1. Ma dolphins akhala akukondera kwa nthawi yayitali anthu chifukwa cha nzeru zawo zapamwamba.
Ma dolphin amaonedwa ngati nyama zanzeru kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ma dolphin ndi nyama zotchuka komanso zodabwitsa kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yonse ya nyama zam'madzi.
2. Zithunzi za dolphin zinapezeka mumzinda wa Petra ku Yordano. Mzindawu unakhazikitsidwa mu 312 BC. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ma dolphin akhala 'akugwirizana' ndi anthu kwakanthawi. Komanso m'chipululu cha Yordano mudapezeka zifaniziro za dolphin. Modabwitsa, dziko lino ndilotalikirana kwambiri ndi nyama izi.
3.Mu Greece wakale, kupha dolphin kumkaonedwa ngati chipongwe ndipo kulangidwa ndi imfa. Ahelene amawawona ngati "hieros ichthys," omwe amatanthauza "nsomba zopatulika".
4. Chifanizo cha Apollo ku Delphi chinali ndi chithunzi cha nyama iyi.
5. Ku Roma wakale, ma dolphin amakhulupilira kuti amatenga miyoyo kupita ku "Zilumba Zodala" Zithunzi za nyama izi zimapezeka m'manja mwa azimayi achiroma, kuti aziwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi moyo wabwino kupita kumaliro.
Bottlenose Dolphin
6. Mawonekedwe okongola a Oceanic - ma dolphin a botnose, sasiya kudabwitsa dziko lapansi, ndiye zolengedwa zokoma mtima kwambiri komanso zomvera kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ma dolphin a bottlenose ndiwo mitundu yophunziridwa kwambiri ya dolphin. Mwina chifukwa cha izi chinali ubwenzi wawo wachilengedwe, luso komanso kuphunzira kosavuta. Anthu nthawi zonse amatha kukhazikitsa kulumikizana nawo.
7. Amakhala m'madzi ofunda am'nyanja. Chakudya cha dolphin cha botolo ndi nsomba, squid ndi ochepa okhala m'madzi akuya.
8. Bottlenose dolphin ndi cholengedwa chachifundo kwambiri. Mlandu womwe udawonetsa kuti udachitika ku New Zealand mu 2004. Pa mtunda wa mamita zana kuchokera pagombe, opulumutsa anthu anayi adatsutsidwa ndi shaki yoyera. Gulu la ma dolphin okhala ndi botolo la mphindi 40 amateteza anthu ku zilombo zomwe zawonongeka. Palibe chofotokozedwa pamfundo iyi ya kukoma mtima ndi chifundo cha nyama.
9. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti zaka mazana angapo zapitazo dolphin anali ocheperako kuposa masiku ano.
10. Ma dolphin ali ndi mano, koma osawagwiritsa ntchito kutafuna, chifukwa zibwano zawo sizikhala ndi minofu yambiri. Amapanga kuti azitha kugwirira nyama, zomwe pambuyo pake zimamezedwa kwathunthu.
Mitundu yoyera nkhope dolphin
11. Ma dolphin oyera okhala ndi mutu - okhala m'madzi ofunda. Ambiri amakhala m'malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndipo amadya nsomba zochepa. Nthawi zambiri, amapezeka mtundu wa ma dolphin m'mphepete mwa Norway, komwe amawedza.
12. Ma dolphin okhala ndi nkhope yoyera amakhala ndi mano akuda, omwe nthawi zina amawopsa anthu. Komabe, sayenera kuchita mantha, chifukwa amangodya nkhono zam'madzi, nsomba ndi crustaceans. Kwa anthu, nyama izi sizili zowopsa konse, koma zitha kuchitidwa ndi kusasamala panthawi yolumikizirana. Kupanda kutero, zolengedwa zokongola izi ndizabwino monga mamembala ena am'banja.
13. Asayansi ambiri amakonda kuganiza kuti ma dolphin ndi zolengedwa zanzeru zomwe zakhala zikufanana ndi anthu kuyambira pomwe dziko lapansi lidayamba. Ali ndi chilankhulo komanso magawo awo, zochita zawo zamaukadaulo ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi nyama zina zonse ndi nsomba ndipo sizingaphunzitsidwe kwathunthu.
14. Asayansi ofufuza awonetsa kuti ma dolphin omwe ankakhala padziko lapansi asanasanduke madzi. Pophunzira zipsepse zake, asayansi anapeza kuti kwenikweni amapanga ndipo m'mbuyomu ankawoneka ngati zala ndi zala. Chifukwa chake, mwina achibale athu apafupi ndi awa okhala m'madzi.
Pafupifupi zaka 49 miliyoni zapitazo, makolo a dolphin adasamukira m'madzi.
Ma dolphin oyera oyera
16. Pali mawonedwe a dolphin akuda. M'malo mwake, ndikulondola kwambiri kutcha nyamazi kuti ndi oyera-oyera kapena dolphin aku Chile. Ma dolphins adalandira dzina lachilendo chifukwa cha mtundu wawo wamitundu yosiyanasiyana: zipsepse ndi m'mimba mwa zolengedwa zoyera ndizoyera, ndipo thupi lonse limapakidwa utoto. Pakadali pano, dolphin iyi imawonedwa ngati yaying'ono kwambiri pa ma cetaceans onse. Kutalika, amafikira masentimita 170 okha. Mtundu uwu wa ma dolphin sunaphunziridwe pang'ono. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, nyama zimakonda kukhala m'madzi osaya, nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa mkamwa mwamtsinje, pomwe madzi amchere amasakanikirana ndi madzi atsopano. Asayansi sangathe kudziwa za kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi. Ena amakhulupirira kuti pali dolphin zakuda pafupifupi 4000, pomwe ena anena molimba mtima za anthu - 2000 anthu.
17. Nyama izi zimakhala m'mphepete mwa gombe la Chile. Akatswiri akuti mtunduwu nthawi zambiri samakonda kusamukira kumayiko ena ndipo amakhala m'malo obadwira.
Ma dolphins
18. Tsoka ilo, ma dolphin akuda atsala pang'ono kutha, ngakhale sanatetezedwe mwalamulo. Zowonongeka zazikulu za unyinji wawo zidachitidwa ndi asodzi, popeza nyama nthawi zonse zimagwera maukonde awo, zimafera pomwepo.
19. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa asayansi, dolphin iliyonse ili ndi dzina lake, lomwe limatchedwa abale ake. Onsewa amapanga phokoso lachilendo lomwe silovuta kuligwira khutu la munthu, koma m'malo awo munthu amakhala wosiyana ndi wina munjira yake yolankhulirana yachilendo.
20. Kuyesa ndi ma dolphin nthawi zambiri kumasokoneza ofufuza, chifukwa sangathe kupanga lingaliro lolondola pamlingo wawo waluntha. Zachidziwikire, ma dolphin ndi anzeru kwambiri ndipo amabisa zinsinsi zomwe zidzapitiliza kuphunziridwa ndi anthu.
Killer whale
21. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya dolphin ndi anamgumi akupha. Matupi awo amatha kutalika mikono 30. Kuphatikiza apo, mahava opha amawerengedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa omwe amapha mwankhanza kwambiri padziko lapansi.
22. Pakadali pano, mitundu 43 ya ma dolphin ndiyodziwika. 38 Mwa iwo ndi anthu okhala munyanja ndi nyanja, ndipo 5 zotsalazo ndi mtsinje.
23. Amakhala ndi mitundu yofanana ndi mitundu, monga kubadwa kwamoyo, kudya ndi mkaka, kupezeka kwa ziwalo zopumira, khungu losalala, ndi zina zambiri.
24. Komanso ma dolphin amitundu mitundu ali ndi mawonekedwe awo. Nyama zina zimakhala ndi mphuno yayitali, pomwe zina, m'malo mwake, zimapsinjika. Amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana pamtundu komanso kulemera kwa thupi.
25. Ndi zosangalatsa kwambiri momwe ma dolphin amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake ndikuzindikira nyama. Ofufuzawo adapeza kuti pazinthu zosiyanasiyana m'moyo, zolengedwa izi zimakhala ndi mawu ake, ndipo zimagawika mu sonar komanso zimakhudzana. Amagwiritsa ntchito chizimba cha sonar kuti adziwitse nyama, komanso zizolowezi zolumikizana kuti zizilankhulana m'banja.
26. Aphamba achikazi amathandizana kubereka ana. Achibale ena onse panthawiyi amateteza.
27. Asayansi aku America adapanga chipangizo chomwe amayesera kuti azindikire tanthauzo la chizindikiro cha dolphin. Osati kale kwambiri, zidapezeka kuti ma ultrasound opangidwa ndi ma dolphin ali ndi phindu pa thanzi la anthu ndipo amathandizanso pakuthandizira matenda ena.
28. Ma dolphin alibe lingaliro la fungo, koma ali ndi lingaliro lamakomedwe ndipo, monga anthu, amatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa zokoma, zowawa, zowawa ndi zamchere.
29. Ma dolphin amapumira mpweya. Alibe matumba, ngati nsomba, koma ali ndi mapapu ndipo amapumira pamtunda wakumbuyo. Anapumira omwewo ndi ma dolphin amagwiritsa ntchito kupanga mawu osiyanasiyana.
30. Ma dolphin ambiri saona zinthu patsogolo pawo. Mukayang'ana pazinthu, ma dolphin ndipo ngakhale chinsomba cha wakupha chimagona kumbali zawo ndikuwasanthula mothandizidwa ndi diso limodzi kapena linzake.
31. Kuyanjana kwa dolphin ndi munthu nthawi zonse kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamalingaliro am'mbuyo, kotero chithandizo chonga mankhwala a dolphin chawonekera. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amathandiza ana omwe ali ndi mavuto ena oyankhulana. Autism, chidwi deficit disorder, ndipo ngakhale matenda ammimba amatha kuthandizidwa ndi nyama zodabwitsazi.
32. Ma dolphin amalumikizana bwino ndi anthu, atha kuphunzitsidwa, amatha kusungidwa mosavuta. Nyama izi zidaphunzitsidwa pazankhondo ndi maulamuliro awiri akulu padziko lonse m'zaka za zana la makumi awiriwa - United States ndi USSR. Ma dolphins adaphunzitsidwa kuti apeze ma minerals, opulumutsa oyendetsa zombo zoyenda ndi dzuwa komanso kuwononga oyendetsa sitima apamadzi, mwatsoka, kumwalira pa opaleshoni iyi.
33. Liwiro lalikulu pomwe dolphin imasambira kilomita 5-12 pa ola limodzi. Zimatengera mitundu ndi zochitika. Ena mwa ma dolphin othamanga kwambiri amatha kuyenda mwachangu mpaka 32 km / h.
34. Kufikira pansi pa 304 metres, ma dolphin amatha kuwira.
35. Ma dolphin ndi nyama zokhazo zomwe zimabereka mchira wawo wa ana oyamba. Kupanda kutero, ana amira.
Grinda Dolphin
36. Asayansi apeza kuti ma dolphin a botnose amatulutsa timiyala tosiyanasiyana 17 momwe timalumikizirana. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mawu enanso 5 amamveka ndi anthu ena am'banjali - kupukusa ndi makhaseti oyera.
37. Dolphin sonars ndi abwino kwambiri m'chilengedwe, kangapo kuposa ma mile ndi zida zina zomwe zimapangidwa ndi anthu.
38. Ma dolphin ali ndi mimba ziwiri: imodzi ndi yosunga chakudya, inayo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukumba.
39. Ngakhale kuti ma dolphin amatha kukhala zaka 20 zokha, anthu ena azaka zana amatha kukhala ndi zaka 50. Ngakhale mfundo yoti imodzi mwazidole zakale kwambiri zakhala ndi moyo zaka 61 zalembedwa.
40. Ngati m'dera lawo mulibe chakudya chokwanira, ma dolphin amatha kusamukira kumalo ena. Malo atsopano amatengera osati kupezeka kwa chakudya pa iwo, komanso kutentha kwa madzi, omwe sayenera kutsika kuposa kutentha kwa matupi awo.
41. Phiri lolemera makilogalamu 120 patsiku limayenera kudya ma kilogalamu 33 a nsomba, pamene nyama izi sizin wonenepa ndipo sizinanenepa konse.
42. Nyama zam'madzi izi zimasakidwa m'mathumba okha, ndipo sizingakhalenso zokhazokha. Mabanja a Dolphin nthawi zina amakhala pafupifupi anthu 100. Chifukwa cha kuthekera uku, nyamayo samasiyidwa popanda chakudya chochuluka.
43. Popeza ma dolphin amakhala limodzi, mavuto ake sakhala achilendo kwa aliyense payekhapayekha. Ngati chidole chodwala kapena chofooka chikuwonekera m'banjamo, ndiye kuti abale ake onse amamuthandiza ndikumukankhira kumtunda, ndikupangitsa kuti kumume mpweya wabwino.
44. Ma dolphins amagwiritsa ntchito kusodza posaka. Khutu lawo limakonzedwa mwanjira yoti nyama zitha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo, kuchuluka kwake komanso kuchuluka kwa ngoziyo pogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro. Ma dolphin amatha kupangitsa kuti awagwire ndi phokoso lalitali kwambiri, ndipo amalipangitsa.
45. Asayansi amati kusinthaku ndi kusintha kwachilengedwe komwe nyama zapeza posachedwa.
Phiri
46. dolphin yapinki imadziwika kuti ndiyofalikira ndipo imakhala ku Amazon.
47. Ma dolphins amasambira mozungulira ndipo ndi diso limodzi nthawi zonse amawonera kuti adani samawagwera. Pakapita kanthawi, amayamba kusambira ndikuyamba kuyang'ananso ndi diso linalo.
48. Anthu wamba akamva sangathe kugwira mayitanidwe a dolphin. Anthu amawona phokoso mpaka 20 kilohertz, ndipo ma dolphin amatulutsa ma sign pafupipafupi mpaka 200 kilohertz. Asayansi apeza kuti pakulankhula kwa nyama izi kuli azungu oposa 180. Phokoso la ma dolphin limawonjezera masilabo, mawu komanso mawu. Ndipo oimira ma dolphin ochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana akuyitanira wina aliyense m'chinenedwe chake.
49. Nyama zam'nyanja izi zimatha kudumphadumpha pafupifupi mamita 6.
50. Ma dolphin amalemekezedwa kwambiri pakati pa anthu ambiri. M'mayiko ena, anthu ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri ndi nkhani ya ma dolphin omwe ali ku ukapolo. Pofuna kuteteza nyama, malamulo oyenerera amakhazikitsidwa. Malamulo oletsa ma dolphin ogwidwa adakhazikitsidwa ku Costa Rica, Chile ndi Hungary. Osati kale kwambiri, India adalumikizana ndi mayiko awa. Ahindu nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti ma dolphin ndi munthu, chifukwa chake ayenera kukhala ndi ufulu monga anthu. Chifukwa chake kuponderezana kwawo muukapolo nkosavomerezeka.
Zambiri zosangalatsa kwambiri za dolphin
1. Pakadali pano, mitundu 43 ya dolphin ndiyodziwika. 38 Mwa iwo ndi anthu okhala munyanja ndi nyanja, ndipo 5 zotsalazo ndi mtsinje.
2. Asayansi ofufuza awonetsa kuti ma dolphin ankakhala pansi asanasinthe madzi. Pophunzira zipsepse zake, asayansi anapeza kuti kwenikweni amapanga ndipo m'mbuyomu ankawoneka ngati zala ndi zala. Chifukwa chake, mwina achibale athu apafupi ndi moyo wam'madzi.
3. Zithunzi za dolphin zidapezeka mumzinda wa Petra, Yordano. Mzindawu unakhazikitsidwa mu 312 BC. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ma dolphin akhala 'akugwirizana' ndi anthu kwakanthawi.
4. Ma dolphin ndi nyama zokhazokha zomwe zimabala mchira wa ana awo. Kupanda kutero, ana amira.
5. Supuni yamadzi yomwe imagwera m'mapapu a dolphin imatha kunyowetsa nyama yomwe ikumira. Nthawi yomweyo, pofuna kumiza munthu, ndikofunikira kuti supuni ziwiri zamadzi zigwera m'mapapu ake.
6. Ma dolphin amatha kupanga phokoso lomwe amagwiritsa ntchito polankhula mtunda wautali. Komanso, izi zimakupatsani mwayi wodziwa zomwe zili patsogolo pawo, zomwe zimathandiza kuwerengetsa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.
7. Sonar dolphins ndizabwino kwambiri m'chilengedwe, kangapo kuposa ma mile ndi zida zina zomwe zimapangidwa ndi anthu.
8. Pakusala, ma dolphin ayenera kukhala pamwamba pamadzi. Gawo limodzi lokha la ubongo limalumikizidwa, pomwe linalo limangokhala "tcheru." Imathandizira kupuma, komanso imakupatsani mwayi wowunikira zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.
9. "Cove" ndiye filimu yokha ya dolphin yopambana mphotho ya Academy. Mmenemo, owonera amatha kuwona momwe anthu amachiritsira nyama izi. Mutu waukulu waku kanemayo ndi vuto la nkhanza kwa ma dolphin.
10. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti zaka mazana angapo zapitazo dolphin anali ocheperako kuposa masiku ano. Amanenanso kuti kusinthaku ndi kusinthika komwe nyama zimapeza posachedwa.
11. Ma dolphin sagwiritsa ntchito mano awo pakudya. Amapangidwa kuti agwire nyama, yomwe kenako imameza yonse.
12. Chosangalatsa china chokhudza ma dolphin ndichoti ku Greece wakale, kupha dolphin kumkaonedwa ngati chipongwe ndipo kulangidwa ndi imfa. Ahelene amawawona ngati "hieros ichthys," omwe amatanthauza "nsomba zopatulika".
13. Asayansi apeza kuti ma dolphin amatenga mayina awo. Amapanga mluzi wawo payekhapayekha ndipo ngakhale likhweroli litasintha, ma dolphin amatha kuwazindikira.
14. Ma dolphin ayenera kudzipumira. Amakhala ndi njirayi samabweretsedwa ku automatism, poyerekeza ndi anthu.
15. Ma dolphin ali ndi mimba ziwiri: imodzi ndi yosunga chakudya, inayo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukumba.
16. Ngakhale ma dolphin amatha kukhala zaka 17 zokha, ena atha kukhala zaka 50.
17. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya dolphin imadziwika kuti ndi anamgumi opha. Matupi awo amatha kutalika mikono 30. Kuphatikiza apo, mahava opha amawerengedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa omwe amapha mwankhanza kwambiri padziko lapansi.
18. Ngati kulibe chakudya chokwanira mdera lawo, ma dolphin amatha kusamukira kumalo ena. Malo atsopano amatengera osati kupezeka kwa chakudya pa iwo, komanso kutentha kwa madzi, omwe sayenera kutsika kuposa kutentha kwa matupi awo.
19. Ma dolphin amakhala ndi khungu lowonda kwambiri ndipo amatha kuvulala ndikakhudza pang'ono pamalo ovuta kuti avulazidwe. Komabe, ngakhale mabala akuya kwambiri amachira m'nthawi yochepa.
20. Ma dolphin amatha kusambira kuthamanga kwa 3 mpaka 7 miles pa ola limodzi. Koma asayansi adatha kujambula zochitika zingapo pomwe anthu ena mwa nyama izi amasambira mothamanga kwambiri makilomita 20 pa ola limodzi.
21. Nthawi zina ma dolphin amafa akangolowa mu maukonde asodzi.
22. Ku Roma wakale, ma dolphin amakhulupilira kuti amatenga miyoyo kupita ku "Zilumba Zodalitsika." Zithunzi za nyama izi zimapezeka m'manja mwa azimayi achiroma, kuti aziwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi moyo wabwino kupita kumaliro.
23. A dolphin ena amatha kumvetsetsa pafupifupi mawu 60, omwe amatha kupanga ziganizo 2000.Ichi ndichizindikiro chowonekera kuti nyama izi zimazindikira.
24. Ma dolphin alibe lingaliro la fungo, koma ali ndi lingaliro lamakomedwe ndipo, monga anthu, amatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa zokoma, zowawa, zowawa ndi zamchere.
25. Ndipo mfundo yomaliza mwamphamvu kwambiri yokhudza ma dolphin ndikuti nyama izi zimatha kupha shaki. Amachita izi pomenya mwamphamvu mphuno zawo ndi pamphumi.
Ma dolphin ndi nyama zodabwitsa zomwe zimadabwitsabe anthu pomupeza kwatsopano kwa sayansi.