Kokonati wa kokonati amaonedwa ngati woimira kwambiri arthropods padziko lapansi ndipo, pokhala nkhanu ya hermit, ndipo osati nkhanu, ndi mtundu wa mtundu wa decapod crayfish. Maonekedwe ake ochititsa chidwi ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu amawopsa, ngakhale munthu wolimba mtima kwambiri. Kukomoka mtima ndi chilengedwe chotere, chomwe maanja ake amphamvu amatha kuthyola mafupa ang'onoang'ono, ndibwino kuti musakumane, komanso kwambiri kuti musadziwike, chifukwa paliwopseza kugwirana chanza.
Crab Crab
Malo okhala chilombo chodabwitsa choterechi chingaoneke ngati zilumba za Indian Ocean, makamaka, chisumbu cha Khrisimasi, pomwe ma arthropods awa amayimilidwa mu ndende yawo yayikulu.
Arthropod wamkulu kwambiri, nkhanu za kokonati, wakhazikika bwino ndipo akumva bwino kwambiri kumadzulo kwa zilumba za Pacific Ocean - nyanja yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, modabwitsa pamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Ziphuphu Zamakhwala a Coconut
Kukula kwapakati pa choyerekeza chosangalatsa chotere - nkhanu za coconut ndi masentimita 40 okhala ndi kulemera kwakung'ono (pafupifupi 4 makilogalamu), kutalika kwa bulawu limodzi mu mawonekedwe osakwanitsidwa kungadutse masentimita 90. Kutalika kwa moyo wa arthropod ndi pafupifupi zaka 60, ngakhale, malinga ndi asayansi, uwu ndi malo osunthika ndipo m'badwo uno, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa moyo, ungathe kupitilira chiwerengerochi. Khwawa la kokonati, lomwe kukula kwake limakwanitsa zaka 5 pofika masentimita 10 okha, ndilodziwika kwambiri pakati paokonda zosowa, ambiri otuta zodabwitsa amalota kuti atumize zomwe aphatikiza ndi chiweto chokongola chotere.
Mutu
Dzinalo ndi lat. latro limatanthawuza kuba. Zachikhalidwe Birgus choperekedwa ndi Lich posinthanitsa ndi dzinali Khansa "Khansa" yoperekedwa ndi Linnaeus. Birgus - Katundu Wachi Latin wolemba dzina lachi Greek la mtsinjewo mu malo a Ptolemy, pambuyo pake adadzatcha dzina lachi Latin kuti Barrow River ku Ireland. Komabe, sizikudziwika kuti dzina la mtsinje uliwonse limalumikizidwa bwanji ndi dzina la crustaceans.
Khungubweyu ankatchedwa "wakuba kanjedza" chifukwa m'mbuyomu adamuuza kuti amatha kudula coconuts kuchokera ku kanjedza, kuti pambuyo pake azitha kusangalala ndi mnofu wosweka. Amakhulupiriranso kuti atha kutsegula coconutyo palokha ngati apulumuka pakugwa. Zowona, wakuba wamtende sangakhale ndi mtedza mwadala - amangopeza "mabatani" otulutsidwa ndi mphepo.
Nthawi zambiri, wakuba wa kanjedza amatchedwa nkhanu molakwika.
Crab Crab: Kufotokozera
Thupi la nkhanu za coconut limakhala ndi mbali ziwiri. Yoyamba ndi cephalothorax yokhala ndi miyendo khumi, yomwe ili mbali yakutsogolo, theka lachiwiri ndi m'mimba. Kutsogolo, miyendo yayikulu kwambiri imakhala ndi zikhadabo zazikulu, pomwe bulawu lakumanzere ndilabwino kwambiri kuposa lamanja. Ma miyendo awiri otsatira, ngati nkhanu zotsalira, zamphamvu komanso zazikulu, zimatha ndi malekezero akuthwa. Chifukwa cha iwo, nkhanu zimatha kuthana mosavuta ndi malo okhala. Mawiri achinayi ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa atatu apitawo ndipo amalola ana a nkhanu zazing'ono kuti azikhazikika m'magulu a nkhonazi kapena zipolopolo za mollusk kuti azitetezedwa. Achikulire, chachiwiri chikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda ndi kukwera. Ma paws omaliza, ang'ono komanso ocheperako (komanso awiri achinayi), nthawi zambiri amabisala mkati mwa chigobacho. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amuna pofuna kukhwima, ndi akazi posamalira mazira.
Kapangidwe kake komanso kachitidwe kake
Mbala ya Palm ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zam'mlengalenga: kutalika kwa thupi kumatha kufika 40 cm, ndipo kulemera - 4 kg. Ndizovala zamiyendo yakutsogolo yakutsogolo ndikutha kupanga njira yopwanya mafupa ang'onoang'ono. Wachinayi ndipo, makamaka, miyendo yachisanu yoyenda imapangidwa moyipa kuposa enawo. Chizindikiro ichi, komanso kuthekera kopindika m'mimba, zikuwonetsa kuti akuba a mgwalangwa ndi a nkhanu, osati nkhanu zomwe zimawoneka ngati iwo.
Thumba lodziwika bwino lomwe limapangidwa bwino, komanso kusintha kwa ziwalo zosinthana ndi mpweya, zimaloleza oimira amtunduwu kukhala ndi moyo wamtunda. Mpanda wa m'mphepete mwa gill umakhala ndi tsango lomwe limatuluka, zomwe zimachulukitsa kupuma. Kwenikweni, zolakwika za mbala ya kanjedza sizipangidwa bwino.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Chithunzi: Palm Bingu
Wakuba Palmi. Malongosoledwe asayansi amapangidwa koyamba ndi K. Linnaeus mu 1767, kenako adapeza dzina lake latro. Koma dzina lake loyambirira la Cancer (Cancer) lidasinthidwa mu 1816 ndi W. Leach. Umu ndi momwe Birgus latro, yomwe idalipo mpaka nthawi yathu ino, idawonekera.
Ma arthropod oyamba adawoneka zaka pafupifupi 540 miliyoni zapitazo, pomwe Cambrian inali itangoyamba kumene. Mosiyana ndi zina zambiri, gulu la zinthu zikalengedwa pang'onopang'ono kwa nthawi yayitali litayamba kuwonekera, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yakhalabe yotsika, iwonso ndi zitsanzo za "chisinthiko chophulika".
Kanema: Palm Mbava
Chomwe chimatchedwa kuti kukula kwakuthwa kwa ophunzirawo, komwe kwa kanthawi kochepa (potsatira chisinthiko) nthawi imabweretsa mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu. Arthropods nthawi yomweyo adazindikira nyanja, ndipo madzi abwino, ndi dziko, ndi crustaceans adawonekera, omwe ali gawo laling'ono la arthropods.
Poyerekeza ndi trilobites, arthropods zasintha zingapo:
- apeza mphiri yachiwiri ya antennae, yomwe imakhalanso chogwirizira,
- miyendo yachiwiri idafupika ndi kulimba, idasandulika ma mandibles oyenera kudula chakudya,
- miyendo yachitatu ndi yachinayi, ngakhale amagwiritsabe ntchito mota wake, adasinthidwanso kuti azigwira chakudya,
- Zotayika m'makutu zidatayika,
- ntchito za mutu ndi chifuwa zimagawika,
- Popita nthawi, chifuwa ndi m'mimba zidatulukira m'thupi.
Kusintha konseku kunali ndi cholinga chothandiza kuti nyamayo isunthe kwambiri pofuna kusaka chakudya, ndibwino kuzigwira ndikuziphika. Kuchokera ku nkhokwe zakale kwambiri za nthawi ya Cambrian, zotsalira zambiri zatsalira, kenako nsomba zazinkhanira zambiri, zomwe zimaphatikizapo wakuba.
Khansa zina za nthawi imeneyo zimadziwika kale ndi mtundu wamakono wa zopatsa thanzi, ndipo mwanjira yomwe thupi lawo limapangidwira silingatchulidwe kuti ndilabwino kwambiri kuposa zamakono. Ngakhale mitundu yomwe idakhazikika papulaneti nthawiyo idatha, koma yamakono pakupanga ikufanana ndi iyo.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukonzanso kusinthika kwa ma crustaceans: munthu sangathe kudziwa momwe adapangira pang'onopang'ono nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, silinakhazikike modalirika pomwe mbala za kanjedza zidawonekera, koma nthambi yawo yosinthika imatha kuyambiranso zaka mamiliyoni ambiri, kufikira Cambria yomwe.
Chochititsa chidwi: Pali ngakhale ma crustaceans omwe angatengedwe ngati mipukutu yamoyo - zishango za Triops cancriformis zimakhala padziko lathu lapansi kwa 205-210 Ma.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Wakuba bwanji
Wakuba Palm amatanthauza nkhanu zazikulu kwambiri: zimakula mpaka 40 cm, ndipo zimalemera mpaka 3.5-4 kg. Miyendo isanu yamiyendo imamera pa cephalothorax yake. Chachikulu kuposa zina ndi chamtsogolo, chomwe chili ndi zopindika zamphamvu: ndikofunikira kuti zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana - kumanzere ndikokulirapo.
Miyendo iwiri yotsatirayi ilinso yamphamvu, chifukwa cha iwo khansa iyi imatha kukwera mitengo. Gawo lachinayi ndilopanda mulingo wofanana ndi woyamba, ndipo chachisanu ndilaling'ono kwambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, nsomba zazinkhanira zazing'ono zimatha kulowa m'makamba a anthu ena omwe amaziteteza kumbuyo.
Ziri ndendende chifukwa mbali ziwiri zomaliza za miyendo sizinakhazikike bwino kuti ndikosavuta kuzindikira kuti wakuba wamtundu wa mgwalu amatchedwa nkhanu, osati nkhanu, zomwe izi sizabwino. Koma mbali yakutsogolo imapangidwa bwino: mothandizidwa ndi zibwano pa iyo, wakuba wamkati amatha kukoka zinthu kakhumi kuposa iye, ndipo amathanso kukhala zida zowopsa.
Popeza khansayo imakhala ndi exoskeleton yopangidwa bwino ndipo imakhala ndi mapapu athunthu, imakhala pamtunda. Ndizodabwitsa kuti mapapu ake ali ndi minofu yofanana ndi ma gill, koma amamwa mpweya wofanana ndi mpweya. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi matumba, koma ndi opangika ndipo samamuloleza kuti azikhala munyanja. Ngakhale amayamba moyo wake kumeneko, koma atakula, amalephera kusambira.
Wakubala kanjedza amadziwikiritsa yekha: ali wamkulu kwambiri, zikhadabo zimatchuka kwambiri, chifukwa cha ichi khansa imawoneka ngati yayipa ndipo imawoneka kwambiri ngati nkhanu. Koma siziika pachiwopsezo kwa munthu pokhapokha ngati iye sanasankhe kuukira: ndiye kuti ndi zigalu izi mbala yamalonda imalasa mabala.
Kufuna kudziwa chilichonse
Kuwona nyama yodabwitsayi, kukomoka kulikonse kwa mtima kumangodzidzimuka ndi mantha - pambuyo pake, palibe aliyense padziko lapansi yemwe ali wosangalatsa kwambiri ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, woipa kuposa nkhanu za coconut. Mulimonsemo, pakati pa arthropods - pambuyo pake, iye amamuyenerera kukhala woimira wawo wamkulu.
Nkhanu za kokonati zili ndi "mayina" ena ambiri: mwachitsanzo, nkhanu za mbala kapena wakuba wa kanjedza - zitatha izi, nyama yodabwitsayi imabera nyama yake. Apaulendo zaka mazana angapo zapitazo omwe adachezera zilumba zomwe zidafalikira ku West Pacific ndi Indian Ocean amauza kuti nkhanu za nkhanu zimabisika kwa mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya masamba obiriwira kuti azigwira modzidzimutsa, yomwe ili pansi pa mtengo kapena pafupi Kuchokera kwa iye.
Crab crab (lat. Birgus latro) sikuti ndi nkhanu konse, ngakhale ndizofanana ndi wachibale wa arthropod wotchulidwa dzinali. Awa ndi mtundu wa crabfish wamtundu wa decapod crayfish.
Kunena zowona, ndikotheka kuyitanitsa mbala ya kanjedza kuti ikhale nyama yosanja, popeza gawo lina la moyo wake limachitika munyanjayo, ndipo ngakhale ang'onoting'ono kakang'ono amawonekera m'madzi. Makanda obadwa kumene ali ndi chifuwa cham'mimba chodzitchinjiriza chokwawa pansi mosungiramo malo akusaka nyumba yodalirika, yomwe imakhala chipolopolo cha nati ndi chipolopolo chopanda kanthu.
Mu "ubwana", birgus latro siosiyana kwambiri ndi nkhanu za hermit: imakumba chigamba kumbuyo kwake ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake yambiri m'madzi. Koma atangotuluka kumene ndipo atasiya madzi, sangathe kubwerera kumeneko, koma kwakanthawi kuti anyamule nyumba yomira. Mosiyana ndi m'mimba mwa nkhanu zam'mimba, m'mimba mwake si chidendene cha Achilles ndipo limawuma pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mchira umazungulira thupi, kuteteza thupi kuti lisadulidwe. Chifukwa cha mapapu ake apadera, imayamba kupumira m'madzi.
Zoona zake, nthano zambiri zidazindikira izi: - Azungu oyamba omwe adafika kuzilumbazi adalongosola nkhanu ngati zipatso zomwe zimabisala masamba amitengo yokhala ndi zikhadabo zazitali zomwe zidakhazikika pansi ndikulanda nyama, nkhosa ndi mbuzi. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti birgus latro ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu ndipo imatha kukweza mpaka 30 makilogalamu. Komabe, adapeza kuti nkhanuzi imagwiritsa ntchito kuthekera kwake kuti ikoke katundu munyumba kupita kumalo, amakonda kudya nyama zakufa, nkhanu ndi zipatso zakugwa.
Kodi nsomba zazinkhanira zimatha bwanji kukhalapo moyenerera m'madzi ndi pamtunda? Zapezeka kuti anzeru anzeru adawapatsa zida ziwiri zopumira nthawi imodzi: mapapu, mpweya ndi mpweya padziko lapansi, ndi ma gilo omwe amalola kupumira pansi pamadzi. Ndi nthawi yokha yomwe gawo lachiwiri limataya ntchito, ndipo akuba a kanjedza ayenera kusinthiratu ndi moyo wokhala pamtunda.
Iwo omwe akufuna kukakumana ndi chozizwitsa chotere amayenera kupita kumalo otentha - nkhanu za kokonati zimapezeka kuzilumba za Indian Ocean komanso kuzilumba zina za kumadzulo kwa Pacific. Palibe chovuta kuwaona pakuwala kwa tsiku: akuba akanjedza amakhala moyo wamadzulo, ndipo nthawi yotentha amabisala m'miyala yamiyala kapena m'miyala ya mchenga yomwe imalekeka ndi ulusi wa coconut - izi zimathandizira kuti chinyontho chizikhala chinyumba.
Ndipo ngakhale mtundu womwe khansa imatha kuwononga coconut ndi mapiko ake amtsogolo walephera momveka bwino, miyendo yake imapangidwa mokwanira kuti ikwere mtengo wa mgwalangwa nimbly kapena kuluma chala chala. Khansa sikuti imakondwera ndi coconuts: mnofu wopatsa thanzi ndiye chakudya chachikulu pachakudya chake, chomwe chimatipatsa dzina la "coconut".
Nthawi zina kudya kwa nsomba zazinkhanira kumalemera ndi zipatso za afisi, ndipo malinga ndi zomwe ena amati, akuba akanjedza amadya mtundu wawo. Korani wanjala mosazindikira amapeza "malo odyera" apafupi: mawonekedwe okongoletsawa amakhala ngati oyenda mkati, omwe amabweretsa ku gwero la chakudya, ngakhale ali mtunda wautali.
Pankhani ya "akuba" a khansa, ichi ndi chifukwa chakufuna kwawo kosaneneka komwe kungatenge zinthu zonse kuchokera pagulu la zomwe zili zabwinobwino - zosatheka.
Nyama ya nkhanu zamkaka sizimangokhala zokha zokha, komanso za aphrodisiacs, chifukwa chake, ma arthropod amasakidwa mwachangu. Pofuna kuti asatheretu, mayiko ena amaletsa mwamphamvu kugwidwa kwa nkhanu za kokonati.
Thupi la nkhanu za coconut, monga ma decapods onse, limagawidwa mbali yakutsogolo (cephalothorax), pomwe pali miyendo 10, ndi m'mimba. Miyendo yakutsogolo, yayikulu kwambiri imakhala ndi zikhadabo zazikulu (zikhadabo), ndipo khala lamanzere ndilokulirapo kuposa lamanja. Magawo awiri otsatira, monga maimetimidwe ena, akuluakulu, amphamvu ndi malema, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nkhanu za kokonati kuyenda pamtunda kapena pang'onopang'ono. Ma miyendo achinayi ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa atatu oyambayo, omwe amalola ana a kokonati achichepere kuti azikhazikika mumagulu a nkhono kapena zipolopolo za kokonati, kuti ateteze. Akuluakulu amagwiritsa ntchito izi poyenda ndikukwera. Nyama yotsirizirayi, yomwe ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, yomwe nthawi zambiri imabisala mkati mwa chigobacho, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akazi kusamalira mazira, ndi amuna kukwatirana.
Kupatula gawo la masikululi, nkhanu za kokonati sizimatha kusambira, ndipo zimira ngati zimakhala m'madzi kwa ola lopitilira. Pakupuma, amagwiritsa ntchito gawo lapadera lotchedwa mapapu a gill. Chiwalochi chimatha kutanthauzidwa ngati gawo la chitukuko pakati pa gill ndi mapapu, ndipo ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakusintha nkhanu za kokonati momwe zimakhalira. Mapapu a gill ali ndi minyewa yofanana ndi yomwe imapezeka m'matumbo, koma ndi oyenera kuyamwa mpweya kuchokera kumweya, osati kumadzi.
Crab coconut ali ndi malingaliro opanga bwino a fungo, omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito posaka chakudya. Monga nkhanu zambiri zomwe zimakhala m'madzi, zimakhala ndi ziwalo zapadera zomwe zimayang'ana kununkhira komanso komwe kununkhira.
Masana, ma arthropod amataswa mumiyala kapena m'miyala yamiyala yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi ulusi wa coconut kapena masamba kuti chinyontho chinyuke. Ikapumira mu dzenje lake, nkhanu za kokonati zimatseka khomo ndi chofunda chimodzi kuti chisagwire pang'onopang'ono mdzenje, lomwe limafunikira kuti ziwalo zake zikupuma.
Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, nkhanu izi zimadya nkhanu za coconut, ndipo zimatha kukwera mtengo wa kanjedza wa coconut, mpaka 6 metres, pomwe zimakhomera coconuts ndi zibwano zamphamvu ngati sizikupezeka kale pansi. Ngati coconut wakugwayo sakusweka nthawi ya kugwa, nkhanuyo imazidula kwa sabata limodzi, kapenanso awiri, mpaka ifike pamkaka wa zipatso.Ngati wogwira ntchito wokondweretsa uyu asokoneza nkhanu, amadzaza kokonati pamtengo ndikuyigwetsera pansi kuti athandizire ntchito yake. Kupita pansi, nthawi zina imagwa, koma popanda kutayika kwaumoyo imatha kupirira kugwa kuchokera kutalika kwa 4, 5 metres. Nkhanu zamakoko sizingakane zipatso zina, akamba obwera kumene ndi zovunda. Anawonekeranso akugwira ndi kudya makoswe aku Polynesia.
Dzina lake lina ndi wakuba mgwalangwa, adalandira chifukwa chokonda zonse zaluso. Ngati nkhanu, supuni, foloko, kapena chinthu china chonyezimira chitalowa m'njira ya nkhanu, onetsetsani kuti iyesa kukukokerani m'dzenje lake.
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, akuba a mgwalangwa amayamba nyengo yoweta. Kuchita chibwenzi kumatenga nthawi yayitali komanso kotopetsa, koma kutsimikizira kumachitika pakokha. Yaikazi imanyamula mazira okhathamiritsidwa kwa miyezi ingapo pamunsi pamimba. Mazira akonzeka kukwatana, njirayo imatsikira m'mphepete mwa nyanjayo pamafunde ataliitali ndikutulutsa mphuthuzo m'madzi. Pakupita milungu itatu kapena inayi, mphutsi zoyandama m'madzi zimadutsa pang'ono. Pambuyo pa masiku 25 - 30, nkhanu zazing'ono kale zimira pansi, khalani pamagoboloni a gastropods, ndikukonzekera kusunthira pansi. Pakadali pano, ana nthawi zina amayendera malo, kenako pang'onopang'ono kulephera kupuma pansi pamadzi, amapita kumalo okhala. Khwawa la kokonati limatha kutha msinkhu pafupifupi zaka zisanu pambuyo pomenyedwa, koma kufikira kukula kwawo pomatha zaka 40 zokha.
Mbala za Palmi zimakhala kumadera otentha, kuzilumba za Indian ndi Pacific Ocean. Chilumba cha Khrisimasi ku Indian Ocean chili ndi unyinji waukulu kwambiri wa nkhanu padziko lapansi.
Asayansi a ku Sweden ndi ku Australia atsimikizira zowona zenizeni zonse zonena za nkhanu za kokonati. Chifukwa chake, anthu okhala kuzilumba za Pacific akuti amati pamakilomita angapo amatha kununkhira, mwachitsanzo, nyama kapena zipatso zakupsa. Inde, nyambo zapadera zofesedwa ndi ofufuza zidakopa chidwi cha nkhanu za mbala, pomwe zidanyoza nyama zomwe zimakonda kugwidwa nthawi yomweyo.
Ntchito ya woyang'anira saiziyo, siyabwino ndipo ndi yothandiza, popeza cholengedwa cha birgus latro nthawi zambiri imakhala yozizira kwambiri komanso siubwenzi, pakupunthwa pa izo, anthu akumaloko sachita chidwi kwambiri. Kuchepa kwa ziwerengero zake kunakakamiza oyang'anira boma kuti akhazikitse malire a birgus latro. Ku Papua New Guinea, ndizoletsedwa kuti ziziphatikizanso pamankhwala odyera; pachilumba cha Saipan - kugwira nkhanu ndi chipolopolo chotsika masentimita 3.5, komanso kuyambira Juni mpaka Seputembala, nthawi yakubzala.
Pamtunda wamiyala ya gill, galo lankhanzalo limatulutsa timiyendo tating'ono tomwe timayikidwa magazi. Awa ndi mapapu enieni kulola kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya kumazadza mpweya wabwino. Mapapu amakhala ndi mpweya chifukwa cha mayendedwe a scaphognathitis, komanso chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa nyama kukweza ndikutsitsa carapace nthawi ndi nthawi, yomwe minofu yapadera imatumikira.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti nthawi yomweyo mapilitsi, komabe, ndi ochepa kukula. Kuchotsa matendawa sikunawononge kupuma konse, mbali inayi, khansayo idalephereranso kupumira m'madzi. Wakuba wam'madzi yemwe adamizidwa m'madzi adamwalira atatha maola 4. Zipilalazo zotsalira sizikuwoneka kuti zikugwira ntchito. Wakuba amasala kukumba mabowo osaya m'nthaka, omwe amamangiriridwa ndi ulusi wa coconut. Charles Darwin akuti nzika za zisumbu zina zimasankha kuchokera ku zibowo za wakuba wa kanjedza izi ulusi womwe umafuna mu famu yawo yosavuta. Nthawi zina wakuba wamtende amakhutira ndi malo obisalamo - mwala m'miyala, m'miyala m'matope oyala, koma ngakhale m'malo otero amagwiritsa ntchito chomera kuti aziwaphimba, posunga chinyontho kwambiri m'nyumba.
Kodi wakuba wa kanjedza amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Chithunzi cha Crab Palm
Mitundu yawo ndi yotakata, koma nthawi yomweyo amakhala kwambiri pazilumba zazing'ono. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale adabalalika kuchokera pagombe la Africa kumadzulo ndipo pafupifupi njira yonse yaku South America kummawa, malo omwe angakhalepo siabwino kwambiri.
Zilumba zazikulu komwe mungakumane ndi mbala yamanja:
Chilumba Chaching'ono cha Khrisimasi chimadziwika kuti ndi malo omwe amapezeka ndi nsomba zazinkhanira kuposa izi: zimapezeka komweko. Monga momwe tikuwonera pamndandanda wonsewo, amakonda zilumba zotentha, ndipo ngakhale madera otentha sapezeka.
Ngakhale amakhala pazilumba zazikulu, nawonso - ngati Hainan kapena Sulawesi, amakonda mitundu yaying'ono yomwe ili pafupi ndi yayikulu. Mwachitsanzo, ku New Guinea, ngati angathe kukumana, ndizosowa kwambiri, koma pazilumba zazing'ono zomwe zili kumpoto kwake - nthawi zambiri. Chimodzimodzi ndi Madagascar.
Nthawi zambiri sakonda kukhala pafupi ndi anthu, ndipo chilumbachi chikakula kwambiri, akuba ochepa ma kanjedza amakhalabe pomwepo. Zing'ono zazing'ono, makamaka zopanda anthu, ndizoyenera kwambiri. Amapanga mabowo awo pafupi ndi gombe, m'miyala yamiyala yamiyala kapena m'miyala.
Chosangalatsa: Nthawi zambiri nsomba zamtchire izi zimatchedwa nkhanu za kokonati. Dzinali linabwera chifukwa anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti amakwera mitengo ya kanjedza kuti akamadula kokonati ndi kudya. Koma sizili choncho: amangoyang'ana ma coconuts omwe agwa kale.
Zomwe wakuba wamkati amadya
Chithunzi: Wakuba Palmu
Zakudya zake ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zimaphatikizira zonse zomera ndi zinthu zamoyo, ndi carrion.
Nthawi zambiri amadya:
- nkhani za coconut
- zipatso za pandanus
- otchera
- zirombo
- makoswe ndi nyama zina zazing'ono.
Samasamala zomwe zimachokera kuzamoyo - zikadakhala kuti zidalibe poizoni. Amagwira nyama yaying'ono yomwe siyothamanga kuti isiyane, osasamala kuti asagwere. Ngakhale kumverera kwakukulu komwe kumamuthandiza kusaka ndi lingaliro la kununkhiza.
Amatha kununkhira nyama kutali kwambiri, mpaka ma kilomita angapo pazinthu zabwino komanso zopatsa - kwa iye, zipatso ndi nyama. Anthu okhala kuzilumba zotentha atauza asayansi za kununkhira kwa nsomba zamtchirezi, adakhulupirira kuti ndizokokomeza, koma kuyesa kunatsimikizira izi: nyambo zimakopa chidwi cha akuba a kanjedza mtunda wamakilomita, ndipo adawafunafuna mosazindikira!
Omwe ali ndi fungo labwino ngati awa samawopsezedwa ndi njala, makamaka popeza mbala ya kokonati siyokota, akhoza kudya osati zovomerezeka zokha, komanso zotsekemera, ndiye kuti, zotsalira zazitali komanso zopindika zosiyanasiyana. Komabe mumakonda kudya coconuts. Amapeza omwe adagwa ndipo ngati ali ogawanika pang'ono, amayesa kuthana ndi mikwingwirima, yomwe nthawi zina imatenga nthawi yambiri. Sitingathe kuthyola zipolopolo zonse za kokonati ndi zibwano - tinkakhulupirira kale kuti atha, koma zambiri sizinatsimikizidwe.
Nthawi zambiri kokerani chakudyacho pafupi ndi chisa kuti muthyole chipolopolo kapena kumaliza kudya nthawi ina. Kulera coconut sikovuta kwa iwo, amatha kunyamula ma kilogalamu angapo. Anthu a ku Europe atawaona koyamba, anachita chidwi kwambiri ndi zibangili mpaka ananena kuti akuba akanjedza amatha kusaka mbuzi ndi nkhosa. Izi sizowona, koma amatha kugwira mbalame ndi abuluzi bwino. Komanso idyani akambuku ndi mbewa zongobadwa kumene. Ngakhale nthawi zambiri samakonda kuchita izi, koma kudya zomwe zikupezeka motere: zipatso zakupsa ndi zonunkhira zomwe zagwera pansi.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Cancer Palm Mbava
Simungathe kuwaona masana, chifukwa amapita kukasaka chakudya usiku. Mwakuwala kwamdzuwa amakonda kukhala m'malo obisalirako. Imatha kukhala dzenje lomwe lakumbidwa ndi nyamayo, kapena pobisalira mwachilengedwe. Nyumba zawo ndizolocha ndi ubweya wa kokonati ndi zinthu zina zomera, zomwe zimatha kusunga chinyezi chachikulu chomwe amafunikira kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino. Khansa imaphimba khomo lanyumba yake ndizovala, ndikofunikanso kuti ikhale yonyowa.
Ngakhale amakonda chinyontho chotere, sakhala m'madzi, ngakhale amayesa kukhazikika pafupi. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kufikira m'mphepete mwake ndikunyowa pang'ono. Mbedza zazing'ono zimakhazikika m'makhola osiyidwa ndi ena, koma zimamera kuchokera kwina ndipo sizigwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Nthawi zambiri mbala za kanjedza zimakwera mitengo. Amachita izi mosasamala, mothandizidwa ndi manja ndi miyendo yachiwiri ndi yachitatu, koma nthawi zina amatha kugwa - komabe, kwa iwo ndizabwino, amatha kugwa mosavuta kuchokera kutalika kwa mita 5. Ngati asunthira kumbuyo, natsika pamitengo ndi mitu yawo patsogolo.
Amakhala usiku wonse pansi, kudya nyama yomwe yapezeka, osasaka nthawi zambiri, kapena pafupi ndi madzi, ndipo kumapeto kwa m'mawa komanso m'mawa amapezeka m'mitengo - pazifukwa zina amakonda kukwera kumeneko. Amakhala nthawi yayitali: amatha kubereka mpaka zaka 40, kenako sadzafa nthawi imodzi - anthu omwe amafika zaka 60 amadziwika.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Chithunzi cha Crab Palm
Mbala za Palmi zimangokhala zokha ndipo zimangopezeka nthawi yakubzala: zimayamba mu Juni ndikutha mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Atakhala pachibwenzi kwa nthawi yayitali, wankhanu wankhwawa. Miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake, wamkazi amadikirira nyengo yabwino ndikupita kunyanja. M'madzi osaya, amalowa m'madzi ndikutulutsa mazira. Nthawi zina madzi amatenga ndi kunyamula; nthawi zina, zazikazi zimadikira kwa nthawi yayitali m'madzi mpaka pomwe mphutsi zimaswa mazira. Nthawi yomweyo, sipita patali, chifukwa ngati funde limatenga, ndiye kuti limangofera munyanja.
Kuchenjeza kwamtambo kumachitika kwambiri kuti mazira asabwerere kumtunda komwe mphutsi zidzafere. Zonse zikayenda bwino, mphutsi zambiri zimawonekabe, osawoneka ngati wakuba wachikulire wamanja. Masabata atatu otsatira, amayandama pamadzi, ndikukula ndikuwasintha. Pambuyo pake, akhwawa ang'onoang'ono amira pansi pa chosungira ndikuwombera pamenepo kwakanthawi, kuyesera kudzipezera nyumba. Izi zitha kuchitika mwachangu, mwayi wokulirapo, chifukwa sanateteze kwathunthu, makamaka m'mimba mwawo.
Chipolopolo chopanda kanthu kapena chipolopolo kuchokera ku nati yaying'ono imatha kukhala nyumba. Pakadali pano, ali ofanana kwambiri ndi mamba akudya pamaonekedwe ndi kakhalidwe, amakhala m'madzi nthawi zonse. Koma mapapu amakula pang'onopang'ono, kotero kuti pakapita nthawi, ana a crayfish amapita kumtunda - ena kale, ena pambuyo pake. Kumeneko, amapezanso poyambira, koma nthawi yomweyo pamimba zawo zimayamba kuvuta, kotero kuti pakapita nthawi zimasowa, ndipo amazitaya.
Akamakula, amapera msanga - amapanga exoskeleton yatsopano, ndipo amadya yakale. Chifukwa chakutha kwa nthawi, amasinthira khansa zachikulire, akusintha kwambiri. Kukula kumayenda pang'onopang'ono: Ndi pofika zaka 5 zokha zomwe amatha kutha msinkhu, ndipo ngakhale pofika m'badwo uwu akadali ocheperako - pafupifupi 10 cm.
Adani achilengedwe achifwamba
Chithunzi: Palm Bingu
Palibe nyama zilizonse zodya nyama zomwe zimaba. Ndiwambiri kwambiri, otetezedwa komanso amatha kukhala owopsa kuwasaka nthawi zonse. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti sizikhala pachiwopsezo: zazikulu ngati-ndipo nthawi zambiri, mbalame zimatha kuzigwira ndikudya.
Koma ndi mbalame yayikulu yokha yomwe imatha kupha khansa yotere, kutali ndi chisumbu chilichonse chotentha komwe kuli. Kwenikweni, amawopseza ngakhale achichepere omwe sanakule mpaka kukula kwakukulu - osaposa masentimita 15. mbalame zotere zomwe zimadya monga kestrel, kite, chiwombankhanga ndi zina zotero zimatha kuzigwira.
Pali zowopsa zambiri ku mphutsi: zimatha kukhala chakudya cha nyama iliyonse yam'madzi yomwe imadya pa plankton. Izi makamaka ndi nsomba zam'madzi ndi zam'madzi. Amadya mphutsi zambiri, ndipo ochepa okha ndi omwe amapulumuka pamtunda.
Tisaiwale za mwamunayo: ngakhale mbala za kanjedza zimayesetsa kukhazikika pachilumbacho kukhala opanda phe komanso opanda anthu momwe zingathere, nthawi zambiri amakhala ozunza anthu. Onse chifukwa cha nyama yawo yokoma, ndipo kukula kwake sikusewera mokomera iwo: amazindikira mosavuta, ndipo kugwirana ndi khansa imodzi ndikosavuta kuposa ndi ang'onoang'ono khumi ndi awiri.
Chosangalatsa: Khansa iyi imadziwika kuti ndi wakuba mgwalangwa chifukwa imakonda kukhala pam kanjedza ndikubera chilichonse chosaka. Ngati tebulo, miyala yamtengo wapatali, komanso zitsulo zilizonse zimabwera m'maso mwake, khansayo amayesadi kupita nayo kunyumba kwake.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Wakuba bwanji
Ndi nthumwi zingati zamtunduwu zomwe zimapezeka m'chilengedwe sizinakhazikitsidwe chifukwa zimakhala m'malo opanda anthu. Chifukwa chake, sanaphatikizidwe pamndandanda wa mitundu yachilendo, komabe, m'magawo momwe zowerengera zimachitidwira, pakhala kutsika kowopsa kwa ziwerengero zawo zaka zana zapitazo.
Cholinga chachikulu cha izi ndi kugwidwa mwachangu kwa ma khansa awa. Osati zokhazo, nyama yawo imakhala yosangalatsa, komanso yotsika mtengo - akuba akanjedza amalawa ngati nkhanu, Komanso, imawonedwanso kuti aphrodisiac, yomwe imapangitsa kufunika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, m'maiko ambiri ziletso zimakhazikitsidwa pazopanga kapena kuletsa kugwidwa zimakhazikitsidwa konse. Chifukwa chake, ngati m'mbuyomu mbale za khansa imeneyi zidali zotchuka kwambiri ku New Guinea, posachedwa zakhala zoletsedwa kuti zizipezeka m'malo odyera komanso malo odyera. Zotsatira zake, misika yina yofunika kwambiri yogulitsa osuta idatayika, ngakhale kuti malonda akunja akupitilizabe, chifukwa pali ntchito yoletsa.
M'mayiko ena ndi madera ena, oletsedwa kugwira nsomba zazing'onozing'ono: mwachitsanzo, ku North Mariana Islands amaloledwa kugwira okhawo omwe amaposa 76 mm, ndipo amangoyesedwa kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Novembala. Panyengo yonseyi, pansi pa layisensi imodzi, mutha kupeza zopanda njoka zoposa 15. Ku Guam ndi Micronesia, pansi zoletsedwa kugwira akazi oyembekezera, ku Tuvalu kuli magawo omwe kupanga amaloledwa (ndi zoletsa), koma pali zoletsedwa. Zoletsa zofananazi zimagwiranso ntchito m'malo ena ambiri.
Njira zonsezi zimapangidwa kuti mbala zamanja zisathe. Ndili koyambilira kwambiri kuweruza kugwira ntchito kwawo, chifukwa m'maiko ambiri agwira ntchito osaposa zaka 10 - 20, koma maziko ofananitsa ndikusankha njira yabwino yamtsogolo, chifukwa cha njira zingapo zoyendetsera malamulo m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndizochulukirapo. Nsomba zazinkhanira zazikuluzi zimafunikira kutetezedwa, apo ayi anthu atha kuzifafanizira. Zachidziwikire, pali njira zina zomwe zikuchitidwa, koma sizikudziwikabe ngati zili zokwanira kusunga mawonekedwe. Pazilumba zina komwe wakuba Zakhala zikufala, sizipezekanso - izi sizingowopsa koma zowopsa.
Maonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Coconut Crab ali ndi mayina angapo. Ena mwa iwo ali ndi moyo wake: mbala, wakuba. Wakuba, wakuba sikuti amangokhala dzina la nkhanu zokha, koma amakhalanso ndi chikhalidwe chake, chifukwa nkhanu zili ndi chizolowezi chakuba zinthu zawo.
Akuluakulu aomwe akuyenda omwe anali pachilumba cha Pacific ndi Indian Oceans adanenanso zinthu zosangalatsa momwe mbala imabisala pamalo obiriwira, imadziwa kudzisintha kuti ngakhale ikhale ndi chikhumbo chachikulu kuti chisamuwone.
Coconut Crimbing Palm Tree for Coconuts
Pomwe nyama yomwe akuyembekezerayo ikuwonekera, nkhanuyo imayiyendetsa bwino nthawi yomweyo. Ofufuza ndi asayansi atsimikizira kuti nkhanu mbala Ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu ndipo imakweza mpaka ma kilogalamu 30, ngakhale mbuzi ndi nkhosa zimatha kukhala zochuluka. Nkhanu imagwiritsa ntchito luso lake kukoka nyama kuchokera kumalo kupita kumalo.
M'malo mwake, nkhanu za kokoKuyitanitsa nkhanu za mbala kumakhalanso kovuta, chifukwa nthawi yayitali ya moyo wake imachitika m'madzi am'madzi, ndipo mawonekedwe a makanda amapezeka m'madzi.
Ana omwe amabadwa amakhala ndi chifuwa cham'mimba chofewa komanso chosatetezeka ndipo kumapeto kwa posungira, kukwawa, kufunafuna nyumba yodalirika. Nyumba yawo ikhoza kukhala chipolopolo chopanda kanthu kapena chipolopolo.
Kufotokozera kwa nkhanu za coconut kumatsimikizira kuti zikaonekera, nkhanu ndizofanana ndi nkhanu za hermit. Amakhala nthawi yonse padziwe ndipo amadzibisa. Koma akasiya dziwe kamodzi, sabwereranso kumeneko ndipo pakangopita nthawi yochepa amachotsa kumira.
Mimba ya nkhanu imayamba kulimba, ndipo mchira wopindika umabisala pansi pa thupi, womwe umateteza thupi kuti lisadulidwe. Mapapu apadera a arthropod amalola kupuma popanda madzi atangokhala nkhwangwa pamtunda.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Ngati mukufuna kuwona chozizwitsa chozizwitsa chotere, muyenera kupita kumalo otentha. Coconut Crab Dwells kuzilumba za Indian ndi Pacific Oceans. Mbala za Palmu ndizoyala usiku, motero ndizosatheka kuwaona masana.
Masana, nkhanu zimapezeka m'mapiri amchenga kapena miyala yamwala, yomwe imakutidwa ndi ulusi wochokera ku coconuts, womwe umasunga chinyontho chofunikira m'nyumba yawo. Nthawi yopuma ikafika, nkhanu za kokonati zimatseka bulangeti ndi khomo lanyumba yanu. Izi zimasunga malo abwino kwa wakuba wamkati.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Dzina la nkhanu limatsimikizira kuti amadya coconuts. Kukula kwa nkhanu amuloleza kuti agonjetse kanjedza yamtali wa mita 6. Ndi nthata zake, khansa imatulutsa kokonati mosavuta, zomwe, zikagwa, zimasweka. Kenako khansa imayamba pamkati pa nati. Ngati mtedzawu sutha posakhalitsa, khansayo mopitilira imayesa kumuphwanya pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana.
Nthawi zina njirayi imachedwa kwa masiku angapo ngakhale milungu ingapo. Ena chithunzi cha nkhanu za kokonati onetsetsani kuti zokonda mu zakudya ndi mtundu wawo, nyama zakufa ndi zipatso zakugwa. Kununkhira kwa anthu okhala mgwalangwa kumathandizira kuti asakhale ndi njala komanso kumabweretsa magwero a chakudya ngakhale makilomita ambiri.
Korona wowopsa kapena wopanda nkhanu chifukwa chilengedwe ndi malo osangalatsa. Mafani ambiri amasewera opitilira muyeso saona zoopsa m'mayikowo, koma mu 90% kuwoneka kwa nkhanu kale kumakuwopetsani ndipo kumakupangitsani kuti muyambe.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Nthawi zina pakupanga akuba a arthropod, ndi nthawi yachilimwe. Chibwenzi chimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kudzikwaniritsa. Yaikazi imanyamula ana m'mimba kuchokera kunsi. Nthawi yakubadwa kwa ana ikafika, wamkazi amatulutsa mphutsi zake m'madzi am'nyanja.
Kuyambira milungu iwiri kapena inayi yayitali, mphutsi zimadutsa magawo a kukula ndi kukula kwawo. Ziphuphu sizidzaza kale kuposa tsiku la twente-faifi, nthawi zina limachedwetsedwa masiku ena khumi. Pakadali pano, akufunafuna pobisalira pamadzi ogwedezeka ngati chipolopolo chopanda chipolopolo.
Paubwana, nkhanu za kokonati zimakonzekera moyo padziko lapansi ndipo nthawi zina zimapita. Popeza asamukira kudera louma, nkhanu sizimaponyera chipolopolo kumbuyo kwawo, ndipo zimafanana ndi nkhanu pakuwoneka. Amakhalabe ndi chipolopolo mpaka pamimba chikuuma.
Mimba ikakhala yolimba, nkhanu yaying'ono imayamba kusungunuka. Pakadali pano, nkhanu imanena mobwerezabwereza ku carapace yake. Pamapeto pa mwana wakhanda, nkhanu imakhomera mchira wake pamimba, potero imadziteteza kuti isavulale.
Mbala za Palmu zimakhwima zaka zisanu zitamera. Kukula kwakukulu kwa nkhanu kumakhala pafupifupi zaka makumi anayi za moyo. Mtengo wa nkhanu za kokonati unakhalapo kalekale ndipo udasungidwa mpaka pano. Chilombo chapadera chotere chimasakidwa ndi akazi ndi amuna.
Ndibwinobwino kapena nkhanu za kokonati, simuyenera kuganiza. Nyama yake ndi chakudya chosowa kwambiri, ndipo aliyense amalota kuti azitha kudya chakudya chokoma komanso chopatsa thanzi. Kukoma kwa nyama ndikofanana ndi nyama ya nkhanu, nkhanu zam'madzi komanso kuphika, sizimasiyana.
Koma kupatula nyama, nkhanu za coconut zimayamikiridwanso ndi aphrodisiac, yemwe m'thupi la munthu amakhala ndi vuto lofuna kugonana. Izi zimatsogolera kusaka kwachangu kwa nkhanu za kokonati. Kuchepetsa kwambiri nkhanu kunachititsa akuluakulu aboma kukhazikitsa malire pa nkhanu za coconut.
Pazakudya zam'malo odyera simupeza mbale yochokera ku wakuba wamtundu ku Guinea, popeza izi ndizoletsedwa. Pachilumba cha Saipan, kunali koletsedwa kugwira akuba okhala ndi zipolopolo, omwe kukula kwake sikofika masentimita 3.5. Komanso nthawi yakuswana, kusaka nkhanu za kokonati ndizoletsedwa.
Kodi chilombo cha crustacean chimakhala kuti?
Kakhalidwe ka nkhanu za coconut kumawuma pokhapokha; munthu wamkulu sangakhale m'madzi chifukwa choti mapapu a gill (mtanda pakati pa mapira ndi mapapu) amasinthika kuti apumire ndi mpweya wapansi, ngakhale kuti minofu yomwe ilipo mu chiwalo chopumira choterechi makutu. M'malo mwake, kuthekera kopezeka m'magawo awiri (am'madzi ndi apadziko lapansi) kumakhalapo koyambirira kwa moyo wa nkhanu; munthu akamakula, munthu wotere amasinthira moyo wamtunda. Kuphatikiza apo, ma arthropod awa sadziwa kusambira, ndipo ngati ali m'madzi kwa ola lopitilira adzaponyedwa pansi. Kusiyana ndi momwe zinthu zimakhalira ngati nkhanu za coconut zidakali mu gawo lazous, pamenepa malo am'nyanja ndi ake.
Makhalidwe A nkhanu
Kukumana ndi nkhanu za nkhanu masana sikophweka, chifukwa zimakonda kukhala ndi moyo wausiku, kubisala mu nthawi yotentha m'makola amchenga, m'miyala yamiyala yamiyala ya coral kapena pamiyala yamiyala, yomwe pansi pake imakhala ndi masamba ndi ulusi kuchokera ku coconuts. Izi zimachitika ndi wakuba kokonati - "Crab ndi capital capital" kuti asunge chinyontho chokwanira m'nyumba mwake.
Kutulutsa Kokedwe ka Coconut
Kuchokera pakuwona kwa azungu oyamba omwe adafika kuzilumba za nkhanu za nkhanu, iwo omaliza adawoneka ngati cholengedwa chokhala ndi zikhadabo zazitali, atabisala masamba obiriwira a mitengo ya kanjedza ndipo mwadzidzidzi adalanda nyama yomwe inkadutsa kapena pansi pa mtengo, pomwe panali ngakhale mbuzi ndi nkhosa. Inde, nkhanu za kanjedza za coconut ndizoyimira zazikulu kwambiri za decapod crayfish, zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri ndipo zimatha kukweza katundu pafupifupi 30 kg. Kukula kwakukulu, luso ili limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nkhanu kukoka nyama malo ndi malo, ndipo mu chakudyacho amakonda nyama zakufa, nkhanu (kumene, zazing'ono kwambiri kuposa iye), akambuku ang'ono ndi zipatso zakugwa, makamaka, zipatso za pandanus ndi zomwe zili mumtedza wanthonje mitengo ya kanjedza. Komanso akuba a mgwalangwa (dzina lachiwiri la nkhanu za kokonati) adakakamizidwa kuti agwire ndikudya makoswe a ku Polynesia ndi zitini zotayira, komwe akufunafuna "yummy" yamtundu wina. Komanso, kukhalapo kwa anthu sikuti ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri choti nkhanu za kanjedza zingawope.
Zochititsa chidwi ndi nkhanu za coconut
Chifukwa cha ziwalo zapadera zopezeka pa antennas zomwe zimazindikira komwe kununkhira ndi komwe zimayambira, nkhanu za coconut, mosiyana ndi abale ake a crustacean, zimatha kununkhiza. Monga nkhanu iliyonse, imakhala ndi ma tactile receptors: a kutalika kosiyanasiyana, tsitsi ndi bristles. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi ziwalo zolakwika, zomwe abale ake ena amalandidwa. Kukhalapo kwawo kumachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe enieni akukhazikitsidwa kwa mbala ya kanjedza, yomwe panthawi ina sakanakhalapo m'madzi ndikusunthira ndikukakhala pamtunda. Pokhala ndi njala, amva nyama yake ngakhale ali pa mtunda wa makilomita angapo.
"Mbala Ya Palm" - dzina lachiwiri linaperekedwa kwa nkhanu za kokonati chifukwa chokonda zinthu zonse zaluso. Ngati chilichonse chonyezimira (kukhala supuni, foloko, zida zamagetsi, ziwiya zanyumba kapena china chowoneka bwino) chikakumana ndi njira ya arthropod, nkhanuyo siyidzayambiranso ndipo ingapindule ndi zomwe idapeza (ngakhale zitakhala kuti sizingatheke), khola la crab.
Njira Zosamalira Crab Coconut
Ndikufuna kulankhula za chifukwa chomwe nkhanu za coconut zimayamikiridwa. Chithunzi cha chilombo chotere chomwe chili ndi zikhadabo zazikulu sichimapangitsa kuti azimumvera chisoni.
Zakudya zachikhalidwe kwambiri kuzilumbazi ndi nkhanu za kokonati zomwe zimaphikidwa ndi msuzi wa mkaka wa kokonati kapena kuwiritsa mumkaka wotere kwa ola limodzi. Mwa njira, ku Guinea, kuti apulumutse kuchuluka kwa nkhanu za kokonati, izi ndizoletsedwa kuti ziziphatikizidwa muzakudya.
M'mayiko ena, malamulo okhwima amayikidwa kuti agwire nkhanu za coconut kuti zisawonongeke. Chifukwa chake, pachilumba cha Saipan, chiletso chinaletsedwa kugwira nkhanu munyengo yobereka komanso kwa anthu omwe kukula kwake kwa carapace ndi kosakwana masentimita 3.5.
Coconut Crab Tricks
Ngakhale, chifukwa chofuna kudziwa chidwi, zimasangalatsabe momwe amapangira milili yayikulu, yowopsa? M'malo otentha a Mariana Islands, amakumanamo misampha ya coconut, yomwe amazipangiramo kokonati. Nyambo zotere zimasiyidwa kwa masiku angapo kuti “zibalike” zofunika kuti nkhanu zizinunkhira chakudya chomwe adakonzekera. Msampha suyenera kubisikanso, umangofunika kumangirizidwa pamtengo wina kuti nkhanu sizingakokere nkhokwe yake m'njira yosadziwika.
Kuswana kwakuba mbala
Kuyambira koyambirira kwa Juni mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, akuba a kanjedza ayamba kuchuluka. Kuchita zibwenzi kumatenga nthawi yayitali mokwanira, pomwe kukhwima kumachitika nthawi zambiri mwachangu. Kwa miyezi ingapo, zazikazi zimaswana mazira m'mimba yam'mimba, ndipo nthawi yakumaswa, nkhanu zazikazi zimatulutsa mphutsi m'madzi am'madzi nthawi yayitali. Pakupita milungu itatu kapena inayi, mphutsi zoyandama m'madzi zimadutsa pang'ono. Pambuyo pa masiku 25-30, nkhanu zodzaza zonse zimira pansi, pomwe zimakhazikika pazigoba za gastropods kapena pang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kukonzekera kusamukira kumtunda, womwe umayenderedwa nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kodi kukula kwa nkhanu zazing'ono kumakhala bwanji
Munthawi imeneyi, chipolopolo chakumbuyo, nkhanu ndizofanana kwambiri ndi nkhanuzo ndikunyamula nyumbayo mpaka pamimba imayamba kuuma pang'onopang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, popanga nkhanu zazing'ono, nthawi yosungunula imachitika nthawi yomwe arthropod imatsitsa mobwerezabwereza.
Khwawa la coconut limakhwima pafupifupi zaka 5 pambuyo pogwirirana, kufikira size 40 pazaka 40.
Habitat
Wakubala kanjedza alinso ndi mayina osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo: wakuba - adalandira dzina ili chifukwa alidi amaba nyama , kotero malinga ndi nkhani za apaulendo, woyimira uyu wa arthropods akubisala mu udzu ndipo akuyembekeza mwayi woti atulutsire kunja ndikuthamangitsa nyama yake, yomwe ili pansi. Ndipo ilinso dzina la nkhanu za coconut - chifukwa chake idatchedwa chifukwa amadya kwambiri ma coconuts omwe amatha kuthyola ndi zibwano zawo zamphamvu zakutsogolo.
Crab crab ndi wachibale wa wamba hermit crab ndipo ndiwofanana kwambiri mawonekedwe. Koma mosiyana ndi iye, akuba a mgwalangwa amagwiritsa ntchito zipolopolo kwa zaka ziwiri zokha, kenako nkuzichotsa, popeza zinatero cholimba cholimba kwambiri .
Oimira nkhanu amakhala kuzilumba za Indian Ocean, ambiri mwa anthuwa amapezeka pachilumba cha Christmas.
Kubzala Nkhanu
Nthawi zambiri nkhanu zimayamba kubereka pakati pa chilimwe, ndipo zimatha ndi nthawi yophukira. Kubala mwana wamkazi kumatenga nthawi yayitali, pambuyo pake amakwatirana. Pambuyo pake, mkaziyo amanyamula mazira pamimba yake. Nthawi yakumenyedwa ikafika, chachikazi amaikira mazira m'madzi ndikuwasiya pamenepo .
Ng'ombe za nkhanu zimabadwa mwa mtundu wa mphutsi, pambuyo pake zimasambira momasuka pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, kenako ndikusaka malo amoyo wamuyaya. Pothawira kwawo, amakhala pamenepo mpaka atakhala ndi chipolopolo. Nthawi imeneyi imatha pafupifupi masiku makumi awiri. Pambuyo pake, zimayamba kusungunuka, pomwe thupi la nkhanu limasinthika. Tsopano amakhala ngati woimira wakuba.
Crab akadali mwana amakhala makamaka pansi pa madzi, koma wayamba kuyamba kuwonekera. Mbala ikangolowa kumtunda, imaponyera madziwo kumbuyo kwake ndikukhala ngati nkhanu ya hermit. Amakhala achikulire mokhazikika mchaka chachisanu cha moyo wawo. Ndipo zimafika pazokulirapo pofika zaka makumi anai.
Mtengo wa anthu
Woimira nkhanuyu nthawi zonse wakhala wamtengo wapatali chifukwa chake wapadera. Nyama yakuba mbala ndizakudya zachilendo kwambiri . Chimakoma ngati nyama ya nkhanu kapena nkhanu. Ndipo amayamikiridwanso kwambiri chifukwa chakuti nyama yake imapatsa mphamvu aphrodisiac yomwe imalimbikitsa chilakolako chogonana.
Chifukwa chakusaka kwakukulu kwa nkhanu, aboma m'maiko ena anakakamizidwa kuletsa akuba kuti asunge anthu awo.
- Oyimira akuba a kanjedza ali ndi fungo lamphamvu kwambiri, motero amatha kununkhira chakudya kwa makilomita angapo.
- Nkhanu za kokonati zimatha kukwera mitengo, motero zimatha kukwera mosavuta masekondi angapo mpaka kutalika pafupifupi mamita khumi.
- Ngakhale mawonekedwe a nkhanu ndiwowoneka bwino ndipo amatha kumuwopseza aliyense amene akuwona. Khwawa lalikulu la pamtunda ndilotetezeka kwa anthu ngati siligwira, pomwe nkhanu imatha kuthyola mafupa a dzanja ndi zibwano zake zamphamvu.
- Ku Guinea, nyama ya mbala yamanjenje inali chakudya chachikhalidwe, mpaka boma la dzikolo litaletsa kugwira oimira a arthropod. Tsopano ndi chakudya chosowa kwambiri chomwe muyenera kulipira ndalama zambiri.
Kokonati wa kokonati amaonedwa ngati woimira kwambiri arthropods padziko lapansi ndipo, pokhala nkhanu ya hermit, ndipo osati nkhanu, ndi mtundu wa mtundu wa decapod crayfish. Maonekedwe ake ochititsa chidwi ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu amawopsa, ngakhale munthu wolimba mtima kwambiri. Kukomoka mtima ndi chilengedwe chotere, chomwe maanja ake amphamvu amatha kuthyola mafupa ang'onoang'ono, ndibwino kuti musakumane, komanso kwambiri kuti musadziwike, chifukwa paliwopseza kugwirana chanza.
Kubalana ndi chitukuko
Nthawi yakubzala, zazikazi zomwe zimapanga mazira zimasunthira kunyanja ndikuziyika m'madzi, pomwe mphutsi zimaswa. Achinyamata omwe amakhala pansi mpaka pansi amawoneka ngati nkhanu ya hermit ndikubisala pamimba pamagombe opanda nyanja (komanso pambuyo pamtunda) gastropod mollus.
Kutalika kwa moyo wakuba aku kanjedza ndikokulira: amatalika kutalika kwa 10 cm ali ndi zaka zisanu zokha.