Masamba a mitengo, zitsamba ndi herbaceous, mawonekedwe ofanana amawonekera nthawi zambiri. Amatchedwa migodi ndipo tizirombo tawo timayamba chifukwa cha migodi ya tiziromboto timene timayamwa masamba pansi pa khungu.

Minerals imawononga mitengo yonse yodziyimira ndi yopanda zipatso, pafupifupi zitsamba zonse, mbewu, zonse zokongoletsera komanso mankhwala, maluwa ndi namsongole.

Pakati pa mitengo - mwachitsanzo, mifuwa ya kavalo, linden, holly, mtengo wa ndege, robinia, phulusa lamapiri, thuja, mtengo wa apulopakati pa zitsamba - privet, rose, scoopia, hawthorn, honeysuckle, spireaPakati pa zomera zotchedwa herbaceous - golide, basamu, sitiroberi, clover, clematis, stonecrop, euphorbia, belu, Centaury, dandelion, violet.

Nthawi zambiri ogwira ntchito amtundu umodzi amawonongera mbewu zamtundu wina, zomwe zimawonekera m'mazina awo - popula njenjete, londen moth, nightshade minesweeper.

Ntchentche za migodi - momwe mungamenyere

Ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba omwe anakhudzidwa, omwe mawonekedwe a mchere amawonekera. M'pofunika kupachika misampha ya ntchentche. M'madera, ndikofunikira kupaka malamba a glue ku mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo - mphutsi ndi ntchentche zachikulire zimagona ming'alu mu khungwa, komanso m'malo obisika pamitengo ndi zitsamba (kuphatikiza zinyalala zamasamba). Wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito misampha yopachikidwa chikasu - mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zidutswa za linoleum, plywood ndi zinthu zina. Mbaleyi imadzola mafuta ndi njira yotsamira zomata ndipo imapachikidwa m'malo obiriwira masamba pamlingo wakukula kwa masamba.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kumamveka bwino kunyumba ngati tizirombo tikuyambiranso maluwa. Poterepa, mutha kuwaza mbewuzo ku ntchentche za migodi ndi kukonzekera: actellik, karbofos, actara, tanrek, apache kapena confidor. Komanso, ma organophosphorous tizirombo (Zolon, BI-58 yatsopano) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ateteze motsutsana ndi agromisides, amawachiritsa mu kugwa, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tisanazizire (tisanalowe mu diapusing) mwa kupopera mitengo ikuluikulu. Kukonzekera kwa kalasi la neonicotinoids - Confidor Maxi, Aktara, Mospilan - kuthirira dothi mozungulira mbewu zazing'ono kapena maluwa, kuthirira mozungulira mitengo ndi zitsamba mosagwirizana - kumwa kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kufotokozera kwa tizilombo

Awa ndi ntchentche zazing'ono zokhala ndi m'mimba, miyendo yayifupi ndi mapiko owonekera. Nthawi zambiri amapaka utoto wowoneka bwino. Ali ndi chovala cham'maso, chomwe chimapanga ma penti m'zinthuzo kuti ayamwe msuzi wa mbewuyo kapena kuyikira mazira pamalo opumira.

Mphutsi za ntchentche zakuuluka, zomwe zimatuluka dzira, zimaluma minofu ya mbewuyo ndikudya masamba osiyanasiyana. Kusunthaku kumatchedwa minami. Mphutsi ndizochepa kwambiri, kutalika kwake ndi 1-3 mm okha. Kukula kwa mphutsi kumatenga masiku 8 mpaka 14, ndipo nthawi yonse yozungulira moyo wam'mimba ntchentche imangotenga milungu itatu kapena isanu yokha!

Mitundu ina, thukuta limapezeka mwachindunji mu tsamba, ndi ena munthaka.

Zosiyanasiyana

Ntchentche za migodi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi luso lapamwamba kwambiri, ndiye kuti, mphutsi za mitundu yosiyanasiyana zimadyanso timitundu ina yazomera. M'mitundu yambiri ya ntchentche za migodi, mphutsi zimadya masamba, koma pali mitundu yomwe mphutsi zake zimadya zipatso, mizu, inflorescence, kapena mababu. Mwachitsanzo, mphutsi za bulb ntchentche zimawononga mababu a adyo ndi anyezi, omwe amakhala ofewa komanso owola.

Beetroot

Ntchentche za migodi ya beet zimayambitsa mavuto akulu. Mphutsi zawo zimadya masamba a beets, sipinachi, komanso mitundu ina ya nightshade. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kudya zakuthengo nightshade. Akuluakulu amafika pamtunda wa 6-8 mm. Ntchentche zimayikira mazira pansi pa tsamba. Mazira angapo amaikidwa nthawi imodzi, pa moyo umodzi mkazi mmodzi amatha kubereka mazira 100. Patatha masiku anayi kapena asanu pambuyo pake, mazira amuluka mphutsi zomwe zimayenda mu tsamba (mwanjira ina, anga). Pamwamba pa pepalali, migodi iyi imawoneka ngati matope achikasu achikasu. Popeza takhazikika pazomera zazing'ono zazikazi, mphutsi za ntchentche za migodi nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kufa kwa mbande. Pambuyo pake, chitukuko ndi ntchentche zam'mimbazi zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mizu yambiri. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, mibadwo itatu ya ntchentche imatha kusintha nthawi yotentha. Ntchentche zimakhazikika pansi, ndipo m'dzinja nthawi yozizira mwanjira ya pupae (pupae wa ntchentche amatchedwanso cocoon).

Nightshade

Ogwira ntchito ngati migodi ya nightshade ndi ntchentche zazing'ono okha 2-2,5 mm kutalika. Tizilombo timeneti kuwononga nkhaka, tomato, kabichi, letesi, parsley, udzu winawake ndi mavwende. Akazi a m'badwo woyamba amaikira mazira mu cotyledons kapena masamba achichepere. Mphutsi zomwe zimawonekera koyambirira kwamasika nthawi zina zimayambitsa kufa kwa mbewu zazing'ono. Ntchentche zikaikira mazira pamasamba, ndiye kuti zimawonekera mu chikasu.

Kukumana ndi mphutsi mawonekedwe, kapena migodi, masamba. Mkati mwamigodi mumatha kuwona njira yakuda yoperekera zakumaso. Pafupifupi milungu itatu chibadwire, mphutsi imatuluka, imagwera pansi, kenako ndikudzigoneka pansi ndikuchita chrysalis pomwe munthu wamkulu amatuluka patatha masiku ochepa. Popeza akula ambiri, ogwira ntchito mu minerals akuletsa kukula kwa mbewu, ndipo masamba omwe amakhudzidwa amawuma ndikugwa. Koma ngakhale ochepa ogwira ntchito amachepetsa zokolola.

Chaka chilichonse, tizirombo ta mbatata timawononga matani a mbewuzo. Phunzirani momwe titha kutchingira tizirombo tanu m'munda uno powerenga nkhaniyi.

Simukudziwa momwe mungatetezere Cherry yanu kuchokera ku mphutsi zoyera zomwe zimakhala pamkati mwa chipatso? Kenako mupeza kuti nkhaniyi ndi yofunika pa ulalo wa https://stopvreditel.ru/rastenij/selxoz/vishnevaya-muxa.html.

Njira zomenyera nkhondo

Popeza pupae wa ntchentche ntchentche hibernate m'nthaka, amakumba kwambiri kuti alimbane nawo nthaka, kotero pupae amapita pansi kwambiri ndikufa.

Popeza ntchentche za migodi ya migodi zimatha kudya maudzu a nightshade ndi utsi, ndikofunika kuwononga namsongole wapafupi ndi mitundu yazomera. Pofuna kuthana ndi ntchentche za migodi, ma epomic entomophages angagwiritsidwe ntchito - tizilombo apadera timene timadya mitundu ya ntchentche, koma kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo pobiriwira kumathandiza.

Tizilombo tanthete timagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala musanafesere. Mwachitsanzo, polimbana ndi ntchentche za migodi, chithandizo cha njere za Tabu ndizothandiza. Ndizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa gulu la nicotinoid pokhapokha ndikugwiritsa ntchito dothi.

Chida cha Verimek, chomwe chimatha kulowa mkati mwa tsamba, chimagwirizana ndi ntchentche zazikulu komanso mphutsi zonse.

ZOSANGALIRA ZONSE ZOPHUNZITSA NKHANI IYI >> >>

Ambiri ogwira ntchito m'migodi yozizira nthawi yozizira, ena mu mphutsi kapena wamkulu tizilombo. Mkulu akakula, anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi amalowerera munthambi komanso m'malo ena otetemera, mwachitsanzo, m'nyumba. Pamalo ovutirapo, ma miners nyengo yachisanu pamwamba panthaka, m'matumba, nthambi, masamba, masamba, ndi m'nthaka, nthaka, masamba, masamba, ndi ming'alu.

Mitundu ina ya anthu ogwira ntchito mgodi nthawi zonse imakhala ndi m'badwo umodzi wokha, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mibadwo yamtundu wina kumatengera kutentha pa nthawi yomwe akula.

Mitundu ina ya ogwira ntchito m'migodi imawononga masamba okha mu masika, ena m'chilimwe, ndipo ena kuchokera kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Nthawi zachitukuko za mibadwo ingapo zikuchulukana, zomwe zimasokoneza kutsimikiza kwa nthawi yodziteteza.

Mwa olemba masamba, nthumwi za Lepidoptera (ma moth-ma miners) ndi ma dipterans (ntchentche-agromisides), mapiko ocheperako (golide wamtundu, kafadala wa masamba, weevils) ndi hymenopteran wolamulira (sawflies weniweni).

Mina - "khadi loyitanitsa" la ogwira ntchito m'migodi. Mtundu uliwonse wa mgodi umadziwika ndi mtundu winawake wa ma minerals, malo awo pepala, komanso migodi - mphutsi, zimbudzi ndi mabowo othawa. Migodi imatha kukhala ngati mawonekedwe a ngalande, malo kapena ngalande yokhala ndi malo kumapeto.

Kuvulaza kwa ogwira ntchito m'migodi kumaonekera pakuchepa kwa kukula kwa mbewu, kukongoletsa kwawo, kukula, kukula kwa zipatso ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbewu yabwino. Kuvuta kwa anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi kumachulukitsa kumadera komwe kumalimidwa chomera chimodzi kapena zingapo, m'malo obzala mitengo, malo osungiramo ana, paminda yobzala mankhwala kapena nkhalango.

Zotsatira zakutukuka kwa migodi, tsamba limatsika, lomwe limatchera fumbi ndi mpweya wotulutsa, ndi photosynthesize, zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa mitengo. Maluwa owonjezera a mbewu zowonongeka kwambiri ndi ogwira ntchito m'migodi, omwe amapezeka nthawi yophukira, nawonso amachepetsa. Nthambi za mitengo yotere nthawi zina zimayamba kuzizira. Ndi kuchuluka kachulukidwe ka migodi, kukongoletsa kwa mbewu ndikulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga kumachepetsedwa, masamba amagwa msanga. Kuchepetsa mbewu zochuluka zomwe zimawonongeka ndi mbeu za m'migodi zingakhudze chitetezo cha mbande ndi mtundu wobzala. Zowonongeka, mwachitsanzo, kukopeka ndi mgodi kumayambitsa kutsika kwa maluwa omwe amapangidwa ndi zomwe timadzi timene timayang'ana mkati mwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa njuchi.

Makamaka oopsa ndi ogwira ntchito m'migodi, omwe amafalikira mwachangu pagawo lalikulu ndi mphepo, magalimoto, ndi koposa zonse, ndi zinthu zobzala. Chiwerengero cha mitundu iyi mdziko muno chimayendetsedwa ndi adani achilengedwe - mbalame, ma invertebrates, ndi zakudya zam'mera zimamera limodzi ndi mitundu ina yazomera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo azomera azikhalapo. Ngati chomera chodyetsa ngati mchere m'maderamo chakhala chokhwima ngati cholimira (m'timalo, paminda), kuvulaza kwa tizilombo izi kumawonjezeka nthawi zambiri.

Wogulitsa minyewa

Masamba owonongeka a chestnut ya mahatchi, omwe amakula m'nkhalango zachilengedwe ku Balkan, komanso m'maiko ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaki, mabwalo ndi misewu. Wogwira ntchitoyu adapezeka koyamba pafupi ndi nyanja ya Ohrid ku Macedonia pamalire ndi Albania m'ma 1980s. ndipo adalandira dzina loti "Ohrid miner." Mtunduwu unafalikira mwachangu ku Europe, ndipo m'zaka zaposachedwa umapezeka pafupifupi m'malo onse. Mibadwo itatu ya michere ya m'matumbo ikupezeka mkati mwa nyengo, ndipo zaka zazikulu za agulugufe a mibadwo yoyamba zimachitika nthawi yamaluwa. Pupae wa m'badwo wotsiriza yozizira m'migodi mu masamba okugwa.

Acacia ogwira ntchito

White mthethe, kapena robinia, ngati mtundu wokongoletsa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XVII. anabweretsa ku Europe, kumapeto kwa zaka za XVIII - kupita ku Ukraine. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, makamaka, ma hedges. Ogwira ntchito ku ma Acacia adalowa ku Europe kuchokera ku North America pafupifupi zaka 30 zapitazo, ali ndi mibadwo 2-3 pachaka. Migodi yamitundu iwiriyi imatha kusiyanika kunja.

Linden yamawangamidwe (mgodi wa linden).

Ikufotokozedwa ku Japan mu 1963. Kupitilira zaka makumi awiri, idafalikira ku Primorye, Korea, idalowa ku Europe, Russia, Ukraine ndi mayiko ambiri aku Europe. Gulugufe wamiyala ya linden yozizira m'magulu a mitengo ya linden, amaikira mazira pansi pamasamba ataphuka kwathunthu. Gulugufe wam'badwo wamalimwe amatuluka kumayambiriro kwa Julayi, ndipo agulugufe omwe amapezeka nthawi yachisanu mu September.

Juniper njenjete.

Amawononga singano za juniper wamba. Makatani opondaponda timabowo tambiri ma kangaude. Pakatikati, mbozi zimapitilirabe kudyetsa, kusamba kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Tizilombo ta mbadwo watsopano timawonekera mu June ndikuwadyetsa mpaka kugwa. Amakumba singano, kuluka ndi timabowo ta nthambi za juniper, zomwe zimatsogolera kukongoletsa singano ndi kutayika kwa zokongoletsera.

Pakati pazitsamba zokongoletsera, kuwonongeka kwa miners: maluwa, Rhododendron. Holly Holly. Pamasamba a zitsamba za rose, mutha kuwona zowala bwino (zotsatira za kuboola ndi njenjete ya migodi ya pinki mukayika mazira) ndikudutsa ndima. Masamba a Rhododendron amawonongeka ndi azalea mole (Caloptiliaazaleella). Ziwawa zake ndizambiri - mpaka 1 cm. Masamba owonongeka, owuma ndi kugwa. Zimbulu zachikulire zimakwawa pam masamba oyandikana, ndikupinda m'matumba ndikupitilira pamenepo. Zolocha pamphepete mwa masamba a cocoon. Pa ntchentche yazomera zokhala ndi masamba ambiri zimadziwikanso ndi kupezeka kwa ma puncture ndi ndima.

Kutchinjiriza kwa chomera pamigodi yama masamba

Kuteteza mbewu kuchokera kumigodi yama masamba kumaphatikizapo zidule zingapo.

Kusankha mitundu yogonjetsedwa ndi mitundu yazomera. Maminolo samakhala mitundu yonse yazomera zamtundu womwewo, motero, nyama yamatumbo, mphutsi zofiira za m'matumbo zimafa pazaka zazing'ono, ndipo mimbulu yokhala ndi timiyala tating'onoting'ono sitimadzaza tizilombo.

Kuyendera mbewu. Zowonongeka zam'mera zomwe zimawonedwa ndi anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi, ndizochepa zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto. Kumbukirani kuti ntchentche zazing'ono zimatha kufalikira limodzi ndi maluwa osenda kapena odulidwa.

Kugutsa dothi musanagwiritse ntchito malo osungiramo zinyalala ndi mbewu zosaphika kumachitika, chifukwa chimfine cha anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito nthawi yozizira kumeneko.

Kuyika ndi maukonde abwino a mbewu zakunyumba mukayalidwa ndi khonde kapena dimba kumakupatsani mwayi wowateteza ku ntchentche zamigodi zobweretsedwa ndi mphepo.

Kuyika maulemu achikasu (mapula, zidutswa za pulasitiki), kudzoza ndi guluu, m'malo obiriwira komanso malo otseguka pamizere yazipatso pamalo pomwe pali masamba akuluakulu, ndi cholinga chogwira ntchentche ndi njenjete nthawi yawo yotentha.

Kugwiritsa ntchito malamba a guluu pa mitengo ikuluikulu musanayambike chilimwe cha ogwira ntchito.

Kutulutsidwa mu mafilimu ndi magalasi owonongera (koma osakhala poyera) mwa okwera - tizirombo touluka, tomwe timakula m'mabizinesi apadera.

Kuchotsa masamba kapena zigawo zake pambuyo pake ndikuwonongedwa.

Kutsuka masamba akugwa ndiye njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso yachilengedwe yotetezedwa kuteteza mitengo kwa ogwira ntchito nthawi yozizira masamba ogwa. Masamba ayenera kuchapidwa popanda kuwawononga kuti pupae asatayike, kenako osatentha, koma kompositi.

Kukumba kwa mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo ndi kumasula dothi pansi pa nduwira.

Mafuta akuuluka aku mgodi ndi madzi otuluka pachitsime cha mtengo pachilimwe cha mibadwo yonse.

Ntchito mankhwala. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti titeteze mbewu zokongoletsera kwa anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi timagwiritsa ntchito kupopera masamba, dothi pansi pa zomerazi, komanso jakisoni mu thunthu. Komabe, jakisoni mu thunthu ndi wokwera mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malowedwe amtunduwu azitha kulowa mumtengowo, ndipo kuyambitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'nthaka ndizowopsa kwa ambiri okhala mmenemo. Ngati pali mibadwo ingapo ya anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi, masamba angapo ophukira amachitika nthawi iliyonse.

Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zowongolera za kukula ndi kukula kwa tizilombo (Dimilin, Match, Insegar, Nomolt) nthawi yachilimwe cha akuluakulu, komanso kukonzekera kwamatumbo kuchitidwe - kufikira mphutsi zikulowera tsamba.

Pokana ndi chestnut mineral, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Bi-58 nthawi yayitali; vg ndi kuphatikiza kwa othandizira: Agro-surfactant kapena Agro-surfactant. Zowonjezera ndi zina

Kuteteza juniper wamba ku mbozi za njenjete, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito Actofit, CE (2 g / l), kuchuluka kwake ndi 4 ml / l, mchaka chachiwiri cha Epulo komanso zaka khumi zoyambirira za Ogasiti.

Kuteteza motsutsana ndi ntchentche zam'migodi, ma organophosphorous tizilombo (mwachitsanzo, Zolon, BI-58 yatsopano) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala opopera kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, ntchentche zisanapite kukapumira, aneonicotinoids (mwachitsanzo, Confidor Maxi V.G., Aktara, Mospilan) -by ntchito nthaka.

Kuti muteteze mbewu zamankhwala, zisa za uchi ndi masamba omwe masamba ake amadyedwa, mankhwala oteteza mankhwala ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yomaliza komanso nthawi yoyenera.

Zinthuzi zidakonzedwa ndi katswiri wa maphunziro a zaulimi, a Valentina Meshkova sayansi, pulofesa

Kodi tizilombo ndi chiyani?

Ntchentche za migodi (kapena ntchentche) ndi banja lonse la Agromyzidae (lat), lomwe lili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 3,000. Onsewa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Awa ndi ntchentche zazing'ono; mumapangidwe ake, gawo lalikulu la thoracic likuwoneka bwino.Zina zodziwika bwino za banjali ndi pamimba, miyendo yayifupi ndi mapiko owonekera, kutuluka pang'ono pang'onopang'ono padzuwa.

Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yazachilengedwe imadziwika ndi akatswiri a sayansi ku Germany. Pa gawo ladziko lino pali mitundu 350 ya tizilombo. Ku Russia, zigawo zotentha, ndizochepa kwambiri - pafupifupi 100. Zambiri mwa izo:

• palegated - Liriomyza strigata,
• polyphagous - Phytomyza horticola,
• tsamba la chrysanthemum - Phytomyza syngenesiae,
• nightshade - Linomyza bryoniae, etc.

Mitunduyi imayambitsa mbewu zobzalidwa, kuvulaza ulimi ndi maluwa okongoletsa maluwa.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha ntchentche yoopsa ndi chiani:

Mphutsi zimamera mkati mwa chomera chamoyo; kumayambiriro kwa kukula, zimasiya ma spikes angapo ndikuyamwa kuyamwa. Kuboola matenti kumayambitsa necrosis ya zimakhala zozungulira ndipo zikuwoneka bwino mawonekedwe a mawanga owoneka pamwamba pamasamba, zomwe zimayambitsa kufinya ndi kufa kwa mbewu zazing'ono.

Ntchentche za mgodi zimakhudza mbewu zokongoletsera (carnations, gerberas, freesias, chrysanthemums, cineraria), mbewu zingapo zamasamba, ndi ntchentche ya birch, yomwe imakonda kufalikira ku Europe ku Russia. Mphutsi, zomwe zimasungidwa pansi pa mtengo. Matanda okhala ndi mayendedwe oterewa amawona kuti ndi osayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikukana. Kuphatikiza pa birch, ntchentche zimafunanso "miners" aspen ndi alder.

Zojambula zakunja ndi moyo wa ntchentche za migodi

Ntchentche izi ndizochepa kukula. Mtundu wawo nthawi zambiri umakhala wonyezimira. Ntchentche zimakhala ndi phenoscis, mothandizidwa ndi iwo kubowola mbewu kuti imayamwa msuziwo kapena kuyikira mazira mmenemo.

Mphutsi zimasunthasuntha pang'onopang'ono m'zinthu zina zotchedwa ma mines. Mphutsi za ntchentche za migodi ndizochepa - kutalika sizidutsa mamilimita 1-3. Kukula kwa mphutsi kumatenga pafupifupi masiku 14. Koma kwakukulu, ntchentche zimayamba masabata 3-5.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ntchentche zamigodi.

Mphutsi zina zimakhazikika munthaka, pomwe zina - mwachindunji masamba. Kuwonongeka kwa mbewu kumayambitsidwa osati ndi mphutsi, komanso ntchentche zachikulire.

Tizilombo tamoyo tambiri

Ntchentche zimadziwika ndi kubereka mozungulira: anthu azimuna osiyanasiyana, pambuyo pake, patapita kanthawi, wamkazi amapanga ubwana. Amayika chiwalo chake chapadera - ovipositor yokhala ndi malekezero - ozama masamba a mbewu. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono koteroko, masamba obiriwira owala amakhalabe pamtunda, omwe amawonekera pakapita nthawi. Nthawi yomweyo, ndi 15% yokha ya mabowo omwe amafunikira masamba kuti akhale omasuka: jakisoni ena onse amagwira ntchito kudyetsa munthu wamkulu wam'madzi akuuluka.

Pakadutsa masiku 2 mpaka 5, mphutsi zimatuluka. Kuti athe kukula ndikupita gawo lina lachitukuko posachedwa, amayamba kudya kwambiri. Kuti tichite izi, mphutsi amazidulira masamba a mbewu, ndikupanga mwa iwo nthambi yamayendedwe, omwe amatchedwa "migodi". Chifukwa chake dzina la banja lonse.

Ntchito za tsamba limodzi zikamalizidwa, mphutsi zimayamba kuyenda limodzi ndi tsinde ndi nthambi za mbewuyo kukafunafuna malo atsopano. Pakatha milungu iwiri, makanda amayamba. Mphutsi zimafinya pamwamba pa tsamba, zimakwawa ndikuyenda pansi. Pamenepo, pansi pa dothi loonda, limasandulika chrysalis, pomwe ntchentche yatsopano imatuluka. Kutembenuka konse kuchokera pa dzira kupita kwa wamkulu kumatenga masiku 25 (pa kutentha kwa 20 ° C).

Zowononga Tizilombo

Tizilomboti timakumana ndi mbewu zambiri zobzalidwa. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona migodi ikuwuluka pamachaka, pa nightshade komanso pamtanda. Chilichonse chopangidwa ndi munthu wamkulu, ndipo maphunzirowo, omwe amatchekedwa ndi mphutsi zanjala, chimaphwanya umphumphu wa masamba a chomera. Kuphatikiza apo, amadya madzi ake opatsa thanzi.

Izi zonse zimabweretsa kuti:

• pamasamba mumatha kuwona zowala, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi necrosis ya maselo mozungulira,
• masamba amapota pang'onopang'ono ndikugwa
• mababu, babu amachepetsa ndikuwola,
• mbewu pang'onopang'ono imafa.

Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa masamba, malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi photosynthesis amachepa. Molumikizana ndi kuyamwa kwamadzimadzi a cell ndi mphutsi, mbewuyo imafooka, motero, imayamba kugwera matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kulimbana ndi Ntchentche ya Mining

Kuti tisunge kubzala ndi kututa, mukakhala ndi kachilombo ka ntchentche mgodi, ndikofunikira kuchotsa anthu ndi mphutsi zawo posachedwa. Izi zimafunikira kukonzanso mbewu zophera tizirombo ndi mankhwala azitsamba, kugwira tizilombo touluka pogwiritsa ntchito misampha. Kuti muteteze mbewu zobzalidwa m'munda usanachitike, muyenera kutsatira malingaliro a kupewa.

Misampha

Njira yosavuta koma yabwino yothanirana ndi ntchentche zowuluka ndikukupanga misampha yakale yokutidwa ndi wosamatira. Njira imodzi ndi matepi apadera omwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo ama Hardware. Amapachikidwa pamalo pafupi ndi mabedi ndi m'nyumba zosungira. Olima ena amatchera msampha pawokha penti pepala, chipboard, linoleum, ndi zina zachikasu ndikutenthesa pansi ndi chinthu chomata. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta odzola kapena njira yotsalira yomatira.

Ngati matendawa ndi oopsa, ndiye kuti misampha singachite: ndi nthawi yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo

Pakulimbana ndi ntchentche pantchito yaulimi, magulu awiri azachipatala amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe atsimikizira kuti amagwira bwino ntchito:

1. Mapangidwe a Fosphorous: awa ndi BI-58, Zolon ndi ena. Kuthandizira ndi othandizawa kumachitika ndikutheka kwa nthawi yophukira, panthawi yomwe tizirombo tikufuna pobisalira nyengo yachisanu. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala okhala ndi phosphorous amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yazipatso ndi nthambi za mitengo.
2. Neonicotinoids: Aktara otchuka, komanso Confidor, Mospilan, ndi zina. Iwo samangophulira iye yekha, komanso kumwaza nthaka mozungulira.

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuwopsa kwa mankhwalawa, kuphatikiza kwa anthu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitchinjiriza pantchitoyo ndikutsatira malangizowo kwa chida. Kuwonongeka makamaka ndikulipidwa pazinthu zomwe kukonzaku kumakhala kotetezeka masamba ndi zipatso.

Ngati zinthu zitha kutengedwa munthawi yake, kuuluka kwa mgodiwo sikudzakhala ndi nthawi yowononga masamba ambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana pafupipafupi mpweya, ndipo poyamba "mafoni osokoneza" kuti ayambe kuchita mwachangu.

Zovuta paulimi

Ofukula migodi akachulukana kwambiri, ndiye kuti amachedwetsa mbewuzo, masamba nkuyamba kuuma ndikugwa. Ngakhale ochepa mwa majeremusi amenewa amachepetsa zokolola.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

Pakawuluka ntchentche:

Ntchentche za migodi zimawonekera kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi nthawi yotentha, pomwe kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi chake zimayamba kukwera. Ngati simunawonepo tizilombo ofanana, onaninso mbeu zonse zobweretsedwa, kuphatikizapo maluwa odulidwa, ndikugwiritsa ntchito dothi lotsimikizika, lopakidwa mankhwala kuti mutulidwe. Gulani mbewu zokha zathanzi zomwe mukutsimikiza. Komanso, samalani mukamatenga mbewu kupita nazo kukhonde lotentha: ngakhale ntchentche sizitha kuyenda mtunda wautali pachokha, mphepo imatero.

Momwe mungathanirane ndi ntchentche ya migodi:

Njira yabwino yodzitetezera komanso cholepheretsa kuthana ndi ntchentche zamigodi ndizovuta zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zimakhala ndi zomata zomwe zimakopa ntchentche ndi mitundu yawo yowala kapena fungo lokopa. Cholepheretsa chodalirika ku izi ndi tizirombo tina ambiri ndi khoka lazenera lopangidwa ndi nsalu yotchinga bwino ya polyester, maselo omwe ali ang'ono mokwanira kuti ntchentche singalowe m'chipindacho.

Ngati matenda a chomera adachitika - muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zazikulu kwambiri. Choyamba, mbewu ndi masamba ake, owonongeka kwambiri ndi ntchentche ya migodi ndi mphutsi zake, ziyenera kuwonongeka mwankhanza pomayatsa. Zomera zomwe zimatha kupulumutsidwa, ngati matenda ndiwochuluka, zimachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo (actellic, karbofos, phytoverm), owazidwa kawiri. Ntchentche ya anyezi imagwidwa ndi kuyambitsa bazudin kapena ntchentche-yowudya m'nthaka. Kufufuza fodya kapena fumbi la shaggy kumathandizanso tizilombo, kusewera ngati cholepheretsa.

decis, CE (25 g / l) 2 ml / 10 l madzi,

malathion, SP (100 g / kg) 90 g / 10 L yamadzi,

kinmixom, CE, ME (50 g / l) 2,5 ml / 10 l amadzi.