Mtundu wabuluu wokhala ndi mawanga amdima a gourami wokongola umakopa asitikali akuwoneka, wosasamala chisamaliro, kukonza. Ziweto zimapulumuka ngakhale m'madzi ovuta popanda kuchita. Popanda chakudya kwa nthawi yayitali, amadya zitsamba ndi nkhono.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ndi mawonekedwe ake
Mtundu uliwonse wa nsomba zomwe mumatenga, chizindikiro cha pafupifupi nsomba zonse ndikusintha kwa zipsepse zamkati kuti zikhale filter, tinyanga tating'onoting'ono, yolingana ndi thupi. Zimagwira ngati ziwalo zogwira, chifukwa nsomba zachilengedwe zimakhala m'madzi ovuta ndipo maso sangathe kugwira ntchito yawo mokwanira. Chifukwa chake, asanadye chakudya, nsomba imayimva ndi tinyanga yake, komanso zinthu zakuzungulira. Chinthu chinanso, monga labyrinths yonse, nthumwi zimapuma mpweya wamlengalenga, pambuyo pake zimayandama pamadzipo.
Ndizovuta kutchula mitundu yonse yodziwika, chifukwa chake tidzangotchula okhawo odziwika:
- wamba, amatchedwanso banga.
- wam'madzi kapena wotchedwa pumila,
- wokondedwa, dzina lachiwiri ndi maluwa a uchi,
- buluu kapena sumatran,
Mwana wamkazi wamphongo nthawi zonse amateteza dera lake, akumenya amuna ena a mtundu wake ndi pafupi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake simuyenera kukhala ndi anyamata opitilira gourami m'madzi amodzi. Chosiyana ndi malo akuluakulu okha, komwe ma gour amatha kugawa gawo lawolawo. Chiwerengero choyenera chimatengedwa wamwamuna mmodzi wamkazi kapena atatu wamkazi. Ndi nsomba zopanda chiwawa zomwe zofanana ndi zazikulu zamtundu wina, gurami zimayenderana. Zowonadi, kwenikweni, nsomba sizowopsa.
Kutentha kwamadzi kwakukulu kwa nsomba izi ndi 25-27 ° C. Sakonda kusintha kwa kutentha mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa chake, ndibwino kukhazikitsa thermometer ndi chowongolera kutentha mu aquarium.
Madzi azikhala m'malo osakanikirana ndi zamchere. Kulowera pang'ono acidic ndikololedwa. Kukhalapo kwa okosijeni sikumawavutitsa, chifukwa ngati pali kuchepa kwa mpweya, amapumira mpweya wamlengalenga modekha. Amakonda kusambira pakati ndi kumtunda kwamadzi okhala ndi ma gour, osamira pansi. Sakonda mafunde amphamvu mu nsomba, chifukwa chake ikani zosefera.
Chakudya chimayenera kukhala chosiyanasiyana, koma nthawi yomweyo nsomba ndizochulukirapo. Idyani zonse zomera komanso nyama. Kuwala kuyenera kukhala kowala. Onetsetsani kuti mwaphimba aquarium ndi chivindikiro. Izi zimathandiza kuti nsomba zisalumphe m'madzi ndi kuteteza ku mphepo yozizira.
Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi
Zachikazi zimasiyana ndi zazimuna zazing'ono, osati zowala komanso zowala zamkati. Amuna, ndalama ya dorsal imayatsidwa mawonekedwe, thupi limakhala lalitali kwambiri, lalikulupo. Nthawi yakutha ikakwana, mwa atsikana tummy imayamba kuzungulira chifukwa cha kupsa kwa caviar pamenepo. Ndi munthawi imeneyi kuti nkoyenera kuganizira momwe mtundu wa gourami umaberekera, makamaka ngati mukuyamba kumene oyendetsa nsomba.
Mitundu ina, ngakhale utoto wamphongo umasintha nthawi yokonzekera kutulutsa. Chifukwa chake, mu ngale gourami, chifuwa ndi m'mimba zimapakidwa utoto wowala wa lalanje, ndipo mawanga owala pa thupi amayamba kunyezimira.
Mitundu yonse ya nsomba zamitundu iyi imatha kuyamba kuchokera pa miyezi 8-9 ya moyo. Kuswana kwa gourami kumatha kuchitika pamalo wamba otchedwa aquarium. Zachidziwikire, mbewu yayikulu pamenepa sizigwira ntchito, chifukwa oyandikana nawo amakhala osangalala kudya mwachangu. Ngakhale aquarium ibzalidwe ndi algae mokwanira, ndipo mwa oyandikana nawo palibe adani, ndiye kuti nthawi ndi nthawi mumapeza achinyamata m'mphepete mwa madzi. Pali njira yakuberekera koteroko ndi kuphatikiza kwakukulu wamkazi. Kutalikirana kwa gourami mu malo wamba ophera nsomba kumathandiza kuti nsomba ikhale yathanzi ndikukhala ndi moyo wautali. Kutulutsa kukapanda kuchitika pa nthawi yoyenera, zikwanje zazikazi zimayamba kupanga zazikazi, kenako nsomba zimamwalira.
Makhalidwe Oponya Caviar
Magulu onse amapanga mtundu wa chisa kuchokera pamabampu am'mlengalenga omwe nsomba zimamata ndi malovu awo komanso zidutswa zam'madzi am'madzi. Amuna okha ndi omwe amagwira ntchito yomanga ndi kusamalira ana amtsogolo. Kuswana kwa gourami kunyumba kumayambira ndikukonzekera malo ofunikira. Itha kukhala malo otsika komanso otambalala okhala ndi madzi okwanira malita 20 kapena kupitirira. Madzi sayenera kukhala akulu, osachepera 15-20 cm amawonedwa kuti ndi abwino. Dzazani ndi kutalikirana ndi matalala oyandama, monga richchia ndi duckweed. Adzafunika pomanga. Zomera zoyandama mumtsinje wamadzi - elodea, Hornwort ndi ena amapezekanso. Zidzafunika zazikazi, zomwe zingathawireko ku chibwenzi chokwiyitsa chachimuna ngakhale nthawi yokwanira itatha.
Choyamba, nsomba zamnyamata zimayikidwa pansi, kenako madzi amayamba kutentha pang'ono pang'ono. Poterepa, sipayenera kusuntha madzi kuti chisa chisawonongeke. Kutentha kukafika pa 29 ° C, yamphongo imayamba kumanga malo opundika, pomwe caviar adzaikidwanso m'gourami wamtsogolo.
Kukula mwachizolowezi kwa chisa kutulutsa ndi masentimita 3-7. Nthawi yomanga ili pafupi ndi masiku atatu.
Ndikotheka kudziwa kuti ntchitoyi yamalizidwa ndi machitidwe a mwamunayo - amayamba kusambira mozungulira iye, kumuteteza kwa aliyense osamsiya kwa mphindi imodzi. Yakwana nthawi yoti mubzale wamkazi.
Gourami wokhala ndi mazira amasiyanitsidwa ndi mbali zozungulira zam'mimba. Palibe vuto kuti sayambitsa mkazi wokhala ndi pakhungu pamimba, kuteteza chisa kuti chikhala caviar, mnyamatayo akhoza kumuchotsa mwamphamvu, ndikumusiya wopanda zipsepse. Yang'anani ndi nsomba za mnyamatayo, ngati mtsikanayo abwera, ayamba kukhala naye pachibwenzi.
Akuyenda kupita chachikazi, bambo wam'tsogolo akufalitsa zipsepse, ngati kuti akung'ung'udza ndi kukankha, akumupempha kuti asamuke kupita ku chisa. Pamene banjali liri pansi pa chisa, yamphongo imakulunga thupi ndi kuzungulira chachikazi ndikuyamba kutembenuzira mimba yake kuyang'ana thobvu. Ikatembenuka kwathunthu, imazizira kwa mphindi zochepa ndikuyamba kufinya, kufinya mazira ndikuthira manyowa nthawi yomweyo. Mazira okhathamira amayamba kukwera thovu, ndipo aja omwe amapita pansi, bambo wowasamalira amathamangira kukawatenga ndi kamwa yake kuti awaike chisa cha chithovu. Akazi amakhala ndi nthawi yopumira.
Njirayi imabwerezedwa kangapo, koma chikazi chikamamera, chikazi chimakhala ndi chikhumbo chochepa kwambiri chobwerera kumalo osokoneza, ndipo mkwiyo wa mwamunayo umayamba kukula. Yakwana nthawi yoti amayi azibisala munyanja zam'madzi zomwe mudakonzekereratu. Kutulutsa konse kumatenga pafupifupi maola anayi, ndipo ikathaikazi, mutha kuwabzala. Chiwerengero cha mazira sichabwino kwambiri pamitundu yonse ya gourami. Imatha kuyambira pa 150 mpaka 400, osachulukanso. Mu ma kisss okha kuchuluka kwa mazira pofalikira kumatha kufikira 10,000.
Caviar yatsopano m'mimba mwa atsikana mkati mwa masabata atatu, ndipo izi zimadziwika nthawi yomweyo m'mimba yatsopano.
Njira yowerengera yokha imakhala yofanana ndi mitundu yonse, koma pali zosiyana zina. Mwachitsanzo, kumera kwa gourami kumamera m'matumba apadera momwe mazira 5-6 amasonkhanitsidwa ndipo abambo ali ndi ntchito ina - kutsegula chikwamacho ndikuchotsa mazira pamenepo, kenako ndikuphatira manyowa ndikawasamutsira ku chisa cha vesicle.
Kusamalira Makanda
Gourami-bambo yekha amasamalira chisa ndi caviar, ndipo amachita nsanje kwambiri ndi ntchito zake. Mazira omwe agwera kuchokera ku thovu, amabwerera mokoma. Zimatenga tsiku limodzi ndi theka mpaka masiku awiri ndipo mphutsi zimatuluka mazira. Ndipo patatha masiku atatu adzasanduka mwachangu. Ngati mphutsi sizitha kusambira paokha, ndipo abambo amaonetsetsa kuti anawo samira pansi. Malek amatha kusuntha pawokha. Sakufunanso chisamaliro cha abambo ndipo mwamunayo amathanso kumangidwa. Ndipo gourami-papa pofika nthawi imeneyi iyambanso kutha nzeru za makolo. Amayamba kuchita mantha chifukwa chosatheka kutsatira njira zakulera zomwe zikufalikira mbali zonse, amayamba kuwonetsa ukali ndipo mwina amathanso kudya ana ake onse, omwe anali kuwasamalira mosamala posachedwa.
Pamene caviar yakucha ndi mphutsi zimakula, muyenera kuyang'anira mosamala kutentha kwa madzi mumadzi omwe akuwaza. Kupatula apo, mumangoyenera kumva nsomba zomwe kutentha kwayamba kutsika, nthawi yomweyo amasiya kusamalira ana, kuwononga chisa ndikudya caviar ndi ana omwe amawoneka.
Amuna atakhala pansi, chisa kuchokera ku chithocho chimayamba pang'onopang'ono kudzipatula m'magawo, ndipo sichifunikiranso. Makanda amafunika kudyetsedwa koyamba ndi infusoria, kenako osinthidwa kukhala zooplankton. Popeza mwachangu amakula mosiyanasiyana, iwo omwe amakula mwachangu amafunika kubzala, chifukwa amatha kutenga phindu.
Pakangodutsa milungu itatu kuchokera pomwe mazira akutulutsira, ma labyrinth zida zimakhalira makanda, chifukwa chake, madzi mu "dziwe" ayenera kukhala oyera komanso opatsa mphamvu ndi mpweya, ndi kutentha kosalekeza + 27-27 ° C. Pang'onopang'ono kutsika kumatha kuyamba pamwezi ndi theka.
Kusuntha zisa kuchokera ku wamba aquarium
Zoyenera kuchita komanso momwe mungasinthire ngati njira yomangira chisa yayambika kale mu malo osungira zinyama, momwe malo omwe ungathere ndi gourami sioyenera kwathunthu. Mwakutero, lolani kuti banja liwonongeke, kenako ndikugwira chisa chithovu ndi caviar pogwiritsa ntchito sosi ndi kusamukira ku aquarium, komwe matenthedwe amafanana ndi a aquarium. Samutsani mwamunayo kumeneko kuti apitirizebe kusamalira ana. Ndipo kenako ntchito yonse ndi yofanana ndi momwe nsomba imayikira mazira pamalo osakira okonzekereratu.
Kubwezeretsanso kwa nsomba zokongola kwambiri izi si kovuta, ndipo chisangalalo pakuwona kumene kwatsopano sikunasinthidwe.
Marble gourami mwachilengedwe
Mu chikhalidwe cha nsomba izi simudzakumana nazo. Awa ndi maonekedwe enieni, omwe anali osankhidwa ndi gourami owoneka (lat. Trichopodus trichopterus) ndipo amapezeka kokha mu aquarium. Marble gourami ali ofanana kwathunthu kukula ndi zizolowezi ngati abale awo, ndipo amasiyana mtundu okha. Dzina lachiwiri la nsomba'li - Cosby - ndi wochokera kwa amodzi waku America wobereketsa Cosby, yemwe adawabera.
Spourted gourami amakhala ku Asia. Amatha kupezeka m'maiko monga Indonesia, Sumatra ndi Thailand. Amatha kukhala m'malo otsika ndi madzi, zithaphwi, mitsinje, ngalande zothirira, minda ya mpunga ngakhale m'maenje. Chachikulu ndikuti chosungira chikhale ndi madzi oyimirira kapena osayenda pang'onopang'ono komanso ndi masamba ambiri.
Nyengo yamvula ikayamba, nsomba izi zimatha kusamukira kumalo osungika, ndikumapeto kwake zimabwereranso. Chakudya chawo chachikulu kuthengo ndi zooplankton.
Kodi marble imawoneka bwanji?
Thupi la nsombalo limakhala lalitali kutalika, ndikupanikizidwa kuchokera kumbali. Mu mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi chowongolera.
Zipsepsezo ndizazikulu ndi zozungulira (zonse kupatula zamkati). Amawoneka ngati ndevu zopyapyala ndipo amagwira kukhudza.
Mchira, komanso zipsepse ndi ma fins, ndimtundu wakuda mumtundu wachikasu. Anal amatenga mchira ndipo nthawi zina amakonzedwa ndi ofiira. Zipsepse zomwe zimakhala pachifuwa ndizowonekera.
Mtundu wa nsombayi ndi wabuluu wakuda kapena siliva wabuluu. Thupi lonse limakutidwa ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana mawonekedwe ofanana ndimitundu.
Gurami ndi nthumwi ya banja lansomba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'madzi opanda mpweya wabwino, amatha kupuma mpweya wam'mlengalenga motero amakhala ndi moyo.
Kukula kwakukulu kwa Cosby ndi 15 masentimita, koma nthawi zambiri samakula kuposa 10-11 cm. Amakhala zaka 4 mpaka 8.
Sikovuta kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi itatu kapena apo (ndiye kuti kutha msinkhu kumayamba mu nsomba izi): ali ndi fupi, yazifupi kumbuyo kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, amuna ndi okulirapo komanso ochepa thupi kuposa oyimira akazi.
Chikhalidwe komanso kufananirana kwa gourami ya mabo
Izi ndi nsomba zamtendere, zosangalatsa komanso bata. Amakonda kukhala kumtunda kwapakati komanso kwapakati pamadzi. Gourami ndi yabwino kusunga malo am'madzi momwe mulinso nsomba zofananira ndi kukula kwake.
Wopambana azikhala woyandikana ndi ana, ma neon, masamba, scalars, corridor, antistruse, apistograms.
Ndipo zatsopanozi sizimagwirizana ndi ma cichlids ankhanza, ma piran ndi nyama zina zomwe zimadyera, komanso nsomba zamadzi ozizira zagolide.
Koma kwa mwachangu ndi nsomba zazing'ono, ma labyrinths awa nawonso akhoza kukhala owopsa, chifukwa amatha kuonedwa ngati chakudya.
Kulimba pakati pa anyaniwa kumatha kuchitika mkati mwazinthuzo, koma zotulukapo zake zimakhala zotetezeka nthawi zonse. Kuti mupewe izi, mutha kusunga nsomba ziwiri kapena zazikazi ziwiri ndi yamphongo imodzi. Ngati pali amuna opitilira amodzi, ndikofunika kubzala mbewu zambiri ndikupanga malo okhala kuti wofooka abisemo.
Gurami Marble: Zamkatimu
Zitha kukula. Kwa nsomba zazing'ono, malo am'madzi okhala ndi malita 50 akhale okwanira (kwa nsomba 5-7), ndipo kwa akuluakulu, pafupifupi malita 80 adzafunika. Ngati pali chivundikiro kapena galasi pamwamba, ndiye kuti ayenera kukhala wokwanira, popeza a Gurami amafunikira mpweya kuti upume.
Mtunda woyenera pakati pa chivundikiro ndi pamwamba pa madzi ndi wosachepera 5-8 cm. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa madzi ndi kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuti nsomba, ikumeza mpweya wozizira, isatenge chimfine.
Magawo amadzi. Ngakhale kusinthasintha kwabwino, ndikwabwino kutsatira ziwonetsero zoyenera zamadzi: kutentha m'litali 24-30 ° C, acidity - kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 8.5 pH ndi kuuma - kuyambira 3 mpaka 35 ° dH.
Zosefera ndibwino kungokhala ndi zochepa zapano, popeza nsomba zamphamvu sizimakondedwa. Aeration ndiosankha. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusintha gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a madzi sabata iliyonse.
M'malo mopewedwa kwambiri, nsomba zamtunduwu zimatha kupewedwa.
Kuwala kwa gourami sikofunikira.
Kudulira mdima ndikulimbikitsidwa, ndiye kuti mtundu wa Gurami udzakhala wowala komanso wosiyanitsa momwe zingathekere, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nsombazo ziziwoneka bwino kwambiri. Timiyala tating'ono, tchipisi ta granite, mchenga wowuma tichita.
Zomera ndibwino kubzala pang'ono m'magulu. Musaiwale za malo osambira. Monga lamulo, imasiyidwa pakatikati, ndipo mbali ndi kumbuyo kwake zimabzalidwa ndi masamba a cirrus, Elodei, cryptocoryne, Wallisneria, Hornwort, echinodorus, Thai fern. Kuyandama kuyeneranso. Adzafunika kuti amange chisa, ngati kutulutsa kumakonzekereratu. Pamwamba mutha kuloleza duckweed, yakua, pistach, salvia.
Kukongoletsa. Kuphatikiza pazitengo, ndibwino kumanga malo okhala kuchokera kumata ndi mabowo.
Momwe mungadyere Marble Gourami
Izi nsomba zimatha kudya zamtundu uliwonse:
- amoyo: artemia, mayi, magazi, thumwa,
- achisanu, kuphatikiza nyama yam'madzi yam'madzi, shrimp, mussel,
- youma: gammarus ndi ma cyclops mu mawonekedwe amtambo kapena mphete,
- masamba: osankhidwa ndi kuwiritsa pamwamba pa dandelion kapena masamba letesi, oatmeal.
Mukamasankha chakudya, choyimira chachikulu ndi kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, popeza kamwa la nsomba ndilochepa. Zazikulu, zimatha kutsamwitsidwa mosavuta. Inde, kusiyanasiyana komanso kusanja bwino sizinathetse. Amapirira modekha kumenyedwa kwamvula kwa milungu iwiri.
Gourami imawononganso majeremusi (monga hydra ndi planaria) omwe agwera mumadzi ndi chakudya. Sakanalola kudya nkhono.
Gurami Marble: Kuberekanso
Ambiri mwa nsomba izi amayamba kuswana ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi itatu.
Njirayi siili yovuta kwambiri, koma mudzafunika kuwaza kwakukulu (malita 30-50.) Ndi mbewu zochuluka. Kutentha kwamadzi mkati mwake kuyenera kupitilizidwa pa 26-27 ° C, ndipo kutalika kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi cm 13..Dothi ndilosankha. Kuuma kuyenera kukhala pa 10 ° dH ndi acidity pa 7.0 pH. Galasi yakutsogolo imalimbikitsidwa kuti iphimbidwe. Pazambiri zam'madzi, kuwaza ndi kosafunika, chifukwa mwachangu sangakhale moyo.
Kwa masabata 1-2, opanga amagawidwa ndi jenda, amabzala ndikuchita zambiri kudyetsa kangapo patsiku. Mutha kupatsa nyongolotsi zamagazi ndi corvette. Ndikothekanso kudziwa kukonzekera kwa mkaziyo pofalikira pamimba yake yodzala ndi caviar. Kenako yamphongo imayikidwa pamalo osakira.
Amayamba kumanga chisa cha chithovu ndi mbewu zoyandama mumakona amadzimadzi, ndikuzikhazikitsa ndi malovu. Muli mwachangu. Chisa chikamangidwa (pafupifupi mkati mwa masiku awiri ndi theka), chikazi chimatha kukhazikika pamenepo, ndipo pakapita nthawi yocheperako chimayamba masewera. Wamphongo amawonekera ndikuwongola zipsepse, kuyesera kuti adziwonetse yekha momwe angathere.
Yaikazi yomaliza imasambira kupita ku chisa, ndikukhala pansi pake, yamphongo imalumikizana ndi thupi lake ndikuthandizira kuyikira mazira, ngati kuti ikumufungatira, komanso nthawi yomweyo. Pali mazira pafupifupi 700-800. Wamphongo amawasonkhanitsa ndi kamwa yake ndikuwayika pakati pa chisa. Ngakhale kuti pali mazira ambiri, ana ambiri, monga lamulo, amafa pakadali pano kapena atakwanitsa zaka.
Pambuyo poti zonse zatha, mkaziyo amagonekedwa kunja kuti wamwamuna asamuphe. Ndipo akutsalabe chisa ndi ana. Kwa tsiku limodzi ndi theka, sadya chilichonse, atatenga wotchi yake.
Pakulowetsa mazira pachisa, kuwala kumayaka usiku. Ndikofunikira kuti tchuthi yaimuna ikhale, kuti asagone osatsatira mazira omwe atuluka pachisa.
Wamphongo amachotsedwa pamene mwachangu ayamba kusambira kuchokera pachisa (patatha pafupifupi masiku atatu) kuti asawadye kapena kuwononga poyesa kuwabweza.
Amayamba kudyetsa mwachangu ndi "fumbi lamoyo," ndipo ndi microworm, pamene akukula, amasintha kukhala nauplii artemia ndi nematode. Kudyetsa zowuma kumawonjezera imfa yawo. Zakudya zotsala ziyenera kuchotsedwa pomwepo. Kusunga ukhondo wamadzi ndikuupatsa mpweya wabwino ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa chida cha maze ku Gurami sichimapangika nthawi yomweyo. Mwachangu ayenera kukhala osanjidwa kukula, popeza amakula mosiyanasiyana ndipo anthu okulirapo amakonda kudya anzawo ang'onoang'ono.
M'miyezi ingapo yoyambirira atabadwa, achichepere amapangika chipangizo chatsopano, motero nthawi imeneyi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti madzi azikhala ochepa kwambiri mpaka 15 cm.
Matenda a Marble Gourami
Mukamaliza kugula nsomba muyenera kukhala mokhazikika kwa sabata limodzi. Zokha zimatha kuthana ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zonyamula ndipo zimatha kupatsira nsomba zina. Munthawi imeneyi, amalimbikitsidwa kusamba kwa mphindi 15 tsiku lililonse ndi njira zamchere, anti-biomycin kapena oxytetracycline, yankho lofooka la wobiriwira wanzeru, methylene buluu kapena rivanol. Pakati pa malo osambira amasungidwa mumtsuko wina ndi madzi oyera.
Omwe amayambitsa matenda ndi ma virus, mabakiteriya, nyongolotsi, mafinya ndi microscopic bowa. Zimasamba nsomba zodwala, kenako zimasamukira kwa anthu ena, ndikuyambitsa miliri. Zowonongeka zakusamalidwa ndikudyetsa zimatha kupangitsa matenda.
Pakati pa gourami, matenda otsatirawa ndiofala kwambiri:
- Lymphocystosis Zizindikiro: Zilonda zotseguka, maimvi otuwa komanso utoto wakuda wosazungulira wozungulira wotupa. Nsombayi imawoneka ngati yowazidwa ndi semolina.
- Pseudomoniasis Zizindikiro: mawanga akuda amasintha zilonda zofiira. Nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi yachiwiri matenda ndi saprolegniosis.
- Aeromoniosis. Matenda amatenga pakati pa chakudya, nthawi zambiri mumapezeka m'madziwe a anthu ochulukirachulukira. Zizindikiro: mamba okwera, kusayenda, kukana kudya, kutupa pamimba ndi kuphulika.
- Ichthyophthyroidism. Wothandizirana ndi causative ndi infasitic infusoria yemwe amakhudza nsomba ndi kufooka chitetezo chokwanira. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhudza anthu okhala m'madzimo mu nyengo ya demi, pomwe matenthedwe am'madzi amatha kusintha kwambiri. Zizindikiro: nsomba zowuma, zazing'ono zoyera kuzungulira thupi lonse la nsomba.
Kuti mupewe mavuto awa, ndikokwanira kuwonetsetsa kuti akusamalidwa komanso kupatsidwa chakudya choyenera. Koma mwambiri awa ndi nsomba zosasamala, zaubwenzi, zosangalatsa komanso zokongola, zomwe ngakhale woyamba kumene amatha kuzichita. Ndipo kuthekera kopha majeremusi am'madzi kumawapangitsa kukhala othandiza kawiri konse.
Kukhala mwachilengedwe
Popeza gourami wa miyala ya marble ndi mtundu wopangidwa mwaluso, sizipezeka mwachilengedwe.
Mitundu yomwe adachokera ku Asia - Indonesia, Sumatra, Thailand. Muchilengedwe mumakhala malo otsika osefukira ndi madzi. Amakhala madzi osasunthika kapena osakwiya - madambo, kuthilira madzi, minda ya mpunga, mitsinje, ngakhale mitsinje. Amakongoletsa malo popanda ndalama yapano, koma ndi masamba am'madzi ambiri.
M'nyengo yamvula, amasamukira kumitsinje kupita kumadzi, ndipo munyengo yamvula amabwerera. Mwachilengedwe, amadya tizilombo komanso mitundu yambiri ya bio plankton.
Nkhani ya nsangalabwi ya mabulosi imayamba chifukwa choti wobala waku America wotchedwa Cosby adamtulutsa mu gourami wabuluu. Kwakanthawi ndithu mitunduyi idatchedwa dzina la obereketsa, koma pang'onopang'ono idalowetsedwa ndi dzina lomwe tikudziwa nalo tsopano.
Kufotokozera
Thupi limakhala lokwera, pambuyo pake loponderezedwa, lokhala ndi zipsepse zozungulira komanso zazikulu. M zipsepse zamkati zimasandulika tinyanga tating'onoting'ono, komwe nsomba zimamverera dziko lapansi komanso zomwe zimakhala ndi maselo olimba a izi. Monga nsomba zonse zokhala ndi labyrinth, harlequin imatha kupuma mpweya wa mlengalenga, womwe umathandizira kuti izitha kukhala m'mavuto.
Mtundu wa thupi ndi wokongola kwambiri, makamaka amuna amuna osangalala. Thupi lakuda lamtambo lokhala ndi mawanga amdima limafanana ndi nsangalabwi, pomwe gourami adadziyitanira.
Ili ndi nsomba yayikulu ndipo itha kufikira 15 cm, koma nthawi zambiri imachepera. Nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi moyo kuyambira zaka 4 mpaka 6.
Zovuta pazomwe zili
Nsomba yosanyinyirika kwambiri, yomwe mutha kulimbikitsa bwino oyamba kumene.
Imachepetsa chakudya, ndipo imatha kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Zimakhala bwino m'malo amodzi am'madzi, koma amuna amatha kumenyerana okha kapena ndi mitundu ina ya gourami.
Kudyetsa
Mtundu wopatsa chidwi, mwachilengedwe umadya tizilombo ndi mphutsi zake. Mu aquarium mutha kudyetsa mitundu yonse yazodyetsa, yokhala, yozizira, yokumba.
Zomwe zimadyetsa ndizoyenera kudyetsa - masamba kapena granules. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kudyetsa amoyo: ma cellworm, tubule, coronet, artemia.
Chochititsa chidwi ndi pafupifupi gourami aliyense ndikuti amatha kusaka tizilombo touluka pamwamba pa madzi, ndikuwagogoda ndi madzi otuluka pakamwa pawo. Nsombayo imafunafuna nyama, kenako ikalavula madzi, ndikuigwetsa.
Ana aubongo amatha kusungidwa mu malita 50, kwa akuluakulu mumafunikira aquarium kuchokera ku malita 80. Popeza nsomba zimapuma mpweya m'mlengalenga, ndikofunikira kuti kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa madzi ndi mpweya mchipindacho ndikocheperako.
Sakonda kutuluka, ndipo ndibwino kukhazikitsa fyuluta kuti ikhale yochepera. Aeration zilibe kanthu kwa iwo.
Ndikwabwino kubzala nsomba m'madzimo ndi mbewu, chifukwa nsomba zimatha kukhala zochulukirapo komanso malo omwe nsomba zimatha kuthawira ndizofunikira.
Magawo amadzi amatha kukhala osiyana kwambiri, amasinthana bwino ndi magawo osiyanasiyana. Mulingo woyenera: kutentha kwa madzi 23-28 ° С, ph: 6.0-8.8, 5 - 35 dGH.
Kugwirizana
Zabwino kwa ma aquariums wamba, koma amuna amatha kukhala ankhanza kwa amuna ena omwe ali ndi gourami. Komabe, ndi payekha komanso zimatengera mtundu wa nsomba inayake. Ndikwabwino kusungitsa okwatirana, ndipo ngati pali nsomba zingapo, ndiye kuti pangani malo mu malo osungirako nsomba momwe nsomba zopanda mphamvu zingathawireko.
Pakati pa oyandikana, ndibwino kusankha nsomba zamtendere, zofanana kukula kwake ndi kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, ma barat a Sumatran amatha kukoka ziphuphu zawo zam'mimba.
Kuswana
Monga ma labyrinths ambiri, mu miyala ya gourami, kubereka kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chisa, chomwe champhongo chimamanga kuchokera ku chitho chomwe udzu umakula.
Sizovuta kubereketsa, koma muyenera malo osyankhira, okhala ndi mbewu zokwanira ndi galasi lamadzi lalikulu.
Magula angapo amapatsidwa chakudya chochuluka, kangapo patsiku. Yaikazi yokonzekera kuterera imatopa kwambiri, chifukwa cha caviar.
Awiri amatumizidwa kukatulutsa, ndimtundu wa malita 50 kapena kupitirira. Mulingo wamadzi mkati mwake uyenera kukhala 13cm, ndipo kutentha kutentha mpaka 26-27 ° C.
Wamphongo amayamba kupanga chisa cha chithovu, nthawi zambiri pamakona a aquarium, panthawi yomwe amatha kuyendetsa chachikazi, ndipo ayenera kupanga mwayi woti abisale.
Pambuyo poti chisa chimangidwe, masewera a matching amayamba, wamwamuna amathamangitsa chachikazi, kufalitsa zipsepse ndikuzisonyeza m'njira yabwino kwambiri.
Yaikazi yomaliza imasambira kupita ku chisa, yamphongo imamukumbatira ndikuthandizira kuyikira mazira, pom'patsa nthawi yomweyo. Caviar, ngati mphutsi, ndiwopepuka kuposa madzi ndipo imayandama chisa.
Nthawi zambiri, wamkazi amatha kusinthana ndi mazira 700 mpaka 800.
Pambuyo pang'onong'ono, wamkazi amawotedwa, chifukwa yamphongo imatha kumupha. Wamphongo wotsalira amayang'anira chisa ndikuchikonza.
Fryayi ikangoyamba kusambira kuchoka pachisa, mbewa zam'muna zimabzalidwa, pofuna kupewa kudya.
Fryayo amadyetsedwa ndi infusoria ndi microworm, mpaka amatha kudya artemia nauplia.
Zochitika zathupi
Marble gourami ndi nsomba yolembera. Ubalewu ndi womwe umapanga gawo lalikulu la kapangidwe ka kayendedwe ka kupuma - kuti athe kukhala m'malo opanda mpweya wokwanira, nsomba zimatha kuchirikiza moyo pakupuma mpweya wamlengalenga pamwamba. Amakhala ndi gourami kuyambira zaka zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu.
Kuwala
Kwa kuunikira kwa miyala ya gourami sikugwira ntchito yayikulu. Popeza achibale awo amakhala m'malo otetezeka m'malo awo achilengedwe, nsomba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zofewa. Njira yabwino ikhoza kukhala kuwala kwa m'mawa kapena kuwala kwa m'mawa kuchokera pawindo. Kuti mupeze kuyatsa kwamuyaya, ndibwino kusankha nyali yomwe idzaikidwe pansi pa chivundikiro cha aquarium.
Zomera ndi dothi
Chofunikira pakukula bwino kwa gourami aliyense wamadzi ndi masamba ambiri. Imabalalitsa zowunikira ndikupanga malo osavuta omanga nyumba zogona kapena zisa.
Njira yabwino yokhala nsomba ndi m'madzi amene amadzalidwa bwino. Koma, kuti musatembenuze madziwo kukhala nkhalango ndikukhala okongola, mutha kuyikamo nyama yonse kukhoma lakumbuyo kapena pakuya kwa malo ojambulira.
Zomera zotsatirazi ndizoyenera kuziyika:
- Khwalala
- Wallisneria
- Elodea
- Echinodorus,
- Hornwort
- Thai fern,
- Cryptocoryne.
Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kugula mbewu zoyandama zomwe zimapanga chotchinga pakati pa madzi ndi mpweya wa chipinda. Izi zikuphatikiza duckweed yaying'ono, richchia (madzi moss), pistachia (kabichi yamadzi), ndi salvinia yoyandama.
Dothi la Aquarium limasankhidwa kutengera mbewu zomwe zasankhidwa, zomwe zikuyenera kuyikidwamo. Nthawi zambiri imakhala mchenga, miyala yamiyala kapena tchipisi cha granite. Mukamasankha mtundu, ndibwino kupatsa chidwi ndi mithunzi yakuda - kotero mtundu wa gourami umawoneka wowoneka bwino.
Matenda ndi Kuteteza
Kukhazikika kwa matenda poyambilira kumatha kupangitsa chisamaliro chosauka, chakudya choyenera komanso kusamalira malamulo aukhondo.
Matenda akulu atatu ndiofala pakati pa gourami:
- Lymphocystis (lymphocystosis) - thupi la nsomba limakutidwa ndi mabala, mafupa, ali ndi zokutira zowunika zomwe tingaziyerekeze ndi semolina,
- Pseudomonosis - mawonekedwe a thupi lakuda lomwe limasanduka zilonda zofiyira,
- Aeromonosis - mamba akuyamba kuyenda, nsombayo siyimayenda, ikana kudya, m'mimba muli zizindikiro za kutukuka ndi zizindikiro zodziwika za kuphulika.
Pofuna kupewa matenda, muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:
- khalani pansi kwa nsomba ndi nsomba zatsopano zomwe mwapeza, ndikusinthika kwakawonongeka - uku ndikukhazikikanso kwakanthawi kochepa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chidebe chokhala ndi malo osungirako tsiku ndi tsiku oyambitsa matenda, kutalika kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri,
- sinthani kuchuluka kwa anthu am'madzi, kuthana ndi kuchuluka,
- mayendedwe abwino
- m'malo pafupipafupi madzi mu aquarium.
Marble gourami ndi nsomba yosanyengerera yokhala modekha, yamtendere. Kukhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo komanso owoneka bwino, amakongoletsa aquarium iliyonse.
Kupangitsa kukhala kwa gourami mu aquarium kukhala yabwino, komanso kuti mwini wake alandire zokongola, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo onse azikongoletsa, kudyetsa ziweto pokhapokha ndi zakudya zapamwamba kwambiri komanso kusunga ukhondo wosungira.
Kuswana
Kuti mukhale ndi ana okongola, ndikofunikira kuti musadutsane pakati pawo. Ndiye kuti, ngati mukufuna kukonza miyala ya mabo, ndiye kuti simuyenera kuwoloka, mwachitsanzo, ndi mitundu ya ngale, popeza ma hybrids amakhala ndi khungu loyipa.
Sabata imodzi isanabadwe, makolo amakhala pansi ndipo amadyetsedwa kwambiri ndi artemia, mamina a magazi, maubulo abululi, ndi corvette. Nthawi zambiri kuwaza kumachitika awiriawiri, koma nthawi zina gulu la anthu limatengedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti likatsimikizire umuna wa mazira.
Pobereka, muyenera kugawa malita 30-50 malita. Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zoyandama pansi ngati duckweed, pistachia, riccia. Pakadali pano, makolo amawopa, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuwachotsera zakunja zakunja. Nthawi zina ngakhale galasi lakutsogolo limatsekedwa chifukwa cha izi.
Kupangitsa kuti gourami ipangidwenso, pamafunika kukweza kutentha mpaka madigiri 26-28. Kuuma, m'malo mwake, kutsika mpaka 10 °. Acidity ili pafupi 7, ndiye kuti, chosonyeza osatenga mbali.
Choyamba, ikamamera, yamphongo imayamba kupanga chisa cha mabatani amlengalenga. Pama mphamvu, amagwiritsa ntchito tinthu tambiri. Malo a caviar akakhala okonzeka, yaimuna imayitana chachikazi, pambuyo pake imakulungirayo ndikufinya mazira.
Kenako amadzinyamula ndi kamwa yake, ndikuwasunthira kuchisa ndikubwereza zomwezo mpaka atafinya mazira onse achikazi. Izi zitha kupitilira kwa maola angapo motsatizana. Mkazi m'modzi amatha kusesa mazira 2000.
Kenako mbewuyo imachita ndi “abambo” okha. Nthawi zina, wamkazi amatha kuthandizira, koma ngati akukanidwa, ndibwino kumubweza ku aquarium wamba.
Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imatenga tsiku limodzi ndi theka, kenako mphutsi zotuluka mazira. Patatha masiku atatu, anayamba kusambira ndi kudyetsa. Kholo lomaliza liyenera kuchotsedwa, kutsitsa madzi kufika pa 10-15 masentimita pafupifupi mwezi (mpaka labu lachipangizidwe mu mwachangu). Kuyambira pano kupita patsogolo, kuwaza kuyenera kukhala ndi gawo lochepa.
Monga chakudya choyambira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma ciliates kapena fumbi lamoyo. Kukula kwachichepere kumakula mwachangu ndipo anthu ena amatha kupitilira "anzawo" ngakhale kudya. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuzisintha kukula.
KanemaKutuluka kwa gourami wamkazi wammadzi ndi nyani wamphongo
Mawonekedwe akunja amtunduwu
Marble Gurami ali ndi thupi lathanzi, lathyathyathya. Pamwamba pake pali zipsepse zazikulu zofanana ndi kukula kwa anthu. Zipsepse zamkati zimawoneka ngati nyerere, chifukwa cha zomwe gourami amayesa chilengedwe. Paziphuphuzo pali ma receptor omwe amawona kusintha kosachedwa kwambiri kutentha, komanso kuyankha kuyandikira.
Popeza nsombazo zimayimira ma Labyrinths motsatizana, gourami m'madzi amapuma mpweya wa mlengalenga, ndipo ndi mawonekedwe awa amatha kukhala ndi mpweya wocheperako.
Nsombazo zimapakidwa utoto wokongola, nthawi yomwe zikudontha zamphongo zimakhala zowala kwambiri. Masikelo ndi amtambo wakuda ndi mawanga omwe adakonzedwa mosankha ndipo amawoneka ngati mithunzi ya marble. Munthu payekha ndi wamkulu, motero ndikofunikira kuyisunga m'malo otetezedwa.
Munthu amakhala zaka 6, ngati amasamaliridwa bwino komanso moyenera.
Matenda a mitundu
Atapeza nsomba, amazipatula payokha kwa sabata limodzi. Kanani ndi matenda, koma opatsirana. Ndikwabwino kusamba tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 15 ndi mchere kapena Rivanol. Nthawi yotsala nsomba imayenera kukhala pamalo osiyana ndi madzi oyera.
Pakati pa gourami, pali chizolowezi cha matenda otere:
- Lymphocytosis Zizindikiro zake ndi mabala, maimvi otuwa komanso timabowo tambiri toterera totupa. Nsombayi imawoneka ngati yowazidwa ndi semolina.
- Aeromoniosis.Amayambukiridwa kudzera mu chakudya, makamaka m'malo okhala ndi nsomba zambiri. Zizindikiro ndi mamba okwera, kusuntha pang'ono, kukana kudya ndi kutulutsa.
- Pseudomoniasis Zizindikiro ndi mawanga amdima, omwe pambuyo pake amakhala zilonda zofiira.
Kuti mupewe matenda otere, ndikofunika kusamalira ndikudyetsa anthu omwe. Komabe, nsomba zamtunduwu zam'madzi zoterezi ndizosavuta kusamalira, ngakhale munthu wopanda luso angathane nazo. Popeza nsomba zimawononga ndi kuwononga majeremusi am'madzi, zimathandizadi.
Pomaliza, titha kunena kuti nsomba zam'madzi za gourami zipangitsa kuti dziwe lanyumba likhale lokongola kwambiri, chifukwa mtundu womwe uli m'madzi oyera ndi wochititsa chidwi. Mutha kuyang'ana nsomba izi mwachidwi. Amawoneka achidwi, ngati kuti ali ndi chidwi ndi zomwe zikuchitika. Kusuta kwa iwo ndikosavuta. Nthawi zambiri nsomba zimakonda kukhala zazikulu pakati posungira, m'malo mwake, ndizolengedwa zamtendere.
Kanema wosangalatsa pazomwe zili marble gourami
Mawonekedwe
Thupi la gourami ndi mtundu wakale, wofanana ndi chowongolera. Malipiro akulu amachokera pa anus mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mchira. Mabulo amakula mu gourami, kukula kwa 11-27 cm, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi vuto labwino amafika 15 cm. Maonekedwe a nsomba zam'madzi amatsimikizika ndi chilengedwe cha makolo awo. Mphesa zowola pamimba zimasungidwa kuti zizowonekera m'malo. Malekezero a phenes amayang'ana kusintha kwa kutentha, momwe nyama zimadyera.
Habitat m'malo obisalamo matope achilengedwe kunapangitsa kuti ma labyrinths akhale m'matumba a gill. Nsomba zimakhala pakatikati komanso pamwamba pa mapilitsi amadzi munthawi kuti zitha kugwira gawo la mlengalenga munthawi yake kuti zithandizire kuchepa kwa mpweya m'madzi.
Mtundu wa gourami yam'madzi ndi yofanana ndi nsangalabwi ya buluu wopindika ndi mawanga ndi madontho osiyanasiyana osiyanapo ndi mawonekedwe.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Popeza nsomba zokhala ndi mchenga zimasambira pafupi ndi madzi, mtundu wa dothi ulibe kanthu, koma mtundu wa marble umawoneka wopindulitsa kwambiri kuchokera kumdima wakuda. Malo osungirako zinyalala okongoletsedwa ndi algae ambiri. Kuti muwone ziwetozo zisiyirani ufulu pakhoma. Magawo am'mbuyo ndi mbali abzalidwa ndi Elodea, tsamba la cirrus, cryptocoryne. Kuyandama duckweed, lemba, salvinia kuteteza ziweto ku dzuwa. Kubweretsa malo pafupi ndi zachilengedwe, miyala, matalala, shards zimayikidwa pansi.
Chofunikira china pakukonza aquarium ndikusankha kozizira komwe kumawongolera mphamvu yotaya kupita ku fyuluta.
Kupanda kusakwanira kwa malo osungiramo nyumbayo kumalipidwa ndi kuthekera kwa mabole gourami kugwiritsa ntchito mlengalenga.
Kuti apange malo okhala, nsomba zimasowa ma aquarium okhala ndi malita 50 kapena kupitilira, kutsatira zomwe zimafunikira madzi.
Voliyumu yamadzi (mu malita pa supu imodzi) | Kutentha (° C) | Acidity (pH) | Kuuma (dGH) |
7 – 8 | 23 – 28 | 6,5 – 7,5 | 5 – 20 |
Galasi yophimba pa aquarium imachotsa kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa madzi ndi mpweya, zomwe zimalepheretsa kufooka kwa chitetezo chokwanira, matenda a ziweto. Komabe, pankhaniyi, gourami sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito labyrinth kupuma, chifukwa chake, aquarium iyenera kukhala ndi dongosolo lothandizira bwino.
Kusamalira nkhokwe kumakhala m'malo 20% ya madzi athunthu, nthawi zina kuyeretsa makhoma, zokongoletsera, dothi kuchokera kuzomera ndi zotsalira chakudya, makoma. Maso ochulukirapo omwe amafunikira kudulira, kuchotsa masamba akufa.
Gourami wosagonjetseka ndiosautsa, koma kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino amapatsidwa chakudya chouma, masamba, komanso chopatsa thanzi. Nsomba, zoletsedwa chakudya masiku angapo, kudya algae.