Mchere waku Europe
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Mchere waku Europe, kapena zombo za ku Europe (lat. Solea solea) - mtundu wa nsomba zothimbidwa ndi ray kuchokera ku banja lamchere (Soleidae) chopezeka cha flatfish, wotuwa wotumbululuka wokhala ndi mawanga amdima. Thupi limakutidwa ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa nsomba kukhala yovuta kukhudza. Inachulukira kuyambira mwezi wa March mpaka Meyi m'madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja. M'nyengo yozizira, mchere wa ku Europe umabwereranso kuzama; kutentha kwamadzi ochepa, lilime lam'nyanja siliyenda.

Dzinalo Chilatini limagwiritsidwa ntchito pachilankhulo cham'madzi Sole, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti "exole" chifukwa cha kufanana kwa mawonekedwe a zilankhulo zam'madzi ndi nsapato yokha. Kuphatikiza apo, kale linkatchedwa chilankhulo chachikulu cham'madzi cham'madzi, chilankhulo cham'nyanja, ndi zina zambiri.

Chilankhulo cham'madzi chimawoneka ngati chokoma ndipo chimayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi ma gourmets. M'masitolo motsogozedwa ndi chilankhulo cham'madzi, nthawi zambiri amagulitsa nsomba zina - Pangasianodon hypophthalmus ndi dzina lamalonda "pangasius".

Mu 2014, Greenpeace idaphatikiza chilankhulo cham'madzi mu mndandanda wa nsomba zomwe zatsala pang'ono kuwonongeka chifukwa chakuwononga njira zowononga ndikuwedza kwa anthu ambiri.

Makonda

Wosewera adzayamba zokha (ngati kuli kotheka), ngati ali pamtunda wowonekera patsamba

Kukula kwa wosewera kudzasinthidwa mosintha kukula kwa chipika patsamba. Kukhazikika kwa Zinthu - 16 × 9

Wosewera amasewera kanemayo pamndandanda akasewera kanema wosankhidwa

Pachilankhulo chamakono cham'madzi, filimuyi ndi yoyera ngati chipale, yochepera komanso yopanda mafuta, yokhala ndi makulidwe osaposa sentimita imodzi. Ikazizira, filimuyo sayenera kupunduka. Ichi ndichizindikiro chotsimikizika kuti chilankhulo chagwiranso pansi. Zomera zamtunduwu ndizopyapyala komanso zokutira mamilimita awiri. Kuwala kwabwino kumalepheretsa nsomba kuti iume ndi kuphatikiza mafuta.

Pangasius

Monga mukuwonera, chilankhulo cha Nyanja ndi nsomba yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa Halibut. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zosiyana m'malo omwe magawidwe ndi mawonekedwe. Pali lingaliro kuti m'mashelu athu timapeza chilankhulo cha Nyanja ya Pangasius - nsomba kuchokera ku catfish. Monga lamulo, kulemera kwake kokwanira kumafikira 44 kg, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 130. Amalimidwa kwambiri pamafamu ku Southeast Asia. Pangasius amadyetsedwa chakudya chamafuta apamwamba kuti akule msanga. Zimakhala zowopsa kwambiri ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso zina.

kapena zosatheka kwathunthu. Izi sizosadabwitsa: nsomba zazing'onoting'ono, zokoma komanso zathanzi ndizakudya zenizeni! Kuphatikiza apo, imasankhidwa ndi United States National Council for Conservation of Natural Natural ngati nsomba zotsika kwambiri zamadzimadzi. Mutha kudya kawiri pa sabata magawo 170 magalamu. Halibut imatchulidwa ngati nsomba yokhala ndi mankhwala ambiri a zebaki: amalimbikitsidwa kuti azidya kwambiri katatu pakakhala mwezi m'magawo omwewo.

Kuphika Halibut

Ngati nkhani yathu siyikukuwopani 🙂 ndipo mwaganiza zophika Halibut (wakhumudwitsidwa kuti sichilankhulo cha ku Nyanja ndikuwonetsetsa kuti si Pangasius), ndiye nayi kaphikidwe kanu ka zakudya.

Halibut ndibwino kuti asamphike, koma kuphika. Mukamaphika, imatenga mafuta ambiri ndikukhala okwanira kanayi mu ma calories. Mutha kuphika Halibut kwa banja, kusunga zofunikira zonse popanda kuwonjezera kuvulaza kwake. Kuti muchite izi, thirirani mchere nsomba, kuwaza ndi mandimu ndikuyika owiritsa kapena wowiritsa pang'onopang'ono. Ikani amadyera pamwamba, mutha kuyikanso masamba. Pambuyo pakupita mphindi 10, chakudya chopatsa thanzi chidzakhala chokonzeka kudya. Simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mchere, m'malo mwake ndi tsabola ndi mandimu. Zikhala chokoma kwambiri komanso chopatsa thanzi! Inde, mutha kuyesa zokonda zanu, kupeza zakudya zatsopano nthawi zonse.

Maonekedwe ndi kufotokoza nsomba

Chilankhulo cham'nyanja ndikuyimira nsomba kuchokera ku banja lamchere, chokhala ngati zofukiza. Maonekedwe ake amafanana ndi chopota. Thupi lathyathyathya ndi mutu, ngakhale maonekedwe ndi maso mbali imodzi ya thupi - izi ndi zomwe zizindikiro zoyambirira zamchere zimawoneka.

Kutalika kwa nsombazi ndi kocheperako - masentimita 30. Mbali zonse za thupi zimakutidwa ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono omwe amawonjezera kuuma kwake. Mutu umakutidwa ndikotakata. Kumbuyo kwa lilime kunapakidwa bulauni ndikusakanikirana ndi imvi komanso malo amdima. Mbali yam'mimba ndiyopepuka, ngati nthumwi zina za nsomba zomwe zimakhala m'malo otsika.

Chilankhulochi chimakhala munyanja yamchere ya Atlantic ndi Pacific. Imakonda madzi osaya, kutentha kwa madzi mpaka 8 mpaka 24 ° C. Chakudya chachikulu ndi crustaceans yaying'ono, mollusks ndi nyongolotsi. Kusaka usiku.

Dzina lolondola

Kuphika, pansi pa dzina losakhala lachiwerewere limatanthawuza mafupifupi achidule ochokera ku banja lamchere. Nsomba zam'nyanja zili ndi dzina lina - mchere waku Europe. Zimatchedwa chifukwa. Maziko ake anali mawu achi Latin akuti "pekee", omwe pomasulira amatanthauza the pekee, outsole. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti thupi limawoneka lathyathyathya, lofanana ndi nsapato yokha. Anthu adampatsa dzina la nsomba-mchere, chifukwa nyama yake ndi yamchere kwambiri.

Pindulani ndi kuvulaza

Mtembo wa nyama yam'madzi chotereyi umakhala ndi michere yambiri. Amakhudza thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kupewa komanso kupewa matenda otsatirawa.

• Stroko
• Matenda a mtima.
• Matenda oopsa
• Osteochondrosis.
• Matenda a chithokomiro.
• Nyamakazi
• Hypersensitivity ya chapakati mantha dongosolo.
• Acidity yochepa.

Chiwerengero cha nsomba zam'madzi chikuyang'aniridwa mwamphamvu. Kuphatikiza pa zabwino za chilankhulo cham'madzi, kuvulala kulinso. Masiku ano, kuswana mu zochitika zakale kumachitidwa mwachangu, zomwe zingayambitse zotsatira zoyipa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti sikuti onse opanga omwe akufuna kulolera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kupanga ndikusamalira chilengedwe ndi chitetezo m'malo osungirako. Kusunga pazinthu zofunika ngati izi kumabweretsa chiopsezo pamoyo wa ogula.

Malo akuluakulu kulimidwa ndi Mtsinje wa Mekong, womwe uli ku Vietnam. Vuto la mtsinjewu ndi kuipitsa kwake kwakukulu. Palibe boma lolamulira mdziko muno, ndiye kuti zinyalala zamamadzi ndi zotsalira za feteleza wochokera kuminda zimatayidwa osavomerezeka m'madzi a Mekong. Zotsatira zake, mtsinjewo umakhala ndi zitsulo zolemera, zinthu zoopsa ndi poizoni. Imodzi mwa mitsinje yoyipitsidwa kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwakukulu kwa zinthu zovulaza, kugwiritsa ntchito zakudyazi kumatha kuwononga chiwindi, m'mimba, kusokonezeka kwa magazi komanso kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zina zamkati.

Makhalidwe abwino

Chinthu choyamba chomwe muyenera kudziwa mukamaganiza za kukoma ndikumakhala gawo la gulu. Ndizofanana kwambiri ndi kukoma kwa flounder, koma modekha. Nyamayo ndi mafuta ochulukirapo. Chomwe kukoma kwake kumawonjezeredwa pakapangidwe ka nyamayo - pang'ono wandiweyani, pafupifupi wopanda chiyembekezo. Okonda kukoma awa adzakonda otsiriza, popanda zosokoneza zosafunikira.

Kupangidwa kwamankhwala ndi zopatsa mphamvu

Nyama ya nsomba ili ndi mapuloteni osakanikirana ndi zakudya. Pochepa, ma amino acid alipo, mavitamini ambiri. A, B, D, E, F - zonsezi zimapezeka munyama yamchere.

Mwa zinthu zomwe zaperekedwa apa:

Kafukufuku wambiri akuwonetsa kuti nyama ya nsomba iyi imapangidwa ndi mapuloteni abwino kwambiri, omwenso amamwa thupi la munthu. Kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi 10,3 magalamu. Mafuta ochepa - 5.3 magalamu, koma nyamayo ndi mafuta ochulukirapo. Kolesterol yaying'ono - 30 mg pazokwanira, kotero sipangakhale mavuto ndi mayamwidwe ake. Zopatsa mphamvu za calorie ndi 88 Kcal pa magalamu 100 a mankhwala.

Kusiyana kwa Pangasius

Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zilankhulo zam'madzi, adayamba kusinthidwa ndi pangasius. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti nsomba izi ndizofanana. Komabe, analogue ndi woimira catfish, ndipo chilankhulo chenicheni ndi mchere. Chifukwa chake, kufananitsa, kuchokera pamalingaliro awa, ndikosathandiza.

Ngakhale mabanja osiyana konse, mafayilo a oimira awiri a "ufumu" wamadzi amawoneka bwino. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogulitsa osakhulupirika. Kuphatikiza apo, pansi pa ayezi, sizingatheke kuti mumvetsetse bwino mchere weniweni womwe uli kutsogolo kwanu kapena analog river. Ntchito yotereyi ndiyovuta ngakhale kwa akatswiri. Koma pali kusiyana.

• Pangasius - amakhala m'mitsinje, kotero nyama yake imakhala ndi fungo linalake lamtsinje.
• Zigawo zamafuta zimawoneka m'mphepete mwa analog fillet; mchere ulibe izi.
• Mtundu wa chiuno cha chinthu choyambirira ndi choyera, chowoneka bwino. Pa pangasius imakhala yamdima, yokhala ndi ma toni amvi kapena opinki.
• Pakati pa fillet ya pangasius, mzere wofiirira wa pinki kuchokera kumusana umawonekera. Chilankhulo cha ku Europe chiribe.
• Makulidwe a fillet yamchere ndi ochepa.

Ubwino wakuchepera thupi

Pazakudya zochepetsa thupi, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza mchere wamchere. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zopatsa mphamvu, ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi chakudya chamagulu. Gulu la maphikidwe - kuphika mu uvuni, kuphika mu poto kapena grill, ophika pang'ono kapena wonenepa.

Chakudya chabwino kwambiri chakuchepetsa thupi ndi akatswiri chimatchedwa mchere wofinya. Kuphika molondola zikuthandizira izi Chinsinsi.

Kufotokozera kwa chilankhulo cham'madzi

Kutalika kwa lilime lam'nyanja kumafika 70 cm, ndipo kulemera kumafikira 3 kg. Nsombazi, monga ziwalo zina za banja, zimakhala ndi thupi lathyathyathya, lamtambo.

Maso ang'ono amapindika kumbali imodzi yamanja ndipo ndi oyandikana. Chifukwa cha izi, chilankhulo cham'madzi chimatha kuyikidwa m'manda mwa silt kapena mchenga.

Khungu silikulungidwa ndi miyeso yolimba komanso yaying'ono. Thupi lotsika limakhala lofiirira ndipo limatha kuyera, ndipo mbali yakumaso imakhala yotuwa. Kumbali yakumwamba ya thupi pali mawanga amdima.

Thupi limakutidwa ndi mamba ang'ono, motero nsomba zimawoneka zolimba kukhudza.

Kutalika kwa lilime la nyanja sikupita masentimita 60, koma nthawi zambiri anthu amapezeka pafupifupi 35 cm. Ngakhale pali umboni kuti toyesa-masentimita 70 adagwidwa. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakula kuposa amuna. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa chilankhulo cham'madzi kumafikira 3 kilogalamu.

Kugawana chilankhulo cham'madzi

Chilankhulo cham'madzi chimakhala m'madzi osaya a kum'mawa kwa Atlantic, amachokera ku Norway mpaka m'mphepete mwa Africa. Komanso chilankhulo cham'madzi chimakhala ku Nyanja za Mediterranean, Black ndi Baltic.

Pamatenthedwe amadzi ochepa, lilime la m'madzi limatha.

Izi nsomba ndizofala munyanja zam'malo otentha komanso zam'madzi otentha. M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba zimasamukira kwinakwake kupita kumadzi ofunda a North Sea. Chilankhulo cham'madzi chimapezeka pakuya kwa 20-150 metres, ndikupatsa makonda pansi pamatope kapena pamchenga. Amakhala m'madzi, kutentha kwake komwe kuli madigiri 8-24. Nyengo yotentha, chilankhulo cham'madzi chimapezeka m'malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndipo nthawi yozizira imakhala yakuya.

Moyo wam'madzi

Chilankhulo cha kunyanja chimakhala nthawi yayitali - ambiri, pafupifupi zaka 30. Koma popeza nsomba zimatsegulidwa m'chinenerochi, sizotheka kukumana ndi munthu wazaka zabwino kwambiri. Malingaliro akale kwambiri ogwidwa ku Germany, nsomba izi zinali zaka 40.

Dzina lamalonda lamchere waku Europe ndi "pangasius".

Nsombazi zimawonetsa ntchito usiku zokha, ndipo masana zimabisala pansi, zikudziphimba mumchenga kapena silt, pomwe maso onsewo ali pansi. Amakhala moyo wokhalitsa. Chakudyacho chimakhala ndi mphutsi za tizilombo, ma crustaceans, ma mollusks ang'onoang'ono ndi ma invertebrates osiyanasiyana.

China cha chilankhulo cham'madzi ndikutha kusintha mtundu wa thupi, zomwe zimachitika kutengera mtundu wa chilengedwe. Mtundu wa nsombazo umatha kuwonda kapena kukhala wakuda; Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe a mawanga ndi kukula kwake pamasamba akuthambalala kwa thupi.

Zilankhulo zam'madzi zimakonda kwambiri tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala pansi. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhono ndi mphutsi zimaphatikizidwa muzakudya zawo.

Chilankhulo cham'nyanja chimakhala chokha.

Kubwezeretsa kwa zilankhulo zam'madzi

Kufalikira kumachitika kuyambira mwezi wa March mpaka Meyi. Akazi amatumphukira m'madzi am'mbali mwa nyanja, pafupifupi ma 30 mamita. Mkazi m'modzi amabweretsa mazira 350,000.

Kugwedeza mphutsi kumachitika pakatha masiku 8 kuchokera pakumanga. Poyamba, mwachangu chilankhulo cham'madzi chimasambira pafupi ndi madzi, koma kenako amayamba kukhala ndi moyo wamasana. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi metamorphosis yomwe imadziwika ndi nsomba zonse. Kwa nsomba zam'madzi am'madzi, ngakhale metamorphosis ndiyofala, koma, ndizodabwitsa. Pakusintha, diso lamanzere mbali yakumanja limasunthira pang'onopang'ono nsomba. Pambuyo pakutha kwa metamorphosis, mbali yakumanzere imakhala pamimba, ndipo mbali yakumanja imakhala kumbuyo. The mwachangu amadya nauplii wa Copepods.

Nsombazi zimakhala pamtunda wa mamita 20 mpaka 85 pafupi ndi gombe lonse la Vietnam.

Kuchuluka kwa zilankhulo zam'madzi

Bungwe la Greenpeace laphatikiza zilankhulo zam'madzi mu Red Book. Mu Red Book mulibe mitundu yomwe ili pafupi kuwonongedwa, komanso mitundu yomwe imagwidwa padziko lonse lapansi mokulira, ndiye kuti pamakhala chiwopsezo chachikulu chakutulutsidwa kwawo.

Kwa ife, chilankhulo cham'madzi chimachokera ku Vietnam kokha. Kulanda kumachitika ndi mitengo ya pansi. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi matani 30,000 a zilankhulo zam'madzi zimakungwa chaka chilichonse. Pa mashelu nsomba zimatha kupezeka zatsopano, zamchere, zouma komanso kusuta. Ngati chilankhulo cham'madzi chikapitilirabe ndikugonjera kwambiri, ndiye kuti chiwerengero chake chitha kutsika kwambiri.

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