Msaki uyu amatha kubereka chaka chonse, koma nyama zambiri zimaswana kuyambira Marichi mpaka Julayi. Zimatengera kuti chachikazi chomwe chili mchikwatacho chili ndi ana kapena ayi, chikwamacho sichikusowa kapena, mutakhala, chopangidwa bwino. Mayi wamkazi amatenga milungu itatu. Mkazi amatha kubereka mpaka ana 24. Komabe, mu thumba la amayi muli ma nipple 6, chifukwa chake ndi ana okhawo omwe amakhalapo, omwe ndi omwe angapeze nipples koyamba. Thumba losaya la cholembera lomwe limatseguka kumbuyo, lokutidwa ndi khola la pakhungu, ntchito yake ndikukhazikitsa thumba pamene ana ake alimo.
Mwana akangobadwa kumene, amakwatirana m'matumba ndikukhala mwamphamvu kumabala. Mikwendo imatupa kuti ana ayimirire, kuti ana athe kutuluka m'thumba. Makanda obadwa kumene amakhala ndi 12-15 mg yokha. Pambuyo pa milungu 15, maso awo amatseguka. Pakatha mwezi, amasiya kachikwamako mwachidule, koma amabwereranso kukamwa mkaka. Nyama zazing'ono zimadziyimira payokha kuyambira miyezi 4-5.
LIFESTYLE
Kwall ndi mlenje wochenjera komanso wanzeru, amakhala m'nkhalango zowuma, kumapiri otseguka, komanso m'minda ndi malo odyetserako kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Australia. M'mbuyomu, anthu ambiri okhala ndi nyama zodyerazi ankakhala pafupi ndi Melbourne ndi Sydney, koma m'malo awa mu 1901-1903 nyamazo zinafa ndi epizootic (ndi kufalikira kwa matenda opatsirana ng'ombe). Nthawi yotsiriza marten marsupial uyu adawonedwa pafupi ndi Sydney mu 70s ya XX m'ma. Masiku ano, ku Tasmania kuli anthu ambiri ochita marsupial martens. Ku kontinenti ya Australia kuli nyama zingapo zakuthengo zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha. Kvall amakwera bwino pamtengo, koma nthawi yambiri amakhala pansi. Masana, chilombo nthawi zambiri chimagona mchimwala kapena mulu wa mtengo wokhala ndi masamba. Pamagona, marsupial marten curls mu mpira.
ZONSE ZABWINO
Marsupial marten quoll ndi am'banja la zinyama zaku Australia, zomwe zimatchedwa nyama zodyera nyama.
Nyama iyi imadziwika chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri. Choimbira cha marten chimagwira nyama zonse zazing'ono. Amadyetsa makamaka tizilombo, zolengedwa zazing'ono ndi mbalame, nthawi zina nsomba ndi zokwawa. Kwoll ndi nyama yamadzulo. Chilombochi chimagwira kwambiri m'mawa komanso madzulo. Pakusaka, amadalira kumva kwake komanso kumva kununkhira kwake. Marsupial marten adikirira ngati mphaka. Nthawi zina amakhala pansi patsinde la mtengo ndikudikirira kuti osasamala abwere, kenako nkuthamangira pa iye. Ngati mutha kugwira nyama, ndiye kuti ikoll imakupha ndikuluma khosi. Alimi amawononga nyama zodyerazi chifukwa amawononga nkhuku. Nthawi zina nyama zimawonekera kunja kwa mizinda kumene zimadyera zinyalala. Mwambiri, anthu aku Australia amalemekeza Kwoll kupha mbewa, makoswe, ndi akalulu ang'ono.
ZOPHUNZITSIRA ZOSANGALALA MUKUDZIWA KUTI.
- Zinyama zodyeramo nyama zimakonda kukhala ndi nyama zazing'ono kwambiri zopanda mtundu uliwonse - nyama yam'madzi, komanso nyama yayikulu kwambiri yomwe inkakhala ku Tasmania - nkhandwe ya marsupial, yomwe inkawoneka ngati zilombo zochokera ku banja la nkhandwe. Masiku ano, nkhandwe ya marsupial imadziwika kuti ndi nyama yomwe yasowa.
- Oyamba kubwera ochokera ku Europe adatcha amphaka amphaka am'deralo, chifukwa amawakumbutsa za mphaka waku Europe. Inde, ma marsupial martens amafanana ndi amphaka.
ZINSINSI ZOCHULULA. KULAMBIRA
Colour: chosinthika: ngakhale nkhope zochokera munthawi yomweyo zimatha kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, nyama zimakhala zofiirira maolivi, koma zimakhala zakuda, zokhala ndi mawanga oyera ndi imvi.
Ubweya: zofewa, wandiweyani komanso wamfupi.
Zopanda: mothandizidwa ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa zomwe ali nazo zala zake, ogwawo amakwera mitengo bwino.
Mchira: wopanda mawanga, nsonga yake imakhala yopaka zoyera.
- Malo okhala Habitat marten
PAMENE AMAKHALA
Kwall amapezeka kwambiri ku Tasmania, komanso m'malo angapo a Southeast Australia.
KUTETEZA NDI KUPULUMUTSA
Ngakhale ma corolla ku Tasmania ndi ochulukirapo, kuchuluka kwa anthu ake ku Australia akucheperachepera. Marsupial martens amawonongeka ndi alimi omwe akuwaganizira kuti athetsa nkhuku.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe ake
Kufotokozera Kvollov akhoza kuyamba ndikuti nyamayi imakonda kufaniziridwa ndi chonde, marten kapena mongoose - ndipo zowonadi, kufanana kwina kofananira ndi nyama iliyonse.
Dzina lachi Ngerezi la "quoll" limatanthawuza "mphaka wakum'mawa" - komabe, limatha kufananizidwa ndi mphaka chifukwa chaching'ono.
Zoonadi, kulemera kwakukulu kwa amuna ndi ma kilogalamu awiri, kwa akazi - ngakhale ochepera, pafupifupi kilogalamu 1, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi, pafupifupi, ndi masentimita 40.
Pacithunzi-thunzi, mbalame kuchulukana
Mchira wa quol ndiwotalikirapo, kuyambira 17 mpaka 25 sentimita, wokutidwa ndi ubweya. Mingono ndiyofupikitsa, miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yamphamvu komanso yolimba kuposa kutsogolo. Chizindikiro ndichopapatiza, cholozera mphuno, ndi makutu ozungulira.
Chovala chimakhala chofewa kwambiri, chofiyira, chofiyira. Mtundu wake umakhala wosiyana ndi wachikasu pang'ono mpaka wakuda, wokhala ndi malo ang'onoang'ono komanso oyera akulu obalalika kumbuyo konse.
Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndimakokedwewo ndi kupezeka pamimba ya mkazi wa kachikwama kakang'ono kwambiri, kamene kamapangidwa kuchokera kumapanga azikopa. Munthawi yofananira, imakhala yosaoneka, koma chikazi chikakonzekera kuwonekera kwa ana, thumba (kapena thumba la ana) limakulira kukula, ndipo nsonga zake zimawonekera.
Thumba lili ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa - samatseguka ngati malo ena okhala, mwachitsanzo, kangaroo, koma kubwerera kumchira, kuti makanda obadwa kumene ali ndi mwayi woponya mwachangu ndikumamatira amayi awo atangobadwa.
Pali mitundu 6 ya marsupial marten amadziwika:
- chimbudzi
- patali
- Geoffrey marsupial marten,
- Watsopano waku Guinea
- mkuwa wamkuwa,
- maulesi amisamu.
Chopambana kwambiri ndi nyalugwe wamkati, kulemera kwa nyamazo ndi pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 5. Onani quolla osati kokha pa chithunzi - Posachedwa, nyama zimabweretsa ku Zoo ya Moscow, komwe zimachokera ku Leipzig - kumeneko zikugwira ntchito yobereketsa nyamazi ku ukapolo, ndipo zayamba kale kubereka.
13.07.2018
Quols kapena marten marten osokoneza (Dasyurus viverrinus) adasowa kwathunthu ku Australia dera la 1960 mu 1960, adangopulumuka pachilumba cha Tasmania.
Nthawi zingapo, ngodya zinali zofala kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Australia, koma miliri yosadziwika, kuthamangitsidwa ndi ozembe komanso kuwonongeka kwachuma komwe adakhalako kunapangitsa kuti mtunduwu watsala pang'ono kutheratu. Marsupial martens nawonso anawonongedwa ndi nkhandwe, agalu, ndi amphaka omwe amabweretsedwa ku Green Continent m'zaka za zana la 20.
Mu Marichi chaka chino, kuyesera kunachitika ku Australia kuti akhazikitsenso (kuyambiranso kuchuluka kwa anthu) corolla ndipo Mabwinja 20 amabala adamasulidwa ku Booderee National Park Reserve kumwera kwa Sydney.
Posachedwa zidadziwika kuti azimayi atatu mwa anthuwa adabereka ana aamuna ndipo tsopano amawanyamula m'matumba awo kum'munsi. Choyambirira, izi zikutanthauza kuti a Kwoll ankakonda momwe amakhala mosungiramo. Boderee National Park, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pali chiyembekezo kuti m'tsogolo ngakhale ana enanso ambiri azibadwira komweko ndipo kuyesayesa kwawo kuti aberekenso kukhale kopambana.
Ku Australia, uwu ndi chitsanzo choyamba chopambana cha kubadwanso kwa anthu okhala mmayiko ena, ndipo kukonzekera kudayamba. Zaka 15.
Nyama iliyonse yomwe yatulutsidwa m khola, kolala ya GPS idavalidwa ndipo osamalira amatha nthawi iliyonse kumene kuli nyama zosowa.
Ngati wina wa kwall achoka m'gawolo ndikupita kukakhala anthu kapena misewu, akanamupeza ndikumubweza.
Ma kvoll ndi nyama zazing'ono kukula kwa mphaka wocheperako, samakonda kulemera kuposa 1.5 makilogalamu, ndipo osaposa 60 cm kutalika (ndi mchira). Khungu lawo lakuda kapena lofiirira limakutidwa ndi masamba oyera, ndipo mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mtanda pakati pa akalulu ndi kangaroos (kvokki).
Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwake kumayerekezedwa ndi ferrets, martens kapena mongooses, ndipo zowonadi, mawonekedwe a nyama izi mutha kupeza mawonekedwe amtundu uliwonse mwa nyama zitatuzi.
Ma kvoll amatsogolera moyo wachisangalalo, ndipo masana amabisa maboti, miyala yamiyala kapena mabowo a mitengo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, nyama iliyonse imakhala ndi malo angapo osungirako, kusamuka kuchoka ku malo ena kupita kwina.
Ma Kvoll amakonda kukhala pawekha ndipo amakumana ndi abwenzi kokha nthawi yakukhwima. Amateteza madera awo kuti asakhudzidwe ndi abale awo mwa kuwomba mokweza ndi kufuula.
Ma kvoll amadya makamaka ndi tizilombo, mbalame ndi makoswe, koma nthawi zina samanyoza kuti atenge zovalazo. Komanso mokondwerera kudya zipatso, zipatso, mphukira ndi masamba.
Akazi amabereka ana awo kwa pafupifupi milungu itatu. Amabadwa ocheperako komanso osathandiza - masentimita 0,5 kukula ndi masikweya angapo!
Kapangidwe kochititsa chidwi kamakhala ndi chikwama cha ana chovunda chachikazi - imatseguka osati ngati nyama zambiri za marsupial, monga kangaroo, koma kubwerera mchira kuti ana akhanda azitha kulowa mwachangu mchikwama ndikugwiritsitsa amayi.
Nthawi zambiri ana 4 mpaka 8 amabadwa, koma nthawi zina pamatha kupitilira ana khumi ndi awiri. Masabata oyambira 8-10, ana amakula m'thumba la amayi, kenako amasunthira kumbuyo kwake.
Ana aamphongo amayamba kupeza payekha pazaka 4-5, ndipo pofika chaka amakhala okhwima. Achinyamata ambiri obwera kumene omwe anasiya amayi awo akamwalira kuthengo.
Alimi aku Australia kwa nthawi yayitali ankawaganizira kuti ndi tizirombo, kuwononga nkhuku komanso kuwonongedwa mwankhanza. Kvall amakhoza kudziwa tsogolo la Tilacin yemwe anali atawonongedwa - nkhandwe yaku Tasmanian, ngati sichoncho kwa anthu opulumuka Tasmania yodzala ndi anthu.
Tsopano mitundu yalembedwa m'ndandanda wa IUCN Red wokhala ndi udindo "Pafupi kwambiri ndi kuwopsezedwa."
Mwa njira, ma quoll samakhala osati m'nkhalango zokha, komanso m'mabusa, kumapiri kwa mapiri ndi kumapiri a mitsinje. Nyama izi zimatha nthawi yayitali padziko lapansi, zimakwera mitengo mosafunikira, sizowathandiza.
Izi ndi nyama zosatetezeka ndipo kuthengo zimangokhala pafupifupi zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu. Mu malo osungira nyama nthawi zina amakhala ndi zaka 7.
Moyo wa Kvoll ndi malo okhala
Mitundu yambiri yam'madzi amtunduwu amachokera ku Australia ndi Tasmania; ku New Guinea, amzimbi okhala ndi mkuwa ndi ku New Guinea amakhala. Tsoka ilo, ku Australia, ma quell, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, pafupifupi sanapulumuke - ambiri nyama amakhala kudera la chilumba cha Tasmania.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, kuchuluka kwawo kunachepetsedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha miliri. Kuphatikiza apo, m'zaka zana zapitazi, malo ogulitsa ma quow adawonongedwa ndi alimi chifukwa chakuphatikiza kwawo nkhuku ndi akalulu.
Mpaka pano, ma quels onse aku Australia adalembedwa pa International Red Book kuti ali pafupi ndi ngozi. Kuyesayesa kukuchitanso kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa nyama zolusa.
Quoll amakhala Osangokhala nkhalango zokha, imapezeka m'malo odyetserako ziweto komanso mapiri a mapiri, m'malo a phokoso ndi m'mapiri a mitsinje, m'malo mapiri. Nthawi zingapo, mafunde amapezeka mosangalala m'nyumba zogona anthu.
Kvoll - chinyama usiku uliwonse. Masana imabisala m'misala, yomwe ndi mabowo a mitengo, miyala yamiyala kapena mabaki, ndipo umasaka usiku. Chozizwitsa chodabwitsa - chirombo chilichonse, monga lamulo, chimakhala ndi mabowo angapo nthawi imodzi, "chikuyenda" motsatizana.
Chifukwa cha ma paw opangidwa bwino komanso mchira wautali wosinthasintha, ma marsupial marten amakwera mitengo moyenera, komabe, sakonda kuchita kwambiri, amakonda njira yokhazikika pamtunda - nyama zimathamanga kwambiri ndikudumphira bwino. Ichi ndi chirombo cholimba, chathanzi komanso chothamanga.
Kwall amakhala ndi ma mink angapo nthawi imodzi
Ma Kvoll sakhala m'magulu - mwachilengedwe awo ndi osakwatiwa, aliyense amateteza dera lake mokweza ndi kufuula. Quoll imapezeka pokhapokha nyengo yakukhwima.
Omwe akupikisana nawo kwambiri ndi amphaka amphaka, agalu ndi nkhandwe, omwe nthawi zambiri amamenya nyama pomenyera chakudya, kuzitulutsa kuchokera komwe amakhala. Quels nthawi zambiri amakhala akuvutitsidwa ndi mdierekezi wa Tasmanian - wachibale wawo wapamtima.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Ma kvoll ali pafupifupi owopsa: tizilombo ndi mphutsi zake, komanso nyama zazing'ono, mbalame ndi mazira a mbalame, zouluka, zimatha kukhala chakudya chawo, sizivuta kupha nkhuku.
Kanyama kameneka sikunyoza kunyalanyaza, zakudya zoperewera kuchokera kwa olusa ena. Nyamazo sizimangodya chakudya chokha - sizingadalire kudya mphukira zobiriwira za masamba, masamba, zipatso ndi zipatso.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Nthawi ya kukwatirana kwa ma Kvoll imayamba nthawi yozizira - iyi ndi nthawi ya Meyi-Ogasiti. Wamphongo amapeza mkazi ndi fungo - amawonetsera dera, kusiya zonunkhira. Amuna nthawi yakukhwima amakhala wankhalwe, akumenyana mwamwano ndi opikisana nawo, ndipo amatha kupha mkazi. Pakutha pamasewera a chibwenzi amakhala atatopa kwambiri.
Yaikazi imanyamula ana amenewo kwa milungu pafupifupi itatu. Amabadwa ocheperako, okha kutalika kwa 5mm okha ndipo akulemera mamiligalamu angapo. Kuyambira ana 4 mpaka 8 amabadwa, koma mwina angapo.
Kukula kwa ana a nkhonoyi kumadalira kuti ndi ndani yemwe adayamba kugwiritsitsa ma nipples - wamkazi yekha ndi 6. M'thumba, zinyenyeswazi zimakula pafupifupi masabata 8-9, ndiye kuyesa koyamba kusiya amayi kapena kusuntha, kumamatira kumbuyo kwake, kuyamba.
Mu chithunzichi, quoll ndi ana
Amaphunzira kuti adzipeze chakudya chawo pafupi ndi miyezi 4-5, kwinakwake nthawi yomweyo amasiya kudya mkaka wa amayi. Pakutoma kwa moyo wakusiyana, ana achule ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri amafa. Podzafika pachaka ana akamakula, amatha msamba.
Kvoll - nyama zosatetezeka, zachilengedwe sizikhala nthawi yayitali, pafupifupi pafupifupi zaka 3-5. Ali mu ukapolo, amamera bwino ndipo amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 7.
Kuchulukitsa
Dzina lachi Russia - Wotchedwa Marsupial Marten (woponya)
Dzina lachi Latin - Dasyurus viverrinus
Chizungu - Kumpoto chakum'mawa (mphaka wakummawa)
Kufikira - Predator marsupials (Dasyuromorphia)
Banja - Ma marsupials olosera (Dasyu idae)
Chifundo - Wotchedwa Marsupial Marten (Dasyurus)
Dzinalo Lachilatini la mtunduwu, Viverrinus dasyurus, amatanthauzira ngati "nyama yokhala ngati Ferret yokhala ndi mchira wofiyira".
Mitundu yamtundu wachilengedwe
Mitunduyi idalembedwa mu International Red Book pafupi ndi malo okhala pachiwopsezo cha UICN (Pafupi ndi kuwopsa).
Ndiotetezedwa ndi malamulo aboma, ngakhale ku Tasmania, komwe mitunduyi idakalipobe, lamulo lokhudza chitetezo chake silinawonekere.
Adani akuluakulu am'matanthwewo ndi amphaka osochera, omwe amapikisana nawo mokhazikika kuti apeze chakudya ndikuthawa marsupial martens kuchokera kumalo awo okhala. Zowukira za agalu, kufa pansi pa magudumu a magalimoto, kusaka mosaloledwa pogwiritsa ntchito nyambo zakupha ndi misampha kumathandizanso kuchepa kwa mitundu. Komabe, zomwe zimayambitsa kutha kwa ma marten osachedwa ku Australia sizikudziwika bwinobwino. Zamoyo zamtunduwu zaphunziridwa bwino, koma zomwezi sizingafanane ndi matenda a nyama izi. Matendawa atayamba mu 1901-1903, mwa zina, kutsika kwakukulu kwa mitundu.
Mwinanso ku Tasmania, nyamazo zinasunga kuti palibe ma dingos ndi nkhandwe mdziko muno kuti ziwonongedwe kwathunthu.
Kumpoto kwa Australia (Nielsen Park kumadera a Sydney Vaucluse), buku lomaliza la malo omwe adawonedwa (atagundidwa ndi galimoto ndikuphedwa) lidalandiridwa pa Januware 31, 1963. Mpaka mu 1999National Environmental Protection Service yanena kangapo kuti iwowa adawona nyama pafupi ndi mzinda wa Sydney, koma izi sizilembedwa. Mitengo ikulu yomwe imagwidwa chakumadzulo kwa Melbourne (Victoria) ndiyotheka kuti imagwirizanitsidwa ndi malo owerengera zachilengedwe posamalira zachilengedwe - awa mwina ndi nyama zomwe zidathawa mderalo, kapena mbadwa zawo. Mu 2015, gulu laling'ono la ma quoll adamasulidwa kuti apatsidwenso m'malo otetezedwa pafupi ndi Canberra (bara).
Onani ndi mamuna
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, malongosoledwe a amangawa adawonekera kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18 ndipo adapereka kwa James Walk.
Pambuyo paulamuliro wa atsamunda ku Australia, ma quoll adayamba kusaka nkhuku, akalulu, ndipo ngakhale makoswe ndi mbewa nawonso adazunzidwa, alimi adawapitilirabe ndikuwononga nyumba. Zaka zosakwana zana zapitazo, mmbuyomu mu 1930s, marten marten osasinthika anali alendo pafupipafupi m'minda ya anthu aku Australia ndipo amakhala m'makomo okhala nyumba zamatawuni.
Tsopano akuyesa kupulumutsa ma Kvoll ndikuwabwezera kumalo komwe amakhala posachedwa kwambiri.
Kugawa ndi malo
Ma kvoll amapezeka makamaka m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu komanso mvula yambiri pachaka: m'nkhalango zowirira, m'mipata ya mitsinje. Ku Tasmania, ngodya zam'madzi zimapezeka m'nkhalango zachilendo kwambiri, nkhalango, malo otetezedwa, malo odyetserako ziweto, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosinthira, kupatula nkhalango zotentha. Amakhala ma dambo achinyalala, mapiri a mapiri, zitsamba zonyowa ndi malo otsetsereka a Moss, pamalo okwera kuchokera pagulu lanyanja mpaka 1,500 metres.
M'mbuyomu, mitunduyi idakhala ku Tasmania komanso ku Australia konse- kuphatikiza South Australia (kuchokera kumpoto kwa Flinders Ridge kupita ku Farurie Peninsula) mayiko aku Victoria ndi New South Wales mpaka pakati pa gombe lakumpoto. Pakadali pano, mtunduwo wafupika, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, ndi 50-90%. Pakadali pano, maulendo atchire adangokhala ku Tasmania komanso pachilumba cha Bruni ku Nyanja ya Tasman (komwe mitunduyi idayambitsidwa). Ku Tasmania, ma corolla ndiofala, koma ngakhale pamenepo, kugawa kwawo kumatha kuyang'ana kwambiri zachilengedwe.
Mawonekedwe
Kvoll ndi nyama yaying'ono, kukula kwake kuyerekezedwa ndi mphaka. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti dzina lakale la Chingerezi la mitunduyi limamasuliridwa: "mphaka wakum'mawa." Kukula kwa thupi la amuna ndi 32-45 cm, zazikazi ndizocheperako - 28-40 masentimita. Kutalika kwa mchira wa amuna ndi 20-28 cm, kwa akazi kuyambira 17 mpaka 24 cm. Amuna nawonso amalemera pang'ono: kuchokera pa 0.9 mpaka 2 kg, ndiye monga kulemera kwa akazi kuyambira 0,7 mpaka 1.1 kg.
Izi ndi nyama zokhala ndi thupi lalitali, miyendo yayifupi. Pa miyendo yakumanja ya mikono inayi, zala zoyambirira zikusowa, zomwe zimasiyanitsa zinziri ndi mitundu ina ya malo okhala. Mutu wake ndi wopapatiza, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe opindika ndi makutu owongoka.
Mtundu wa ubweya wofewa ukhoza kukhala wosiyana, kuyambira pafupifupi wakuda mpaka pang'ono. Pali mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana: umodzi ndi wopepuka, wachikasu wachikasu wokhala ndi mimba yoyera, winayo ndi wakuda, pafupifupi wakuda, wokhala ndi mimba yofiirira. Mitundu ya kuwala ndiyofala, koma mu lilo limodzi, ana amatha kupaka utoto mosiyanasiyana. Mtundu wa ubweya, mtundu wa mawanga oyera okhala ndi mulifupi wa 5 mpaka 20 mm umabalalika m'thupi lonse, kupatula mchira. Mchirawo ndi wautali, wopepuka, wokhala ndi lingaliro loyera.
Akazi amakhala ndi thumba losaya kwambiri lomwe limapangidwa ndi ubweya wopangidwa ndi zikopa za khungu. Munthawi yakukhwima, thumba limachulukitsa, nipples 6 kapena 8 zimawonekera mkati, zomwe zimatalika ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito pokhapokha ng'ombe itaphatikizika. Ana akatuluka m'thumba, ma nipples amathanso kukula.
Makhalidwe & Khalidwe Lamagulu
Ma Kvoll amakonda kukhala okha. Izi ndi zilombo zausiku zomwe zimasaka pansi komanso zambiri, ngakhale zimakwera mitengo mwangwiro, zimatha kudumphadumpha.
Zolemba zamasana zimakhala m'malo otchinga, zopindika pakati pa miyala kapena m'maenje a mitengo. Zimbudzi zawo ndizophweka, zopanda nthambi komanso kutuluka kwachiwiri, ngakhale nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta, zimakhala ndi chipinda chimodzi kapena zingapo zophatikizidwa ndi udzu. Quolo iliyonse imakhala ndi mabowo angapo, nthawi zambiri osapitirira asanu, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito imodzi nthawi.
Nyama zimayesetsa kupewa wina ndi mnzake, ngakhale kuti nthawi zina ofufuza amakumana ndi awiriawiri achikazi okhwima. Ziwerengero zamunthu aliyense ndizazikulu ndipo mahekitala 35 azimayi ndi mahekitala 44 aimuna, ndipo nthawi yakukhwima malo amphongo amakula kwambiri. Eni ake amalembera malire amalo omwe ali ndi fungo.
Akuluakulu amawawopseza alendo powapatsa mawu ndi kuwalankhula. Ngati pazifukwa zina mlendo amene sanayitanidwe sangachokere nthawi yomweyo, mwiniwakeyo atembenuka kuti asamgwire - akukwera mpaka miyendo yake yakumbuyo, amathamangitsa adani ndi kuyesa kuluma.
Kulera ndi kulera ana
Kwoll amabereka kumayambiriro kwa dzinja, kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti. Amayi atatenga pakati 20-30 masiku (a masiku 21), wamkazi amabereka ana 4-8. Zinyalala nthawi zina zimakhala ndi ana pafupifupi 30,
Komabe, ali ndi ma nipples 6 okha m'chikwama chake, kotero akhanda oyamba okha ndi omwe amakhala - omwe adakwanitsa kupita kuchikwama ndikunyamula mbewa zoyambirira. Pakatha milungu isanu ndi itatu, ana atuluka m'thumba ndipo nthawi yonse yosaka, azimayi amathawira kuphanga. Ngati ndi kotheka, wamkazi amawanyamula kumbuyo kwake. Pazaka 10 zakubadwa, ana asiya chikwamacho, ndipo chachikazi chimawasiya mu dzenje lopanda udzu kapena mugodi wosaya, ndipo amayamba kuyenda kukasaka kapena kupeza chakudya. Ngati pazifukwa zina muyenera kusamukira kudzenje lina, mkaziyo amanyamula ana kumbuyo kwake.
Pakatha miyezi isanu, kumapeto kwa Novembala, pakakhala chakudya chokwanira, achinyamata amayamba kudya okha. Pomwe chachikazi chimasamalira ana, ziwopsezo zawo zakufa ndizochepa kwambiri. Komabe, nyama zomwe zimakula zimabalalika, ndipo m'miyezi yoyamba ya moyo wodziimira pawokha, ambiri amafa.
Kvolla amakula kumapeto kwa chaka choyamba.
Nyama ku Zoo ya Moscow
Ku malo osungirako zinyama zaku Moscow, marten marten otchuka adapezeka posachedwa, mu 2015. Izi zisanachitike, kunalibe corolla mu malo aliwonse aku Russia.
Pofuna kupulumutsa marsupial marsupial martens kuti asathere, anaganiza zoyesera kuphunzira momwe angawasungire ndi kuwasunga muukapolo. Izi zidachitidwa ndi akatswiri a zoology mu zoo za Leipzig (Germany). Ntchito yawo idapatsidwa chisoti chachifumu bwino - ma corollas awo nthawi zonse amabala komanso amamva bwino. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, ogwira nawo ntchito anali ku Leipzig, ndipo adakonda anthu okongola kwambiriwo kotero adayamba kudziwa ngati zingatheke kuwapeza ku Zoo ya Moscow. Sizinali zophweka. Zowona, kuti zatsogola zisunge mtundu wina wa nyama, malo osungira nyama akuyenera kutsimikizira kuti imatha kupanga zofunikira zonse kuti ikwaniritse. Ponena za ma quoll, mwachitsanzo, zinali zofunika kwambiri kuti asaphwanye mawonekedwe apamwamba a boma la Australia, chifukwa ngati sichoncho akazi amtunduwu amaleka kubereka. Malo osungira nyama ku Moscow adatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zomwe ogwira nawo ku Germany adaziyika, ndikuyika pamzere: tidali kutali ndi okhawo omwe amafunsira zanyama zaposachedwa zamtunduwu, chifukwa kuphatikiza ku Leipzig, corollas yakum'mawa imapezeka m'malo ochepa okha ku Europe. Sanabweretsedwe kudziko lathu, ndipo Zoo ya Moscow inali yoyamba pakati pa malo onse okhala ku Russia kulandira marten marten.
Kvola adafika mu June 2015. Ndi zochulukirapo sikisi! Amuna awiri amuna ndi akazi anayi, m'modzi wa iwo afika kale ku ukalamba ndipo sangathe kutenga nawo gawo pobereka. Nyama zikafika ku Moscow, nthawi yawo yobereketsa inali kuyandikira. Koma tinadabwa kuti patapita nthawi, mating anajambulidwa, chifukwa cha marsupial martens amatha mpaka maola angapo, chifukwa chake sizovuta kwa ogwira ntchito kumalo osungira nyama omwe nthawi zambiri amayang'ana ziweto zawo kuti adziwe. Pakukhwima, yamphongoyo yomwe ili ndi miyendo yake yakutsogolo imagwirizira chachikazi mbali, ndikugona ndi mano kufota, mwamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti mkaziyo imatuluka m'khosi mwake ndipo imatha kupanganso bala laling'ono (kwa anzanga aku Australia ndichizindikiro cha kukhwima bwino). Pambuyo pa mating, tidabyala chachikazi payekhapayekha kuti pasapezeke wina yemwe angamuvutitse. Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe mayi amakhala ndi pakati kumadera akum'mawa ndi masiku 20 mpaka 24, monga m'mabanja onse, ana amphongo amabadwa a 5mm okha ndipo amalemera 12.5 mg. Mwanjira ina, "maimuna pafupifupi" amenewa amatha kulowa m'thumba la amayi awo. Ndipo mu Julayi tidawona tiana tomwe tili kale mchikwama! Anali ang'ono kwambiri mwakuti poyang'ana kachikwama koyamba, ndikuopa kuvutitsa mayi wachichepere kwa nthawi yayitali, sitinathe kuwawerengera. Pambuyo pake, zidapezeka kuti panali ana asanu, ena aiwo akuda, ndi ena bulauni (zomwe sizodabwitsa, chifukwa amayi awo ndi a bulauni ndipo abambo awo ndi akuda). Mimbulu imatha kukhala ndi mazira 30, koma popeza njereyo imakhala ndi ma ntchafu sikisi okha, imatha kudyetsa ana osaposa asanu ndi mmodzi. Chifukwa chake zimapezeka kuti awa ndi ana amoyo okha omwe amakwanitsa kukhala oyamba kufika pa thumba la amayi. Iliyonse mwa iyo imakhala yolumikizidwa ndi nipple yake ndipo imakhala m'thumba pafupifupi masiku 60-65. Mafuta mu makanda amawonekera ali ndi zaka 51-59 masiku, maso atatseguka masiku 79-80, mano amayamba kuphulika pafupifupi masiku 90. Kuyambira pafupifupi masiku 85, ana ake ataphimbidwa kale ndi tsitsi, koma amadalira amayi awo, amayamba kupita naye kokasaka usiku. Nthawi yomweyo, nthawi zambiri amangatira kumbuyo kwa mkazi, koma pang'onopang'ono mgwirizano wawo umayenda bwino, ndipo amakhala odziimira pawokha. Ali ndi zaka 105, ana ake amayamba kudya chakudya cholimba, koma chachikazi chimapitilabe kuwadyetsa mkaka masiku 150-165. Mwachilengedwe, kufa kwa ana ndi kotsika kwambiri, pomwe amakhalabe ndi amayi awo, koma kumawonjezeka kwambiri m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira ya moyo wawo wodziyimira pawokha. Pakutha kwa chaka choyamba, ma corvid ang'onoang'ono amakhala okhwima pogonana. Mwambiri, nthawi yawo yamoyo imakhala yochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zolengedwa zoyamwitsa zazitali zofanana. Mu malo osungira nyama, marsupial martens amakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 5-7, koma m'chilengedwe amakhala osaposa 3-4. Chifukwa chake, akazi achimuna azaka zakubadwa za 1-2 amatenga nawo mbali kuswana (atakwanitsa zaka 3 amawerengedwa kale kuti ndi achikulire).
Tsopano ana athu onse aamuna amawoneka kale ngati akulu. Anakhala osatekeseka - ngakhale amadalira okhawo omwe amawadyetsa. Tsopano pakuwonetsedwa mu "Night World" mutha kuwona anyamata atatu achangu kwambiri.
Tikukupatsani ndakatulo yolemba ndakatulo yolemba ndakatulo yaku Australia a David Wonsbrough kuchokera ku Alphabet ya ku Australia.
Marten marsupial KVOLL ndi wamkulu kwambiri.
Amadzikonda adapeza dera lomwe adakondwera kukhalamo.
Amakhala ku Vaucluse *, malinga ndi dongosolo lonse lophatikizidwa **.
Koma nthawi zasintha - ndipo moyo wafika poipa bwanji!
Kuzungulira amphaka osochera, ndi kuyamba kwamdima
Pali magalimoto ambiri pomwe Kwall akungoyala:
Kuwoneka ngati ndikusewera ngati mpira.
Ndipo amphaka awa ndioyipa - chabwino, ndi cholengedwa, chopanda thumba!
Bwerani kuno, zitsiru. ”
Koll adandaula kwambiri: "Lingaliro langa ndilophweka:
Pepani koma malo abwino kuwononga ziphuphuzi! ”
* Vaucluse ndi chigawo ku Sydney, komwe mu 1960s, ma quoll adakumana.