tersa (Tersyanka)
Mtsinje waung'ono wa Irgiz
Mtsinje waukulu wa Karaman
Mali Uzen Mtsinje
Mitsinje ya Karamysh ndi Latryk
Mtsinje waukulu wa Irgiz
Mtsinje wa Chardym ndi Mtsinje wa Sokurka
Mtsinje wa Tersa (yamtundu wa The Bear)
Hedgehog (lat.Hemiechinus auritus)
Nyama za mdera la Saratov
Hdgehog wautali wautali, kapena hedgehog (lat. Hemiechinus auritus) - mtundu wa nyama zoyamwitsa za genus eared hedgehogs. Hedgehog yamatanda imasiyana ndi hedgehog wamba, choyambirira, ndi makutu autali opitilira (kupitirira 4-5 masentimita) - ngati mutapinda khutu lanu patsogolo, imapita kupitirira maso, ilibe kugawana pamutu - singano imaphimba mutu kwathunthu. Komanso, mosiyana ndi mnzake waku Europe, hedgehog wautali wautali ali ndi singano yocheperako (yoposa 3 masentimita) omwe amangophimba kumbuyo kokha (kwa hedgehog wamba, mbali zake ndizophimbidwa ndi singano, ndipo singano zomwe zimakhala zazitali komanso zokulirapo). Mimba, mbali, mapewa ndi m'chiuno cha hedgehog yokutidwa ndi utoto wofewa woyera kapena wa imvi. Hedgehog ya eyred heggehog yalembedwa mu Red Book of the Saratov Region. Njira zoyenera ndizophatikiza kusungidwa kwa malo okhala ma hedgehog, kuletsa kukonzanso kwa mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito tizirombo toononga tizirombo touluka.
Hedgehog wamaso akulu ndi wotsika kuposa wamba komanso wamkulu: ali wocheperako ngati m'bale wake. Amuna amalemera osaposa 0,4 kg, zazikazi 0,2-0.3 kg. Kutalika kwa nyama yowotchera ndi masentimita 12 mpaka 23. Utoto wa singano umasiyana kuchokera ku udzu wowala mpaka wakuda-wakuda ndi wakuda, koma nthawi yayitali amakhala wopepuka, wopaka utoto wakuda ndi woyera. Mutu wakuyimira urchin waimidweyu ndiwowoneka bwino, wowoneka bwino, mphuno ndiwowoneka, mphuno yake ndi yakuda, komanso ndevu zazitali. Miyendo yake ndi yayitali kuposa ma hedgehogs ena, omwe amamulola kuti azithamanga bwino - pachiwopsezo, hedgehog ya eyred nthawi zambiri amathawa, osaterera. Pali zala zisanu pamiyendo ndi zala lakuthwa. Muli mano okwana 36 mkamwa, koma atha kulowa ukalamba.
Kudera la Saratov, malo okhala hedgehog zachilengedwe ndi malo otseguka - zipululu, zipululu, malo owuma. Zigwa zowuma, mitsinje, malamba, nkhalango zosiyidwa, malo okuthirira, malo okhala ndi madzi, madamu, kuzungulira nyumba za anthu. Mu mzere wopondera, wowotcha wa hedgehog amateteza malo okhala ndi udzu wandiweyani komanso malo olimapo.
Imapezeka m'dera la m'derali m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya Volga, m'malire a mitsinje ya Bolshoi Irgizi, Maliy Irgiz, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya Blue Mountain.
Nyama izi ndizosowa. Zakudya zawo zimakhala ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, nkhono, mbozi, mbewa, abuluzi, njoka, makoswe, achule. Nthawi zina, amaphulitsa zisa za mbalame ndi kudya mazira kapena anapiye. Ma Hedgehogs samasamala kuti azidzichitira okha zakudya zoperekedwa ndi anthu - makamaka otsalira a chakudya chomwe adachokera ku nsomba. Osakana zakudya zamasamba.
Komabe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti kuphatikiza kwamphamvu kwa nyamazo ndi kwakanthawi. Pambuyo povutikira, opangawo amatha kufooka ndikuyamba kudya kwambiri. Munthawi imeneyi, amadya pafupifupi chilichonse, ngakhale makoswe akufa (achisanu), zophukira za pansi, ndi mphutsi za tizilombo. Ngakhale zipatso za chaka chatha ndi mizu ya mtengo zingakhale chakudya chawo. Pafupi ndi chilimwe, zakudya za hedgehogs zikukula kwambiri: mazira, anapiye, ma invertebrates, etc. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira, ma hedgehogs samasankha kudzichitira okha zipatso, zipatso kapena mbewu.
Koma ngati palibe chakudya pafupi, makutu amaso sakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri: amatha popanda chakudya ndi madzi kwa milungu 10. Mwamwayi, izi zimachitika kawirikawiri ndipo mwa kugwa kwa hedgehogs zimatha kudziunjikira mafuta okwanira.
Ma hedgehogs ataliatali ndi nyama yosangalatsa maonekedwe komanso moyo wawo. Amadziwika kuti amakhala ndi moyo wamadzulo komanso usiku, akupita kukasaka ndendende nthawi ino. Amakhala ndi fungo labwino komanso kumva, koma mawonekedwe awo ndi osafunikira, chifukwa chake amapeza chakudya ndi fungo kapena mawu.
Adani achilengedwe azidole zazitali amatenga nkhandwe, mbalame za nyama, mimbulu, agalu ndi agalu osokera. Komabe, sizingayambitse vuto lililonse ku mtunduwu.
Miyendo yayitali imalola hedgehog kukhala ndi liwiro kuthamanga kuposa hedgehog wamba. Ngati mungamugwire ndikumupweteka, ndiye kuti amasintha kukhala mpira, koma nthawi zambiri amangowerama mutu wake, kumamveka ndikuyang'ana kupukusa mdaniyo, kenako ndikuthawa.
Pazinyumba, khola la hedgehog limakumba dzenje (nthawi zina limafikira mita imodzi ndi theka), lomwe limatha ndi chipinda chochezera kapena limagwiritsa ntchito zingwe za agologolo pansi, zimbudzi ndi nyama zina zomwe zikutunga. Masana, amatha kukhala m'malo osakhalitsa - mapando a dothi, pansi pa mitengo kapena pansi pa tchire.
Mbawala ya hedgehog ndiyosungulumwa, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito kusungulumwa kwake chifukwa chongobala. Nthawi yakukhwima imayamba mu nthawi ya masika, atangodzuka kumene kuchokera ku hibernation.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ngati hedgehog wachikondi akakhala ndi chikondi, zimapangitsa kuti mawu ake akhale ofanana kwambiri ndi kuyimba! Mwa njira, hedgehogs imatha kupanga phokoso labwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, hedgehog waku West Africa amatha kufuula, mawu ake ali pafupifupi osadziwika kuchokera ku mawu a mwana. Ndipo amalira akakhala ndi mantha akulu ndi china chake ndikupempha thandizo!
Pakati pa Epulo, nsapato zaiyezi zoyambira zimayamba nyengo yakukhwima. Nthawi yomweyo, chibwenzi chawo sichikhala chofatsa komanso chokhudza mtima. M'malo mwake, amafanana ndi kukumana kwa oyimbirana nawo awiri: abambo amazungulira azimayi, ndikuwonetsa kuti akufunika kubereka, ndipo akazi "amawalipiritsa" chifukwa chakulimbikira kwawo ndikumenya mbama. Mayiyo, kwakanthawi kochepa, amalola woyendetsa ndege wodwala kwambiri kuti abwere kwa iye ndipo nthawi yomweyo amamuthamangitsa kuti awonjezere bowo kapena kuti apangireko lina la ana amtsogolo. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi mwezi ndi theka, nthawi zambiri 5-8 ndi hedgehogs akhungu ndi amaliseche amabadwa. Amadya mkaka wa mayi wawo kwa mwezi wopitilira, kenako nkudzipeza yekha. Ali ndi zaka 50, hedgehogs achinyamata amayamba moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Akazi amatha kutha msinkhu pa miyezi 11-12, amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka ziwiri. Pofika nthawi yophukira, hedgehogs imadziunjikira mafuta ndipo kumapeto kwa Okutobala - Novembala koyambirira kumagwera mu hibernation, kumene imatuluka mu Marichi - Epulo.
Ma hedgehogs okhala ndi moyo kuyambira zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Hedgehog yamaso akulu ndi mitundu yocheperako, koma mtundu wake ndi wokhazikika, ndipo chiwerengerocho sichimasinthasintha. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zomwe zapangitsa kuti achepetsa chiwopsezo cha madera ozungulira ndi kulima kwakutali kwa malo achitetezo ndi kusokonezeka kwina kwa malo anthropogenic.