Kufotokozera kwa mbalame

Motley ndi warbler wa banja lansipanali adatchedwa dhahabufinch (lat. Carduelis Carduelis) pazifukwa ziwiri. Woyamba mwa iwo ndi zovala zake zabwino komanso zowala. Chifukwa chachiwiri chikukhudzana ndi dzina la Chilatini la mbalame. "Carduus" m'Chilatini amatanthauza nthula yemwe mbewu zokongola zake amakonda kudya.

Momwe mungasiyanitsire Carduelis ndi achibale ake osavomerezeka mu banja finch - Siskin, kuvina kwa tap, greenfinch?

Mbalameyi ndiyanso yaying'ono kukula, pafupifupi mpheta. Kulemera kwa ma golide agolide akuluakulu kumakhala pafupifupi 20 g, kutalika kwa thupi kumafika mpaka 12 cm, mapiko ndi pafupifupi masentimita 22-25. Ma golide agolide amakhala ndi mutu wowonda kwambiri, wosweka wokhala ndi mutu wozungulira, khosi lalifupi komanso mulomo wawung'ono.

Kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu kuchokera ku mitundu ina ndi kukhalapo kwa mitundu yowala yachikaso, yofiyira, yakuda ndi yoyera mumaulu. Carduelis wamkulu ali ndi zokongoletsera ziwiri pamutu pake - chipewa cha nthenga zakuda ndi malire ofiira a bezel. Mwa abambo, lingaliro lotere ndilofalikira kuposa chachikazi, kotero kuti amatha kusiyanitsidwa, chifukwa apo ayi samasiyana. Carduelis ali ndi masaya oyera, kumbuyo ndi kofiirira, pamimba pali ofiira. Mchira wake ndi mapiko ake ndi zakuda bii ndi mawanga achikaso ndi mikwaso yoyera.

Mawonekedwe Amphamvu

Monga nthumwi zina za banja labwino, Carduelis ndi mbalame yokongola. Mwachilengedwe, amadya nthangala za zitsamba zamtchire - nthula, dandelion, burdock, mpendadzuwa, chicory, mpendadzuwa. Mlomo wakuthwa komanso wocheperako umalola Carduelis kuti azikhomera mbewu, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku ma alder acder.

Carduelis amadyetsa anapiye awo ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Ndipo iwonso nthawi zina amawonjezera zakudya zawo.

Kufalikira mu chilengedwe komanso kusamuka

Mwa moyo, Carduelis adasankhidwa ndi madera ambiri. Europe, Asia, North Africa, Caucasus, Western Siberia ... Komwe kumapezeka mbalameyi! Koma zopanga zagolide sizimakonda kusuntha. Mbalame zimakonda kukhala malo okhala komanso malo, chifukwa zimatero zimangoyenda mozizira kwambiri. Kenako Carduelis ochokera kumpoto chakum'mawa amapita kumwera.

M'magawo onse omwe amagawidwa, Carduelis amasankha mbali zowala za nkhalango zowoneka bwino, mapaki, ndi minda yokhala ndi malo okhala. Sakonda nthito zazingwe, koma khalani pansi pomwe pali zitsamba zambiri ndi namsongole kuti adzipezere chakudya - mbewu zingapo.

Goldfinch Goldfinch

Goldfinch Goldfinch ndiye mitundu yodziwika bwino yamagolide. Malo ake akuluakulu amaphatikizapo Europe, West Asia ndi North Africa. Golide wa mutu wakuda amatchedwanso wofala ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa "mawonekedwe" achilendo a mbalameyi. Thupi laling'ono logwetsedwa, chovala chakuda kumutu, masaya oyera, mkanda wofiyira, mapiko akuda ndi achikaso - izi ndizomwe zimafanana ndi mtundu wamaso wakuda wagolide.

Grefinch wokhala ndiimvi

Wokhazikika ku Asia ndi Siberia. Amasiyana ndi mnzake mumakakulidwe akuluakulu komanso mtundu wowala. Zambiri mwa mbalamezi zimayang'aniridwa ndimtundu wa bulauni ndi imvi, mitundu yoyera - yoyera, yakuda - palibe. Koma mkombero wofiyira kuzungulira mulomo, ngati khadi yochezera yamtunduwu, umadziwikanso ndi golide wamutu wagolide.

Kusiyana pakati pa Carduelis wachikazi ndi wamwamuna

Ma Goldfinches afotokozeratu kuchepa kwa kugonana. Wamkazi amakhala wopepuka pang'ono kuposa wamphongo, koma amasiyananso mukuimba nyimbo zosamveka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake okonda mawonekedwe a nyimbo amalangizidwa kuti azikhala ndi mtima wachimayi. Kuphatikiza apo, malire ofiira ozungulira mulomo wa akazi ndi opapatiza ndipo safika pamaso, mosiyana ndi amphongo.

Carduelis amasintha kwambiri kutengera nyengo yakukhala. Omwe akukhala kumpoto kwa kumpoto, monga lamulo, ndi okulirapo komanso opaka utoto, ndipo kum'mwera kwa Carduelis kuli kowala komanso yaying'ono.

Goldfinch sikuti amangokhala wokongola komanso wogwirizana, komanso ali ndi mawonekedwe amtendere komanso ochezeka. Chifukwa chake, ndizotchuka kwambiri pakati paokonda mbalame monga chiweto.

Kuti mukhale ndi zokongola zamkati, mudzafunika khola osachepera 50 cm lalitali ndi mizere iwiri ndi mitengo yokumbika yosiyanasiyana. Mwachilengedwe, ma carduelis samagwera pansi, nthawi zonse amakonda kuwuluka ndikuyenda, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti awapangire bata kunyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, Carduelis amafunikira kuwala kwambiri ndipo amawopa kukonzekera. Zonsezi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa mukayika cell. Ngati mbalameyo siyichita bwino, khola limakutidwa ndi minofu yowala.

Ma Goldfinches amafunikiranso mbale yayikulu yakumwa ndi tank losambira losiyanamo.

Zakudya za Carduel

Ration ya carduelis ikhala yosakanizika yofanana ndi mbewu za spruce, paini, hemp, dandelion, mpendadzuwa, plantain. Kusakaniza kwa Canary kumakhalanso bwino kwa carduelis. Panthawi yosungunuka, chakudya cha nyama chimawonjezeredwa - tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi nyongolotsi, michere yowonjezera - choko, dongo, mwala wa chipolopolo, miyala yaiwisi yaiwisi, chakudya chobiriwira - masamba, zipatso, amadyera.

Dyetsani mbalamezo m'magawo ang'onoang'ono kawiri patsiku. Kuti musunthe pang'ono mtima, konzekerani chisakanizo cha kaloti wowiritsa ndi mazira.

Carduelis, monga nyama zonse zodya tirigu, amafunika madzi ambiri, omwe amasinthidwa kawiri patsiku.

Kuswana kwa Goldfinch

Ngati amuna ndi akazi angapo atakhazikika m'khola lalikulu, atha kupanga awiriawiri ndi mtundu. Chikazi chimanyamula chisa chamtima. Kuti achite izi, amafunika kuyika zida zomangira m'khola - nthenga, masamba, udzu, makungwa.

Pachimake chimodzi cha ma carduelis pamakhala mazira 5 abuluu kapena obiriwira, omwe, atatha masabata awiri ataswa, amwana amabadwa. Pafupifupi masiku 20 iwo amakula ndikukula, kenako nkusiya chisa.

Mfundo Zosangalatsa:

• Ma Goldfinches adazolowera anthu, ndipo amatha kubwerera kwa mwiniwake atawamasula kuthengo,
• kunyumba, Goldfinch amakhala zaka 15,
• atachoka pachisa, namsongole amakula pafupi ndi chisa masiku enanso 6 mpaka 10, ndipo makolo adyetsa mbalamezo,
• ngati zikhazikika mu khola lomwelo la carduelis ndi canaries, zimatha kubereka ana olowa nawo limodzi, mbalame zosakanizidwa zoterezi ndizowala kwambiri ndipo zimayimba mokongola kwambiri.

Goldfinch

Tsoka la protagonist wa kanema, mnyamatayo Theodore Dekker, amagwa mayeso ambiri. Panthawi yowukira ku Metropolitan Museum of Art, amayi ake amwalira. Modabwitsa kuphulika ndi kuphulikako, koma zopweteketsa mtima, Theo Dekker samaganiziratu kuti tsiku latsikulo likhala bwanji mnzake wachikulire amene akumwalira.

Mlendo amapatsa Theodor ntchito yapadera ya wojambula wachidatchi Karel Fabricius, komanso ling'i - kuyambira pamenepo munthu wamkulu akuyamba kupeza dziko lokongola la zaluso. Mamuna wamasiye amakhazikitsidwa ndi banja lolemera, zomwe zimamupatsa mwayi wopitilira kumalo otetezeka, komwe Theo amatha kuyandikira kwambiri kudziko lazithunzi za mthunzi.

Kanema wapa Goldfinch ndi sewero lopangidwa ndi America. Chiwonetsero cha filimuyi chidakhazikitsidwa motengera momwe buku la dzina lomweli lidasinthidwa ndi wolemba Donna Tartt. Bukuli lidalembedwa zaka khumi ndipo lidasindikizidwa mu 2013, ndipo mu 2014 lidalandira Mphotho ya Pulitzer. Ufulu pakusintha kwa ntchitoyo umawononga Warner Brothers madola mamiliyoni atatu. Ndizabodza kuti mufilimuyi mudagwiritsidwa ntchito chithunzi cha Karel Fabricius "Goldfinch", chomwe chimasungidwa mu Royal Gallery ku Netherlands.

Theodore, yemwe ndi wamkulu, adaseweredwa ndi wosewera Ansel Elgort, yemwe amadziwika ndi makanema otchedwa Blame the Stars, Kid on the Drive and Divergent. Wojambula wachichepere anali wozolowera gawo latsopanoli kotero kuti zimawoneka kuti gawo lidalembedwera iye. Komabe, wosewera yemwe adasewera Theo, yemwe ndi nyenyezi ya Undera Empire Oax Frigli, sanalimbane ndi ntchito yakeyo.