Munthu wamba wamba ndi mbalame yochokera ku nkhuku, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi dzina lodziwika bwino ku Georgia, chifukwa chake ili ndi dzina lachiwiri - pheasant la Caucasian. Mbalameyi idatchedwa dzina la mzinda wakale wa Phasis, pamalo omwe Poti padakali pano.

Thandizo

• Kutalika kwa thupi ndi mchira: amuna 70-90 masentimita, akazi 55-70cm.
• Misa: Amuna 1.3-2 kg, akazi 1-1.4 kg.
• Kutalika: amuna 45-60 masentimita, akazi 20-25 cm.

Mapikowo ndi afupi, ozungulira. Pa miyendo yovunda. Mchirawo ndi wautali, wopindika. Zili ndi nthenga 18, zikupumira kumapeto. Mitundu ya kugonana imatchulidwa: Amuna a pheasant ndi akulu kwambiri komanso amakula kuposa akazi.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimawoneka ngati phe Phe yamphongo ndi malo ozungulira maso ndi masaya opanda nthata. Pomwe zilipo, izi zimasanduka zofiira.

Utoto wamphongo - pheasant ndi ntchito zaluso. Mwambiri, kamvekedwe kake ndi kofiirira wagolide kapena ndi sheen wofiirira. Mapikowo ndi a bulauni. Mutuwu ndi zamarombo. Kutsogolo kwa khosi ndi chifuwa ndi utoto wofiirira. Kumbuyo kwa mutu kuli nthenga zazitali zagolidi zolumikizidwa kubiriwira kumtunda.

Dera lakuseri kwa khosi limakhala lamtambo kapena lamtambo wofiirira. Mtundu wakutsogolo uli ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a mawanga. Pafupifupi nthenga zonse za thupi lapamwamba zimakhala ndi malire ofiira. Pansi pake ndizopepuka. Mimba nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiirira. Mlomo ndi miyendo yachikasu.

Mitundu ingapo yamafinya wamba imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pheasant wa ku Georgia amakhala ndi bulauni pamimba yake yokonzedwa ndi nthenga zonyezimira. Mtundu wa pheasant waku Japan umakhala wobiriwira kwambiri. Mtundu wa Khiva pheasant, ubweya wofiirira umapambana.

Zachikazi sizimasiyana ndi maonekedwe okongola. Chifukwa chake, chilengedwe chimateteza, chimawapangitsa kukhala osawoneka kwa adani, zimapangitsa kubala ndi kudyetsa ana. Utoto wa akazi nthawi zambiri umakhala wamitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bulauni.

Khalidwe ndi moyo

Mwini wa zokongola zotere m'moyo ayenera kubisala nthawi zonse, kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi adani. Pheasant ndi amanyazi kwambiri komanso osamala. Amakonzekera kuthawira ku tchire kapena ili mu udzu wandiweyani.

Momwe zingathekere iye amakwera mumtengo ndikupumira pakati pa masamba. Musanagwe pansi kwanthawi yayitali. Kenako imagwa pansi mwadzidzidzi, mwachangu pansi, ndikusintha mbali mwake ndikulowera njira yopingasa, ikukonzekera mlengalenga.

Pakati pa mamembala onse a banja la nkhuku, pheasant ndi ngwazi yothamanga. Malo omwe amatenga akuthamanga ndizosangalatsanso: amatambasitsa khosi ndi mutu wake mtsogolo, ndikukweza mchira wake. Chifukwa chake, makina ophatikizidwa mwachilengedwe amathandizira kukonza bwino ma aerodynamics othamanga.

Kupatula nyengo yakuswana, yomwe imachitika mchaka, ma pheasants amasungidwa pagulu lomwelo. Magulu azimuna ndi ochulukirapo kuposa magulu achikazi. Maulendo amapangidwa kuti azikasaka chakudya m'mawa ndi madzulo. Ndi kubwera kwa masika, machitidwe amasintha. Ma Pheasant amasungidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a mabanja. Za moyo, sankhani dera lomwe lili pafupi ndi malo osungira, okhala ndi masamba ndi chakudya chochuluka. Kukhazikika m'nkhalango, m'mapiri.

Zili ndi zitsamba zobiriwira kwambiri zomwe zimateteza mbalamezi ku adaniwa zimakonda kwambiri. Zidani zazikulu zokhazokha zikafika pamakoma aminga. Ma tugai ma tugai ndi mabango osagoneka a zigwa za mitsinje amadandaula.

Habitat, malo okhala

Pheasant ndiofalikira: kuchokera ku Pirinei Peninsula kupita kuzilumba za Japan. Amakhala ku Caucasus, Turkmenistan, Far East, North America ndi Europe. Amatha kukhala paliponse, nthawi yozizira, kutalika kwa chivundikiro cha chipale sichidutsa masentimita 20. M'mapiri, gehena imakhala momasuka pamtunda wa 2600 m pamwamba pamadzi.

Zakudya za wamba pheasant

Zakudya za Pheasant zimakhala ndi zakudya zam'mera: mbewu, zipatso, mphukira, zipatso. Bole la mitundu zana la mbewu limadyedwa. Ma pheasants nawonso samakana chakudya chanyama: nyongolotsi, nkhono, tizilombo, akangaude, njoka zazing'ono ndi makoswe.

Komabe, amwewa ambiri amakonda zakudya zam'mera. Pafupifupi mwezi obwera kumene amadya nyama yokha yochokera ku nyama, ndipo akakula amasintha kukhala chakudya chomera.

Kuti mugaye bwino, ma pheasants amafunika kuyendera: miyala. Chakudya chimapezeka pansi, chimakokolola dothi ndi mphamvu zolimba komanso mulomo wakuthwa. Kuchokera tchire tisonkhanitsani chakudya chopumira. Pa nthawi yomwe chakudya chikhala chochepa, amatha kupeza zotsalira pazipatsozo.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Ndi kudza kwa masika, ma pheasants akuyamba nthawi yakukhwima. Ngati amuna ndi akazi oyambirirawo adakhala mosiyana, tsopano zinthu zasintha. Amuna olekana ndi paketi ndikunyamuka. Popeza adasankha kapena atenga gawo la pafupifupi 400-500 metres, amayamba kuteteza mwachidwi.

Kuti achite izi, amayendayenda kuderalo, uku akuwonetsa amuna ena kuti gawo lawalirali, mbali inanso kuitana akazi. Akazi, mosiyana ndi amuna, sayenda m'modzi nthawi imodzi, amakhala m'magulu a anthu atatu. Kuchokera pagululo, abambawa amasankha mwanzeru mnzake.

Pansi pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe, abumwa amakhala amodzi, koma ali mu ukapolo amawonetsa mitala.

Amunawa akumenya nkhondo mwachangu ndi abale awo, kuteteza gawo la 400-500 metres ndipo amayendayenda mosalekeza, kuteteza kuti asalowe ndiku kuitanira akazi okha. Akazi amabwera m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu atatu. Wamphongo amasankha mkazi ndikukwatira naye.

Dansi yokomera kapena yamakono ya pheasant imayamba chifukwa chakuti phegent imakwera ndikuyamba kumenya kwambiri mapiko ake kuti asakhudze nthaka. Poterepa, mchira umatseguka, umadzuka ndi madigiri 45-50. Nthaka zamphongo, zimasula dothi, ndipo zimatenga mbewuzo ndi kuzikanda, potero zimayitanira chachikazi.

Nyimbo zomwe pheasant amapanga pakalipano ndizosangalatsa. Pali kubuula kwakukuru muukwati, komwe kumakhala ndi magulu awiri "kh-kh". Uku ndikumvekera, kwakufupi, pang'ono pang'onong'ono komanso mkokomo waukulu. Pambuyo pake, pheasant nthawi zambiri amawuluka mapiko ake mwachangu ndikugwedezeka m'mawu. Ndipo pali liwu lachiwiri la pheasant, pakusangalala komanso kuyandikira pafupi ndi mkazi, amatulutsa "gu-gu-gu" yokhala chete.

Asanayambe kukopeka ndi amuna, madera omwe amakhalanso ndi thupi amayambiranso. Pambuyo pakuchita bwino, yamphongo imatsegula mchira wake ndi mapiko ake kwa mkaziyo ndikugwada mutu wake pansi kwambiri, kotero kuti pafupifupi imagwira pansi. Kenako amayenda mnzake pang'onopang'ono ndikupanga mawu ofuula. Pamafunika kukhala pachibwenzi ndi munthu wabwino, abambowo amamanga chisa.

Amachita izi pawokha, wamwamuna samatenga nawo mbali pantchito yomanga chisa ndi maphunziro a anapiye. Kuzama kwa chisa kumayambira 2 mpaka 12 cm, mainchesi 12-30 cm. Nthawi zambiri amamangidwa pansi, pomwe amabisidwa bwino mu udzu kapena m'makwalala akuwala.

Yaikazi imayikira mazira a mtundu wa bulauni pafupifupi pakati pa Marichi - kumayambiriro kwa Epulo. Amachita izi kamodzi patsiku. Mazira okwanira 8 mpaka 12 amapezeka. Kenako yaikazi imakhazikitsa mazira kwa masiku 22-25. Munthawi imeneyi, samadzuka pakumanga, amathamangitsa othamangitsana ndikuziteteza kumtsogolo.

Zachikazi zimaletsedwa kokha ngati mphamvu zake zichoka. Amadzuka chonde kuti adye. Zotsatira zake, kulemera kwa mkazi kumachepetsedwa pafupifupi theka. Nthawi zina, yamphongo imakhala pafupi ndipo imabweretsa chakudya.

Magulu a pheasants amapezeka ngakhale nthawi yophukira, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri wamkazi amatulutsa dzira limodzi litagona nthawi imodzi. Izi zimachitika ngati woyamba kubadwa wagundika m'manja mwa zilombo ndipo mkaziyo alibe chisankho koma kuyesa kuchedwetsanso kuyambiranso.

Nyama zotsalira zimangokhala mchisa kwa maola angapo, kenako zimatsata amayi awo mosaka kudya. Amafunikira chitetezo masiku pafupifupi 80, koma atatha masiku 12 mpaka 15 amatha kuuluka. Yaikazi imaphunzitsira anapiye kuti apeze chakudya, ndipo poyamba zakudya za ana ndizakudya zomanga thupi. Kutha msanga mu ma pheasants ang'ono kumayamba pa tsiku la 220 la moyo, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti apanga munthu wamkulu wodziimira payekha.

Kuyambira tsiku la 250, ma pheasants ambiri amayamba kubereka. Monga lamulo, amuna amachita izi, popeza thumba losunga mazira mumtundu wa akazi lokha ndi kuphukira kwotsatira. Mu ukapolo, akazi amagwirizana ndikusamalira ana onse.

Adani achilengedwe

Adani achilengedwe anyani wamba ndi ankhandwe, nkhandwe, cordars, lynxes, agalu amtchire, komanso mitundu ina ya mbalame zodyedwa, monga kadzidzi, kambuku.

M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, pafupifupi 80% ya anthu amafa mchaka choyamba cha moyo.

M'masiku ano, choopsa chachikulu kwa pheasants ndi munthu. Nyama yofunikira, yopatsa thanzi ya mbalamezi ndi chifukwa chomwe imasakira. Munthu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito agalu osaka pokola ma pheasants, omwe ndi osavuta komanso othamanga kwa mbalamezi. Atapeza pheasant, galu amayendetsa pa mtengo ndipo nthawiyo mbalameyo ikachoka, mlenjeyo amawombera.

Mtengo wosodza

Nyama yotsekemera komanso yopatsa thanzi yakhala yamtengo wapatali kwa anthu. Magalamu 100 ali ndi 254 kcal. Nyama ya Pheasant imathandiza thupi, imachulukitsa kukana matenda osiyanasiyana, imalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Kubzala kwa Pheasant kunayamba m'zaka za zana la 19. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito posaka, chakudya, komanso chokongoletsera bwalo. Ntchito zokongoletsera nthawi zambiri zimachitidwa ndi wogulitsa golide.

M'zaka za zana la 20, kubereka ma pheasants ku malo achinsinsi kunakhala chinthu chofala. Ogulitsa nyumba amabweretsera phindu lalikulu kwa eni ake. Nthambi yopatula ya kubzala ikupezeka.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Ziweto za pheasants zikuchira msanga ngakhale kuti amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri posaka. Zina mwazinthu zachilengedwe, kuchuluka kumakhudzidwa ndi nyengo komanso nyama zodya. Poyamba, kuchepa kwa ziwerengero kumachitika nyengo yachisanu ikayamba kuzizira.