Animal Planet posachedwapa yalengeza za akambuku amphamvu kwambiri ngati nyama zokondedwa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Komabe, zambiri zomwe timaganiza kuti timadziwa za akambuku ndizolakwika, kapena chifukwa cha chisokonezo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa amphaka akulu. Tiger ndi amodzi mwa amphaka osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe ambiri.

1. Ana agalu ndi ozungulira, mosiyana ndi amphaka am'makomo, momwe ana amapezeka ali ngati alkali. Mtundu wa ana agalu amtunduwu amafotokozedwa kuti ndi nyama zamadzulo - zimasaka makamaka m'mawa ndi madzulo, mosiyana ndi amphaka am'makomo, omwe ndi zolengedwa zamadzulo.

2. Ngakhale kuti Akambuku samasinthidwa makamaka ndi mdima, usiku amawona bwino nthawi 6 kuposa anthu.

3. Maso a akambuku ambiri ndi achikasu. Chosiyanacho ndi akambuku oyera, omwe maso ake nthawi zambiri amakhala abuluu, chifukwa chakuti mtundu wamtambo wamtambo umalumikizana ndi gene yoyera yansalu. Mtundu wa strabismus umaphatikizidwanso ndi majini awa, ndichifukwa chake akambuku oyera nthawi zambiri amaweta.

4. Kuti chizindikiro chizindikire gawo, akambuku amasiya zokhota pamtengo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mkodzo wawo. Fungo la mkodzo wawo limafanana ndi zipatso za popcorn.

5. Ndi fungo la mkodzo, akambuku amatha kudziwa zaka, amuna ndi akazi komanso kufunitsitsa kubereka agalu ena.

6. Akambuku amphongo ali ndi madera akuluakulu kuposa achikazi, kuti madera azitha kugawanika, kulola akambuku kubereka. Madera omwe oyimilira amuna kapena akazi okhaokha nthawi zambiri samadutsa.

7. Mbawala zazimuna nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polankhulana ndi akambuku ena, m'malo moopseza nyama zina. Tiger samalira asanaukire, mawu omwe amapangidwa ndi iwowa ali ngati phokoso kapena kuwomba.

8. Gulu la akambuku akafuna kupha nyama yawo, nthawi zambiri amuna amapereka ufulu wakudya kwa akazi ndi ana amphongo, mosiyana ndi mikango, pomwe amphongo amadya woyamba. Tiger nthawi zambiri samalimbana ndi chakudya, amakonda kudikirira.

9. Mikwingwirima ya kambuku aliyense ndi wapadera, monga zala za anthu.

10. Mapatani omwe ali pamphumi za akambuku ndiofanana kwambiri ndi chizindikiro cha Chitchaina chotanthauza Mfumu, pomwe akambuku adalandira ulemu pampando wachi China.

11. Zojambula pa tsitsi la nyalugwe zimabwerezedwa pakhungu lawo, monga amphaka am'nyumba. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale nguluwe yometedwa imatha kudulidwa.

12. Akambuku ndi osambira akuluakulu, mosiyana ndi amphaka ena ambiri akuluakulu. Amakonda kusambira, ndipo ana awo amakonda kusewera m'madzi. Mukakula, akambuku nthawi zambiri amasambira makilomita angapo akusaka komanso pamene akuwoloka mitsinje. Asayansi ankayang'ana munthu wina atayenda ma kilomita 30 tsiku limodzi.

13. Tiger ndi akuluakulu kwambiri amphaka, komanso osiyana kwambiri kukula kwamtunduwo. Oimira agalu a ku Siberia amatha kutalika kwa 3.5 metres ndi kulemera kopitilira 300 kilogalamu. Akambuku aang'ono kwambiri ndi oimira mabungwe ang'onoang'ono a Sumatran ma 2 mita kutalika ndi masekeli 100.

14. Mavuto amatha kukhala ndi pakati masiku 4-5 pachaka. M'masiku awa, nthawi zambiri amakwatirana. Mimba imatenga miyezi yopitilira atatu ndipo nthawi zambiri amatenga ana awiri kapena atatu mu litala limodzi.

15. Ana onsewa ali akhungu m'mlungu woyamba kubadwa kwawo. Theka la iwo sakukhala achikulire.

Zosangalatsa zokhudza akambuku
16. Mukasangalatsidwa, kuuma kwa nyalugwe sikungokhala chilili. Pali fupa mu mbolo yawo yotchedwa baculum, yomwe imaphimbidwa ndi ma spikes kuti athandize kulumikizana panthawi yakukhwima.

17. Akwatibwi amakonda kuukira nyama yayikulu kuchokera kubisalira. Ngati munthu ayang'ana kambuku - mwina sangathe kuukira, popeza wataya chinthu chodabwitsa. Anthu okhala m'malo ena ku India mwachikhalidwe amavala chophimba kumaso kwawo akamayenda m'nkhalango, kuti akambuku asamawagwire kumbuyo.

18. Tiger satenga anthu ngati nyama, koma amatha kuukira akamaopsezedwa. Nthawi zambiri kusaka mwadala anthu kumafotokozedwa ndi kusowa kwa nyama wamba mwa akambuku omwe ataya nthawi yawo yonse.

19. Nyama yaumunthu ikasinthidwa, akambuku ochepa amapanga chamba. Kuteteza ana ake, nyongoyi idapha anthu angapo, kenako adasinthiratu kudya nyama yamunthu. Akuti m'moyo wake anapha anthu pafupifupi 400.

20. Akambuku amphaka sakhala gawo la anthu, chifukwa akambuku amakonda kusaka abisala. Nthawi zambiri, amukira munthu yemwe amayenda panja pa khomo lokhalo. Cannibals amapitanso kukasaka usiku, chifukwa zimavuta kwambiri kuti anthu aziwaona usiku.

21. Akambukuwa sangathe kutsuka. Amawonetsa chisangalalo chawo powazunza kapena kutseka maso awo. Njira yowonetsera zakulongosoleka ndikuti kuchepa kwamaso kumachepetsa chitetezo chawo, ndipo akambuku (monga amphaka ena ambiri) amatseka maso awo pokhapokha atatetezedwa mokwanira.

22. Tiger amatha kufikira liwiro la makilomita 60 pa ola limodzi akathamanga mtunda waifupi.

23. Kudumpha kwa tiger kumatha kufika mita 6 m'litali ndi 5 mita kutalika. Miyendo yawo yamphamvu yolimba kotero kuti akambuku enanso amatha kuimirira ngakhale atamwalira.

24. Ndi nyama imodzi yokha pa thumbo khumi timene timakwanitsa, motero sangathe kudya kwa masiku angapo, kenako kudya nyama yopitilira kilogalamu 30.

25. Ngakhale kuti akambuku amatha kupulumuka ali ndi njala masiku angapo, chifukwa cha kukula kwawo kwakukulu amafa ndi njala mwachangu kuposa nyama zina. Kambalaka imatha kufa ndi njala mkati mwa masabata awiri, pomwe munthu amatha kupulumuka popanda masiku 30-30.

26. Pakhala nthawi zina pomwe akambuku amatsata mawu a nyama zina kuti akope nyama.

27. Zimbalangondo ndi gawo limodzi mwa chakudya cha akambuku ambiri chifukwa cha malo okhala. Pofuna kukopa zimbalangondo, akambuku amapanga phokoso lanyama za nyama zomwe zimasaka.

28. Nthawi zambiri, akambuku amapha nyama zawo ndi asphyxiation kapena magazi. Akaukira, amayesa kugwira khosi la nyama. Akalephera kuthyola mtsempha wamagazi, nyamayo imafa m'masekondi ochepa. Kupanda kutero, nyalugwe imapachikika m'khosi mwake kufikira pomwe nyama yamwalira.

29. Ngakhale akambuku amakonda kupha ndi ma sentimita 10, nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito maondo awo. Kukwapula kumodzi kumakhala kolimba kwambiri kuti kuthyole chigaza kapena kuwononga msana.

30. Akambuku amatha kuluma kudzera mano ndi nsagwada zamphamvu. Amatha kuluma kudzera m'mitsempha yam'mimba mwa kungotseka nsagwada zawo.

31. Tiger mwachangu amasinthana ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimabuka pakusaka. Ngati nyama singaphedwe ndi njira yawo yanthawi zonse - kuluka khosi - amabwera ndi njira ina. Mukasaka ming'alu, kuti zitha kupha nyama mwayi wokha, nyalugwe umayamba kuukira ndikuwachititsa khungu. Pambuyo pake, nyalugwe imatembenuza ng'ona kuti ilowe m'mimba yofewa, yomwe imatha kung'amba.

32. Malovu am'mimba ndi antiseptic achilengedwe. Amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha mabala awo.

33. kumtunda kwa malirime a akambuku amaphimbidwa ndi tinsalu tambiri, kotero kuti, pomwe amadzinyenga - samangosamba, komanso kupesa tsitsi lawo.

34. Mosiyana ndi nyama zina zambiri, pakumwa, akambuku samatunga madzi ndi malirime, ngati chidebe. M'malo mwake, amaponya madzi ndi lilime lawo, kenako amangophimba pakamwa pawo.

35. Mwa mitundu isanu ndi inayi ya akambuku, 6 ali ndi moyo: Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica), Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), Indochinese tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti), Malager tiger (Panthera tigris jacksoni), Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) ndi Chinese tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis).

36. Pazaka 80 zapitazi, magulu amtundu atatu adasowa padziko lapansi. Ng'ombe ya Balinese (Panthera tigris balica) idachotsedwa mwadala pachilumba cha Bali, chifukwa choti anthu amawona kuti ndi chizindikiro choyipa. Kambuku ya Javanese (Panthera tigris sondaica) idawonongedwa ndi anthu, ngakhale anthu ake anali ochepa kale chifukwa cha kuwonongedwa kwa malo ake. Akambuku a Transcaucasian (Panthera tigris virgata) adatha chifukwa chosaka nyama ndi nyama zake.

37. Kupha akambuku kuti awagwiritse ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe kunaletsedwa ku China zaka zambiri zapitazo ndipo ndikulangidwa ndi imfa. Zonunkhira zambiri zomwe zimachokera ku tiger zimasinthidwa mosavuta ndi zosakaniza zabwino komanso zotsika mtengo, koma mankhwala azikhalidwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la akambuku, chifukwa chongotengera zosowa kuposa thanzi.

38. Amakhulupirira kuti magawo a akambuku amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala makamaka aphrodisiacs. M'malo mwake, mankhwala achikhalidwe amakhulupirira kuti zosakaniza izi zimathandiza ndi matenda a nyamakazi komanso kugaya chakudya. Chifukwa cha malingaliro olakwika awa, ochulukirapo, zosakaniza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati aphrodisiacs omwe atchulidwa kale.

39. Tsoka ilo, ngakhale pakadali pano ku Laos, Cambodia ndi maiko ena ku Southeast Asia, olemba ndakatulo amapha akambuku kuti akwaniritse zosowa za anthu omwe akukhala M'zaka Zapakati ndipo amakhulupirira zamphamvu zamatsenga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala azikhalidwe.

40. Mtundu wa ubweya wa tiger umatha kukhala wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza yoyera, golide, yakuda komanso yamtambo. Mitundu yokhazikika imakhala ndi vuto la akambuku. Ngakhale sipanakhalepo umboni wotsutsa wamsonkhano wa akambuku a ku Malta abuluu, mphekesera za kukhalapo kwawo zikugwiritsabe ntchito.

41. Kutalika kwa moyo wa akambuku, onse ali m'ndende ndi chilengedwe, ali zaka 25.

42. Amphaka nthawi zambiri amakumbukira bwino kuposa nyama zina, kuphatikiza anthu. Mwa kuyerekezera kwina, kukumbukira kwawo kuli bwino maulendo angapo kuposa kukumbukira kwa agalu komanso nthawi khumi kuposa zanyengo. Kukumbukira kwakanthawi kambuku kumasungidwa nthawi 30 kuposa anthu. Zikumbukiro zawo zimasungidwa mothandizidwa ndi ma synapses amphamvu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti akambuku amatha kukumbukira kwambiri komanso kuiwalika mosavuta monga momwe timadziwira.

Kufotokozera

Akambukuwa amafika kutalika kwa masentimita 49 ndipo amalemera kuchoka pa 417 mpaka 450 g. Mwa amuna, crest ndi yayitali pang'ono kuposa zazikazi.

Mtundu wa maula ndizofanana payekhapayekha, kotero kwanthawi yayitali masamba atatu adasiyanitsidwa. Komabe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma plumage imapezeka kudera lonse logawidwa, kotero masiku ano sicholakwika kusiyanitsa mitundu ina iliyonse. Korona wamutu ndi wakuda. Nthenga kumbuyo kwa mutu ndizodukiza, ndikupanga mawonekedwe. Mlomo wake ndi wokumana, wowongoka pang'ono kumapeto. Chovomerezeka ndi chakuda, chovomerezeka ndi chobiriwira. Masaya ndi khosi ndimatumbo. Khosi limakhala loyera ndi mikwingwirima yayitali. Chovala chakumbuyo ndi chapamwamba ndimatumba amdima achikuda ndimthunzi wakuda wakuda. Mapikowo ndi a bulauni akuda ndi nsonga zoyera. Mchira wakuda. Kunja kwa thupi ndi kofiirira komwe kumakhala mawanga. Mbali za thupi, komanso zamkati, zimakutidwa ndi masamba oyera ndi mawanga bulauni. Miyendo ndimaolivi.

Pakhoza kukhala chisokonezo ndi chakumwa cha Japan ndi Hainan heron yemwe samadziwika kwambiri (Gorsachius magnificus), yemwe amakhala kumwera chakum'mawa kwa China komanso ku Vietnam. Chodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi nthamba zam'madzi za kambuku.

Kufalitsa

Tiger ndizofala ku India, Nepal, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Southern China, Japan, Philippines ndi madera ena a Indonesia. Monga malo okhalamo, iye amagwiritsa ntchito nkhalango yonyowa yozama. Amakhalanso m'mitsinje, mitsinje, madambo komanso madambo. Maonekedwe achilendo a Heron kumapiri okwera. Kummawa kwa India, tiger tating'onoting'ono tinkawoneka pamalo okwanira 2,300 m pamwamba pa nyanja.

Tiger Bittern ndi mbalame yosamukira, komabe, kusamuka kwake sikunaphunzire mokwanira. Ndikotheka kuti anthu akumpoto okha ndi omwe amasamukira, pomwe ena amakhala. Mobwerezabwereza, mbalame molakwika zinapita ku Christmas Island.

Moyo

Tiger Bittern imakhala moyo wopanda. Yogwira masana ndi usiku. Sipezeka kawirikawiri pamalo otseguka. Wokonzekera kuyang'ana chakudya m'dziko la nkhalango zowirira, zotentha. Amakonzekereratu kuwedza m'madziwe. Anthu okhala m'nkhalango, mosiyana, amakonda kugwira achule ndi nyongolotsi zazikulu. Kuphatikiza apo, mulinso kachikumbu, mollusks, crayfish, njoka, abuluzi ndi mbalame zazing'ono pakudya kwa mbalame.

Kuswana

Nthawi yakuswana imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi malo okhala. Nthawi zambiri mbalameyi imangokhala m'mitundu ina. Mu clutch nthawi zambiri kuyambira 3 mpaka 4 mazira. Nthawi ya makulitsidwe ndikuyamba kuyambira masiku 30 mpaka 32. Zonsezi mbalame mbalame. Mbalame zazing'ono zimadziyimira pawokha tsiku la 43.

Mawonekedwe

Akambuku ndi amphaka amphamvu, olimba komanso akuluakulu amphaka. Ngakhale izi, kutengera mtundu waung'ono, kulemera kwa amphaka amtchire kumasintha, ngakhale pang'ono, monga mtundu wawo. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti amphaka amtchire omwe amakhala kumtunda nthawi zonse amakhala akulu kuposa achibale awo omwe amakhala pachilumbachi. Akambuku a Amur ndi agalu a Bengal amadziwika kuti ndi nyama zazikulu kwambiri pabanjali, ngakhale kuti posachedwa tiger ya Amur idayamba kupatsa kukula kwa mnzake waku Bengal. Anthu achikulire, makamaka amuna, amakula pafupifupi mita pafupifupi 3 ndipo amatha kulemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 300.

Kutalika kwa nyama zomwe zimadyerera kufota ndizopitilira mita. Thupi la nyama yomwe imadya imakhala ndi mbali yayitali, ngakhale kuti imasinthasintha komanso imakhala yolimba, ngakhale kutsogolo kwa thupi kumapangidwa bwino kuposa msana.

Titha kunena kuti mchira wa buluzi ndi wautali, wokutidwa ndi tsitsi chimodzimodzi thupi. Zingwe zosenda zamtambo wakuda zimakhala mchira kuti apange mphete, pomwe nsonga ya mchira imakhala yakuda nthawi zonse. Pa mbali iliyonse yakutsogolo yamiyendo yamphamvu, pamakhala zala 5, pomwe pamiyendo yakumanzere mutha kuwerengera zala zinayi. Miyendo yonse ili ndi zikhadabo zolimba komanso zowoneka bwino.

Mutu ndi wokulirapo ndipo umasiyana mosiyanasiyana mozungulira, komanso mbali yakutsogolo ndi gawo lakutsogolo. Chigoba chimakhala champhamvu, ndipo matchuke amapendekeka kwambiri, momwe mafupa amkhungu amapezekera. Titha kunena kuti chilombo chachikuluchi chili ndi makutu ocheperako, okhala ndi konsekonse. Zovala zovekedwa zimapezeka kumbali zonse ziwiri za mutu.

Ma Vibrissae ndi otanuka kwambiri, omwe amakhala m'mizere 4 kapena 5 ndipo ndi oyera. Makulidwe awo amafikira mamilimita imodzi ndi theka, kutalika kwake kupitirira 150 mm. Ana ali mozungulira, ndipo iris ali ndi tint yachikasu. Akuluakulu onse, mosasamala mtundu, ali ndi mano atatu ndi owonda pakamwa pawo.

Chosangalatsa kudziwa! Yaimuna imasunga zazitali komanso zazitali, poyerekeza ndi zazikazi. Pankhaniyi, zala zapakati zimatuluka patsogolo, poyerekeza ndi mbali. Mtengo womwe umasiyidwa ndi wamphwa umakhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 160 mm, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 140 mm, ndipo wamkazi amatsata kufufuza, kutalika kwake pafupifupi 150 mm ndi kutalika pafupifupi 130 mm.

Ziwonetsero zomwe zimakhala m'malo otentha zimakhala ndi chovala chocheperako komanso chosowa kwambiri, ngakhale zimakhala zowondera. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala m'malo ozizira tili ndi ubweya wautali komanso wosalala. Kamvekedwe koyamba ka chovalacho kamatha kusintha kuchokera pakubowola kofiyira mpaka kumayendedwe kamafi. Monga lamulo, ma toni opepuka, pafupifupi oyera, amadziwika m'mimba, pachifuwa, komanso mkati mwa malo a paws.

Palinso mthunzi wowala pamakutu, makamaka kuchokera kumbuyo. Pa thupi lonse komanso pakhosi pali mikwingwirima yomwe ili mu ndege yopingasa, ndipo kumbuyo kwa thupilo kumakhala timitundu tambiri tambiri tofanizira ndi kutsogolo. Pansi pa mulingo wammphuno, zoyera zimagwira kwambiri m'dera la vibrissae, komanso chibwano ndi chibwano chamunsi.Pa mphumi, mu nape ndi korona, mutha kuwona mawonekedwe ovuta komanso osinthika, omwe amapangidwa chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mikwingwirima yakuda.

Kapangidwe ka mikwingwirima, m'lifupi ndi mtunda pakati pawo kutengera mtundu wa nyama yomwe ili gawo la banja lino. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, pali magulu osachepera zana pa thupi la mdani. Ngati ubweya wonse umachotsedwa pachinyama, ndiye kuti milozoyo imawoneka pakhungu la wolusa, ndiye kuti njirayi imabwerezanso ubweya wonse utakula.

Zochita ndi moyo

Mosasamala kanthu za malo amtunduwu, akambuku onse amadziwika kuti amadyera pamtunda womwe amakhala ndi moyo wosiyana, kusaka mdera lina. Amatha kukhala ndi chiwembu chotalika ma kilomita zana. Gawoli nthawi zonse limasamaliridwa ndi wamphongo kwa abale ake, komanso mokoma. Ngakhale izi, zazikazi zingapo zimakhala pamtunda wamphongo popanda mavuto.

Chifukwa cha chilengedwe chake chachikulu, chomwe sichimawalola kutsatira nyama yawo kwa nthawi yayitali, akambuku amasaka nyama yobisalira, kupanga mphezi mwachangu. Ngati nthawi yina patali patali sikunali kotheka kuti agwire nyama, nyalugwe suiwathamangitsa ndikukonzekera kugwirira nyama yotsatira.

Akatibwi amasaka m'njira ziwiri: amatha kubisala mwakachetechete mpaka modzembera kapena podikira. Mtunda pakati pa nyalugwe ndi nyama umachepetsedwa mpaka pafupifupi mamitala 150, ndiye kuti nyama yolusa imayamba kugwedezeka.

Chosangalatsa kudziwa! Tiger amatha kudumpha mpaka 5 metres komanso osachepera 10 metres.

Kuukira nyama zowopsa kumachitika mwachangu kwambiri kwakuti wopezayo alibe mwayi wopulumutsidwa. Palibe nyama yomwe imatha kuthamanga mwachangu ndi liwiro la mphezi kuti itha kuthawa, ngakhale nyalugwe limatha kuphonya. Amuna amatha kugawana nyama mosavutikira, koma ndi akazi okha.

Ndi akambuku angati omwe amakhala

Akambuku akuluakulu kwambiri a Amur amatha kukhala kuthengo zaka pafupifupi 15, koma ali mu ukapolo - pang'ono pang'ono, kwinakwake kuzungulira 20. Akambuku a Bengal amakhala pafupifupi zochulukirapo, ngakhale amatha kukhala m'malo ochita kupanga kwa pafupifupi zaka zana. Akatswiri amtundu wa Indochinese, Sumatran ndi Chinese amakhala m'malo achilengedwe mpaka atakwanitsa zaka 18. Nyama ya Chimalaki imakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri kuposa chilengedwe, pafupifupi theka la zaka, ndipo imakhala mu ukapolo kwa zaka zisanu. Zachidziwikire, izi ndizotheka pokhapokha ngati malo oyenera atsekeredwa.

Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica)

Omwe ali ndi mayina ambiri - mtundu wa Ussuri, North Chinese, Manchu kapena Siberian. Tiger ya Amur imakhala makamaka ku Amur Region, mkati mwa Chiyuda cha Autonomous Region, m'malo a Primorsky ndi Khabarovsk. Imawoneka ngati mitundu yayikulu kwambiri, yomwe ili ndi chovala chokwanira komanso chofunda, komanso malaya atali kwambiri. Utoto wake umakhala wowuma kwambiri, wofiyira, wokhala ndi mikwaso yakuda.

Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)

Zomwe zimatengera mtundu wamtundu wa akambuku omwe amakhala kumayiko monga Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar ndi Bhutan. Akambuku a Bengal amapezeka kulikonse padziko lapansi, m'nkhalango kapena m'nkhalango, komanso m'malo owuma. Amuna amatha kulemera mpaka ma kilogalamu 230, ndipo akazi - osaposa ma kilogalamu 150. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti akambuku omwe amakhala kumpoto kwa India ndi Nepal ndiwochulukirapo kuposa omwe amakhala m'malo ena a Indian subcontinent.

Chinese tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis)

Zomwe zili zokulirapo pang'ono poyerekeza ndi kambugu wa Chimalaya. Kuchuluka kwa amuna akuluakulu kumafika pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 180, kutalika kwa thupi la mita 2 ndi theka. Izi subspecies sizimasiyana pamitundu yayikulu.

Masamba monga nyalugwe wa Balinese, akambuku a Transcaucasian, ndi akambuku a Javan amaonedwa kuti ndiosowa, pomwe zolembedwamo zakale zimaphatikizapo Panthera tigris acutidens, komanso tiger ya Trinil.

Chochititsa chidwi! Zotsatira zakutchire kwa Amur ndi Bengal subspecies, wosakanizidwa amabadwa. Amadziwikanso za "ligra" ngati za mtundu wosakanizidwa womwe unatulukira mkango ndi chigamba, komanso "nyalugwe" pamene kambuku ndi mkango wamkati amapangika.

Malo okhala zachilengedwe

Osati kale kwambiri, akambuku anali ofala kuzungulira dziko lonse la Asia.

Ndizodziwika m'nthawi yathu ino kuti adaniwa adangopulumuka m'maiko 16 mdziko lapansi:

• Ku Laos.
• Ku Bangladesh.
• Ku Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
• Ku Bhutan.
• Ku Cambodia.
• Ku Republic of Republic of Vietnam.
• Ku Russia.
• Ku Republic of India.
• Ku Islamic Republic of Iran.
• Ku Republic of Indonesia.
• Ku China.
• Ku Malaysia.
• Ku Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
• Ku Thailand.
• Ku Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.

Monga lamulo, malo achilengedwe a akambuku ndi madera akumpoto kwa taiga, madera okhala ndi zipululu, komanso malo okhala nkhalango, malo owuma komanso malo otentha.

Mfundo yofunika! Amphaka ambiri amtchire amawopa madzi, chifukwa chake amayesa kupewa matupi osiyanasiyana amadzi, ngakhale akuya bwanji. Akambuku ndi nyama zolusa zomwe zimasambira mokongola ndikusangalala kusambira mmenemo. Chifukwa chake amapulumutsidwa kuzilombo ndi kutentha.

Kuti asaka bwino ndi kubereka ana awo, akambuku amakonda mapiri, okhala ndi mivi yambiri ndi matako achinsinsi. Amakhalanso otakasuka mubedi ndi bedi lomwe lili pafupi ndi matupi amadzi.

Zakudya Zamakedzana

Popeza mitundu yonse ya akambuku ndi nyama zoyamwitsa, chakudya chake chimangokhala chakudya cha nyama. Chokhacho chomwe zakudya za nyama zotere zimadalira malo, komanso kupezeka kwa chakudya. Ngati titenga chakudya cha nguluwe ya Bengal monga chitsanzo, ndiye kuti chakudya chachikulu ndi nkhumba zamtchire, zambars zaku India, nilgau ndi axises. Ponena za akambuku a Sumatran, nyama zawo zikuluzikulu ndi nkhumba zamtchire, ma tapirs ndi agulu a sambara. Zakudya za akambuku a Amur zimaphatikizapo: agwape, agwape ndi agwape ofiira, kuphatikizapo agwape ndi nkhumba zamtchire.

Buffaloes aku India, komanso nyumbu, zopumira, mavuvu, nyani, ndipo nthawi zina nsomba, zimatha kuphatikizidwa pakudya kwa akambuku. M'zaka zanjala, olusa amenewa amadya achule, makoswe osiyanasiyana ndi nyama zina zazing'ono, kuphatikiza zipatso ndi zipatso zamtchire zina. Zimadziwikanso kuti anthu akuluakulu, ngati mwayi ungachitike, amatha kuthana ndi adani ena mosavuta, monga ankhandwe, ng'ona, mimbulu, boazi, kuphatikizapo zimbalangondo zomwe zimakhala mkati mwa biotope inayake.

Mu duel ndi zimbalangondo mumabwera amuna amuna odziwa zambiri, omwe amasiyanasiyana modabwitsa komanso mphamvu. Ngakhale izi, ndewu zoterezi sizimadziwika nthawi zonse, chifukwa zimbalangondo nazonso zimakhala za adani olimba. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, akambuku nthawi zambiri amamenya ana a njovu zaku India. Chifukwa chake, malo osungira nyama amasamalira kwambiri njira yopangira chakudya cha akambuku. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro a akatswiri kuchokera ku Yuropu Yachigawo ya Europe.

Mulimonsemo, ndikofunikira kulingalira zaka za chirombo ichi, kulemera kwake, jenda, komanso nyengo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kulabadira kuti thanzi la tiger inali yosiyanasiyana, ndikuphatikizira nkhuku ndi ng'ombe. Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya ziyenera kusinthidwa ndikuphatikizidwa ndi mkaka, mazira, nsomba, komanso zakudya zina zomwe zili ndi mphamvu yokwanira ya mapuloteni muzakudya.

Kuti nyama yomwe imadya ikhale yosakhutira komanso kuti isamve ludzu, iyenera kudya nyama pafupifupi 10 kg patsiku. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa zakumwa kumatha kusiyanasiyana, kutengera zaka, zomwe zimalumikizana ndi kukula kwake. Zogulitsa zina, zimapatsidwa kwa omwe amadyera pang'ono kuti azikhala osakwanira pazinthu zopindulitsa. Akambukuwo akagwidwa ukapolo, zakudya zake ziyenera kuphatikizapo mavitamini othandizira komanso zakudya zofunikira pakakhala michere yofunikira yomwe ingalepheretse kukula kwa nyama mu nyama.

Adani achilengedwe a akambuku

Mwachilengedwe, zolengedwa zoterezi, zomwe zimakhala kumtunda kwenikweni kwa piramidi, sizinakhale ndi adani achilengedwe. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa chakuti ndi chilombo cholimba komanso champhamvu, chomwe palibe mdani aliyense angafanane ndi mphamvu. Chiwerengero cha akambuku zimatengera kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa osabereka osiyanasiyana.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Tiger sikuti amangokhala olimba, othamanga komanso amphamvu, komanso anzeru, komanso ochenjera, omwe amatha kuyesa luso lawo. Monga lamulo, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha chidziwitso chachikulu komanso luso lanyama.

Pali zimbalangondo zofiirira zokha zomwe zimatha kupirira tiger, pokhapokha ngati chimbalangondo chikuchita ndi nyama yaing'ono, yopanda nzeru, komanso chimbalangondo chikakumana ndi ana ang'onoang'ono a tiger. Monga lamulo, akambuku ndi amphamvu kuposa zimbalangondo, chifukwa zimathamanga, ndizofanana ndi kukula komanso thupi.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Amayi a Amur amalembedwa mu Red Book ndipo amawonedwa kuti ndi mabungwe ang'ono kwambiri. Ponena za njati za Bengal, anthu ake amaonedwa kuti ndi akuluakulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Dera la Malaysia ndi amodzi mwa gulu lalikulu kwambiri la nthenga za ku Indochinese. Izi zidatheka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito njira zozunza kuzunza ozunza.

Ngakhale njira zoyenera, kuchuluka kwa anthu amtunduwu kuli pachiwopsezo, chomwe chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi malingaliro amomwe mankhwala akale aku China amagwiritsa, ziwalo zonse zamtundu kuchiritsa munthu. Kambuku ya ku Melika imatenga malo achitatu mwa kuchuluka kwa omwe amadana ndi nkhwawa izi. Ponena za nyalugwe waku China, uwu ndi masamba omwe akuwopsezedwa kuti atheretu. Titha kuyerekezera kuti m'malo azachilengedwe izi sizimamachitika konse.

Amuna ndi akambuku

Tiger nthawi zambiri amavutitsa anthu, poyerekeza ndi ena omwe ndi achibale a Feline. Nthawi zambiri munthu amadziimba mlandu, chifukwa amawoneka komwe kambuku limamverera ngati mbuye. Kuphatikiza apo, mwina izi zimachitika chifukwa chosowa chakudya, komwe akambuku amakhala. Izi zimakakamiza wolimbayo kuti azioneka m'gawo la anthu, pafupi ndi kwawo.

Monga lamulo, akambuku a mbalame zanthunso amaimira osaka okha. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa nyama zovulala kapena zofooka zomwe zikuyang'ana nyama yofooka, yomwe ndi munthu. Chidwi chambiri, chamathanzi, chomwe chimatha kupeza chakudya chokha, sichimawombera munthu, koma nthawi zina chimatha kuvulaza. Pakadali pano, popeza kuchuluka kwa akambuku akucheperachepera, palibe amene akunena za kuwombera kwa tiger. Pankhani imeneyi, ziwerengero zoterezi zitha kukhala ndi mtengo wofanana.

Mayiko ambiri amawononga mikango ndi anthu. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala achi China, onse osakhala achikhalidwe komanso azikhalidwe, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi ziwalo zonse zamthupi, komanso mchira, masharubu, mbolo, kuchiritsa anthu, kuphatikiza pa kuyendetsa gwere lofooka. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti pakadali pano palibe maphunziro omwe akuchitidwa (ndipo chifukwa chake sangatsimikizidwe) pankhani yokayikira zolinga zofananira za ziwalo za thupi. Nthawi yomweyo, ndizoletsedwa kupanga mankhwala aliwonse a ziwalo za akambuku. Kupha kosaloledwa kwa chirombo ichi ndikulangidwa ndi imfa.

Pomaliza

Zachilengedwe zimavutika makamaka ndi ntchito za anthu, chifukwa chake munthu ali ndi ngongole zambiri mwanjira zomwe kubweza ngongole sizikudziwika masiku ano. Ngakhale, posachedwapa, pakhala pali chizolowezi choti magulu ena a akambuku abwezeretse anthu awo. Mwanjira ina, maiko ena ateteza chilombochi mwa lamulo. Monga lamulo, malamulo oterowo cholinga chake ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha zochita za anthu pa nyama yanyama komanso chilengedwe chonse. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa owononga chifukwa cha zoyesayesa. Osati pachabe, ku China, "anzeru" otere omwe adaganiza zokhala ndi moyo motere, adzakumana ndi chilango cha kuphedwa.

Pali zinthu zina zambiri zosangalatsa zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa anyani padziko lapansi. Ndani sanakhalepo ku zoo? Inde, pafupifupi onse anali, koma si aliyense amene amamvetsetsa zomwe zimatengera zinyama. Pali malo osungira nyama momwe nyamazo zimasungidwa pafupi kwambiri ndi chilengedwe, ndipo kuli malo osungirako nyama komwe nyama zimasamalidwa bwino chifukwa chomangidwa. Pankhaniyi, malo osungirako zotere amayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga phindu, koma osamangidwa.

Ndipo ndani amene sanali m 'sikisi? Panali ambiri mozungulira ndipo amakumbukira bwino kuti magwiritsidwe a akambuku ophunzitsidwa bwino ndi chisonyezo cha ntchito yotere. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe amene amadziwa kuti nyamazo zinachotsedwapo zachilengedwe, mwina zochepa kwambiri, kuzilanda makolo awo ndi malo okhala. Ndipo tsopano zikungolingalira kuti ndi malo angati malo omwe alipo padziko lapansi, zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, zazikulu komanso zopanda kwambiri. Ndipo ndimasamba angati omwe ali padziko lapansi? Chochita chilichonse sichingachite popanda akambuku ophunzitsidwa bwino, ndi nyama zina.

Palinso chinthu china chofunikira, ndipo chikugwirizana ndi kusunga ziweto zapakhomo kunyumba. Masiku athu ano, zinthu ngati izi zasintha kukhala njira yolakwika yowonetsera kuti mulibe chilichonse monga anthu amachitira, ndipo m'malo mwa mphaka wapakhomo, nyalugwe wamba amayenda kuzungulira nyumba kapena kunyumba. Kodi alipo angati? Inde, ochulukirapo, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti kwa anthu omwe malamulo palibe, pali mwayi wopeza moyo wabwino. Kuti achite izi, amapita kumalo achilengedwe ndikukagwira nyama zakuthengo ndipo izi sizofunikira mothandizidwa ndi akambuku. Mwanjira ina, mavuto omwe amadza chifukwa chakuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha akambuku padziko lapansi, makamaka kuwonongeka konse kwa mabungwe, ndi vuto lapadziko lonse lapansi lomwe lingathetsedwe ndi njira yolumikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, malamulo omwe amakhazikitsidwa m'maiko ena ayenera kubwerezedwanso kumayiko ena apadziko lapansi, ngakhale atakhala kuti akambuku amapezeka mdziko muno kapena ayi.

Tiana ndi nyama zapadera, zodwala komanso zamphamvu. Ndiye chifukwa chake dzina "Tiger" limagwiritsidwa ntchito paukadaulo wamphamvu wokhoza kugwira ntchito zovuta kwambiri. Pansi pa mawu akuti "Tiger" aliyense amamvetsetsa mphamvu, kuthamanga ndi kukhulupirika, zomwe sizingatheke kwa munthu wamba.

Mfundo Zachidziwitso

Zowonetsedwa Magulu 8 a akambuku:

1. Bengal (Indian) tiger (P.t. tigris): India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, kumadzulo kwa Myanmar, Nepal,
2. Indochinese tiger (R. t. Corbetti): Kampuchea, China, Laos, Malaysia, kum'mawa kwa Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam,
3. Sumatra Tiger (P. t: sumatrae): Sumatra,
4. Amur tiger (P. t. Altaica): Russia, China, North Korea (zosatsimikizika),
5. South Chinese tiger (amoy) (R. t. Amoyensis): China,
6. Caspian (Guranian) tiger (P. t. Virgata): kale amakhala ku Afghanistan, Iran, Republic of Turkmenistan ndi gawo la China loyandikana nalo, ku Turkey - tsopano amwalira.
7. Javanese tiger (P. t. Sondaica) - zatha,
8. Balinese tiger (P. t. Balica) - zatha.

Kugawidwa ku India, Southeast Asia, China, kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Russia. Malo okhala malo okhala mabango a Central Asia mpaka nkhalango zamvula za ku Southeast Asia ndi nkhalango zowuma za Russia Far East.

Kutalika kwa kambuku wamwamuna wa Bengal ndi 2.73.1 m, zazikazi 2.4-2.65 m, kulemera kwamphongo 180-25-25 kg, zazikazi 100-160 kg.

Colours: Mikwingwirima yakuda kumbuyo kofiirira kumbuyo ndi m'mbali, gawo lam'munsi lambiri ndi loyera, amuna amuna kuzungulira mutu amakhala ndi "kolala" lowoneka bwino la ubweya wautali. Utoto wa mtundu wa Amur ndi wodetsa nkhawa, ukusintha kwakanthawi. Nthawi zina pamakhala akambuku oyera ndi mikwaso ya chokoleti.

Chakudya chachikulu ndichochikulu.Zimasakanso nyama zing'onozing'ono, monga nyani, badger ngakhale nsomba.

Akazi amatha kutha msinkhu pofika zaka zapakati pa 3-4, amuna mosakhalitsa - azaka 4-5, mu zinyalala nthawi zambiri pamakhala ana atatu (nthawi zina 1-7). Kutalika kwa mimba ndi masiku 103. Nyama zazing'ono zimayamba kudziimira payekha pazaka 1.5-2.

Utali wamoyo tiger mpaka zaka 15 (ali mu ukapolo mpaka zaka 26).

Adapangidwa kuti aphe. Mapangidwe ndi ntchito

Kapangidwe ka nthumwi zonse za mabanja amphaka zimagwirizana ndi kusaka kwawo mwapadera. Ali ndi luso la chizunzo chobisalira, kuwazunza ndi kupha ozunzidwa. Amphaka amtundu osiyanasiyana amasiyana wina ndi mnzake makamaka mumtundu wamalaya ndi kukula kwake. Akambuku, monga amphaka ena akuluakulu, amakonda kusaka nyama yomwe ndi yayikulu kwambiri, amakhala ndi miyendo yayifupi ndi minofu yolimba komanso zibwano zazitali zakuthwa, zomwe amatha kuzigwira ndikugwira nyama. Chigoba chimafupikitsidwa, chomwe chimapititsa patsogolo zotsatira za wopunduka pantchito ya nsagwada zamphamvu. Tiana nthawi zambiri timapha nyama mwa kuluma ndi dzanja lamadzi kumbuyo kwa khosi lawo, ngakhale kuti nthawi zina zimabera nyama mwa kumugwira pakhosi.

Kuti kusaka kutha kuyenda bwino, kambuku amayenera kukwawa pafupi ndi momwe angathere, ndiye kuti imakhazikika kumtunda wake wonse ndikuthamangira kuukali, ndikugunda mtunda wotsalapo ndi kulumpha angapo mwamphamvu. Nthawi zambiri, nyalugwe limamenya kumbuyo, kuyesera kuti ligwiritse paphewa, khosi kapena kumbuyo kwake. Imodzi mwa khumi kapena ngakhale makumi awiri akumenyedwa bwino.

Amphaka awa ndiwodabwitsa modabwitsa: chovala chawo cha lalanje-ginger wokhala ndi utoto woyera chimakongoletsedwa ndi mikwaso yakuda, kupatula kwa utotowo kuli poti mtundu uliwonse wa tiger ukhoza kuzindikirika ndi makonzedwe ake apadera. Akambuku oyera, oyimiridwa kwambiri kumalo osungirako zinyama (mikwingwirima pa ubweya wawo nthawi zambiri imakhala chokoleti cha utoto, motero sangathe kudziwika kuti ndi alubino wathunthu) amachokera ku Mohan, kambuku wamwamuna wa Bengal wogwidwa ndi Maharajas a Reva County ku India (tsopano Madhya Pradesh). Ngakhale mitundu ya akambuku omwe ali m'magulu osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana ndiosiyana (oimira anthu okhala m'nkhalango zamvula za ku Southeast Asia amakhala akuda), makulidwe ofukula a mikwingwirima, omwe amakhala amtundu wonse, amapereka amphaka awa mobisika kwambiri.

Malo okhala tiger. Kufalitsa

Kusewera kwa kunyezimira kwa dzuwa komanso kuyenda kosalekeza kwa mithunzi yanga yoponyedwa ndi udzu wautali, zitsamba ndi mitengo zimapatsa mwayi tihungubwe mwayi wodzipatula. Mwinanso izi ndizochilengedwe zokha zomwe zimapezeka mwazinthu zambiri zamitundu mitundu pomwe akambukuwa adayamba kukhalako ngati mtundu. Muli nkhalango zamvula zam'malo otentha a Zilumba za Sunda, udzu wamtali komanso malo osefukira a kumpoto kwa India ndi Nepal, nkhalango zowuma za Thailand zosakanikirana, mapiri otentha a Sundarban, komanso nkhalango zokhala m'malo otentha a Russian Far East, posachedwa, nyalugoyi idakhalamo. mabedi mabango, tugai ndi nkhalango zamapiri zam'chigawo cha Caspian.

Akambuku owukira akalumpha amatha kukhala chizindikiro cha nyonga ndi kuthamanga, chitsanzo cha wolusa wangwiro padziko lapansi. Ikasaka nyama kapena kuyenda m'mayendedwe ake, nyalugwe imatha kuphimba maulendo ataliatali mpaka 1020 km.

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha malo okhala akambuku ndi kupezeka kwa masamba wandiweyani, omwe nyama zimagwiritsa ntchito mwaluso, kubisala mmalo musanayambe kuba nyama. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama zimafunikira magwero amadzi, zomwe ndizofunikira mu nyengo yotentha, komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu ambiri osabereka ndiko kulanda kwakukulu kwa nyama zodyerazi. Kugawidwa kwa nyalugwe, komanso mbali zambiri za machitidwe awo komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu zimatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi kuchuluka kwa mitundu yomwe imapanga maziko a chakudya - agwape, nkhokwe, ndi nkhumba.

Kuyankhulana patali. Khalidwe la akambuku

Mosiyana ndi mikango ndi njuchi zimasaka malo otseguka, nyalugwe imabera nyama ndi kuigwira kuti isabisalire, kotero kusaka kokha, monga lamulo, ndizothandiza kwambiri. M'malo okhala ndi masamba obiriwira, komwe owazunzidwa amamwazikana m'malo opambana, phindu la kusaka palimodzi limacheperachepera. Chifukwa chake, gulu la akambuku silimakhala mderalo; nyama izi zimasamalirana kwambiri patali.

Kutsata ma wailesi ku Nepals, India ndi Russia kunawonetsa kuti amuna ndi akazi amakhala m'magulu amodzi, omwe amawateteza ku akambuku enanso amuna ndi akazi. Akazi amakhala m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, ndipo kusankha kwawo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kupezeka kwa chakudya ndi madzi ofunikira kuti tigress akhale ndi moyo ndi kubereka ana. Amuna amayesa kutenga pansi paulamuliro wawo ndi kuteteza gawo lalikulu la magawo a akazi.

Kukula kwa magawo awo kumadalira mphamvu komanso zolimbana ndi zomwe amuna amakhala nazo. Nthawi zambiri, wamwamuna yemwe amatha kuteteza gawo lake kuti asawonongedwe ndi akambuku ena amakhala ndi ufulu wokwatirana ndi akazi onse omwe malo awo ali nawo.

Ngakhale chiwonetsero cha mtunduwo ndi chofanana ndi akambuku onse, kukula kwa madera omwewo kumatengera kuchuluka kwa nyama zomwe nyama zimakonda kusaka. Ku Nepal ndi India, omwe amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa anthu osagwirizana, malo amodzi omwe ali ndi akazi okwanira 20 miliyoni. km, pomwe ali ku Russia Far East, komwe kuchuluka kwa anthu osapezekanso ndi kotsika kwambiri, dera lomwe munthu ali ndi gawo limodzi angafikire 470 lalikulu. km Agalu osochera - makamaka nyama zazing'ono, zomwe zaka zake zikuyandikira kukhwima, zimakhala ndi gawo lawolawo - zimadutsa malo omwe kale amakhala ndikuyenda m'malire awo poganiza kuti ndi mwayi kulowa zina za anthu ena.

Wamphongo amatha kudziwa mtundu wa akazi ndi fungo la chizindikiro chawo. Kumwetulira, nyalugwe imakweza mutu, ndipo nkhope yake imasokonekera chifukwa cha mtundu wina, womwe umatchedwa kuti "flemen" - pomwe milomo ya nyamayo imakokedwa mwamphamvu ndipo pakamwa pake pamatseguka, chifukwa cha zinthu zonunkhira zimafikira mosavuta pazinthu zofananira za Jacobson, zomwe zimasanthula nthawi yomweyo fungo ndi kulawa.

Kutetezedwa kwa malo amodzi payokha kumakhala koopsa ndi zoopsa zambiri: ngakhale atapambana nkhondoyi, nyalugwe amatha kuvulala kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asathe kusaka. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti akambuku amayesera kudziwitsa wotsutsa kuti alipo kuti asagundane mwachindunji. Amapopera tchire, mitengo ndi miyala yamiyala ndi mkodzo wosakanizika ndi zinsinsi za tezi tamatumbo, ndikusiyira zolemba mawonekedwe amadzimadzi ndi zigawo m'malo osiyanasiyana mdera lawo, pogwiritsa ntchito misewu, mayendedwe ndi malo ena otchuka pa izi. Zachidziwikire, chizindikirochi chimadziwika ndi oyandikana nawo ndi akambuku achilendo monga chizindikiro "malowa ali otanganidwa," ngakhale kuli kotheka kuti amalemba zina, makamaka, kusiyana pakati pa nyama.

Tiana amakhala okhwima pofika zaka 3-5, komabe zimawatengera nthawi kuti akhale ndi gawo lawo ndikukonzekera kuswana. Matenga amatha kumachitika nthawi iliyonse pachaka, ngakhale nthawi yozizira. Akazi mu oestrus amauza amuna za izi mothandizidwa ndi kubangula pafupipafupi komanso kununkhira komwe kumachitika m'deralo. Pambuyo pathupi, lomwe limatenga masiku 103, pafupifupi ana awiri kapena atatu akhungu, opanda ana amadzabadwira wamkazi. Osachepera mwezi woyamba, ana amphaka amadya mkaka wa amayi, ndipo agogowo amawasungira m'khola momwe anabadwira, kapena amawasamutsira kumalo ena, akumakoka mano awo ndi zipsera.

M'malo otentha, akambuku amatha nthawi yayitali pafupi ndi mitsinje ndi matupi ena amadzi, nthawi zambiri amaimirira kapena kugona m'madzi kuti lizizirira. Tiger ndi osambira aluso, nthawi zina amatha kuwoloka mitsinje 7-8 km mulifupi.

Pakatha miyezi 1-2, ana ake amayamba kutsagana ndi mayiyo kukasaka, atawasamalira. Makanda a miyezi isanu ndi umodzi okha ndi omwe amayamba kuphunzira kuthamangitsa, kuba, ndi kupha wolakwayo. Amuna samatenga nawo mbali polera ana, ngakhale nthawi zina amalumikizana ndi banjali, ndipo nthawi zina amagawana zomwe agwirira ndi agogo ndi ana ake.

Anawo amadalira mayi awo mpaka miyezi 15, pambuyo pake amakhazikika.

Tiger ndi anthu

Ubwenzi wapakati pa anthu ndi akambuku siwapafupi. Anthu ochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi, akuchita chidwi ndi ukulu wa akambuku, amafuna kupulumutsa nyama izi kuti zisawawononge. Anthu okhala m'maiko omwe akambuku amakhala pansi amayesa kupeza malire pakati pokhutiritsa zofuna zawo - ndipo nthawi zina amapulumutsa miyoyo yawo - ndikuwathetsa vuto losamalira mitundu. Ngati palibe nyama yachilengedwe, akambuku amayamba kusaka ziweto. Kubera kotero nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi achinyamata okhazikika, kapena akuluakulu, ovulala kapena ofooka, otulutsidwa mdera lawo ndi nyama zazing'ono komanso zamphamvu. Pafupipafupi, ngakhale, mwatsoka, nthawi zambiri, akambuku amapha anthu.

Pali zifukwa zitatu zazikulu zomwe zikuluzikulu zimakhalira masamba: kuvulala, kukalamba, ndi njala. Zimachitika, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri, ana amatengera chizolowezi cha amayi awo. Ku India, akambuku, ataona cholengedwa chamoyo kuchokera kumbuyo (munthu woweruka kuti atole nkhuni), amazindikira mochedwa kuti chinthu chomwe amaziwombera chinali munthu. Zikatero, kumenya kamodzi kumapha kawirikawiri, ndipo kambuyo samadya nyama yake, nasiya pomwe aphedwa. Nthawi zina, munthu mwangozi amakumana ndi mbewa yokhala ndi ana kapena kambuku pafupi ndi nyama yophedwayo ndikufa chifukwa chomenya chifukwa cha chibadwa cha makolo kapena kuyesera kuteteza nyama yomwe ili pagawo lake. Chifukwa chachitatu chodziwika bwino chomwe akambukuwa amagwira anthu ndi kuyesa kuthamangitsa munthu kuti asagwire nyama zomwe zimadyera: olusa amapha abusa poyesera kuteteza ng'ombe zawo.

Pali malo amodzi padziko lapansi pomwe kubedwa kwa akambuku kwakhala ponseponse. Malo ano ndi Sundarban Tiger Reserve, yomwe ili ku Ganges River Delta. Ma biotope a nkhokwe zachilengedwe za ku Sundarban ndi apadera kwambiri, chifukwa amaimiridwa ndi nkhalango zamatanthwe. Akambuku omwe amakhala pano samawopa anthu, izi mwina zikuchitika chifukwa cha mbiri yakale kuti ku Sundarban ndi gawo lokhalo la India komwe sikunakhalepo kosaka kwamtambo kwa akambuku.

Nkhani yomvetsa chisoni ya tiger

Mwa mitundu isanu ndi itatu yoyambira ya nyalugwe, zitatu zazing'ono kwambiri komanso zokhazokha kwambiri zatha. Nyalugwe ya Bali inali yoyamba kutha papulaneti lathu (lipoti lomaliza lotsimikiza pakuwunika kwa tiger a Bali kuyambira 1939), lotsatiridwa ndi akambuku a Turan ndi Javan, omwe adawonedwa komaliza mu 1968 ndi 1979, motsatana. Tsopano atatsala pang'ono kutha ndi akambuku a ku South China. Akambuku a masamba otsalawo nawonso adakumana ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chakutha padziko lapansi.

Akambuku okhala pakadali pano akuwopsezedwa ndi zoopsa zitatu zazikulu: kupha mwachindunji, kuwononga malo komanso kuthetsa chakudya. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa zilombo zolusa kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafupa a tiger, chifukwa cha zosowa zamsika zamankhwala am'mbuyomu, komanso kuchotsa akambuku chifukwa cha zikopa zawo, zomwe zimakopa okonda ziphona zalenje. Kuyesera kupondereza malonda osaloledwa kwadzetsa zotsatirapo zabwino, koma kukula kwake ndikofunika kwambiri.

Zizolowezi za akambuku amabwera pansi pa zochita za anthu ndikupanga zidutswa, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu. Anthu akambuku akakhala akung'ambika pang'onopang'ono pakati pa magulu am'mbuyomu, anyaniwa amalekanitsa nyama ndi kuzichepetsa, zomwe pamapeto pake zimawabweretsa pafupi kutha kwachilengedwe.

Koma ngakhale malo okhala akambuku atetezedwa bwino, olusa amafunika chakudya chochuluka. Kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha osakhulupirira kwasiya kale madera ambiri ku Asia popanda akambuku, omwe m'njira zina zonse ndi oyenera kuzunza nyama izi. Kulimbikitsa kuwongolera kuwombera kwa anthu osagwirizana ndi madera oterowo, kuphatikiza kuletsa kusaka kulikonse m'malo oteteza zachilengedwe, mosakayikira kudzapindulitsa anthu ndi akambuku.

Pamapeto pake, akambuku amatha kupulumuka pokhapokha anthu am'derali akakhala ndi chidwi pakusamalira komanso kuwateteza. Anthu omwe amakhala m'magulu osiyanasiyana a akambuku amawona kuti ndiwosapeweka, koma wofunikira m'chilengedwe.