Tetra Congo (Latin Phenacogrammus interruptus, English Congo Tetra) - nsomba yochokera ku banja la haracin, yomwe ili kumapeto kwa Mtsinje wa Africa.
Monga mukudziwa, ma characin ambiri amakhala m'malo osungirako ku Central ndi South America, ndipo ndi ma genera ochepa okha a ku Africa omwe amakhala. Ku Congo, amakhala m'malo otetezedwa ndi mitengo yambiri yamadzi.
Izi tetras ndizambiri kukula - abambo amakula mpaka 8 cm ndipo akazi amakula mpaka 5 cm. Congo yatchula zakuthwa kwa kugonana.
Oyimira amuna ojambula kwambiri. Amakhala ndi sikelo yayikuru yasiliva yokhala ndi silidescent, chingwe chokhala ndi golide kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo, komanso ziphuphu zokongola, zazitali, zokhala ndi malire oyera. Mchira wa nsomba umakopa chidwi chapadera. Ili ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa ofanana ndi nsonga.
Zovala zachikazi ndizabwino kwambiri. Ndiwocheperako, imvi zambiri, mtundu wa nondescript. Maluso awo omaliza ndi a masiku onse, ndipo mzere wagolide kumbuyo suwoneka.
Ngakhale anali atypical, Congo imakhala mu aquarium chimodzimodzi monga ma characin ena. Amakhala ndi kusamba komweko komanso kusambira komweko, pomwe nsombayo imazizira kwakanthawi ndikusunga malo ake ndi nthito zazifupi.
Congo imasankha bwino za madzi, kotero kwa oyamba oyenda pansi pamadzi, sioyenera konse, chifukwa pamafunika zizolowezi kuchokera kwa eni ake pakusamalira kanyumba. Kuti nsombazi zizikhala nthawi yayitali ndikusangalatsa eni ake ndi mtundu wawo wa utawaleza, ndimafunso kuti apange zinthu zomwe zikufanana kwambiri ndi biotope ya malo osungira ku Africa:
- Tetra Congo ndi gulu lopita kusukulu, ndipo ndibwino kuti izisungire pagulu lalikulu la michira ya 6-8.
- Popeza awa ndi nsomba zoyambira kusukulu zapakati, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti zizisungidwa mumisili yayitali. Kwa gulu la nsomba mudzafunika malita 80.
- Uku ndikuwoneka bwino kwambiri, wamanyazi komanso wamanyazi. Patulani nsomba izi mosamala, zofunikira zakupsinjika ziyenera kuchepetsedwa. Simungathe kuwopsa tetras pogogoda pagalasi ndikutsitsa manja anu m'madzi kapena zinthu zina zakunja. Ndikwabwino kukhazikitsa aquarium m'malo opanda phokoso momwe mulibe kuyenda.
- Popeza zachilengedwe zimakhala mumthunzi, m'madzi, nsomba izi sizimakonda kuwala kowala, motero ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito kuyatsa kwamdima. Zomera zingapo zoyandama zithandizira kuwononga ma ray ndikupanga madera omata.
- Tetra uyu alibe chidwi ndi mbewu, amatuluka masamba osangalatsa ndi masamba pang'ono. Kuti tipewe izi kapena kuchepetsa nsomba zomwe timalakalaka kuti tidye, timalimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza muzakudya zomwe zimachokera kuzomera: duckweed, scandeled dandelion ndi masamba a nettle, chakudya chowuma chomwe chili ndi spirulina.
- Njira yabwino kwambiri yokongoletsera malo osungirako nyumba ndi malo am'madzi aku Africa ogwiritsa ntchito zigoba, mbewu zoyandama ndi anubias. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusiya malo okwanira kusambira.
- Pochita mantha ndi kuyenda kwadzidzidzi kapena kugogoda pagalasi, dziko la Kongo limachita mantha ndi kudumpha kuchokera mumadzi, chifukwa chake chidebecho chimayenera kukhala ndi chivindikiro kapena galasi yophimba.
- Makamaka mosamala muyenera kuyandikira kusintha kwa madzi. Pafupifupi 20-25% ya voliyumu yonse ya m'madzi imayenera kusinthidwa sabata iliyonse. Ndikwabwino kupanga zina zazing'ono tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Nsomba izi zimakonda madzi ofewa komanso pang'ono acid, koma zimatha kukhala movutikira komanso malo osalowerera ndale. Ngati mukufuna kusodza nsomba, ndiye kuti opanga amafunika kuti azisungidwa m'madzi ofewa, chifukwa izi zingakhudze mtundu wa caviar.
Magawo oyendetsedwa ndi madzi:
- kutentha: 23-28 ° С,
- acidity: 6.0-7.5 pH,
- kuuma: 3-18 ° dH.
Wamkazi Tetra Congo.
Kudyetsa
Mtundu wopatsa chidwi womwe umadya tizilombo ndi mphutsi zake, ma invertebrates osiyanasiyana, zooplankton ndi algae zachilengedwe. Ndiwosavomerezeka mu aquarium, imadya nyama yamtundu wokhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana ndi chisangalalo. Osakana chakudya chowuma.
Zakudya zina zimayenera kukhala zokhazokha, kotero kudyetsa kuchokera ku michere ya scalded ndi algae kungapindulitse nsomba ndikusunga zomera zam'madzi.
Kuswana
Kuberekanso muukapolo ndizovuta kwambiri, koma ndizotheka.
Kukula kwa kugonana kwa tetro Congo kumachitika mu miyezi 10-12. Pakuswana musankhe amuna okongola kwambiri achikazi ndi akazi athunthu. Amayikidwa mumtambo wokhazikika ndipo amaloledwa kuti azikhalamo. Nsomba zimazolowera chilengedwe chatsopano kwa nthawi yayitali, pafupifupi masiku 4-5.
Kubalaza kuyenera kukonzekereratu. Madziwo ali mkati mwake ayenera kukhala ofewa, mpaka 3 ° dH, osalowerera, kutentha kwake kumayenera kukhala kwamadigiri angapo kuposa a aquarium wamba. Kuti opanga azitha kuzika mizu, ndibwino kumeta makhoma ndi pepala lakuda.
Zomera zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ngati gawo logawika; ndikofunikira kuti mzere pansi ndi izo. Kutupa kwabwino kotchedwa tra ndi caviar. Pambuyo pofalikira, opanga amachotsedwa pakufalikira.
Kutulutsa kumayamba m'mawa, mphindi 20-30 mutayatsa nyali. Amphongo amayamba kuthamangitsa zazikazi ndikuziwonetsa zipsepse zake zophimba. Kuvina kumatha ndikuwonetseranso kwamphongo wamwamuna pamtengowo, kotero kutalikirana kumayenera kukhala ndi makhoma okwanira.
Kuchepetsa kumatha kukhala awiri kapena gulu, pomwe akazi awiri pa amuna onse awiri. Amuna amathira mkaka wambiri m'madzi, chifukwa chake amalemeretsedwa ndi organic, womwe ndi malo osungirako bowa.
Yaikazi imamera mazira pafupifupi 200, omwe makulidwe ake amakhala masiku 6. Mu maola 24-48 oyamba, mazira ena nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi bowa ndi kuyera. Ayenera kuchotsedwa mosamala ndi pipette. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri, popeza chipolopolo cha caviar ndi chochepa thupi komanso misozi mosavuta.
Pambuyo masiku 6, makulitsidwe amathera, ndipo ana amakokana, ndikuyamba kudya patatha masiku awiri atabadwa. Monga chakudya choyambira gwiritsani ntchito ciliates, nauplii artemia, cyclops ndi microworms.
Monga lamulo, ana si ambiri, koma amakula msanga.
Kugwirizana
Tetra Congo ndi nsomba yayikulu yam'madzi wamba. Zimakhala bwino ndi ma tetras ena, ma iris, amphaka wamtendere, zebrafish, masamba ndi shrimp. Ma cichlids amtendere, monga pelvicachromis ndi microgeophagus okhala pansi, adzakhala oyandikana abwino ndi awa a tetras oyandama mumtsinje.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge Congo ngati momwemodzi mumakhala nsomba zomwe zimatulutsa zipsepse, monga Sumatran barbs. Popeza Kongo ndi nsomba yamanyazi komanso yabwino, ndibwino kuti isakhale ndi nzika zazikulu komanso zogwira ntchito, zomwe zimangokhala zopsinja.
Makhalidwe wamba
Congo ili ponseponse m'chilengedwe ndipo sikhala pangozi. Idafotokozedwa mu 1899 ndipo adalandira dzina lasayansi phenacogrammus interruptus. Imapezeka ku Africa, ku Zaire. Amakonda kukhala m'madzi amdima komanso amdima. Nsomba zimakhala pagulu, zimadyetsa tizilombo, kubzala zinyalala ndi mphutsi.
Nsomba yaku Congo ndi tetra yayikulu. Wachikulire amafika kutalika kwa masentimita 8.5. Akazi ndi ocheperako - 6 cm.Pakati amakhala ndi zaka 5. Mtundu wa masikelo umawoneka wonyezimira bwino kuchokera pamtambo wonyezimira mpaka wachikasu. Mphepo yophimba ndi yoyera yoyera.
Muvidiyoyi muphunzira zambiri za nsomba:
Nsomba za ku aquarium ku Congo zili ndi thupi la ovoid Kutalika komanso kolowera. Imapindika pambuyo pake. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi zipsepse zofiirira zosazolowereka zokhala ndi mchenga wamchenga. Mchira wake ndi wamtambo komanso wotuluka pakati. Mapeto ake ndiwotalikirapo komanso wamtali. Zachikazi sizowala ngati zazimuna.
Congo imakhudzidwa ndi oyandikana nawo okhala m'madzimo, chifukwa ena mwa iwo amatha kuwukira mwamphamvu ndikuphwanya zipsepse. Ndi wamanyazi makamaka ndipo anzawo omwe amalimba mtima kwambiri sangamupatse chakudya. Iyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti chakudya chikaperekedwe kwa onse okhala m'madzimo.
Amalumikizana bwino ndi neon wakuda, maiwe amphaka, ma lalauses, agogo.
Zosamalidwa
- kutentha kutentha - 28 ° C,
- kusefa
- gawo lamadzi limasinthidwa sabata iliyonse,
- masamba oyandama pamtunda,
- masamba a bulauni pansi
- pH yosatenga mbali kapena acidic ya 6.0-7.5.
Musaiwale kupereka nsomba zoyenera
Ndikwabwino kusunga nsomba mumgulu la anthu 10-15, omwe ambiri mwa iwo amakhala amuna. Kwa anthu angapo oterowo, mumasowa ma aquarium okhala ndi ma 50 - 70 malita. Kuti mumve bwino, nsomba zimafunika kuyatsa bwino. Amatha kudumpha kuchokera m'madzi, kotero Aquarium iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi chivindikiro ndikusiyira malo mwaulere pakati pake ndi madzi.
Congo amadya zamtundu zosiyanasiyana kunyumba. :
Ndikofunika kuti musinthe zodyetsa nthawi zonse, chifukwa nsomba zimazolowera. Ndikofunikira kusankha mtundu wodziwika bwino wa ma flakes ndi granules, apo ayi pali ngozi yogula zinthu zotsika mtengo. Onetsetsani kuti mukuwonjezera zinthu zamtchire ndi algae. Zakudya zingapo zimafunikira patsiku.
Kubzala nsomba
Ukonde umayikidwa pansi pa nyanja, chifukwa anthu ena amadya mazira awo. Onetsetsani kuti kuyatsa nyali zowala bwino, mbewu zimakhala pansi, monga chilengedwe chimawonekera mumtengo. Nthawi zina kukonzekera kumatenga masiku angapo, nthawi zina kumayamba nthawi yomweyo. Wamphongo amalondola achikazi. Amatha kuyikira mazira 300. koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zidutswa za 100-200. Ambiri amafa tsiku loyamba.
Fry wadzaza kwathunthu amawonekera patsiku lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Amadyetsedwa artemia, ma rotifers, mbewu zosankhidwa. Mutha kupatsa mazira yolira ndi ma ciliates. Mwachangu imafika pakutha pa miyezi 10.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Nsomba za ku Congo zidwala chifukwa cha zovuta. Kuphwanya kusefera, voliyumu yaying'ono yamadzi, ndi zina zambiri - zonsezi zimayambitsa kudziwitsidwa kwa ziphe m'madzi. Kusatetezeka kwa anthu kumagwa, ndipo amayamba kupweteketsa. Chifukwa chake, ngati nzika zam'madzi zikuyamba kufa, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuwunika momwe amasungidwira ndikuwakhazikitsa.
Ngati nsomba yabwera pa nsomba, idwala
Kupsinjika kumakhalanso chifukwa chowopsa. Imalandiridwa chifukwa cha malo ang'onoang'ono komanso oyandikana nawo. Anthu achidwi amasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka, zipsepepala zolocha ndi utoto wotuwa. Kugula ndi kunyamula nsomba mkati mwake kumamuvutitsa. Kuti muchepetse, yatsani kuyatsa kwa aquarium ndipo osakusokoneza kwa maola 12 mutayamba kuyambira m'madzi.
Maonekedwe a fluff, moss ndi ubweya wa thonje pamthupi la nsomba ndi chotsatira cha matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Ndi zotupa zama bakiteriya, zotupa, zilonda, zotupa, kapena ntchofu zimawonekera pamakala. Ndikwabwino kubzala anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo padera la aquarium nthawi yayitali. Ndikofunika kuti muchite izi ngati zizindikiro zilizonse zokayikitsa zikaonekera. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe mwakambirana ndi veterinarian , popeza milandu iliyonse imafunikira munthu payekha.
Phenacogrammus interruptus (Boulenger, 1899), kapena mwinanso mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya Africa characinis mu amateur aquariums. Mwina nsomba iyi imadziwika kwa inu mwa amodzi mwa mayina awa: "Kongo wokongola", "Royal congo", "utawaleza phenacogrammus" kapena "utawaleza wam'madzi".
Mwachilengedwe, mitunduyi imapezeka ku Congo Basin. Kwa nthawi yoyamba ku Europe, nsomba zinangotengedwa mu 1949.
Ambiri mwa omwe amaperekedwa pamsika ndi okulirapo ku Southeast Asia komanso m'mabizinesi opanga nsomba ku Eastern Europe.
Kukula Kongo sizidutsa 10 cm, ndipo amuna ndi okulirapo kuposa achikazi omwe kutalika kwawo ndikutalika kwa 7 cm.
At Kongo thupi lalitali, lokakamizika kwambiri pambuyo pake, lokhazikika ndi mamba akulu othandizira. Nthawi iliyonse, kumbuyo kwa abambo kumakhala kozungulira, thupi lonse limakhala ndi mtundu wamtambo wobiriwira. Kuchokera pamutu mpaka pamunsi pa caudal fin, pamakhala Mzere wa lalanje wachikasu. Maso akulu akulu akuda, opakidwa utoto wabuluu, amawoneka modabwitsa.
Kudzikongoletsa kopanda kukayika kwa amuna ndi chifanizo chofewa chaimvi-violet. Pulogalamu yokhala ndi ma dorsal yolimba kwambiri nthawi zambiri imatha ma ray angapo. Ma anal anal amakhala ngati chophimba chofikira kumunsi kwa mchira. Malawi a caudal amakhalanso achilendo, mkati mwake mumakhala nthenga zingapo ngati za nthenga. Chiwerengero, kukula ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi osiyana ndi aliyense payekha.
Zachikazi zazing'ono ndizocheperapo pang'ono ndipo sizikhala ndi zipsepse zosalala. Nthawi zina zikafika zaka ziwiri, zazimayi zina pakati pa nkhomaliro zakumapazi zimatha kuwona zikhalidwe zazing'ono zakutuluka.
Kongo - nsomba zophunzirira. Chifukwa chake, amayenera kusungidwa pagulu la anthu osachepera asanu ndi atatu (moyenera 10-15), ndi ochepa nsomba akakhala amanyazi.
Kongo amakonda kukhala pamtunda wamadzi wapamwamba komanso wapakati. Oyandikana nawo abwino kwambiri amawayang'ana ngati iris, makonde ndi ma cichlids amtendere.
Sayenera kusungidwa ndi nsomba zamtopola zomwe zimatha kuthyola zipsepsa zamphongo zazimuna.
Zambiri Kongo osati vuto. Nsomba ndi zamtendere, zosagwira matenda opatsirana. Amamva bwino m'madzi akhama komanso ofewa (dGH mpaka 20 °), kutentha kutengera 21 mpaka 25 ° С. Kutalika ndi kusefa ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Kongo - Osambira achangu, motero amafunika malo osambira okwanira bwino, okhala ndi malo okhala ndi mitengo komanso malo opanda malo osambira, momwe amakonzera masewera awo. Amuna, akufinya zipsepse zake zazikulu, amathamangitsa wina ndi mnzake, akumagwa pansi ndikugona mbali, akuwoneka wobiriwira. Potentha mitundu yawo Kongo amatha kudumphira kunja kwa aquarium, chifukwa chake iyenera kutsekedwa pamwamba ndi chivindikiro kapena chivundikiro.
Tetra Congo. Dueli la amuna
Masewera otere, nthawi zina nsomba zimayiwala za chakudya, ngakhale samadandaula chifukwa chosowa chakudya. Amakondwera kudya mitundu yonse ya zakudya zam'moyo. Nsomba zomwe zimakonda kwambiri nsomba ndi nsikidzi zam'madzi, nthawi zina zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri pakati pa daphnia.
Koma zabwino kwambiri kwa iwo ndi Drosophila ndi tizilombo tina touluka, zomwe zimawoneka pamadzi, popeza m'chilengedwe Congo imadya kwambiri mphutsi zosadziwika bwino komanso chakudya chotchedwa chouluka.
Zakudya zoyenera, nsomba zimayenera kupatsidwa chakudya choyambira, chifukwa chilengedwe chake chimakhala pafupifupi 40% ya zakudya zawo. Palibe chakudya chamoyo, zakudya zouma kunja monga TetraMin ndizoyenera.
Onse mwachangu komanso achikulire amakula bwino mukadyetsedwa ndi chakudya chouma (koma chapamwamba kwambiri, choyenera).
Pokonzekera kuwaza, kudyetsa mazira a nyerere zatsopano kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.
M'malo abwino, nsomba zimafika pakutha pa miyezi 10. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi kupangika kwakanthawi mu aquarium. Nthawi zambiri, kuwaza kumayambira m'mawa, mphindi 20-30 pambuyo poyatsa magetsi. Monga lamulo, sizingatheke kupulumutsa caviar mu zotere.
Wokhazikika, ndipo koposa zonse, kupanga zipatso zabwino, kumayamba mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Nsomba zimakonda kutulutsa chilimwe.
Pazakuyambitsa kubereka, akulu Kongo wobzalidwa mosiyanasiyananso ndi madzi ofewa (pH 2-3 °), pang'ono acid (pH 6.0-6.2) madzi ndi kutentha kwa 25-28 ° C. Zomwe zimayenera kukhazikika bwino.
Ndiwosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wosalala ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono.
Chimango chaukonde woteteza uyenera kutalikirana masentimita 4-5. Ndikakhala ndi kukula kocheperako, nsombazo zimathamanga mwachangu pansi ndikusambitsa caviar pansi pa ukonde. Zomwe ena opanga amakonda kwambiri kudya.
Pofuna kubereketsa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito aquarium yomweyo osasintha malo ake. Potere, opanga amapumira pansi mwachangu.
Onse mwachangu komanso achikulire Kongo bwino kulekerera kusintha kwakukulu kwamadzi (mpaka 50%). Madzi sayenera kukhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo osakhala ndi mpweya wambiri wosungunuka.
Kusintha kwa madzi m'madzi ambiri kumayenera kuchitika pafupipafupi, kawiri pa sabata, koma muyezo waukulu (1/10 voliyumu). Popeza m'madzi akale, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa nitrogen, nsomba zimamva kuponderezedwa, chifukwa chomwe zimakula bwino ndipo zimatha kufa.
Masiku ano, pali njira ziwiri zoberekera. Kongo , awiri ndi gulu. Ndipo zilibe kanthu kuti ndani amapambana pagulu, wamwamuna kapena wamkazi. Chofunikira kwambiri pakuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono ndi kufunitsitsa kwa opanga ndi kukwana voliyumu ya aquarium.
Adakhala woweruza Kongo osachepera malita 30 amadzi amafunikira, ndipo osachepera 70 pa gulu lililonse la nkhosa. Izi sizitanthauza kuti nthunzi Kongo sitha kumera pang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri imalephera kupeza zotsatira zabwino.
Poyamba, gawo loyenerera la madzi mu kulungika koyenera kuyenera kukhala osachepera 20-25 masentimita, izi zimatsatira kuwerengera kosavuta: mutatha kufupikitsa, mwamunayo amakhala pamalo ofukula pamwamba pa chitsamba cha chomera, mwachangu zipsepse zake. Kukula kwamphongo wamwamuna wamkulu kumakhala pafupifupi 10cm, kuphatikiza kutalika kwa gawo (komanso 10 cm), kuphatikiza khoka la chitetezo (2-3 cm).
Wamkazi wokonzekera kutuluka (gawo lodziwika bwino ndi losunga mazira) amasambira kupita kwa wamphongo, amatulutsa gawo la caviar la zidutswa 15 mpaka 20, zomwe umuna umayamba ubwamuna nthawi yomweyo. Opanga amamwazikana kumbali, pambuyo pake kuzungulira kumabwerezanso. Izi zikupitilira kwa maola 2-2.5. Kuchuluka kwa mazira otayidwa kumatha kukhala 300 mpaka 500 kapena kupitirira apo, kutengera kutengera kwa thupi la mkazi.
Chifukwa chachiwiri cholephera polekera pang'ono ndikuwoneka kwa mabakiteriya akuthwa chifukwa cha amuna omwe amatulutsa unyinji wazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakubala, zomwe chifukwa chotsatira zimatha kubweretsa imfa.
Ndipo wachitatu: Kongo - nsomba zamanyazi, nthawi zambiri zimagwera ndikazunzika. Pakufalikira, azimva kukhala momasuka, kuthamangira mozungulira, kugunda galasi.
Ngakhale popanga mikhalidwe yabwino, tsiku lotsatira kuwonjezeka nthawi zambiri sizichitika. Kutulutsa kumachitika pokhapokha patsiku la 3-6, nsomba zitasinthana ndi chilengedwe chatsopano.
Kuti muchepetse mwambowu, kutuluka kozungulira kuchokera kummbali kumakutidwa ndi pepala lakuda, compressor yam'mlengalenga imayatsidwa mphamvu yotsika kwambiri ndipo kutentha ku aquarium kumawonjezereka mpaka 27-28 ° С.
Kuwala kumatha kukhala kwachilengedwe, kapena mutha kuyatsa bulb yotsika ya 25-40 Watts pamwamba. Dzuwa lowala, palibe zotsatira zowoneka sizichita.
Caviar Kongo wosakhazikika ndipo ali ndi pafupi zero. Dzira lomwe limadzuka kuchokera pansi ndikuyenda kwamadzi pang'onopang'ono, ngati kuti likuuluka, limalowa pansi. Kamodzi pansi, imatupa kukula m'mimba mwake mpaka 2-2,5 mm. Nthawi yokhala ndi mluza umapitilira masiku 6. Ino ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa mazira onse osayanjidwa ndi chubu chagalasi, pipette kapena payipi yopyapyala, ndipo m'masiku otsatirawa onani mazira kuti awonongeke ndi saprolegnia.
Dzira lokhazikika, lomwe limakula nthawi zonse limakhala lowonekera bwino, kudzera mu chipolopolo, kukula kwa mluza kuyenera kuwonekera: patsiku lachitatu kugwedezeka kumawonekera, ndipo tsiku lachisanu limayamba kuzungulira. Pakadali pano, chepetsani madzi mpaka 5-7 cm ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya aeration. Zochita izi zimathandizira kuwatchinjiriza.
Kubwatcha mphutsi kumayambira pambuyo pa maola 96 ndikutha kwa maola ena 8-12, kutentha kwa 27-28 ° C.
Hatching mwachangu wapangidwa kale komanso wokonzeka kudya mwachangu. Chakudya choyambira ndi chowunthira chipangidwe cha "fumbi lamoyo". Infusoria imangokhala zakudya zina zowonjezera. Ndikothekanso kugwiritsa ntchito kachikwapu kameneka posachedwa kuyambira tsiku loyamba, koma koyamba ana amakhala ochulukirapo, popanda kukula kopitilira muyeso.
Ziphuphu zimakonda kudya mtundu uliwonse wamtundu wokhala ndi zakudya zowuma. Amayankha molondola pakusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse (mpaka 10-15% patsiku) atangoyamba kudyetsa. Kuyambira sabata yachiwiri, nematode ndi nauplii a crustaceans ang'onoang'ono amalowetsedwa pang'onopang'ono muzakudya. Osathamangira kupatsa thukuta mwachangu kwa mwachangu, chilichonse chili ndi nthawi yake.
Kuchulukitsa kwa mwachangu ndizabwino kwambiri. Pa tsiku la 34 (kuyambira koyambirira kudyetsa) - 18-20 mm, pofika tsiku la 49 - 26 mm, pofika 90th - 35-40 mm.
Mitundu ya kugonana imayamba kuonekera ali ndi miyezi inayi.
Sungani ukhondo mu Samarium yomwe ikukula ndipo musaiwale kuwonjezera tsiku ndi tsiku 1-1,5 malita a madzi kuchokera mu aquarium momwe opanga amasungidwira.
Pa zokolola zambiri za mwachangu, malingaliro otsatirawa akuyenera kuonedwa:
1. M'nyengo yophukira yikani kulowetsedwa kwa ma peat ndi ma alder otaya mpaka madzi atapeza mtundu wa tiyi wamphamvu ndi mchere wa tebulo pamtengo pafupifupi 45 g (1.5 tbsp) pa madzi 80. Kenako yang'anani mtengo wa pH.
2. Pakukhazikika kwa mazira, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mazira omwe amayenda mozungulira. Izi zitha kuchitika ndikukhazikitsa nozzles awiri kuti palibe malo osasunthika.
3. Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka ndikuwonjezera madontho amadzi oyera (5-10%) molunjika kuchokera ku gawo la osmotic kupita kumera lopopera.
Tetra Congo (Phenacogrammus interruptus) - mtengo woyerekeza ku Russia
Kukula | Mtengo Wapakati |
Kufikira 3 cm (S) | 120 rub |
Kufikira 5 cm (M) | 200 rub |
Kufikira 7 cm (L) | 360 ma ruble |
Kufikira 9 cm (XL) | 400 rub |
Tetra Congo (lat. Phenacogrammus interruptus) ndi woimira banja la Kharacin. Ngakhale ndi yaying'ono, ili ndi mawonekedwe osiyana, sizovuta kuzizindikira pakati pa nkhokwe za m'madzi. Thupi lapamwamba lomwe limasakanikirana ndi kuwala kwa luminescent, ndipo zipsepere zoonda zimafanana ndi fan ya akazi.
Nsomba za ku Kongo zimakhala m'gulu la gulu, motero zimafunikira malo osambira okwanira. Mu ukapolo amakula mpaka masentimita 8 kutalika.
Malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi Mtsinje wa Kongo, womwe umapezeka ku Africa kuno komwe kumatchedwa Kongo (Zaire). Idafotokozedwa koyamba ndi katswiri wazowona za nyama ku France, P. Boulanger mu 1899. Congo tetra idatchulidwa kuti ndi nsomba yokongola, yopatsa bata, yophunzitsa, yokhala ndi moyo wakhama. Chifukwa cha mtundu wachilendo, adalandira mayina "Blue Congo" ndi "Rainbow Congo". Mu Mtsinje wa Congo, momwe nsomba zimakhalira nthawi zonse, madziwo ndi owawasa komanso amdima. Zakudya - zooplankton, tizilombo ndi zinyalala zachomera.
Kudumphira mwachangu pa nkhaniyi
Maonekedwe ndi kudyetsa
Blue Congo imatha kutchedwa tetra yayikulu, chifukwa munthu wamkulu amakula mpaka 6,5 masentimita. Amakhala zaka 3-5 pansi pamikhalidwe yabwino. Nsomba yachikulire imawoneka ngati utawaleza, utoto wake umakhala wobiriwira, lalanje, wachikaso, oyera ndi pinki. Akazi ndi ocheperako poyerekeza ndi amuna, m'mimba mwawo ndi wozungulira, m'mapazi amuna amuna ndiwotalikirapo. Mphesa za nsomba ndizowonekera, zophimbidwa ndi mawonekedwe. Ndalama zoyenda pansi ndizopapatiza, chimafanana ndi boti.
Onani momwe utawaleza wam'madzi umawonekera.
Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wonse muukapolo, mudzafunika muzipeza chakudya chamoyo komanso chomera. Utawaleza totra ndi nsomba yopatsa chidwi, yomwe imachepetsa kukonza kwawo. Zakudya zitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsa ziweto: ma flakes, timagulu ting'onoting'ono tomwe nsomba zimatha kumeza ndizoyenera. Zimatengera chakudya chamoyo komanso chambiri. Komabe, chifukwa chokhala ndi mantha, samadya osawona, kapena alibe nthawi yosonkhanitsa chakudya chonse, choncho samalirani chakudya chawo.
Utawaleza ttra amakonda madzi amdima, osavuta, okhala ndi dothi lakuda. Ndikofunika kuti Aquarium ili ndi masamba oyandama. Kuwala kofewa kumapangitsa kuti mamba asinthe; Nsomba zazikulu, zazikulu zimatha kuwakhumudwitsa, kuthyola zipsepse. Ndikwabwino kukhola gulu lodyeramo khola lina, limodzi amakhala omasuka komanso otetezeka. Ena obereketsa amakhala ndi nsomba zamawangamawanga, lalius, neon.
Malo omwe amasungiramo madzi amayenera kupanga zotsatira za mtundu wina wa chilengedwe, momwe mumakhala mabatani, malo ogumulira, mbewu zolimba ndi dothi lakuda. Madzi azikhala ofewa, acidic. Tanki ya malita 70 ndioyenera gulu laling'ono, koma malo akulu kwaiwo ndi chisangalalo. Kwa gulu la anthu 6, chidebe cha malita 200 chikhale nyumba yabwino.
- Neutral kapena acidic pH 6.0-7.5,
- Pamadzi - zomera zoyandama,
- Kuyeretsa kwamadzi ndikusintha pafupipafupi 20% ya voliyumu 1 nthawi pasabata, kusefera,
- Kutentha kwamadzi - madigiri 23-28, kuuma - 4-18 o,
- Kupereka madziwo ngati mtsinje wachilengedwe, masamba amtundu wa zofiirira amatha kuyikidwa pansi pazotengera.
Onani kuwonekera kwa Phenacogrammus kusokoneza.
Zoweta zodulira
Kubereketsa utawaleza ndikutheka ngati mukukhala wodziwa ntchito yamadzi ndikudziwani. Pochulukana, siziberekanso mosavuta. Kwa ana mufunika nsomba zowala kwambiri, zomwe zimayenera kukhazikitsidwa m'midzi ingapo kwa milungu iwiri, kupatsa chakudya chamoyo. Pansi pamtunda wotsekemera, gululi wodzilekanitsa ndi mbewu ziziyika pakati kuti ziteteze mazira - monga ma tetras ambiri, Congo imadya ana ake chifukwa chosasamala.
Kukondoweza kwa kubereka ndi acidity ndi kufewa kwa malo am'madzi, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha mpaka madigiri 26. Pakukula, wamwamuna wokonzekera amasamalira mkazi, kumamuthamangitsa mpaka atavomera kutuluka. Masana, nsomba imayikira mazira akuluakulu 100-300. Koma patsiku loyamba, ambiri a iwo amafa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere buluu la methylene m'madzi.
Makolo ayenera kumangidwa. Pakatha sabata, mwachangu amawonekera, chakudya choyambira kwa iwo ndi dzira yolk ndi ciliates. Kuphatikiza apo mukudyetsa pakulimbikitsidwa ndiupilia brine shrimp. Khalani okhwima pakufika zaka 10.
Boulenger, 1899
Congo tetra ndi nsomba yokongola modabwitsa, yogwira ntchito, yamtendere, yophunzirira nsomba, yotchedwa utawaleza kapena buluu wa Congo. Nsomba iyi ndi nthumwi ya mitundu ya Africa Kharatsin, yomwe anafotokozeredwa ndi wasayansi wazomera Boulanger chakumapeto kwa 1899.
Congo tetra ndizofala ku Africa. Kuchuluka kwa nyama zamtchire kuli m'mbali mwa mitsinje ya Congo Basin ku Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Izi nsomba zimakhala m'masukulu mu madzi amtsinje. Kuphatikiza apo, zachilengedwe zimadya makamaka oimira crustaceans, tizilombo ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zoo ndi phytoplankton. Nsomba zambiri zimagulitsidwa ku Asia ndi Eastern Europe.
Congo tetra wamwamuna
Thupi la nsombalo limakhala lokwera komanso lathyathyathya kuchokera kumbali. Ziphuphu zimatambasulidwa ndi mafani onyentchera m'mbali za thupi polimbitsa thupi. Amuna nawonso amasiyana m'njira zazitali, zofanana ndi chophimba, zomwe zimakhala mchira, komanso ziphuphu ndi ma fins. Kuphatikiza apo, yamphongo imakhala ndi mchira wokhala ndi mbali zitatu, pomwe lobe wapakatikati imatsogola pang'ono kutsogolo.
Congo tetra banja
Tetra Congo mu aquarium imawonetsa mtundu wokongola womwe umawoneka bwino m'madzi. Imayimiriridwa ndimtambo wabuluu, wofiira-lalanje komanso wamtambo wachikaso. Zipsepse zimakhala ndi matani otakasuka; awa ndi ma translucent, imvi-violet mithunzi.
Congo tetra chikazi
Wamphongo ndi wokulirapo komanso utoto wowala bwino.
Congo tetra albino mawonekedwe
Congo imatchulidwa ngati nsomba zazing'onoting'ono. Akuluakulu amafika pamtunda wa masentimita 8 akafika amuna. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako - pafupi masentimita 6.
Makonzedwe ndi magawo a m'madzimo:
Congo tetra yamtendere, yophunzira kusukulu, ndikofunika kuti ikhale yambiri m'madzi am'madzi, chifukwa amafunika malo ambiri osambira. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti kuyatsa mu aquarium kuzizimuke. Izi nsomba ndizosachita manyazi komanso zachinsinsi, makamaka ngati pali mitundu ina yankhanza mu aquarium. Amatha kuopa phokoso lalikuru ndi kusuntha kwadzidzidzi pafupi.
Kukula kwa aquarium ndi 120x30x30 cm kwa nsomba zazikulu, ngakhale achinyamata amatha kusungidwa m'matanki ang'onoang'ono.
Ngati Tetra Congo ili ndi zochepa, pafupifupi anthu asanu ndi mmodzi, ndiye kuti malo okhala ndi 100 malita ndioyenera. Nsomba sizikhala zamanyazi ngati dothi lakuda ndi kuwala kosawoneka kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu aquarium. Kuwala koteroko kumatha kupangidwa ndikuwonjezera mbewu ku aquarium yomwe imayandama pamadzi.
Moyenerera, Aquarium yokhala ndi biotopu yaku Africa, yokhala ndi nkhono ndi nthambi, masamba oyandama ndi Anubias. Adzakuwonetsani mitundu yawo yabwino kwambiri m'madzi aliwonse okhala ndi malo abwino osambira. Madzi ayenera kukhala acidic, osalowerera kapena ofewa, ndikuyenda bwino.
Kusintha pafupipafupi kuyambira khumi ndi zisanu mpaka makumi awiri peresenti yamadzi pa sabata.
Congo tetra (Phenacogrammus interruptus) Ndikulimbikitsidwa m'malo ambiri ammadzi, komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira:
Mukasunga nsomba mu gulu la anthu osakwana sikisi, zimachita manyazi kwambiri. Ndikofunikanso kuti azunguliridwa ndi nsomba zazikuluzikulu zofanana. Oyandikana nawo ku Congo adzakhala ma iris, makonde ndi ma cichlids osiyanasiyana amtendere. Simuyenera kuwakhazikitsa ndi nsomba zamkwiyo ndipo zomwe zimatha kuluma zipsepse - zipsepse zooneka bwino zamphongo zimangowonongeka. Nsomba zazing'ono mu malo wamba okhala ndi Congo tetras sizimamva bwino chifukwa cha kukula kwawo kokulirapo komanso machitidwe akugwira ntchito.
Congo tetra iyenera kusungidwa m'madzi, kutentha kwake kumasiyana pakati pa 23-28 degrees Celsius. Kufika ku Africa, adakhalabe okonda madzi ofunda. Zokhudza acidity, siziyenera kupitilira zizindikiro mu (pH) 6.0-7.5. Kuuma kwamadzi kumasiyana pakati (dH) 3-18.
Tetra Congo ndi omnivores. Mitundu yambiri ya chakudya imakhala yowoneka bwino, koma chakudya chamoyo ndi chisanu chizipeza gawo lalikulu pazakudya. Komabe, muzoyenera kudya ziyenera kuphatikizidwapo komanso zomera. Popanda iwo, nsomba zimatha kuwononga zomera zokhazikika mu aquarium.
Osavuta, koma zotheka. Congo tetra ndi nyama yomwe ili pangozi.
Opangawo amasankha amuna achikazi omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri komanso owoneka bwino kwambiri, komanso akazi akuluakulu, omwe kale ankadyetsedwa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimayikidwa pachisanu.
Ayenera kuyikidwa munyumba yaying'ono yokhala ndi ukonde pansi. Caviar imadutsa ma ma mesh cell, omwe amachepetsa chiopsezo cha kudya ndi makolo. Kuti zipangike kutalika, kuunikaku kuyenera kuzimiririka ndipo mbewu zina nkuwonjezeredwa, monga zachilengedwe zimawonekera pakati pa masamba. Madzi azikhala pansi pH osaloledwa komanso ofewa. Amuna akathamangitsa chachikazi, kutulutsa kumachitika.
Magawo a madzi mu aquarium yomwe imangobzala: 25-28 ° C, dH 2-3 °, pH 6.0-6.5.
Kufikira mazira akuluakulu 300 amatha kumenyedwa ndi mkazi m'modzi pakubala, ngakhale mazira 100-200 ndi ochulukirapo.
Pakati pa maola 24-48 oyambitsidwa, mazira osadukiza komanso oyeretsedwa ayenera kuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito papa lalitali. Mphutsi zamkati pakatha masiku pafupifupi 6, pamene zimasambira ndikukula kwa ma yolk (pafupifupi maola 24), infusoria iyenera kuperekedwa / kuwonjezeredwa, kenako patatha masiku 2-3 nauplii artemia kapena chakudya china chaching'ono.
Mutha kuthamangitsa gulu la nsomba. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuti malo owerengeka am'madzi azikhala ochepa.
Izi nsomba zimatha kubereka zikafika zaka pafupifupi 10.
Nthawi zambiri nthawi yayitali Congo tetra (Phenacogrammus interruptus) ali ndi zaka pafupifupi zisanu.
Tetra Congo imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wamadzi ndipo ngati abwino sawagwiritsa ntchito, mapangidwe amphongo achimuna amatha kudwala ndipo nsomba zimataya mtundu. Komanso ndi nsomba zamanyazi, makamaka ngati sizisungidwa kusukulu, zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zisungidwe kwa anthu 6 kapena kuposerapo.
Mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umagulitsidwa mu mtundu wa nondescript, wa imvi. Komabe, atangokhala m'madzi am'madzi ndikuyamba kukhwima, amayamba kuwonetsa chidwi. Sukulu yayikulu ya ku Congo tetras ndiyodabwitsa kwambiri, makamaka kuwala kwachilengedwe.
Sichoyenera kugawana ndi shrimp.
Tetra Congo (Phenacogrammus interruptus)
Congo tetra ndi nsomba yokongola modabwitsa, yogwira ntchito, yamtendere, yophunzirira nsomba, yotchedwa utawaleza kapena buluu wa Congo. Nsomba iyi ndi nthumwi ya mitundu ya African Characin.
S - mpaka 3 cm, M - mpaka 5 cm, L - mpaka 7 cm, XL - mpaka 9 cm.
Kugawidwa ku Africa. Kuchuluka kwa nyama zamtchire kuli m'mbali mwa mitsinje ya Congo Basin ku Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Thupi la nsombalo limakhala lokwera komanso lathyathyathya kuchokera kumbali. Ziphuphu zimatambasulidwa ndi mafani onyentchera m'mbali za thupi polimbitsa thupi. Amuna nawonso amasiyana m'njira zazitali, zofanana ndi chophimba, zomwe zimakhala mchira, komanso ziphuphu ndi ma fins. Kuphatikiza apo, yamphongo imakhala ndi mchira wokhala ndi mbali zitatu, pomwe lobe wapakatikati imatsogola pang'ono kutsogolo. Tetra Congo mu aquarium imawonetsa mtundu wokongola womwe umawoneka bwino m'madzi. Imayimiriridwa ndimtambo wabuluu, wofiira-lalanje komanso wamtambo wachikaso. Zipsepse zimakhala ndi matani otakasuka; awa ndi ma translucent, imvi-violet mithunzi. Wamphongo ndi wokulirapo komanso utoto wowala bwino. Congo imatchulidwa ngati nsomba zazing'onoting'ono. Akuluakulu amafika pamtunda wa masentimita 8 akafika amuna. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako - pafupi masentimita 6.
Congo tetra yamtendere, yophunzira kusukulu, ndikofunika kuti ikhale yambiri m'madzi am'madzi, chifukwa amafunika malo ambiri osambira. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti kuyatsa mu aquarium kuzizimuke. Kukula kwa aquarium ndi 120x30x30cm kwa nsomba zazikulu, ngakhale achichepere amatha kusungidwa m'matanki ang'onoang'ono. Ngati Tetra Congo ili ndi zochepa, pafupifupi anthu asanu ndi mmodzi, ndiye kuti malo okhala ndi 100 malita ndioyenera. Moyenerera, Aquarium wokhala ndi biotopu yaku Africa, wokhala ndi nkhono ndi nthambi, masamba oyandama ndi anubias. Congo tetra iyenera kusungidwa m'madzi, kutentha kwake kumasiyana pakati pa 23-28 degrees Celsius. Zokhudza acidity, siziyenera kupitilira zizindikiro mu (pH) 6.0-7.5. Kuuma kwamadzi kumasiyana pakati (dH) 3-18. Kusintha pafupipafupi kuyambira khumi ndi zisanu mpaka makumi awiri peresenti yamadzi pa sabata.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa pamadzi ambiri omwe amakhala, komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira: mukasunga nsomba pagulu la anthu osakwana sikisi, amakhala ndi manyazi kwambiri. Ndikofunikanso kuti azunguliridwa ndi nsomba zazikuluzikulu zofanana. Oyandikana nawo ku Congo adzakhala ma iris, makonde ndi ma cichlids osiyanasiyana amtendere. Simuyenera kuwakhazikitsa ndi nsomba zamkwiyo ndipo zomwe zimatha kuluma zipsepse - zipsepse zooneka bwino zamphongo zimangowonongeka. Asodzi ang'ono mu malo wamba okhala ndi Congo tetra amadzimva osamasuka chifukwa cha kukula kwawo komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito.
Osavuta, koma zotheka. Congo tetra ndi nyama yomwe ili pangozi.
Opangawo amasankha amuna achikazi omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri komanso owoneka bwino kwambiri, komanso akazi akuluakulu, omwe kale ankadyetsedwa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimayikidwa pachisanu. Ayenera kuyikidwa munyumba yaying'ono yokhala ndi ukonde pansi. Caviar imadutsa ma ma mesh cell, omwe amachepetsa chiopsezo cha kudya ndi makolo. Kuti zipangike kutalika, kuunikaku kuyenera kuzimiririka ndipo mbewu zina nkuwonjezeredwa, monga zachilengedwe zimawonekera pakati pa masamba. Madzi azikhala pansi pH osaloledwa komanso ofewa. Amuna akathamangitsa chachikazi, kutulutsa kumachitika. Magawo am'madzi mu aquarium yomwe ikubzala: 25-28 ° С, dH 2-3 °, pH 6.0-6.5. Kufikira mazira akuluakulu 300 amatha kumenyedwa ndi mkazi m'modzi pakubala, ngakhale mazira 100-200 ndi ochulukirapo.
Pakati pa maola 24-48 oyambitsidwa, mazira osadukiza komanso oyeretsedwa ayenera kuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito papa lalitali. Mphutsi zamkati pakatha masiku pafupifupi 6, pamene zimasambira ndikukula kwa ma yolk (pafupifupi maola 24), infusoria iyenera kuperekedwa / kuwonjezeredwa, kenako patatha masiku 2-3 nauplii artemia kapena chakudya china chaching'ono.
Mutha kuthamangitsa gulu la nsomba. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuti malo owerengeka am'madzi azikhala ochepa. Izi nsomba zimatha kubereka zikafika zaka pafupifupi 10. Nthawi zambiri, kutalika kwa moyo wa Congo tetra (Phenacogrammus interruptus) ndi pafupifupi zaka zisanu.
Tetra Congo ndi omnivores. Mitundu yambiri ya chakudya imakhala yowoneka bwino, koma chakudya chamoyo ndi chisanu chizipeza gawo lalikulu pazakudya. Komabe, muzoyenera kudya ziyenera kuphatikizidwapo komanso zomera. Popanda iwo, nsomba zimatha kuwononga zomera zokhazikika mu aquarium.
Chiyambi ndi mafotokozedwe
Katswiri wazachipatala George Albert Boulanger anafotokozera za tetra Congo kubwerera mu 1899. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimachokera ku Africa, zomwe zimapezeka kumpoto kwa mtsinje wa Zaire (Congo). Congo tetra imatha kupezeka m'mitsinje, m'milandu, m'madziwe komanso m'madzuwa ndi madzi amvula komanso matope. Malo awo amakhala ndi masamba obiriwira, ndipo pansi pake nthawi zambiri amakutidwa ndi silt kapena matope. Pakhoza kukhala miyala pansi, koma kulibe mitengo kapena mitengo yowotchera. Congo tetras imasambira nkhosa ndipo amadya nyongolotsi, crustaceans, tizilombo, masamba, algae, zooplankton.
Utawaleza wa thonje limakhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa tetra, m'malo mwake ndi voliyumu. Amuna ali ndi zipsepse zokongola zokongola. Ma dorsal atali, mapiko a caudal okhala ndi zotchinga m'mphepete, mkati mwa caudal fin elongated. Amuna amafika kutalika kwa 8.5 cm, kutalika kwa chikazi ndi 6 cm okha.
Pakacha, Congo imakhala ndi utoto wokongola kuzungulira thupi lonse, kuyambira kutsogolo mpaka kumbuyo. Phale lodzaza ndi maluwa opal maluwa amtundu wa buluu pamwamba, amasintha kuchokera pabiri mpaka pansi, amatembenukira ku golide wachikasu pakati pa thupi ndikutembenukiranso kukhala wabuluu pafupi ndi m'mimba. Zingwe ndimtambo wamtambo wokhala ndi makaso oyera.
Kutalika kwa moyo wamadzi mu aquarium kuyambira zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu.
Congo tetra ndi yolimba pang'ono, koma chifukwa cha zosowa amasamalidwa amiteurs omwe akudziwa zambiri. Nsomba zam'madzi zoterezi zimakonda chidwi ndi madzi, choncho amafunika eni eni enieni omwe saiwala za momwe amasungidwira kale nsomba zam'madzi. Kupanda kutero, nsomba zimatha kutaya mtundu wake, ndipo zipsepse zamphongozo zimatha kuwonongeka ndikuwonongeka. Mukamagula nsomba izi, kumbukirani kuti zipsepse zazitali za ku Tetra Congo zimatha kukopa oyandikana nawo omwe ali mumadzi am'madzi, ndipo kuvulala ndi kuwonongeka kwa zipsepizo kungayambitse kudwala komanso ngakhale kufa. Chifukwa chake, pewani malo oyandikana ndi Congo ndi nsomba zabwino.
Congo tetra imasamalidwa bwino ndikuwazidwa ngakhale m'mizinda yaying'ono / nano mpaka 75 malita. Nsomba zam'madzi zoterezi zimadulidwa kuti zizigulitsidwa mwambiri ndipo zaphunzira kuzolowera kumangidwa mosiyanasiyana. Komabe, zikaisungidwa zokha kapena zochepa, nsomba izi zimachita manyazi komanso zimakhwima, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kusunga gulu la nsomba 6. Gulu limafunikira ngalande ya malita 75 kapena kuposerapo, ndipo kwa gulu lalikulu la nsomba zachikulire, pamakhala malita 150 kapena kupitilira apo.
Tetra Congo imakonda madzi ofewa komanso acidic ambiri otaya bwino. Mwakuwala pang'ono, nsomba zikuwonetsa mitundu yawo yabwino kwambiri.
Kuti apange malo okhala pafupi ndi zachilengedwe za tetro Congo, nthaka yakuda ndi zomera zambiri zam'madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu aquarium. Tetra Congo imawoneka bwino kwambiri poyang'ana momwe mbewu zakhalira, komanso imafunikira malo osambira. Popanda maziko amdima, ma tetras awa amawoneka pang'ono pang'ono.
Mu aquarium, ma drows amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsitsa pH, komanso masamba owuma omwe amakongoletsa madzi. Kumbukirani kusintha masamba nthawi zonse.
Zosankha zamtundu
Kutentha : 23 - 28 ° C,
Kutenthetsa kutentha : 25 mpaka 28 ° C,
pH : 6,0-7,5,
Kuuma : 4 - 18 dGH,
Habitat : madera onse a m'madzimo.
Chisamaliro cha Aquarium chikuyenera kukhala chokhazikika komanso chofuna kukhalabe aukhondo m'madzi Kupanda kutero, ndikazinthu zochuluka kwambiri m'madzi, nsomba zimazimiririka, ndipo ziphuphu za amuna zimalephera. Kuti mukhalebe aukhondo, madzi amasintha nthawi zonse kuchokera pa 25% mpaka 50% ya madzi am'madzi sabata iliyonse iliyonse amavomerezeka. Pazithandizo zamadzi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zowongolera mpweya wapadera nthawi iliyonse. Kuchulukitsa kwa anthu kumadalira kuchuluka kwa anthu akasinja: kuchuluka kwa anthu, kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kwakukulu.
Kudyetsa ndi kudyetsa
Congo ndi zodabwitsa. Mwachilengedwe, amadya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, nyongolotsi zazing'ono, crustaceans, zakudya zamasamba, algae, zooplankton. Mu aquarium, nsomba izi zimatha kupereka mitundu yonse ya zakudya zam'madzi am'madzi, zonse zouma ndi zokhala ndi chakudya komanso zopanda madzi. Live ma buluzi ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala m'madzi amchere, artemia, machubu - zonsezi ndizothandiza kuwonjezera pakudya tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuwonjezera chakudya. Pezani zakudya zanu ndi zakudya zamasamba, komanso chakudya chomwe chili ndi algae. Congo imatha kuyesa mbewu yamoyo "ndi dzino", choncho ndibwino kuwapatsa zakudya zamasamba.
Muzipereka chakudya kangapo patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.
Congo Tetra - okhutira.
Dzina lasayansi: Phenacongrammus interrutpus.
Dzinalo: Congo Tetra
Chisamaliro cha Tetra Congo: Kuwala Mpaka Pakati.
Kukula kwake: amuna - mpaka 8cm, zazikazi zazing'ono.
Kutentha: 24-27 0 C (75-81 0 F).
Kuuma kwamadzi: zofewa.
Chiyambi cha Tetra Congo: mitsinje ya Central Africa ndi Mtsinje wa Congo.
Chiyembekezo chamoyo: zaka 3-5 (mwinanso zazitali).
Khalidwe: wachikondi, wololera, amathanso kuluma mbewu zanthete komanso zokoma. Osamapitilira ndi nsomba zamtopola komanso zopatsa chidwi.
Kubereka Tetra Congo: Kuswana mu malo okhala m'makomo ndi kovuta. Chifukwa cha izi, awiri owala kwambiri komanso othamanga amasankhidwa. Amakhala pansi (kwa pafupifupi sabata limodzi) ndipo amadyetsedwa mokwanira pogwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamoyo. Mu aquarium yomwe ikufuna kubereketsa Tetra Congo, mumayikiridwa khoka (ikani 1-2cm kuchokera pansi), yomwe iziteteza mazira ku nsomba zazikulu. Komanso, mothandizidwa ndi zolemetsa zazing'ono, mbewu zambiri zam'madzi zimatsitsidwa pansi ndikutulutsa (m'chilengedwe momwe zimakhalira m'nkhokwe). Madziwo ayenera kukhala ofewa, okhathamira pang'ono komanso otentha 25-25 0 C. Pambuyo pachibwenzi, wamkazi amaikira mazira 300 (nthawi zambiri 100-200), ndikuwabalalitsa pakati pazomera pansi.
Pambuyo pofalikira, akuluakulu ku Congo amasankhidwa. Patsiku loyamba, mazira ambiri amatha kufa. Amachotsedwa, ndipo methylene buluu imawonjezeredwa ndi madzi. Malkov Tetra Congo omwe amasambira (pafupifupi masiku 6 atawaswa) kudya ndi dzira la mazira kapena infusoria. Pakapita kanthawi, amatha kupatsidwa nauplii artemia. Mwachangu Hatch masiku 6 mutachedwa ndi umuna.
Kugwirizana kwa Tetre Congo: khalani limodzi ndi characin ena aliwonse ndi nsomba zazing'ono zomwe sizingawadye ndikukhala ndi zofananira zofananira ndi mndende.
Matenda: Zizindikiro ndi njira zochizira.
Kudyetsa: Nsomba za ku Congo ndizopatsa chidwi. Maziko a chakudya ndi mbewu monga chimanga, kuwonjezera pazakudyazo ndi moyo
Congo - Phenacogrammus zosokoneza
Ndondomeko, banja: cyprinids, characins.
Kutentha kwamadzi:
Kugwirizana: nsomba zamtendere - tetras, viviparous, armored and loricaria catfish.
Malo okhala nsomba ali m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa Congo. Congo imatha kufika 10 cm.
Thupi la nsomba ndi lalitali, lokwera pang'ono komanso loponderezedwa pambuyo pake. Mutu wake ndi wocheperako, maso ndi akulu ndi malire owala a buluu. Mtundu wawukulu ndiwowoneka wabuluu, kumbuyo ndiko mtundu wa buluu, m'mimba ndikuwala. Kuchokera pamutu mpaka kumapazi a caudal, pamakhala lingwe lalikaso kapena lalanje lomwe limatha kuwonetsa kuwala. Amuna a ku Kongo ndi akulu kuposa zazikazi, kumapeto kwake kumakhala kolowera nkhumba, ndipo kumakhala pakati penipeni pomwe pali ndalama. Nsombazi ndizosasamala posunga komanso kudyetsa. Amakonda kuwala kowala.
Madzi otonthoza pazomwe zili ku tetra ya ku Congo: dН mpaka 15 °, pH 6.5-7.5, t 21-24 ° С. Aeration ndi kusefera amafunikira.
Nsomba zokongola kwambiri zaku aquarium ndizoyimira banja lalikulu la haracin. Nsomba yotchedwa mtsinje womwe iwo adagwidwa koyamba.
Nsombazo zimakhala zamtendere ndipo zimatha kusungidwa m'malo am'madzi okongoletsera kapena nsomba zocheperako komanso zopandaukali. Simungasunge Congo ndi nsomba zankhanza mu aquarium wamba (barbs, cichlids).
Nsomba za ku Congo ndi amanyazi kwambiri, choncho muyenera kuwasunga pagulu. Gulu langwiro la nsomba za ku Congo
20 zidutswa Ndikofunika kutsatira zigawo za akazi awiri mwa amuna atatu m'modzi - izi zimathetsa ukali uliwonse womwe ungachitike mgululi.
Congo nthawi zambiri imakhala nsomba zamtendere, koma ikhoza kuyesa kuluma nsomba zazing'ono. Pewani kuyandikira pafupi ndi mitundu iliyonse yamtopola. Mitundu ina ya tetras, nsomba za viviparous, ngale ya gourami, matako, makonde, ma iris, ma chain-catfish (ma suppistruses), ndi ma cichlids amtendere amtundu woyenera amakhala oyandikana nawo. Pewani oyandikana ndi nsomba za bob, okonda okonda monga Sumatran barbs. Ndipo pakutsutsana mwamtendere, dziko la Kongo limayenderana.
Kudyetsa nsomba za ku aquarium ziyenera kukhala zolondola: zoyenera, zosiyanasiyana. Lamulo lofunikira ili ndiro chinsinsi chakusamalira bwino kwa nsomba iliyonse, kaya ikhale guppies kapena astronotuses. Nkhaniyi imalongosola izi mwatsatanetsatane, imafotokoza mfundo zoyambirira za zakudya komanso kayendetsedwe ka nsomba.
Munkhaniyi, tawona chinthu chofunikira kwambiri - kudyetsa nsomba sikuyenera kukhala koopsa, chakudya chouma komanso chamoyo sichiyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuganizira za zokonda za nsomba zomwe, ndipo, kutengera izi, zikuphatikiza muzakudya zake zomwe zili ndi mapuloteni ambiri kapena mosiyanasiyana ndi zosakaniza zamasamba.
Zakudya zotchuka komanso zotchuka za nsomba, kumene, ndizakudya zowuma. Mwachitsanzo, ora lililonse ndi kulikonse komwe mungapeze masamba azakudya zamakampani a Tetra - mtsogoleri wa msika waku Russia, kwenikweni kuvomerezedwa kwa chakudya cha kampaniyi ndizodabwitsa. "Zida za Tetra" za Tetra zimaphatikizapo chakudya cha mtundu wina wa nsomba: golide, ma cichlids, loricaria, guppies, labyrinths, arovans, discus, ndi zina zambiri. Tetra adapanganso zakudya zapadera, mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera utoto, wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba kapena kudyetsa mwachangu. Zambiri pazakudya zonse za Tetra, mutha kupeza patsamba lovomerezeka la kampaniyo -
Dziwani kuti pogula zakudya zouma zilizonse, muyenera kuyang'anira tsiku lomwe zimapangidwa ndi moyo wa alumali, musayese kugula chakudya mwakulemera, komanso sungani chakudya m'malo otsekedwa - izi zingathandize kupewa kukula kwa zomera zam'mera mwake.
Zonsezi pamwambapa ndi chipatso chabe cha kuyang'ana nsomba zamtunduwu zam'madzi ndikutola zambiri kuchokera kwa eni ake ndi obereketsa. Tikufuna kugawana ndi alendo osati zambiri, komanso machitidwe amoyo , kukukulolani kuti mulowe mokwanira komanso moonda kulowa m'dziko la aquarium. Kulembetsa nawo, kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana pa tsambali, pangani mitu yapadera momwe mungalankhulire ndi manja anu oyamba okambirana za ziweto zanu, fotokozani zomwe amachita, zomwe amachita, zomwe amakonda, gawani kupambana kwanu komanso chisangalalo ndi ife, gawani zomwe mwakumana nazo ndikuphunzira pazomwe mwakumana nazo ena. Tili okondweretsedwa ndi gawo lililonse la zomwe mumakumana nazo, sekondi iliyonse ya chisangalalo chanu, kuzindikira kulikonse kwakulakwitsa komwe kumapangitsa kuti abwenzi anu apewe zolakwika zomwezo. Zomwe tili kwambiri, m'malovu owoneka bwino komanso owoneka bwino ali m'moyo ndi moyo wa gulu lathu la mabiliyoni asanu ndi awiri.
Nsomba ya ku Aquarium Congo (Latin Phenacongrammus interrutpus) - mbadwa ya kumtsinje wa Africa, dzina lake lomwe adatchedwa dzina lake. Itha kutchedwa ndi mayina osiyanasiyana: utawaleza tetra, Kongo ya buluu, tetra Congo ndipo ndizokongoletsa zenizeni za aquarium yamadzi oyera.
Pakupita kokayenda ndi ana mu malo oyambira nsomba, ndinapempha mwana aliyense kuti asankhe nsomba zokongola kwambiri. Anthu awiri adasankha utawaleza chifukwa cha chala chachilendo ndikufanana ndi utawaleza.
Colours ndi mawonekedwe
Tiyeni tiwone chithunzi cha nsomba yaku Kongo ndikuwona utawaleza thupi lake.
Mitundu ya akazi ndi amuna ndiosiyana kwambiri: ndi maonekedwe a amuna omwe amadziwika ndi dzinali - utawaleza wa ku Congo.
Ngati chachikazi ndichopyapyala komanso chokulirapo kuposa chachimuna, ndiye kuti tchire la ku Congo ndi njira ina yozungulira: zazikazi ndizocheperako komanso zopanda chiyembekezo chilichonse pafupi ndi amuna owoneka ngati utawaleza.
Chithunzi cha nsomba yaku Congo chimawonetsa mtundu wa wamphongo wokhwima pakati: mkombero wofiirira wokhala ndi malanje achikasu otuwa amathamangira limodzi ndi thupi kumbuyo kwake ndikumanjenjemera kwamaso kutuluka ndikutsika. Kumtunda kwa mutu, mithunzi yofiirira-yofiira imapambananso.
Mawonekedwe:
- Thupi limakhala lokwera komanso loponderezedwa pang'ono mbali.
- Maso ake ndi akulu ndipo amawonekera.
- Monga ma characin onse, pali ndalama yaying'ono kumbuyo ya adipose kumbuyo pakati pa dorsal ndi caudal.
- Zipsepse zamkati, zamkati ndi ma anal ndizobowola ndipo sizimakhala ndi kutchulidwa - imvi, nthawi zina zimakhala ndi tint yofiirira.
- Pa dorsal fin komanso pakati pa caudal, mwa amuna, njira zazitali zophimba zimawonekera bwino. Nthawi zina mchira wamphongo wa ku Kongo umatchedwa kuti mbali zitatu, poganiza kuti mchirawo ndi gawo lachitatu.
Kutalika kwamtundu wamphongo kwa abambo a Congra tetra ndi masentimita 8.5 - 9, ndipo wamkazi ndiosachepera masentimita 6. Chiyembekezo chamoyo chazaka 5.
Ikani nsomba
Tetra Congo ndi nthumwi ya banja la Characiformes a haracinids, omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa a-like. Chowoneka mosiyana ndi momwe nsomba zamtunduwu zimakhalira ndikupezeka kwa mafuta kumbuyo, komwe kumakhala kumbuyo kwa dorsal fin, pafupi ndi faudal fin.
Mamembala onse a gululi amakhala ku equatorial Africa kapena m'chigawo chapakati cha North ndi South America. Chifukwa chake, amagawidwa mu Africa ndi America. Congo yathu ndi nsomba ya haracin yamu Africa ndipo adafotokozedwa ndi George Albert Boulenger wa ku Britain wazomera zanyama ndi 188. Zosadabwitsa kuti, wasayansi sanakhalepo ku Africa, koma amaonedwa kuti ndi katswiri mu nsomba zam'madzi mu Africa.
Congo malo okhala zachilengedwe komanso zam'madzi
Kuphatikiza pa mtsinje wa dzina lomweli, kumtunda komwe limakhalamo, utawaleza tetra Congo imakhala mitsinje ina m'chigawo chapakati cha Africa - chigwa cha Zaire. Mvula yamadzi am'nyanja za mu Africa, nsomba zimasunga nkhosazo, zimadya tizilombo, crustaceans, ndi mitundu ina ya zooplankton. M'zakudya zawo mumakhalanso chakudya chomera.
Kuchuluka kwa ma tetra a ku Kongo komwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo kumakhala kum'mawa kwa Europe ndi Asia.
- Popeza moyo wachilengedwe, gulani nsomba mumagulu amitundu 6, makamaka 10.
- Sankhani aquarium yama voliyumu yoyenera - 100 - 130 malita kapena kupitirira.
Zinthu zonsezi ndizofunikira kuti ukhalebe wowala bwino komanso wowala. Mu gulu laling'ono, nsomba iliyonse imakhala yosatetezeka ndikuopa, ndiye kuti imakumana ndi zovuta.
Nthawi zambiri zopsinjika "zimapha" kukongola ndi kuwala kwa amuna a utawaleza wa tetra Congo. Malo okwanira mu Aquarium posambira kwaulere amathandizira kuti pakhale utoto.
Chifukwa chanyazi komanso kupsinjika, nsomba za ku Congo zam'madzi zimamva bwino mu malo okhala ndi zimbudzi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, popanga aquarium, ndikofunikira kuyika mbewu zambiri, zonse zokhala ndi pulasitiki.
Koma ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito amoyo, chifukwa amakhala ndi ma nitrate ochepa, ndipo izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti madzi azikhala abwino.
Njira yabwino yopangira aquarium ndikubzala mbewu zamphesi pafupi ndi khoma lam'mbali. Poterepa, gawo lapakati pa aquarium lidzakhala laulere ndikupereka mpata woti nsomba zisambe.
Zina zomwe zimamangidwa: kuyatsa kwakanthawi ndi oyandikana oyenda am'madzi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lakuda ndi kupatsidwa kuwala kogonjetsedwa ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuthana ndi nsomba zopsinjika. Mutha kubzala mu aquarium mbewu zotere zomwe zimayandama pamwamba ndikupanga mthunzi.
Popeza nsomba za ku Kongo ndi zamtendere kwambiri, zimatha kuluma mbali zanthete zazomera, koma osati oyandikana ndi nsomba zina, motero sizifunikira kubzalidwe ndi mitundu yolimbirana, komanso yamtopola kwambiri. Palibenso chifukwa chogona ndi chomwe chingakulume chophimba cha zipsepse zamphongo.
Anthu oyandikana nawo ku Congo ndi nsomba zokulirapo. Anansi abwino ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma cichlids amtendere, ma iris ndi makatoni a catfish. Komanso, musabzale tinsomba tating'ono kwambiri mu tetra - atha kukhala osavutikira pafupi ndi amuna a sentimita 8 a Congo tetra.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Utawaleza wachilengedwe wa Congo umathandizira kukonza. Monga maziko a zakudyazo, mutha kumwa chimanga ndikuwonjezera ndi chakudya komanso masamba. Artemia (yozizira) ndi ma nyongolotsi amtunduwu amalimbikitsidwa ngati chakudya chamoyo. Zakudya zamafuta azitsamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupulumutsa masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono zam'mera zam'madzi, zomwe zingachitike ngati nsomba sizili bwino.