Siamang - nyani yemwe ndi wa banja la a Gibbon. Siamese amapanga mtundu, womwe umakhala ndi mtundu umodzi wokha. Ziphuphuzi zimakhala kum'mwera kwa chilumba cha Malaysia komanso kumadzulo kwa chilumba cha Sumatra. Malo omwe amakhala ndi nkhalango zotentha. Nyama zimakhala momasuka ponseponse kumapiri komanso kumapiri mpaka 3800 mita pamwamba pa nyanja. Anthu okhala ku peninsula ndi Sumatra amapanga magulu awiri osiyanasiyana. Kunja, nyani awa ndi ofanana, koma ali ndi kusiyana mumachitidwe.

Mawonekedwe

Chovala cha nyama izi ndizitali, zowondera komanso zakuda kwambiri, pafupifupi zakuda, pakati pa zovala zonse. Zatsogola ndizitali kwambiri kuposa miyendo yakumbuyo. Oimira amtunduwu ali ndi ma cell opangidwa bwino. Chifukwa chake, mawu omwe amapanga amamveka makilomita angapo. Kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira 75 mpaka 90 cm. Kutalika kwakukulu kojambulidwa ndi 1.5 metres. Koma zimphona zoterezi ndizosowa kwambiri. Kulemera kumasiyana 8 mpaka 14 kg. Awa ndi oimira wamkulu komanso wolemera kwambiri pa banja la gibbon.

Kubalana komanso chiyembekezo chamoyo

Nyaniwa amakhala m'mabanja. M'gulu lililonse loterolo mumakhala wamwamuna ndi wamkazi, ana awo aang'ono ndi anyamata osakhwima. Omaliza amachoka m'banjamo akadzakwanitsa zaka 6-8. Nthawi yomweyo, akazi achichepere amachoka kale kuposa amuna. Mimba imatenga miyezi 7.5. Monga lamulo, mwana wamwamuna mmodzi amabadwa. Amuna, pamodzi ndi akazi, amawonetsa chisamaliro cha abambo kwa ana. Zaka ziwirizi zili pafupi ndi amayi ndipo mchaka cha 3 chokha cha moyo chimayamba kuchoka kwa amayi. Nthawi imeneyi, kudyetsa mkaka kumatha.

Kuphatikiza pa monogamous, magulu a polyandric adapezeka kum'mwera kwa Sumatra. Mwa iwo, amuna samalabadira makanda. Kutha msambo m'mitundu imeneyi kumachitika zaka 6-7. Zoti moyo wamtchire sizikudziwika. Ali kundende, siamang amakhala zaka 30-33.

Kukhala Ndi Khalidwe Labwino

Oimira nyamazo amakhala ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, kutanthauza kuti amakhala maso kuyambira m'bandakucha mpaka kulowa dzuwa. Masana, dzuwa litalowa, amapuma, kwinaku akusamba ubweya wa wina ndi mnzake kapena kusewera. Amapuma pa nthambi zokulira, atagona kumbuyo kapena m'mimba. Kudyetsa kumachitika m'mawa komanso kumapeto kwa tsikulo. Nyama zimakonda kucheza kwambiri ndipo zimalumikizana momasuka pagulu lawo. Magulu enanso a mabanja amanenedwa mokweza za gawo lawo. Izi zimachitidwa, monga lamulo, kumalire a dziko lawolawo kuti alendo asadziwe kuti zinthuzi zilimo.

Siamangs imatha kusambira, zomwe zimakhala zachilendo kwa ma gibboni ena. Kudumpha kuchokera kunthambi kupita ku nthambi, kumagwirana m'manja. Amadyetsa zakudya zamasamba. Zipatso zimapanga zakudya 60%. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu 160 yamitengo yamitengo imadyedwa. Awa ndi masamba, njere, mphukira, maluwa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timaphatikizidwanso m'zakudya.

Chiwerengero

Za chiwerengero cha anyani, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu a 2002, 22,390 siamangans amakhala ku Sumatra. Koma pali chivundikiro chachikulu kwambiri kuposa choti chili pachilumba cha Malaysia. Koma mu 1980, anyaniwa kuthengo, analipo 3,000 .. Kuchepetsa kwakukulu kukuwonekera. Masiku ano, nthumwi za mitunduyi zimakhala m'malo otetezedwa. Awa ndi malo osungirako mayiko ndi malo osungira, omwe amafikira khumi.

Siamang nyani

Siamang imakula kuchokera pa 75 mpaka 90 cm ndipo imalemera kuchokera pa 8 mpaka 13 kg, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yayikulu komanso yolemera kwambiri kuposa ma gibbons onse. Chovala chake cholochedwa chakuda, ndipo manja ake, monga oimira onse a Gibbon subfamily, ndiwotalika kwambiri ndipo amatha kufikira mita 1.5. Nyaniwa watulutsa khosi lakhosi kuti azigwiritsa ntchito poyimba. Chifukwa cha izi, kuyimba kwa siamangs kumveka kwa makilomita 3-4. Nkhope ya mmero mwa akazi ndi amuna nthawi zonse amakhala amaliseche. Diploid chromosome yokhala - 50.

Siamangs amakhala kumwera kwa Peninsula ya Malaysia komanso ku Sumatra. Amakhala otakataka masana ndipo amakhala m'nkhalango zowirira, nthawi yambiri amakhala pamitengo. Mothandizidwa ndi mikono yawo yayitali, siamangs ikugwada mosiyanasiyana kuchoka ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi. Amasambiranso bwino (kusiyanitsa pakati pa magiboni). Monga ma giboni onse, amakhala mosawerengeka. Banja lililonse limakhala momwe limakhalira, momwe limatetezera mwamphamvu kwa akunja. Chakudya cha Siamese chimakhala ndi masamba ndi zipatso, nthawi zina zimadyanso mazira a mbalame ndi tating'ono tating'ono.

Pakapita miyezi isanu ndi iwiri, mkaziyo amabereka mwana wamwamuna mmodzi. Pazaka pafupifupi ziwiri, amadya mkaka wa mayi wake ndipo amakhala wokhwima pakati pa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Malinga ndi IUCN, siamanges si mtundu wowopsa. Komabe, ali pachiwopsezo chochepetsa malo okhala chifukwa cha kudula mitengo. Zina zoyipa pa chiwerengero chawo zidakali chifukwa chosaka.

Zolemba

1. ↑Sokolov V.E. Mtanthauzira wamagulu awiri wa mayina a nyama. Amayi Latin, Russian, English, Germany, French. / kusinthidwa ndi Acad. V. E. Sokolova. - M: Rus. lang., 1984. - S. 93. - 10,000.
2. ↑ 12Akimushkin I.I. Gibboni // Mammals, kapena nyama. - 3rd ed. - M: "Kuganiza", 1994. - S. 418. - 445 p. - (Zinyama). - ISBN 5-244-00740-8

Onaninso

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Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Siamangs amakhala m'magulu a mabanja, omwe amakhala achimuna ndi achikazi ndi ana awo osabereka. Achichepere amachoka pabanjapo ali ndi zaka 6-8, ndipo akazi amachokapo kuposa amuna.

Nthawi ya bere ndi miyezi 7.5. Akazi nthawi zambiri amabereka mwana m'modzi. Abambo, pamodzi ndi amayi, amasamalira ana awo. Kwa zaka ziwiri, makanda amakhala ndi amayi awo nthawi zonse, ndipo amayamba kuchoka kwa iye mchaka chachitatu chokha cha moyo. Nthawi yomweyo, mkaziyo amasiya kudyetsa mwana mkaka.

Siamese okhala ndi miyendo yayitali.

Kummwera kwa Sumatra, magulu a siamang omwe ali ndi ubale wa polyandric adapezeka. M'magulu oterowo, amuna samveranso chidwi ndi ana.

Kutha kwa Siamese kumachitika zaka 6-7. Zambiri zolondola zokhala ndi moyo kuthengo sizipezeka. Ali mu ukapolo, oimira amtunduwu amakhala zaka 30-33.

01.11.2015

Siamang (lat.Symphalangus syndactylus) - primate yemwe amakonda kuimba kwamakola. M'mawa uliwonse, anyani amtunduwu amatulutsa kanthu kakang'ono mozungulira, kukumbukira mawu a kaphokoso ka nthiti kapena kanyenya. Soprano ya akazi imafanana ndi kumenyedwa kwa nyimbo, kenako ndimawu ofanana ndi amwano amtundu wosiyanasiyana wa ana awo, kutengera zaka komanso jenda. Okwatirana opanda ana amayimba nyimbo.

Izi zokhudzana ndi kukongola ndizabanja la Gibbon (lat. Hylobatidae) ndipo ndiwoyimira ake akuluakulu. Ali m'gulu la anyani, akukhala gawo limodzi la maubwenzi, ma chimpanzee ndi gorilla.

Kufalitsa

Mitunduyi imagawidwa pagawo la chilumba cha Sumatra ndi Mala Peninsula, komanso kuzilumba zambiri zazing'ono za malo osungirako zinthu zaku Mala. Malire akumwera kumpoto amadutsa kum'mwera kwa Thailand. Pamakhala nkhalango zoyambilira, zachiwiri komanso zocheperako. Sumatra nthawi zambiri imapezeka kumadera akumadzulo. Imakhala m'malo amapiri pamtunda wa mamita 300 mpaka 500 pamwamba pa nyanja, nthawi zambiri pamadambo pafupi ndi madambo kapena gombe la nyanja. Nthawi zina imakwera m'mapiri mpaka kutalika kwa mamita 1,500. Imagwirizana mwamtendere ndi a Sumatran orangutans, agiboni akuda okhala ndi zida zoyera.

Chilimwe chimayamba kukhala munthawi ya masanjara chaka chonse, ndipo kutentha kwake kukukhazikika kuyambira 22 ° C mpaka 35 ° C. Mvula yamvula pachaka ndi 3000-4000 mm.

Ku Malaysia ndi Thailand, ma subspecies a Hylobates syndactylus Continentalis amakhala.

Kulankhulana

Pafupifupi mawonekedwe 20 ndi mawonekedwe ambiri owoneka bwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito polankhulana wina ndi mnzake pafupi ndi siamanga. Kuyimba ndi kufuula kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa chidziwitso pamtunda wautali. Mapulogalamu akumveka bwino mtunda wa 2 km. Khosi lalikulu la mmero limathandizira kuti liwathandize.

Nyimbo za Duet zimatha mpaka mphindi 20. Samangowonetsera alendo osawadziwa malire a chiwembu, komanso amathandizira kulimbikitsa maubale mbanja.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Pafupifupi theka la zakudya zimakhala ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana, zotsalazo zimakhala mphukira, masamba, maluwa ndi nyama zazing'ono zopanda pake, makamaka zazikulu ndi akangaude.

Pafupifupi 37% ya menyu ndi nkhuyu zakuthengo, womwe ndi gwero lamphamvu lamphamvu ndi kufufuza zinthu zamtunduwu. Amadyedwa makamaka m'mawa ndi madzulo.

Udindo wopanda kanthu mu chakudya umaseweredwa ndi mazira a mbalame ndi anapiye. Gulu limodzi la zinyama limakhala mnyumba mpaka 40 ha. Ndikakolola bwino, imatha kudyetsa m'malo amodzi masiku angapo motsatana.

Kufotokozera

Kutalika kwa thupi kumafika 70-90 masentimita, ndipo kutalika kwa kutsogolo kumakulirakawiri. Kulemera kuli pafupifupi 10-12 kg. Amuna akulu akulu amatha kulemera mpaka 23 kg. Ubweya ndi wakuda, nsidze ndi zofiirira kapena zoyera. Selo lalikulu la pakhosi ndilopanda tsitsi. Nkhope yake ndi yosalala. Mphuno ndi yotakata ndi mphuno zapakati. Mphumi ndi yopapatiza, maso ndi okhazikika. Chala chachiwiri ndi chachitatu cholumikizidwa ndi minofu yolumikizira. Chiyembekezo chamoyo mu vivo sichidutsa zaka 30. Ali kundende, siamang amakhala zaka 35.

Mawonekedwe ndi Kubala

Nyaniwa amakhala ndi chotupa chakumaso chopangidwa bwino ngati kugwira ntchito ngati akuimba - chifukwa cha ichi, akuyimba siamang zomveka makilomita 3-4. Nkhope ya mmero mwa akazi ndi amuna nthawi zonse amakhala amaliseche. Mosiyana ndi ma gibboni ena, siamangs amasambira bwino kwambiri. Pakadutsa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri, yaikaziyo imabereka mwana wamwamuna mmodzi ndikuyipatsa mkaka pafupifupi zaka ziwiri. Achinyamata ayamange amakula msinkhu wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Anyani okopa

Agibons ndi anyani okhawo omwe amadziwa bwino zoyenda limodzi ndi nthambi mothandizidwa ndi manja ngati Tarzan, wotchedwa brachiation mu zoology. Ngakhale anyani onse apamwamba amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe achindunji ndi mikono yayitali yolumikizika mapewa, ma giboni okha ndi omwe ali ndi mikono yayitali kwambiri yomwe imatha kuuluka kuchokera pamtengo kupita pamtengo mosavuta. M'manja ndi kumapazi a siamang pali zala zazikulu zakugwirira, ndipo chala chake chikutsutsana ndi enawo, ndikupereka mlandu. Ma Siamang ndi nyama zolimba motero amayenda limodzi ndi nthambi zambiri kuposa mitundu yaying'ono ya gibbons.

Dziko la Siamang ndi nkhalango yachinyezi ya Sumatra ndi Malaysia kuchokera ku nkhalango zobiriwira mapiri ataliatali mpaka 1,500 m kupita kumapiri otentha. Amadyetsa mitengo yam'mapiri kumtunda, komwe masamba ndi nkhungu zambiri zimakonda kupindika.

Moyo wabanja

Ma Siamang ndi anyani oyambirirawa, ndipo popeza chachikazi chimabweretsa mwana wang'ombe osapezekanso zaka ziwiri zilizonse, banja silinakhalepo ndi ana opitilira awiri kapena atatu. Tate amayamba kusamalira mwana wazaka chimodzi, yemwe amamuphunzitsa kuyendetsa mosadukiza nthambi. Pofika zaka 6, mwana wangayu samachita chilichonse ngati munthu wamkulu, amatha msinkhu chaka chotsatira.

Pofika zaka 8, mtsogoleri amachotsa anyamata achinyamata. Kuti akope abwenzi ndikuyambitsa banja, bachelor achichepere amapanga "makonsati", kulengeza nkhalangoyi ndi mawu omveka, ndipo pamapeto pake atenga tsamba lawo, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala pafupi ndi kholo.

Masana asanakwane komanso madzulo banja lachi Siamese limasonkhana kuti lipumule ndikumeta tsitsi la wina ndi mnzake. Kuphatikiza ndi njira yofunika yolumikizirana yomwe imalimbitsa maubanja komanso ubale pakati pa akulu ndi ana.

Kukonda kuyimba

M'mawa uliwonse, ma nsapato amakhala mokulira amalandira kutuluka kwa dzuwa. "Konsatire" nthawi zambiri imayamba ndi chidwi cha amuna ndi akazi achikulire, chomwe banja lonse limalumikizana. Wamphongo amalira mokweza, ndipo achikazi ndi achinyamatawo "amamuyimbira" ndikumuwuza ndi mawu osokosera. Cantata chimakhala pafupifupi mphindi 15.

Chikwama chachikulu cha pakhosi cha siamang chomwe chimakhala ngati chopanda mphamvu, chifukwa chake, chilimbikitso cha chilombocho chikhoza kumveka pakayenda kwa ola limodzi kuchokera pamenepo. Mtundu uliwonse wa gibbon uli ndi malo ake okhala, makamaka azimayi ndi nyimbo "nkhani zowopsa" zomwe banjazi limathamangitsa abalewo kuchoka pamalo awo. Kufuula kwa siamanga ndikwaphokoso kwambiri kotero kuti banja lodziwika bwino silimangokhala ndi ufulu wokhala ndi tsamba linalake, komanso limatinso likugulitsa maboma.

Ngati mitundu ina ya ma giboni nthawi zambiri imakhala ikulimbana ndi alendo osayitanidwa, ndiye kuti ma saamang amakhala ndi phokoso lokwanira, ndipo monga lamulo, silimenya ndewu.

Ubale ndi munthu

Ma Giboni amakhala ndi malo apadera mu nthano zamitundu yamatchire. Popeza kulibe mchira, kuwonekera mwachindunji ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino zimawapatsa mawonekedwe ofanana ndi munthu. Chifukwa chake, anthu akumaloko samawasaka ndipo ngakhale amawalambira ngati mizimu yabwino ya m'nkhalango. Choopsa chachikulu ku ma giboni sikuti kusaka, koma chiwonongeko cha malo chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa.

Dziko

Zithunzi zokongola kwambiri za nyama zachilengedwe komanso malo osungira nyama padziko lonse lapansi. Mafotokozedwe atsatanetsatane a moyo komanso zodabwitsa zokhudza nyama zakuthengo komanso zoweta kuchokera kwa olemba athu - akatswiri azachilengedwe. Tikuthandizani kuti mudzame m'chilengedwe chosangalatsa ndikuwona mbali zonse za dziko lapansi zomwe sizinapatsidwe chiyambi!

Maziko Olimbikitsira Maphunziro a Chikhulupiriro ndi Kuzindikira kwa Ana ndi Akuluakulu "ZOOGALACTICS ®" OGRN 1177700014986 TIN / KPP 9715306378/771501001

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