Mbalame zimapezeka ku Europe, Asia, Australia, Africa, komanso kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa North America m'malo opezeka m'madzi komanso m'madzi. Amakhala pafupi ndi mchenga kapena miyala kapena mitsinje, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala kutali ndi gombe. Mtunduwu umasambira m'matanthwe ndi kuzilumba za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, pakati pamiyala ndi nyumba. Mbalame zokhala m'malo mwake zimamanga zisa pamitengo, tchire, mabango, ngakhale malo opanda.

p, blockquote 2.0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 3,1,0,0,0 ->

Zizolowezi ndi moyo

Cormorants zazikulu zimagwira ntchito masana, kusiya malo ogona m'mawa kwambiri ndikubwerera ku chisa pafupifupi ola limodzi, makolo okhala ndi anapiye amafuna chakudya chotalikilapo. Nthawi zambiri tsiku limapuma ndikudyetsa pafupi ndi malo okhala zisa kapena zimbudzi.

p, blockquote 4,0,0,0,0,0,0 ->

Great cormorants sakhala olimbana wina ndi mzake, kupatula malo oweta kumene amawonetsa malo amtunda. Pali ena otsogola ndipo mbalame zapamwamba zimawongolera zakale kwambiri. Kunja kwa nthawi yoswana, ma cormorants amasonkhana m'magulu osiyana siyana.

p, blockquote 5,0,0,1,0 ->

Nyengo yakuswana, anthu opanda banja amakhala kunja kwa ziweto. Ziphuphu ndizokhazikika komanso zosamukira. M'madera ena, mbalame zikuluzikulu zimakhalabe m'malo osungira ndipo siziwuluka kumwera.

p, blockquote 6.0,0,0,0,0 -> p, blockquote 7,0,0,0,1 ->

Maonekedwe a cormorants

Cormorants ndi am'banja la pelican. Amakhala pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi. Banjali lili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 30 ya mbalame, ndipo 6 mwa izo ndizisamba mdziko lathu. Ziphuphu za Baikal ndi amitundu yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Cormorants ndi abale a pelicans.

Amakhala ndi kutalika, ngati mphezi, thupi, khosi kutalika, pali ziwalo pakatikati. Chikwama cha pakhosi chili pakhosi. Mbalame zikagulitsa anapiye, zimakhomera mitu yawo mkamwa mwa makolo awo, pomwe wamkuluyo amawerama khosi ndikuwakankhira kumtanjalo. Mlomo wa ma cormorants ndi woonda komanso wautali, umatha ndi mbeza. Mlomowo umagwira ngati zeze ndi wopindika. Ziwonetsero zama cormorants zakuda, pomwe nthenga zimakhala ndi tinsimbi.

Zimakhala m'mizimba pamodzi ndi mbalame zina. Pomanga zisa, nthambi ndi udzu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Minkhusu imabadwa yamaliseche komanso yopanda thandizo. Popita nthawi, zimakhala ndi nthenga, kenako nthenga, ndipo zimayamba kuuluka.

Mbalame zam'madzi zambiri zimatha kulemera mpaka 4 kilogalamu.

Cormorant ndi mbalame yayikulu m'malo mwake, imatha kulemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 4. Mapikowo amasiyanasiyana kuyambira masentimita 160 mpaka mita imodzi. Makulidwe awa ndi okongola.

Cormorants moyo

Ziphuphu zimakhala ndi moyo wosadukiza ndipo zimawuluka nthawi zonse, masana zimatha kuyenda mtunda wautali. Pakati pa Seputembala, ma cormorant amasonkhana pamagulu a Nyanja ya Baikal, ndipo zodzala zimayamba. Ndipo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira amachoka kunyanjako.

Ziphuphu zimatha kuyenda mtunda wautali.

Mbalamezi zimatha kudumphira m'madzi mwangwiro, monga momwe amaziwonetsera. Amatha kulowa pansi mpaka mamita 50 ndikukhala pansi pa madzi pafupifupi mphindi 10. Pakadumphira, cormorant amatenga nsomba ndikuzipha ndi mbawala yake pamlomo wake.

Zakudya za cormorants zimakhala makamaka ndi nsomba, nsomba zazinkhanira ndi achule. Tsiku lililonse, munthu aliyense amadya mpaka magalamu 300 a nsomba.

Pamaso pa maso a cormorant pali filimu yowoneka bwino, yomwe imakhala ngati magalasi am'madzi ndipo imalola mbalameyo kuti iziwona bwino pansi pa madzi ndikutsatira nyama. Zambiri mwa izo zilibe chinyezi choteteza. Chifukwa chake, nyemba zikatuluka m'madzi, zimayenera kupukuta mapiko ake nthawi yayitali. Ndikokhudzana ndi ma cormorant amenewa omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala "mpweya" wa chiwombankhanga.

Cormorant ndizovuta kuyichotsa pansi.

Mbalamezi sizingachoke pansi, koma zimachita bwino pamitengo kapena pamiyala. Zimakhalanso zovuta kuti atuluke m'madzi. Pa kuthawa, mbalame zonse zimayenda. Chidzu chilichonse mlengalenga chimakhala ndi mtanda wokhazikika.

Chifukwa ninji ndipo ma cormorants adasowa Nyanja ya Baikal?

Mu 1933, malinga ndi akatswiri azachipatala, chiwerengero cha ma cormorants omwe anali kunyanjayi chinali pafupifupi 10,000. Ndipo izi zidayamba kuchepa mwachangu. Zomwe zidapangitsa izi?

Cholinga choyamba chinali Nkhondo Yazikulu za Patriotic, pomwe anthu adayamba kutolera mazira ndikudya anapiye ensese kuchokera ku njala. Anapiyewo anali otenthetsa ndipo adatumizidwa kutsogolo. Koma chifukwa chachikulu chinali kuwonekera kwa ma 50s okwera maboti ambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti zisamavute kwambiri. Anthu anayamba kumenya ma cormorants ndi miyala, zomwe zinakhala mtundu wa masewera. Anawombera mfuti ndipo mazira anasonkhanitsidwa. Ndipo anapiyewo anapita kukadyetsa nyama za ubweya. Komanso kutha kwa mbalame kuchokera ku Baikal kudakhudzidwa ndi kuchepa kwa nsomba. Kukwera kwa madzi pambuyo pomanga Irkutsk Hydroelectric Power Station kunapangitsa kuti ng'ombe zambiri, zomwe ndizo chakudya chachikulu cha ma cormorants.

Ziphuphu ndi mbalame zamtendere.

Mwina kusintha kwachilengedwe pamtunduwo kunachitika, popeza ku Siberia nthawi imeneyo kuchuluka kwa mbalame zina zosamukira, mwachitsanzo, swans, atsekwe, ndi teal, zomwe nthawi yozizira limodzi ndi cormorants pafupi ndi China, zidachepa. Pakadali pano, mbalame zozizira nthawi zambiri zinkaphedwa. Kuphulika kunagwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale kuti ziwonongeke. Mlandu wa Dynamite unamangidwa m'mphepete mwa banki, ndipo mbalame zimasonkhana pansi pa banki. Miyala itagwa, mbalame zikwizikwi zinafa. Anthu anasonkhanitsa mitembo yawo ndikuigwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya.

Mu 1962, zisa zomaliza zopezeka mu Nyanja ya Baikal, zidasowa kwazaka zambiri. Ndipo mosayembekezereka mu 2006 adawonekera pa Nyanja yaying'ono. Chiwerengero cha ma cormorants adayamba kuchira pamlingo womwewo omwe adasowa m'zaka zapitazi. Mu 2012, akatswiri a zamankhwala amawerengetsa pafupifupi ma 600-700 ma nesting cormorants.

Tikukhulupirira kuti zinthu zabwino ngati izi zipitilira ndipo sipadzakhalanso zinthu zovutitsa monga mu 1993.