Habitat - West Africa, Southeast Asia, Pacific Pacific. Ichi ndi mtundu wa anyani, womwe umakhala mumabowo omwe umatuluka mumchenga, nthawi zina mpaka mita imodzi. Kufunafuna chakudya m'mbali mwa nyanja. Nthawi zina kusaka kumamufikitsa kuthengo, koma nkhanu imathamangira kuti ibwerere, kotero kuti palibe amene amakhala kunyumba kwake. Modabwitsa, nyamayo imangobwerera kunyumba.
Njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yokhudzana ndi madzi mu nkhanu ndi kuswana ndi kusungunula.
Zosiyanitsa
- Chochititsa chidwi ndi mtundu wawo. Zojambula zawo ndi za buluu, zibwano zimachita imvi kapena zamtambo, matako amachokera ku lalanje kupita ku ofiira owoneka bwino, pamimba ndi loyera komanso lamtambo. Mwa amuna, mtundu wake ndi wowala kuposa wachikazi.
- Amakhala pafupifupi zaka 10 ndipo amakula pafupifupi 20 cm, ngakhale izi sizichitika mu ukapolo.
- Chinanso ndi chakuti nkhanu izi zimafunafuna chakudya pamtunda, osati m'madzi.
Cardisoma armatum ndi dzina lasayansi la munthu wokongola uyu. Amatchulidwanso utawaleza, indigo, buluu, red-buluu, tricolor, pansi. Amadziwika kuti nkhanu za nzika zodziwika bwino chifukwa chokonda komanso kuteteza nyumba ndi gawo lake.
Dera lamadzi ndi mawonekedwe ake
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira nkhanu za utawaleza zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake. Crab yokhala ndi utoto watatu kuti ikhalepo bwino imafunikira malo okhala madzi am'madzi. Kukula kwapakati pa nyama imodzi ndi masentimita 50x40. Mwamuna wokongola uyu sangalekerere anthu oyandikana nawo, chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi anthu angapo, lingalirani dera lililonse. Poyandikana, nkhondo za gawo ndi chakudya sizingapeweke. Zimachitika kuti pankhondo, ziweto zimavulaza wina ndi mzake ndikupha.
Payenera kukhala magawo awiri a nkhanu mu malo am'madzi - malo okhala ndi madzi ndi nthaka. Chidebe chokhala ndi madzi, chidebe cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi chakudya ndichabwino. Madzi amathiridwa mpaka masentimita 15-16. Pansi panthaka kuti anthu agwiritse ntchito: mchenga wamtsinje, miyala yabwino, coconut ... Mukamasankha chitunda, taganizirani chikondi cha nkhanu za nzika zakukula kukumba mabowo. Ndizosangalatsa kuwona wogwira ntchitoyu pomwe,, akakanikiza mchenga zingapo, amazitengera kumadzi ndikuzikhuthulira. Poterepa, gombelo lonse lidzakumbidwa. Ndikothekanso kuyika chitoliro chadothi pamtunda pang'ono, kuti nkhanu zizitha kulowamo. Chifukwa chake, adzakhala ndi bowo, ndipo mudzapewa zipolowe. Mchenga wamchenga suyenera kukhala wocheperako, 3-5 mm ndi njere imodzi, kotero nthaka ikhale yosavuta kufinya.
Pamtunda, mutha kuyika miyala ndi zipolopolo zazing'ono, nkhanu ndizonyamula kuchokera kumalo kupita kumalo. Malo okhala pansi pamadzi ndi malo abwino kwambiri okhala ndi utawaleza.
Mphepo ya utawaleza mu aquarium itha kukhalanso. Kuti muchite izi, thirani madzi mpaka masentimita 10-15, miyala ndi zidutswa za malo ziyenera kutuluka m'madzi. Wokhalamo amatha nthawi yawo yambiri pa iwo - kupuma, basiki, idyani ...
Nkhanu imatha kuthawa pamalo othina pogwiritsa ntchito zosefera, choyezera kutentha, ngakhalenso m'mphepete. Chifukwa chake, wokutira, chivundikiro cholemera chimafunikira, chomwe sadzachikankhira pambali poyesa kuthawa.
Ngati indigo ikadakwanitsa kuthawa, ikani nsalu pansi pansi ndikuyika mbale ndi madzi. Nthawi zambiri, othawa kwawo amapezeka pafupi nawo, ndipo izi zimatha kupulumutsa moyo wa chiweto chanu. Mphepo youma imavulaza zolengedwa izi.
Madzi atsopano kapena amchere
Pinyama chofiirira chofiirira chimatha kukhala m'madzi oyera. Kuti izi zitheke, fayilo yokhala ndi kusefera kwachilengedwe iyenera kuyikiridwa m'madzi kuti yeretsani madzi kuchokera ku nitrate ndi nitrites, ndivulaza nyama. Pakadutsa masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi ali m'madzi momwemo, gawo limodzi la madzi limasinthidwa, izi zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zovulaza. Ngati dziwe lili laling'ono - madzi amasintha tsiku ndi tsiku.
Mineralization yamadzi iyenera kukhala yokwera, kuuma (GH) yoposa 10. Chinyezi chamadzi (PH)) 7.2-7.5.
Pambuyo pogula, poti anthu onse omwe agulitsidwa adagwidwa kuthengo, ndikofunika kuti azithira mchere wamchere ndi mchere wam'nyanja kuti musinthe nyamayo mwachangu. Kumwa: supuni 1 yamchere mu 5 malita a madzi. Iyenera kukhala yopanda zonunkhira ndi zowonjezera. Mcherewu umagulitsidwa ndi mafakisi, m'masitolo akuluakulu ndi m'masitolo a pet.
Mawonekedwe a Aquarium
Kapangidwe kanyumba ka utawaleza si kophweka. Imakhala ndi magawo awiri: nthaka ndi madzi. Kuchuluka kwa thankiyo kuyenera kukhala masentimita 50X40. Gawo lamtunduwu lakhomedwa miyala.
Mwa sushi, gwiritsani ntchito mchenga wozungulira, tchipisi ta coral ndi zeolite kapena miyala ya granite ndi tuff. Mupatuleni iye 1/3 m'dera lanyimbo yonse yamadzi. Ikani chubu chopanda kanthu komwe nkhanu imabisala. Komanso, grotto, phanga, snag ndi yoyenera pobisalira.
Akatswiri odziwa ntchito zam'madzi amalimbikitsa mtundu wosavuta wa zida zam'madzi - kuthira madzi akuya masentimita 15, osapitirira apo, ndikupanga bwalo lokhala ngati mwala, driftwood. Pazokongoletsa gwiritsani ntchito zipolopolo, miyala ya miyala.
Njira yotentha
Kutenthetsa bwino kwamadzi pa nkhanu kuzikhala 24-26 ° C, kutentha kwa mpweya 27-29 ° C. Mvuto utagundika, molt yodabwitsa imayamba, pomwe imakonda kufa, popeza thupi sikhala ndi nthawi yokonzekera. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'anira kutentha kwa miyala ndi malo omwe mumakonda nkhanu, kusintha Kutentha posintha nyali ya incandescent.
Mosamala mosamala, nkhanu imatha kutaya miyendo ndi zibwano.
Kukongoletsa kwamadzimadzi
Pazokongoletsa gwiritsani ntchito miyala, driftwood, malo osungirako dongo, nyumba za zipolopolo, miyala yosanja, masileti Ndikwabwino kubzala msipu mothandizidwa ndi mbewu zosapanga, chifukwa mbewu zonse zokhala ndi moyo ziyesera kudya izi. Ngati mukufunabe kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu yamoyo - onani zokonda za chiweto chanu, mpatseni mbewu zomwe mukufuna kuziyika. Mwinanso ena aiwo sangasangalatse izi. Kenako mbewu izi zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunika.
Zakudya ndi zomwe amakonda
M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, mbewu zimakonda kudya nkhanu zofiirira. Mwakusangalala amadya tizilombo komanso nyama zomwe zafa posachedwa.
- Kunyumba, zakudya zake ziyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zamasamba, masamba: letesi, kabichi (kolifulawa, chigwa, Brussels), nkhaka, apulo, beets, kaloti owiritsa, zukini, katsitsumzukwa, nandolo zobiriwira.
- Osamapereka chakudya ndi mkuwa wowonjezera kapena wowuma - parsley, nyemba, mbatata, udzu winawake, vermicelli... Zakudya zamafuta ndizotsutsana.
- Kamodzi pa sabata, zakudya zamapuloteni zimawonjezeredwa - nyama yamchere yotsika, nkhuku kapena chiwindi cha ng'ombe, shrimp ndi chipolopolo, fillet ya nsomba ... Nyama zambiri zimadya chakudya chouma cha nsomba kapena akamba, nyongolotsi zamagazi, crickets, ndi mphutsi.
- Nkhanu zofiira zofiira zimakonda masamba ochokera pamitengo. Amatha kukolola ngakhale zikauma. Rasipiberi, thundu, masamba amapa ndi oyenera izi. Mutha kupereka ndikututa masamba a nettle, dandelion, clover, calendula.
- Yovomerezeka mu zakudya iyenera kukhala calcium. Tizidutswa tating'onoting'ono ta nyama timaphwanyidwa, timiyala taphanvu, calcium mu ufa.
Kanema: Khungu la utawaleza likudya apulo
Kuwona chiweto chanu, mumaganizira zomwe amakonda.
T Crolor crab amadya pamtunda, amafunika kusiya chakudya pamalo omwewo. Ngati muli ndi nkhanu zingapo, aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi malo ake odyetserapo nkhondoyo, apo ayi nkhondoyi silingapewe. Utawaleza umabisira chakudya motsutsana ndi mdani pamimba, ndikuwopseza zikhadabo.
Muyenera kudyetsa ufa wa utawaleza kawiri pa sabata, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Kudyetsa magazi ndi kowopsa kwa indigo, kumayambitsa matenda osungunuka pafupipafupi komanso a bacteria.
Molting
Khwangwala ang'onoang'ono molt nthawi zambiri kuposa achikulire, njirayi imayendetsedwa ndi timadzi ta endocrine. Crab imatha kumera nthawi ngati izi mpaka chipolopolo chalimba. Akuluakulu nkhanu molts nthawi 1-2 pachaka. Pakangosungunuka, nkhanu imakhala yosagwira, yopanda phokoso, komanso yochenjera. Chochitikacho chimachitika m'madzi, chifukwa chake ziyenera kukhala zoyera, zopatsa mphamvu ndi mchere. Chigoba chakale chimafalikira ndipo chimaphulika pakati pa chifuwa ndi m'mimba. Nyama imamasulidwa ku chipolopolo chakale, kumakwawa kuchokera mwa iye. Kwa kanthawi, nkhanu za utawaleza zikubisala mpaka chigamba chatsopano chimakulanso. Pakupukutira, nthawi zambiri amakhala akusowa chakudya. Komabe, musathamangire kutaya chipolopolo chakalecho, anthu ambiri amadya, ndikubwezeretsanso calcium. Mtundu, mtundu wa chipolopolo chatsopanocho chimatsimikizira ngati nyamayo ilandila mchere wokwanira ndi mavitamini. Ndi kuchepa kwawo kwa mabala achikuda, pakhoza kukhala mabowo pachikuto.
Pakusungunuka, nkhanu zimabwezeranso m'mbuyo miyendo ndi zibwano. Maso sachira.
Nthawi imeneyi, musasokoneze nkhanu, musasinthe madziwo kwa masiku angapo.
Kampani ndi oyandikana nawo
Khungu la utawaleza silifuna kulankhulana ndi abale, ndilabwino kuti akhale yekha. Ngati mukufuna kukhalapo anthu angapo - pezani wamwamuna ndi wamkazi, kotero mwayi wofotokozera mgwirizano ndiwocheperako. Kuti muchite izi, onjezani malo am'madzi, kuti aliyense payekhapayekha akhale ndi malo okwanira.
Nsomba za Aquarium - ma guppies, barba, ndi malupanga amatha kukhazikika mwa nkhanu zamadzi ndi nkhanu. Nthawi zambiri, okonda dziko lapansi alibe chidwi ndi iwo, ngakhale pali zosiyana. Nkhanu idzasaka nsomba zazikulu.
Kuswana
Kubala nkhanu mu ukapolo ndikosavuta. Mphutsi zawo zimayenera kukhala m'madzi am'nyanja. Pafupifupi nkhanu zonse zomwe zikugulitsidwa zimagwidwa kuthengo.
Kuwona utawaleza ndikosangalatsa. Eni ake ena amatha kuletsa ana awa kenako nawonso amapempha manja awo ngakhale kudya ndi manja awo.
Zambiri zamkati mwa utawaleza (Cardisoma armatum)
Uthenga dankora "Meyi 10, 2014, 21:56
Mwambiri, zikhadabo zake ndizowoneka kwambiri - nkhanu itakulowetsa chala changa mpaka magazi, sindimakwera mu terataum popanda magolovu kapena zotumphukira.
Dothi lomwe lili mu crabarium liyenera kukhala zinthu zosavuta kukumba, kusungabe chinyezi, kulola kuti mpweya udutse, ndipo zili ndi katundu wa bacteria. Gawo lamkokonati la tizigawo tosiyanasiyana, sphagnum, masamba osakaniza (thundu, amondi, mapulo, masamba a walnut), zofunda zogwiritsidwa kale ntchito zogulitsa nyama zotumphukira ndizoyenereradi zolinga izi.
Timayamba kukonza zakunyumba.
Timakonzekeretsa malo am'madzi, mwachizolowezi - ndi changa, kuyeretsa seams, calcium plaque, ngati alipo.
Kenako timayika chotenthetsera pansi pa aquarium - izi zitilola kuchotsa mawaya mkati mwa terra, kuwonjezera kutentha ndi chinyezi. Ndikwabwino kutenga matenthere ndi kutentha pang'ono (mu phothera ya exotherra amatchedwa "nkhalango", chifukwa ndi lingaliro "chipululu") ndikosavuta kupitirira kutentha kovomerezeka kwamadigiri 28). Izi ndizoyenera:
Musaiwale za mpweya wabwino - mu malo anga okhala pansi pamadzi, ndidataya dzenje kuti ndidyetse chakudya ndi grill.
Chophimbacho chizikhala choyenera mbali zonse ndikuchotsedwa mwachangu, osasiyira malo nkhanu kuti athawe.
Knead ndikunyowetsa dothi - Ndidasankha gawo lalikulu la coconut (malinga ndi zomwe zili ndi Achatina, ndizosayera ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono) zosakanikirana ndi zidutswa za masamba a amondi ndi mathundu othiridwa ndi madzi otentha, ndi "nthaka yankhalango" (ili ndi dzina la gawo lapansi, ma phukusi amatha kuwoneka kujambulidwa) yomwe imalonjeza kuti izalimbikitsa kukumba komanso kununkhira bwino kunkhalango.
Kuseri kwa bafa lomwe lili pakona pali nkhanambo yokhala ndi "masamba" - pobisalira pena pabwino malo obisalira ndi kufunafuna - kumbuyo kwake kuli kwamdima komanso kodzaza. "Masamba" awa amaphatikizanso pazifukwa - ku mbali imodziyo kumapangitsa kuwoneka ngati pobisalira, mbali inayo imasindikiza chivindikiro. Komabe, mtundu wina wa greenery sugwira ntchito ndi moyo, pomwe ena amatha kuphatikiza mbewu ndi nkhanu. Koma sindimamvetsetsa mpaka pano.
Kumanzere, gulu la "milungu" limasenda thermometer ndipo limatchanso chivindikiro. Titha kuwona kuti hygrometer imawonetsa chinyezi pafupifupi 80%, kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala ndi madigiri 27.
Woperekayo ndiwotakataka:
Nthawi zina amagona m'dzenje:
Zakudya za nkhanu ndizosavuta - masamba osakanizika ndi dothi, osakanikirana ndi maukonde osokonekera omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi zipolopolo za mazira ndi tsabola wotsekemera, kaloti (ndibwino kupereka masamba owonda - ndizosavuta kunyamula zolakwika), zidutswa za dzungu, zipatso zina. Pafupifupi kamodzi pa sabata (ngakhale kangapo), madyerero am'mimba amayamba - zidutswa za swimp yophika m'magobera, ziphuphu zamwazi, nkhuku, chiwindi, nsomba. (Osati zonse nthawi imodzi, chinthu chimodzi chokha) mwanjira imeneyi kuperewera kwa gawo la mapuloteni muzakudya kumathandizidwa. Dyetsani zochuluka, i.e. kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu pang'ono kuposa m'mimba mwa nkhanu. Ndipo m'mimba mwake muli gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi. Patatha tsiku limodzi mukumeza chakudya chama protein - onetsetsani kuti musintha madzi mumtsuko - akhoza kuwonongeka pakuyenda kwamatumbo. Mukamadya masamba ndi ndiwo zamasamba, chopondapo cha nkhanu chimakhala chosowa, "cholondola", madziwo samawonongeka, ndipo masamba a amondi ndi thundu lomwe limagwera mumbale yosamba limapatsanso mphamvu yowonjezera bacteria. Ndimathira madzi amchere ndimchere wamchere (wogulitsidwa mu malo ogulitsa ziweto) pamlingo wa 1 tsp. chovala chonse chosamba. Mokulira, kuchuluka kwa mchere wamadzi kulibe kanthu - nkhanu zimasintha mtundu wawo wa mchere kukhala wamafuta osiyanasiyana, mpaka kukula kwa nyanja. Koma kukhala ndi mchere wamchere ndikumayamwa bwino.
Crater Wamadzi
Sizivuta kupanga ukonde m'moyo mwa nkhanu zokongola izi, chifukwa amakhala nthawi yambiri pamtunda osati m'madzi. M'munda wamba, wopanda nthaka, nkhanu sizingakhaleko.
Chifukwa chake, samasungidwa m'malo am'madzi, koma m'malo am'madzi. Itha kupangidwa kuchokera ku aquarium podzaza thankiyo osati kwathunthu, koma mwa masentimita 10-15, ndipo miyala yosiyanasiyana ndiyenera kutuluka m'madzi.
Kuphatikiza apo, m'chilengedwe, kukula kwa nkhanu za utawaleza ndizokulirapo - m'mimba mwake amatha kufikira masentimita 16, chifukwa chake amafunika malo oyambira. Kwa munthu m'modzi, malowa akhale 50 ndi 40 cm.
Mbovu ya Rainbow (Cardisoma armatum).
Kawamba utawaleza umapikisana. Zimakhala zovuta kudyetsa nkhanu zingapo m'malo ochepa, chifukwa zimadyera chakudya.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito tchipisi ta coral ndi zeolite ngati dothi, koma kusakaniza kwa miyala ya granite ndi tchipisi tofe ndi koyeneranso. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta dothi tisakhale ochepera 3-5 millimeter. Ngati palibe dothi, ndiye kuti malo oyambira madzi amafunika kukhala ndi dongosolo labwino lochitira zinthu zingapo.
Kuthira madzi kuti musunge utawaleza kapena ayi? Nthawi zambiri zimapezedwa bwino m'madzi oyera, koma sayenera kukhala acidic, pH iyenera kukhala 7.2-7.5, ndipo madziwo ayenera kukhala olimba - GH 10. Mamineral okwanira amathandizira akhanu kuzolowera. Koma poyamba, madzi amalimbikitsidwa, komabe, kuti mcherere, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mchere weniweni wam'nyanja. 2-5 magalamu amchere amawonjezeredwa pa lita imodzi. Madzi amchere amachepetsa mavuto amtundu wa nitrites ndi ammonia, omwe ndi owopsa mamba. Popita nthawi, kuchuluka kwa mchere kumachepetsedwa ndikufanizidwa ndi zomera zam'madzi.
Kutentha kwakukulu kwamadzi ndi zomwe zimakhala ndi utawaleza ndi 25-25 madigiri.
Mphepo za utawaleza zimakonda kwambiri kutentha kwambiri mumadzimadzi.
Nthawi zambiri pa intaneti pamakhala maupangiri okonzekeretsa gombe lamchenga weniweni m'malo amadzi, momwe akhwangwala amatha kukumba mabowo, omwe amadzichita mwachilengedwe. Koma zoona zake zimakhala kuti mchenga wamchenga umabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kupanga sizovuta. Pulogalamu yonyowetsera ngalande ndiyofunika, mwinanso mchenga udzadzaza nthawi yomweyo, ndiye kuti mchenga umangobweretsa mavuto.
Koma chifukwa chiyani utawaleza kukumba mabowo? Amafunikira izi ngati ali kutali ndi malo osungira, kotero kuti ndizotheka nthawi ndi nthawi kunyowetsa magalasi ndikupumira. Ndiye chifukwa chake nkhanu zimakhala ndi mabowo akuya, zimafikira pansi. M'makonzedwe a nkhanu izi sizofunikira, chifukwa nthawi zonse madzi amakhala pafupi, ndipo nkhanu zimatha nthawi yambiri momwe zimafunikira.
Kuphatikiza apo, utawaleza umakumbanso mabowo mumchenga kuti upange pobisalira ndi chinyezi.
Utawaleza - okonda kukumba mchenga mumchenga.
Munkhokwe zam'madzi amapanga zogona zambiri za nkhanu, zonse pansi pamadzi ndi nthaka, kuti athe kubisala, ndipo samakhala wolimba mtima wina ndi mnzake.
Ma phanga osiyanasiyana, ma grotto, machubu ac ceramic, pulasitiki yoyeserera, mapoto amaluwa ndi zina zotere ndi njira yabwino yosakira m'misasa ya m'madzi.
Zomera mu utawaleza nkhanu m'madzi
Zomera zimachotsa ma nitrate m'madzi, koma nkhanu zimakonda zitsamba zatsopano. Njira yosavuta yodzala mbewu zambiri nthawi yomweyo. Zimakonda kuperekedwa kwa mbewu zoyandama pamtunda, chifukwa chilichonse chobzalidwa m'nthaka, nkhanuzi zimang'amba mwachangu. Monga mbewu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Hornwort, elodea, pemphigus, fern, nias, duckweed, Japan moss.
Crab yamadzi posunga nkhanu iyenera kudzazidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu.
Kudyetsa Mota
Mutha kupulumutsa masamba ngati mumadyetsa sipinachi, letesi, masamba oonda, komanso masamba a dandelion. Ndikofunikanso kupereka nthochi, mapeyala, maapulo, malalanje, maungu, kaloti, nandolo zobiriwira. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhanu za utawaleza zimadyetsedwa ndimakudya a nsomba, pomwe miyala ndi granules ndizoyenera.
Komanso, ma crickets, magazi am'mimba, mphutsi za ufa, ng'ombe ndi chiwindi cha nkhuku, nyama ya squid, nsomba, massels, mapiritsi a calcium glycerophosphate ayenera kupezekanso muzakudya. Zakudya zamagulu osiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi calcium yayikulu zimathandizira kukhetsa kwa crab popanda mavuto.
Kodi ndizakudya zochuluka motani zomwe ziyenera kukhala mu chakudya cha nkhanu za utawaleza? Sipayenera kukhala woposa theka la kulemera kwa thupi la nkhanu. Zakudya zambiri zanyama zimatha kuyipitsa madzi ndi mankhwala a nayitrogeni, omwe amakhala ovulaza.
Chifukwa cha zakudya zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi calcium yambiri, nkhanu zimalekerera kusungunuka popanda mavuto.
Kodi nchifukwa ninji nkhanu za utawaleza zimafa nthawi zambiri zikaikidwa m'ndende?
Thupi la nkhanu lazunguliridwa ndi chipolopolo cholimba. Zipere zimatha kumera pokhapokha, zikagwetsa chivundikiro chakale. Ngakhale chigamba chatsopanochi sichinawume, pali kukula.
Kukhetsa zinyalala ndi chiyeso choopsa kwambiri. Mwachilengedwe, njirayi imayendetsedwa pamlingo wa mahomoni. Makhalidwe azakudya, kutentha kwamadzi, ndi kuwala kwambiri zimayambitsa kuyambika kwa molting. Munthawi imeneyi, nkhanu siziyenera kukhala ndi mavitamini ambiri. Komanso, siziyenera kukhala zizindikiro za poizoni ndi zinthu zonyansa zomwe zimatha kudziunjikira m'madzi amadzimadzi.
Kukhetsa nkhanu m'madzi okha. Ndipo sianthu onse akumadzi omwe amapatsa ziweto zawo zinthu zonse zofunika kuti asungunuke.
Nthawi zambiri, nkhanu za utawaleza zimafa mu ukapolo ndendende ndikusungunuka. Oyamba kumene amapeza ana amtundu wa mitundu yambiri, okhala ngati zidole, osaganizira ngakhale pang'ono udindo wawo wowasamalira. Ndikosavuta kutsata nyengo zachilengedwe mnyumba, ndichifukwa chake mitundu yambiri ya molt nthawi zambiri samaloledwa ndi nkhanu za utawaleza.
Monga mukuwonera, kusunga nkhanu za utawaleza sizovuta konse, ndi ntchito yofunikira yomwe imafunikira udindo.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti pakutsanulira osati chophimba chakale chomwe chimatayidwa, komanso mbali zam'mbuyo ndi kutsogolo kwa matumbo. Ndikosavuta kuganiza momwe mungatulukire m'mimba mwanu, koma akhwangwala amatha kuchita izi.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nkhanu zamtundu wa mvula zisungunuke nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa. Ndizodziwika kuti achichepere amalira kwambiri kuposa nkhanu zachikulire.
Chinanso chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kufa kwa utawaleza kuume ndi kuzizira kapena, m'malo mwake, hypothermia yayikulu ya thupi. Imfa pamwala utawaleza chifukwa chakutenthedwa thupi singachitike pomwepo, koma patapita masiku owerengeka.
Ndikusefuka kwambiri, nkhanu imayamba kusungunuka, koma thupi silinakonzekere mchitidwewu. Chifukwa chake, musayike miyala pafupi kwambiri ndi komwe kumatenthesa, pomwe nkhanu zimakonda kuphira. Mukakhudza mwalawo, uyenera kutentha. Mwalawo ukakhala wotentha, umatsitsa pansi.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Mawonekedwe
Momwe thupi lake limapangidwira, utawaleza utawaleza umayimira dongosolo la decapod crustaceans. Koma mtundu wake ndi wachilendo, wowala komanso wowoneka bwino. Carapace ndi utoto wakuda buluu (mwa anthu ena ndi wofiirira), miyendo imakhala yofiyira kapena lalanje, nsapato zazikulu nthawi zambiri zimachita imvi, komanso palinso zamtambo. Mimba ya nkhanu nthawi zambiri imakhala yoyera, nthawi zina imakhala ndi mitsempha yamtambo. Kukula kwa munthu kumatha kufika mainchesi 20.
Unali penti iyi ya utoto ndi mithunzi yomwe inathandizira kuti pakhale mayina ambiri. Malinga ndi gulu la asayansi, nkhanu izi
- m'Chilatini amatchedwa Cardisoma armatum,
- M'mayiko olankhula Chingerezi amatchedwa Indigo crab (indigo crab), Patriot crab (Citizot crab), Tricolor or Red, Blue, Crab crab (mitundu itatu ya nkhanu),
- Chifukwa chakuti crustacean iyi imatsogolera makamaka kukhala pamtunda, imatchulidwanso kuti nkhanu za pamtunda (land crab).
Ikani nyama zanyama
Inde, moyo wake wonse wa Cardisoma amakhala pamtunda. Malo ogawa zamtunduwu ndi ochepa - mzere wam'mphepete mwa zilumba zina kumadzulo kwa Pacific Ocean.
M'nthaka yamchenga, nkhanu imadzifunira yokha mabowo, yomwe imakhala pothaŵirapo ndi malo opumira. Pafupi ndi pobisala, amakhala nthawi yayitali akukafunafuna chakudya.
Ngati sichikhala pafupi, ndiye kuti arthropod wamtundu wambiri wamtunduwu akupita kokasaka chakudya m'nkhokwe zikubwerazi. Mungakhale otsimikiza: kumeneko akapeza china choti adye.
Koma nthawi zina zimachitika pamene, akubwerera kunyumba yake yamchenga, "woyendayo" amupeza atatenga woimira wina wamtunduwu. M'malo mwake, nchifukwa ninji wolowerera angadzikumbire yekha ngati adapeza kale?
Pankhaniyi, ubalewo udzafotokozedwanso, ndipo kupambana sikupita kwa eni ake enieni a nyumbayo. Pakadali pano, nkhwangwa yathu ya utawaleza imachoka ndikudziyimba ndekha nyumba yatsopano. Zabwino kuposa kale!
Koma nyamayi siibwera m'madzi am'nyanja. Izi zimachitika pokhapokha pamasamba komanso nthawi yopukutira. Komabe, m'madzi abwino, akumva bwino kwambiri, zomwe zidalola asayansi ena kuti aziganiza za utawaleza osati dziko lokha komanso madzi abwino.
Zizindikiro zakugonana sizifotokozedwa bwino, koma akatswiri amatsimikiza za jenda ndi mawonekedwe am'mimba - kumbuyo kwa pamimba. Ngati mwa abambo ndi kocheperako, ndiye kuti mwa akazi ndiopambana ndipo mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi makona atatu. Kuphatikiza apo, zachikazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu kuposa zazimuna.
Zikhalidwe zapakhomo
Izi sizingatchulidwe kuti ndizosavuta, chifukwa moyo wa Cardisoma armatum ali mndende, muyenera kukonzekeretsa ma aquaterrarium. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani?
Kusintha kwanyumba. Kuti mumve zambiri mu nkhokwe yam'madzi mu malo am'madzi am'madzi, magawo awiri adakonzedwa: madzi ndi gombe (dziko). Izi zimafanizira malo achilengedwe.
Chidebe chagalasi chimatha kukhala chosazama, popeza gawo lamadzi limadzaza mpaka masentimita 12 mpaka 15. Kubwezeretsa kumatha kukhala kofanana (zigawo zimakhala zofanana m'derali) kapena mwayi ndi chivundikiro cha madzi.
Eni ake ena amtunduwu amadzaza madzi am'madzi ndi 10 cm yamadzi ndikakonzedwa ndimiyala yomwe imatuluka pamwamba.
Ndiye chifukwa chake malo abwino kwambiri ndi malo amchenga, otchingidwa ndi miyala yamiyala (kuteteza kukokoloka kwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja).
Mchenga zikhale za chidutswa chachikulu; miyala yabwino, miyala ya chipolopolo kapena miyala yabwino ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati dothi. Ngati mchenga wamchenga wosanjikizidwa bwino umathiridwa mu dziwe la madzi, ndiye kuti mwa kuyeretsa nthawi ndi nthawi kumalowa.
Pali zitsanzo zambiri pamene chidutswa cha chitoliro, m'mimba mwake chomwe chiri chokulirapo pang'ono kuposa kukula kwa nkhanuyo, chimakumbidwa m'nthaka pomwe 45 °. Ndizosangalatsa kuwona momwe nyama imakwawa mkati mwake, ndikugwira nthaka yomwe yadzipezekera pansi, ndikuyikinya ndi ululu wofunda, ndikuyibweretsa.
Microclimate. M'malo mwake, malo abwino okhala ndi malo opangiramo madzi ndizovuta kumanga, poganizira kuti madzi omwe amakhala "onyowa" ayenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse ndikuwotha mpaka +25 degrees (kupatuka mbali imodzi kapena ina osapitilira 2 ° C).
Kuphatikiza apo, mdera lamadzi payekha payenera kukhala kutentha kwamtunda kuyambira + 25 ° C mpaka + 28 ° C. Mlingo wa pH uyenera kukhala wopanda mbali, komanso kuuma kumatha kuchuluka, koma osapitirira 20 °.
Kutentha kwa malo oyendetsera nthaka kumatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito nyali yagalasi.
Nthawi zonse yang'anirani kuyera kwa madzi, komwe kumakwaniritsidwa ndi fyuluta. Pamalo ocheperako osonyeza madzi, fyuluta yamkati kapena yakunja yamphamvu kapena yocheperako ndiyabwino, koma iyenera kukhala ndi gawo loyambira mwachilengedwe. Chowonadi ndi chakuti Cardisoma armatum sangalekerere kuchuluka kwa mankhwala okhala ndi nayitrogeni (nitrites ndi nitrate) m'madzi. Kuphatikiza pa biofiltration, kusintha kwa madzi pafupifupi 1/5 kwa mphamvu yonse kumakonzedwa kamodzi pa sabata kuti muchepetse mlingo wa zinthu zovulaza.
Zomera. Zomera zapansi pansi zidzakumbidwa ndi 100%. Pankhaniyi, ngati pali mtima wofuna kubzala malo obiriwira pamalo amadzi, ndiye kuti ndibwino kukhazikitsa mbewu zamoto.
Zomera zam'madzi ndizoyenera. Sangokhala zokongoletsera zokha, koma adzakhala chakudya cha mitundu yambiri ya crustacean. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kubzala Javanese moss, elodea, kapena Hornwort m'madzi.
Zochitika Zamakhalidwe ndi Kugwirizana
Mkhalidwe wa utawaleza ndi zovuta, wopanda moyo. Ngati malo okhala pansi pamadzi ali ndi anthu awiri kapena opitilira pamtunduwu, ndiye kuti mikangano chifukwa chamadera ndiyotheka.
Monga lamulo, ndewu siziyamba nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa mavuto kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. Choyamba, pakhoza kukhala kuyesa kulanda chimangirizo, ndiye kuti othamanga amayesa kulanda chakudya wina ndi mzake pokhapokha ndewu ingayambike. Komabe, sizibwera pa nkhondo zazikulu.
Kupatula nthawi yovuta, ena mwa zolengedwa zingapo za utawaleza amakonza zoti aliyense mwa nyanjayo azikhala pokhapokha pouma. Potere, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kwa nyama imodzi osachepera 0,4 m² a gawo lake.
M'madzi Cardisoma armatum amapezeka nthawi yosungunuka. M'mawere, zimachitika kamodzi masiku 10, ndipo akamakula, amayamba kucheperachepera. Akuluakulu molt aliyense 1.5-2 zaka. Pakumisungunuka, nkhanu imataya mphamvu zambiri ndikukumana ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu.
Zidzakhala zovuta kunena ngati nkhanu zizikhalira limodzi ndi nsomba ndi akamba. Zonse zimatengera munthu payekha komanso kuwuma kwa nzika zina. Ngati mungasankhe kusinthanitsa nyumba yanu yakunyumba, mutha kuyesa kutulutsa gawo lake lamadzi ndi nsomba zazing'ono komanso zachangu, zomwe nkhanu sizingapeze. Imatha kukhala malupanga, ma bar, zebrafish ndi guppies. Maofesi ena am'madzi amatha kukhala ndi ma cichlids aku Africa muzochitika zotere, koma kumbukirani kuti nyama izi zimafunikira malo ambiri.
Zinthu ndizovuta kwambiri ndi nsomba zazinkhanira, kamba ndi akamba. M'milandu iwiri yoyambayo, titha kunena motsimikiza kuti oyandikana nawo sangapambane, ndipo nkhanuzi ndizisangalala ndi abale ake. Ndi akamba, zotsatira za kubalirana sizinganenedweratu. Crab yaying'ono kwambiri yomwe imathanso kudya usiku wotsatira, koma mitundu ikuluikulu imakhala pachiwopsezo chake. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti akambuku nthawi zambiri amafunika kutentha kwambiri kuposa nkhanu.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Monga mukudziwa, pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya nkhanu ndi mbedza ndi osonkhetsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sadzasaka chakudya, koma idyani zomwe mungatenge.
Popeza zakudya zachilengedwe za nyama izi zimaphatikizira masamba, amakhala osangalala kudya masamba (zidutswa za maungu, kabichi, kaloti wosankhidwa), komanso masamba: sipinachi, masamba a dandelion, letesi. Mutha kuperekanso zipatso: nthochi, mapeyala, maapulo ngakhale malalanje.
Menyu yanthawi zonse iyeneranso kuphatikiza chakudya cha nyama, kuphatikizapo chisanu. Izi zitha kukhala shrimp ndi mussels, zidutswa za nkhuku ndi chiwindi cha ng'ombe kapena chakudya chamasiku: nsomba zam'magazi, gammarus, crickets.
Kumbukirani kuti kuchokera ku zakudya zamapuloteni mu crustaceans, kukula kumathandizira, komwe, kumapangidwa ndikusungunuka pafupipafupi. Ulusi uliwonse wa nkhanu ndi mayeso ovuta, chifukwa chake sikofunikira kwenikweni kupatsa nkhanu za achikulire chakudya chopangidwa ndi nyama - osapitirira kawiri pa sabata.
Mwakutero, chakudyacho chimayenera kukhala chosiyanasiyana ndipo chimakhala ndi calcium yokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nthawi yopumira.
Zosankha zamtundu
Nkhanu ndizosavomerezeka, zomwe zili mkati mwake zimafunikira kutentha kwa madzi a + 25 ... + 26 C. Madziwo ayenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito zosefera. Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa zinthu zovulaza, madziwo amabwezedwa kamodzi pa sabata ndi 1/5 ya buku lonse.
Uphungu! Kusinthasintha kowopsa kutentha kwa madzi ndi mpweya siziyenera kuloledwa, apo ayi pali ngozi ya kufa kwa chiweto.
Kuuma kwamadzi kumalimbikitsidwa - pamtunda wa 10 gh, acidity - 7-7.5 pH. Mutha kuthira mchere pamchere wamchere, koma anthu amakhala m'madzi abwino.
Zofunikira zotsatirazi zimakhazikitsidwa pamtunda wa mpweya mu aquarium - + 26 ... + 28 C. Pamwamba pake amaphimbidwa ndi chivindikiro. Mkati, chotenthetsera chapadera chimayikidwa ndikusintha kwawokha kwa mawonekedwe.
Kudyetsa koyenera
Zomwe zili ngati utawaleza zimaphatikizapo kudyetsa koyenera. Mwachilengedwe, anthu amadya chakudya chomera - algae, mollus, mwachangu, tizilombo. Makonda awo kunyumba amapangidwa ndi izi:
- masamba letesi
- broccoli
- Peking, Brussels imamera,
- nkhaka
- zukini
- kaloti wowiritsa,
- katsitsumzukwa
- dzungu
- mapeyala, maapulo,
- tsabola wofiyira
- nandolo zobiriwira.
Iwo amalimbikitsa nkhanu zokhala ndi zingwe zamadzi otentha, ma dandelion, sipinachi. Ndikwabwino kuyika chakudyacho pamalo amodzi, koma kulikonse komwe chakudya chikhala, chiweto chimachipezabe.
Mutha kupatsa chakudya cha arthropod chakudya chonyowa cha nsomba, daphnia, tubifex, shrimp granules, gammarus wouma kapena wowuma, nyama ya squid, mussels, ma cellworms. Nthawi zina amadyetsa ziweto zawo ndi nkhuku.
Amakonda masamba a yophukira kuchokera ku mapulo, thundu, rasipiberi kapena calendula, dandelion, mitengo ya clover. Eni ake amawapereka oatmeal osoka ndi ma walnuts.
Uphungu! Osadyetsa anthu ochulukirapo komanso nthawi zambiri. Izi zimayambitsa kuipitsidwa kwamadzi ndi poyizoni ndi zinthu za metabolic. Zakudya za mmera ziyenera kudalira chakudya. Osalimbikitsa nthochi, mbatata, pasitala ndi zakudya zamafuta
Mitundu ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu
Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kusiyana kwa anthu pawonekedwe la utawaleza: chipolopolo cha buluu, miyendo yofiyira yowala. Zovala za Arthropod ndi imvi kapena mtundu wabuluu. Mimba ndi imvi. Amuna ali ndi utoto wambiri. Mwachilengedwe, nthumwi za mitunduyi zimakula mpaka 20 cm ndipo zimakhala pafupifupi zaka 10. Pakakhala ukapolo, kukula kwawo ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wawo ndi zazifupi. Amasiyana momwe amapezera chakudya - pamtunda, osati m'madzi. Mimba yaikazi ndiyofalikira kuposa yaimuna.
Ankhanu amakonda kukumba mink mumchenga. Arthropod imakanikizira dothi lokha, kenako ndikusunthira kumadzi ndikuiponyera pamenepo. Anthu owoneka ngati utawaleza sakonda kukhala ndi anzawo. Ngati m'mphepete mwam'madzi muli anthu awiri, aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi malo ake, apo ayi akhoza kutsutsana. Khwangwala wosungunuka kumene amatha kudyedwa ndi abale ake.
Mutha kupeza nkhanu yamphongo yaimuna ndi wamkazi mu aquarium kotero kuti palibe ndewu. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ma arthropod samagwirizana ndi nsomba zazing'ono ndikudya.
Ziweto zowoneka ngati utawaleza zimasiyanitsidwa ndi luntha, zimazindikira mwini wawo ndipo zimapita m'manja mwake mwakufuna. Ngati Aquarium sanatseke, nkhanu imatha kuthawa. Kuti mumupeze, akulangizidwa kuti ayike sopo pansi ndi madzi.
Pakusungunuka, utawaleza wa arthropods umataya osati chophimba chakale, komanso gawo la matumbo.Izi zimachitika kamodzi pachaka 1-1.5. Achichepere amalira pafupipafupi kuposa achikulire. Pambuyo pa njirayi, amabisala kuti achire, mpaka chipolopolo chatsopano chakhazikika. Masiku atatu pet sayenera kusokonezedwa.
Mbovu yopanda utawaleza, kukonza kwake kunyumba si ntchito yovuta. Iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi udindo, nyama zimafuna chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro chapadera.