Nkhono zidasiya kalekale kukhala zosowa zapakhomo. Nkhono za ku Africa wosanyalanyaza kwambiri, uzolowera mwini, osafunanso chisamaliro chapadera. Achatina ndiwodziwika kwambiri pakati pa mabanki am'nyumba.
Zinthu ndi malo okhala nkhono mu Africa
Giant african konasi amatanthauza gastropods ku subclass ya mapapu am'mapapo. Achatina nthawi zambiri amasungidwa ngati ziweto ku Eurasia ndi America.
Nkhono ndi zotheka: pa intaneti mutha kupeza zophika msuzi kuchokera ku zosungirazi, kapena mwachitsanzo, mbale yotchuka ya "Burgundy". ATcosmetology african nkhono napezanso ntchito: mwachitsanzo, ndikofunika kukumbukira kutikita minofu.
Mwa dzina la nkhono, si zabodza kulosera za kwawo: Africa. Tsopano nkhono iyi imapezeka ku Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique ndi Somalia. Kumapeto kwa zaka za XIX, Achatina adabwera ku India, Thailand ndi Kalimantan. Mkati mwa zaka za zana la 20 nkhono ya african idafika ngakhale ku Australia ndi ku New Zealand. kusiya Japan ndi Islands Islands.
Achatina samasankha bwino malo okhala ndipo amatha kukhala m'magombe am'mphepete mwa nyanja, komanso m'nkhalango, zitsamba komanso ngakhale madera oyandikira. Malo okhala omaliza amapangitsa Achatina kukhala tizilombo tokulima.
Ngakhale pali malo osiyanasiyana omwe nkhonoyi imatha kukhalamo, kutentha kwa iwo kumakhala kochepa kwambiri ndipo kuyambira 9 mpaka 29 ° C. Kutentha kapena kutentha kwambiri, mollusk amangokhala pomwepo kufikira nyengo yabwino.
Kufotokozera ndi moyo wa nkhono ya ku Africa
Nkhono ku Africa - dziko mollusk ndipo pakati pa nkhono ndiye mtundu waukulu kwambiri. Kuyimba kwake kumatha kukula kwambiri: 25 cm. Thupi la nkhono ya ku Africa imatha kukula mpaka masentimita 30. Kulemera kwa Achatina kufika 250 g, ndipo kunyumba nkhono zakunyumba nditha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 9 kapena kupitilira apo.
Achatina, monga nkhono zina, ali ndi mtima, ubongo, mapapo, impso ndi maso. Kuphatikiza pa mapapu, nkhono zimapumira komanso khungu. Achatina samva. Maso a nkhono ali kumapeto kwa mahema ndipo kwakukulukuwo amangoyankha kuwalako. Nkhono zimakonda malo obisika ndipo sizilekerera kuwala kowala.
Chipolopolocho chimateteza nkhokwe kuti zisawonongeke komanso kuwononga chilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wa chipolopolo chimakhala chofiirira ndi mikwingwirima yakuda komanso yopepuka.
Itha kusintha mawonekedwe ndi mtundu kutengera chakudya cha nkhono. Amanunkhiza Nkhono ya ku Africa Achatina imazindikira ndi khungu lonse, komanso ndi maso. Mothandizidwa ndi maso awo, nkhono zimazindikira mawonekedwe a zinthu. Thupi lawo lokha limawathandizanso pankhani imeneyi.
Achatine amakonda kukhala otakataka usiku, kapena tsiku lamvula. M'mikhalidwe yovuta, Achatina amathira pansi ndikupunthwa. Nkhono imadumphira m'madzi kumira.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza nkhono ya ku Africa
The mollusk terrarium ikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera ku aquarium yokhazikika ya lita 10. Komabe, ngati muli ndi mwayi wosankha Aquarium wokulirapo, ndiye kuti muyenera kugula malo osungira okwanira 20 kapena 30.
Pansi pa terrarium muyenera kudzazidwa ndi dothi kapena ndulu ya coconut. Chofunikira pakukonza kwa nkhono ya ku Africa ndiko kusamba, chifukwa amakonda njira zamadzi.
Kusamba kumayenera kukhala kotsika kuti Achatina asadutse. Zachidziwikire kuti ma Akhatins amatha kulekerera madzi, komabe, adakali aang'ono amatha kumira mosazindikira komanso mwamantha.
Chinyezi komanso kutentha kwa nyumba wamba wamba kumakhala kokwanira kusankha Achatina. Chinyezi cha makalata chimatha kutsimikizika ndi chikhalidwe cha chiweto chanu: ngati nkhono imakhala nthawi yayitali pamakoma a terarium, ndichizindikiro kuti nthaka ndi yonyowa kwambiri, koma ngati m'manda momwemo, youma kwambiri.
Chinyezi chabwinobwino nthawi zambiri chimapangitsa kuti nkhono zizilowerera m'makoma usiku ndi kukumba mkati mwake masana. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, nthawi zina muyenera kumawaza ndi madzi. Pofuna kudzutsa tulo tofa ntha, mutha kuthira madzi pang'onopang'ono kulowa pansi kapena kuchotsa chivundikiro. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzitsuka kamodzi pa masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Palibe chifukwa choti musambitsidwe ndi malo omwe nkhono zimayikira mazira, apo ayi mabowo amatha kuwonongeka. Achatina ang'ono amafunika kusungidwa popanda dothi ndikudyetsedwa ndi masamba a letesi. Samala nkhono za african sizifunikira zambiri ndipo ngati mutsatira malamulowa, nkhono yanu imakhala moyo wautali.
Kudyola nkhono ku Africa
Achatine samasankha zakudya ndipo amatha kudya pafupifupi masamba ndi zipatso zonse: maapulo, mavwende, mapeyala, nkhuyu, mphesa, avocados, swede, saladi, mbatata (mu mawonekedwe owiritsa), sipinachi, kabichi, nandolo ngakhalenso oatmeal. osanyalanyaza nkhono ndi bowa waku Africa, komanso maluwa osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, daisies kapena akulu.
Kuphatikiza apo, Achatins amakonda zipatso za mtedza, mazira, nyama yokazinga, mkate ngakhale mkaka. Osapatsa mbewu za nkhono zomwe simukudziwa. Ndi zoletsedwa kudyetsa nkhono ndi msipu, wosemphana ndi mseu kapena, mwachitsanzo mafakitale.
Musanadye, musaiwale kutsuka mbewu. Mulimonsemo, musapatse Achatina mchere wambiri, wokometsera, wowawasa kapena wokoma, komanso nyama yofuka, yokazinga, pasitala.
Nkhono za ku Africa
Musatopetse nkhono. Onetsetsani kuti mukuchotsa zinyalala za chakudya ndikuonetsetsa kuti Achatina asadye zinthu zowonongeka. Yesetsani kuwonjezera mitundu yazakudya za Achatina, komabe, nkhono zili ndi njira zokhala ndi kaloti yemweyo ndi kabichi. Zosiyanasiyana ndizofunikira zonse kuti pakalibe chinthu nkhono imatha kuzolowera zakudya zomwe zasinthidwa.
Nkhono zaku Africa zimakhala ndi zakudya zapadera: mwachitsanzo, amakonda saladi ndi nkhaka mitundu ina ya chakudya ndipo ngati akadadyetsedwa nkhaka zokha ali mwana, Achatina amakana kudya china chilichonse.
Zakudya zofewa, komanso mkaka, siziyenera kuperekedwa kwa Achatina ochuluka, apo ayi amatulutsa ntchofu kwambiri, kuipitsa chilichonse chozungulira. Achatina ang'ono samalimbikitsidwa kupereka chakudya chofewa konse.
Nkhono zimadya masamba
Nkhono zoswedwa kumene zimapakidwa bwino ndi masamba (monga letesi) ndi kaloti wokazinga pa grater yabwino. Patatha masiku angapo ataswa, amatha kupatsidwa maapulo ndi nkhaka. Mtengo wa nkhono ku Africa wotsika ndipo ngati mungagule kwa mwini wake wa ana, mtengo wa munthu m'modzi sudzapitilira ma ruble 50-100.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali nkhono waku Africa
Nkhono zaku Africa ndi hermaphrodites, i.e., zazimuna ndi zazikazi chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa ziwalo zonse wamkazi komanso wamwamuna. Njira zothetsera kubereka ndizobzala nokha komanso kukhwima.
Ngati maukwati ofanana akufanana, ndiye kuti umuna umapangidwa, ngati umodzi ndi wokulirapo, ndiye kuti nkhono yayikulu ndi wamkazi, popeza kukula kwa mazira kumafuna mphamvu zambiri.
Chifukwa chomwecho chomwe nkhono zazing'ono zimatha kupanga mamuna okha, nkhono ndizokonzekera kupanga mazira mukadzakula.
Ukakhwima, umuna umatha kusungidwa kwa zaka ziwiri, pomwe munthuyo amazigwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza mazira okhwima. Nthawi zambiri, nkhanuyo imakhala ndi mazira 200-300 ndipo nkhono imodzi imatha kupanga timabowo 6 pachaka.
Dzira limodzi ndi pafupifupi 5 mm. m'mimba mwake. Mazira a nkhono za ku Africa oyera komanso okhala ndi chipolopolo cholimba. Embryos, kutengera kutentha, amakula kuchokera maola angapo mpaka masiku 20. Pambuyo pobadwa, Achatina ang'onoang'ono amadya zotsalira za mazira awo.
Kutha kumabwera ku nkhono za ku Africa wazaka 7 mpaka 15, ndipo Achatina amakhala zaka 10 kapena kupitilira. Amakulitsa moyo wawo wonse, komabe, atatha zaka 1.5-2 za moyo, kukula kwawo kumachepa pang'ono.
Achatina chimphona
Anthu okhala kumalo otentha, komwe kuli chilengedwe chawo, amadziwa zambiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya gastropod mollus. Botanists amati chimphona Achatina ndi nkhono zowononga kwambiri zam'mapapo.
M'mayiko a ku Europe, zochitika ngati izi sizikumveka, chifukwa nyengo sizili bwino kwa anthu amtunduwu. Chifukwa chake, zolengedwa zamoyo zimangosungidwa kunyumba. Nkhono yayikulu ya ku Africa Achatina imasiyana ndi anzawo ena otentha m'mizindikiro yakunja:
- korona wokongola ndi wowongoka
- kutalika kwa chipolopolo, komwe anthu osapatula 15-20 cm,
- mawonekedwe a carapace, omwe nthawi zambiri amapindika molakwika (kusiyanasiyana kumachitika),
- Kupendekera kwamtundu wachikaso ndi mawonekedwe ofiira owoneka bwino (ndizowoneka kuti mawonekedwe awa amakhudzidwa ndi chilengedwe komanso chakudya cha nkhono),
- thupi lakuda kapena lofiirira,
- kubereka (mkazi aliyense wamkulu amatha kuikira mazira 500).
Kuti muwonetsetse chisamaliro komanso kukonza bwino nkhono ya Achatina kunyumba, mudzafunika nyumba yapadera, zofunda, kuyatsa kwabwino, kutentha ndi mbewu zambiri. Zikuwoneka kuti zonse ndizophweka komanso zotchipa. Koma, mwatsoka, pali zovuta zina, kusazindikira komwe kumatsogolera ku kufa kwa wadi. Chifukwa chake, mwatsatanetsatane tidzamvetsetsa zonse zomwe chimafunika chimphona.
Choyamba, amafunika kuti atole galasi la m'madzi kapena madzi am'madzi. Ngati malingaliro anu akuphatikizapo kukonzanso anthu angapo a banja ili, ndiye kuti muwerengere malita 20 kapena kupitilira. Kwa munthu m'modzi, theka la malo okhala lidzakhala lokwanira. Nyumbayo iyenera kutsekedwa bwino, apo ayi, zolengedwa zamoyo zitha kuthawa. Onetsetsani kuti mwapanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono pachikuto kuti mpweya uzungulira.
Kenako pansi pa nyumbayo iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi china chomasuka. Izi zimachitika kuti zigamba zakunyumba zizikhala nthawi yogona tulo masana. Mwachilengedwe, Achatina amakonda dothi wamba. Ndipo kunyumba, eni ena amagwiritsa ntchito maluwa amtundu wa maluwa.
Kutengera ndi zovuta izi, akatswiri odziwa zachipatala amadzilangizira pamchenga wamba ndikumumasula nthawi zonse. Kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi kumatengera kuchuluka kwa malo omwe mumafunikira nkhono yanu. Simufunikanso kupanga zikuluzikulu kwambiri komanso zazing'ono kwambiri. Mwinanso, gawo lapansi la coconut lingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Mkhalidwe waukulu wa kubereka nkhono ndi ukhondo. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuyeretsa kwathunthu kwa terarium miyezi itatu iliyonse komanso kamodzi pa sabata kuti asinthe zinyalala. Ngati mukufuna zolowera zokwawa kukusangalatsani ndi kukhalapo kwake kwa nthawi yayitali, musanyalanyaze zofunikira zake. Kupatula apo, kuchimbira kwake kumabweretsa posakhalitsa, ndipo makhoma azitsulo adzakutidwa ndi ntchofu wosasangalatsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisunthire kulowa. Zikatero, wadi sangakhale nthawi yayitali.
Nthawi zina, posaka malo ansangala komanso omasuka, eni ake amayika chidebe ndi Achatina pafupi ndi zenera. M'nyengo yozizira, izi ndizosatheka kwenikweni. Kupatula apo, boma la kutentha limaphwanyidwa, zomwe zimasokoneza mollusk. Ndipo m'chilimwe, chisamaliro choterocho chidzangofupikitsa zaka za chiweto, popeza sichikufunika dzuwa lowongoleratu.
Ndikofunikira kuti chipindacho chili ndi malo otentha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti thermometer sayenera kugwa pansi +22 ° C. Mtengo wokwanira uli pamlingo wa +28 ° С.
Posamvetsetsa zomwe nkhono za Achatina zimadya kunyumba, oyamba kumene amafuna kusinthitsa nyengo mu terarium ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana, koma si aliyense amene ali woyenera kuchita izi. Akatswiri amalangiza kubzala mbewu zomwe sizimakonda chinyezi chambiri, ndipo masamba awo amaphimbidwa ndi mulu wawung'ono. Mitundu yonse ya ivy ndi ferns ndiyabwino. Konzekerani anthu omwe angadutse zakudya zanu kuti muzidya zakudya zanu nthawi, chifukwa zimafunikira zosintha nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Mollusk sangadye ndi mbewu zamchenga zokha. Zakudya zambiri ndizofunikira kwa iye, popeza kukula kwakukulu kumafunikira zawo. Pinyama chosilira sichingakane zipatso, masamba, zitsamba ngakhale nyama. Muukapolo, amakonda kaloti, nkhaka, kabichi.
Ndikofunikira kuti zakudya zomwe anthu amawadya tsiku lililonse azikhala osiyanasiyana komanso azikhala ndi mavitamini ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsalira za chakudya zouma siziyenera kukhalamo.
Ndizodziwika kuti anthu omwe adazolowera nkhaka mbale kuyambira ali mwana, pambuyo pake amakana chakudya china chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, ngati simukufuna mitengo yambiri ya masamba obiriwira a nkhono, yesani kum'patsa chilichonse chatsopano tsiku lililonse. Akuluakulu amatha kupatsidwa mabatani akulu, koma tinthu tofewa timaponyedwa bwino kwambiri m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa pakapita nthawi amayamba kuyandikira zinyalala ndikuvundikiracho.
Mitundu ya grated, komanso maapulo, kaloti ndi masamba a saladi, amalimbikitsidwa kuti azitha kubereka kumene.
Pakati pa mndandanda wazipatso zololedwa ndi zitsamba:
- Mitengo yam'madzi yamtengo wapatali ndi mitengo yonse yazipatso,
- nyama yoboola kapena yophika,
- mkate wopanda pake
- swede,
- Vwende,
- maapulo
- Sitiroberi,
- zukini
- ma dandelions
- ufa wamafuta kapena mkaka wachilengedwe wopanda shuga, mchere ndi zonunkhira zina zilizonse.
- burokoli,
- masamba oyera kabichi
- mbatata yophika,
- chivwende,
- tumphuka oats
- nkhaka
- ma apricots
- dzungu,
- zinanazi
- Tomato
- mango,
- nthochi
- peyala,
- mapeyala
- sitiroberi
- maluwa okongola
- yamatcheri
- chimanga,
- chomera,
- plums
- mphesa
- Papaya,
- nkhuyu
- Kaloti "Carrot"
- nettle,
- nandolo yophika kapena yatsopano,
- Tsabola wofiyira,
- Selari,
- sipinachi,
- saladi,
- Champignon,
- nyemba
- zovala
- alfalfa,
- mazira owiritsa
- chakudya chamwana aliyense.
Pamodzi ndi nkhono zowoneka bwino, amapangika kuti apatse lokoma, mchere, wowawasa, wosuta, wokazinga, komanso pasitala ndi maso a mbatata.
Matenda
Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti Achatina wobweretsa kuchokera kumalo otentha m'malo atsopano amapatsidwa zofunikira ndi chisamaliro, ndipo amwalira m'nthawi yochepa. Izi ndichifukwa choti mollusk ndi mzere wa mitundu ina ya majeremusi. Munthu atha kudwala matendawa ngati samasamba m'manja mokwanira atakhudzana ndi wodi yoyambilira komanso zinthu zomwe wazigwira.
Akatswiri amakulangizani kuti mugule ziweto zokwawa osati zachilengedwe, koma kunyumba. Pankhaniyi, ndizochepa kuti Achatina atha kudwala matenda ena ake.
Kuphatikiza pa chisamaliro choyenera komanso kuperewera kwa zakudya, zomwe zimapangitsa kufa kwa mollusk:
- Dontho kuchokera pachikuto kapena khoma la thankiyo. Nthawi zambiri izi zimapangitsa kuti chipolopolo chiwonongeke, choncho akatswiri owonera zachilengedwe amalangizira zochotsa m'mbali zowonongeka ndi ma antiseptic agents.
- Chizolowezi cholanda chigamba cha nkhono yoyandikana, chimayambitsa maenje ndi tchipisi. Mutha kuthetsa vuto loipoli mwakuthira pansi pakumira ndi chinthu chopanda vuto.
- Kukhudza pafupipafupi kwa omwe akukhala ndi nthawi yovuta. Kusamalidwa mopitirira muyeso kwa eni kumalepheretsa tulo kugona tulo, chifukwa chake kusokonezeka kwa zinthu zawo kumachitika. Chifukwa chake, mwachikondi, muyenera kudikirira mpaka madzulo pomwe wadiyo udayamba kugwira ntchito.
- Kukhudza kolakwika kwa makamu. Simungatenge nkhono ndi mpweya womaliza. Ngati mukufuna kutenga Achatina m'manja mwanu, nyowetsani mwendo wake ndikuyika chala pansi pake, ndikutsimikizira kumira ndi yachiwiri.
Ziweto zoterezi ndizoyenera kwa anthu omwe amakonda zachilendo ndipo amafuna kusamutsira zina kuti zikhale kwawo. Ngati mumakonda, konzekerani zokondweretsa zonse za bwenzi lozembera ndikusangalala ndi kukhalapo kwake.
Kufotokozera kwa nkhono
Pazinthu zachilengedwe, kutalika kwa chigolambachi kumafika mpaka 30 cm. Ndipo ali mu ukapolo amakula mpaka masentimita 20. Kukula kwa mollusk kutengera ndi zomwe amamangidwa. Werengani zambiri za zomwe nkhono zili Pano.
Mu 1976, nkhono Akhatina Akhatina (nyalugwe) anapezeka ndi mnyamata wamba ku Republic of Sierra Leone.
Kukula kwake kunali kachulukidwe ka 28 cm, kulemera magalamu 900, kutalika kwa thupi kupitilira 40 cm. [
Kodi nkhono zazikulu zimakhala kuti?
Dera la Africa kuchokera ku Ethiopia mpaka ku Mozambique limadziwika kuti ndi malo obadwira Achatina. Apa nyengo yotentha ikupitilira chaka chonse. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, nkhono idayambitsidwa kumayiko ambiri padziko lapansi. Apa adasinthasintha ndikuyamba kuchuluka. Nkhono ya Achatina sikhala mitundu yosamukira, anthu adathandizira kuti ikhazikikenso.
M'malo okhala, Achatina ali ndi adani ambiri omwe amathandizira kuchuluka kwa nkhono, kuletsa kubereka kwawo kosalamulirika.
Adani a Achatina m'chilengedwe
Mwachilengedwe, Achatina amadya zomera ndi mitengo zowola, masamba a mitengo ndi masamba okugwa. Komanso kuwola zotsalira ndi mafupa a nyama. Afunika calcium kuti apange chipolopolo.
Koma m'malo atsopano a mollusk sanali adani. Chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yabwino komanso kusowa kwa adani, Achatina adasanduka tsoka.
Achatina kunyumba
Kusamalira Achatina sikovuta komanso sikumayambitsa vuto, koma mfundo zina ndizofunikirabe.
Zomwe zimafunikira:
- Terarium kapena aquarium yokhala ndi chivindikiro choyenera
- Pang'ono pang'ono
- Mbale yamadzi ndi wodyetsa
- Nyali yakuwotcha
- Poyeserera, mbewu zingapo zokumba, miyala ing'onoing'ono yokongoletsera kapena mphete za dothi lalikulu lokongola.
- Atomizer ya kupopera madzi
- Nkhono yomwe
Monga mukuwonera, osati zochulukirapo ngakhale za novice pakukonza nkhono. Komanso pa zinthuzo, kuti.
Terrarium
Ngati chida chosungira Achatina, malo opangira kapena aquarium yokhala ndi chivindikiro chotseka bwino ndikoyenera. zotheka siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa, chifukwa nkhono zonse, ngakhale kuti zimachedwa pang'ono, ndi oyenda bwino kwambiri. Simukufuna kudzuka m'mawa kuti mupeze chiweto chanu chikuyenda mozungulira chipinda chanu? Kuphatikiza apo, kwa nkhono yomwe, kuyenda koteroko kunyumba kumatha kukhala koopsa.
Chophimbacho chimayenera kukhala ndi mipata yolowera mpweya wabwino kuti ipezeke ndi mpweya wabwino. Kwa nkhono zazing'ono, chidebe chaching'ono cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi chivindikiro, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula nyama zazing'ono, ndichabwino.
Ponena za kukula, lamulo limagwira pano - osachepera 10 malita a voliyumu ya chotengera ayenera kugwera nyama imodzi. Pali upangiri umodzi waupangiri pano - zokulirapo terarium, bwinoko, popeza kukula kwamtsogolo kwa nkhono kumadalira malo oyimirirawo. Ndiye kuti, m'chidebe chocheperako, ngakhale ndimtundu wabwino kwambiri, nkhono yayikulu singakule.
Mu terarium yokhala ndi nkhono Achatina ayenera kukhala dothi lakuya lokwanira. Monga gawo lapansi, malo oyera, peat yamahatchi oyera kapena magawo a kokonati ndi abwino - amagulitsidwa m'misika yamaluwa. Nthaka iyenera kuyikidwa pansi pansi ndi masentimita 3-8 - kutengera kukula kwa cochlea.
Zomwe sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati dothi:
- Nthaka imasakanikirana kuchokera m'masitolo amaluwa, chifukwa onsewa amapangidwa kale ndi mitundu yambiri ya feteleza, ndipo nthawi zina mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
- Sawdust. Uwu ndi gawo loyenera la nkhono, chifukwa limatenga chinyezi kuchokera kumalo ozungulira, motero limapweteketsa thupi la zofowolalo. Kuphatikiza apo, tinthu ta utuchi timavulaza "mwendo" wofewa.
- Zinyalala zamphaka. Ndizosemphana kwathunthu ndi nkhono! Zipangizozi zimakhala ndi zinthu zotengera chinyezi, ndichifukwa chake nkhono zimatha kungofa chifukwa chowuma mthupi lawo.
Ndi chiyani china chomwe chitha kuyikidwa mu terarium?
Choyamba, munthu wosamwa kwambiri komanso wodyetsa. Njira yayikulu ikhoza kukhala kugwiritsa ntchito masuzi a pulasitiki komanso mbale kuchokera "kwa ana" pamasewera. Monga mbale yakumwa komanso wodyetsa nkhono yaying'ono Achatina, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zofunda zapulasitiki wamba.
Ma Akhatin amakonda madzi, nthawi zambiri amamwa kwambiri, komanso amasamba. Kusamba kumayenera kukhala kokulirapo kuti nkhonoyo igweremo, koma osati mwakuya. Ngati malo mu terarium samakulolani kuti mukhale osamba kosatha, mutha kuyikapo kamodzi patsiku, kenako ndikutulutsa.
Osagwiritsa ntchito ziwiya zazikulu zopangidwa ndi zida zamphamvu, monga magalasi ndi zoumba zoumba, phulusa, ndi zina monga malo osambira ndi othandizira. Kuopsa kwawo ndi chiyani? Timabowo nthawi zambiri komanso mosangalala timakwera m'mphepete mpaka pamwamba pomwe pamatha kupendekera ngakhale “kuyenda” panjira. Ndipo zimachitika kuti nkhono zazikulu pansi pa zolemera zawo nthawi zambiri zimatsika ndikugwa. Kugwera pansi zofewa ndi chinthu china kugwera pagalasi kapena pansi kwadothi. Nthawi zina, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kugwa, nkhono zimavulaza chipolopolo, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda komanso ngakhale kufa.
Pazifukwa zomwezo, musakongoletse malo ogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zazikulu zopangidwa ndi zida zamphamvu, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera za aquarium. Osayika nyumba zadongo zosiyanasiyana ndi "maloko" - kukwera mmenemo, nkhono imangokhala chete.
Mutha kuyika theka la zigamba za coconut mu terrarium, yomwe nkhono zimagwiritsa ntchito ngati nyumba. Itha kubweretsedwa kuchokera kunkhalango kapena kugula ku malo osungirako zachilengedwe.
Ngati danga lingalole, chomera chimodzi kapena zingapo zing'onozing'ono zitha kuyikidwa kuti zipangitse malo osangalatsa mu terarium. Zomera za moyo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito - nkhono zimawadya nthawi zonse, kuphatikiza apo, mbewu zambiri zamkati zimatha kukhala zowopsa.
Mutha kukongoletsa dothi poyikapo magawo angapo a dothi lokongola la m'madzi.
Mitundu ya nkhono Achatina
Mtundu Achatina wa banja Achatinidae akuphatikiza mitundu zana la Achatina. Mwa okonda ma gastropods awa, mitundu yotsatira ya nkhono za ku Africa ndizodziwika bwino komanso zotchuka:
- Achatina fulica
- Achatina kutulutsa
- Achatina Kuchira
- Achatina tiger
- Achatina Iradeli.
Nthaka ya nkhono Achatina
Kutalika kwa zinyalala kuchokera pansi kuyenera kuti nkhono ya ku Africa ibisike, moyenera - 5-15 cm, osachepera. Dothi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito:
- gawo lama coconut
- chonyowa (koma osati madzi!) mchenga,
- peat ndi pH mulingo wa 6-7.
Miyala, zinthu zachitsulo, ndi zodzikongoletsera zilizonse zopangidwa ndi zinthu zolimba ndizowopsa kwa thupi lanthete komanso chipolopolo cha Achatina. Wowonayo sangafune zomwe zili munthawi yomwe, ikagwa kuchokera kutalika, imatha kuthyoka pamakoma a nyumba yachifumu yokongoletsera kapena poto wamaluwa. Achatina amatha kuvulaza thupi pamphepete mwa dothi, china, magalasi, kotero osapatula zinthu zowopsa izi pazokongoletsa nyumba ya nkhono. Mutha kukongoletsa ulitarias ndi driftwood, nthambi zouma, zinthu zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki wazakudya, zomera zamoyo.
Achinina nkhono - chisamaliro
Chifukwa chake, mudapanga malingaliro anu, ndikukonzekera zokhalamo chiweto chatsopano ndikubweretsa nkhono ya ku Africa ku nyumba. Kuyambira pano, kusamalira mwana wokulera ndi zakudya zake zidzakhala ntchito zanu zosangalatsa. Mutha kuyang'anira chisamaliro chachilendo kwa mwana wazaka zakubadwa, ali wokhoza kutero. Magawo akuluakulu osamalira Achatina ndi nyumba yake:
- Muzisunga kutentha. Palibe kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha komwe kumayenera kuloledwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, kwezani kutentha mu chotenthetsera cha mumsewu pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala otenthetsera, mphaka wamagetsi, nyali zamkati, kuwaika kuchokera kunja.
- Sungani chinyezi chokwanira nthawi zonse, osakhumudwitsa kapena kunyowetsa nthaka kwambiri. Mphepo yowuma imapangitsa kuti nkhono ibisike mumadzi. Gwiritsani ntchito mfuti yopopera kuti mupeze chinyezi. Nkhono imakwera pagalasayo ndipo imakhala pomwepo - ndi yonyowa kwambiri m'mophika wamsewu. Kuti muchepetse kukhumudwa, tsegulani pang'ono chivindikiro cha ulitarius.
- Ikani chidebe chosaya (mpaka 1 cm) ndi madzi osamba mollusk. Sinthani madzi pafupipafupi ndikuwunikira momwe muliri kuti nkhono, makamaka ana, zisamakhutire.
- Buna nkhono ndi madzi otentha owira kuti muchotse zidutswa za dothi ndi chakudya. Mutha kupanga "shawa" kwa nkhono, ma piquenti ovala botolo la pulasitiki okhala ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono. Kuchokera pa botolo loteroli ndikothekera komanso kotetezeka kutsuka kwanu.
- Ndi pafupipafupi kamodzi pakatha miyezi iwiri, zilonda ziyenera kutsukidwa ndikusintha nthaka. Mukamatsuka muzigwiritsa ntchito madzi okha, palibe zotchingira kapena zoyeretsera! Ngati nkhono yaikira mazira, ndiye kuti yeretsani makhoma popanda madzi konse, ndikupukuta ndi chotupa.
Kodi nkhono za Achatina zimadya chiyani kunyumba?
Zikhozikulu zazikulu zaku Africa Achatina ali ndi chidwi chachikulu, samadya. Ndikwabwino kuti muwapatse chakudya kumapeto kwa nthawi yamadzulo. Tili ndi chakudya chosiyanasiyana; ndibwino kuyika chakudyacho pambale yapadera, osati pabedi. Momwe mungadyetse nkhono za Achatina:
- letesi, kabichi,
- dandelions, chamomile, chomera,
- nkhaka, zukini,
- Tomato
- karoti,
- Champignon,
- apulo ndi zipatso zina
- mphesa
- Zipatso zatsopano
- chivwende, vwende, dzungu,
- oatmeal flakes, buckwheat,
- nyama yosenda, nyama yopaka,
- mazira owiritsa.
Musamagwire nkhono zanu ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziweto:
- zamchere
- lokoma,
- lakuthwa
- ankasuta nyama
- wokazinga,
- mbatata zosaphika
- zipatso,
- buledi, pasitala.
Kuti apange chipolopolo, nkhono zimafunikira gwero la calcium, chifukwa chake, michere yazakudya ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya:
- choko
- wosweka mazira
- sepia (pansi ngati chowonjezera cha chakudya, kapena chonse),
- kanyumba tchizi wopanda shuga, mchere ndi zina zowonjezera,
- chimanga cha calcium (chisakanizo cha chimanga ndi mchere),
- fupa.
Matenda a nkhono
Achatina nkhono zam'madzi zimadwalanso, monga zamoyo zonse. Mavuto a Clam amapezeka pazifukwa:
- kuvulala kwanyumba
- kuchepa kwa zipolopolo
- Hypothermia kapena kutentha kwambiri,
- poyizoni ndi mchere, mankhwala apakhomo,
- microparasites (ntchentche, nsikidzi, misomali, ndi zina) ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus,
- matenda ndi mphutsi, nyongolotsi,
- matenda
- zotupa.
Achinina nkhono - kuswana
Mwina munamvapo momwe nkhono za Achatina zimaberekera. Izi gastropods ndi hermaphrodites. Zotsatira za zomwe zili mu ulitarii m'modzi kapena awiri aku Africa Achatina zidzatsogolera umuna. Nthawi zambiri, nkhono zimayikira mazira, koma palinso mitundu ina ya Achatina. Yaikazi imakhala nkhono, yomwe imakhala yachikulire komanso yayikulu. Wachichepere amakhala ngati wamwamuna.
Achatin nkhono mazira
Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani mutazindikira kuti nkhono yaku Africa Achachina wayamba kuswana? Kusamalira mazira ndikofunikira kwambiri, ngati zinthu zina sizikwaniritsidwa, kuyikira sikungakhale kosavomerezeka ndipo mazira adzafa:
- Kutentha kuyenera kusungidwa pa 27-28 ° C, popanda kusinthasintha ndi kusiyana.
- Ndikasunga madzi m'nthaka, mazira adzaola, pouma - mazira adzafa.
- Osakhudza mazira ndi manja anu, koma asungeni kumalo ena osiyana ndi gawo lapansi.
- Finyani mazira ndi dothi.
Nkhono yaying'ono Achatina
Nkhono ya ku Africa kuno ndi kholo losamala. Nkhono zazing'ono, zosemedwa mazira, zimakwawa pansi masiku ochepa. Zigoba zawo ndizovunda kwambiri komanso zosalimba. Ndikwabwino kuyika ana pa masamba a kabichi. Muyenera kudyetsa iwo ndi masamba ndi zipatso zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi calcium. Ndikosavuta kupatsa ana chakumwa: sansani makoma a ulitariya ndi madzi owiritsa. Ndikokwanira. Nkhono zimamwa, zikukwawa m'makoma ndikutsitsa madzi.
Kodi nkhono za Achatina zimakhala ndi moyo zaka zingati?
Achilumba achi Achatina ali ndi nthawi yayitali kwambiri kuposa anzawo akumtchire. Chilichonse ndichopepuka: m'malo awo achizolowezi, Achatina ndi tizirombo toyambitsa mbewu ndipo timawonongeka ndi anthu. Kuphatikiza pa anthu, zolengedwa zowonda pang'onopang'ono zimakhala ndi adani ambiri mwachilengedwe: hedgehogs, weasels, achule, ndipo ngakhale tizilombo. M'mikhalidwe yokonza nyumba, chisamaliro chokwanira komanso chakudya chamagulu, nkhono yayikulu Achatina imakula bwino ndipo imatha kukhala zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri mpaka khumi.
Nkhono ya ku Africa ya Achatina sichiyala pepala, sichikudulira pazoyala, sichilira usiku ndipo sichikoka chakudya kuchokera mbale yanu. Chovala chokongola ichi, chokhala chete, chofanana ndi mlendo, chimakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi tchuthi pampando wabwino pafupi ndi malo ake. Nkhono imayenda pang'onopang'ono, ndi chilakolako, kudya ndi chidutswa cha zipatso kapena tsamba lamadzimadzi, kumakupachika "munthawi" yolingalira. Ndipo madandaulo, nkhawa, nkhawa, zidzayambiranso kumbuyo, ndikupereka mtendere wamtendere ndi chisangalalo chosatha cha mgwirizano womwe umalamulira pakona kakang'ono aka chilengedwe.
Chifukwa chiyani ku United States amaweruza Achatina
Mu 1966, dotolo wachilengedwe wachilengedwe adabweretsa ma Achatine angapo ku Florida kuti akhale ziweto zapadera. Koma mwamwayi adalowa m'mundamo.
Patadutsa zaka zitatu, nkhonozi zidakulirakulira mpaka zidatsala pang'ono kuwononga mbewu zonse za Florida. Sanapatsidwe minda yokha ndi minda, komanso nyumba zakale, nyumba zosafunikira. Nkhono zinadya pulasitala kuchokera kwa iwo, kufunafuna calcium kuti apange chipolopolo chokongola.
Anthu okhala mdera la Florida adafuula. Kwa zaka 9, kusesa kwa alendo aku Africa kudakhalako. Nkhondo mamiliyoni 19 adagwidwa ndikuwonongeka. Kuyambira pamenepo, chiletso cha Achatina chawonetsedwa ku America.
Mayikowa anali oyamba kulengeza nkhono ya Achatina ngati tizilombo tambiri:
Ku Africa kuno kuphika
Anthu okhala ku Africa, America ndi Southeast Asia adagwiritsa ntchito nyama yosaka ngati chakudya. Kuyambira chapakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800, azungu azindikira kuti nyama ya nkhono ndi chakudya chamtengo wapatali. Ku Japan ndi France, Achatina adakulidwa m'mafamu apadera ndikudya.
Ngakhale Aroma komanso Agiriki akale, podziwa kufunika kwa nkhono, adalimbikitsidwa kudya. Mutha kupanga nkhono kukhitchini yanu pogwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe athu.
Nyama ya Achatina imakhala ndi zinthu zazikulu komanso zazikulu, ma amino acid angapo, komanso mavitamini a magulu A, B, E, etc. Imagwira masheya ndi chifuwa chachikulu, imathandiza kunenepa kwambiri komanso kubereka, komanso imathetsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha maantibayotiki m'thupi.
Kodi nkhono ina imagwiritsidwa ntchito?
M'mayiko ambiri, nkhono za ku Africa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polima nsomba ndikugulitsa nyama, monga chakudya chotsika mtengo cha nsomba ndi nkhuku. Imachulukana kwambiri ndipo imachulukana. Chifukwa chake, Achatina wakula kuti apange feteleza, komanso ma laboratori azachipatala komanso oyesera.
Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti chimphona Achatina ndi wokhalamo wamvula yamvula yotentha. Chifukwa chake, m'maiko ambiri a Europe ndi CIS, sangathe kukhala mwachilengedwe. Nyengo kuno sizofanana ndi malo otentha.
- Achatina fulica ndi chimphona chachikulu padziko lonse lapansi. Ofukula za nyama tafotokozeratu za mitundu 100
- Chigoba cha nkhono chimakhala ndi kutembenuka kwa 7-8, kutalika kwa 30 cm.
- Mtundu: mikwingwirima mumtambo wakuda ndi bulauni
- Kulemera kwa nkhono kumafika 500 g.
- Kuyankha: modekha, osagona
- Clam Homeland - Africa
- Habitat: Zinthu zowola za mitengo ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yakale
- Njira yotentha: kuchokera 23 mpaka 26 degrees
- Kubalana - hermaphrodites
- Chonde: mpaka mazira 5 biliyoni. Mazira amapangika ngati nkhuku
- Imayenda pa liwiro la 1 cm pamphindi
- Chakudya: chopatsa thanzi - ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, chimanga, zinyalala zam'mera, mitundu yoposa 400 yazomera
- Moyo: Chinyama chamadzulo
- Kutalika kwa moyo: zaka 9
- Clam siyimayambitsa chifuwa
Kapangidwe ka nkhono Achatina
Musachite mantha, sitilowa m'nkhalango yanthambi. Ganizirani zigawo zikuluzikulu za nkhono ya ku Africa.
Mollusk amakhala ndi chipolopolo, maso amodzi ndi awiriwiri.
Kapangidwe ka kunja kwa nkhono Achatina
Chigoba cha nkhono chimafuna:
- kuteteza kwa adani,
- kuteteza ku zowonongeka zakunja,
- kuteteza ziwalo zamkati kuti ziume.
Mtundu, utoto ndi makulidwe a tebulo zimatengera kuwunikira, zakudya ndi chinyezi.
Chigoba cha Achatina ndicholimba kwambiri kotero kuti chimasunthira fodya m'minda yayikulu ya fodya.
Momwe nkhono imayendera
Nkhono imayenda ndi m'mapazi okha. Lomwe ndi thupi lamunsi.Mwendo wanthawi zonse ndi wofewa komanso wosalala, wopangidwa ndi minyewa yosalala komanso timisempha tambiri timene timatulutsa ntchofu. Phazi ndilokha la Achatina - chogwira.
Maso a nkhono
Maso ali kumapeto kwa malekezero akuchulukitsa. Wowonayo amazindikira zinthuzo pamtunda wa masentimita awiri. Amazindikira mwini wake ndikuwona kuwunika kosiyana. Koma sangathe kuyimirira kuwala kowala. Kuwala kwamadzulo sikumupweteketsa iye.
Nyanga zazing'ono - limba lafungo
Chida cha fungo ndi "nyanga" zazing'ono kutsogolo kwa mutu. Achatina chimphona chimagwira fungo la chakudya mpaka 2 metres.
Chigoba chachikulu cha ku Africa chimawona, kununkhiza ndikuyang'ana padziko lapansi ndi chokhacho. Ndizosangalatsa kuwonera. Ali chete ndipo akungosangalala.
Achatina ziweto zodekha, zamtendere komanso zopanda pake.
Vomerezani nkhono ya Achatina kunyumba, titha kukhala mchombo kapena pulasitiki. Momwe mungakonzeretu malo ophunzirira, onani apa.
Kuthamanga kwa moyo wa munthu kumawongolera mikhalidwe yake osati zovala, chakudya ndi kupuma, komanso kusankha nyama zosasamala. Achatina safuna chisamaliro chokhazikika, samatulutsa fungo losasangalatsa ndipo safunikira chakudya chapadera.
Pobwerera, imapereka mphindi zosangalatsa zambiri, ndizanzeru ndipo zimazolowera munthuyu.
+ PROS
- Zabwino zapamwamba
- Amakhala ndi zaka pafupifupi 9,
- Palibe phokoso
- Palibe chifukwa choyenda
- Osawonongeratu mipando,
- Samanunkhiza
- Idyani pang'ono, osafunikira chakudya chapadera,
- Yosavuta kusamalira
- Mutha kupita nanu kutchuthi kapena kusiya nyumba nokha,
- Khalani mu terariamu kapena pulasitiki,
- Kukonda kusambira
- Ochokera
- Zindikirani mwini wake ndi fungo
- Sizimayambitsa chifuwa
- Chinsinsi cha nkhono chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso zodzikongoletsera,
- Nyama ya Clam imatheka.
- MISILI
- Amakhala ndi moyo wamadzulo
- Amayamba ndi mantha
- Calcium ndiyofunikira pakukula kwa chipolopolo
- Chonde, muyenera kuyang'anira ana ambiri,
- Molluskaria kuyeretsa sabata iliyonse,
- Kusunga chinyezi chofunikira mchidebe,
- Kusunga kutentha kwambiri
- M'mikhalidwe yovunda, hibernate,
- Palibe chomukonda mbuye
- Palibe kumva
- Mukakumana koyamba, amakusangalatsani,
- Amatha kudya mazira kapena ana aang'ono,
- Kukwaniritsa nkhono si ntchito yophweka.