| Pali mitundu 24 ya ma chipmunks, 23 omwe amakhala ku North America ndi mtundu umodzi wokha ku Eurasia. Pali ma chipmunks ambiri ku America; amakhala ku Mexico ndi Alaska. Makoswe ambiri amakhala ku North America.
Chipmunks zakuEurope zidakhala malo akulu kuchokera kumadera aku Europe ku Russia kupita kumpoto kwa China, Korea ndi Japan. Chipmunks amakhalanso ku Central Europe, amabweretsedwa kumeneko monga ziweto, koma nthumwi zina zinathawa ndipo zinayamba kuthengo.
Chipmunk ndichochepa. Thupi la makoswe ndi lalitali, ndipo mchira wake ndiwofeweka komanso wautali, wolemera masentimita 8-12. Chipmunks amakula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 14 mpaka 17, ndipo amayeza kuchokera 40 mpaka 120 magalamu, kutengera mtundu.
Nyama zing'onozing'onozi zimakhala ku North America, ndipo amakhalanso ku kontinenti ya Europe. Chipmunks amadya mtedza, ma acorn, mbewu zamtchire, oats, bowa ndi tirigu. Poterepa, zinthu zonse zimasungidwa pa zinyalala zouma mosiyanasiyana. Chiwerengero chonse cha masheya chotere chimatha kufika ma kilogalamu 5-6.
Chipmunk ndi kakulidwe kakang'ono kwambiri.
Zakudya zazikulu za nyama:
- paini mtedza
- bowa
- ma acorn
- udzu
- masamba
- mphukira zazing'ono za chitsamba,
- mbewu za udzu
- zipatso
- tizilombo.
Nthawi zambiri nyamayi imadya zakudya zam'mera. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasakaniza mu chakudya mwa apo ndi apo. Mwa izi, nyama makamaka zimakonda kachikumbu kosiyanasiyana (kachasu, kachikumbu, kachilomboka), nyerere, mbozi, ziwala, nkhono za pamtunda ndi malovu. Nthawi zina, chipmunk chimatha kudya mazira am'mimba kapena abuluzi.
Meyi ndi June ndi miyezi yomwe ma chipmunks amadya bowa wouma yemwe wasiyidwa kuyambira nthawi yophukira. Mu Ogasiti mpaka Seputembala, boletus watsopano, boletus, boletus, bowa wa porcini ndi bowa wa uchi amaphatikizidwa ndi zakudya. Komabe, nyengo yachisanu, nyama izi sizisunga bowa.
Malo oyamba azakudya za chipmunk amakhala ndi mtedza wa paini. Chinyama chawo chimadya pachaka chonse. Chipmunk imangotenga mphindi imodzi yokha kuti mudzaze matumba a masaya ndi mtedza. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, mtedza 30 mpaka 54 umayikidwa m'matumba a nyama iyi.
Chipmunk ndi njira yabwino kwambiri ndipo siyosiyana ndi miyambo yomwe imayesedwa ndi anthu pafupi ndi malo awo. Chifukwa chake, nyama izi zimatha kuwononga nandolo, mpendadzuwa, fulakesi ndi mbewu monga chimanga. Chipmunks amasangalalanso ndi kusangalala ndi plums ndi nkhaka. Chapakatikati, mutha kukumana ndi nyama, kunyambita nthenga zotumphuka kuchokera kumakungwa ovulala. Osasamala chipmunk ndikudya zipatso za rasipiberi, currants, m'chiuno, mbalame chitumbuwa, sitiroberi, blueberries, phulusa la kumapiri, honeysuckle ndi gooseberries.
Kutetezedwa
M'nyengo yozizira, nyama zimabisala, zomwe zimasokonezedwa pokhapokha thaw. Monga lamulo, hibernation imayamba masiku 5-10 masiku chisanu woyamba chisanachitike. Ngati chivundikiro choyamba chisanu chikugwa mochedwa, ndiye kuti nyama zimakhazikika pakamayamba kutentha kozizira. Chipmunks amagona nthawi ndi nthawi, podzuka.
Panthawi yodzuka, ma chipmunks amagwira ntchito. Panthawi yodontha, nyama imayenda, ndipo thupi lake limafanana ndi mpira - miyendo yonse imakanikizidwa mpaka thupi, ndipo mutu uli pakati pa miyendo yakumbuyo. Potere, kutaya kwamoto kumachepetsedwa ndipo mphamvu za nyama zimapulumutsidwa.
Ngakhale kubisalira, chipmunk sichimapumira kupitilira katatu mpaka kanayi pakupuma, ndipo kutentha kwa thupi kumatsika mpaka madigiri 10. Panthawi yodzuka, chipmunkcho chimadya zakudya zake ndikuyenda m'nyumba. Nthawi izi, kutentha kwake kumakwera mpaka madigiri 37 38. Chipmunk chimagwera mu hibernation, chokhala ndi mafuta ochepa osungirako. M'nyengo yozizira, nyamayi imataya pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kulemera kwake.
Masheya amnyengo yachisanu
Chipmunks amayamba kusunga chakudya nthawi yachisanu kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. M'malo obisika, nyamazo zimasungira mbewu, mtedza ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana. Dyetsani masheya mu chipmunk pantry amatha kufika 20 kg nthawi zina. Kwa nyengo yozizira, mbewu zosankhidwa zokha ndi zokhwima zimasungidwa. Chipmunk chilichonse chimasungira chakudya, monga lamulo, m'nyumba mwake. Komabe, nthawi zina chipmunks amasunga zosungira zosungira zosiyanasiyana. Zakudya zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa ndi nyamayi nthawi yozizira zimadyedwa kwambiri zachuma, panthawi yodzuka ndi nyamayo. Chipmunk chimadya voliyumu yayikulu ikadzuka kumapeto kwa kasupe.
Chipmunks, ngati angafune, angathe kusungidwa kunyumba. Chovuta chachikulu ndi izi ndikuti padzakhala chipmunk. Zomwe chipmunk chimadya m'chilengedwe zimatengera chakudya chomwe adapeza panthawiyo. Mukasungidwa m'nyumba, muyenera kuganizira moyenera zakudya zomwe nyama imadya. Popeza chibadwa chachilengedwe chimakakamiza ma chipmunks kuti azikwanira nthawi yozizira, nyama iyi imapemphanso chakudya kwa eni ake, ngakhale idadyedwa posachedwa. Ngati mungadyetse nyamayo m'manja, osawopseza nyamayo, imakhala yopangidwira.
Chipmunk ikufunika khola lalitali kuti nyumbayo ikhale yotalika, ndi kutalika kwa mita 1 kapena kuposerapo, komanso m'lifupi mwake masentimita 50. Komabe, ngakhale pali khola lalikulu, nyamayo izifunikira kuyendayenda m'chipindacho. "Chipmunk" chikuyenera kukhala "chikuyenda" mozungulira nyumbayo moyang'aniridwa mosamala, apo ayi mwina sichingawerengeredwe m'mabuku ena, ndipo mulu wa zofunda mwadzidzidzi padzakhala mtedza. Mwambiri, ma chipmunks ndi oyera komanso aukhondo. Nyumbayo imatsogolera moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.
Mutha kugula chakudya cha chipmunk pamalo ogulitsa ziweto kapena kudzipangira nokha. Mukasungidwa m'nyumba, chipmunk chimakhala chovuta. Mutha kudyetsa nyamayo ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mtedza, kupatula ma amondi, oatmeal, nthanga za mpendadzuwa, zipatso, dandelions, zipatso, zipatso.
Mukamadyetsa zipatso, zijambuleni: zimatha kukhala ndi zowonjezera za mankhwala zomwe zimakhala zovulaza nyamayo. Ma Chipmunks amadya tchizi, makeke, phala mkaka. Popeza akufunika kupera zisoti zodula, ikani choko chokole m'khola. Onetsetsani kuti muphatikiza mapuloteni a nyama omwe amapezeka m'miphutsi ya mazira, mazira a nkhuku kapena tizilombo. Onani nthawi ndi nthawi "malo osasungika" m'nyumba yanyama! Ndikwabwino kuchotsa zinthu zina munthawi yake ngati ziyamba kuwonongeka. Ndipo, zoona zake, musaiwale kutsanulira tsiku lililonse madzi abwino nyama.
Agologolo, agologolo pansi ndi zibowo zili ndi abale osangalatsa. Amafanana kwambiri ndi abale awo. Itanani nyama izi chipmunks , ndipo nyamayi ndi yomwe anthu amakonda kusungira kunyumba. Ndi anthu anji omwe amakonda makoswe agologolo? Maonekedwe ake osati mokomera.
Kufotokozera kwa Chipmunk
Zinyama zazing'ono zokongola izi zimakula mpaka kutalika kwa 15 cm. Mchira wawo umakhala ndi kutalika kwa 10 cm. Chipmunks amalemera pafupifupi ma g 150. Chipmunk chimasiyana ndi mtundu wake komanso kukula kwake kofanana ndi gologolo wina wake.
Mtundu wa ubweya wa nyama ndi wofiira. Zingwe zakuda zimatambalala m'thupi lake, kuyambira mutu wake. Mitundu yoyera imakhala yambiri pamimba. Chojambula chachikulu cha chipmunk ndi mchira wake wokongola komanso wopatsa chidwi.
Ngakhale sizovuta kwenikweni ngati gologolo, chimodzimodzi, aliyense amakhala ndi chidwi ndi izi. Kutalika kwa miyendo ndikosiyana pang'ono. Matambalo ake ali afupikifupi kuposa miyendo yakumbuyo. Chipmunks ndi nyama zazikulu komanso zonyamula matama.
Mwanjira imeneyi ali ofanana ndi ma gopher ndi hamsters. Ndikosatheka kuzizindikira zikakhala kuti sizodzazidwa ndi chilichonse. Koma matumba akuwoneka bwino nyama zikayamba kuyikamo zinthu zamtundu uliwonse zakudya pamenepo. Nthawi ngati izi, chipmunk chimawoneka choseketsa komanso chowoneka bwino.
Chipmunk chimakhala ndi chikwama pamasaya ake momwe chimasungirako chakudya mosungira
Maso a nyamayo akukhathamira. Izi zimamuthandiza kukhala ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha chipmunks, ndizosavuta kupewa kuyanjana ndi adani omwe angathe kukhala nawo, omwe m'chilengedwe ali chokwanira. Zinyama zambiri zolusa, nkhandwe, nkhandwe, marten sizosangalatsa kudya nyama yaying'ono yamtunduwu.
Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya chipmunks:
- Waku Asia. Mutha kukumana naye ku Siberia, Urals, Far East, kumpoto kwa Russia.
- Waku East America. Malo omwe amakhala ndi North America, kumpoto chakum'mawa.
- Neotamias. Chipmunks zamtunduwu amakhalanso kumadzulo kwa North America.
M'mitundu yonse ya ma chipmunks, deta yakunja ndi zizolowezi sizosiyana kwambiri. Nthawi zina, m'malo osowa kwambiri, mutha kukumana ndi zoyera kwambiri. Koma si ma alubino. Nyama zimangokhala ndi majini enaake.
Chipmunk sichachilendo mwachilengedwe
Mawonekedwe a Chipmunk
Nyengo iliyonse imakhala ndi mtundu wake wa nyama. Amasungunuka kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka nyengo yophukira. Chipmunks alibe m'maso makutu awo, ngati agologolo. Kuti akhale nyumba, amakumba mabowo awo. Nthawi yomweyo, zimatha kudutsa mitengo.
Chofunikira ndikamaukumba ngalande ya nyama ndikuti sazaza dothi lapansi, zomwe zikatero zimakhala zopanda pake pafupi ndi kwawo, ndikuzinyamula kupita nazo kwawo. Chifukwa chake, amayesera kubisala komwe akupita kwa adani.
Dzenje la chipmunk ndi malo obisalamo pomwe zipinda zingapo zimasungirako zosungirako, malo amodzi omwe nyamayo ikapuma, ndi malo angapo omwe nyama zimagwiritsa ntchito ngati zimbudzi.
Pofuna kutonthozedwa m'malo okhala, ma chipmunks adaphimbidwa ndi masamba ndi udzu. Zili muminks kuti nyama zawo zimatha nthawi yachisanu. Zachikazi, kuwonjezera pa izi, zimaberekabe mwa ana awo. Chipmunk kunyumba - Chochitika chodziwika bwino chifukwa ukali sichizolowezi cha nyama zokongola izi.
Amatha kudumpha, kukwera mitengo, kuthamanga pansi. Chipmunks amatha kuthana ndi zopinga zilizonse ndi zopinga zao. Kuti adzipeze chakudya, amatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali.
Amapambana. Nthawi zambiri mabatani awo amakhala okwanira nthawi yopanda malire. Kuphatikiza apo, chakudyacho chimasungidwa munjira zawo ndikusanjidwa kwathunthu - mulu umodzi muli mbewu, udzu wina, ndi mtedza wachitatu. Musanagwiritse ntchito, nyama imasanja bwino ndikuuma zonse m'matangadza.
Kumayambiriro kwa dzinja kwa nyama kumabwera mphindi pamene iye hibernates. Chipmunks akugona nthawi yonse yozizira. Kudzuka kwa nyama yotopa kuyambika mu Marichi-Epulo. Koma kutopa kumadutsa mwachangu, chifukwa kufupi ndi chipinda chake chocheperako pali niche yokhala ndi malo onse osungirako zakudya osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu ndi kulemera kwa nyama zimabwezeretsedwa mwachangu kwambiri.
Makulu akulu awa sakhala phe. Kuthamanga pamitengo ndi mulu wamitengo yakufa ndichinthu chachilendo kwa iwo. About chipmunks Amati kuwasamalira kunyumba nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta.
Chachikulu ndichakuti nyamayi imayenera kudzisamalira yokha. Kumusamalira ndikuwona momwe amakhalira ndizosangalatsa chabe, chifukwa chipmunk si nyama yankhanza ndipo kulumikizana ndi iye kumabweretsa chisangalalo ndi zolimbikitsa.
Titha kunena za ma chipmunks kuti ndi amisala akuluakulu, ali m'magazi awo. Khalidwe ili likuyenera kukumbukiridwa ndi anthu omwe akungoganiza zokhala nawo kunyumba. Pokhala alonda akhama a gawo lawo, ma chipmunks sangakhale ololera kupezeka kwa abale awo ambiri m'khola lomweli. Mikangano pazinthu ngati izi ndizosapeweka.
Mphekesera zili nazo chipmunk chinyama chodzipha. Iwo ati akuganiza kuti atha kumangodzikhomera pakati pa mfundo ziwiri zikapezeka kuti nyumba yawo yawonongeka ndipo palibenso chakudya.
Mtunduwu umauzidwa ndi osaka.Koma palibe umboni uliwonse wasayansi pa izi. Nyama zakuthengo, pamodzi ndi okhalamo, ndiwo ludzu limodzi lalikulu la moyo.
Ndipo sizingakhale nyama zochepa chabe chifukwa chimbalangondo chaphwanya ndi kuba nyumba yake ndikufuna kudzipha. Mwinanso kwinakwake wina atakumana ndi ma cookmunks okufa atapachikidwa pang'ono, ndiye kuti mwina inali ngozi yopanda pake komanso yangwiro.
Mwina anthu abwera ndi zopeka ngati izi kuti m'badwo wotsatira uzisamala kwambiri za nyama zamtchire, koma mtunduwu ulibe umboni.
Chipmunk Habitat
Zinyama za taiga chipmunks amakonda makama a mitengo komanso mitengo yayitali. Awa ndimadambo osakanizika. Amafuna udzu wakuda, mitengo yakugwa, mizu ndi chitsa, pakati pake momwe kumakhala kovuta kukonzekeretsa nyumba.
Ma nkhalango ndi m'mbali, zigwa za mitsinje, malo okhala nkhalango - awa ndi malo omwe mungapezeko nyama zazing'onozi zosangalatsa. M'mapiri, amangopezeka malo omwe kuli nkhalango. Sindikonda chipmunks nyama nkhalango mapaki ndi madambo.
Nyama iliyonse imamanga yakeyokha. Amatha kukhala pafupi kwambiri, koma palibe m'modzi wa iwo amene amalola abale awo kulowa m'gawo lawo. Amakonda kukhala okha, koma kuchokera kumidzi yokhayokha iyi nthawi zina amapeza magulu akuluakulu enieni.
Mutha kukumana ndi ambiri a iwo m'minda ya phala. Koma zitha kuwoneka koyamba kuti chisokonezo chonse komanso chisokonezo chikuchitika mozungulira iwo. M'malo mwake, chipmunk chilichonse chimakhala ndi gawo lawomwe losankhidwa, lopyola malire ake omwe ndi osafunika komanso onenepa. Nthawi zambiri kutsutsana ndi maziko a izi, mikangano imabuka pakati pa nyama.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti ma chipmunks ndi adyera. Koma amagula zakudya zochulukirapo kuposa zomwe amafunikira. Izi zimangodziwika ngati nyama zazikulu. Pafupifupi nthawi yonseyi kuyambira theka lachiwiri la Ogasiti, amangomaliza kuchita zomwe amapaka m'masaya awo.
Nthawi yayitali, pali omwe amakhala ndi njala yayikulu ndikuwuka kuti adye. Chipmunks akugwira ntchito m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Pakatikati, kutuluka kwawo kumabisika kumadera osiyanasiyana nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Zimatengera momwe dziko limatentemera pamwamba pa mzere. Kumene zonsezi zimachitika kwambiri, ndipo nyama zimadzuka mwachangu.
Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti nyengo zimasinthanso. Ma chipmunks alibe chochita koma kubisanso mdzenje lawo ndikudikirira kuti nyengo ithe. Ngati tilingalira za mtundu wa autumn ndi masika, ndiye kuti pali kusiyana pakati pawo.
Masika ndi owopsa komanso osagwira ntchito. Amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi burrawo wawo ndi basch pamdzuwa m'malo mwa kuyika ndi kuthamanga, monga momwe ma chipmunks amachitira nthawi yophukira.
M'chilimwe amayamba kusewera komanso kusewera. Kutentha kwakukulu kumakonda kudikirira mumink awo ozizira. Kuchokera kwa adani anu chipmunk chimathawa mwachangu osati kunyumba kwanu. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chitsamba chowongoka kapena mtengo pothawirako. Conco acotsa adaniwo kudzenje.
Chipmunks: chithunzi, mawonekedwe
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala magawo atatu a chipmunks:
- Siberian (Asia) wokhala ku Siberia, Far East, Urals, Kumpoto kwa Europe ku Russia. Zili ndi mtundu umodzi wa Tamias sibiricus.
Chipmunk Tamias sibiricus
- East American (kummawa), wokhala North-East North America. Mulinso mtundu umodzi wa Tamias striatus,
East American Chipmunk Tamias striatus
- Subgenus wachitatu - Neotamias, mitundu yambiri yomwe imakhala pagombe lakumadzulo kwa North America.
Nyama ndi yaying'ono: kutalika mpaka 17 cm, mchira - mpaka 12 cm, kulemera - mpaka 110 g. Kamvekedwe kake ka utoto ndi kofiyira, pamimba pali imvi.Chojambula chokongoletsera chachikulu cha chipmunk ndi mikwaso 5 yayitali yakuda ndi mchira wowoneka bwino, ngakhale siwofatsa ngati wa gologolo. Miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yotalikirapo kuposa kutsogolo.
Chipmunks, monga gopher, hamsters ndi makoswe ena, ali ndi matumba otentha osawoneka ndi maso pomwe alibe, ndipo amatupa ngati nyama yaying'ono yolira ikuphika chakudya china kumeneko. Pa chithunzicho, chipmunk chokhala ndi matumba ataya.
Chipmunks ndi nyama zomwe zimachepetsa, maso awo akuluakulu, akumwetulira pang'ono amapatsa nyama mwayi wowonera. Ndi maso omwe amatenga gawo lalikulu poteteza kwa adani achilengedwe, ndipo chilombocho chimakhala ndi makutu ambiri - mbalame za nyama, agwape, nkhandwe, abambo, ndi ena otero.
Mitundu yonse ya ma chipmunks ndi ofanana pamakhalidwe komanso mawonekedwe, ochepa mitundu ndi kukula. Nthawi zambiri mtundu wotchedwa “yoyera” (osasakanikirana ndi ma alubino) womwe umayamba chifukwa cha gense recessive.
Mawonekedwe
Chipmunk ndichochepa. Thupi la makoswe ndi lalitali, ndipo mchira wake ndiwofeweka komanso wautali, wolemera masentimita 8-12. Chipmunks amakula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 14 mpaka 17, ndipo amayeza kuchokera 40 mpaka 120 magalamu, kutengera mtundu.
Chipmunk aku Asia.
Mawonekedwe akutsogolo a Chipmunks amafupika kuposa miyendo yawo yakumbuyo. Mitundu yonse ya ma chipmunks imakhala ndi gawo logwirizanitsa - mikwingwirima yakuda kumbuyo, yopatulidwa ndi mikwingwirima ya mtundu woyera kapena wa imvi. Khungu lotsala ndi taupe kapena tana.
Chovala ndichachifupi komanso chambiri. Chipmunks amasintha mitundu nthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka. Kukhetsa kumachitika chaka chilichonse kuyambira Julayi mpaka Sepemba. Makutu a chipmunks ndi ang'onoang'ono popanda manyani. Ndolo zili ndi mataya amaya.
Chipmunks ndi zolengedwa zokongola kwambiri.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Kuthamangira nyama kumayambira pambuyo pa hibernation. Pakadali pano, mutha kumva china chake ngati kulira kwamaluwa achikazi. Chifukwa chake, amamveketsa bwino amuna kuti ali okonzeka kukhwima.
Pambuyo pa kukhwima, kumachitika pakati, komwe kumatenga pafupifupi mwezi umodzi ndikutha ndi kubadwa kwa ana 3-6 akhungu ndi anazi. Kukula kwa ubweya wawo ndikokulira kwambiri kwakuti patatha masiku 14 chovala ubweya weniweni komanso wokongola umaonekera mu chipmunks.
Pambuyo pa milungu itatu, maso awo amatseguka. Ndipo kwinakwake mu tsiku la 120-150, pang'onopang'ono akuchoka kwawo. Chipmunks amatha kutha msinkhu ali ndi miyezi 11. Nyama zimakhala pafupifupi zaka 10.
Makhalidwe a Chipmunks ndi zakudya
Chipmunks amakhala m'malo okhala mitengo. Abisala pakati pa nthambi ndi nthambi za mitengo yakugwa ndi mafunde. Chipmunks amakhala pafupi ndi madzi, chifukwa chipmunks nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mitengo pafupi ndi mitsinje ndi mitsinje.
Chipmunks ndi nyama zochulukirapo, amaphera zikwanje zawo ndi zakudya, mpaka malo angalole.
Chipmunks kukumba mabowo mobisa, ngakhale kuti amatha kukwera mitengo moyenera. Nyumbayo ikakonzeka, chipmunkcho chimanyamula nthaka m'mataya mwake kutalikirana kwambiri ndi bowo kotero kuti zimawavuta kwa adani kuti azikhalamo.
Chipmunks chimakhala chotalika. Mdzenje pali malo odyerapo, zipinda zingapo zosungiramo katundu ndi maumboni angapo akhungu omwe ma chipmunks amagwiritsa ntchito ngati zimbudzi. Chipmunks ali ndi masamba ndi udzu. Apa nyamayi imakhala bwino panthawi yozizira. Akazi amagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso za kamera kupanga.
Izi makoko ndi nyama zotchedwa herbivorous.
Chipmunks chimagwira masana, koma dzuwa likatuluka pachisa, amasaka pobisalira kapena masamba. Munkhalango zowirira zokhala ndi mthunzi wambiri, ma chipmunks amadya masana onse masana.
Kukayamba kuzizira, ma chipmunks amatha kulowa pansi pang'ono, ndiye kuti sasiya mabowo konse. Chipmunks amagona kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Marichi.
Nyama zabwinozi zimayamba kutolera zakudya m'mwezi wa Ogasiti. Amadzaza m'masitolo awo ndi mtedza, ma acorn, mbewu zakutchire, oats, bowa ndi tirigu. Poterepa, zinthu zonse zimasungidwa pa zinyalala zouma mosiyanasiyana.Chiwerengero chonse cha masheya chotere chimatha kufika ma kilogalamu 5-6.
Chipmunks nthawi zonse amakhala yekha. Ngati wina m'banjamo alowa m'dzenjemo, ndiye kuti mkangano unabuka pakati pa ma chipmunks. Pankhani imeneyi, mu ukapolo, makoko awa amasungidwa m'maselo osiyana.
Chipmunks, ngati agologolo, ndi nyama zokalamba kwambiri.
Momwe ma chipmunks amaberekera
Chipmunks ndi nyama zokhazokha, kungoyambira msambo amuna ndi akazi okhaokha. Wamkazi amatenga pakati 2 pachaka. Ana amabadwa kamodzi m'mwezi wa Meyi, ndipo nthawi ina mu Ogasiti. Chipmunks omwe amakhala m'malo ozizira amangokhala ndi zinyalala imodzi.
Njira yoyembekezera imatenga mwezi umodzi, pambuyo pake ana 4-5 amabadwa. Nthawi zina, amabereka ana 10 mpaka kubadwa. Makanda obadwa kumene amakhala akhungu ndi amaliseche, maso awo atatseguka patatha mwezi umodzi wobadwa.
Amayi amadyetsa mkaka wa chipmunks kwa miyezi iwiri. Kukula kwachichepere kumasiya amayi kale pamwezi wachitatu wa moyo. Ndipo mchaka choyamba cha moyo, ma chipmunks amakhala okhwima. Kuthengo, ma chipmunks, monga lamulo, samakhala ndi zaka zopitilira 3, koma ali mu ukapolo awa makatani amakhala mpaka zaka 7-10.
Ndi njira yoyenera, chipmunk imatha kuwonongeka mosavuta.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Mwachidule, zakudya zamasamba ndizabwino kwambiri m'zakudya za nyama. Ndi tizilombo tomwe timakhala mokhazikika omwe amasankha. Chipmunks amakonda kwambiri bowa, mitengo ya m'nkhalango ndi paini, ma acorn, zitsamba, mphukira zazing'ono, masamba ndi mbewu za zipatso, zipatso, chimanga, nandolo, njere za mpendadzuwa, fulakesi, chimanga ndi zopangira zipatso.
Nthawi zina amatha kusangalala ndi ma apricots, plums, nkhaka. Nyama izi mobwerezabwereza zakhala zazikulu m'mafilimu ambiri. Chitsanzo chosangalatsa cha izi ndi zojambulajambula "Alvin ndi Chipmunks ».
Komanso, nyama zowoneka zowoneka bwinozi ndizotchuka kwambiri kotero chithunzi cha chipmunk imatha kuwoneka m'manja ndi m'mizinda ina, mwachitsanzo Volchansk ndi Krasnoturinsk.
Chipmunk chanyama ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono; ndi wachibale wa gologolo. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa nyama yamizirayi ndi abale ake? Kodi amakhala kuti ndipo amadya chiyani?
Pali mitundu 24 ya ma chipmunks, 23 omwe amakhala ku North America ndi mtundu umodzi wokha ku Eurasia. Pali ma chipmunks ambiri ku America; amakhala ku Mexico ndi Alaska. Makoswe ambiri amakhala ku North America.
Chipmunks zakuEurope zidakhala malo akulu kuchokera kumadera aku Europe ku Russia kupita kumpoto kwa China, Korea ndi Japan. Chipmunks amakhalanso ku Central Europe, amabweretsedwa kumeneko monga ziweto, koma nthumwi zina zinathawa ndipo zinayamba kuthengo.
Adani a Chipmunk
Pakabuka zoopsa, ma chipmunks amatulutsa mluzu, kenako nkukhala pamiyendo yawo yam'mbuyo ndikuyang'ana pozungulira. Ngoziyo ikauma, nyamayo imatsika, mwinanso imathawa mwachangu. Chipmunks amapulumutsidwa pangozi, monga lamulo, pamitengo kapena nkhuni zakufa.
Popeza ma chipmunks ndi ochepa, pali anthu ambiri omwe amadyera omwe akufuna kudya nawo makoswewa. Zinyama zodya nyama zazing'ono komanso mbalame zimadyera pa chipmunks.
Ali akapolo, ma chipmunks amatha kusinthasintha. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, ma chipmunks amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Izi makoko amazisanja mosavuta ndi anthu.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Chipmunks: malo okhalamo
Chipmunks amakhala m'nkhalango zowuma, zowuma komanso zosakanikirana, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kumapiri, m'mbali, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, m'malo ovuta kwambiri a nkhalangoyi. Amakhala m'mapiri mpaka pakugawidwa kwa nkhalango. Pewani nkhalango zam'minda yopanda mapiri komanso yopanda mafunde, komanso yonyowa. Chipmunk chakummawa nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pamiyala ndi poyala miyala.
M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, ma chipmunks amadya kwambiri mbewu zamtchire zosiyanasiyana komanso zolimidwa, nthawi ndi nthawi amasinthanitsa zakudya zawo ndi tizilombo komanso timbewu tambiri. Nyama zimakwera mitengo mwangwiro, ndi pamitengo yomwe zimatulutsa zofunikira zambiri.
Mu udzu wandiweyani, pansi pa mitengo yomwe idagwa, mizu yake ndi chitsa chake zimakumbanso mabowo okhala ndi zipinda zambiri, kubisala khomo pakati pa nthambi zamiyala ndi miyala.
Nyama iliyonse imakhala ndi nyumba yosiyana, nthawi zambiri malowa a chipmunks amakhala pafupi, kapenanso pafupi kwambiri - nyama zimatha kupanga magulu onse. Koma ndi chikhalidwe chawo, nyama izi ndizosowa. Chilichonse chimakhala ndi chiwembu chake, ndipo kuphwanya malire a chomalizachi kumabweretsa nkhondo zolusa. M'minda ya tirigu nthawi zambiri kumatha kukumana ndi ma chipmunks ambiri, koma aliyense wa iwo amayesabe kutsimikiza kudzipatula - nyama zimayika malo awo ndi mkodzo kapena fungo lamthupi, zomwe zimachoka ndikutikita m'mimba zawo pansi. Chipmunks amayang'anira mosamala kuti mnansiyo suphwanya malire.
Chipmunk chake chimakhala ndi zonse zofunikira: khomo lolowera, chipinda chogona, chipinda chochezera komanso chimbudzi. Chipinda chogona chimakhala chaching'ono. Malo ogulitsira amasunga zakudya m'nyengo yachisanu - mbewu, chimanga, zipatso, mtedza, nyama iliyonse yolemera 100 g imatenga chakudya chokwanira mpaka kilogalamu ziwiri mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu.
Zikuwonekeratu kuti kilogalamu imodzi yopanga chakudya izikhala yokwanira nthawi yozizira, koma nzeru sizingolole kuti mbeyo ikhale pomwepo ndipo imapangitsa kuti ziweto zizikhala bwino, komanso ndizabwino koposa. Rentti yoyera imasamala mosamala zakudyazo ndikuzikulunga m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Chipmunks amayamba kugwira ntchito mgawo lachiwiri la Ogasiti. Masheya amatengedwa, monga chakudya chokhazikika, m'matumba a masaya, nthawi zambiri chimakwirira mitunda yoposa kilomita.
Nyama zimabisala kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Epulo, pafupifupi kudera lonse. Nthawi yonseyi amakhala kumapeto kwa dzenje lawo, nthawi zina podzuka kuti adye. Pa hibernation, monga lamulo, chipmunks samadya zonse zomwe zimasungidwa, kusiya ambiri a iwo mumvula yamvula. Ngati chiweto chilichonse chiwononga nkhokwe (makamaka chimakhala ndi tchimolo), ndiye kuti nthawiyo yozizira imatha kutaya nyamayo.
Mphekesera zimanenanso kuti ma chipmunks ndi nyama zodzipha, akuyenera kuti zimapachikidwa pamitengo ngati mabango awo awonongeka. Komabe, izi ndizoposanso chabe kuposa nthano za osaka a ku Siberia. Chizolowezi chodzisungira chokha chimapangidwa kwambiri mu nyama, ndipo sipangakhale zinthu monga "kudzipha".
Ma chipmunks atatuluka hibernation, amayamba mpikisano. Munthawi imeneyi, zazikazi zimalengeza zamkati mwawo, zimatcha amuna okhala ndi mawu amtundu wofanana ndi whidi.
Nthawi ya bere ya mkazi ndi masiku 30- 30. Nthawi zambiri ana 3 mpaka 6 amabadwa, nthawi zambiri ochulukirapo. Burundi amabadwa ali khungu ndipo alibe malaya, koma chovalacho chimakula mwachangu kotero kuti patatha milungu iwiri chibadwire, nyama iliyonse imadzakhala mwini ubweya wanamizeremizere. Pafupifupi patsiku la makumi awiri la moyo, ana amatsegula maso awo. Ndipo pakatha milungu 4-5, nthawi yodyetsa ikatha, amasiya kaye dzenje. Nyama zimatha kutha msanga - mochedwa - wazaka 11 miyezi.
Pakati pa makoswe onse, ma chipmunks mwina ndi oyenera kwambiri pantchito ya ziweto.
Chipmunk ngati chiweto
Monga chipmunk cha ziweto chili ndi zabwino zambiri. Nyama sikufuna malo ambiri, ilibe fungo la "mbewa", imadziwika ndi ukhondo (ndikokwanira kuyeretsa khola kamodzi pa sabata), ndipo koposa zonse, chipmunk chimagwira ntchito masana ndikugona mwamtendere usiku, zomwe zimayerekeza bwino ndi makoswe ena ambiri omwe amatsogolera moyo wamadzulo. Kusamalira chipmunk si kolemetsa, ndipo simuyenera kukhwimitsa ubongo wanu pakakonzedwe ka chakudyacho - chipmunk ndichosangalatsa, ndikosavuta kuchipatsanso chakudya.
Chipmunk ndikudalira ndipo imayanjana mosavuta ndi munthu. Kuti muchepetse, mumangofunika kumudyetsa pafupipafupi ndi manja anu. Zowona, ngati simusamala kwa iye kwakanthawi, maluso onse adzayiwalika, ndipo mudzayeneranso kukhazikitsa "ubale wabwino".
Panyumba, chipmunk chimatha kukhala ndi zaka khumi, pomwe zachilengedwe sizikhala zaka zambiri - zosaposa zaka zitatu kapena zinayi.
Mwa zolakwa zitha kudziwika kuti zitha kugwera munyumba ndi kuzunza abale nthawi yozizira ngati vuto likadachitika. Mwachilengedwe, kubisala kwa nyama izi kumatenga nthawi yophukira mpaka kumapeto kwa Marichi. Chipmunks omwe amakhala munyumba nthawi imeneyi amayamba kuchepera. Zimachitika kuti kwa nthawi yayitali sasiya nyumba zawo, koma nthawi zina amadzuka kuti atambasule mafupa awo ndikudzitsitsimutsa. Kuphatikiza apo, nyamazo ndizolakalaka kwambiri, motero simungathe kuzilola kuchoka mu khola ndikuzisiya osazisamalira.
Kuphatikiza Chipmunks
Amayi amakhala limodzi mosavuta, koma amuna akakhala pamodzi, mikangano nthawi zambiri imalephera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti amuna ndi akazi aziikidwa mu khola lomwelo pokhapokha ngati akufuna kubereka. Ngati mukufuna kubereka chipmunks, musatenge ana kwa zinyalala imodzi!
Kufunitsitsa, komwe kumakhala mwachilengedwe, kuti asunge zomwe amapereka kuchokera kwa achibale kumafotokozera ubale wa chipmunks wina ndi mnzake. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, nyamazo zimasinthidwa mwamtendere, nthawi zina mu nthawi imeneyi banja kapena makoswe amatha kusungidwa m'khola limodzi (ngakhale kuli kwabwino kuti asachite izi). Koma pofika kumapeto kwa Ogasiti - Seputembala, amakhala osalolera kwambiri oyandikana nawo ndipo amakhala akumenyana nthawi zonse. Zimachitika kuti nthawi imeneyi ubale ndi eni ake amayamba kuwonongeka, chifukwa ma chipmunks amafunika kutetezedwa kwa "akunja" nthawi yozizira.
Chipmunks Makomo
Chipmunks - nyama ndizabwino kwambiri komanso zimagwira ntchito, mwachilengedwe mu 1 ora amatha kuthamanga mtunda wopitilira 12 km. Pofuna kukwaniritsa kufunikira kwa ziweto zotere, khola liyenera kukhala lalikulu mokwanira - osachepera 50 cm, 50 cm mulifupi ndi 100 cm kutalika. Kutalika kwa mita ndikofunikira, monga ma chipmunks amakonda kukwera. Ngati khola lili ndi nyama ziwiri, kukula kwa khola kuyenera kuchuluka mwina kawiri.
Khola liyenera kukhala lachitsulo ndi ndodo zokhala ndi ma nickel, mtunda pakati pa ndodo sioposa masentimita 1.5. Mkati mwa khola, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa nthambi zomwe nyamayo ikhoza kukwera. Nyumba yogona ndi chowonjezera china chofunikira, makulidwe ake osachepera 15 cm 15x15 cm, mainchesi a kulowamo ndi osachepera 3 cm.Ndibwino ngati nyumbayo ili yopangidwa ndi mitengo. Ngati ziweto zingapo zimasungidwa m'khola, pamenepo aliyense azigawirana nyumba ina. Kuti uchotsere mosavuta, pansi pa khola mutha kupangidwira ngati chojambula. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito peat ngati zinyalala, ndipo utuchi ndizoyenera.
Onetsetsani kuti pali odyetserako, mbale yothira mpira yodziwikiratu ndi gudumu lothamanga mumkola (sankhani gudumu kuchokera masentimita 18, komanso malo olimba).
Ngakhale pali malo okwanira okwanira komanso okhala ndi chilichonse chofunikira m'nyumba, ma chipmunks nthawi ndi nthawi amafunika kutulutsidwa m'khola poyenda, apo ayi amakhala ndi mayendedwe ofanana - nyamayo imadumpha kuchokera pansi kupita kukhoma la khola, kuyambira khoma mpaka kudenga komanso pansi. Ndipo mopanda malire. Khalidwe ili la chipmunk likuwonetsa kuti alibe malo okhala okwanira. Koma musaiwale kuti poyenda chilombo chofunafuna mumafunikira maso ndi maso!
Chipmunks sichitha kulekerera kutentha ndipo imatha kufa chifukwa chotentha kwambiri, chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kusungira khola pamalo otetezedwa. Koma dzuwa siliyenera kukhala lopanda chilichonse chiweto. Nthawi zina, m'mawa, dzuwa lisanalowe, mutha kuyika khola pawindo. Payenera kukhala malo m'khola momwe nyama imabisala dzuwa.
Kutetezedwa
Monga tanena kale, chilengedwe chimakonzedwa kotero kuti nthawi zachilengedwe nthawi yachisanu, chipmunks hibernate. Ziphuphu zikasungidwa kunyumba, hibernation sizingachitike, makamaka ngati nyamazo zimasungidwa kutentha nthawi zonse.Ndiye kuti chiweto chimayamba kugwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri chimachoka kwawo. Koma ngati muli ndi nyama ziwiri, ndipo chilimwe chikubwera mukafuna kutenga ana kuchokera kwa iwo, hibernation ifunika kukonzedwa mwakachepetsa kutentha mchipinda momwe ziweto zimasungidwira + 5 + 10 C. Umu ndi momwe thupi lanyama ili, popanda kubisala kwa mkazi, mawonekedwe a ana zosatheka.
Kudyetsa Chipmunk
Chakudya chathunthu cha chipmunk chimakhala ndi chakudya chouma komanso chamafuta chamafuta okhala ndi zowonjezera zochepa zama protein a nyama.
Gawo la chakudya chouma pakudya la makoswe likhale pafupifupi 70%. Masiku ano m'masitolo apadera mutha kupeza zakudya zopangidwa ndi chipmunks, ndipo chosakaniza chopangira squirrels kapena hamsters chingawakomere. Koma ndibwino kusankha zomwe opanga odziwika, odalirika, mwachitsanzo Fiory, Padovan, Beaphar. Zakudya izi zimakupatsirani makoswe anu pafupi ndi chilichonse chomwe mungafune.
Chipmunks ndiwosangalala kudya mitundu yonse ya mtedza. Koma zindikirani kuti nyama sizingapatsidwe ma amondi - zimakhala ndi hydrocyanic acid. Mtedza, kupatula mkungudza, perekani peeled. Oatmeal, mbewu, ma acorn, mbewu monga chimanga, mphukira zamitengo - zonsezi ndi chakudya chabwino komanso chothandiza cha chiweto chanu chovunda.
Zakudya zowutsa mudyo - magawo obiriwira a zipatso, zipatso, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba - zimayenera kukhala pafupifupi 30% za nyama.
Zipatso ndi chakudya chobiriwira ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi kupendedwa bwino, chifukwa nyama zimatha kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Kawiri pa sabata, chiweto chokhala ndi mamba chimapatsidwa zowonjezera za protein. Muli izi, ma crickets, zifobos, mphutsi zaufa, ziwala, ma slgs ndizoyenera. Anthu ena samasilira kulawa tchizi chamafuta ochepa, mazira, nkhuku yophika (nyama yamafuta ndi nkhuku siziyenera kuperekedwa).
Ngakhale kuti nyamayo imatha kudya chilichonse chomwe sichingamupatse, chakudya kuchokera pagome la munthu, monga soseji, maswiti, ndi zina. posakhalitsa zimabweretsa mavuto azaumoyo. Chipmunks, monga makoswe ambiri, amazipaka utoto, wophika, wamchere, wowawasa, wotsekemera (kupatula dontho la uchi, lomwe nthawi zina limatha kupendekedwa ndi chiweto), mchere, zonunkhira ndi mankhwala osungira.
Musaiwale, nthawi zonse pamayenera kukhala madzi abwino azikola.
Onani nthawi zonse zomwe zimapezeka kuti chipmunk chimapezeka. Mwa kuchuluka kwa masheya, mutha kudziwa ngati chipmunk ilandila chakudya chokwanira.
Ngati mungaganize zokhala ndi bambo wokongolayu panyumba, ndiye kuti sitikukulimbikitsani kuti mugule chipmunk kuchokera m'manja mwanu kapena kumsika wa mbalame - ndizotheka kuti zibweretse nyama yodwala komanso yamtchire kunyumba. Ndikwabwino kupatula nthawi kufunafuna woweta wabwino - kuti mupeze chipmunk chopatsa thanzi, komanso kuwonjezera, mutha kupeza upangiri woyenera pakusamalira ndi kukonza.
M'mabanja onse agologolo, mwina, ndi ma chipmunks omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Ngakhale ubale wapansi ndi pansi ndi gopher, chipmunk akadali ngati agologolo ang'ono.
Khalidwe la Chipmunk
Uyu ndiye munthu wodzipangira yekha yemwe amavomereza mnzake kuti azigwirizana naye panthawi yophunzitsira. Nthawi zina, chipmunk chimakhala chokha ndipo chimangodya chokha, chimaswa chimacho (mahekitala 1-3) posaka chakudya. Imadziwika kuti ndi nyama yokhazikika, yosasunthira kutali ndi nyumba ndi 0.1-0.2 km. Koma nyama zina zimayenda maulendo ataliatali, zimafikira 1.5 km nthawi yakukhwima ndi 1-2 km posunga chakudya.
Amakwera mitengo mwangwiro ndikuwuluka kuchokera kumodzi kupita kwina pamtunda wa 6 m, mochenjera kudumphira pansi kuchokera kumtunda wa mita 10. Ngati ndi kotheka, nyamayo imathamanga makilomita 12 pa ola limodzi. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'maenje, koma zisa pakati pamiyala, komanso m'maenje osakhazikika ndi chitsa chowola, zimamanga zisa. Dzenje la chilimwe ndi chipinda chimodzi chakuya kwa theka la mita (nthawi zina mpaka 0,7 m), njira yomwe imatsogolera.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Mu nthawi yozizira, kuchuluka kwa zipinda zopindilira kawiri: m'munsi (pakuya kwa 0.7-1.3 m) kumaperekedwa kwa pantry, ndipo kumtunda (pakuya kwa 0.5-0.9 m) kusinthidwa kuti chipinda chogona chizikhala ndi madipatimenti ozungulira.
Kuzizira, chipmunk chimayenda ndipo chimabisala, kudzuka kuti chikwaniritse njala komanso kugona tulo. Njira yotuluka hibernation imalumikizidwa ndi nyengo. Pamaso pa ena, makoswe amadzuka, omwe mabango awo amangidwa m'malo otentha, omwe, komabe, sawalepheretsa kuti abwerere pansi ndi kuzizira kwadzidzidzi. Apa akudikirira kuyambika kwa masiku ofunda, olimbikitsidwa ndi zotsalira za m'matangadza.
Nora amagwiritsanso ntchito pobisalira nthawi yamvula, koma tsiku lomalizira bwino, chipmunk chimachoka kunyumba mwachangu, dzuwa litatuluka, kuti asatenthedwe ndi kutentha. Pambuyo pa tulo tokhala mdzenje, nyamazo zimabweranso pansi ndikuyang'ana chakudya kale dzuwa lisanalowe. Masana, ndi ma chipmunks okha omwe amakhala m'malo otentha kwambiri omwe samabisala pansi.
Kututa chakudya
Chipmunks ikukonzekera mwapang'onopang'ono zakudya poyembekeza hibernation yayitali, osakhutitsidwa ndi mphatso za m'nkhalango ndikuwononga mbewu. Nzosadabwitsa kuti makoswewo amatchulidwa kuti ndi tizilombo toopsa taulimi, makamaka m'malo omwe minda yomwe imagwirizana ndi nkhalango: kuno chipmunks amatuta mbewu yotsiriza.
Pazaka zambiri, nyamayo yapanga machitidwe ake otuta tirigu, zomwe zimawoneka ngati:
- Ngati mkatewo sunali wakuda kwambiri, chipmunk chimapeza phesi lolimba kenako, ndikumakwatula, ndikudumpha.
- Phesi limakhota, ndipo mbowo imakwawa, ndikugwira ndi miyendo yake ndikufikirira khutu.
- Amaluma khutu ndipo amasankha mbewu mwachangu, ndikupinda m'matumba.
- M'minda yayikulu (komwe nkosatheka kuseketsa udzu), chipmunk chija chimaluma kuyambira pansi mpaka kufikira khutu.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Chilichonse chomwe chimamera m'nkhalango komanso chomwe chimabera m'minda yolimidwa: bowa, mtedza, ma acorn, maapulo, njere zamtchire, mpendadzuwa, zipatso, tirigu, buckwheat, oats, fulakesi komanso osati kugwera mmalo a chipmunks okha.
Kugwirizana kogulitsa konse sikumayimiridwa kamodzi, koma kusankhidwa kwawo kumakhala kosangalatsa. Monga wogwira ntchito mokangalika, chipmunk chimapereka mitundu, ndikuzilekanitsa ndi udzu kapena masamba. Kulemera konse kwa chisanu chakudya cham'matumbo kumakongoletsa amodzi ndi makilogalamu 5-6.
Habitat, malo okhala
Mitundu yambiri ya mitundu 25 ya Tamias yomwe imakhala ku North America, ndi Tamias sibiricus m'modzi yekha (waku Asia, wotchedwanso Chipmunk wa ku Siberia) yemwe amapezeka ku Russia, ndipo makamaka, kumpoto kwa gawo lake ku Europe, Urals, Siberia ndi Far East. Kuphatikiza apo, chipmunk cha Siberian chidawoneka pachilumba cha Hokkaido, ku China, ku Peninsula ya Korea, komanso kumadera aku kumpoto kwa Europe.
Mitundu itatu ya chipmunks yapadera:
- Siberian / Asia - mulinso mitundu yokhayo ya Tamias sibiricus,
- East American - yoimiridwanso ndi mtundu umodzi wa Tamias striatus,
- Neotamias - muli mitundu 23 yomwe imakhala kumadzulo kwa North America.
Zokongoletsera zomwe zidaphatikizidwa pamitundu iwiri yomaliza zakhala zikuyenda kumpoto konse kwa America kuchokera pakatikati pa Mexico mpaka ku Arctic Circle. Chipmunk ya ku East America, monga dzinali limatanthauzira, imakhala kum'mawa kwa America. Makoko amtchire omwe adatha kuthawa pamafamu achinyama adamera m'magawo angapo apakati pa Europe.
Zofunika! Chipmunk ya Kummawa yozolowera kukhala pakati pa miyala ndi miyala, mitundu yotsalayo imakonda nkhalango (zotentha, zosakanikirana komanso zowola).
Nyama zimapewa madambo, komanso malo otseguka komanso nkhalango zazitali kumene kulibe udzu kapena zitsamba. Ndibwino ngati pali mitengo yakale m'nkhalango yokhala ndi korona wamphamvu, koma osati mitengo yayitali ya msondodzi, chitumbuwa cha mbalame kapena birch. Chipmunks ikhoza kupezekanso m'magawo atali m'nkhalangomo momwe muli mphepete mwa madzi / mitengo yakufa, zigwa za mitsinje, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, komanso m'malo ambiri odula.
Zakudya za Chipmunk
Zakudya za makoswe zimayang'aniridwa ndi zakudya zam'mera, zomwe zimathandizidwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndi nyama mapuloteni.
Mtundu wa chipmunks udyani:
- mitengo / masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono,
- nthangala za mbewu zaulimi ndipo nthawi zina mphukira zake,
- zipatso ndi bowa,
- mbewu za udzu ndi zitsamba,
- acorn ndi mtedza
- tizilombo
- nyongolotsi zam'madzi,
- mazira mbalame.
Chipmunks akuyendayenda pafupi adzauzidwa za zakudya zotsalira - ma cnawed cones of conifers ndi hazel / mtedza wa mkungudza.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Chowonadi chakuti chinali chipmunk chikukondwerera pano, osati gologolo, chikuwonetsedwa ndi zazing'ono, komanso zinyalala zomwe zatsalira - zokhala mumiyala ya "mbewu" zazitali zozungulira zofanana ndi barberry.
Zokongoletsa zam'maso za makoswe sizimangokhala pazomera zamtchire zokha. Akakhala m'minda ndi minda, amapatula chakudya chake ndi zikhalidwe monga:
- mbewu zamphesa
- chimanga
- bulwheat
- nandolo ndi fulakesi
- ma apricots ndi ma plums,
- mpendadzuwa
- nkhaka.
Ngati chakudya chatha, ma chipmunks amapita kukafunafuna chakudya kuminda ndi minda yoyandikana nayo. Kubzala mbewu za tirigu, zimayambitsa zowonongeka kwa alimi. Kukhazikitsidwa kuti kusunthika kosasinthika kwakukulu nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mbewu zamtunduwu, monga mitengo ya mkungudza.
Chipmunk yaku Asia kapena ku Siberian (Latin Tamias sibiricus) ndi chinyama chazikulu za mtundu wa chipmunk wa banja la agologolo. Mitundu yokha ya ma chipmunks omwe amakhala ku Eurasia (ena onse amapezeka ku North America). Nthawi zambiri imasungidwa mu mtundu wina - Eutamias.
Zonse zokhudza chipmunks
Chipmunk ndi chaching'ono (chaching'ono kuposa gologolo wabwinobwino), nyama yochepa thupi yokhala ndi thupi lalitali. Kutalika kwa thupi 12-17 cm, mchira 7-12 cm, kulemera kwa 80-111 g. Lendo ndi lalifupi kuposa agologolo, miyendo yakumbuyo ndiyitali kuposa kutsogolo. Zidendene zimakutidwa ndi tsitsi.
Kupaka utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana: kumbuyo kumaso kwa mtundu wa bulauni kapena utoto wofiirira ndi milozo zisanu zakuda zosiyidwa ndi kuwala. Mimba imayera. Mchira waimera kumtunda, dzimbiri pansi. Tsitsi ndilalifupi, ndi msana wowuma, mtundu sukusintha nthawi ndi nthawi. Chipmunk imatulutsa kamodzi pachaka, mu Julayi-Sepemba. Makutu ndi ang'ono, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, popanda mabulashi omaliza. Pali matumba opukutidwa.
MALO OGWIRA NTCHITO
Chipmunk ndi chimbalangondo nthawi ina anali ochezeka, nthawi zonse amagawana nyama iliyonse. Nthawi zina, chimbalangondo chinkawoneka, kapena kwenikweni chipmunk chidamuyesa kubera, koma adangokwiyitsidwa kwambiri. Chipmunk adazindikira kuti zinthu zitha kutha, ndikugunda kuthamanga. Misha adamugwira ndi dzanja lake lakuthwa, koma adathawa, kumbuyo kwake kunali zala zazingwe zisanu.
Kugawa
Chipmunk yaku Asia ndicofalikira kudera la taiga ku Eurasia: kuchokera kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa gawo la Europe la Russia kupita ku Far East (kuphatikizapo dera la Magadan), North Mongolia, zilumba za Sakhalin ndi Hokkaido. Mpaka zaka 70-80. XX century inasowa ku Kamchatka, idayamba kulembedwa mwachindunji pachilumba cha mitsinje ya Palana ndi Yelovka mu 1983, kumpoto kwa Kamchatka Krai kumakhala nthawi zonse m'zigwa za Vyvenka, Apuk ndi Penzhina, ndizosowa pano. Chipmunk ndicochulukirapo m'nkhalango za mitengo ya mkungudza ku Primorsky Territory, kumene ma chipmunks 200-300 amatha kukhala 1 km² pazaka zabwino.
Kubala Chipmunks
Nthawi yoweta ya chipmunks imagwera pa Epulo - Meyi, atadzuka ku hibernation. Ng'ombe zimabadwa kumapeto kwa Meyi - June pambuyo pamimba wa masiku 30. Unyinji wa ana ndi 3-4 g, amabadwa ali amaliseche ndi khungu. Pakupita masiku angapo, mikwingwirima yakuda imawoneka kumbuyo kwawo. Maso amatseguka masiku 31. Amakhala ndi amayi awo mpaka miyezi iwiri. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 2-3 m'chilengedwe, ukapolo - zaka 5-10.
Mtengo wamunthu
Chipmunk ya ku Siberia imakhala ndi malonda ochepa (khungu limagwiritsidwa ntchito). Kumagawo akummawa kwa mzere, m'malo ena amavulaza mbewu za zokolola, komanso mbewu zam'munda. Ndiwonyamula mwachilengedwe matenda osachepera 8 achilengedwe.
M'zaka zapitazi, pafupifupi mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za 80s, zikopa za chipmunk nthawi zambiri zimabwera ma billets. Ngakhale anali otsika kwambiri - ochepa owerengeka - mtengo wogula, ambiri okhala m'derali adachitapo gawo pochotsa nyama izi. Kuphatikiza apo, omwe anali ambiri pakupha nsomba nthawi zambiri anali ana, ngakhale amayi.Makamaka nyama zambiri zimagwidwa mchilimwe, nthawi yotsika, pomwe anyani amadwala. Monga lamulo, njira zosaka zopanda zida zinagwiritsidwa ntchito - malupu pamatanda oonda (nthawi zambiri ndodo), zibete, mauta.
Zikopa zambiri, zochulukirapo 278,000 (1935), zidagulidwa theka lachiwiri la 30s. zaka zana zapitazo. Pambuyo pake, zopangidwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono koma zimatsika pang'onopang'ono kumapeto kwa zaka za 80s. ayima. Chifukwa chake, mpaka pano, chipmunk sichidatheretu mtundu wamitundu yonse yamalonda.
Chipmunk imasinthidwa mosavuta ndipo imatha kusungidwa ngati chiweto.
Anthu am'deralo amakhulupirira kuti "kulira" kwa chipmunk kumeneku ndi mvula yamkuntho kapena zovuta zina nyengo. Ofufuza ena adalemba za izi pamachitidwe a chipmunks. Kupenyerera kwakutali kumasonyezanso kuti nthawi zambiri, ngakhale sizikhala nthawi zambiri, zitachitika izi chizindikiro cha chipmunk padzakhala nyengo kapena nyengo ina yoyipa.
Kupezeka kwina mu nyama zanyama zodyerazi, zogwira ntchito, zopanda nkhawa zimatsitsimutsa iwo kwambiri. Chipmunk mwina ndi anthu ake odziwika kwambiri a mtunduwu. Ndikoyeneranso kusunga "malo okhala" amalo a ana kapena kunyumba ndi okonda nyama. Komanso nyama yaying'ono yokongola iyi - chipmunk - ndichimodzi mwazinthu zoyamika za oyamba kumene omwe amakonda kujambula nyama zakuthengo komanso nyama zakuthengo.
Heraldry
Nyama yachilendo yamakedzana, yomwe mwa iyo malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi mawonekedwe ake samasiyana ndi gologolo. Onsewa amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mchira wokongola komanso kuwonetseratu kwakanthawi. Chowoneka chapadera cha chiwerengerochi ndi mikwingwirima yayitali kumbuyo, komwe nthawi zambiri imasonyezedwa zakuda. Mwa zina mwa zizindikiro za dera la Sverdlovsk, chipmunk chimapezeka m'mizinda iwiri yoyandikana. “Chipolunk” chagolide wokhala ndi mchira wotalika "chikuwonetsedwa pachiwonetsero cha manja am'chigawo cha mzinda wa Krasnoturinsk monga chifaniziro cha mavomerezi a dzina lakhomalo. "Chipika chagolide chokhala ndi maso akuda ndi mikwingwirima kumbuyo kochokera kuchitsulo chofiyira" chofukizira m'manja mwa mzinda wa Volchansky makamaka chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa nkhalango zozungulira mzindawu, komanso kuchenjera kwawo komanso kuchita kwawo chidwi kwa anthu wamba.
Mu Latin, dzina la chipmunks limalembedwa kuti Tamias. Ponena za dzina la ku Russia, pali mitundu iwiri yoyambira. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi kubwereka ndi kusintha kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha Chitata, pomwe "chipmunk" amalembedwa ngati "boryndyk". Njira yachiwiri ndi kuchokera ku liwu la Mari uromdok, koma pali owerengera ena omwe adasinthidwa.
Chipmunks ndiofalikira ku North America; Mitundu yonse yomwe ilipo imangokhala pokhapokha ngati chipmunk cha ku Asia kapena ku Siberia, chomwe chimapezeka ku Eurasia ndi ku Russia.
Mawonekedwe
Kutengera ndi mtunduwo, nyamazo zimafika masentimita 5 mpaka 15, mchirawo ungakhale kuchokera masentimita 7 mpaka 12. Kulemera kumasiyana 20 mpaka 120 g. Ma chipmunks onse ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana - mikwinglo isanu yomwe ili kumbuyo kumbuyo kutali.
Zingwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mizere yakuda kapena imvi. Tsitsi linalo lonse limatha kukhala lofiirira kapena lofiirira. Chifukwa cha kufanana kwakunja, mitundu yambiri ya ma chipmunks ndi yovuta kusiyanitsa wina ndi mnzake. Pali atatu onse, koma aliyense wa iwo amagawika m'magulu enanso 24, kotero kuti akatswiri okhawo omwe amatha kuthana ndi kukhala a banja linalake.
Kodi chipmunks amakhala kuti? Chithunzi, malo ogawa mitundu
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nyama zambiri zimakhala ku North America. Kugawana kwa ma chipmunks ndikokwanira kotero kuti amapezeka ku Mexico ndi Arctic Circle. Chipmunk chaku America chimakhala kum'mawa kwa North America, komwe kuli mabungwe 23 omwe amakhala kumadzulo.
Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa komwe chipmunk amakhala, komwe zone Russia. Ichi ndi Far East, Magadan Region, Sakhalin Island. Si kawirikawiri, koma amapezeka ku Kamchatka.Koma koposa zonse, adakonda nkhalango za mkungudza komanso zotambalala za Primorsky Territory. Mu zaka zabwino, kuchuluka kwa nyama pa 1 km km ndi 200-300 zidutswa.
Chapakati pa Europe, kuli ma chipmunks omwe adathawa kufamu komwe adaweta, ndipo adatha kuzolowera kuthengo. Mitundu yotsirizayi ndi chipmunk chaching'ono chomwe chimakhala ku Canada.
Habitat
Chipmunks ndi a banja la agologolo ndipo ndi ofanana ndi agologolo. Komabe, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi. Agologolo amakonda kukhala nthawi yayitali pamitengo, pomwe ma chipmunks amakhazikika pansi. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'nkhalango, koma nthawi zina amakhala m'malo opanda matchire.
Nkhalango komwe chipmunk amakhala, komwe zone, zimadalira malowa. Mwachitsanzo, ku America, awa ndi nkhalango zachilengedwe zomwe zili ponseponse ku New England, ku Russia - taiga, ndi Canada - nkhalango zachilengedwe.
Ngakhale kuti ma chipmunks akhazikika pansi, amafunikira mitengo. Monga lamulo, komwe ma chipmunks amakhala, pali zophulika zam'mphepo, mitengo yambiri yakufa, ndipo nthaka idakutidwa ndi mbewu momwe imabisala.
Ndi malo awa omwe ma chipmunks amafunafuna, ndipo ngati mulibe mitengo m'deralo, koma tchire lophimba pansi, ndiye kuti amatha kuzolowera pano. Chofunikira china ndicho kukhalapo kwa dziwe lapafupi. Chifukwa chake, wina ayenera kuyang'ana komwe chipmunks amakhala m'chilengedwe, m'nkhalango - m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nyanja.
Nyumba zodzikongoletsera
Pofuna kupanga nyumba, chipmunk chimadzipukutira dzenje. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufika 3 m, burrows nthawi zonse nthambi. M'dzenjemo nthawi zonse mumakhala nthambi ziwiri zomwe zimatha malekezero akufa - awa ndi zimbudzi za nyamayo.
Nthawi zonse pamakhala zipinda zingapo zosungirako masheya ndi zogona. M'makutu mwake, makatani amayala pansi ndi masamba. Pano iwo amagona nthawi yozizira ndi usiku, komanso pano ana awo amabadwa ndi kukula. Akakumba dzenje, amabisa nthaka kumbuyo kwa masaya awo ndikuchichotsa pamalo omwe amakhala. Chipmunks kuthengo kubisa khomo lolowera kubowo m'njira yabwino. Ili pakati pa mitengo yomata, m'nkhalango zamtchire, pansi pa chitsa chakale. Kupeza mink popanda thandizo la galu kuli kovuta.
Moyo wofunda
Chipmunks amakonda kutentha ndi mvula. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amawonekera nyengo yofunda komanso yachisanu ikakhala yotentha. Kupatula ndi mitundu yomwe imakhala m'malo omwe mumagwa mvula nthawi zonse.
M'nyengo yozizira, nyama zimabisala, koma osati zovuta ngati gopher. Amadzuka nthawi zina ndipo amalimbikitsidwa ndi masheya am'matangadza. Chipmunk amagona, kuyika nkhope yake pamimba kapena kukulunga mchira wake wosinthika.
Kumayambiriro koyambirira, anthu okhala mmink, omwe amakhala pamalo otsetsereka a dzuwa ndipo woyamba kumasulidwa ku chisanu, pitilizani kuyambiranso. Pakadali pano, ma chipmunks adagwirabe ntchito, amakhala maola awiri kapena atatu ali panja ndipo amakonda kusewera dzuwa. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwoneka pamwamba pa mitengo padzuwa.
Panthawi yotere, ma chipmunks samachoka kutali ndi dzenje. Amadya impso pazomera zapafupi kapena amadya masheya amnyengo yachisanu. Dzuwa likatentha, makoswe amatulutsa zonyowa ndi kuziwumitsa padzuwa. Ngati masiku ofunda asinthidwa ndi kuzizira kachiwiri, nyama zimangodumphira ndikudikirira masika enieni.
M'chilimwe, kunja kukutentha, ma chipmunks amatuluka mumlengalenga mokwanira, koma kotero kuti dziko lapansi limatentha. Amagwira ntchito yawo dzuwa lisanatenthe, njira yachiwiri yotuluka imakhala madzulo. M'malo omwe nyengo imakhala yotentha nthawi zonse ndipo palibe kutentha kapena kuzizira, ma chipmunks amatha kuwoneka tsiku lonse. Mu nthawi yophukira, nyama zimakwawa kuchokera m'maenje awo mzimu ukadzuka. Izi zimapitilira mpaka kuzizira kwathunthu.
Nyama sizilekerera mvula ndipo imakondwera nazo. M'malo omwe ma chipmunks amakhala, maola ochepa mvula isanayambike, amayamba kuponderezedwa ndikupanga mawu apadera omwe amakhala osiyana ndi "makambitsirano" awo.
Chotuluka
Chipmunks amakonda kukhala okha komanso kuteteza nyumba zawo mwachangu. Nthawi zina, amalankhulana ndi anyamata kapena atsikana, ndipo pambuyo pake ana amawonekera.Izi zimachitika m'mwezi wa Meyi komanso mu Ogasiti. Chapakatikati, mbadwa zisanabadwe, chipmunk imatha kusankha dzenje lakale ngati nyumba, chifukwa sayenera kuganiza za nyengo yachisanu, ndipo pali adani ochepa pamitengo.
Chipmunk imabweretsa kubadwa kamodzi. Chiwerengero cha akhanda ndi anthu 4-8. Achibale awo ochokera ku America amabereka kawiri mpaka atatu ana atatu. Chipmunks amakhala okhwima mwakugonana mchaka chawo choyamba cha moyo. Mu zikhalidwe zamtchire, nyamayo imakhala ndi moyo zaka 3, mutakhala mu ukapolo chiŵerengerochi chimatha kufikira zaka 10.
Chipmunks achinyamata amakhala nthawi yayitali chisa. Akakhala okalamba, amafunafuna zakudya pafupi ndi khomo. Pang'onopang'ono, amayamba kupita mwakuya kuchokera pansi.
Ana ake ali ang'ono, chachikazi sichiri kutali ndi khomo la dzenjelo ndipo, pangozi, imayamba kugwedezeka modabwitsa. Kenako ana amathamangira kumbuyo, akulira.
Masheya amnyengo yachisanu
Masheya a Chipmunk ndi osiyanasiyana. Zakudya zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zimapezeka kuzungulira dzenje lake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Malo amasungidwa nthawi yonse yovuta.
Malinga ndi ofufuza, komwe ma chipmunks amakhala ku Russia, chakudya chawo cha chisanu chimafika pafupifupi kilogalamu 6. Nyama imagawa chakudya chake chonse powonekera, ndipo ngakhale mbewu za zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zimakhala m'mulu wosiyanasiyana. Zakudya zonse zimapindidwa pabedi la udzu kapena masamba, ndipo milu imasanjidwa ndi masamba magawo.
Chosangalatsa ndichachotsa mbewu. Ngati ngala sizikukula pafupi, ndiye kuti nyamayo imafunafuna chomera chokhacho chodumphadumpha. Pakulemera, tsinde limagwada ndipo, litagwira miyendo yake, chipmunkcho chimaluma.
Pambuyo pake, abera mbewuzo, nizibisa m'masaya ndikuthawira kudzenje lake. Ngati makutuwo ali pafupi ndipo palibe njira yoti awasungire, ndiye kuti chipmunk chija chimaluma kenako mpaka chimafikira.
Chipmunk chanyama ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono; ndi wachibale wa gologolo. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa nyama yamizirayi ndi abale ake? Kodi amakhala kuti ndipo amadya chiyani?
Pali mitundu 24 ya ma chipmunks, 23 omwe amakhala ku North America ndi mtundu umodzi wokha ku Eurasia. Pali ma chipmunks ambiri ku America; amakhala ku Mexico ndi Alaska. Makoswe ambiri amakhala ku North America.
Chipmunks zakuEurope zidakhala malo akulu kuchokera kumadera aku Europe ku Russia kupita kumpoto kwa China, Korea ndi Japan. Chipmunks amakhalanso ku Central Europe, amabweretsedwa kumeneko monga ziweto, koma nthumwi zina zinathawa ndipo zinayamba kuthengo.
Kodi chipmunk chimawoneka bwanji?
Chipmunks ndi amtundu wa makoswe ochokera ku banja la agologolo. Kutalika kwa thupi lawo kufika masentimita 17, ndipo kutalika kwa mchira - 12 sentimita, kulemera kwa thupi - osapitilira 100 magalamu. Kumbuyo, nyama zimakhala ndi maulalo 5 amtundu wakuda kapena zingwe zakuda zomwe sizimalola kuti zisokonezeke ndi cholengedwa china. Makutu awo ndi ang'ono, owoneka pang'ono, ali ndi mawonekedwe, tsitsi limakhala lalifupi komanso lolimba. Chipmunks amadziwika ndi mapaya otentha kwambiri pomwe amasungira m'matangadza awo.
Mukayang'ana zolengedwa izi, simungangothandiza koma kumwetulira. Ndipo, ngwazi zoseketsa zojambula zojambula za ana Chip ndi Dale zimakumbukira. Mwa njira, analinso ma chipmunks ...
Kufotokozera kwamachitidwe a chipmunks kunyumba
Mwa zokongoletsera zonse zakutchire, ma chipmunks ndizoyenera kwambiri kuchitira ziweto. Ali ndi chovala chanzeru, mchira wosalala, ndichisomo komanso chisomo, ndipo zizolowezi zawo zambiri zimafanana ndi za agologolo. Komabe, ma chipmunks ndi ochepa kukula kuposa mapuloteni, ndipo amatha kukhala okhutira ndi malo ochepa a cell. Nyama izi zimazolowera anthu bwino ndipo zimachedwa. Komanso, ndi oyera kwambiri ndipo khola lawo silikufuna kuyeretsedwa pafupipafupi, chifukwa samatulutsa kununkhira kwina kwa mbewa, ngati makoswe ena ambiri.
Nthawi yogwira ntchito ya nyamazo imagwera nthawi yamdima, komabe, ma chipmunks amakhala ndi chidwi masana, chifukwa chake, mutha kuwayang'ana mosavuta komanso kukhazikitsa kulumikizana ndi ziweto zanu pafupipafupi kuti atenge chakudya kuchokera m'manja anu osawopa komanso kukwera pa phewa lanu.
Monga momwe zimasungiridwira nyamazi kunyumba zikuwonetsa, masabata awiri ndi atatu ndizokwanira kuti azitha kuzolowera momwe azikhalira kuti azitha kuzichotsa m'thumba kuti aziyenda panyumba. Komabe, kudalira sikutanthauza kuti nyamayo siyiyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti isachite chilichonse chopusa - sichidumphira pawindo lotseguka, siyitsika pansi masitepe kapena kutsata waya. Muyenera kuteteza ku ma prank oopsa kwambiri, koma chitani izi mosamala komanso mosamala, popeza kusuntha modzidzimutsa, phokoso likhoza kuthana ndiubwenzi wanu wonse, makamaka ngati nyamayo ikugwirizanitsani ndi gwero la phokoso lotere.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti ngakhale mutadyetsa chipmunk chanu motani, simungamulembetse chifukwa chofunafuna zinthu zofunikira. Nthawi yomweyo, nyamayo imasankha malo osayenera kwambiri m'malo mwa zovalazo. Chifukwa chake, khalani okonzekera kuti mumasamba anu amangoganiza kukonza malo osungira mtedza, kapena sangafune kena kake kakudya kokha, komanso zokongoletsera zanu zina. Kutayika pa nkhaniyi kuyenera kufunidwa, choyamba, pakati pa malo ake osungirako. Kupatula apo, iye, popeza - sangathe kukana zonse zowala ndi zowala.
Kuthengo, ma chipmunks amatha kusunga masheya olemera mpaka kilogalamu 8.
Mwa njira, nyama zina zamnkhalango nthawi zambiri zimadyetsa. Ndipo, ngati nyamayo ikhoza kukhalabe patsogolo pawo, ndiye kuti pamaso pa mnzakeyo sipulumutsa ndipo idzateteza "chuma chake" mpaka dontho lomaliza lamwazi. Inde, ma chipmunks m'malo awo amachita nkhanza kwambiri kwa wina ndi mzake, chifukwa chake, kusunga nyama zingapo m'khola limodzi ndizowopsa, amatha kulumala wina ndi mzake kapenanso kupha. Izi zikugwira ntchito pa ubale wa mwamununa ndi wamwamuna, wamkazi ndi wamwamuna ndi wamkazi. Chifukwa chake, ngati mtsogolo mukufuna kufalitsa ma chipmunks, onetsetsani kuti mwalingalira mfundo iyi - angapo atha kuphatikizidwa kokha kuyambira kasupe mpaka Ogasiti, koma kuyambira Seputembala ifunika kubzalidwe m'maselo osiyanasiyana, chifukwa chikondi cha chipmunks chimatha nthawi ino yazaka, kuwerengera kumayamba . Nyamazo zimangokhalira kumenyana, zimachita zinthu mwamwano wina ndi mnzake.
Zomwe zili mu chipmunk kunyumba
Ngakhale kuti nyamazi ndizosangalatsa komanso ndizowonda, sizing'onoting'ono komanso sizing'ono, komanso zimakonda kumanga zisa zawo mnyumba mwanu, simuyenera kulimbikitsa izi, ndipo ndibwino kuti zizikhala zokhazokha, nthawi zina kumangolisiya. Choyamba, ndikofunikira chitetezo chamtundu ndi thanzi la chipmunk. Pali chiopsezo chambiri chovulaza inu, kuwonongeka kwa malo anu, motero pezani zokonda zazitsulo kuti ikhale nyumba yokhazikika. Matabwa sagwira ntchito, chifukwa adzadutsa mwachangu kwambiri (kwa ife, sangathe) kuyesa mphamvu.
Kuti chipmunk chisangalatse, ikani gudumu loyendetsa ngongole yake, kupanga mashelufu kapena matayala, ndikuyika nyumba yaying'ono - izikhala ngati chisa pomwe nyama imapuma ndikubisala zomwe ikupereka. Mukamayeretsa khola, onetsetsani kuti mwayeretsa mu chisa.
Ponena za kukula kwa khungu, sayenera kukhala ochepera 100 mwa 65 pa 100 sentimita. Pansi pa khola, tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa chikwama chamtundu woyenera, momwe amathiramo zinyalala kuchokera pamenepo.
Monga chojambulira cha selo, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito masamba agwa kapena utuchi waukulu wamatabwa. Utoto wawung'ono sunavomerezedwe, chifukwa chipmunks kukumba mabowo mu filler ndi kulowerera kwa matabwa ang'onoang'ono amtunduwu kumapangitsa kuyambitsa zamkati mwa mucous mwa iwo.
Ngakhale makondawa ndi oyera bwino - Komabe, musaiwale kuyang'anira ukhondo m'nyumba mwawo, ndiye kuti palibe amene angalote ndi kununkhiza kwamtundu wanji m'nyumba yanu.
Zomwe zimadyetsa chipmunks kunyumba
Ngakhale amachita nkhanza wina ndi mnzake, ma chipmunks amadya nthangala za mbewu. Amakonda makamaka mpendadzuwa, mtedza, nthangala za maapulo, komanso chimanga cholimidwa, adakali mkaka la mkaka-sera. Kuchokera pazakudya zamagulu mungathe kupereka tchizi kanyumba tchizi, mkaka. Anthu ena amadya ndi mphutsi zaufa, ziwala ndi tizilombo tina. Pali nthawi zina zomwe ma chipmunks adagunda mbalame zamkati - ndi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhanira, motero, ndibwino kuyikira mbalamezo mu chitseko chotsekedwa, kuchepetsa mwayi womwe mbalame imakumana ndi chipmunk mosachepera. Koma, makamaka kudya kwa makoswe kumakhala ndi amadyera, mbewu monga chimanga, zipatso, masamba ndi mphukira za nthambi, amathanso kuphatikizira zipatso zouma ndi mazira.
Simuyenera kuzolowera chipmunks kudya chakudya patebulo lanu. Ngakhale kuti phukusi limatha kudya masoseji ndi maswiti - izi zimasokoneza thanzi lake ndipo zingayambitse kufa kwanu kwachinyama chachilendo. Chifukwa chake, kumbukirani izi chipmunk chimayenera kudya zomwe amatanthauza kuti azidya ... Musamupatse mtedza wambiri ndi mpendadzuwa - ali ndi mafuta kwambiri, mafupa am'madzi - amakhala ndi cyanide, zipatso za citrus ndi masamba ambiri - izi zimapangitsa kuti chiweto chanu chichepere m'mimba.
Poganizira zodabwitsa za nyama izi kuti zizisangalala nthawi yozizira, kuyambira m'dzinja ndikofunika kuwonjezera magawo odyetsa chipmunk kuti athe kudzipatula. Kupanda kutero, nyamayo singatuluke pakubisala kapena kudwala ndikuchira kwakanthawi.
Komanso onetsetsani kuti chiweto chanu chimatha kukhala ndi madzi abwino komanso abwino. Ndipo, chifukwa ma chipmunks amakonda kusokoneza mayendedwe awo, ndibwino kuti madziwo amathiridwa mumadzi othilira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbalame. Chifukwa chake zabwino zanu sizingamugonjetse.
Chipmunk Health Care Kunyumba
Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, kutsatira malamulo athu okhudzana ndi zovuta zoletsa nyamazi ku ukapolo, ma chipmunks anu adzatha kukhala zaka 5-7. Nthawi yomweyo, m'moyo wanu wonse, mukadzakhala oyera, adyetseni zakudya zapamwamba komanso zabwino, adzakhala athanzi. Ndi malo okhala osakwanira komanso menyu yolakwika yomwe imayambitsa matenda awo.
Monga momwe chidziwitso cha Chowona Chowona Chanyama chikusonyezera, eni ake ambiri a chipmunks amatembenukira kwa akatswiri kuti akathandizidwe ngati ziweto zawo zitha kudzimbidwa, kutsegula m'mimba, mavuto a mano, matenda a pakhungu, kuvulala, kupweteka kwa kutentha, komanso kutupa m'matumba. Ngakhale kuti zovuta zina sizikuwoneka zazikulu poyamba, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulumikizane ndi veterinarian wanu mulimonse momwe zingamuthandizire kuti athe kumuthandiza wodwala. Ngati izi sizingatheke, muyenera kupereka thandizo. Chifukwa chake
ndi mabala ndi mikwingwirima - mabala amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi antiseptic yamagetsi mphamvu, ndi kudzimbidwa - ndikofunikira kuti muphatikize zamasamba zatsopano muzakudya ndikupatsanso madzi ambiri kuti amwe, ndi matenda am'mimba - ndikofunikira kupatula masamba ndi zipatso kuchokera muzakudya ndikuzisintha ndi ufa wa chimanga ...
Chipmunk chanyama ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono; ndi wachibale wa gologolo. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa nyama yamizirayi ndi abale ake? Kodi amakhala kuti ndipo amadya chiyani?
Pali mitundu 24 ya ma chipmunks, 23 omwe amakhala ku North America ndi mtundu umodzi wokha ku Eurasia. Pali ma chipmunks ambiri ku America; amakhala ku Mexico ndi Alaska. Makoswe ambiri amakhala ku North America.
Chipmunks zakuEurope zidakhala malo akulu kuchokera kumadera aku Europe ku Russia kupita kumpoto kwa China, Korea ndi Japan.Chipmunks amakhalanso ku Central Europe, amabweretsedwa kumeneko monga ziweto, koma nthumwi zina zinathawa ndipo zinayamba kuthengo.
Kusankhidwa ndi maselo
Chifukwa chake, tikufuna chipmunk, pali malo oti atsekejiji. Nyumba yogona chiweto cham'tsogolo ikuyenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale.
Kuzolowera anthu, chipmunk chitha kuloledwa kuyenda mozungulira nyumbayo, komabe, amathera nthawi yayitali ali m'khola. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusankha lalikulu kwambiri komanso onetsetsani kuti mwayendetsa gudumu. Pali malo osungira agologolo omwe ali ndi nyumba "yopanda kanthu" yomwe ili pamwamba, ndipo gudumu limaphatikizidwa pomwepo. Koma sizikhala zokwanira nthawi zonse.
Gologolo amakhala wamkulu komanso wamphamvu kuposa chipmunk ndipo mtunda pakati pa ndodo za cell nthawi zambiri umakhala waukulu. Chipmunk chochepa thupi chimatha kungoloza kuthengo. Mawilo gologolo ndi chinthu champhamvu kwambiri, monga lamulo, chitsulo komanso "mokweza" kwambiri. Chipmunk, kumene, ndi nyama yamasiku ano ndipo silidzalira usiku . Koma tsiku lonse kumvetsera phokoso losalekeza ndikosangalatsa kosatsutsika. Chifukwa chake ndibwino kusankha tayala la pulasitiki kapena zitsulo zopepuka, kukula kwa nyamayo, ndikuonetsetsa kuti ndi "phokoso" musanagule - sipanizani ndikumvera.
Kuphatikiza pa gudumu, mumafunikira nyumba yowala, yosavuta kuyeretsa, kuti chiweto chizikhala pobisalira komanso chisungidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuyikamo "chokwera" cholembera - chidutswa cha nthambi youma. Tifunikanso ufa wodyera, mbale yomwera ndi chimbudzi cha ngodya. Kupeza kwaposachedwa kumathandizira kuyeretsa khola. Chipmunk ndi nyama yocheperako ndipo nthawi zambiri imachita bizinesi yake mu ngodya imodzi. Kenako pali chimbudzi chaching'ono ndikutulutsa nkhuni kapena utuchi (ndipo wina amachiyika wopanda kanthu ndikungachisamba nthawi zambiri).
Posachedwa, zitumba zapadera za ma chipmunks zidayamba kuwonekera. Komabe ndibwino kusadalira wopanga, koma iwe tchulani zina zofunika kwambiri:
- mtunda pakati pa ndodo
- momwe gudumu likuyenda
- mwayi wofika mnyumbamo,
- Kusavuta koyeretsa ndekha
- kukula kwake.
Habitat
Kunena komwe ma chipmunks amakhala, ali ndi malo ochulukirapo, okhala pafupifupi gawo lonse la taiga ku Eurasia:
- kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Russia,
- Siberi Wakummawa ndi Kumadzulo,
- Far East (kupatula Kamchatka),
- za. Sakhalin
- za. Hokkaido
- kumpoto kwa Mongolia.
Makamaka ambiri a iwo amapezeka ku Primorsky Territory, komwe mitengo ya mkungudza imamera kwambiri. Pakadali zaka zabwino, mpaka anthu 200 mpaka 20000 akhoza kukhala m'nkhalango muno pa kilomita imodzi.
Zimatha kukhazikika mu nkhomaliro, komanso m'nkhalango zowuma komanso zopanda zipatso, koma zimapezekanso m'nkhalango za paini. Kummwera komwe amakhala, komwe amasinthana nkhalango zowuma, amakonda mitengo ya birch yosakanikirana ndi mitundu ina. Amakondanso magombe amtsinje, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, kusefukira kwa madzi ndikuwotcha, komanso m'mbali mwa nkhalango pafupi ndi minda.
Mawonekedwe a Moyo waulere
Chipmunks amatsogolera moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Ngakhale amakwera mitengo bwino, amakonda kuthera nthawi yayitali pansi. Amakonza malo obisika osabisalira, ndipo samakhazikika m'maenje, chifukwa izi siziyenda bwino ndi moyo wapadziko lapansi. Amakhala pamiyala yamiyala, amatulutsa mabowo konse, koma amangopanga zisa pakati pa miyala. Malo obisika kwawo amakhala osavuta, nthawi zambiri amagawika zipinda ziwiri: chimodzi, chodzaza ndi masamba ndi udzu wouma, pali chisa, chachiwiri ndi malo osungirako nyama momwe zimasungira zosowa zawo.
Pali malo ocheperako omwe nyama amagwiritsa ntchito ngati zimbudzi. Mbali imodzi imalowetsa dzenje, kutalika kwake kupitirira mamita atatu, ndipo kutuluka kupita kumtunda kumatsekeka pakati pa mizu ya mitengo kapena mitengo ikuluikulu.
Kanema wokhudza momwe chipmunk chimawonekera ndi zomwe amadya
M'malo omwe amakhala.Monga zisa za chilimwe zikagwera pamizu, mu chitsa chowola, mitengo yakugwa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Nayi mfundo zosangalatsa za nyama izi:
- Ndi osakwatiwa, aliyense amakhala kudera lawo. Anthu awiri oyandikana nawo pabowo limodzi sadzagwirizana.
- Amakhala ndi machitidwe owoneka bwino osamveka bwino: mukakhala pachiwopsezo, amatulutsa kaphokoso kofiyira, ngati mbalame, kapena khwangwala woimba.
- Pothana ndi vuto la mbewu, mabanja amachotsedwa kunyumba ndikuyendayenda kukafunafuna chakudya, pogwiritsa ntchito malo osakhalitsa m'malo atsopano. Kummawa kwa Russia, iwo amayendayenda nthawi yakupanga m'munda wa tirigu, ndipo m'mapiri mumakhala "mabulosi" ofanana.
Kodi chimadya chiyani?
Mbewu za zomera zambiri zamtchire ndi zolimidwa ndi zomwe chipmunk chimadya kuthengo. Izi ndi mbewu za conifers, makamaka mtengo wa mkungudza, wosakhazikika: linden, mapulo, phulusa lamapiri, ma ambulate ndi sedge. Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, chakudyacho chimasiyanasiyana ndi masamba, mphukira, buliberries ndi lingonberry. Mbale ndi tirigu akakhwima m'munda nthawi yachilimwe, makoswe ambiri, kuphatikiza ndi ma chipmunks, amawazunza kwambiri, kuwononga kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amadya nyama nthawi yomweyo, koma amadziunjikira m'mataya, mwachangu amathawira kudziko lawo, komwe amadya. Nthawi zina amadzilola kuti adye nyama - nkhono, mavu, tizilombo, ndichifukwa chake amalimbikitsa ma chipmunks apamba kuti azipereka mphutsi za ufa ngati chithandiziro.
Kuyambira mwezi wa Ogasiti, nyama zimayamba nthawi yofunika kwambiri yogulira chakudya m'nyengo yozizira. Amabweranso ndi matumba, ndikugonjetsedwa nthawi zambiri kuposa kilomita. Mutha kupeza ma acorn, mbewu, mtedza, zipatso zouma ndi bowa m'matumbo a chipmunks, omwe amafikira 6 kg.
Nthawi yomweyo, matoko awo samadzisangalatsa okha, komanso okhalanso ena a taiga: chimbalangondo, nkhumba zamtchire, zingwe, ndi makondomu. "Mlendo" wokulirapo akawononga chisa modekha, mwini wokwiyitsayo amatha kumayendetsa mozungulira iye, kukoka mchira wofowokayo ndi kumayankhula mokwiya.
Kusankha ndi kugula nyama
Mwachilengedwe, monga makoswe onse, chipmunk chimanyamula matenda, ndipo chachikulu kwambiri, chomwe mumakhala ndi encephalitis, txoplasmosis ndi rickettsiosis. Chifukwa chake musalole nyama kuthengo kapena gulani m'manja mwanu, kwa ogulitsa osagwirizana.
Koma ngakhale gwero la zinthuzo lili lodalirika, muyenera kuyang'ana nyamayo mosamala musanagule - nyamayo iyenera kukhala yogwira ntchito, yokhala ndi tsitsi lonyezimira komanso maso owoneka bwino. Wogundidwa pakona, wosokonezeka - kaya ndi wopanda thanzi, kapena wopsinjika kwambiri (komwe, mwa njira, kukhoza kupangitsa kuti afe posachedwa).
Zosiyanasiyana
Mwathunthu muli mitundu 25, ndipo pafupifupi mitundu yonse yomwe imakhala ku North America, ndi mtundu umodzi wokha ku Eurasia.
Imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wina chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mano ake ang'onoang'ono apamwamba. Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 14-19 cm, ndipo mchira wofiirira wofiirira ndi 8-11 masentimita, kulemera kwa 70-140 g. kumbuyo kumbuyo kofiirira kokhala ndi mikwingwirima isanu yayifupi, pafupifupi mikwaso yoyera ndi ubweya wakuda mozungulira. Amakhala kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Canada komanso kum'mawa kwa United States m'malo othengo, m'nkhalango zowuma, pakati pa miyala ndi miyala. Kukhazikitsa bowo losaya pansi pa mtengo wogwa kapena mwala, womwe umakhala ndi chimbudzi kumapeto. Khalidwe lofanana ndi chipmunk cha lat latitude yathu.
Ichi ndi choyimira china cha mtundu wokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 14 mpaka 15 ndi mchira wofunda wa masentimita 9 mpaka 10. Mukayang'ana chithunzi cha nyama (chipmunk cha ku Siberia), mudzawona mikwingwirima isanu yakuda kumbuyo kwake, pakati pomwe malaya ali ofiira kapena opepuka. imvi. Anthu a ku Siberia amatha kukhala m'nkhalango zosakanizika, zozama komanso zachidwi. Amasankha m'malo opepuka, malo pomwe mitengo imagwetsedwa ndi mphepo. Nthawi zambiri, zisa zimakonzedwa pansi pamtengo waukulu, wosweka ndi mphepo, pakati pa mizu, miyala.
Chipmunk Moyo Video
Mu nkhalango zotetezedwa, amatha kukhala m'nyumba zosungidwa ndi mbalame.Zochita za chipmunks zimagwera masana masana. Popeza gawo lalikulu lazakudya lawo limapangidwa ndi mbewu za coniferous, thanzi la makoswewa limadalira kwambiri pakupanga kwawo. Komanso samanyoza ma lichens ndi ma invertebrates osiyanasiyana, ngakhale amakonda kusunga mbewu zosankhidwa nthawi yozizira, komanso zochuluka kotero kuti alibe nthawi yoti azidya kwa nthawi yayitali, koma osavomerezeka ndi zokhwasula-khwasula.
Kodi mwawonapo chipmunks kuthengo? Tiuzeni za izi
Mu Latin, dzina la chipmunks limalembedwa kuti Tamias. Ponena za dzina la ku Russia, pali mitundu iwiri yoyambira. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi kubwereka ndi kusintha kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha Chitata, pomwe "chipmunk" amalembedwa ngati "boryndyk". Njira yachiwiri ndi kuchokera ku liwu la Mari uromdok, koma pali owerengera ena omwe adasinthidwa.
Chipmunks ndiofalikira ku North America; Mitundu yonse yomwe ilipo imangokhala pokhapokha ngati chipmunk cha ku Asia kapena ku Siberia, chomwe chimapezeka ku Eurasia ndi ku Russia.
Chipmunk chisamaliro kunyumba
Nyamula kugula kwanu Bola chonyamula , ndipo poyamba musakwiyitse nyamayo ndi chidwi chochuluka. Izi zithandiza chiweto kupewa kupsinjika mosafunikira komanso kufulumizirana kumalo atsopano.
Kuthira manja kumakhala pang'onopang'ono. Choyamba, ma chipmunks amaperekedwa kudzera kuzungulira mipiringidzo. Nyama ikakhala pansi ndikuyamwa mosakhazikika, mutha kuyesa kumenya pamene iye akutanganidwa ndi kudya. Kuyenda koyamba kuzungulira nyumba ndikofunikira kukonzekera "pamimba yopanda kanthu." Ikhaleke kwakanthawi kochepa m'nyumba, kenako ndikuyiyira nyiniyo, ndikuyembekezera kuti nyamayo ibwere.
Sipangofunika kuyesa kugwira nyama ndikuyiyika mu khola, imangokhala ndi mantha, ikaluma eni ake, ndipo m'malo mwa "ndende" yesani kupeza "nyumba" yatsopano. Kupatula apo, Nyumba ndi chiyani, kuchokera pomwe pakuwona chipmunk? Awa ndi malo ofunda ndi otentha, pali chakudya chochuluka ndipo olakwira sadzasowa. Ndikufuna kubwerera kumeneko. Chifukwa chake tiyenera kuyesetsa kuti cell ikhale Nyumba yotere.
Ndi ma chipmunks angati omwe amakhala mu ukapolo kumadalira momwe amasungidwira. Monga lamulo, palibe mavuto ndi chakudya, tsopano mu malo ogulitsa ziweto mumakhala zosankha zingapo zamagulu osakaniza azakudya. Ndipo apa kusowa kwa nkhawa kwambiri kukulitsa moyo wa chiweto. Mosiyana ndi abale akutchire, nyama zoweta zimakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka khumi.
Kuswana
Iwo amene angokonda kulumikizana ndi nyama sayenera kubereka konse. Phunziro lovuta. Inde, makanda nthawi zonse amakhala oseketsa, koma musaiwale kuti ma chipmunks sakukhala okhazikika awiriawiri. Komanso, nthawi yogula, amayamba mkangano usanaphe . Chifukwa chake, ngati, komabe, kufunitsitsa kuti mugwire gulu laling'ono la chipmunks ndikulimba kwambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kusamalira malo omwe chipmunk chachiwiri chimasungidwa, kapena pezani mwiniwake yemwe ali ndi chilombo cha anyamata kapena amuna ndikuwathamangitsani.
Monga chilengedwe, iwo "amachepetsa" iwo mchaka, atatha hibernation. Panthawi yaukwati, makolo amtsogolo ayenera kukhala athanzi ndi "kufuna ana" (apo ayi amangolimbana). Akazi, okonzekera kubereketsa, yambani kuyitanitsa oyenda pamagalimoto ndi kufuula ofanana ndi mawu oti "mbedza".
Pakangotha mwezi umodzi kuchokera pakubadwa, makanda amakhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti ayambe kuchoka mchisa. Mpaka miyezi iwiri ya iwo zofunika kukhala ndi amayi , omwe apitiliza kudyetsa ana mkaka, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti athe kupeza eni eni. Kapena sinthani ngati mukufuna kusunga wina.
Ubwino Asanu
Ngakhale chipmunk chidakali cholakwika ngati nyama, pali zopindulitsa zisanu kukhala ndi chipmunk:
Tinkakonda kuyesa miyezi iwiri, mwina. Ndipo adakulitsa mano ake za ife kangapo. Koma tsopano wopemphetsa wotere - ingotambasulani dzanja lanu, akwera m'mwemo ndikuyamba kufunafuna zinthu zosangalatsa.
Mlongo wachikulireyo wabweretsa chipmunk cha munthu wamkulu pachikomo cha "Living Corner". Khola la mbalame linali ndipo iye anathawa tsiku loyamba. Komwe adakhala pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, tidamva pamene abambo ake adavala koyamba nthawi yophukira, yomwe idapachikapo kale muholo. Mulu wa zinyalala wosakanikirana ndi matoko a chipmunks udagwa m'manja, mwini wakeyo amawulutsidwa kuchokera pamwamba, amaliza mluzu ndi kuwombera pakhonde. Abambo pafupifupi "Kondraty sanakumbatira")).
Ndikufunanso kusiya ndemanga zazifupi. Ndili ndi chipmunk kuyambira ubwana wanga. Kunena zowona, ndangomugwira kumtunda pomwe amadya mpendadzuwa ndi ife. Sindinganene za njira yanga yopangira matayala (ngakhale anyamata onse pano amamudziwa), ndi wankhanza ndipo anthu wamba sayenera kutero. Koma chiweto changa chimakhala nthawi yayitali m'chipindacho, mpaka atatuluka pawindo. Pepani - mnzakeyo anali wabwino, ngakhale sindinamuchitira zabwino.
Ngati mwabweretsa kale nyamayo, ndiye muyenera kumusunga m'thanthi, kuti pasakhale vuto.
Chipmunks moyo ndi machitidwe
Nyama imakonda kukhala ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Amayenda mosadukiza kudzera pamitengo chifukwa cha kukweza kwake. Kuyenda kwa Chipmunk ndi spasmodic. Zochita zawo zimatengera nthawi ya chaka. Mwachitsanzo, mu chirimwe cha nyama izi pamabwera njira yovuta kwambiri pamoyo. Amakhala okondwa, amasangalala, amayenda mozungulira kwambiri, amalumphira pamitengo, komanso zinthu zambiri zogulira nyengo yozizira, kupatula masiku omwe kwatentha kwambiri. Chifukwa chotentha kwambiri, amayesa kuchita "bizinesi" yawo yonse m'mawa. Chapakatikati, pomwe masiku ofunda akuyamba kumene, ma chipmunks amakonda kukwera pamwamba pa mtengo ndikuphika padzuwa. Zochita zawo panthawiyi ndizowopsa komanso ulesi.
Nthawi yozizira kwa nyama izi zimadziwika ndi hibernation. Koma, monga asayansi awonera, ma chipmunks nthawi zina amadzuka kuti adye. Sitolo yawo yamafuta sikokwanira nthawi yonse yozizira, chifukwa chake amadya zosowa zawo zokonzekera mwambowu.
Kodi ma chipmunks amadya chiyani?
Maziko a chakudya ndi mtedza, mbewu za mitengo ndi zitsamba. Makamaka amakopeka ndi nthangala zochokera ku ma conesers, monga, mwachitsanzo, mkungudza kapena mkungudza (mtengo uwu ndi kope lofanana ndi mkungudza, ma cones ake nawonso amakoma, koma owirikiza kawiri ngati mkungudza). Kuphatikiza mtedza, chipmunkcho chimadya zina zake nthawi imodzi, ndipo zina mwa izo zimatengedwa ku nkhokwe yake, ndikupanga zosungira nthawi yachisanu. Komabe nyama izi zimatha kudya zipatso zamtchire ngati chakudya. Nthawi zambiri nthawi zina amakhala alibe chidwi ndi zipatso zokha, koma mbewu zomwe zili momwemo (mwachitsanzo, rasipiberi kapena m'chiuno). Nthawi zina tizilombo kapena ma bulugamu amatha kum'peza "chakudya chamasana", ngati chakudya.
Kodi nyamazi zimabereka bwanji ndipo zimakhala ndi ana a mtundu wanji?
Mtundu wa chipmunks ukangodzuka hibernation, imayamba nthawi yakukhwima. Zimatha pafupifupi milungu iwiri kapena inayi. Kenako mimba imachitika, kutalika kwake mu chipmunks pafupifupi masiku 30. Mkazi m'modzi amabereka, pafupifupi, kuyambira anayi mpaka khumi mwa ma chipmunks. Pakatha masiku 40 kubadwa, ana amphongo amadya mkaka wa amayi. Mwana akamakula msinkhu wa miyezi iwiri, amasiya "nyumba" ya makolo ndikuyamba kukhala payokha.
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