Pazithunzi zakumayiko osiyanasiyana mumatha kupeza chithunzi cha tambala. Mwachitsanzo, mu nthano za ku Russia, tambala amakhala ndi ngwazi ndipo amathandiza ofooka.
Zina
- Tambala ndi chizindikiro cha sgging ndi magazi. Anthu ena akadali ndi tambala.
- Pakati pa Asilamu Akum'mawa komanso mu nthano zachikhristu, imodzi mwa zofunikira kwambiri za tambala ndi zeze. Kuyimbira kwake ndikuwonetsa kuyamba kwa ola latsopano pomwe mizimu yamdima ikugwira. Ndi kuyimba kwake, tambala wokondera amabalalitsa zoyipa mpaka usiku wotsatira. Kuyimbira kwa tambala tachitatu - chizindikiro cha nthawi pakati pausiku mpaka m'bandakucha - chikuwonetsa kutha kwa mphamvu zosayera.
- A Slavs adapereka tambala wakuda pomanga nyumbayo.
- Pachikhalidwe cha ku China, tambala wokhala ndi nthenga zagolide, zomwe zimayimba katatu patsiku (kutuluka kwa dzuwa, masana ndi kulowa dzuwa), zimayambira Epithet "Zakumwamba" ndipo imatengedwa ngati mfundo yaumunthu, chizindikiro cha mphamvu zamunthu Yang.
- Ku England, mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za XVIII, zosangalatsa zamagazi zidachitidwa, zomwe zimatchedwa "Kuponya tambala" (Chingerezi cha tambala). Zinali zakuti omvera amaponya zinthu mu tambala wobzalidwa mumphika mpaka mbalame itamwalira. Nthawi zambiri zosangalatsa izi zinkachitika pa Pancake Lachiwiri (nthawi ya carnival). Nthawi zina, mbalameyo inkamangidwa pamtengo. Kapenanso amene amamponyera zinthu adachititsidwa khungu. Ku Sussex, tambala adamumangiriza ndi nsalu yopunthira mikono isanu kapena isanu ndi umodzi, kotero kuti samatha kuyang'ana pa iwo omwe akumunyoza.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Roosters amatchedwa nkhuku zonse zachimuna. Mwachitsanzo, mwana wamwamuna wa phala amatha kutchedwa tambala, monganso nkhuku yaimuna. M'mawonedwe wamba, tambala ndi yemwe amakhala nkhuku, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi chisa, spurs ndipo, monga lamulo, kuchuluka kwa motley.
Kanema: Tambala
Roosters ndi nkhuku zoweta agawidwa m'mitundu iyi:
- nyama - yopangidwa kuti ipange nyama, ndi yayikulu kukula, yayitali thupi
- dzira - nkhuku ziyenera kupangidwa kwa iwo, koma pali tinthu tambiri tomwe timapanga manyowa gulu la nkhuku,
- nkhondo. Tizilombo tating'ono tomwe timagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitunduyi, chifukwa nkhuku zazimuna zazimuna ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa zazikazi. Masewera olimbana ndi akulu, koma opepuka kulemera. Amatha kusunthika, amakhala ndi ndewu zazitali komanso zokhala ndi ma spurs,
- kukongoletsa - tandala timakhala tiweto, ndipo timasiyanitsidwa ndi zizindikilo zilizonse zapadera - ma dwarfism, gigantism, plumage yapadera, ndi zina zambiri,
- mawu - roosterredredredredlyly forimba.
Tambala ndi mbalame yojambulidwa yojambulidwa yopanda nkhuku zatchire, mapiri ndi mbalame zina. Roosters adagwidwa ngati mbalame zomwe siziopa anthu, zimayamba kuchuluka. Kuyambira kale, tambala takhala tikuwasamalira ngati zovala zaunyimbo, zomwe zimawonetsera kufika kwa dzuwa lam'mawa ndi kulira kwawo.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Kodi tambala akuwoneka bwanji?
Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana, agalu amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Pazonse, malamulo ake amakhalabe osasinthika. Mbalameyi imakhala ndi miyendo yayitali yolimba, yokhala ndi mapiko ofooka, pomwe imatha kuuluka kapena kuuluka kwakanthawi kochepa. Tambala timakhala ndi khosi lalifupi koma lalitali, mutu wochepa komanso wopendekera komanso "ndevu" - zokhala ndi chikopa pansi pamlomo.
Rozi zambiri zimakhala ndi mchira wowonekera. Nthenga pa izo ndi zokulirapo, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala. Chifukwa cha michira yawo, tambala timatha kukopa zazikazi, ngati nkhanga. Mitundu yambiri ya roosters imakhala ndi ma spurs - zala zobzalidwa pamwamba pake zabwinobwino ndi nsapato zakuthwa zolimba. Roosters ndi akuluakulu komanso amphamvu kuposa nkhuku. Amasiyananso chifukwa amatha kuyimba mokweza - khwangwala.Izi ndizotheka chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kamtundu wa mbalamezi.
Mbidzi za mazira zokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono pamitu yathu, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapakidwa utoto wofiirira. Chikhulupiriro chotere ndi chachikulu kwambiri kuti chimatha kugwa mbali imodzi. Matambala oterewa amalemera mpaka makilogalamu atatu., Ndipo tambala ndi nyama ya mazira imatha kufika anayi.
Chochititsa chidwi: Mosasamala kukula ndi kudyetsa tambala, nyama yake ndi chakudya.
Roosters a nyama zokhazokha zomwe zimatha kukhala zolemera pafupifupi makilogalamu asanu. Awa ndi mbalame zomwe zimaberekera, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuyiyenda, chifukwa sizitha kulimbitsa thupi. Nyama zokhala ndi nyama zimamera mwachangu, mosiyana ndi mtundu wa mazira. Pali malo okhala zokongoletsera omwe amakulira okha mawonetsero, mipikisano ndi zomwe amachita masewera.
- Roost a Brahma ndi akulu kwambiri ogawana nkhuku omwe amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwawo kwakuthengo. Izi ndizambiri ngati "mathalauza",
- tulo tofa nato. Dzinali limadzilankhulira lokha - tambala awa amasiyanitsidwa ndi tsitsi lopotana, lomwe limapangika ma curls enieni ndi ma curls,
- Milfler tambala. Awa ndi okongola kwenikweni omwe amatha kudzitama chifukwa cha mitundu yambiri. Mchira wawo wakuda wokhala ndi madontho oyera oyera nawonso ndi wapamwamba,
- paduan - tambala okhala ndi nthenga zazikulu,
- Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta Oryol - amawoneka ofanana kwambiri ndi magawo a akazi.
Kodi tambala amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Tambala ku Russia
Roosters yekha nkhuku. Mwachidziwitso, amatha kukhala malo otentha kuthengo, koma sangayike mizu pamikhalidwe yotere. Roosters si mbalame zosagwira chisanu, koma popeza sizitha kuuluka zimawapangitsa kukhala pachiwopsezo cha adani onse.
Ambiri mwa tambala wa mitundu yonse amasungidwa pama famu opanga zinthu. Pafupifupi 75 peresenti ya nyamayo imapangidwa kuchokera ku nkhuku za fakitale ndi maluwa okhalamo, ndipo pafupifupi 70% ya mazira amapangidwa mumafakitale amtunduwu. Gawo laling'ono la mbalamezi limasungidwa ndi obereketsa achokha - m'madacha, m'midzi ndi m'mafamu azinyumba. Choperetsetsa chochulukirapo ndikuti nkhuku zokongoletsera ndi tambala zimasungidwa kunyumba.
Roosters safuna mwamphamvu pazikhalidwe zomwe akumangidwa. Mitundu ya mbalamezi imadulidwa mwanjira yoti ikhale yokwanira kuwapatsa malo ochepa okhala. Mitundu ya nyama ya thukuta nthawi zambiri imasungidwa kokha m'makola komwe imapatsidwa chakudya mpaka mbalame zitakula ndikupita kokaphedwa.
Zipinda zogona mnyumba ndi m'mafamu ang'onoang'ono amazisunga mikhalidwe yabwino. Roosters ndi nkhuku zimaperekedwa ndi malawi nkhuku momwe mbalame zimakhazikitsa zisa zazing'ono, kupuma kapena kubereka ana ngati mbewu ndi dzira. Komanso, tambala timafunikira udzu wobiriwira, pomwe pali malo odyetserako ziweto - malo okhala ndi mipanda yolimba kwambiri yomwe mbalame zimatha kumata udzu.
Kufotokozera
Tambala ndi nkhuku yachimuna, ambiri, amuna amtundu wonse wa nkhuku. Kunja, nthawi zambiri zimasiyana ndi nkhuku yokhala ndi chisa chachikulu ndi ndolo, komanso mchira wokongola komanso wamitundu yambiri.
Yaimuna nthawi zonse imakhala yolemera kuposa yaikazi ndipo nthawi zina imakhala yayikulu kwambiri - 1 kg kapena kuposerapo. Tambala nthawi zonse amawoneka wowala kuposa nkhuku ndipo amasiyanitsidwa ndi mchira wautali wokongola, komanso ma spurs kumapazi - kutuluka kwa mafupa.
Pamutu wa nkhuku, tambala ndi nkhuku zimayimira chisa ndi ndevu. Izi si zokongoletsera zokha, koma ziwalo zopatsirana, mothandizidwa ndi mbalameyo zimagawa magazi mthupi lonse. Amtunduwo amabwera mosiyanasiyana - wopindika, wowoneka ngati nyemba, muzu wokhala ndi zazikulu kwambiri.
Gulu la tambala
Kutengera phindu lazachuma, roosters ndi nkhuku zimayikidwa m'mitundu iyi:
- Nyama. Kulemera kwa nkhuku ndi 2.9-3.6 kg, amuna ndi 3.4-4.7 kg.
- Brahma. Zolocha nyumba iliyonse. Mbalame yokhala ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa mwapadera: maula akuda kapena owala ndi kolala yosiyanitsa.
- Konhinin. Mbalameyi ndi yayikulu komanso yayikulu, yokhala ndi chifuwa chachikulu cham'mimba komanso kumbuyo chachikulu. Mchira wa tambala umakongoletsedwa ndi pigtails lalifupi. Leaf scallop. Mlomo wokhota wopindika. Maso ofiira ofiira.Zowonjezerazo ndizabwino kwambiri, zimabisanso miyendo.
- Nyama ndi dzira. Kulemera kwa roosters ndi 3.5-4.1 kg, nkhuku ndi 2.5-3.2 kg.
- Chikinsky. Ili ndi chotupa chokongola, chisa chaching'ono. Zimalekerera kutentha ndi kuzizira. Mtundu wa maula amadzu ndi ofiira. Pa mapiko pali mzere wakuda wokhala ndi tint yobiriwira.
- Siliva wofatsa. Thupi lolimba, sing'anga kukula, thupi lalitali, lolunjika ndi kumbuyo. Chifuwa chokwanira, mafupa olimba mwamphamvu. Mutu wozungulira wozungulira wokhala ndi sing'anga wapakatikati.
- Dzira. Kulemera kwa nkhuku ndi 1.8-2.2 kg, mwa amuna - 2.7-3.4 kg. Chikhulupiriro cha roosters chimakhala chofanana ndi masamba, pambuyo pa dzino la 2-3, chimakonda mbali imodzi. Kupanga mazira a nkhuku - mazira 200-265 pachaka.
- Broken bula ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wopangidwa ndi mazira ambiri. Oyimira ake ndi osasamala pazambiri. Ali ndi thupi lalikulu. Kuchita bwino kwa nkhuku ndi 98%.
- Leghorn. Kukula kwapakatikati. Amakhala ndi thupi lofanana ndi thupi, lofanana thupi, lozungulira, lachiwonetsero cha kutsogolo. Atasunthira kumbuyo, amalira pakati. Thupi limafanana ndi makona atatu a isosceles mawonekedwe.
- Zokongoletsa:
- Dutch-oyera. Awa ndi omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe achilendo. Kukula kwapakatikati. Amadziwika ndi thupi lofanana. Zowonjezerazo ndizoyenera. Pamutu pali chithunzithunzi chabwino kwambiri cha nthenga zoyera ngati chipewa. Nthenga zimapezekanso m'munsi mwa mulomo.
- Silika waku China. Mitundu ya kukongoletsa, yosuntha kwambiri, yodziwika ndi maula a silika.
- Kulimbana. Ma tambala oyamba anali atawelengera ku Europe, Asia, Africa kuti amenyane. Ku India nkhuku zodyetsa zakudya zinapezeka ku India.
- Oryol. Mwakuwoneka kuti adasanjidwa ndi Prince Orlov-Chesmensky. Idagawidwa kwambiri m'zaka za XIX ku Russia. Kunja kwachilendo komanso kokongola. Amadziwika ndi kupanga mazira kwambiri komanso kukoma kwambiri kwa nyama.
- Azil. Kutalika, miyendo yayifupi, bondo, yokhala ndi zowoneka bwino zowoneka bwino, squat. Mwamphamvu kwambiri.
- Kulimbana Ndi India. Makulidwe akulu, amtundu wokhala ndi miyendo yolimba, miyendo yayitali, ndi maula owoneka bwino. Khalidwe ndilabwino.
Moyo ndi Zambiri
Kuti muwonetsetse kukhala bwino, nkhuku sizifunikira malo akulu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mbalame zimasungidwa mu nkhola kapena nkhokwe. Ngakhale nkhuku zambiri sizimadwala, ndizabwino kuti zizipeza chisanu nthawi yachisanu. Kukula nkhuku ndi ntchito yopindulitsa. Ngati nkhuku yowiritsa, pamafunika ma kilogalamu awiri okha azakudya zofunika kwambiri kuti apange 1 kg. nyama. M'miyezi iwiri yoyambirira, kuchuluka kwa nkhuku zozizira kumawonjezereka 30-40! Mitundu ya nkhuku ya mazira imatha kutulutsa mazira 240 pachaka kapena kukulitsa nkhuku zoposa 120.
Mwachilengedwe, nkhuku ndizosangalatsa komanso zamanyazi. Amakhala ndi chidwi pakusintha komwe kumangidwa, komwe kumakhudza phindu lawo. Hens amafunika regimen. Kusintha kwake, komanso phokoso lakuthwa lakumaso ndi phokoso kumatha kusokoneza kachitidwe ka thupi.
Mukasunga nkhuku zingapo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mbalame zimatha kukhala mwamtopoyi polumikizana. Alinso ndi maufumu omveka bwino pakati pa anzawo. Atsogoleri nthawi zambiri amakhala nkhuku zazikulukulu - ndi omwe amapindula ndi kudyetsa.
Ngakhale milandu ya cannibalism imakonda kupezeka m'mabanja a nkhuku. Pofuna kuziletsa, pakubzala kwa malonda, mdulowo umadulidwira mbalame (magawo awiri mwa atatu a mulomo ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mulomo).
Pomenyera ufulu
Tambala ndi mbalame, yemwe amayambitsa nkhuku zake. Wokhala m'nkhalango zowirira ndi m'nkhalango za bamboo amadziwa kuwuluka bwino, amapuma ndikugona pamitengo. Mwina kuyambira nthawi imeneyo pomwe tambala wamasiku ano amakhalabe mu chizolowezi chokwera kwambiri momwe angathere kuti athe kuwona malo ozungulira ndikuwachenjeza ankhandwe za njira yobwera.
Tambala ndi munthu wotchuka yemwe ali ndi akazi angapo pomugonjera. Amayamba kutsimikizira udindo wake, kwinaku nkhuku. Izi zikuwonetsedwa mu chiwonetsero chaukali kwa anthu amitundu ina. Mpikisano umakhala wolimba gulu. Zadziwika kuti opambana pankhondo yampikisano nthawi zambiri ndi omwe amakhala ndi akaloledwa ndi masamba.
Amuna okhala ndi chovala chamutu wowoneka ngati pod, wodziwika ndi kudandaula kwakukulu, ayenera kukhala ndi moyo modzicheuka. Mitundu ina yamaluwa safuna kukhalabe m'magulu azitsulo ndipo nthawi iliyonse akamamenyera nkhondo, nthawi zambiri amakhala osamenyana, koma mwamphamvu, mwakuwukira kumbuyo. Nthawi zina amatuluka modzidzimutsa, kufunafuna, kutsitsa mtsogoleriyo kwambiri, ndipo amapatsa mpikisano popanda kumenya nkhondo.
Kudyetsa
Nkhuku ndizosangalatsa. Ndi gawo ili lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wopezeka muzakudya za mbalame zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale zotayirira zophika kukhitchini. Komabe, nkhuku zimatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa zokonda za chakudya - ndipo izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa mukamaphika. Chakudya chachikulu cha nkhuku chikasungidwa mnyumbamo ndi chakudya, chophatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu. M'chilimwe, mbalame nthawi zambiri zimadyera udzu, zimadyera masamba, ndikugwira mphutsi ndi mphutsi zamtchire. Zakudya zoterezi ndizothandiza nkhuku ndipo zimakhudzanso mazira ake.
Ma peyala ang'onoang'ono (monga ngale) ayenera kuyikidwa mgulu la chakudya cha nkhuku. Kufunika kotereku kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kapangidwe ka m'mimba mwa nkhuku: imakhala ndi madipatimenti awiri - minyewa ndi glandular. Kuti chimbudzi chizigwira ntchito moyenera, nkhuku zimafuna chakudya cholimba kwambiri.
Mavitamini ndi michere ndiofunikira kwa nkhuku zomwe zimatanganidwa kusaka mazira. Nthawi zambiri, zowonjezera mavitamini zimakhala kale gawo la chakudya chamakono cha nyama. Patsiku, ndikokwanira kudyetsa nkhukuzi kawiri nthawi yachisanu komanso kamodzi pachilimwe. Pakusamalira nkhuku m'mafakitale, chakudya chawo chimakhala ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana zosakanizidwa ndi mafuta, yisiti, mbewu za muzu, tubers, mavitamini ndi mchere.
Kodi umuna umakhala bwanji?
Nkhuku ndi zinthu zamoyo zopanda mbolo. Njira yoberekera imachitika kudzera mwa zovala - chidutswa chokulirapo cha m'mimba kumbuyo kwake chomwe chimatsegukira kunja kudzera pakabowo pansi pa mchira.
Tambala akachulukitsa nkhuku, matupi ake amadzuka, ndipo tinthu tachigololo timayamba kutulutsa mbewu. Zovala zazimuna ndi zazikazi zimakumana, ndipo mbewuyo imalowa mwa mkaziyo, imakhalabe ndi mphamvu mpaka milungu itatu. Mazira omwe adayikidwa panthawiyi amathiridwa feteleza.
Thumba lachiberekero la nkhuku limawoneka ngati mulu wazipatso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe ndi maselo a mazira Kukula kwa mphesa kumatengera dzira lomwe mukukula. Tsiku lililonse, dzira limodzi limakhazikika mu nkhuku, yomwe, ikugwetsa nembanemba, imasiyanitsidwa ndi gulu ndikukutumiza ku oviduct. Kuchokera pamenepo imalowa mu cesspool, pomwe mbewu ya tambala imamuyembekezera.
Kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa umuna ndi dzira kumadziwika ndi zomwe zimachitika mu khungu, pomwe ulusi womwe umatuluka m'thupi la dzira umalowetsedwa dzira. Selo lobala laimuna limalowa mwa mkazi, ndi mutu wokha womwe umasamutsa deta ya chibadwa mkati, ndipo mchirawo umalekanitsidwa.
Pafupifupi 20-60 spermatozoa yogwira imalowa mu dzira la nkhuku, koma amodzi okha "tadpoles" ophatikizika ndi dzira. Pakadutsa maola 23-24, dzira limapeza chipolopolo ndipo nthawi iyi itatuluka.
Kodi tambala m'modzi amafunikira tambala wangati?
Pazakugonana, tambala wachikondi nthawi zina amawonetsa zozizwitsa za kupirira. Kuthamangitsa akazi osagona pamtunda wa nkhuku, amadabwa ndi luso lake osati paubwana, komanso okalamba.
Tambala ayenera kupatsidwa gulu la nkhuku 10-12. Kuonetsetsa kuti tambala akwaniritsa bwino ntchito zake zabwino, ayenera kupatsa kampani ya nkhuku 10-12, koma osatero.Kuchepa pang'ono patsiku kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa umuna wa dzira ndi kupulumuka kwa anapiye.
Kukhalapo kwa azimuna angapo mumtambo umodzi wa nkhuku kumatha kubweretsa mpikisano waukulu komanso kumenyana kosalekeza, komwe, monga lamulo, kumabweretsa zowonongeka zazikulu.
Alimi a nkhuku odziwa zambiri amadziwa kuti kupezeka kwa tambala wamphamvu muufumu wa nkhuku kumathandizanso kukhala ndi moyo wabata komanso wodekha pakugonetsa nkhuku. Kuti akweze tambala wabwino, ayenera kuthandiza kuteteza nkhuku. Kuti izi zitheke, zamphongo siziloledwa kukhala m'malo okhala mbalame, koma, mmalo mwake, nkhuku zimabweretsedwa.
Musaiwale kuti kusankha tambala mosamala kumathandizira kukulitsa ziwengo nthawi zina. Ndikwabwino kuti muzikonda anyamata osapitirira chaka chimodzi, chifukwa ndi msinkhu, luso la kubereka limatsika kwambiri.
Mtsogoleri weniweni wamwamuna ayenera kudziwika ndi:
- kupsa mtima,
- ma scallops a mawonekedwe olondola komanso magazi abwino kwambiri,
- zala zokhazokha
- Mchira wokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso wopanda chotsogoza,
- chifuwa chachikulu komanso kulimba kwa thupi.
Tambala samatulutsa nkhuku - choti achite?
Nthawi zambiri muulimi wa nkhuku pamakhala zochitika pamene tambala samalowetsa nkhuku.
Izi zitha kukhala ndi zifukwa zingapo:
- aubwana
- tambala analibe nthawi yolowa pagulu latsopanoli,
- kupsinjika
- tambala wa hermaphrodite
Ngati chifukwa chakusowa kwa matching chakugona kwambiri, muyenera kungoyembekezera nthawi imeneyi. Tambala amayamba kuthira feteleza nkhuku zikafika zaka 24-26 milungu. Ngakhale atafika pa kutha msinkhu, tambala tating'ono sitidziwa zambiri ndipo sitingathe kuzindikira msanga zanzeru zonse za njirayi.
Ngati kukula kwa nkhuku kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala malo awiri ogawana, ndiye ndiyofunika kugula wina wachikulire. Mwa chitsanzo chake, awonetsa momwe angakhalire ndi azimayiwo, ndikupanga mpikisano wothana ndi tambala wachinyamata.
Tambala yemwe tangotenga kumene ndi kubzala m'munda wakhazikitsidwa kale wa nkhuku sangapeze chilankhulo wamba ndi oyandikana nawo. Mwinanso nkhukuzi siziloledwa kumufikira komanso sizikulemekezedwa. Kenako muyenera kuyika tambala mu paddock ndi kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono nkhuku imodzi. Chifukwa chake, atenga ulamuliro ndipo onse osamukira kumayiko ena akhoza kusungidwa limodzi.
Komanso tambala amatha kupanikizika chifukwa cha mayendedwe kapena kusintha kwanyumba, m'malo mwake amafunika kupatsidwa nthawi kuti azolowere nyumba yatsopano. Ndizotheka kuti woweta nkhuku sazindikira momwe tambala amalembera nkhuku. Muyenera kudikirira masabata angapo, yang'anani mazira kukhalapo kwa mazira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti vutoli ndi lenileni.
Chifukwa chachilendo kwambiri chosowa kwa matupi awo ndi kugonana kopanda pake kwa tambala. Chododometsa, koma mbalame ndi hermaphrodites. Mlimi ayenera kuphunzira momwe wamunayo aliri, ndipo ngati m'malo mong'ung'uza pa mpanda ayesa kukhala mu chisa, kumudikirira kuti agwire ntchito zachimuna sikumveka. Tikukupemphani kuti muwone kanema pomwe mlimi amalankhula zokhudzana ndi zovuta zonse zokhudzana ndi kusaka nkhuku.
Zosangalatsa
- Adani a thukuta ndi omwe amadyera nyama zilizonse, monga nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe. Roosters amakhala mu nkhuku yofikira ndi nkhuku khumi ndi zingapo ndi nkhuku.
- Kutacha, tambala amayesetsa "kulowetsa" khwangwala wake wodziwika "!"
- Pazithunzi zakumayiko osiyanasiyana mumatha kupeza chithunzi cha tambala. Mu nthano zachikhalidwe zaku Russia, tambala ndi wakhalidwe labwino, ali ndi ngwazi ndipo amathandiza ofooka. Ana amakonda kwambiri nthano za Petya-tambala.
- Tambala ndi chizindikiro cha zadirosti. Anthu ena akadali ndi tambala. Ku England, mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za XVIII, zosangalatsa zamagazi zidachitidwa, zomwe zimatchedwa "kuponya tambala." Zinali zakuti omvera amaponya zinthu mu tambala wobzalidwa mumphika mpaka mbalame itamwalira.
- Pakati pa Asilava Akumawa, ntchito yofunika kwambiri tambala ngati hule ndi sentinel.Kuyimbira kwake ndikuwonetsa kuyamba kwa ola latsopano pomwe mizimu yamdima ikugwira.
- Mwa kuyimba, tambala amabalalitsa zoyipa mpaka usiku wotsatira. Kuyimbira kwa tambala tachitatu - chizindikiro cha nthawi pakati pausiku mpaka m'bandakucha - chikuwonetsa kutha kwa mphamvu zosayera. A Slavs adapereka tambala wakuda pomanga nyumbayo.
- Tambala amapanga mawu osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, akaitanitsa nkhuku kuti zizidyetsa, ndiye kuti khwangwala abwereza, koma kulira kwam'mawa kumachitika kamodzi, koma motalikirapo komanso pafupipafupi. Kukwera kwakukulu, kuchuluka kwake, komanso kutalika kwa phokosolo, kumakhala kowonjezera momwe tambala amapangidwira nkhuku ndi zina tambala. Tambala yemweyo nthawi zonse amalira momwemo. Mwa njira, tambala samatha kulira ngati sangathe kuderera khosi lake.
- Ayam Chemani ndi mtundu wa nkhuku zakuda kwathunthu ndi tizilombo tokhala ku Indonesia. Amakhala ndi jini lotchuka lomwe limayambitsa Hyperpigmentation. Mafupa awo ndi ziwalo zamkati nazonso ndi zakuda, ngakhale magazi a mbalamezi amakhala akuda kwambiri.
- Tambala wotchedwa Mike (aka Miracle Mike) adataya mutu mu 1945. Koma kenako adakhalanso ndi miyezi 18, popeza anali akadali ndi maziko aubongo ndi khutu limodzi. Mlimiyo ataona kuti mbalameyo sikufa, anaisamalira, kudyetsa mkaka ndi tirigu kudzera mu bomba. Mike adatchuka pomwe mwini wakeyo adayamba kuziwonetsa ku America konse, ndipo zenizeni zalembedwa. Tambala adamwalira pokhapokha chifukwa mwini wakeyo adayiwala chakudya ndi syringe kuti ayeretse mayesowo pamalo a chiwonetsero chimodzi. Ambiri adayesera kubwereza kuyesaku, koma palibe nkhuku inanso yomwe idakhala masiku oposa awiri.
- Ornithologist waku UK, a Joe Edgar, adapeza mu nkhuku zakunyumba kuthekera kuti amverenso chisoni (kutanthauza kumvera ena chisoni). Amadziwikanso kuti nkhuku zimakhala zachisoni ngati zili kutali ndi gululi.
- Roost zazikulu ndi zolimba ali ndi mwayi wambiri wobala: zazikazi zimamvetsetsa kuti zimatha kuwapatsa chakudya chochuluka. Kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ake ndi utoto wa pachithunzichi zilinso zofunika.
- Amatha kukumbukiranso mawonekedwe a nkhuku zoposa 100 kapena anthu, chifukwa amakumbukira omwe amawachitira nkhanza kapena bwino. Ali ndi mawonekedwe akuthwa (a telescopic) a mbalame zodya nyama, ndipo pakupanga zisankho amaganizira zomwe akudziwa komanso momwe akudziwa chilengedwe. Komanso, mbalamezi zimatha kuwerengetsa masamu komanso kusiyanitsa mawonekedwe ena a geometric.
- Ku Southeast Asia, Mexico, ndi kumpoto kwa Philippines, anthu ambiri omwe amachita Chikhristu amapembedza mizimu ya makolo (anito). Zikhulupiriro za mizimuzi zimafikira ku tambala wamba komanso omenyera nkhondo: "njira yotchuka yopembedzera kuti anthu onse okhala kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia", malinga ndi anthu ena, malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha Yudeo-Chikristu, tsopano ndi mtundu wa Baali.
Tambala ndi nkhuku
"Amadalira mayi hen"
Tambala ndi nkhuku
Posachedwa, Fiery Monkey isamutsa ufulu wake kuti athe kuwongolera nsapato ya Fiery, ndipo atapatsidwa mwayi kuti chaka chamawa tidzakhala pansi pa chikwangwani chamoto, inu ndi ine osayeneranso kuwerengera moyo wabata.
Ndiye chaka chotsatira cha 2017 cha Tambala ndi chiyani, zomwe mungayembekezere kuchokera pazizindikiro za kalendala yakummawa, momwe zidzakhalire, ngakhale zibweretse uthenga wabwino, zomwe mukonzekere - izi ndi zomwe tikuuzeni m'nkhaniyi.
Limbani mwachangu komanso moyenera pasadakhale, musamachite zinthu mwachangu komanso mopanda ngozi, musalowe m'mikangano, chifukwa Roother ndi provocateur wodziwika komanso bullie, ndipo pakhoza kukhala zochitika zambiri momwe mungadzipweteketsere "mutu wanu".
Chifukwa chake, khalani osamala, odikira komanso oganiza bwino, khalani ndi nzeru, osapanga zisankho mwachangu!
Mu 2017 ikubwera ya Moto Rooster, kusintha kwakukulu kukuyembekezeredwa m'moyo wapagulu lonse lapansi.
Kulimbana kwa utsogoleri kukupitirirabe, mikangano yakale ndiyokayikitsa kuti yatha - Tambala sanalole.Tikukhulupirira kuti tidzatha kupewa mavuto, kuthana ndi mavuto athu komanso osapanga zolakwika zosafunikira.
Kodi chidzakhala chiyani chaka cha Tambala 2017
Chizindikiro cha 2017 chidzakhala Tambala, chinthu cholamulira pachaka ndi moto, ndiye kuti Rooster ndi Fiery. Utoto waukulu ndi wofiyira ndipo mithunzi yonse yoyandikana nayo, kuphatikizapo matayala amoto, golide, lalanje, chikasu.
Monga taonera kum'mawa - Tambala ndiye mutu wabanja, amadzuka m'mawa, amayang'anira kayendetsedwe ka zinthu ndikuwongolera chilichonse. Ndiye chifukwa chake chaka chikubwerachi, muyenera kuyesa kuti musatseguke, khalani chala chanu pakukoka, khalani paliponse kenako mwayi udzakhala kumbali yanu.
Kwa zizindikiro zambiri zodiac, chaka cha 2017 cha Tambala wamoto chimatha kukhala chovuta. Izi zitha kukhudza gawo la bizinesi, ndalama kapena chikondi - aliyense, aliyense wa ife angamve kutengera kovuta kwa kazembe wa 2017.
Ngati tizingolankhula zomwe zidzakhale chaka cha 2017 cha Mphuzitsi Wamoto, ndiye titha kunena motsimikiza kuti nthawi imeneyi idzakhala yowala, ngati mchira wa tambala, yamkuntho komanso yosadalirika monga mawonekedwe a chizindikiro cha chaka.
Chochitika chimodzi chisintha mwachangu china, motero ndikofunikira kuwunika zomwe zikuchitika kuti apange chisankho choyenera mu nthawi.
Kusintha kudzachitika m'moyo wamunthu, komanso mdziko lonse. Okhulupirira nyenyezi ena amalosera za mkhalidwe wosakhazikika kwambiri mdziko lapansi, koma potengera malo omwe mapulanetiwo alipo, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa kwambiri.
Chaka chidzakhala chopatsa thanzi ndikuyenda bwino kwa iwo omwe amayesa kudzitsimikizira, kuwonetsa luso lawo, komanso njira yodabwitsa pazinthuzi. Mwayi woterewu ukaperekedwa, ndipo adzaperekedwadi, musaphonye.
Tambala samalekerera, kugwira ntchito molondola komanso mwadongosolo mu chilichonse, ambiri amayenera kuyika malingaliro awo, kukonzekera momwe angachitire ndikukonzekera mwanjira yawo popanda cholinga chosafunikira.
Ngati pa kukhazikitsa kwake ndikofunikira kuti tisinthe mfundo zake, momwe munthu amaonera moyo, malingaliro a dziko, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuyesetsa kuzikwaniritsa.
Rooster ndi katswiri pantchito, ndipo Fiery Rooster ndi mtsogoleri, wotsogola, mtsogoleri wodalirika komanso woganiza wazinthu zambiri. Ngati pali munthu wotere mdera lanu, ndiye kuti 2017 yatsopanoyo ikukomera ntchito yake, ndipo muyenera kumvera malingaliro ake - akhoza kukuthandizaninso.
Ngati inunso mukumva molimba mtima komanso osasunthika pakuthana ndi mavuto abizinesi, khalani ndi chidziwitso, mukudziwa momwe mungachitire izi kapena kuti ntchito - chaka chino ndichanu chonse. Mutha kuchita zambiri ngati mungadzipereke ku bizinesi yanu.
Nyenyezi zimalangiza mchaka cha Fire Rooster kuti aphunzire kukhala odalirika, atachita zina, musawanyalanyaze.
Zojambula za chaka tambala
Kodi chidzakhala chiyani chaka cha 2017 cha Mpangiri Wamoto?
Makhalidwe azachuma a 2017 azikhala motere - makamaka m'chigawo choyamba cha ndalama, pankhani ya ndalama, zidzakhala zovuta. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwachuma mdziko lapansi.
Roost Roost ndiwotentha kwambiri pankhani ya ndalama - kwa iye ndizizindikiro zazikulu zakupambana.
Ngati mukufuna kudzidalira pazachuma, ndiye kuti musadziikire nokha cholinga choterocho.
Simungafune ndalama zokha, koma kupambana pazinthu zanu, ndiye kuti zinthu zina zonse zimangotsatira.
Potengera zaumoyo, 2017 idzakhala yoopsa kwambiri kwa iwo omwe amayamba okha osachita nawo matupi awo.
Muyenera kuganizira zakuti matenda onse ophatikizidwa ndi mayankho osakhalitsa amayamba posachedwa, ndipo izi zitha kukhala vuto lenileni.
Ngati muli ndi matenda osachiritsika, musazengereze kulimbitsa thanzi lanu, ndipo pazizindikiro zoyambirira, pezani thandizo kuchipatala.
Osanyalanyaza mavitamini, chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso ntchito zakunja. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi ndizovomerezeka mwamphamvu kwa zizindikiro zonse za zodiac.
Roost Roost sakonda anthu aulesi.Ndi okhawo omwe amadzigwira okha, pantchito yawo komanso kukulitsa kwawo, omwe ayenera kulandira Rooster komwe akukhala ndikuwathandiza pazinthu zonse zomwe akuchita.
Chikhalidwe cha chaka chikubwerachi chimatiuza kuti nthawi yabwino yosintha gawo lazinthu zikhala ndendende - chaka cha Moto Rooster.
Osawopa kuyesa nokha kumalo osadziwika, phunzirani ndikupanga. Izi sizikugwira ntchito kokha ku malingaliro aumunthu, komanso kwa athupi athupi.
Ngati mwakhala mukukonzekera kukhala mwamtundu, ndiye iyi ndi nthawi yoyenera kwambiri.
Ngati muli ndi matenda amtundu uliwonse, kutsimikiza mtima ndikuzindikira woyang'anira 2017, Fiery Rooster, kuthandizira kuthana nayo.
Wobadwa mchaka cha Tambala
Moyo wa anthu omwe adabadwa mchaka cha Fiery Rooster nthawi zonse umadzazidwa ndi mitundu yowala ndi zochitika zamitundu yonse. Ntchito yayikulu ya makolo polera mwana wawo, komanso Tambala yekha, ndikuthana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana ndi mavuto a moyo, kuwerengera molondola mphamvu zake kuti akwaniritse zolinga zatsopano ndi mwayi.
Onse amuna ndi akazi obadwa mchaka cha Tambala ali ndi luso komanso ali ndi mphatso yakukopa. Anthu awa atha kuchita bwino pantchito ili yonse, akwaniritse milomo yayitali kwambiri pantchito iliyonse, makamaka m'malo opanga komanso azachuma.
Amuna ndi akazi obadwa omwe ali ndi chizimba cha kalendala akummawa, pafupifupi chilichonse amayesetsa kuti apeze phindu lalikulu, nthawi zonse amayesetsa kupeza ntchito yolipidwa kwambiri komanso yolemekezeka, amayesetsa kuchita izi, nthawi zambiri ngakhale zimakhumudwitsa omwe amakhala nawo pafupi, anzawo pantchito.
Kuzochita zatsiku ndi tsiku, komanso kugonjera, Tambala alibe chiyembekezo komanso samakondedwa. Moyo wa munthuyu sudzakhala wotopetsa, wosasangalatsa komanso wamba. Nayo mudzakhala moyo wotanganidwa wambiri ndi maulendo owoneka bwino, kutembenuka kosayembekezereka, ngakhale kuli kwina koopsa komanso kosasangalatsa.
Ubwana, unyamata wa Tambala, komanso zaka zauchikulire, zimatanganidwa kwambiri ndi zochitika, zodzadza ndi mavuto amtundu uliwonse zofunikira, koma asanakwanitse zaka, amadzuka, alibe chiyembekezo ndipo amasangalala naye.
Anthu omwe adabadwa chaka chino ndi osangalatsa komanso osangalatsa polankhulana, makamaka azimayi. Amakhala okonzeka kukhazikitsa banja laubwino, ngakhale nthawi zambiri amadzimanga ndi banja adakali achichepere.
Ndiwochezeka, osavuta kuyankhulana, koma kumangowakhulupirira monga choncho sikuyenera. Si aliyense amene akuchita bwino kuti agwirizane ndi Rooster pansi pamadenga amodzi, chifukwa anthu awa amayamikiranso chitetezo chawo ndipo samayeneranso kulekerera zofuna zawo, zosokoneza m'miyoyo yawo.
Kodi tambala amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Tambala wa mbalame
Tizilombo tambiri tomwe timakhala nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopatsa chidwi. Zakudya ndizosankhana ndipo zimatha kudya chakudya chambiri komanso nyama. Pa msipu waulere, tambala amatulutsa udzu wobiriwira, kutola mbewu, kukumba mizu.
Roosters amatenga pansi ndi ma thumba awo, kufunafuna chakudya chokoma kwambiri. Amatha kudya mphutsi ndi tizilombo, amathanso kuthamangitsa abuluzi. Nthawi zina mbewa zing'onozing'ono zimakhala chakudya chawo. Tambala akagwira nyama yayikulu, amaponyera ndi mlomo wake ndi milawu, kulimbikitsa nkhuku zina kuti zizikadya nyama.
Chochititsa chidwi: Nthawi zambiri, tambala timasokoneza njoka zapoizoni, zomwe zimaphedwa ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa ndi milomo, kenako ndikudya mosangalala.
Roosters safuna madzi ambiri, chifukwa amapeza zochuluka zamadzimadzi kuchokera ku udzu wobiriwira. Roosters amamwa, kutola mulomo wawo m'madzi ndikuponya mitu yawo, ndikuwameza. Mitundu ya nyama ya tambala imadyetsedwa zakudya zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana.
Nthawi zambiri, tambala amapatsidwa zinthu zotsatirazi:
- masamba ndi zipatso
- tirigu - oats, mapira, barele, mapira ndi zina zotero,
- chinangwa
- mazira, ophatikizidwa, ndizofunikira pakukula kwa anapiye,
- mkaka wamafuta ochepera mafuta owonjezera calcium utha kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya chowuma,
- mavitamini apadera a mbalame zaulimi.
Tsopano mukudziwa kudyetsa tambala. Tiyeni tiwone momwe amakhala m'malo achilengedwe.
Tambala mu zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana komanso zikhulupiriro.
Kuyambira kale, tambala ndi nyama yopatulika pazikhalidwe zina, zomwe zimakhazikika kwambiri pazikhulupiriro ndi zikhulupiriro zosiyanasiyana. Lingaliro Mbalame yaku Persia Agiriki adalumikizana ndi Aperisi: "Chifukwa chakufunika kwawo komanso kupembedza pakati pa Aperezi," koma kale izi zisanachitike ku Iran munthawi ya Kiyani (2000 BC - 700 zaka zapitazo A.E.) tambala anali nyama yopatulikitsa
Chidzakhala chiyani Chaka cha Tambala pazizindikiro za Horoscope Yaku East
Wobadwa mchaka cha Rat - Kunenedweratu kwa 2017 (wobadwa mu 1948, 1960, 1972, 1984, 1996, 2008 ...) - Kwa anthu a chizindikiro ichi cha kalendala yakummawa, zonse ziyenera kuyenda bwino, ndipo kusintha komwe kukuchitika kuzungulira pagulu sikungamukhudze munthu uyu.
Wobadwa mchaka cha Bull - Kuneneratu kwa 2017 (wobadwa mu 1949, 1961, 1973, 1985, 1997, 2009 ...) - Kudzidalira kudzabwerera kwa munthuyu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mutha kutenga zinthu zatsopano - zonse zidzakuyenderani bwino. Musadalire "comer woyamba", kuwerengera bwino zomwe mungathe kuchita ndi luso lanu.
Wobadwa mchaka cha Tiger - Zoneneratu za 2017 (wobadwa mu 1950, 1962, 1974, 1986, 1998, 2010 ...) - Kwa iye, chaka chikubwerachi ndi nthawi yovuta yamavuto, kulimbana, kupanduka komanso kukhumudwitsidwa. Tiger sangachite zochepa, ngakhale atayesetsa kuchita zambiri kuti achite bwino.
Wobadwa mchaka cha Kalulu / Mphaka - Zoneneratu za 2017 (wobadwa mu 1951, 1963, 1975, 1987, 1999 ...) - Anthuwa sakuyembekezera nthawi yabwino m'miyoyo yawo. Adzakhumudwitsidwa ndi zovuta zopanda pake ndi zovuta zomwe zingakhalepo, zomwe, komabe, zidzayenera kuthetsedwa.
Wobadwa mchaka cha chinjoka - Zoneneratu za 2017 (wobadwa mu 1952, 1964, 1976, 1988, 2000 ...) - Chinjoka chitha kukhala ndi mwayi, adzakhalanso ndi mwayi wina wowalitsa chaka chino, momwe Tambala amamuthandizira ... Koma ngati akufuna kudzitsimikizira - wamkulu funso.
Wobadwa mchaka cha Njoka - Kuneneratu kwa 2017 (obadwa mu 1953, 1965, 1977, 1989, 2001 ...) - Kwa oimira chizindikiro ichi cha kalendala yakummawa, ndi chaka chankhanza komanso chowopsa. Tambala amatha kukuguguda, "kukubwezerani" mavuto, ndikukugwetsani m'mavuto.
Wobadwa mchaka cha Akavalo - Zoneneratu za 2017 (wobadwa mu 1954, 1966, 1978, 1990, 2002 ...) - Anthu awa akuchita bwino, malire omwe adapangidwa amakhala otetezeka kuti athe kukhala chaka chokhala chete. Ngati Tambala atayamba kuvulaza munthuyu, ndiye kuti ali pachiwopsezo choponderezedwa ndi Akavalo.
Wobadwa mchaka cha Mbuzi / Nkhosa - Ziwonetsero za 2017 (wobadwa mu 1955, 1967, 1979, 1991, 2003 ...) - Chaka chonse chikubwera chidzawonetsedwa kwakukulu, anthu awa adzayesetsa kukhala ndi moyo wa bohemian, woyezedwa, akukana kuyesetsa kowonjezereka kuti atsimikizire kukhala bwino.
Wobadwa mchaka cha Monkey - Zoneneratu za 2017 (wobadwa mu 1956, 1968, 1980, 1992, 2004 ...) - Ngakhale kuti chaka chake chatha, zonse sizingakhale zoseketsa, ndi nthawi ya moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Ngakhale ulamuliro wa Tambala udzasangalatsa Monkey, sichingaleke kuti chikulemere.
Wobadwa mchaka cha Tambala - Zoneneratu za 2017 (wobadwa mu 1957, 1969, 1981, 1993, 2005 ...) - Chaka chabwino kwambiri kwa Jombo komanso chosadabwitsa! Kupatula apo, zinthu zonse zimanyezimira, iye ali pamalo owala, zonse zimamuyendera. Komabe, simuyenera kudalira kuti zonse zidzipanga nokha - muyenera kugwira ntchito ngati mukuyembekeza kuchita bwino.
Wobadwa mchaka cha galu - Zoneneratu za 2017 (wobadwa mu 1958, 1970, 1982, 1994, 2006 ...) - Kwa oimira chizindikiro ichi cha kalendala ya kum'mawa, chaka cha zochitika, kuthana ndi zopinga komanso kumenyera moyo wabwino. Dzikhazikitseni pazinthu zabwino ndipo musasokonezedwe ndi zinthu zazing'ono kuchokera ku cholinga chanu.
Wobadwa mchaka cha Nguluwe / Nkhumba - Zoneneratu za 2017 (wobadwa mu 1959, 1971, 1983, 1995, 2007 ...) - Ntchito zowononga zidzabala zipatso. Oyimira kalendala yakummawa mwa munthu wa Boar / Nguluwe adzapambana ngati iwowo sangadzivulaze ndi mayendedwe awo othamanga. Osadodometsedwa ndi zinthu zopanda pake, yang'anani pa chinthu chachikulu.
Ngakhale tambala tambala Pafupipafupi, pali ena omwe ali ndi chidwi chokhudza mawonekedwe ake, malo, zakudya komanso kubereka. Tikati timva izi, mkuwona kwathu munthu wankhanza wazungu kapena wamotoni wokhala ndi kakhoti ofiira amakokedwa.
M'malo mwake, pali mitundu yambiri ya mbalamezi, ndipo ngakhale akatswiri azachilengedwe akukangana kwambiri pazomwe zimayenera kuonedwa ngati mtunduwu. Amatha kukhala ndi zala zingapo, zosiyana mosiyana ndi mulomo ndi mtundu wake, nthumwi zina zimasowa mchira, nthumwi zina zamtunduwu zimadya njere ndi zakudya zam'mera, mphutsi zina ndi nyama.
Mitundu yayikulu ikhoza kuwonedwa ku chithunzi mbalame tambala . Amakhulupirira kuti oyimilira oyamba a izi adayatsidwa ku Asia, Africa ndi Europe chifukwa cha tambala. Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa, awagulitsa chakudya ku India subcontinent.
Zojambula tambala ndi malo okhalamo
Roosters amasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe awo owoneka bwino, maula ambiri, kutalika kwa mchira wawutali ndi nthenga zolozera pakhosi ndi kumbuyo. Pali ma spurs pamiyendo, ngati pa buti ya ng'ombe. Amuna achikulire amakhala ndi timinofu tating'ono totulutsa pakhungu m'mbali mwa mulomo ndi pakhosi, zotchuka kuti ndi zopweteka ngati ndevu.
Tambala tambala wokongola koma kulemera kokwanira, komwe gay wake ndi wolemera komanso wosakwiya. Mukuganiza kwathunthu kwa mawu itana tambala mbalame ndizovuta, chifukwa mapiko ake ndi afupiafupi, motero sichimawuluka ndi mtunda waufupi, kupitilira mpanda kapena tchire. Nthawi zambiri pangozi, mbalamezi zimakonda kuthamanga mwachangu.
Khwangwala amakhala ndi miyezi inayi. Roosters amaimba usiku kapena masana, koma osati nthawi zambiri. Izi zisanachitike, iwo amakhala m'matumba akutali kuti adziwe ngati abale awo akadali ndi moyo, adayitanitsa.
Mverani tambala akuimba
Kuimbira, tambala adamvetsera kuti mtsogoleri wa gulu linalo angayankhe kumapeto kwa mundawo. Kuchokera apa kumadzanso chikhumbo cha tambala kuti akhale pamwamba kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, pa mpanda. Kuthengo, anyaniwa amakhala kumapiri kuti ayang'ane ngati nyama yodya nyama ikuyandikira ndikuchenjeza gululo munthawi.
Lero roosters - nkhuku wonyozeka pankhani. Anthu amasunga thukuta makamaka ngati chakudya, kudya nyama ndi mazira.
Mbalame zambirimbiri zimaleredwa m'mafamu ogulitsa. Pafupifupi 74 peresenti ya nkhuku zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi 68% ya mazira amapangidwa motere. Anthu ena amapeza chikhalidwe cha zosangalatsa izi komanso zophunzitsira, kotero pali ena omwe amazisunga ngati ziweto.
Amatha kutchinjiriza, ngakhale thukuta limatha kukhala lamtopola komanso laphokoso. Mkangano umathetsedwa ndi maphunziro oyenera komanso maphunziro. Mitundu ina yokhala ndizu imalimbikitsa kuti izikhala ndi ana olumala.
Khalidwe la tambala komanso moyo wawo
Tambala - mbalame ochita zachipongwe ndipo akukhala ndi akazi ambiri. Kuchotsa nkhuku kapena chisa kuchokera ku gulu kumayambitsa chisokonezo munyengo yamtunduwu.
Tambala wabwino kwambiri ndi wamphamvu, wamphamvu komanso wamphamvu kwambiri pakuyenda konse. Amatha kutsogola pakati pa akazi asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Ngati pali amuna ena a cholembera, pamakhala kulimbana kosalekeza ndikulimbana kwa akazi.
Pambuyo pomenya nkhondo zoterezi, zilonda zong'ambika ndi zilonda za mulomo zimangokhala pamizu, koma popanda zotsatira zakupha, akumva kudzikweza kwa winayo wamwamuna, akuwabweza. "Achinyamata olimbana" okhazikitsidwa ndi munthu chifukwa chaichi ndi omwe angamenyane mpaka wotsutsanayo ataphedwa.
Kuzungulira kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira komanso kuyambira kwa nyengo yachisanu, maluwa okhala ndi tulo, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala milungu 6 kapena miyezi iwiri. Amagona mwendo umodzi, ndikugwira wina pansi pawo ndikubisala mitu yawo pansi pa phiko mbali yomweyo ya mwendo womwe udapendekera.
Tambala ndiye mbalame yabwino koposa okhudza chakudya. Ndizachilendo, zimatha mbewu, ngakhale zazing'ono kapena zazing'ono. Pofufuza chakudya, tambala amafunafuna pansi ndikameza mchenga ndi zigawo za miyala zomwe zimathandizira kugaya.
Mbalameyi imamwa, imatenga madzi pang'ono mkamwa mwake ndikuponya mutu wake, ndikumeza. Tambala akakapeza chakudya, amamuyitana nkhuku inayo kwinaku akumwetula ndikuchepetsa chakudya, ngati kuti ikuyang'anira.
Kubalana komanso chiyembekezo chokhala ndi tambala
Pofuna kuthamanga safuna tambala. Koma kwa ana amphaka popanda bambo sangachite. Thukuta la nkhuku wachikondi kwambiri. Amphongo amatha kuyendetsa ndi kupondaponda achikazi tsiku lonse, ngakhale sizikhala nthawi zonse kukhala opambana.
Kuti ayambe chibwenzi, tambala ena amatha kuvina mozungulira kapena kutseka, nthawi zambiri kuponyera mapiko omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi nkhuku. Kuvina kumapangitsa kuti mayiyo ayankhe, ndipo akayankha "zovuta" zake, tambala akhoza kuyamba kukhwima.
Mu nkhuku, fisi imakhala pamwamba pa anus, osati mkati ngati tetrapods. Pa umuna, tambala amaphatikiza nyama yake ndi yaikaziyo, ndikugwetsa mapiko ake ndikufalitsa mchira wake pang'ono. Kugona, kugwada miyendo kwinaku mutatenga tambala, kumakodola ndi kuyika mchira mbali.
Tambala amatenga chachikazi ndi chisa kapena kupendekera pamutu mwina kuti chikhala bwino kapena kuti chitagundika. Madzi am'mimba, omwe amakhala kutuluka kwa matumbo pomwe mavalidwe awiri amaphatikizika, amafika nkhuku, ndikuphatikiza mazira opsa. Zovuta zotere sizikhala motalika, koma nthawi zambiri.
Zigawo zili ndi malingaliro okalamba a amayi, ngati alibe mazira ake, amafufuza anthu osawadziwa kuti akhale nawo. Zigawo ndizodekha komanso zofunikira pokhudzana ndi anapiye omwe sanaswe.
Amaonetsetsa kuti mazira onse amawotha bwino komanso amawatembenuza. Nkhuku nthawi yakubzala imatha kukana kudya kapena kumwa, chifukwa chake ntchitoyi ikuwoneka yofunika kwambiri.
Roosters amakhala pakati pa zaka zisanu mpaka khumi, kutengera mtundu. Woimira wakale kwambiri wa mbalameyi anamwalira ali ndi zaka 16 chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mtima ndipo walembedwa mu Guinness Book of Record.
P Izi zasiya chizindikiritso chake m'malo ambiri auzimu, azikhalidwe komanso zakuthupi mdera lathu. Aristotle yekha, Leonardo da Vinci, Lomonosov ndi yemwe angayerekezedwe ndi iye pazokhudza kutalika kwa zokonda, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa sayansi ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Izi ndizachinyengo, kufananiza tambala ndi oganiza zazikulu, koma palibe chomwe chingachitike - simudzatsutsana ndi chowonadi.
Zinapezeka kuti gawo la tambala m'chipembedzo, mabuku, nthano, nthano, zochitika zankhondo komanso meteorology ndilabwino kwambiri kuti palibe amene angakwanitse kukhala wopanda tambala ngati munthu wowerengeka. Palibe chiweto china chomwe chingafanane ndi ichi, ngakhale onse amagwira ntchito yambiri mukukula kwa anthu.
Tambala: tambala ndi mbalame yapadera.
Ndi kale tambala, monga dzuwa, amawerengera nthawi. Kulira kwake pakati pa anthu onse kunali kofunikira nthawi - "roost roost", "yachiwiri, roost roost", "kale. roost. " Nthawi zonse, tambala anali mtundu wa "wotchi ya alamu". Adayitanitsa anthu kuti agwiritse ntchito kulira kwake, chifukwa anthu nthawi zonse amakhala molingana ndi "sundial", osati makina, - adadzuka kutuluka kwa dzuwa, ndipo anagona pansi dzuwa likalowa. Tambala adalimbikitsa anthu a maiko onse padziko lapansi ndi chitukuko kuchita ntchito zazikulu.
Kuukira kwa a Chitata-Mongols ku Russia nako kunayamba ndi kulira kwa tambala. Mtsogoleri wa a Genghis Khan Sabudai-richur adalamula gulu lankhondo kuti: "M'mawa, ndikulira koyamba kwa tambala, amangidwe m'chigwa pakati pa mapiri. Ndisunthira ku Uruses ”(V.G. Yan" Baty "). Pama kampeni, Sabudai nthawi zonse ankayenda ndi tambala, kenako wowasamalira mwapadera, ndikumayang'ana wotchi yake yakubadwa ndi kulira kwake. Ngakhale A.V.Suvorov adagwiritsa ntchito tambala ngati wotchi ya alamu. Malinga ndi anthu amakono, mkuluyu nthawi zambiri ankapita ndi tambala kukachita kampeni. Kulira koyamba kudakweza gulu lankhondo kuti liziyenda molawirira.
N Diso ndi nthawi yakukondwerera, kupangana kwa mfiti ndi machitidwe a mizimu yoyipa. Kulira kachitatu kwa tambala ndiye chizindikiro chakuchotsa manyazi. Ndi kulira kwake adabalalitsa izi zoyipa zonse, ndikulengeza kuyambika kwa tsikulo, ndipo ndi izi kupambana kwa zabwino pa zoyipa (N.V. Gogol "Viy", M.A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita").M'miyambo yambiri yachipembedzo - kuyambira opembedza moto kupita kuzipembedzo zamakono - tambala amafuula usiku ndi mizimu yoyipa ndikulira kwake.
Tambala amatchulidwanso kuti mthenga wa dzuwa. M'mitundu yambiri, amalumikizana ndi milungu yayikulu kwambiri. Mu Egypt yakale, mbalamezi zimasungidwa mu akachisi operekedwa kwa Dzuwa, kuziwerengera ngati zolengedwa zauzimu. Mwa Ayuda akale, tambala anali chizindikiro cha "alonda achitatu a usiku" (kuyambira pakati pausiku mpaka m'bandakucha).
Mu China tambala amalemekezedwa ndikulemekezedwa.
M'masiku akale, achi China nthawi zambiri ankapaka kapena kujambula chithunzi cha tambala pakhomo la nyumbayo pomachita chikondwerero cha Chaka Chatsopano. Mwambo uwu wasungidwa munthawi yathu pokhapokha kumidzi ya m'chigawo cha Shaanxi, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China.
Kale, achi China adawona tambala kukhala chizindikiro cha dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, chithunzi cha tambala pakhomo pakhomo chimafotokoza kubadwa kwa dzuwa kulowa mnyumbayo. Izi zinaonetsa chiyembekezo chofika kumapeto kwa masika. Amakhulupiriranso kuti tambala amatha kuteteza ku zotsatira zoyipa za mizimu yoyipa.
Amakhulupilira kuti pali kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa dzuwa ndi tambala, chifukwa anali woyamba kulengeza kubadwa ndi kuyamba kwa tsiku latsopano. Ndipo popeza ku China Chaka Chatsopano chikuwoneka ngati "yuandan" (mbandakucha wa chaka), mwachiwonekere kuti Rooster Yakumwamba yokha ndi yomwe ikadzatulukira dzuwa loyamba la Chaka Chatsopano.
"Golden Rooster" - mphotho ya dziko la People's Republic of China kuchita bwino mu sinema. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mphotho ya filimuyi idakhazikitsidwa mu 1981 (chaka cha Rooster).
P ndi kulira kwake, adasiya chizindikiro m'chipembedzo Chachikhristu - "tambala sadzakhala ndi nthawi yofuula komaliza, pomwe Peter adakana Khristu katatu." Zikuoneka kuti izi zikuchitika chifukwa choti ndi tambala yemwe adasandulika chizindikiro cha Mtumwi Peter, kenako Tchalitchi cha Katolika. Kuyambira zaka za zana la 9, molingana ndi lamulo la papa waku Roma, cholembera pampingo uliwonse wa tchalitchi chidayenera kupatsidwa kolona ndi chifanizo cha mbalameyi - choyimira cha mtumwi Peter. Malingana ndi mtundu wina, tambala pa sipenga ya tchalitchi lidatikumbutsa kuti "mpingo wa Mulungu umayang'anira mizimu ya okhulupilira."
Muchipembedzo chachikristu, roost adapatsidwa nthawi yotsiriza ya dziko lapansi. Mapeto a dziko adzafika pamene tambala sakuwafuula mokhalitsa kumtsinje wake. Zikuwoneka kuti uwu ndi mawu othamanga. Chingachitike ndi chiani ngati amaiwala kuchita izi kapena ayamba kukhala zovulaza, kapena zoipitsitsa - kodi genetics isokoneza kanthu?
Chithunzi cha tambala wolondera chidayikidwa padenga la nyumba, matanda, zomata, zowongolera nyengo ...
F Luger - chimodzi mwazida zakale kwambiri zanyengo - chitsogozo cholowera mphepo chinali chokongoletsedwa nthawi zambiri ndi chithunzi tambala. Chizungu, imakhalanso ndi dzina loti "tambala wa nyengo" (nyengo ya tambala). Ivo nyengo, mwa zina, ndi chisonyezo cha chikhalidwe chamunthu chomwe chimasintha malingaliro ndi zisankho zake malingana ndi "kuwongolera mphepo" (A.P. Chekhov "Chameleon").
Ndi ligature ndi m'bandakucha limawonekera mu dzina lake. Ngati mawu achi Russia "tambala" amachokera ku verebu "imba", ndiye kuti aborigine aku Australia amatcha tambala "mbalame ikuseka mbandakucha." Ndipo dzina lachifalansa la mbalame "chanteclair" limatanthauzira kuti "kuyimba kucha." Chifukwa chake tambala adasiya zojambulajambula.
O zikuwoneka kuti nyumba zam'madera zosiyanasiyana 'zimalira' m'chinenerochi. Osachepera ndizomwe timaganiza. Mwachitsanzo, tambala wathu akufuula "Ku-ka-re-ku", ku France - "ko-ko-ri-ko", Japan - "koke-kok-ko", Chingerezi - "kok-e-doodle-do" . Mwachitsanzo, a Bulgari, atsimikiza kuti tambala awo akufuula "ku-ku-ri-chu", aku Germany - "ki-ke-ri-ki", anthu aku Italiya - "chi-ki-richi". Ma cockerel aku China amatuluka mosiyana ndi kulira kwa tambala - "vo-in."
Izi zidadzetsa kuti m'maiko ambiri okonda kuimba kwa cockerel adawonekera. Alimi a nkhuku ku Greece, Germany, Albania, ndi Russia anali ndi chidwi ndi luso la "nyimbo" lanyumba. Mpikisano umachitika m'magulu angapo - mawu, kuchuluka kwa anthu pa ola limodzi, komanso, nyimbo. Mwachitsanzo, ku Germany, wopambana pa mpikisano wina adafuula nthawi zoposa 90 mu ola limodzi.
M'dziko lathu, oimba abwino adaletseka: nkhuku za Yurlov, zomwe anthu amakamba: "Makumi khumi akhoza kuyerekezedwa ndi zala zanu pomwe tambala a Yurlov akuimba." M'masiku amenewo, panalibe choletsa, motero nthawi yoimba inkayeza ndi zala. Izi sizinali zocheperapo ngakhale pang'ono kwa ochita zakunja.
Kupembedza kwamizu kunapangitsa kuti ku Japan zaka 300 zapitazo Yokagama hens (kapena phoenix) idalimidwe, yomwe mchira wake umafikira 7 metres kapena kupitilira apo. Kuphatikiza apo, nthenga zazitali zimakhala zambiri.
X kummawa ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa mtundu uwu. Okonda ena amasunga tambala awa m'makabati apadera agalasi, ndipo mchirawo, utakulungidwa ndi mikoko, umapachikidwa mbedza yapadera. Kuti mbalame zisamayende pang'ono komanso kuti isaswe mchira wake, chakudya ndi madzi zinaikidwa mbali zonse ziwiri za khondalo. Tsiku ndi tsiku, tambala adachotsedwa kangapo pamtengo ndikuyamba kuyenda, pomwe mchira umavulazidwa pa spinner yapadera kapena umanyamulidwa ndi munthu. Ingoganizirani kuti tambala amayenda pabwalo, kenako munthu akutsatira, ngati sitima yonyamula mchira wake.
N Kunyada kwakukulu kwa roosters kumawonedwa ngati chisa. Asayansi anayesapo. Tambala wa "mkatikati" adalumikizidwa ndi kiyuni wamkulu wofiyira. Izi zisanachitike, aliyense yemwe akanakhoza kumumenya ndi kuponderezana, koma apa, zodabwitsa zidachitika. Aliyense, ngakhale atambala akulu kwambiri, adayamba kukondera mtsogoleri yemwe anali atangoyamba kumene kupanga. Poyamba, sanamvetsetse momwe adasinthira, adawasiyira kutali mpaka adazindikira tanthauzo la zomwe zidachitikazo. Tambala wa scallop-scallop adalowa mwaukali, adayamba kuvutitsa aliyense, ngakhale kwa tambala wamkulu. Izi zidapitilira mpaka mutuwo utagwa pamutu pake. Ndipo kenako adachipeza!
Mbalame zimasinthana chidziwitso wina ndi mnzake, osati kokha ndi kufuula, komanso ndi kupendekeka kwa mutu, kusintha kwa mapiko, mchira. Chifukwa chake, kudula mapiko a mbalameyo, timawalepheretsa kulumikizana wina ndi mnzake. Ndipo kulumikizana nokha ngati nthawi zonse kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa thanzi. Roosters amachita chidwi ndi njirayi.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za roosters ndi pugnacity. Mu tambala wamba wamkulu (zaka 5-6), kutalika kwa spurs kumafika masentimita 6 kapena kuposerapo.
Mu Zotsatira zake, kulimbana kwa nkhuku, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati agwedwe, zidaweta. Amakhala ndi thupi loyambirira: thupi lokhala ndi miyendo yayitali kutsogolo, khosi lolimba ndi mutu wawung'ono wopanda chisa ndi miyendo yayitali yokhala ndi ma spurs. Adzuwa oterewa amafanana ndi mbalame zodya nyama kuposa munthu wokongola. Nthawi zina, amatha kuthana ndi phokoso.
Mu Kwa nthawi yayitali, ma cockfights anali gawo la "maphunziro" a wankhondo wachinyamata. M'masiku akale, asitikali achi Greek, akuwonera nkhondo yankhondo, adalimbikira kulimba mtima, kupirira komanso kupirira. Ku Roma wakale, zaka zopitilira 2,000 zapitazo, nyenyezi za tambala zimatchuka kwambiri. Kulimba mtima ndi kusangalala ndi zomwe tambala amalimbana nazo zinakhazikitsidwa ngati zitsanzo kwa achichepere ankhondo.
Roosters sanangolimbikitsa mzimu wankhondo. Zotsatira za nkhondoyi zidatsimikizika ndi machitidwe awo. Panali malo ophunzirira ankhondo m'gulu lankhondo, omwe amapatsidwa njere nkhondo isanachitike: ngati mbalame zijambulitsa ndi chidwi, asirikaliwo amapita chamtsogolo, koma ngati sichoncho, oyang'anira sanayembekezere chilichonse chabwino kuchokera kunkhondo.
Asitikali a Julius Caesar m'zaka za zana la 1 AD, pamitu yawo, adabweretsa nkhuku kumpoto kwa Europe. Pakati pa mayiko ambiri, adayamba kutchuka ndipo adakhala chizindikiro cha kulimbana ndi agonjetsi. A Gauls olimba mtima, makolo a achifalansa, omwe nthawi zonse ankayambitsa mavuto kwa atsogoleri ankhondo achi Roma, adapeza dzina lawo kuchokera ku roosters ("gallus" mu Chilatini amatanthauza "tambala"). Aroma adapereka dzinali kwa Aselote chifukwa anali ndi tsitsi lofiira ndipo maresi awo ofiira owoneka ngati tambala. A Gauls adawona tambala ngati wolondolera wawo ndipo adayamika kwambiri mikhalidwe yolimbana ndi mbalameyi. Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1800, pazakobiri za ku French Republic panali chifanizo cha tambala womenyera nkhondo - chizindikiro cha Gauls wankhondo. Tsoka ilo, "euro "yo idayambitsa chizindikiro cha mzimu wamtundu wina wamayiko aku Europe.
Ma cockfights anali otchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu okhala ndi kutentha mdziko la Latin America - Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, Caribbean, ndi kumwera kwa United States. Nkhuku zodziwika kwambiri zapadziko lonse ku Texas zidaweta kuno. Ku Russia, agogo olimbana adziwika kuyambira zaka za zana la chisanu ndi zitatu. Masewera awa ku Russia amatchedwa "kusaka tambala".
D Pofuna kudziwa zambiri za ma cockfights, ndinapita ku webusayiti ya Bali ndipo ndinayang'anitsitsa zithunzi ndi makanema. Izi ndizowopsa!
Zapezeka kuti pali mafamu apadera pomwe nyumba zogona zimalekeka ndi kusungidwa m'nyumba zapadera, ophunzitsa amakonzekeretsa mbalame kuti azichita nawo mpikisano, masamba apadera amakhazikika pamawondo awo, omwe amagulitsidwa paliponse pazinthu zokongola - zida zowopsa!
Ndipo ndewu zambiri nthawi zambiri zimatha ndikumwalira kwa mmodzi wa omenyera.
Mu Mu 1906, ku All-Russian Congress of Poultry Breeders, pazifukwa zamakhalidwe ndi mwaulemu, ma cookf anali oletsedwa ku Russia.
Komabe, ndikumvera chisoni madokota, ngakhale ndizosangalatsa! Koma ndi banja labwino!
N Simungaganizire bwalo la mbalame popanda tambala. Tambala ndi mbuye wa bwalo. Iye, ndi m'bandakucha, ndiye woyamba kusiya nkhuku ndipo ndi "ko-ko-ko" wake amafulumira kuthamangitsa nkhukuzo. Amapeza mbewu ndikuyamba kuyitanitsa nkhuku. Kuphatikiza apo, tambala amakumbukira nthawi zonse ntchito yake ngati wopanga, osagwiritsa ntchito chidwi cha aliyense. Amatha "kutsekemera" mpaka nkhuku 30 patsiku, komabe, ntchito yovuta ngati imeneyi imabweretsa thanzi lake. Chifukwa chake, sayansi ya zootechnical idatsimikizira mtundu wa "harem" kwa iye - osapitirira 10 nkhuku.
China china ndichosangalatsa. Nkhuku zitatha kulumikizana komaliza ndi Cockerel zimatha kunyamula mazira kwa masiku khumi mpaka khumi ndi anayi. Komabe, pakubwera tambala tating'onoting'ono m'nyumba, kanjedza pankhaniyi limapitilira kwa wopanga watsopanoyo. Ndi thukuta, osati nkhuku, zomwe zimapereka kwa ana awo aakazi monga kupatula dzira, kutha msinkhu (i. Chiyambi cha kuvunda kwa chiberekero) komanso chibadwa chobadwa nacho. Chifukwa chake, tambala pamtengowu ndi wofunikira nkhuku yabwino.
Tambala amasangalatsa kuyang'ana. Samataya mtima. Ngakhale mukamamulanga chifukwa cha cholakwa chilichonse, amamusiya ngati wosazindikira. Ndipo ngakhale abwerere, amachita ndi ulemu, ngati ndi zomwe akufunika kuchita.
N Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti tambala satenga nawo mbali pomenya mazira ndi kulera nkhuku. Koma pali kusiyanasiyana kwa malamulowo. Pali nthano yomwe idayamba zaka masauzande zapitazo yomwe akuza kuti amadzalora amaloledwa kunyamula dzira (omwe amatchedwa knotweed) kamodzi pazaka zana (kupitilira apo, sizikudziwika ndi ndani). Amakhulupirira kuti ngati mfundoyi ikanyamula namwali wosakhwima pamakoma asanu ndi limodzi, ndiye kuti "besilisk" (kutanthauza "mfumu") adzayimilira, okonzeka kukwaniritsa lamulo lililonse la amayi ake omlera - kubwezera, kukondana nawo, kupeza chuma ndi zina zotero. Mwa njira, ngakhale kuti nthano iyi ndi zaka zambiri, koma pazifukwa zina palibe amene adawonapo Basilisk.
Nthano ya dzira loyipa idadziwika ponseponse kwanthawi yayitali, mpaka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000. Mu 1474, mlandu wotsutsana ndi tambala unachitikira ku Basel, yemwe amamuimba mlandu kuti adayikira dzira. Wowonongera milanduyo adadulidwa mwankhanza ndi Holy Inquisition. M'midzi ya Russia m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, mutu wapa basilisk unalinso wotchuka kwambiri. Ngakhale munthawi yathu ino, mutha kumva nkhani ya anthu okalamba za mizimu yoyipa yomwe imatchinga kumazira oundana - mazira osagwira ntchito.
Mwachilengedwe, palibe amene adawonapo izi, koma aliyense adamufotokozera, aliyense mwanjira yake. Ena amati basilisk ndi tambala wachikasu wokhala ndi nthenga zazikulu zokhala ndi mapiko m'mapiko ake. Ena ankati amayenda miyendo inayi, anali ndi thupi lamaso ndi mchira wa njoka, ndipo m'malo mwa nthenga anali ndi masikelo a nsomba.
P Slut, kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa, inali mbalame yam'malire ndipo idapatsidwa mphamvu zonse zakuthana ndi mizimu yoipa komanso ziwanda.M'miyambo ya anthu, amagwirizanitsa ndi moto, amateteza nyumbayo pamoto ndi mphezi, pomwe tambala wofiira amayimira moto womwewo. Pali mawu akuti: "lolani tambala wofiira." Malingana ndi malingaliro a makolo athu achikunja, moto ukayamba kuchokera mphezi, tambala wamoto akutsika kuchokera kumwamba, adakhala pomwe padenga la nyumbayo ndikuwotcha chilichonse kuzungulira.
Koma zikhulupiriro ndi miyambo zonsezi ndi fanizo la malingaliro a anthu ...
At moyang'anizana ndi mnansi wanga, banja la nkhuku limakhala m'khola lotseguka, mutu wa banja, tambala, Vasya, wakhala zaka zingapo. Nthawi ina chisanu chimayamba, ndipo alendo amabwera. Nyumba yankhuku - yopepuka, yozizira, mphepo zonse zimazilala. Ambuye adadzigwira - adathawira kunyumba. Anayang'ana m'khola la nkhuku, ndipo pamakhala cockerel, ndikutambasula mapiko ake, pansi paiwo banja lake lonse - nkhuku 11. Ndipo zidakwanira bwanji? Vasily yekha adavutika kwambiri - khungu lake linasanduka lamtambo ndikulendewera mbali imodzi, miyendo yake inali yopanda dzanja. Chifukwa chake banja lidamwalira ngati mbuye sanamlowetse kuchipinda. Nthawi yomweyo nkhukuzi zinagwera pambali pawo ndipo zinagona. Tambala wosauka uja anali wozizira kwambiri, koma anapulumutsa banjali. Anayenda kwa nthawi yayitali ndi scallop ya imvi, ngakhale, kenako adalumphanso, koma osachira - adangotsamira mbali imodzi. Ndipo mlendoyo akumudyetsa ndi tirigu wabwino kwambiri ndikuti: "Master!"
Ndipo momwe amaimbira “ku-ka-re-ku”!
H bamboyo akumva kulira kwa tambala pamtunda wa makilomita awiri. Mosiyana, mwachitsanzo, kubwereza komwe phokoso limatchulira nkhuku ku chakudya chomwe chapezeka, kulira kumachitika kamodzi, koma motalikirapo komanso pafupipafupi. Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwake, kuchuluka kwake ndi kuchuluka kwa izi, ndizomwe zimapangitsa. Tambala wamodzi ndi yemweyo amalira nthawi zonse chimodzimodzi: zopatuka sizidutsa theka la ton.
Khwangwala ndi mtundu wovuta kwa ana ena okhala ndi tulo, komwe amalira. Zowona, m'malo momwe omenyera ali rozi yemweyo. Ngati tambala, m'bwalo lomwelo alira mokweza, ndiye kuti wamkuluyo amangomukakamiza, osamulemekeza.
N Kodizu zofanana ndi zomwe mwapanga mnyumba ndizofanana motani, olekanitsidwa patali kwambiri ndipo osawonana?
Chifukwa chake, mothandizidwa ndi khwangwala, zotsatira zofunikira kwachilengedwe zimatheka - kulanda, kukulitsa ndi kuteteza mawebusayiti, ndipo pomalizira pake - kukhazikitsanso nyumbayo m'njira yopanda vuto, chifukwa nkhaniyi imangolephereka. Tambala akuchenjeza omenyerawo pasadakhale kuti malowo ndi otanganidwa ndipo ayenera kufunafuna malo aulere “padzuwa”. Pokhapokha ngati malo onse abwino ali ndi anthu ambiri, ndewu idzayamba. Pankhaniyi, wopambanayo - nyamayo imakhala yolimba osati thupi lokha, komanso mwamaganizidwe - idzakhala wolowa mmalo mwa mtunduwo, womwe, umapindulitsanso chitukuko cha mtunduwo, chifukwa cha kusinthika kwake kopita patsogolo.
Zonsezi pamwambapa zimagwira ndi mbalame zakuthengo. Koma chikhalidwe chomwechi chimasungidwa mu nkhuku zapakhomo, ngakhale chitayika kufunika kwachilengedwe: pambuyo pa zonse, munthu amapereka zosowa zonse za nyama zoweta ndikuwongolera kusintha kwa zolengedwa.
E Uwu ndi mwambo wachidwi kwambiri wolumikizana ndi tambala wotchuka. Pambuyo pa Kuuka kwa Khristu, msungwana wachiyuda adabwera kwa abambo ake nati adawona Mpulumutsi woukitsidwa. Myuda wakale uja, yemwe anali wanzeru, sanakhulupirire ndipo adamuyankha mwana wake wamkazi kuti adzaukitsidwa pamene tambala wokazinga atawuka ndikuyimba. Nthawi yomweyo, tambala wokazinga uja anaphwanya mate, kuwuluka ndikumakuwa.
Roosters amakonda kudutsa mitengo. Mbali yomwe amatembenuzira chifuwa, wina akhoza kuyembekeza mphepo. Kuwala kwachilala kumawonetsa nyengo yabwino, kuyimirira mwendo umodzi nthawi yachisanu ndi chisanu.
Ndi otsalira a kuwerengera nthawi sikungathandize koma kulabadira tambala. Malinga ndi kalendala yakale ya Kummawa, chaka chilichonse limalandira dzina la imodzi mwa nyama khumi ndi ziwiri. Pakati pawo pali tambala. Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zakale, amakhulupirira kuti tsogolo la munthu limadalira zaka zomwe anabadwa.Anthu omwe adabadwa mchaka cha tambala amadziwika ndi munthu wodekha komanso wakhalidwe. Ndiwosangalatsa, amvetsetsa momwe ena aliri, amatha kutsimikizira wolowererapo. Awa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi cholinga omwe nthawi zambiri samapatuka pachisankho. Amakwanitsa kupambana kwakukulu pakatikati. "Chaka chotsatira cha tambala" chidzakhala mchaka cha 2017, ndiye muyenera kudikira pang'ono.
Mu mopenekera, ngakhale anthu oyambilira adawona mu tambala akulengeza mokweza kubadwa kwa tsiku latsopano, mthenga wodabwitsa wamphamvu zauzimu, mulungu wa Dzuwa. Amadziwika kuti tambala tambiri anali kukhala ngati nyama zanyama zakale ku India (III. II milenia BC).
Zinali zoletsedwa kudya nyama ya tambala, koma nthawi yomweyo zinkaloledwa kusaka nkhuku zakutchire ndi kuzidya. Pambuyo pakale kwambiri ku Europe yakale, nyama yankhuku yowetedwa, kenako mazira adayamba kudyedwa.
Ndinaganiza zopanga uthengawu poyang'ana zojambula za wojambula Stephanie birdsall, zomwe zimawonetsera nyumba zokongola kwambiri!
Zochititsa chidwi zokhudzana ndi tchuthi ndi nkhuku 1.iye ndi agalu amakhala ndi nzeru zambiri. Kuganiza kuti ocheperako muubongo, ndikulimbikitsa cholengedwa. Ndipo nkhuku ndi mbalame zanzeru kwambiri. Amatha: kukumbukira nkhope (zoposa zana), kudziwa eni, kuyendetsa nthawi ya tsiku, kukumbukira nthawi yakudya, kuzindikira nyumba yawo ndi "abwenzi" awo. Ngati mutenga nkhuku pamwala wa nkhuku masiku angapo, ndikuibweza, ndiye kuti anthu amitundu adzaikumbukira ndi kuibweza. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti kukhazikika kwa nkhuku ndi luso la nkhuku ya tsiku limodzi ndi ofanana ndi kukhazikitsidwa komweko (chidwi!) Cha mwana wazaka zitatu. Vuto lina losangalatsa - nkhuku zonse zimatha kuwerengetsa masamu ndi kusiyanitsa pakati pa mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a geometric - izi ndizofunikira kuti azitha kudzilimbitsa. Chifukwa chake mawu akuti "ubongo wa nkhuku" mwina sangakhale owona. Ndipo mawu odziwika a Confucius: "Mkazi ali ndi malingaliro ngati nkhuku, ndipo mkazi wanzeru ngati nkhuku ziwiri" amatanthauzira kawiri. 2. Makoko amatha kulumikizana. Zikuwoneka ngati zofanana kwa ife, ndichifukwa chake adasiyanitsa magulu awiri okha: akhwangwala - pakati pajuchi, galu - pakati pa nkhuku, chabwino, nkhuku zimafinya, koma izi sizingawerenge. M'malo mwake, mawu awa ali ndi zosankha zoposa 30. Mbalame zimauzana kuti zapeza chakudya, zayikira dzira, kuchenjeza za nyengo yakukula kapena ngozi. 3. Nkhuku zikusintha momwe zimakhalira: Joe Edgra, wasayansi wa mbalame ku UK, watsimikizira kuti nkhuku zimakhala ndi malingaliro komanso kutha kuziwonetsa. Amatha kukhala achisoni kutali ndi kwawo, kuwonetsa chisoni kapena, mosiyana, sakonda munthu ndipo, modabwitsa, amatha kumvera chisoni. 4. Roosters sakaneneratu nyengo kuti inali yoyipa kuposa momwe olosera zam'masiku athu ano makolo athu amakhulupirira kuti ndi kulira kwawo tambala amalosera nyengo. Lanyamuka dzuwa litalowa - dikirani kuti nyengo isinthe, pambuyo pa 9 koloko madzulo - kuvumba, ndipo ngati patatha 10 koloko madzulo - zidzakhala zowonekera. 5. Anapiye amakonda kupanga phokoso. Ponena za chikondi, nkhuku zokhala ndi tsekwe kwa atsekwe sizipikisana. Palibe chodabwitsa kuti atsekwe omwe amawoneka ngati mbalame zabwino kwambiri. Koma nkhuku siziri kutali kwenikweni ndi iwo. Choyamba, chifukwa pali zifukwa zambiri zaphokoso: - Patsani! Mwiniwake / alendo adalowa mgawo la nkhuku! - Si mwiniwake kapena wabodza yemwe adalowa mgulidwe wa nkhuku! Zowopsa! - Ndikufuna kuyikira dzira! Osandisokoneza! - Zachitika, kuyikira dzira! - Pali chakudya! Zakudya zambiri! Zonse apa! - Ndani adatenganso chisa changa?! "Chifukwa chiyani galu wabwera kuno?" Mphaka? Eya, nthawi zina zambiri mumkhaka wa nkhuku. Chifukwa chachiwiri chomwe chimakhalira kulira kuti nkhuku zimakonda anthu. Nkhuku imodzi ikakwiya, imapatsidwira wina aliyense, kenako kwa mwini nyumbayo. Kukhala chete pamtunda wa nkhuku ndi nthawi yolingalira ngati zonse zili mogwirizana ndi mbalame. 6. Nkhuku - okonda kukumba Ichi ndiye chowonadi. Ana achimuna amakonda kukumba. Chifukwa chake muyenera kusamala kuti musataye mbewu.Mbalame zimatsogolera chibadwa. Pomumvera, amayamba kukumba chilichonse (ngakhale atakhala bedi la sitiroberi, mbatata kapenanso bedi lamaluwa) pofunafuna zinthu zosangalatsa. 7. Tambala - mutu wa kuphako nkhuku: M'malo mophika nkhuku, pamakhala utsogoleri wina, ndipo kholo limalamulira pamenepo. Parade imalamulidwa ndi tambala. M'mawa amadzuka nkhuku (osati zokhazo), akulengeza kukacheza usiku, amapeza ndikuwonetsa chakudya, amateteza ku adani ena okhala pamalopo (mwachitsanzo, kuyambira agalu a pabwalo) ngakhale kuthetsa mikangano pakati pa nkhuku. 8. Nkhuku zapadziko lonse lapansi ndizochulukirapo katatu kuposa anthu Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwaposachedwa, zinali zotheka kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa nkhuku ndichulukenso katatu kuchuluka kwa anthu padziko lapansi pano. Ndiye kuti, munthu aliyense payekha nkhuku 3-4. Ndiye kuti, ngati lero, malinga ndi ziwonetsero, boma pafupifupi anthu 7.4 biliyoni akukhala padziko lathuli, ndiye kuti payenera kukhala nkhuku ndi amuna pafupifupi 22 biliyoni. Ndikosavuta kulingalira zokongola zingapo izi. 9. Amayi omwe ali ndi utoto wokhala ndi zokonda zawo posankha oyenda pamagalimoto. Inde, nkhuku ndizosankha posankha "bwenzi lokhala ndi moyo", ndipo siziyambitsa mabukhu ndi aliyense. Ndipo izi zimatsimikiziranso kuti nzeru zimapangidwadi kwambiri mu mbalame. Kupatula apo, ngakhale anthu nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa posankha okwatirana nawo m'moyo. Koma, nkhuku ndizodziwa bwino ma sevalo kuposa azimayi. Kuchokera pagulu lonse, nkhuku zimakonda "kuyambitsa ubale" ndi abambo a alpha. Amawazindikira ndi kulemera, thupi, mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ndi makulidwe amtundu, mawu. Wosalimba, wosakhoza kudzisamalira okha amuna, ali ndi chidwi chochepa, ndipo kwambiri - nthawi zina amuna ofooka ngati amenewa amakumana ndi mkwiyo wokhala ndi azimayi okhala ndi tsitsi. 10. Tambala amatchuka tambala. Kuyambira nthano za ubwana tonsefe timakumbukira kuti tambala ndi nkhuku zimayimiridwa m'njira zosavuta, popanda chinyengo. Koma, zoona, mtundu uwu wa zolengedwa zapakhomo umatha kubera komanso kunyenga. Kwa zaka zopitilira khumi, asayansi akhala akuphunzira za momwe zimagwirira ntchito pa nkhuku, ndipo mpaka pano sizimamvetsetsa kwenikweni za ubale wa nyama izi. Koma, zidziwitso zina zidakhalabe zotheka. Aliyense amadziwa kuti tambala wamkulu amakokedwa mu banja la nkhuku - amakhalanso mtsogoleri ndi mutu. Amuna ena onse omwe alibe machitidwe a utsogoleri, amuna a alpha saloledwa kukhala okongola komanso odabwitsa. Koma, amuna oterowo anapeza njira yopulumukira. Pofuna kuti asasiyidwe popanda chidwi ndi azimayi omwe ali ndi tsitsi, komanso nthawi yomweyo kuti asayang'ane mkwiyo wa mtsogoleri, amakola nkhuku ndi zizindikiro, kuyesera kuchita izi mosazindikira kuchokera pachinthu chachikulu. 11. Roosters ndi olimba mtima kuposa ena oimira nyama. Palibe chinsinsi kuti nthawi zambiri nyumba zamaluwa zimakonda kukhala zankhanza komanso zankhanza. Khalidwe labwino lotere ndilofunika kuti mbalamezi ziziteteza banja lawo ku zomwe zingawopseze. Chizolowezi cha kuchita zankhanza ndi pugnacity ndiimodzi mwazinthu zamomwe zimakhalira ndi moyo wopulumuka, chifukwa chake, machitidwe otere sangatengedwe ngati chinthu chosasangalatsa. Luso lotere ndilofala kwa mbalame zambiri. Koma, ndi amuna omwe amadziwika kuti ndiwotsimikiza kwambiri. Popanda mantha, amatha kudziteteza molimba mtima kwa adani omwe amawonjezera mphamvu, kukula ndi kulemera. M'malo momwe mbalame zina zimathawira ndikuuluka, anyani samasiya zoyesayesa zawo ndipo molimba mtima adzitchinjiriza, kumenya nkhondo kufikira kupambana.
Kodi tambala ndi chiyani?
Tambala ndi mbalame yolimba. Aliyense amadziwa izi. Akadakhala kuti kulibe, nkhuku sizikadakhala zotuluka, ndipo anthu sakanakondwera ndi nyama kapena miyendo yophika pa grill. Anthu ena amadabwa ngati tambala ndi nyama kapena ndi mbalame. Mwambiri, mawu ngati amenewo si olondola. Nyama imatha kutchedwa chamoyo chilichonse chomwe chimakhala ndi zizindikiro izi:
- Amadyanso mbewu ndi nyama zina. Inde, pali mitundu ina ya mbewu yomwe imadya tizilombo, koma izi ndizochulukirapo.
- Kuperewera kwa fiber.
- Kukula mpaka malire.
Kodi tambala ndi chiyani?
Chabwino, komanso kusiyana kofunikira kwambiri pakati pa zinyama ndi zinthu zina ndi kuthekera kokuyenda mozungulira dziko lapansi. Tambala amagwera pansi pa zizindikiro zonsezi, ngati mbalame ina iliyonse.
Kodi tambala amaoneka bwanji? Maonekedwe amatha kusiyanasiyana: khalani ndi zala zingapo, mtundu, mawonekedwe a mulomo, kukula kwa scallop. Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana amitundu yosiyanasiyana amakhalanso osiyana. Zomera zina, ena amadya mphutsi ndi nyama.
Maonekedwe aimuna amafotokozedwa bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi nkhuku. Zoyambazo zimadziwika ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri, maula okongola kwambiri, komanso mchira wautali wokongola. Komanso tambala amatha kuzindikiridwa ndi nthenga zolozera pakhosi ndi kumbuyo. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amamufanizira ndi mabobo a ng'ombe chifukwa cha nsapato zokhala ndi ma spurs. Akuluakulu amakhala ndi chisa komanso mtundu wa "ndevu".
Mbalame zoyambirira adaziwongolera agulugufe ku Asia, Europe ndi Africa. Monga chakudya, adayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku India. Ndidayenda nawo kalekale, zaka 5,000 zapitazo. Ndiye sanali tambala mwamtundu womwe adazolowera kuwona. Iyo inali nkhuku yakuthengo yaku India. Pokhala ndi nyama izi ndi otchuka okha. Ma cockfights anali otchuka mosangalatsa m'maiko osiyanasiyana akale: India, China, Persia, Babeloni, Greece.
Makamaka motsutsana ndi maziko wamba, Mitundu ya Chingerezi ya nkhuku ndipo, motero, roosters zimadziwika. Izi makamaka ndi mtundu wolimbana chifukwa chaukali wake.
Nyama, Shamanism ndi Zipembedzo za Fuko
Ku Southeast Asia, Mexico, ndi kumpoto kwa Philippines, anthu ambiri omwe amachita Chikhristu amapembedza mizimu ya makolo (anito). Zikhulupiriro za mizimuzi zimafikira ku tambala wamba komanso omenyera nkhondo: "njira yotchuka yopembedzera kuti anthu onse okhala kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia", malinga ndi anthu ena, malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha Yudeo-Chikristu, tsopano ndi mtundu wa Baali.
Maonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Roosters amasiyana ndi kuyala nkhuku maonekedwe owoneka bwino, maula ambiri, mchira wautali womasuka ndi nthenga zolozera pakhosi ndi kumbuyo. Pali ma spurs pamiyendo, ngati pa buti ya ng'ombe. Amuna achikulire amakhala ndi timinofu tating'ono totulutsa pakhungu m'mbali mwa mulomo ndi pakhosi, zotchuka kuti ndi zopweteka ngati ndevu.
Tambala tambala wokongolakoma kulemera kokwanira, komwe gay wake ndi wolemera komanso wosakwiya. Komabe, m'lingaliro lathunthu la mawu, nkovuta kutcha tambala mbalame, chifukwa mapiko ake ndi ofupikirako, motero samawuluka komanso pamtunda wawung'ono, wokwera kudzera pa mpanda kapena tchire. Nthawi zambiri pangozi, mbalamezi zimakonda kuthamanga mwachangu.
Khwangwala amakhala ndi miyezi inayi. Roosters amaimba usiku kapena masana, koma osati nthawi zambiri. Asanakhaleko ndi thukuta, nyumba zanyumba zimakhala m'matumba akutali kuti adziwe ngati abale awo akadalipo.
Mverani tambala akuimba
Kuimbira, tambala adamvetsera kuti mtsogoleri wa gulu linalo angayankhe kumapeto kwa mundawo. Kuchokera apa kumadzanso chikhumbo cha tambala kuti akhale pamwamba kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, pa mpanda. Kuthengo, anyaniwa amakhala kumapiri kuti ayang'ane ngati nyama yodya nyama ikuyandikira ndikuchenjeza gululo munthawi.
Lero roosters - nkhukuwonyozeka pankhani. Anthu amasunga thukuta ndi nkhuku makamaka ngati chakudya, kudya nyama ndi mazira.
Mbalame zambirimbiri zimaleredwa m'mafamu ogulitsa. Pafupifupi 74 peresenti ya nkhuku zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi 68% ya mazira amapangidwa motere. Anthu ena amapezeka kuti zosangalatsa za tambala ndizosangalatsa komanso zophunzitsa, motero pali ena omwe amasunga ngati ziweto.
Nkhuku zimatha kutetezedwa, ngakhale thukuta limatha kukhala lamtopola komanso laphokoso. Mkangano umathetsedwa ndi maphunziro oyenera komanso maphunziro. Mitundu ina yokhala ndizu imalimbikitsa kuti izikhala ndi ana olumala.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Tambala - mbalame gulu la akazi ndi kukhala ndi moyo kuwongolera akazi ena.Kuchotsa nkhuku kapena tambala kuchokera ku zomwe zimayambitsa chisokonezo pamagulu amtunduwu.
Tambala wabwino kwambiri ndi wamphamvu, wamphamvu komanso wamphamvu kwambiri pakuyenda konse. Amatha kutsogola pakati pa akazi asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Ngati pali amuna ena a cholembera, pamakhala kulimbana kosalekeza ndikulimbana kwa akazi.
Agalu awiri pagulu limodzi samapeza chilankhulo wamba, nthawi zambiri amuna amamenya
Pambuyo pomenya nkhondo zoterezi, zilonda zong'ambika ndi zilonda za mulomo zimangokhala pamizu, koma popanda zotsatira zakupha, akumva kudzikweza kwa winayo wamwamuna, akuwabweza. "Achinyamata olimbana" okhazikitsidwa ndi munthu chifukwa chaichi ndi omwe angamenyane mpaka wotsutsanayo ataphedwa.
Kuzungulira kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira komanso kuyambira kwa nyengo yachisanu, maluwa okhala ndi tulo, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala milungu 6 kapena miyezi iwiri. Mbalame zimagona, mwendo umodzi ukugwira wina pansi pawo ndikubisala mitu yawo pansi pa phiko mbali yomweyo ya mwendo womwe udapinda.
Kudyetsa tambala
Tambala ndiye mbalame yabwino koposa okhudza chakudya. Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso, kudya mbewu, tizilombo, komanso abuluzi, njoka zazing'ono kapena mbewa zazing'ono. Pofufuza chakudya, tambala amafunafuna pansi ndikameza mchenga ndi zigawo za miyala zomwe zimathandizira kugaya.
Mbalameyi imamwa, imatenga madzi pang'ono mkamwa mwake ndikuponya mutu wake, ndikumeza. Tambala akakapeza chakudya, amamuyitana nkhuku inayo kwinaku akumwetula ndikuchepetsa chakudya, ngati kuti ikuyang'anira.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Kuti nkhuku zizithamanga, sizifunikira tambala. Koma kwa ana amphaka popanda bambo sangachite. Thukuta la nkhuku wachikondi kwambiri. Amphongo amatha kuyendetsa ndi kupondaponda achikazi tsiku lonse, ngakhale sizikhala nthawi zonse kukhala opambana.
Kuti ayambe chibwenzi, tambala ena amatha kuvina mozungulira kapena pafupi ndi nkhuku, nthawi zambiri amagwetsa phiko lomwe lili pafupi kwambiri ndi nkhuku. Kuvina kumapangitsa kuti mayiyo ayankhe, ndipo akayankha "zovuta" zake, tambala akhoza kuyamba kukhwima.
Mu nkhuku, fisi imakhala pamwamba pa anus, osati mkati ngati tetrapods. Pa umuna, tambala amaphatikiza nyama yake ndi yaikaziyo, ndikugwetsa mapiko ake ndikufalitsa mchira wake pang'ono. Kugona, kugwada miyendo kwinaku mutatenga tambala, kumakodola ndi kuyika mchira mbali.
Tambala amatenga chachikazi ndi chisa kapena kupendekera pamutu mwina kuti chikhala bwino kapena kuti chitagundika. Madzi am'mimba, omwe amakhala kutuluka kwa matumbo pomwe mavalidwe awiri amaphatikizika, amafika nkhuku, ndikuphatikiza mazira opsa. Zovuta zotere sizikhala motalika, koma nthawi zambiri.
Zigawo zili ndi malingaliro okalamba a amayi, ngati alibe mazira ake, amafufuza anthu osawadziwa kuti akhale nawo. Zigawo ndizodekha komanso zofunikira pokhudzana ndi anapiye omwe sanaswe.
Amaonetsetsa kuti mazira onse amawotha bwino komanso amawatembenuza. Nkhuku nthawi yakubzala imatha kukana kudya kapena kumwa, chifukwa chake ntchitoyi ikuwoneka yofunika kwambiri.
Onse tambala timabadwa tomwe timakhala tambiri
Roosters amakhala pakati pa zaka zisanu mpaka khumi, kutengera mtundu. Woimira wakale kwambiri wa mbalameyi anamwalira ali ndi zaka 16 chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mtima ndipo walembedwa mu Guinness Book of Record.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Golide Wankhonya
Roosters mbalame mbalame. Monga nkhuku zambiri, mumtengomo mumakhala tambala wamkulu m'modzi, yemwe ali ndi ufulu wokwatirana ndi akazi onse, komanso tambala tambiri tating'ono. Roost achikulire amathamangitsidwa mumpingowu ndi mtsogoleri. Ngati eni phukusi samadzala okha, ndiye kuti anthu ofooka nthawi zonse amapanikizika ndi mtsogoleri.
Tambala amayang'anira nkhuku zingapo. Amawafunira chakudya, amagawana nyama mwachisawawa, akulengeza zomwe zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku - nkhuku zonsezo zimagona kapena kukagona. Roosters samasiyana pamtundu wodandaula - ndi mbalame zaukali komanso zamoyo, ndichifukwa chake adayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomenya nkhondo ya mbalame.
Chochititsa chidwi: Okonza zimbudzi zolimbana nthawi zonse amamenyana mpaka kufa.
Kwa bambo, roost amakhala osasamala kapena ankhanza. Mbalamezi sizimawonetsa chikondi kapena chidwi ndi anthu. Nthawi zambiri, amafunsa kuti awonetse ulamuliro wawo poyendetsa mlendo m'gawo lawo.
Roosters ndi gulu la nkhuku zawo mbalame zam'mlengalenga. Sangasinthidwe chifukwa chosamuka, chifukwa chake amakonda kukhala malo amodzi, pomwe amawadyetsa. Roosters amasuntha pambuyo chakudya chatsopano. Masamba omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali amakhala otentha nkhuku.
Roosters kwambiri thermophilic. Amazizira kwambiri kuzizira, chifukwa alibe njira zodzitetezera kuti asagwire chimfine, mosiyana ndi mbalame zina, monga magawo, njiwa kapena akhwangwala.
Komanso, tambala timakonda kusungunuka, komwe kumachitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira - nyengo yachisanu. Nthenga zawo zam'mwamba zanthete zimagwera, pomwe masamba nthenga zatsopano zimamera nyengo yotsatira yotentha. Roosters amagona, kubisala mitu yawo pansi pa mapiko ndikuyimirira mwendo umodzi.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: White Rooster
Nkhuku zimayikira mazira ngati ali ndi tambala kapena ayi. Tambala amafunikira kuti nkhuku ziziwoneka kuchokera mazira. Roosters amateteza nkhuku zawo mwachangu ndipo amatha kuwazunza tsiku lililonse, motero mbalamezi zilibe nyengo yodziwika yobala.
Roosters, makamaka achichepere, ali ndi mphindi yokhala pachibwenzi. Roosters amatambasula mapiko awo, kutulutsa mchira wawo ndikuyamba kuvina mozungulira nkhuku yomwe amakonda. Nthawi zina amatha kuchepetsa phiko. Pakhoza kukhala ma tambala angapo ovina, koma pamapeto mtsogoleri yekha ndiye angapeze woyenera kukwatira.
Mtsogoleri salola kuti ana ena akhale thukuta kuti agwirizane ndi nkhuku zake. Amalimbana nawo, ndipo ndewu izi nthawi zambiri zimatsogolera ku ndulu zang'ambika ndi milomo yosweka. Imfa zimachitikanso pafupipafupi, chifukwa kunkhondo tambala amagwiritsanso ntchito miyendo yakuthwa.
Pakukhwima, tambala amagwira nkhuku ndi chisa kapena nthenga pakhosi kuti ikhale yolimba. Patsiku amatha kuthamanga mpaka magawo khumi, ndipo tsiku lotsatira - kukwatirana ndi nkhuku zomwezi.
Chochititsa chidwi: Tambala wakale kwambiri adalembedwa mu Guinness Book of Record - adakhala zaka 16 ndipo anamwalira chifukwa cha matenda amtima.
Roosters samakhala ndi moyo ukalamba - nthawi zambiri amadyedwa ndi nyama. Amphongo ang'onoang'ono omwe amaswa mazira nawonso samakhala ndi moyo, popeza gulu limatha kukhala ndi tambala m'modzi ndi wamkulu. Rooster ndi abambo oyipa chifukwa samakondera ana. Ponseponse, roosters amakhala zaka zisanu mpaka khumi - kutengera mtundu wa mbalame.
Adani achilengedwe a tambala
Chithunzi: Kodi tambala akuwoneka bwanji?
Rozu sakhala kuthengo, chifukwa alibe adani achilengedwe. Ngakhale tambala wamba omwe sanasankhe sakanakhala m'mtchire, chifukwa sangathe kuuluka kapena kuthamanga, ndipo kudziteteza kwawo mwankhanza sikukwanira kuwopseza adani.
Roosters imatha kutenga matenda opatsirana, komanso chimfine ndi bowa. Mutha kudziwa mkhalidwe wa tambala ndi mtundu wa matupi ake.
- ngati matupiwo ndi ofiira, ofiira owala kwambiri kapena ofiira - tambala ndi wathanzi,
- Ngati mankhwalawo ndi opepuka pinki, ndiye kuti magazi ake ndiwosokonekera, ndikofunikira kuyesedwa kuti adziwe matenda ake mpaka matenda awowo
- ngati nyanjayo ili yabuluu kapena yoyera, mbalameyo idwala kwambiri ndipo imfa posachedwa.
Nthawi zambiri, matenda a roosters samasokoneza nyama yawo. Kupatula kumeneko ndi salmonella, yemwe amapezeka mu mazira ndi nyama (nthawi zambiri).
Komanso, tambala titha kuthana ndi matenda otsatirawa:
- chifuwa chachikulu - nthawi zambiri chimakhala nkhuku zambiri zosagoneka mazira,
- listeriosis, yomwe imayamba ndi wamba conjunctivitis,
- pasteurellosis - matenda omwe amaphwanya njira zopumira za mbalame,
- leptospirosis, yomwe imayambitsa nthenga mu roosters, ndi nkhuku, zimachepetsa kugona.
Roosters mosavuta kugwira chimfine kapena kugwira matenda kuchokera mabala otseguka.Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi la mbalame zam'madzi izi.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Roosters ndizofunikira kwambiri paulimi. Amapereka onse nyama ndi kuphatikiza mazira kuti pakhale nkhuku zatsopano. Famu yankhuku ku Russia ili ndi nkhuku zoposa 1.22 miliyoni, 40% mwa izo ndi maluwa akuluakulu. M'mafakitale ku United States, chiwerengerochi chimaposa mamiliyoni atatu - akutsogolera kuswana nkhuku ndi tambala.
Ngakhale Russia siyikhala ndi udindo waukulu wolera nkhuku, nkhuku zaku Russia zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwawo. Popanda kulowerera ma genetic, pafupifupi kulemera kwa tambala ndi 2 kg. Kupitilira msewu, maizi omwe amatha kukula ndi theka.
Roosters pomenya nkhondo sikuwonetsedwa mwadala. Zosangalatsa zamtunduwu zimadziwika kuti ndizovomerezeka komanso zopanda ulemu m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi, chifukwa zimawerengedwa ngati masewera otchovera juga ndipo zimayambitsa chiwawa kwa nyama.
Maluwa okongoletsera amatchuka kwambiri ku Europe. Mbalamezi zimabweretsedwa kwawo limodzi ndi mbalame zamtchire ndi nkhunda zapakhomo. Makamaka nyumba zazikulu zokongoletsera zimasungidwa pamafamu apadera, kumene amagulitsidwa kwa obereketsa achinsinsi kuti achite nawo mpikisano osiyanasiyana. Monga lamulo, tambala okongoletsera samasiyana mu mawonekedwe okhathamira ngati wamba, omwe amalola kuti azisungidwa kunyumba.
Tambala - Nkhuku yokongola, yomwe imakonda kupezeka mnyumba za anthu, ku dachas ndi minda. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ma genetic, mbalame zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wambiri kuti mupezenso nyama ina. Kuyambira kale, agalu ankadziwika kuti ndi mbalame zapadera, zomwe nthawi zonse zimayenda ndi moyo wa munthu, ndipo akupitilizabe kukhala ndi anthu mpaka pano.
Kukhulupirira nyenyezi
Mwachiwonekere, kuwundana uku m'kati mwa zodiacal za zikhulupiriro zamatsenga zotchedwa "chipembedzo cha nyenyezi" zomwe zimachokera ku Babeloni (kuphatikiza Iraq wamakono). Kudziwa Mbusa Weniweni Anu (SIPA.ZI.AN.NA - Orion ndi chizindikiro cha nyama chomwe adatsagana naye, tambala, yemwe ali ndi Mtumiki wa milunguyo, ali ndi gawo lomaliza potumiza mauthenga kwa milungu. Pa tchati cha nyenyezi, chithunzi cha tambala chikuwonetsedwa pansipa ndi kuseri kwa chithunzi cha M'busa Weniweni, wophatikizidwa ndi Mtumiki wa milungu mu mbalame ndi mitundu ya anthu, motere.
Nergal, yemwe ndi fano pakati pa Asuri, Ababulo ndi Aperisi, amatchedwa "tambala ndowe" (Mtanthauzira mawu ndi nthano, Brever, 1900). Nthano zakale za Asuri ndi Ababulo zidakhazikika pamfundo yoti fano "Nergal limayimira pulaneti ya Mars, yomwe nthawi ina idali chizindikiro cha kuphana."
Tambala ndi kachikhumi mwa zizindikiro khumi ndi ziwiri mu Chinese zodiac system.
Kutalika kwa moyo
Kuthengo, nkhuku zimatha kukhala zaka pafupifupi 13. Koma ndi chisamaliro choyenera kunyumba, kutalika kwa moyo wa mbalame kumatha kufika zaka 30. Mwakuchita izi, sizimachitika kawirikawiri, chifukwa aliyense amalakwitsa posamalira, ndipo mbalameyo imatha kukhala yofooka kapena kuleredwa m'mikhalidwe yomwe imapangitsa kuti matenda azituluka.
Zimatanthauzanso cholinga chokweza rooster. Monga lamulo, uku ndikupitiliza nkhuku. Chifukwa chake, rooster amakhala nthawi yayitali nthawi yogwira umuna ikakhala. Izi ndi zaka pafupifupi 4. Tambala akakhala wamwamuna wofooka, amatumizidwa limodzi ndi nkhuku kukaphedwa. Chifukwa, poti palibe poti ayike, ndizopanda ntchito, ndipo zitha kukhala zothandiza. Nthawi zambiri, wamwamuna m'modzi ayenera kumeza akazi 10.
Tcherani khutu! Ziweto zokhala zaka zingati zimakhala ndi chakudya, kutentha kwa nkhuku ndi zina zambiri (woweta nkhuku waluso ayenera kuletsa mikangano pakati pa roosters, chifukwa zimakhudza psyche ya nyama).
Chifukwa chiyani tambala amalira m'mawa
Anthu ambiri amadabwa momwe tambala amalira. M'malo mwake, izi zimazolowera "khwangwala". Komanso, m'maiko osiyanasiyana amamva zinthu zosiyanasiyana.Ichi ndichifukwa chake mbalame sizimamvetsetsa anthu akamayesera kuwonetsa mawu a tambala.
Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti tambala atambalare kukhala gawo la nyama. Mmawa woyamba, wamphongo wa alpha wonyada amapanga phokoso, kenako anthu apamwamba. Chifukwa chake, malo omwe ali mu utsogoleriwo amagawika pakati pazuu. Kuphatikiza apo, khwangwala ndi njira yodziwitsa madera ndikuwachenjeza adani kuti sadzalandira moni ngati asankha kukhala alendo osayenera.
Chifukwa chiyani tambala amalira m'mawa
Kodi tulo timayamba kukuwa nthawi yanji? Nthawi yomwe apanga mawu oyamba amatsimikiziridwa ndi wotchi yachilengedwe ya mbalame. Olera oyamba amayamba kuyimba nthawi ya 1.00, yachiwiri ndi 2.00, ndipo yachitatu ndi 4.00. Koma kutengera ndi momwe zinthu ziliri ndi tambala, nthawi imatha kusiyanasiyana. Ofufuzawo adawonanso kuti nthawi yolira ya tambala imafanana ndi komwe nyenyezi zakuthambo zimayang'ana. Chifukwa chake, tambala woyamba amayamba kuyimba pomwe nyenyezi Canopus imawoneka pamwamba, ndipo ikasowa amasiya. Tambala tachitatu nthawi zambiri limagwirizana ndi mbandakucha.
Funso ndilakuti, bwanji anthu amafunika kudziwa nthawi yomwe tulo timayimba? Ndipo malongosoledwe ake ndi osavuta. M'mudzimo, m'mene nthawi idalibe wotchi, iyi inali imodzi mwa malo oyenera kupita munsewu (kuyembekeza tambala woyamba anali ngati owoneka bwino), chachiwiri nthawi zambiri chinali chisonyezo chopita mkaka ng'ombe. Chachitatu, ndichizindikiro kuti muyenera kudzuka ndikukonzekera ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku. Pafupifupi, ngati wotchi yotsika. Mbalame ikulira, zimadziwika nthawi yomweyo.
Zambiri zanu! Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa kuti tambala amatha kumanganso ngati nkhuku, ndipo izi zimachitika kuitana "bwenzi" kuti adye.
Kapangidwe ka tambala
Mwa njira, anthu ochepa amadziwa kuti cockerels ndi njira zouluka. Eya, mafupa awo munjira zambiri amafanana ndi mbalame zina zomwe zimapatsidwa luso lotere. 10% yokha ya misa ndi mafupa omwe amakhala mkati mwake. M'mafupa a amuna mulibe mafupa osakanikirana, omwe amathandizira pakupanga chipolopolo kuzungulira dzira. Amangochita izi kawirikawiri komanso mopanda chidwi.
Mafupa a tambala amagawika magawo atatu: mutu, thunthu ndi miyendo. Mutu umakhala wocheperako, chifukwa chake, motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa thupi lonse, umawoneka woseketsa kwambiri. Chigoba chimakhala ndi mafupa 10. Cervical spine imakhala ndi 13-14 vertebrae.
Mapiko ndiye kutsogolo kwa mbalame, m'munsi ndimiyendo. Nthawi zambiri, champhongo chimayenera kukhala ndi zala zinayi pamwendo uliwonse. Palinso china chala chala chachisanu - chofunda. M'malo mwake, iyi ndi njira yopanda tanthauzo, yomwe imakhazikika pamafupa osati nthawi zonse. Ngati tambala ali ndi zala zambiri, ndiye kuti ichi chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kubadwa kwamtundu (mwachitsanzo, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chomangira chogwirizana). Pankhaniyi, pakhoza kukhala zala 6. Kuphatikiza apo, pamiyendo yosiyanasiyana ikhoza kukhala nambala yosiyana ya iyo.
Zambiri zanu! Nthawi zambiri, champhongo chimayenera kukhala ndi ma chromosome 78: tambala amakhala XX, ndipo akazi amakhala ndi XY. Mwa anthu, zosiyana ndizowona.
Zoyenera kuchita kuti mbalame isalire
Pali njira zingapo zotsimikiziridwa zokhazikitsa mbalame, kapena kukhala chete:
- Panthawi yomwe munthu wagona, ikani mwamunayo pamalo amdima, ochepa, koma momwemo mpweya ungalowemo momasuka. Izi sizoyambitsa chisokonezo chazinyama. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ndizosatheka kumasula tambala kwambiri, chifukwa pamenepa kupanikizika sikungapeweke. Ngati woweta nkhuku ali ndi tambala angapo, ndiye kuti ndikokwanira kuyika wamphongo wa alpha mchipinda chamdima.
- Njira yachiwiri ndiyovuta kwambiri, ndipo kugwira ntchito kwake ndikochepa. Ndikofunikira kupanga kolala yokhala ndi makulidwe akulu kuposa mainchesi a khosi la mbalame kuchokera pa tepi ya nsalu ndi Velcro. Azikulungika m'khosi komanso kumangiriza ndi Velcro. Mbalameyo imangokhala kulira, koma chete. Satha kupuma mpweya wokwanira kuti ufuule.
Chifukwa chiyani tambala samalira ndi kutulutsa nkhuku
Mbalameyi ikasiya kuyimba, izi zikuwonetsa mavuto akulu. Zomwe zimapangitsa bata la nyama kukhala motere:
- matenda kupuma
- molting
- kusintha kwa mahomoni,
- kukalamba
Zofunika! Kukhetsa ndi chifukwa chokhacho chomwe sichiyenera kubweretsa nkhawa kwa mwiniwake.
Nthawi zambiri chifukwa choti tambala samalira amakhala ndi matenda opatsirana. Awa ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo komwe kamatha kudutsa mosavuta kuchoka pa nkhuku imodzi kupita kwina. Imfa ndi 65%, ndipo palibe chithandizo. Nyama ya mbalame yomwe ili ndi kachilombo siyowopsa kwa anthu, koma ngati tambala m'modzi ali ndi zizindikiro za matendawa (kutsokomola, kuvuta kupuma, kutulutsa kwammphuno, kusowa chilimbikitso ndi kutsekula m'mimba), ndiye kuti nkhuku idayatsidwa kuti isazime mbalame zina.
Matenda ena a kupuma amatha. Mwachitsanzo, ndi laryngotracheitis opatsirana, tambala amayamba kudumphadumpha.
Ndipo bwanji ngati tambala saponda nkhuku? Ngati mbalameyo ndi yaying'ono, ndiye muyenera kungoyembekezera. Nthawi zambiri, champhongo chimayamba kuchita chidwi ndi zazimayi pakatha milungu 24 mpaka 26. Koma zoyesa zoyambirira za nyama zazing'ono sizingachite bwino, izi sizoyenera kuopa. Phunzirani zambiri. Ngati mwamunayo ndi wamkulu, ndiye kuti pali zifukwa zina:
- Akazi samavomereza champhongo chokha. Makamaka izi zimachitika ngati mwamunayo anagulidwa posachedwa koma sanapeze mwayi kuchokera kwa abale. Pankhaniyi, imayenera kuyikidwa mu khola, kenako ndikuibzalira payokha mu imodzi mwa nkhuku. Pakapita kanthawi, azolowera, ndipo vutoli litha.
- Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti munthu samazindikira momwe tambala amapondera nkhuku. Muyenera kudikirira masabata angapo, ndikuyang'ana mazirawo ndi ovoscope. Ngati atenga umuna, ndiye kuti tambala amagwira ntchito yake.
Ndipo chifukwa china - chachimuna ndi cha hermaphrodite. Izi sizokayikitsa, koma nthawi zina zimachitika. Kuti muwone izi, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mkhalidwe wa mbalame. Ngati khwangwala atayesera kukwera chisa, ndiye kuti zonse zomwe zatsala ndikuzitumiza ku msuzi. Uwu ndi mwayi wokhawo womwe cholengedwa chomwe chimabweretsa.
Tambala amapondera nkhuku
Momwe mungapangire tambala tambala
Zovala sizipangidwapo nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri amadzilimbitsa, koma ngati izi sizingachitike, ndiye kuti munthuyo ayenera kumaliza njirayi. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala, mutakonza mbalameyo ndi chovala kapena thaulo. Kudula misomali ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito guillotine forceps amphaka kapena agalu. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuti musawononge ziwiya zomwe zimawoneka kudzera mu lumen.
Tambala (cockerel) ndi mbalame zothandiza pakhomo. Nkhaniyi idafotokoza nkhani zomwe zimasangalatsa kwa obereketsa nkhuku wamba zokhudzana ndi nkhuku zazimuna, monga kapangidwe kake, kutalika kwa moyo, mavuto ena omwe nyama zimakumana nawo, komanso ngati ndi nyama yonse. Popeza adziwa izi, alimi sadzakhalanso ndi mafunso ndi zovuta posamalira mbalame yofunikira iyi.
Tambala tambala amakumana ndi nkhuku
Nkhuku ndi mbalame zomwe zimangokhala m'matumba okha ndipo mulibe chilichonse padera. Paketi iliyonse ili ndi yake mtsogoleri tambala. Tambala amatha kupeza nkhuku zonse, nthawi iliyonse pachaka ndipo amatha kuzithyola kangapo momwe akufuna. Ngati izi ndizochepa, ndiye kuti pankhaniyi ziphuphu zimachitika, zomwe nthawi zina zimatha ndikukhetsa magazi.
Njira yodukiza
Gawo lofunikira pakukula mwambo wosangalatsa (kusewera magemu). Tambala sakhala patali pang'onopang'ono kupondaponda mbalame, choyamba, monga lamulo, chimayamba kuzungulira zazikazi ndikuyamba kutsitsa phiko limodzi. Pakapita kanthawi, tambala amayenda akukhwima. Pakukhwima, tambala amalumpha mbalameyo, kuipondaponda ndikugwira nthenga, yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa mutu. Mbalame zikuswana mothandizidwa ndi cesspool yemwe amatsegula pansi pa mchira. Nthawi yomweyo, kutulutsidwa kwamadzi am'mimba kumachitika, komwe kumakhala kumaliseche kwa mkazi mothandizidwa ndi maliseche a amuna.
Mbewu ya mbolo yamphongo imatha kusungidwa m'njira zachikazi pafupifupi masiku 20 ndipo mazira onse omwe mbalame imayikidwa popanda kupatula umuna. Kukopera kumachitika mwachangu kwambiri, njirayi imakonda kubwerezedwa.
Tambala wolimba amatha kugwira mpaka kukhwima mpaka 22 tsiku lililonse, machitidwewa amatha kuchepa chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali komanso ntchito za mbalame. Chuma chake chimadalira pafupipafupi kukhwima. Ngati tambala nthawi zambiri amapondaponda gulu lake, ndiye kuti izi zakhudza bwino mbewu ya mbewu. Komanso, ndikukhwima pang'ono, malo a mbewu amakhazikika. Pofuna kusamalira ziweto zochulukirapo ndikuwatsimikizira mazira ambiri okhathamiritsidwa, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa kuti agone mu ng'ombe zawo.
Zomwe zimachitika pakubala nkhuku
Kubalanso nkhuku, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mbalame zina, kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi chiwalo chapadera cha mbalame - cloaca. Ili ndiye gawo lomalizira la matuza am'mbuyo mwa ena am'magazi, komwe kumachokera ziwalo zoberekera za genitourinary system.
Mimbulu ya tambala ndi mayeso yaying'ono pomwe ma vas deferens (mtundu wa ngalande zoonda) amapita, kumaliza kwake ndiko kuphika. Umuna umachotsedwa pamasamba pogwiritsa ntchito papilla yaying'ono yomwe ili pachilichonse.
Mu nkhuku, njira yolera imakhala ndi timagulu tambiri thumba losunga mazira lomwe lili mbali yakumanja ndi oviduct. Zinthu zonse ziwiri za dongosololi zimatha kulowa mu cesspool kudzera munjira zosiyanasiyana. Thumba losunga mazira ndi komwe dzira limapangidwira ndikupanga mazira, pomwe limayamba kukhala dzira mu dzira lomwe limayambira.
Panthawi yakukhwima, nkhuku zimakumana ndi zovala zawo: chovala chachimuna chimalowa mkati, ndipo madzimadzi ake amadzimadzi amaloŵa m'mavalidwe achikazi.
Umuna wa tambala ukhoza kukhalabe wotakataka masiku makumi awiri.
Chiwerengero cha nkhuku
Mu gulu, payenera kukhala akazi aikazi 15 pa tambala. Chifukwa chake mutha kupewa mikangano pakati pa amuna a gulu limodzi. Ngati pali akazi ambiri, aimuna sangathe kupirira nawo. Pochepera, tambala amatha kuwazunza ndi kuwazunza kwake.
Nkhuku zimatha kunyamula mazira osabereka. Chifukwa chake ndizotheka kuti musatenge wamwamuna chifukwa cha mazira omwe amabala mazira. M'malo mwake, kukhalapo kwa tambala m'gulu la ziweto kungayambitse kuchepa kwa mazira omwe amanyamula nkhuku. Zambiri mu nkhani "Kodi nkhuku zingayike mazira popanda tambala".
Masewera aubwenzi
Tambala akusamalira wamkazi. Kuti akope chidwi, amatenga chakudya pakamwa pake ndikuyamba kuyitanitsa nkhuku mokuwa ndi mawu ake. Ngati nkhuku ibwera, ndiye yamphongo imudyetsa. Akazi akakhala kuti alibe chidwi, tambala amadyanso tokha.
Imayandikira nkhuku, ndikufalitsa phiko limodzi ndikuyamba kuzunguliza mkaziyo mozungulira. Nthawi yomweyo, imayenda pamphiko ndi chingwe chake ndi kupunthwa ngati.
Wamphongo amatha kuthamangitsa wamkazi. Nthawi yomweyo, amawombera nthenga ndikuweramitsa mutu wake pansi.
Amuna ali ndi ma test pawiri, pomwe mavuwo amatsogolera ku zovala. Mukukonzekera, abambo amaponderezedwa ndi cloaca kupita ku zovala za mkazi. Mbewu imayikidwamo, yomwe mkaziyo amatha kusungira m'thupi lake mpaka masiku 20. Mazira onse omwe amaikidwa panthawiyi adzapatsidwa umuna. Dziwani zambiri mu nkhani "Kapangidwe ka kubereka kwa tambala".
Makina oyenda
Chifukwa chiyani tambala amapondera nkhuku?
Tambala amapondera pansi wamkazi chifukwa cha chibadwa chawo. "Yambitsani nkhuku" - ili ndi dzina loti umuna usungidwe mu mbalame chifukwa choti yamphongoyo, itaweramira pachikazi, imakhotera nthenga zake posaka dzenje kuti itenge pathupi.
Kodi tambala amapondera bwanji nkhuku?
Nthawi ya umuna, tambala amakhala pakhuku ndikugwira mlomo wake kumbuyo kwa mutu wake. Njira yake imakhala yopweteka kwa mkazi. Anthu ena amayesa kuthawa tambala, koma chimagwira nkhuku mwamphamvu ndi spurs. Ndipo zokolola zawo zimagwirizanitsa. Matenga ndi othamanga kwambiri, koma amphongo amatha kuthamanga nkhuku kangapo patsiku.
Ngati mungazindikire kuti nkhukuzi zimakhala ndi dazi, zikutanthauza kuti tambala ndiwogwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo alibe akazi okwanira kukwatira. Ngati nkhuku yazingira mbali, muyenera kudulira pang'ono maleredwe aimphongo.
Kodi tambala wa tambala amatenga manyowa bwanji?
Mukamayendetsa, umuna wam'madzi wochokera ku malaya amphongo umalowa mu chovala chachikazi. Spermatozoa amakhalabe amagwira ntchito kwa milungu itatu, kotero nthawi yonseyi, ngakhale popanda kubwereza matendawa, nkhuku imayikira mazira.
Pakazungulira pachaka, kuthekera kwa tambala kumangogwera pang'onopang'ono.
Umuna wamanyowa
Njira yakuberekera ya nkhuku imakhala ndi timimba ta m'mimba ndi oviduct (fallopian chubu), yomwe imafikira pakatikati pa cloaca. Mtsogolo dzira yolks mawonekedwe ndi okhwima mu ovary. A ovum okhwima amalowa oviduct. Pamenepo amakumana ndi tambala wamadzi am'madzi ndipo dzira limayamwa.
- Pambuyo umuna, umuna wokhawo umatsala mu dzira, ndipo mchirawo umalekanitsidwa.
- Kuyambira pomwe dzira limalowa mu chubu cha fallopian mpaka dzira litawonekera, pafupifupi maola 25.
- Dzira (yolk) limayamba kuthiridwa umuna ndi umuna. Kenako imazunguliridwa ndi mapuloteni (albumin). Kenako amaikidwa mu chigamba (chipolopolo cha calcium). Mawonekedwe a Shell amapezeka pamapeto pa kupanga dzira la nkhuku.
- Pulogalamuyi imapereka chakudya kwa mwana wosabadwayo, ndipo mapuloteniwo amakhala ngati pilo.
- Nkhuku ikaikira dzira, ngalande yamatumbo imatsekeka, kotero kuti chopondacho sichigwira dzira mu cloaca.
- Khola lophimba mazira limapangidwa chifukwa cha nkhokwe zomwe zimasungidwa (chifukwa chake, ngati dzira logona lili ndi mazira ofewa, calcium iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya cha mbalame).
- Kuyesera mu 1948 kunatsimikizira kuti umuna umapezeka kumtunda kwa oviduct mphindi 20 pambuyo poti ovum alowe mu oviduct.
- Thumba losunga mazira lazikazi limakhala ndi maolivi anayi mpaka 6.
Momwe mungayang'anire ngati dzira lakumana ndi umuna
Ngati mukufuna kulera nkhuku, ndikofunikira kudziwa dzira liti kuti ligone pansi pa nkhuku kapena kuyikamo chofungatira. Nthawi zina mazira oikidwa samapereka chifukwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti poyambilira padalibe dzira.
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti dzira lililonse limathiridwa feteleza. Koma sichoncho. Hens amathamangira mulimonse, koma amatha kubereka pokhapokha atakwatirana ndi wamwamuna.
Chonde dzira limatsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe a magazi, omwe amapezeka pa yolk. Kuti adziwe kukhalapo kwa chovala ichi, dzira limatsimikiziridwa. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwachilengedwe (kuwunikira dzuwa), nyali wamba kapena chida chapadera cha mazira otuluka - ovoscope.
Ikayatsidwa ndi nyali kapena chida, dzira limasinthidwa kupita kuchipinda chamdima ndikuyika pansi ndi kumapeto. Kenako kuyatsa kumayatsidwa. Kuti muwone dzira bwino, limayikidwa pang'ono mbali imodzi.
MTHANDIZO! Mazira a bulauni ndi ovuta kuwunikira, chifukwa cholocha nkhuku kapena chofungatira, ndibwino kuti mungakondwere ndi zipolopolo zoyera.
Sizitenga nthawi yayitali kuti mudziwe umuna: mluza umawonekera nthawi yomweyo ukaunikira.
Ngati mumawalira dzira koma osazindikira kuwundana, izi zikuonetsa kuti umuna sunachitike.
Nthawi zina, mutha kuwona osati magazi, koma mawonekedwe okhawo. Izi zimatanthawuza kuti mluza anali mu yolk, koma adamwalira pazifukwa zina. Dzira lotere sililinso loyenerera kugona.
Kodi nkhuku zimaswana bwanji? Mchitidwe wosasitsa wa dzira
Dzira kusasitsa ndondomeko limachitika m'chiberekero, dzira lisanayike kukula kwache komwe kumachitika. Dongosolo la dzira (follicle) limapanga msanga kuchuluka kwa yolk. Nthawi yomweyo, ndizotheka kupanga kuchokera ku zikuluzikulu zinayi mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zam'mimba mwa nkhuku zothamanga. Ngati dzira lapanga, zipolopolo zimang'ambika ndipo mazira amapezeka - yolk imagwera.
Tikupangizanso kuti muwerenge: Nyama za MatingZakudya zobereketsa Timamanga nyumba yathuyi ya nkhuku yoziziraJeri chimphona chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi
Dzira losapsa imalowa mu ngalande ndipo imanyowa nthawi yayitali kukwera kwa oviduct. Palibe chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti kulowetsedwa kumachitika m'malo ena a oviduct. Umuna umatha kudutsa pakati pa dzira. Kuchokera pa 20 mpaka 60 umuna umalowa dzira nthawi yomweyo, ndi imodzi yokha yomwe umatulutsa umuna. Mbewu ya Tambala chovomerezeka chifukwa chakuti chipolopolo cha nthawi imeneyi sichikhala ndi nthawi yopanga. Pakatha tsiku limodzi pomwe dzira limakutidwa ndi chipolopolo cholimba.
Ngati cholinga ndicholingana ndi kuswana kwa nkhuku, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti umuna wa dzira la nkhuku wadutsa kapena ayi. Zitha kuchitika kuti kuchokera ku dzira lomwe limatchinga nkhuku anapiye samaswa. Izi ndichifukwa choti alibe mluza, pankhaniyi, sanakhuzidwe mwanjira iliyonse ndipo palibe chikhulupiriro kuti mwana angatenge. Vuto ndilakuti nkhuku zimathamangira limodzi, ngati pali tambala kapena ayi. Komabe, ana amawoneka mothandizidwa ndi tambala.
3 Momwe mungayang'anire chonde cha dzira
Umuna umakhala m'thupi la nkhuku masiku 20. Chifukwa chake, munthawi imeneyi, mazira onse omwe nkhuku idayikirapo ayenera kuthiridwa manyowa.
Kuti muwone ngati pali mluza mu dzira, ndikokwanira kuti ubweretse ku gwero lowala. Ngati malo amdima akuwoneka mu lumen, ndiye kuti ndi mluza. Ngati kulibe malo amdima, ndiye kuti mazirawo sanakhale umuna, ndipo ndi oyenera kudya.
Kuti mudziwe kupezeka kwa mazira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera - ovoscope. M'masiku oyamba, ndizosatheka kudziwa chonde. Pakapita kanthawi, mutha kudziwa zotsatirazi:
- Masiku 5. Pakadali pano, mazira onse okhathamiritsa ndi mazira osabereka amawoneka ofanana. Kusiyanako ndikuti dzira lomwe lili ndi mluza limakhala ndi utoto wowonekera mkati komanso utoto wambiri m'mphepete mwake. Ngati mtundu wamafuta ndi womwewo mkati ndi muofesi, ndiye dzira silinakundidwa.
- Masiku 6-7. Pakadali pano, mutha kudziwa molondola ngati dzira ndi ubwamuna kapena ayi. Ngati pali mluza, ndiye kuti mumakhala ukonde wofiyira mkati ndipo mluza umafika kukula kwa 5 mpaka 8 mm. Ngati mluza wamwalira, ndiye kuti matuwa ofiira omwe amapezeka mwangozi amapezeka mkati.
- Masiku 7-10. Panthawi imeneyi, munthu amatha kudziwa molondola ngati mluza ulipo. Ngati ma yolk ali ndi mawonekedwe otumbululuka, ndiye kuti kutulutsa kwa anapiye kumachitika mwachizolowezi.
Umboni wotsimikizira kuti mwana wankhukuyo ali moyo ndipo akutukuka akhoza kumamvetsera dzira lokhazikika. Mu masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri, mutha kumva kugunda kwa mtima.
Akazi olimbikitsa nkhuku: momwe mungasiyanitsire tambala ndi nkhuku
Momwe mungadziwire ngati dzira ndi umuna?
Mukakumana ndi ntchito yolera nkhuku, ndikofunikira kudziwa ngati dzira la nkhuku lili ndi umuna kapena ayi. Zitha kuchitika kuti mazira ena omwe amaikidwa pansi pa nkhuku samaswa. Izi ndichifukwa choti alibe mwana wosabadwa, ndiye kuti, sanakhutire ndipo palibe chiyembekezo chodzabereka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nkhuku zimathamangira nthawi iliyonse pakakhala tambala kapena ayi. Koma zimaswana pamaso pa tambala.
Dzira losautsa limatha kuzindikiridwa ndi kukhalapo kwa magazi pang'ono mu yolk. Kuti muwunikire ndikuwonetsa umuna, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwawoko kuchokera ku nyali kapena kugula chida chapadera - ma ovoscope (momwe amawonekera pachithunzichi). Mutha kuzipangitsanso nokha ngati palibe njira yogulira chipangizocho.
Chogwiritsira translucent chimayenera kupita kumalo amdima. Dzira liyenera kuyikidwa kumapeto kwa kuunikiralo, kenako ndikukhazikika kuti liwone bwino lomwe mkati.Ndikovuta kwambiri kuwunikira mazira a bulauni, motero ndikofunikira kusankha zoyera zoyera kuti zigone pansi pa nkhuku. Palibe chifukwa choganizira zomwe zakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali: chifukwa cha kuwala kowala, sizivuta kudziwa mluza. Kuti muimire njira yonse yosinthira, mutha kuyang'ana kanema pa intaneti pamutuwu.
Mu dzira lokhathamiritsa, malo ochepa omwe ali ndi mitsempha yamagazi amawonekera mu lumen. Ngati palibe madontho akuda kapena kuwumba kwa magazi komwe kumawonedwa mkati mwa kutulutsa kwamkati, ndiye musanakhale dzira lopanda tanthauzo, silili koyenera kukumana. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti sizingatheke kudziwa zovalazo mu yolk, koma magazi a contour amawoneka m'mphepete mwa yolk, ndipo palibe malo pakati. Izi zikusonyeza kuti dzira lidapangidwa umuna ndipo mluza udayamba kupangika, koma pazifukwa zina udafa. Zoterezi zimatayidwa pomwepo, nkhukuzo sizikulaka.
Kodi umuna wa dzira umachitika bwanji?
Kusintha kwa dzira kumachitika m'mimba mwa nkhuku, dzira lake lisanayike kukula kwake. Potere, dzira nembanemba (follicle) mwachangu limatulutsa yolk. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchokera pa zikuluzikulu 4 mpaka 6 zimatha kuwonekera m'mimba mwa nkhuku yothamanga. Dzira likakhwima, zimimba zimasokonekera ndipo mazira amayamba - yolk imagwera mumtunda wa oviduct.
Kuyesera komwe kunachitika mu 1948 kunathandizira kudziwa komwe mavutowo amakumana ndi umuna. Adapeza kuti dzira losabereka limalowa oviduct ndipo limalumikizidwa ndikadutsa mphindi 20 pambuyo pa mphindi iyi, kumtunda kwa oviduct. Palibe chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti umuna umapezeka m'malo ena a oviduct.
M'matumbo a nkhuku, dzira ndi mbewu ya tambala zimapezeka. Umuna umatha kudutsa ulonda wowonda wa dzira. Maselo 20 mpaka 60 majeremusi amalowa mu dzira nthawi imodzi, koma ndi imodzi yokha yomwe imapanga umuna. Kulowa kwa mbewu ya tambala ndikotheka chifukwa chipolopolo pofika nthawi ino sichikhala ndi nthawi yokwanira. Dzira lolimba lakunja limangophimba tsiku lokhala ndi ubwamuna.
Kulumikizana kwa umuna ndi dzira kumayendera limodzi ndi mawonekedwe a khungu, ulusi utatuluka m'thupi la umuna, kulowa mkati mwa dzira. Kuphatikiza apo, khungu la amuna limalowa mwa mkazi. Mutu wokha womwe umakhala ndi chidziwitso cha majiniwo umalowa mkatikati, mchirawo ukugwa.
Momwe mungazindikire mazira okhathamiritsa?
Ngati nkhuku yoweta nkhuku zimasaka nkhuku ndi cholinga choti chizikulidwe, ndikofunikira kudziwa ngati dzira ndi ubwamuna kapena ayi. Zigawo zimabweretsa mazira mulimonsemo komanso mosasamala kanthu za kukhalapo kwa tambala, komabe, nkhuku zimaswana kokha mothandizidwa ndi amuna. Nkhuku sizimaswa mazira osabereka - izi ndichifukwa chakuti m'mimba mwake mumakhala mazira.
Dzira losautsa limatha kudziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi m'zilili. Kusintha ndikofunikira kuti magazi azitha. Zinthu zitatu zitha kuthandiza kuzindikira mazira ophatikiza:
- kuyatsa kwachilengedwe
- gwero loyatsa
- Vuto losunga mazira ndi chida chapadera choganizira nthawi yomweyo.
Dzira lachidwi liyenera kuyikidwa m'malo amdima. Imayikidwa kumapeto kosasunthika pakuwala, pambuyo pake imapendekeka kotero kuti zomwe zili mkati zimawunikidwa bwino. Mavuto akulu kwambiri amakhala ndi mazira a bulauni, kotero kuti agone pansi pa nkhuku ndi bwino kusankha zitsanzo za mithunzi yoyera, yoyera. Palibe chifukwa chofufuzira zazitali za zomwe zalembedwazo: chifukwa cha kuunika kwakukulu, sizovuta kudziwa mluza, ngakhale woweta nkhuku woyamba kumene.
Mu dzira lokhathamiritsa, mitsempha yambiri yamagazi m'malo ochepa imayang'aniridwa mu lumen. Ngati pakuwoneka, palibe magazi ndi madontho akuda omwe adapezeka, dzira silikhatetezedwa ndipo silili koyenera kukumana.
Palinso milandu kuti sizingatheke kudziwa kupezeka kwa zovala ndi mawanga pakati pa yolk, koma nthawi yomweyo titha kusiyanitsa magazi omwe ali m'mphepete. Izi zikuwonetsa dzira losautsa lomwe mwa zifukwa zingapo zina mwana wosabadwayo wamwalira. Malingaliro oterowo sangapindulitsenso nkhuku: palibe amene adzawabera.