Popanda kuphatikiza
Mbidzi za nkhumba za Babiruss zimakula
Maola, masabata ndi masiku zimadutsa
Ndipo ubongo wa nkhumba uli ndi mabowo.
Moni abwenzi! Lero kwa inu pang'onopang'ono pazakudya zodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Babirussa (kapena kuchokera pachilankhulo china cha "nkhuku-nkhuku") ndiabwino kwambiri, komanso ndimadodometsa modabwitsa. Kwa amuna, mafangasi amakula kudzera pamlomo wapamwamba, womwe, pomwe umakula, umapindika kenako umakula ndikukhala fupa lakutsogolo, pambuyo pake chigamba china chimatuluka. Kusankhanso kwachilengedwe, komanso chisinthiko chosangalatsa. Chifukwa cha kulumikizana komwe kumakulira mu chigaza, nyamazo zimakonda kufa mbandakucha.
Mabanja athu amakhala pachilumba chankhondo ku Indonesia chotchedwa Sulawesi (ndipo makamaka kumpoto).
Nkhumba zimatha kumamatira kuyambira miyezi 10, zimabereka ana awiri, nthawi zambiri zimagonana.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa mawonekedwe odabwitsawa kudalembedwa mu 1658, pali lingaliro ngakhale kuti Aroma adaphunzira za kukhalapo kwa Babiruss m'zaka za zana loyamba AD. Imodzi mwa mayina oyamba aminyama omwe analandila mu 1758. Kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha Chimalay, mawu akuti babirusa amatanthauza nkhumba yosenda, koma ngakhale pali zosiyana zambiri, mababirus amawoneka kwambiri ngati nkhumba.
Chochititsa chidwi: Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wina wasayansi, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti subspecies iyi imagwirizana kwambiri ndi mvuu. Mpaka posachedwapa, nyama zimadziwika ndi mtundu umodzi, koma atafufuza mwatsatanetsatane zakusiyana kwawo kapangidwe ka chigaza, mano, kukula ndi malaya.
Akatswiri a Zoologists adazindikira mitundu yayikulu 4:
- khalimon Izi nyama zomwe zimapezeka kuzilumba za Buru ndi Sula, ndizopepuka kwambiri, khungu loonda, pafupifupi lopanda tsitsi,
- khalimon. Zinyama zomwe zimakhala kum'mwera kokha kwa chilumba cha Sulawesi,
- khalimon. Babiruss Sulawesi, wobera ku Sulawesi, kupatula kumwera kwa chilumbachi, ali ndi khungu lakuda,
- khalimon. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali pazilumba zazing'ono za Togian.
Kusiyana pakati pa anthu ndi gulu lawo kumadalira malo omwe akukhala, momwe amakhalira ndi zakudya zawo, komabe, kuphunzira mozama kwa babirus kumalepheretseka ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa anthu. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti kuphatikiza pa mitundu yomwe ilipo, panali mitundu ina yomwe sinakhalepo mpaka pano.
Mosiyana ndi abale awo a nkhumba, ma babiruss samakumba pansi, kupatula dothi louma, lokha lokha kapena laling'ono, amatengedwa ngati zitsamba za nkhalango.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Babiruss Nkhumba
Chofunikira komanso kusiyanitsa kwa zolengedwa izi kuchokera kwa abale awo a nkhumba ndizinthu zosadziwika zopindika. Ma canins apamwamba amakula moyo wonse, kupotokola patsogolo pa kufufuma. Ngati savala kapena kuthyoledwa, pakamenyana ndi anthu ena, chifukwa cha khungu locheperako, mafangasi amakula matupi awo, amapanga mphete. Zovala zoterezi zimatha kukula mpaka 30-30 cm ndikukula mwachindunji mu chigaza.
Kodi babirussa amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Babirussa m'chilengedwe
Babirussa ndiwopadera komanso ndi imodzi mwazinyama zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi, malo omwe amangokhazikitsidwa pazilumba zazing'ono za Indonesia, zomwe ndizisumbu za zilumba za Malaŵi:
M'chilengedwe, nyama izi sizipezeka kwina kulikonse. M'mbuyomu, babirusses amakhala pachilumba chonse cha Sulawesi, koma pofika m'zaka za m'ma 1800 zidasoweka konse kumwera chakumadzulo kwa chilumbachi.
Mosiyana ndi abale awo a nkhumba, zolengedwa izi sizikudziwa momwe zingakumbe pansi kuti ziyang'ane nyongolotsi, kachikumbu ndi chakudya china. Chifukwa chake, amakhala makamaka m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, nyanja, malo okhala kapena ngakhale m'mapiri omwe ali pafupi ndi nyanja, komwe nkosavuta kupeza masamba opatsa thanzi. Nkhalango yamvula yakhala nyumba yokondedwa komanso yokha ya Babiruss, komwe amapanga gawo lawo, ndipo tsiku lonse amayenda m'njira zolimba pofunafuna chakudya.
Anthu aku Barirus ndi nyama zotetezedwa, chifukwa chake amakhala m'madera opanda adani, ndipo makamaka kuchokera kwa anthu, akukwera malo osafikirika a nkhalango zamvula. Komanso nyamayi imapezeka ku ukapolo, m'malo osungira nyama zapakati padziko lapansi, komwe ikuyesa kusamalira ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mitundu yotere yosiyanasiyana.
Tsopano mukudziwa kumene nyamayo imakhala Babirussa. Tiwone chomwe nkhumba yakuthengo iyi idya.
Kodi babirussa amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Chinyama cha Babirussa
M'mimba ndi m'mimba dongosolo la kabiruss ndilofanana ndi thupi la nkhosa ndi nyama zina zotafuna kuposa nkhumba. Nyama zimamwa bwino CHIKWANGWANI, ndiye kuti chakudya chake chachikulu ndi zomera zamasamba ndi mphukira zamtchire, pomwe zimatha kuyimirira ndi miyendo yakumbuyo, mpaka masamba omwe amakula pamitengo.
Awa ndi mitundu ina yomwe, kuphatikiza masamba abwino ndi udzu, zitha kudya:
Koma kuti azisangalala ndi mphutsi zopatsa thanzi kapena mizu yobzala, sagwilitsa ntchito maliseche awo ndi kufufuma, monga nkhumba wamba, koma amafukula chilichonse mothandizidwa ndi ziboda zawo zamphamvu. Ngakhale ndi zazikulupo, aubirus ndi osambira abwino, amasangalala kumizidwa m'madzi, amatha kusambira kuwoloka mtsinje waukulu, amatha kupirira mosavuta ndi chakudya champhamvu, akusangalala ndi nsomba zam'mtsinje kapena nyama zazing'ono. Anthu ambiri amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja, amapeza zonse zofunika pa zakudya zawo pansi pa nyanja.
Ma piglets ang'onoang'ono amadya mkaka wa m'mawere kwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri, isanu ndi itatu, koma akatha zaka 10 amakulitsa zakudya zawo ndi chakudya cholimba. M'malo osungira nyama, nyama zimaphatikizapo udzu, udzu, letesi, kaloti, mango ndi masamba ndi zipatso zina zambiri.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Pig Babirussa wa Pakhomo
Chifukwa cha kuchepa msanga kwa kuchuluka kwa babiruss, momwe amakhalira komanso zomwe amachita sizadziwika kwenikweni. Nyama zimasankha malo ovuta kukhalamo, pofuna kudziteteza, zimatha kupuma m'miyala tsiku lonse.
Anthu pawokha amakhala okha, moyo umodzi, akazi amatha kuyanjana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala achichepere okha. Ntchito zawo zazikulu zimawonedwa masana, ngati nkhumba zonse, zimakonda kukhazikika m'madzi, potero ndikuchotsa tiziromboti pakhungu, komabe, mosiyana ndi nkhumba, sakonda kusewera mumatope kapena kudzipangira okha udzu, koma amasankha malo osungira kapena malo otseguka .
Sizachilendo kwa abambo a Babiruss kuti azilima mchenga wofewa, chifukwa amagwada ndi kugwedeza mitu yawo kutsogolo, ndikupanga mzere wakuya, pomwe amapanga phokoso ndikulira, ndikuwonetsa malovu opunduka. Akatswiri ambiri opanga zinyama amakhulupirira kuti umu ndi momwe mwamunayo amathandizira zolembera zonunkhira, koma palibe lingaliro lenileni komanso losagwirizana.
Ngakhale kuti anthu ali pachiwopsezo chotani, owabereka amakhala ochezeka, amalumikizana nawo mosavuta, ndipo amawathetsa msanga. Kukhala kwakanthawi kwakanthawi, nyama zimatha kuwonetsa chidwi komanso kusangalala, pamaso pa anthu ozolowerana, ndikuthamanga mchira wokongola ndi mutu. Zonsezi zimadziwikiratu ngati nyama zosamala komanso zomvera. Nyama zamtunduwu zabwino zimatha kuwonetsa mkwiyo pokhapokha, zazimuna zikamenyera zazikazi komanso poteteza ana awo akhanda.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Babirussa Cub
Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyama zamtunduwu makamaka kumachitika chifukwa cha ana ochepa. Yaikazi imangokhala ndi tiziwalo tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono, ndiye kuti nipple ziwiri. Nthawi imodzi, amatha kubereka ana osaposa awiri, omwe nthawi zonse amabadwa amuna okhaokha, ichi ndi chinthu chinanso chosiyanitsa babirusa kuchokera kwa abale ake a nkhumba.
Kutha kwa nkhumba zazuluzi kumachitika mwachangu, pa miyezi 10. Nyengo yakukhwima imayamba kuyambira Januware mpaka Ogasiti, pamene kumenyana pakati pa omenyera amuna kumachitika, zomwe zimatha mating. Mimba mwa akazi imakhala pafupifupi miyezi isanu. Ana obadwa kumene alibe mikwingwirima kapena khungu lamadzi pakhungu lawo, zomwe zimavuta kukhala zidyera kwa adani. Mwana wamkazi wabirussa amadzionetsa ngati mayi wodalirika komanso wosamala, kuteteza ana ake mwankhanza ku ngozi iliyonse, ngati atakhala ndi nkhawa, amatha kuthamangira ngakhale kwa munthuyo.
Chochititsa chidwiUbwino waukulu wamtunduwu ndi kukaniza kwake matenda ambiri ndi chitetezo chokwanira chamkati, chomwe nkhumba wamba sichitha kudzitamandira. Ngakhale kudziletsa konse, kubereka sikubweretsa ndalama zambiri, chifukwa cha ana ang'ono.
Nthawi yamoyo ya anthu awa imatha kukhala yayitali kwambiri ndipo imayambira zaka 20 mpaka 25, koma izi ndizotheka ku ukapolo, chisamaliro choyenera komanso zakudya. M'chilengedwe, chifukwa chomenyedwa nthawi zonse ndi nyama zomwe zimadyera nyama, anthu amakhala pafupifupi zaka 10.
Adani Achilengedwe a Babirussa
Chithunzi: Babiruss Nkhumba
Aabirus akuluakulu amakhala ndi makutu abwino komanso chidwi, chomwe chimawathandiza kuthawa popanda vuto lililonse, koma monga anyani ambiri, agogo amakhala ndi adani awo. Pafupifupi adani onse omwe amakhala mdera lino atha kupezeka kuti ndi adani achilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri, ndewu pakati pa agulu agalu zimatha kumachitika ndi kambuku, komanso nthumwi zina za gulu lanyalo, popeza kwa zilombo zazikuluzikulu zotere, palibe chinthu chosangalatsa kuposa nyama yadyera ya babirussa.
Palibe chowopsa kwa nyama iliyonse, makamaka, ndi babirusa, ndi mamba. Popeza amakhala m'madzi ndi gombe, amatha kuchitapo kanthu, motero ng'ona zimagwira nyama iliyonse yomwe ikuyandikira. Poganizira kukula kochepa komanso khungu loonda la babirusa, limakhala losavuta komanso lamoyo kwa chimphona choterocho. Kwa achichepere ndi achinyamata, ma python omwe amatha kuwukira pamtunda komanso m'madzi ali ndi ngozi yayikulu. Kutsitsa mphete ndi kufinya nyama yake, chitha kumeza munthu wamkulu wamkulu.
Komabe, malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri a zochizira nyama, abwanawa amakhala kumalo komwe nyama zazikulu zanyama sizikakhalako. Mdani wamkulu wamtunduwu amakhalabe munthu, akuletsa nyama kuti zizikhala zachilengedwe, kupha mitundu yomwe ili pachiwopsezo pazolinga zawo.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa nthawi zonse, komanso kuwononga zachilengedwe kuyambira 90s, anthu achulukana ndipo akuchepa tsiku lililonse. Ngakhale panali zoletsa zonse, okhala m'derali akupitiliza kusaka nyama zosowa, pogwiritsira ntchito njira mwankhanza kwambiri za kusaka, kuyendetsa agalu ndi nyama zowopsa mumisampha ndikuzipha mozunza. Nyama ya Babiruss imayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake kwapadera komanso zakudya zake. Ndipo mafangidwe a nyamayo amagwiritsa ntchito ngati maziko a mitundu yonse ya zaluso ndi zolowa.
Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zikukhudza kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha abambo:
- Kulephera kudziletsa pakugwira ntchito zachiwawa,
- kuchuluka kwa zilumba,
- kudula mitengo.
Ponena ndi ziwerengero zosalimbikitsa izi, pakadali pano pali nyama pafupifupi 4,000 zomwe zatsala. Pali mapulogalamu ambiri oswana padziko lonse lapansi kuti achulukitse kuchuluka kwa nkhumba zamtchire izi ku ukapolo ndikuti zitha kutheratu. M'malo ambiri osamalira nyama, zimayenda bwino osati kusamalira bwino komanso kubereka ana omwe ali kale mu ukapolo. Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, ana oyamba andende anawomberedwa ku Paris mu 1884. Pofika zaka zapakati pa 90s, ma babirus anali okhalamo pafupifupi 30 malo osungirako nyama padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo pafupifupi zaka 20 ankakhala zaka zambirimbiri mochita kupanga. Kuchokera pomwe titha kunena kuti nyamayo imayenderana ndi anthu ndipo imakhala momasuka ku ukapolo.
Chitetezo Babiruss
Chithunzi: Babirussa kuchokera ku Red Book
Babirussa ndiye nyama yakale kwambiri, yomwe imafa mwachangu yotchulidwa mu Buku Lofiyira. Kuwongolera kwa anthu kumatengedwa ndikutetezedwa ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse omwe akuyesera kuchita zinthu zingapo zachilengedwe zomwe zimathandizira kupulumutsa mtunduwu.
Gawo lapadera linasungidwa m'boma, komabe, chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi malowa komanso kusowa kwa ndalama, ndizovuta kwambiri kuthandizira ntchito ngati izi. Ngakhale kuyesayesa konse ndi chitetezo cha Boma la Indonesia ndikuwongolera mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi, kupha anthu popanda chilolezo sikunaleke.
Ngati posachedwa, gawo lamapaki adziko silidzayang'aniridwa kwambiri ndi chitetezo kwa opha nyama, kupereka malo abwino okhala nyama zapaderazi, kwa zaka khumi, mtunduwu ukhoza kuzimiririka kuzilumba zonse zokhala.
Babirussa - imodzi mwa nyama zakale kwambiri zomwe zatsala ndi masiku ano, okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofewa, odzipereka ku mabanja awo ngakhale kwa anthu omwe atulutsa mabirus moyo wawo wonse. Komabe, ndizowona chifukwa cha anthu kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kunyamaliratu kwawo. Chifukwa chake, zambiri zimadalira tokha komanso malingaliro athu ku chilengedwe. Nyamayi nthawi zonse imakopa chidwi chapadera, winawake amawasirira, akumatchulira m'mabuku ake ndi nkhani zake, monga a Jules Verne, m'mabuku ake a "Mazana Zikwi Zapansi Panyanja," pomwe wina akusaka phindu kapena chikondwerero.