Ngati mungafunse pafupifupi munthu aliyense zamasamba obiriwira omwe amadya, ndiye monga lamulo mutha kumva za feteleza - nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potashi. Maphunzirowa pazifukwa zina adakhazikitsa izi m'mitu yathu. Yankho limamveka pang'ono nthawi zambiri: "Dzuwa ndi madzi." Koma pofunsa zomwe mbewu zimapumira, ambiri amayankha: "Carbon dioxide. Ndipo amapumira mpweya wabwino. ” Inde, mayankho onsewa si olondola. M'malo mwake, zonse ndizosiyana ...

Monga pafupi ndi zolengedwa zonse zapadziko lapansi Lapansi (kupatula mabakiteriya a anaerobic komanso okhala m'mapiri am'nyanja olimba kwambiri - "osuta akuda"), zobiriwira zobiriwira zimapumira mpweya. Koma samapumira mpweya wa carbon dioxide konse, koma ... idyani! Amachokera ku kaboni zomwe ndizomwe zimapangidwa kuti mbewu zimange ziwalo zawo zonse ndi minofu yake, imakhala mafuta ndi zida zomangira. Chifukwa chake, chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa zobiriwira zachilengedwe ndizopezeka mu kaboni dayokisi m'chilengedwe (mumlengalenga zomera zam'madzi ndi madzi amadzi), CO₂. Tikulankhula za iye lero ...

Chifukwa chiyani mpweya woipa m'madzimo

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe CO imawonjezeredwa ku aquarium₂, Ndi chakudya chamagulu azinthu zam'madzi. M'matanki wamba, mpweya woipa umafikira 30 mg pa lita imodzi yamadzi.

Katswiri wina wa kaboni dayokisai amalowa m'madzi am'madzi chifukwa cha moyo wa nsomba, koma kuchuluka kwake sikokwanira kuti mbewu zizipezeka. Popanda kugwiritsa ntchito kaboni pafupipafupi tokha, mapangidwe a mphamvu pakapangidwe ka photosynthesis amatha.

Osati mopitirira!

Carbonate hardness, acidity yamadzi ndi CO ndende₂ magawo omwe amadalirana, motero, podziwa awiriwo, mutha kudziwa lachitatu. Mvetsetsani bwino lomwe kuchuluka kwa CO₂ muma aquarium anu, zikuwonetsa kuuma kwa kabati wa carbonate (kH) ndi acidity (pH) wamadzi kukuthandizani, komanso tebulo ili:

Kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera cholumikizira, muyenera kusintha kayendedwe kaboni kaboni kuchokera ku dongosolo lanu kupita ku aquarium kuti zomwe zili mu "malo obiriwira". Ngati malo anu okhala ali osakhazikika, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwanira kusintha chizindikirocho kamodzi pamwezi kapena awiri, kumbukirani kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'mabuluni mphindi imodzi, kenako ingoyendetsa kuthamanga motere. CO usiku₂ ziyenera kuzimitsidwa (pamanja kapena ndi valavu yoyendetsa yokha), apo ayi usiku pH yamadzi idzagwa kwambiri.

Mutha kupewetsa njirayi mwakugula chizindikiro chagalasi CO₂ m'madzi, omwe amatchedwa "dontho Checker". Mtundu wamadzi momwe umasinthira malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa, ndipo ukutanthauza zofananira ndi utoto wophatikizidwa ndi chithunzi: chikasu - CO yambiri₂, buluu - pang'ono, komanso zobiriwira - kulondola. Ndikwabwino kuti musabweretse mtundu wachikasu: kawirikawiri madzi am'malo otumphuka amatembenukira chikasu kale pamene ndende yazidutsa moopsa kwa nsomba. Dziwani kuti "dontho lokwerera" ndi "chipangizo chokhazikika" ndipo sichimayankha pazosintha nthawi yomweyo, mutasintha mpweya, muyenera kudikira theka la ola lisanawerengere kuti lifanane ndi zenizeni. Choyezera chimadzimadzi cha dontho chimatha mpaka miyezi itatu, ndiye kuti chimasanduka chofiyira, pamtambo, ndikufunika chinanso. Mwa njira, zakumwa za dontho-zotsatsira zamagulu osiyanasiyana omwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo azinyama zimatha kusinthika (mawonekedwe awo ali ofanana).

Olemba mabuku ambiri amalangizira kuti, ndi kuphatikiza kwachilendo kwa kaboni m'madzi athu, pafupifupi kH = 4, kukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa kaboni diamoni mpaka pafupifupi ma bulamu 5 pa mphindi iliyonse ya malita 50 a aquarium voliyumu. Ndizachidziwikire kuti chiwerengerochi ndi chongoyerekeza, koma ndibwino kuyendetsa kayendedwe ka zikwangwani, kuyambira nawo. ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti pali mwayi wakuwonjeza.

Kukhazikitsa Balloon

Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yolondola yoperekera mafuta kumadzi. Zothandiza kuti mugwiritse ntchito mu thanki yayikulu.

Dongosolo limaphatikizapo silinda ndi gearbox, yokhala ndi:

• Ma valavu osintha bwino wamagetsi oyenda,
• Solenoid valavu ndi kolola,
• Valavu yothandizira,
• Zoyeserera zopanikizika
• Bubble counter.

Mutha kugula kukhazikitsa pamalo ogulitsa ziweto. Kuchulukitsa kwa chipangizocho kumadalira wopanga ndi kuthekera kokukweza: mtengo wa silinda imodzi nthawi imodzi ndi ma ruble 15,000, ndipo kuti ukadzabwezeretsanso uyenera kulipira ma ruble 20-50,000.

Ubwino wa jenereta - kuwongolera moyenera ndende ya CO₂. Zoyipa ndi msonkhano wovuta.

Silinda imapanikizika. Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito moyenera:

• Osaponya
• Sungani m'malo opumira ena kutali ndi magwero a kutentha ndi moto.
• Osachoka pakatikati dzuwa, kapena pamalo pomwe kutentha kumapitirira + 50 ° C,
• Ntchito molunjika
• Thawirani kumalo osankhidwa mwapadera,
• Osapuma mpweya.

Braga

Buku lotere la CO₂ Ndi chidebe chosindikizika bwino, chomwe chubu chimachoka. Mkati mwake muli phala.

Malangizo a momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa: 300 g shuga ndi 0,3 g ya yisiti yowuma amatengedwa pa 1 lita imodzi yamadzi mu chidebe cha 2-lita. Nthawi zina chidebe chachiwiri chimalumikizidwa kuti tilepeze thovu kuti isalowe m'madzi a aquarium. Kuti muchepetse nayonso mphamvu, gwiritsani ntchito koloko, gelatin kapena wowuma. Komabe, chipangizocho sichikugwira ntchito kupitirira milungu iwiri: yisiti, itasungidwa shuga, imafa chifukwa cha mowa. Tiyenera kuthana ndi kapangidwe kake, koyera, kachulukidwe.

Ubwino wa chipangizocho - kusavuta msonkhano, kugwiritsa ntchito mosamala. Zoyipa - kusasunthika komanso kusamasulidwa kwa mpweya woipa.

Zotsatira zamachitidwe

Njira zochepa zogwiritsira ntchito panyumba kukhutiritsa madzi a CO₂, - akuchita zomwe zimachitika pakati pa mankhwala a carbonate chilengedwe (koloko, choko, mazira, dolomite) ndi asidi (citric, acetic). Kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa womwe umatuluka, njirayi imachitika mu labotale ya Kipp.

Ubwino wa njirayi ndi phindu. Zoyipa, monga za phala: kukhazikitsa zovuta pamagulu opangira mpweya, kufunika kosintha ma reagents. Kukhazikitsa koyenera kwa chida choteteza, popeza mpweya woipa wakutulutsa umachotsa tinthu tambiri ta asidi, pamakhala ngozi yoopsa kuti anthu okhala munyikayo asungidwe.

Kukonzekera kwa kaboni

Zamadzimadzi (mwachitsanzo Tetra CO₂ Kuphatikiza) kapena ngati mapiritsi osungunuka (Hobby Sanoplant CO₂) yokhala ndi calcium carbonate ndi organic acid. Mfundo ya chida ndi yosavuta: piritsi, ikatsitsidwa m'madzi amadzimadzi, imasungunuka pang'onopang'ono ndikutulutsa kwa kaboni dayokisi. Koma chopanda ndichakuti ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa ndi maso, ndipo sizowona nthawi zonse.

Zipangizo zoperekera mpweya woipa m'madzi

Kuphatikiza pa jenereta ya CO₂, wa aquarium muyenera gawo lopopera. Cholinga chomwe chimagwiritsidwira ntchito ndikuletsa kuthawa kwa kaboni dayokisi kuchokera kumadzi kupita kumlengalenga ozungulira. Atomizer wamba kuchokera ku aeration system sangagwire ntchito. Amagwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera chotchedwa CO reactor.₂. Zitha kukhala:

1. Glass diffuser yophatikizidwa ndi thanki yama tanki. Zimayenda bwino ndi dongosolo la baluni ndi njira ya carbonate-acid.
2. Belu lakuswa.
3. Utsi wotsekemera. Amapereka zazikulu.
4. Makwerero a Bubble. Mfundo ya opaleshoni - m'magalasi kapena pulasitiki, kuwira kwa mpweya pang'onopang'ono kumatuluka panjira yaphokoso, kusungunuka m'madzi.
5. Nthambi za Rowan. Patsani mabuluni ang'onoang'ono. Koma zinthu zowonongeka ziyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.

Kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa womwe umaperekedwa

Kuchuluka kwa kaboni dayokosi komwe kumafunikira kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwa aquarium ndi kuchuluka kwa masamba.

Mwachilengedwe, ndende ya CO₂ m'madzi oyenda ndi 2-10 mg / l, osayenda - 30 mg / l. M'madzi ampopi - osaposa 3 mg / l. Mu aquarium yopanda jenereta, zosakwana 1 mg / l.

Zomera zambiri zimapindula ndi CO zambiri.₂ena ocheperako. Othandizira am'madzi amayesa kupitiliza kuchuluka kwa 3-5 mg / l. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi osavomerezeka pomwe mtengowo umaposa 30 mg / l.

Mpweya wabwino wa kaboni womwe umayambitsa nsomba, umakhala woopsa, wopanda ntchito. Mu CO yakhuta₂ algae losavuta la aquarium liyamba kuchulukitsa mwachangu.

Kuperewera kwa kaboni kaboni kumayimiriridwa ndi kuchepa kwa acidity yamadzi. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa kuvuta kwa madzi, gwiritsani ntchito tebulo lapadera ndi kuyesa kwa zizindikiro, zomwe zitha kugulidwa pa malo ogulitsa ziweto. Ndipo ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito kotsitsira. Madzi omwe adayikiramo chizindikiritso amasandulika chikaso pamene CO idakulirakulira₂, wabuluu - wokhala ndi zoperewera, komanso zobiriwira - zokhala ndi chizolowezi.

Mpweya wa kaboni dayokisidi uyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti nsomba zikhale zathanzi, mbewu zimakula bwino. Ngati thanzi la chimbudzi cha aquarium chikaipira, kutulutsa kwa mpweya kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, kapena ngakhale kusokonezedwa, mpaka kupangika kwamadzi kukhale koyenera.

Njira yosavuta yoperekera mpweya woipa

Chofunikira chachikulu ndi chotengera (botolo la pulasitiki lita ziwiri, mwachitsanzo) ndi wamba wamba. Zinthu zosafunikira zophika zimatsanuliridwa m'botolo:

Zinthu zosaphika zimathiridwa ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre, shuga samadzutsidwa. Bomba (hose) limayikidwamo modukizadukiza ndipo limasungunuka kumapeto kwa botolo ndikutha, ndipo kumapeto kwake kuli chubu china. Ndi kuyamba kwa ntchito yondoyi, mpweya woipa womwe umatulutsidwa umatulutsidwa mu aqua.

Kuti mupewe kuphatikizika kwa phala kuti isalowe mu aquarium, mutha kuphatikiza botolo la pulasitiki yaying'ono ku thanki yayikulu ndikulumikiza machubu enanso awiri kuti mafuta ndi zida zoyamba kupangira mafuta zigwere mu tank yaying'ono kenako kulowa mu aquarium.

Njira iyi imakhala ndi zovuta zazikulu:

• kulephera kusintha kuchuluka kwa kaboni dayokisa womwe umaperekedwa kumadzi amadzimadzi ndi kusakhazikika kwawoko,
• Kutalika kochepa kwa kachitidwe kotere kuli mpaka masabata awiri.

DIY CO2 jenereta

Kuti mupange jenereta yamagetsi yothandizika ndi kayendetsedwe kazinthu, pamafunika zinthu zambiri ndi ntchito.

Mfundo zoyendetsera kukhazikikazo zimakhala ndi kuphatikiza kwapang'onopang'ono kwa citric acid kuchokera ku chotengera chimodzi kupita kwina, komwe kuli soda. Acidyo imasakanikirana ndi koloko, ndipo CO2 yomwe imatulutsidwa chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala imalowa mu tanki la aquarium. Ganizirani ntchito yopanga molingana ndi magawo a ntchito.

Kapangidwe ka zida

Tengani mabotolo apulasitiki awiri ofanana. M'matayala, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa bwino mabowo awiri mumtimayo kuti mumayike ma machubu (hoses). Tepi imodzi yokhala ndi cheketi yolumikiza imalumikiza tank 1 kupita tank 2.

Tipi yolumikizira imayikidwa pachiwonetsero chachiwiri cha zisoti, nthambi imodzi imakhalanso ndi cheke cheke. Mingono yokhala ndi mavavu osabwereranso iyenera kuyikiridwa mu thanki No. 2, ndipo choyikapo chaching'ono chimayikidwa pakatikati pa tee kuti chiwongolere kutuluka.

Zofunikira Zoyeserera

Mchere wamchere wamchere (60 g wa koloko pa 100 g yamadzi) umathiridwa mu botolo la No. 1, ndipo yankho la citric acid (50 g ya asidi pa 100 g yamadzi) limadzazidwa mu botolo la No. 2. Zotayika zokhala ndi machubu ziyenera kupakidwa zolimba kumabotolo.

Malo onse ophatikizika ndi magawo ayenera kukhala osindikizidwa otetezedwa ndi utomoni kapena silicone kuti muchepetse kutayikira kwa mpweya. Malekezero a payipi yoyamba amayenera kutsitsidwa kuti azitha kuthana ndi mavutowo, ndipo machubu akumanzere ndi kumanja kwa tiyi amayenera kuyikika pamwamba pa mulingo wa zothetsera - CO2 idzadutsa pakati pawo.

Kuyamba kwa ntchito

Kuti muyambe kupanga gasi, muyenera kukanikiza pa botolo 2 (ndi citric acid). Acid kudzera mu payipi yoyamba imalowa mu sodium yankho, ndipo zimachitika ndikutulutsa kaboni dayokisaidi. Vala yosabwereranso yamkokomo sikulola yankho la sopo wopanikizika kuti ilowe mu tank No. 2.

Gasi lomwe lasinthidwa limayenda mbali ziwiri:

• Botolo la citric acid, ndikupangitsa kuti m'badwo mosalekeza,
• munthambi yapakati ya tayi, kudzera momwe CO2 imalowera mu aquarium.

Pogwiritsa ntchito faucet, mutha kuwongolera kayendedwe ka mpweya. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito ma hoses kuchokera ku dontho lachipatala m'malo mopanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tidzagawana ndi maukosi ena owonjezera, omwe ndi abwino kwambiri kuti apange kuchuluka kwa CO2 m'madzi aku aquarium.

Opanga CO2

Mtundu wina Kuperekera kwa CO2 ntchito Jenereta CO2. Pali mitundu iwiri ya opanga CO2. Yoyamba ndi phala. Lachiwiri ndi jenereta yamafuta pogwiritsa ntchito ma carbonates okhala ndi asidi. Njira zonse ziwiri ndizoyenera ma aquariamu apakati - mpaka 100 malita. M'malo akuluakulu, komanso makamaka ndikachulukitsa kwambiri, zomera za m'madzi mwina sizingakhale ndi CO2 yokwanira.

CO2 ya aquarium kuchokera kuphala

Jenereta yotereyi imakhala ndi chotengera chosindikizidwa ndi bomba lowonongeka ndi CO2. Botolo la pulasitiki limatha kuchita ngati chotengera. Nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito msampha wowonjezera kuchokera mu botolo la pulasitiki lachiwiri, ngati mapapuwo amatuluka ndikuyamba kukwawa kuchokera m'botolo. Msampha umalepheretsa phala kulowa mu aquarium.
Phala lokha imatha kukhala ndi magalamu 300 a shuga (osasungunuka), 0,3 magalamu a SafLevure yisiti yowuma (ya zakumwa ndi makeke), madzi okwanira 1 litre m'botolo 2 lita. Nthawi zina shuga amasungunuka limodzi ndi gelatin mu malita 0,5 a madzi ndi malita 0,5 a chisakanizo cha yisiti ndi madzi ofunda amathiridwa pamwamba pake. Monga lamulo, phala lotere limasewera zosaposa milungu iwiri. Kusintha kwa phala kwa phala kumangokhala nyanja, koma nthawi zambiri sikotheka kuwonjezera kuntchito yake kwa masabata opitilira 2-3.

• kusonkhana kosavuta
• mitengo yotsika mtengo yamsonkhano,
• chitetezo.

• kusakhazikika Kuperekera kwa CO2,
• chuma chochepa
• kusowa kwa chakudya.

Jenereta ya CO2 yochokera ku citric acid ndi koloko.

Mosiyana ndi phala Jenereta CO2 umapereka khola la kaboni dayokisaidi. Chifukwa ndikosavuta kukhazikitsa njira yofananira yothetsera njira ya citric acid yankho la koloko ndi kutulutsidwa kwa CO2 kuposa momwe yunifolomu imapangidwira.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopanga ma CO2 oterewa. Njira yosangalatsa kwambiri, yopangidwa molingana ndi chiwembu chotsatirachi, yomwe yatengedwa patsamba lawopanga la 51co2.com (Ku RuNet imapezeka ngati Yuri TPV CO2 Generator):

Chinsinsi cha kukhazikitsa Jenereta CO2 mu citric acid amachokera ku chotengera NDIPO mu chotengera AT ndi koloko, izi zimatulutsa CO2. Carbon dixide yomwe imatsogolera imapangitsa kupanikizika kwakukulu m'matumbo onsewa, chifukwa amalumikizidwa ndi njira 2-1-10-9 ndi mavuvu omaliza3 ndi 8) Komanso mavavu 3,8 ndi 7 perekani kayendedwe ka CO2 kumalo amodzi - kuchokera mchombo AT kuti NDIPO ndi kulowa m'madzimo, koma osabwereranso. CO2 ikangotulutsa jenereta, mu njira 2-1-10-9 ndi chotengera AT kupanikizika kumachepa, koma osati m'chiwiya NDIPO (valavu 3 kumugwira). Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwawonjezeka mu chotengera NDIPO amafinya zipatso za asidi NDIPO mu chotengera AT Ndiponso pali m'badwo wa CO2.
Mphamvu ya m'badwo imayendetsedwa ndi valavu ya singano. D.

• mitengo yotsika mtengo yamsonkhano,
• chitetezo,
• kukhazikika kokwanira Kuperekera kwa CO2,
• kuthekera kolamulira mwamphamvu Kuperekera kwa CO2.

• zovuta zamisonkhano, ngakhale mitengo yotsika mtengo,
• chuma chochepa
• kuchuluka kwapakati pa CO2 kupezeka.

Za mndandanda wotchulidwa Kuperekera kwa CO2 Zomwe zimafunikira ndikutulutsa mphamvu komwe CO2 imasungunuka / kupakidwa mu aquarium ndi kogwirizira kuwira komwe kuchuluka kwa CO2 yoperekedwa ku aquarium kumayendetsedwa. Pali zida zochulukitsira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwira ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza kwambiri ndi Kuperekera kwa CO2 pakhomo la fyuluta wamkati mu aquarium. Zosangalatsa zosangalatsa zimakambidwa pamutu wamasankho Kusankha Reactor Yogwira Ntchito. Koma si njira zonse za CO2 zoperekera zamagetsi zomwe zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ma reactor. Werengani za izi pansipa.

Mpweya wa kaboni mu aquarium, ndevu zakuda komanso malingaliro wamba

Uthenga Wachiroma »Dec 27, 2011 12:56 a.m.

Zomwe zachitika posachedwapa ku birdie zidandichititsa kuti ndiyambe kulemba nkhaniyi. Mzanga wina adandiyandikira, tidakambirana kwa nthawi yayitali, ndidachita zambiri, ndipo zimawoneka ngati, ndamufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane mfundo zogwiritsira ntchito CO2 mu aquarium, ndipo patatha masiku atatu pamalo ena omwe ndidamupeza akulira chifukwa choti adagula mankhwala osakira, Inde, koma palibe chimachitika ... Zili bwino ndi iye, mnzake wosamvetsetseka, zimachitika kwa aliyense, koma kuchuluka kwa zabodza komanso malingaliro osamveka omwe amazungulira pakupezeka kwa kaboni dayokisi ku aquarium kumafunikira kumveka.

Chifukwa chake, ndichifukwa chiyani CO2 imadyetsedwa m'madzi? Nthawi zambiri, kupezeka kwa CO2 kumanenedwa m'mbali ziwiri - kuti tifulumizitse kukula kwa chomera m'mizinda yokongoletsera komanso kuthana ndi ndevu zakuda (kwa iwo omwe sakudziwa, izi ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa komanso opweteka). Kuphatikiza apo, pazochitika zoyamba komanso zachiwiri, zolakwitsa zambiri zimapangidwa ndipo kusamvetsetsa kwathunthu kwamfundoyo kumawonetsedwa. Chifukwa chake, ndi nthawi yoti achite pulogalamu yophunzitsa.

Poyamba, tiyeni tikumbukire chifukwa chiyani mpweya woipa (womwe umatchedwa CO2) nthawi zambiri umafunika chomera? Aliyense ayenera kukumbukira kuchokera ku maphunziro a botany (ndikhulupilira aliyense amaphunzira kusukulu?) Zomera zomwe zimayatsa zimatenga kaboni dayokisi ndikutulutsa mpweya. Nthawi zambiri, chidziwitso chimathera pomwepo, ndipo palibe amene angakumbukire chifukwa chake chimatengedwa pamenepo. M'malo mwake, CO2 ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pazomera zamtundu wa maluwa, ngati mungafotokoze ndi mtundu wa mankhwala, mumapeza izi:

6CO2 + 6H2O + mphamvu dzuwa -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Amakhala kuti chakudya, ma amino acid ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe zimapangidwa kuchokera kumadzi ndi kaboni dayokisi. Ndiye kuti, titha kunena kuti mbewu ija “imadzimangirira yokha” mwa kuyamwa CO2. Mpweya wotulutsidwa ndi chinthu chopangidwa, chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimafunikira chomera ndikupeza zinthu zomanga maselo ake, pomwe zimachokera, tsinde, masamba, maluwa ndi mbewu yonseyo. CO2 ndiye chakudya chachikulu, chimalepheretsa chomera cha CO2 ndipo chimasiya kukula komanso kuyamba kufota, feteleza onse, mipira yamizu, mapiritsi pansi, feteleza amadzimadzi - zonsezi sichinthu choposa zowonjezera. Inde, kuyerekezera kotereku sikolondola, koma akatswiri andikhululuka, koma ndizomveka kwa ma dummies - Nditha kuyereketsa feteleza onse ndi mavitamini. Pano ndi inu, inde inde, kodi mukutha kudya mavitamini okha? Lolani zabwino komanso zotsika mtengo kwambiri? Kapena mukufunikirabe nsomba yokhala ndi moyo, kapena osira pamadzi? Izi ndi izi, apa mbewu zimafunikanso zomwe zikufunika - CO2, china chilichonse ndichothandiza, mtundu wama mavitamini kwa ife. Kumbukirani izi mwamphamvu ndipo musasokoneze feteleza (mavitamini) ndi CO2 (chakudya chamasana chokoma) panonso. Izi ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Tsopano tikutembenukira komwe zovuta ndi CO2 mu aquarium zimachokera. Kuchokera pamabuku omwewo a sukulu, zimadziwika kuti CO2 ili mumlengalenga ndipo gawo lake pamenepo limafikira 0,03% (izi ndi gawo limodzi la 1/700 la gawo la mpweya). M'madzi, kuchuluka kwake kumasintha kwambiri - mpaka 0,5 mg / l CO2 itha kusungunuka mu lita imodzi yamadzi, yomwe imakhala pafupifupi 70 peresenti kuposa mpweya ndi 7 cm3 / lita imodzi yokha ya oxygen (motsutsana ndi 0.01 CO2 ndi mpweya wa 210 m'mlengalenga). Monga mukuwonera, kuchuluka kwake kwasintha kwambiri, CO2 imasungunuka bwino m'madzi, ndipo mpweya, moyipa, umayipa kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, modabwitsa, koma CO2 imatha kutulutsidwa m'madzi mwachangu ngati yasokonezedwa kapena kusungunuka.

Mwachilengedwe, kunyowa kwa CO2 ndi madzi kumachitika 99% chifukwa chothandizirana ndi mpweya komanso madzi ake. Mutha kutchulira polemba ndakatulozo ponena kuti mafunde amaba CO2 kuchokera mumlengalenga. Chotsalira ndi kupuma kwa zinthu zam'madzi ndi zomerazo. Inde Inde! Zomera zimapumira, ndipo pakuwala njirayi ikufanana ndi photosynthesis, ndiye kuti, CO2 imamwa nthawi yomweyo ndipo mpweya umatuluka, mpweya umatulutsidwa ndipo CO2 imatulutsidwa. Ndizakuti kuchuluka kwa photosynthesis pakuwala ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa chake, mpweya wambiri umapezeka. Mumdima, mbewu zimangopuma, ndiye kuti, zimatulutsa CO2. Koma pazambiri, zomwe zimakonda kupuma ndizosautsa. Chifukwa chake, polankhula zamagetsi achilengedwe, kupuma kumatha kunyalanyazidwa. Maperesenti omvetsa chisoni a CO2 omwe amatsogolera sangafanane ndi mavutidwe am'mlengalenga.

Koma yerekezerani kuchuluka kwa mbewu ndi madera ena osungira zachilengedwe! Chomera chilichonse chimakhala ndi malo akuluakulu amadzi. Zowonadi zake, mbewu zimakhala m'mphepete mwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndipo theka lake limatuluka m'madzi, ndikupeza mpweya wambiri womwe umafunikira. Tsopano yang'anani m'madzi - iyi ndi gawo lambiri la gombe, cube lodzala ndi mbewu. Koma malo akuluakulu omwe CO2 imalowa ndi kuti? Koma sakhala mu aquarium. Zomera zonse zopezeka za CO2 zimadyedwa m'mphindi zochepa atayatsa nyali, ndiye zinyenyeswazi zochokera ku mpweya wa nsomba zimalandiridwa. Zachidziwikire, china chake chimalowanso m'madzi nthawi yamathandizidwe, koma mukukumbukira kuti CO2 imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi ndikumasulidwa mosavuta. Chifukwa chake likukhalira kuti aeration ndi lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse - limasungunuka pang'ono, limatenga kuchuluka komweko, ndipo chifukwa chake - pafupifupi sasintha. Ndipo mbewuzo, m'mene zidakhalapo ndi njala, khalani ndi njala.

Inde, nsomba zochuluka zimatha kuthetsa vutoli, koma nthawi zambiri, nsomba ndizosakwanira kuti mbewu zikule bwino. Izi zimachitika makamaka pokongoletsa ma aquariums obzalidwa kwambiri ndi zomera. Nthawi zambiri mumakhala nsomba zochepa m'mizinda zotere, koma pali mbewu zambiri. Ndipo chiŵerengero cha mbewu ndizomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Kwa akatswiri ambiri am'madzi izi zikuwoneka zokwanira, masamba amakula, ena amawoneka kuti akukula mwachangu, kodi pali nkhawa yanji? Kwa ambiri, ndizosavuta, palibe chomwe chimakula mwachisawawa, simukuyenera kupitanso kamodzi pamwezi ndipo simuyenera kudula chilichonse. Chilichonse ndichosavuta komanso chosangalatsa.

Ndipo zonse zitha kukhala bwino, koma panthawi yotsatiridwa titha kuphwanya njira yankhanza kwambiri - kuwukira kwa mwala wamsongole. Sindilowa pazifukwa zomwe izi zimachitika mwadzidzidzi m'madzi okongola komanso otukuka, ingoganizirani kuti ndi chowonadi - mwala, makamaka "ndevu zakuda", zimadzidzimuka mwadzidzidzi ndipo zonse zimasokonekera. Kenako msodzi wam'madzi amayamba kuyang'ana njira zopulumutsira mavuto omwe sanakumane nawo, amafufuza za mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala omwe amatha kuyambitsa masamba osafunikira, kukumba pa intaneti komanso m'mabuku apadera. Ndipo pamapeto pake, mawu amatsenga "Tse-O-Awiri" adzakhala yankho lamatsenga pakupeza njira zothetsera vutoli, ndipo kwa nthawi yoyamba mzambiri wam'madzi wosokoneza azakumana ndi zinthu ngati silinda kapena "jenereta", chosintha komanso chosinthira CO2.

Zachidziwikire, apa ndidabweretsa zowopsa, koma zokumana nazo zanga zikuwonetsa kuti anthu ambiri amabwera pakufunika kogwiritsa ntchito CO2 kungomenyana ndi algae kuposa okonda osowa omwe adakhwima mpaka pamlingo wopanga zokongoletsera zamadzimadzi.

Tisanaganizire njira ndi njira zoperekera CO2 ku aquarium, tiwona momwe kuchuluka kwa CO2 m'madzi kungathandizire polimbana ndi algae. M'malo mwake, zonse ndizosavuta pano ndipo zimatsika mpikisano pakati pa mbewu. Chowonadi ndichakuti kagayidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ka ntchito ka photosynthesis pazomera zapamwamba ndizothandiza kwambiri kuposa zakale zakale komanso zakale. Chifukwa chake, zomera zimatha kupambana mu malo apadera, "osavutikira" pazomera zapamwamba. Ndipo imodzi mwazikhalidwe izi ndi njala ya kaboni dayokisaidi. Choperewera CO2 chomwe chilipo m'madzi ndi chokwanira kachulukidwe kakale, koma sikokwanira kwa mbewu zapamwamba zambiri. Zotsatira zake, algae imakula, imadya bwino michere yosungunuka m'madzi, ndipo mbewu zapamwamba zimayima pafupifupi popanda kukula ndikugwada mwakachetechete. Wina atha kusankha - ndikofunikira kuyika CO2 kumadzi ndipo zonse zakonzedwa nthawi yomweyo! Akunena, koma theka lokha. Chifukwa CO2 yokhayo sili vuto. Kumbukirani njira, pali zinthu zina ziwiri - madzi ndi kuwala. Tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi madzi ambiri, chadzaza chamadzi, koma kodi pali kuwala kokwanira? Kodi ndiye kuwala kolondola, kodi kumamezedwa ndi mbewu? Ndi kuthekera kwa 90%, ndiyika pachiwopsezo kuganiza kuti ayi. Mizinda zonse zam'mizinda (zopanda chizindikiro) zimabwera ndi kuwala kochepa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona momwe mababu awiri a 15-watt amayikidwa pansi pamadzi okwanira malita 120. Gawani 2x15 ndi 120 ndikupeza magetsi owala a 0.25 watts pa lita. Izi sizokwanira, chikhalidwe chokwanira kuti mbewu zikule bwino sichikhala 0,5 Watts pa lita, kuwonjezera, kuya kwa aquarium ndikuwoneka bwino kwa mawonekedwe a nyali ziyenera kukumbukiridwa. Ndiye kuti, m'masanjidwe oyenera oterowo muyenera kuwonjezera nyali ziwiri, kungopatsa mbewuzo kuwala kokwanira kwa photosynthesis.

Koma tiyerekeze kuti tinayikanso nyali ziwiri mu aquarium, koma sizinasinthe china chilichonse, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa CO2 kunakhalabe chimodzimodzi. Kodi mukuganiza kuti zonse zomwe muli nazo zidzaphukira ndi kuyenda? Ngakhale! Mwachidziwikire mudzakakwera msipu wobiriwira, ndipo ngakhale madziwo "adzaphuka" ndikukhala ngati dambo labwino. Izi zichitika kuchokera ku kusalingalira kwa banal - pali kuwala kambiri, koma kulibe chakudya chokwanira, ndiko kuti, CO2. Zotsatira zake, mbewu sizingakulitse, koma mwamphuka ndiye thambo lenileni.

Konzani momwe zinthu ziliri, perekani CO2 ku aquarium. Zomera zimaphukira bwino, nyemba zimayamba kubisilidwa, koma pakapita nthawi mbewuzo zimasiya kuyima ndikukula. Chavuta ndi chiyani? Kodi pali chakudya chokwanira tsopano? Ndipo zimayima, pamenepo, masamba adayamba kutembenukira chikaso yokutidwa ndi mabowo ... Koma zoona zake ndikuti tidayiwala za "mavitamini". Zomera zidafufutira zonse zofunika m'madzi ndikuima. Ndipo ndinapumira nthawi yomweyo anayesanso kugwiritsa ntchito algae. Zoyenera kuchita? Timawonjezeramo feteleza ndi ma michere m'madzi ndipo tsopano masamba ake ndiwobiriwira komanso obiriwira, zomerazi "zimamatira ngati mfuti", ndipo mwala umakhala wachisoni kwinakwake kuseri kwa nyumba ndikuyembekezera mwayi wina.

Chifukwa chake, payekhapayekha, palibe chimodzi mwazomwe zimapangitsa kuti feteleza wa CO2-wabwino athe bwino. Koma ngati mungazigwiritse ntchito zonse pamodzi, nthawi yomweyo, ndiye pokhapokha mutapeza dimba lamadzi pansi pamadzi, ndipo ndevu zoyipazo zimafa zokha, osatha kupirira mpikisano, ndipo aquarium idzakondweretsa diso. Koma musanathamangire kumalo ogulitsira kukayikira dongosolo la CO2, ma bulbu oyenera ndi thumba la feteleza - tiyeni tiwone zitsanzo ndi mfundo zoyendetsera makina osiyanasiyana operekera CO2 mu aquarium.

Ndiyenera kunena nthawi yomweyo kuti kupereka CO2 kudzera pa atomizer wamba sikuthandiza. Choyambirira, mabuluni ambiri sakhala ndi nthawi yopukutira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mudzawononga zonse zomwe zili mu balloon osachita chilichonse. Kachiwiri, ndi kupezeka kotere, ndizosatheka kumwa kuchuluka kwa CO2 m'madzi. Ndipo mankhwala osokoneza bongo sakhala othandiza. Kuchuluka kwa CO2 kusungunuka m'madzi kumabweretsa kupangika kwa carbonic acid. Ndi acid ofooka, komanso yokwanira kutsitsa mtengo wa pH mu aquarium. Chifukwa chake, mukamaponya CO2 m'madzi, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chodzapeza zotsika kwambiri za pH, mpaka 4-5. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo, nsomba zimaberekana ndipo mbewu zimagwetsa masamba ndikufa. Chifukwa chake kudziletsa kumafunikira m'zonse, ndipo ngati madzi anu amachepa, mukusowa njira imeneyi.

Njira yosavuta, koma yopanda tanthauzo, njira yothetsera utsi wa CO2 ndikudzaza chikho chosalowetsedwa ndi mpweya. Ndiye kuti, ikani chikho cha pulasitiki chanthawi zonse (ndimagwiritsa ntchito mawu amkati mwa yoghurts, ndizosavuta kuzikonza pakona ya aquarium), kumiza, kutembenuza ndikutulutsa mpweya pang'ono. Bubble amapezeka mkati mwa kapu, yomwe imasungunuka pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri madzulo mafuta onse ochokera kapu amapita m'madzi. Vuto lokhalo ndiku kukonza chikhochi kuti chisatumphukire ndipo chisathe. Ndi zizindikiro za kuuma kwazomwezo ku Moscow (kuuma pafupifupi 10, kabatiate pafupifupi 6, pH pafupi ndi 7) simungathe kuyendetsa chilichonse popanda mayeso. Palibe mpweya wambiri m'magalasi, magwiridwe antchito sanawonongeke, motero palibe mavuto ndi pH.

Kudzaza chikho, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito siphon yanyumba wamba yamadzi otentha. Ngati mukukumbukira, kamodzi, munthawi za Coca-Cola, panali zotere. Adaimbidwa ndimatumba a CO2 oponderezedwa. Ndi siphon yomwe mungagwiritse ntchito, ikani chubu yayitali kwa iye ndikumapopera pang'ono CO2 m'mawa uliwonse m'magalasi opachikidwa m'masisitere. Mwa njira, Tetra CO2-Optimat shipping system imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yomweyo - ngakhale kapu siyikupangidwa kunyumba, koma pamakapu oyamwa, kapangidwe kake ndizovuta kwambiri, koma gasiyo imakhudzidwanso kuchokera kutsina laling'ono. Chachikulu ndikuti musaiwale kupopera gawo lina la mpweya m'mawa. Ndipo zokwanira palafiniyi pamadzi wamba a malita 100, pafupifupi mwezi umodzi.

Koma njirayi ndiyosautsa, ndipo am'madzi ndi anthu aulesi, njira zina adapangira izi. Dongosolo losangalatsa kwambiri lasinthidwa posachedwa ndi SERA - kit CO2-Start. Mfundo yake ndi yomweyo - chikho choponderezedwa. Koma simukufunika kuwuzira mpweya kuchokera ku chokho kulowa, CO2 imasulidwa kuchokera piritsi lapadera. Piritsi imaponyedwa pamtengo wapadera, kamodzi mu chipinda chomwe amafunikira imayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu ndipo chifukwa chake imatuluka pafupifupi 100 cm3 ya CO2. Chinyengo chake ndi chakuti piritsi, kuphatikiza gasi, limakhala ndi ma micele omwe amafunikira mbewu ("mavitamini" omwewo), kotero kuti mumodzi munagwa simumangokhala madzi okha ndi kaboni diokosi, komanso kupatsanso manyowa az microsutrient a mbewu. aquarium yakwana miyezi iwiri, piritsi limodzi limakhala lokwanira masiku 3-4.Pamene buku lalikulu la aquarium, mapiritsi amayenera kuponyedwa pafupipafupi, pomwe kukula kwake kumakhala kwakukulu ndi malita 150-170.Izi ndi chifukwa mapiritsi amayenera kuponyedwa nthawi zambiri mu aquarium yayikulu, kale Sizimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa kufufuza zinthu, kapangidwe kophweka ndi kosavuta kotere.

Koma si zokhazo. Ma Aquarists ndi anthu achilengedwe ndipo abwera ndi ena omwe amafunikira kachitidwe kochepa kwambiri kogwiritsa ntchito CO2 ku aquarium.

Kodi mukudziwa phala? Inde, kuweruza chifukwa cha kusekerera kwa ambiri - mukudziwa. Chifukwa chake, timatenga botolo (mwachitsanzo kuchokera pansi pa Coca-Cola), timatsanulira shuga, supuni ya tiyi ya yisiti ndipo timapeza njira yovutira. Kodi chikuwoneka bwanji panthawi yankhumba? Ndizowona - CO2! Zimatsalabe momwe mungalumikizire chubu ndi chivindikiro ndikutambasulira mu aquarium. Ndikukuchenjezani pomwepo, sizophweka monga momwe zimawonekera, kaboni dayokisaidi ndi madzi kwambiri ndipo umalowa mosavuta m'mipata yaying'ono. Chifukwa chake muyenera kusinkhana ndikusindikiza kulumikizana konse. Koma zitatha izi, mumakhala mwini chipangizo chodziyimira pawokha chomwe chimatulutsa thovu m'magazi kwa mwezi umodzi. Kuti phala lokha isalowe mu aquarium, ndibwino kudutsa mpweya kudzera mu botolo lina, momwe ngati kuli koyenera, yisiti yopanda pake idzasonkhanitsidwa. Botolo lapakatikati limatha kukhala laling'ono, 0.5l ndi yokwanira.

Chabwino, mabulowa adapita ku aquarium, koma nditani kenako? Ndipo mutha kuwatsogolera iwo kapu yomweyo, kapena kusintha chubu kuchokera ku "oscillator" kupita ku fyuluta. Popeza zosefera zambiri zimatha kuyamwa mlengalenga kuti zithandizire madzi, chubu amalumikizana ndi fyuluta, madzi amayenda amatenga thovu, amawaphwanya, ndikuponyera mitambo yaying'ono pamadzi mwamphamvu. Vuto limodzi, ma micububulo oterowo nthawi zambiri amatha kutuluka asanasungunuke m'madzi ndipo mpweya wina umatayika. Zachidziwikire, mutha kuyika zojambulazo mwakuya, ndiye kuti njira yamafuta pamtunda ikhale yayitali ndipo imayamba kusungunuka bwino. Komabe, mphamvu yakuwonongeka kotereku ndiyotsika. Zoyenera kuchita?

Pazakutha bwino kwa ma Bubble a CO2, ma processor apadera ambiri apangidwa.Mwambiri, kampani iliyonse yabwino imatulutsa njira yake yopukutsira CO2 m'madzi am'madzi, koma mwatsatanetsatane ndidzayang'ana pazabwino ziwiri zokha, kuchokera pamalingaliro anga, Germany Dennerle ndi Japan ADA (iyi ndi Takashi Amano). Mfundo zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndikukulitsa njira ya bubble m'madzi momwe angathere ndipo potero amapatsa nthawi kuti athe kusungunuka kwathunthu. Pakuti ichi, kachitidwe kuchenjerera ntchito imene kuwira ukwera ku nthawi yaitali m'mwamba mwa mwauzimu kapena pamodzi makwerero kwathunthu Kutha pa njira pamwamba. Kuchita bwino kwa machitidwe otere kumafika 100% ndipo apa ndi atsogoleri osatsutsika. Inemwini, ndimakonda kwambiri chopukutira cha Dennerle, mmalo mwake mumabowola kachingwe ndikuyamba kusungunuka pamaso pathu! Chotero riyakitala angathe chikugwirizana ndi kwina kulikonse zonse mpweya - ndi yamphamvu Link (ine ndikukuuzani inu zambiri za iwo) kapena kwa zinawonongeka "mkuwa jenereta". Mwa njira, CO 30 FLIPPER-SET dongosolo lopangidwa ndi Dennerle limakhazikitsidwa ndendende pamfundo yopaka mphamvu - kapu yaying'ono yothandizira imatsanuliridwa mu silinda yokhala ndi ma gel osokoneza bongo omwe amagwira ntchito, omwe amayamba njira yovunda mkati mwake. Ndipo thovu lomwe limalowa m'madzi limasungunula pogwiritsa ntchito zida zophatikizira. Mukufunsa - kodi mfundo ngati mukhoza kuchita chimodzimodzi ndi shuga zonse ndi yisiti? Zachidziwikire kuti owongolera ndiabwino, koma bwanji agula china chilichonse? ... Chowonadi ndi chakuti yisiti “wosunga jenereta” wamba amayamba mwachangu, m'masiku oyambira kuchuluka kwa kaboni dayokosi, kenako kugwira kwake kumagwa mwachangu. Munthawi imodzimodziyo, kupesa kumachitika mosalekeza komanso mofananirako ndipo zimangotengera kutentha kwa silinda. Mwakufuna kutentha kwa yamphamvu ndi kutentha kwa Aquarium, izo aikidwa mu chidebe wapadera pa khoma la Aquarium, ndipo kuwira kauntala amadziwikanso atathana kumeneko. Chilichonse ndichopangika komanso chosadetsa, silinda imatulutsa gasi, mawaya 300,000 amatulutsidwa kuchokera kumilingo imodzi, yomwe pamlingo wotentha madigiri 24 ndi okwanira pamwezi wokha. Pa mfundo zokulira pakatikati, dongosolo limapereka machulukitsidwe athunthu a CO2 mu aquarium yokhala ndi ma 100-120 malita, ngati kuuma kwa carbonate kuli kotsika, ndiye kuti voliyumu yayikulu ndiyokwanira. Mathanki okha zilipo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makhalidwe osiyana; zitsanzo amenewa 100% yanyumba CO2 mu m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera ku malita 100 400. Ndipo kwa ma aquariamu akulu pali makina ngati CYCLO 5000 omwe amalumikizidwa ndi fyuluta, amapereka kufotokozera koyenera m'mavoliyumu mpaka malita 5000.

Ambiri amatha kuwona kawonedwe kofananira ka Amano kumsonkhano womaliza. Izi ndi galasi phirilo ndi mwauzimu chubu mkati, pamodzi amene amathamanga kuwira. Mwa ife, maonekedwe ake amachititsa kuyanjana kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa mwezi, koma sizingalepheretse mayendedwe ake. Vuto limodzi, zopangidwa ndi ADA mdziko lathu sizikupezeka konse, ndipo mitengoyo ndi yokwera ndipo amapangidwira am'madzi olemera kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti dziko lonse ndi mankhwala Amano amene ali kwambiri otchuka ndi bwino kugulitsa, tangoyang'anani osachepera osiyanasiyana masitolo Intaneti.

[Kukula gif analetsedwa, ubwenzi salankhula.]

Tsopano popeza mumatha kupanga bwino CO2 m'madzi, mutha kupitabe ku njira zowoneka bwino. Ntchito zawo zaluso zimangokhala mtengo, chifukwa sizitanthauza kuti okhawo okhazikitsa akatswiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makina amenewa. Kachiwiri kuti atichitire zinachitikira Western, tikhoza kunena kuti dongosolo zili m'gulu la ya zipangizo Aquarium aliyense kukongoletsa ndi zomera. Kodi zimaphatikizidwa ndi chiyani?

Chofunikira komanso chosangalatsa kwambiri ndi botolo la mpweya! Zonenepa zosiyana, ku 500g 20 makilogalamu, okonda zoweta amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito ndi zonenepa wathu zonse anagula pa msika zomangamanga, amene watanthauzo zogula ndi kuwasindikiza zida ndi yamphamvu ndi kuwasindikiza yomweyo. Silindayo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti apeze malo abwino pomwe akhoza kudzazidwanso, ndipo izi ziyenera kuchitidwa, kutengera mphamvu, kuyambira kamodzi miyezi iwiri iliyonse mpaka chaka chimodzi. Ndikuganiza kuti sizovuta kuvuta silinda kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, sichoncho?

Koma yamphamvu pakokha onse. Woyeserera amafunika kuti silindayo achepetse kupanikizika, ndipo kuti mukhale ndi lingaliro la kuchuluka komwe kwatsalira mu cholembera, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi manometer. Monga ndidanenera, kaboni dayokisa ndi madzi ambiri, ndiye kuti mumafunikira valavu yabwino yosintha bwino, ndipo mufunanso valavu ya solenoid. An vavu mu atomu chofunika zimitsani CO2 usiku pamene magetsi zimitsani. Kupanda kutero, kungagwera pH mwamphamvu, koma nsomba zimayamba kuchuluka. Pa kachitidwe ka d2 CO2, muyenera kukhala mwatsatanetsatane.

Chirichonse chiri chabwino pang'ono. Izi ndizowona makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa CO2 m'madzi. Pofuna kuti chisayambitse kuchuluka kwa vuto la pH, CO2 iyenera kuperekedwa mwachangu. Alipidwa mlingo mpweya otaya ndi kuzungulira 6-8 thovu pamphindi pa 100 lita Aquarium. Ndi mphamvu yochepa riyakitala (mwachitsanzo, posungunuka kudzera mu fayilo yopopera), kulimba kumayenera kuwonjezeka. Kuchuluka kwa machulukidwe amadzi a CO2 kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso apadera, chifukwa chake SERA imapanga piramidi yoyesa kwa nthawi yayitali yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wowunika kusintha kwa mulingo wa CO2 m'madzi. Komanso, mulingo woyenera pH mlingo akhoza kuchita masamu ndi miyezo ya kuuma carbonate (KH) ndi madzi pH monga tebulo:

Kugwiritsa ntchito tebulo ili, kudziwa pH ndi kuuma kwa madzi a carbonate, ndizotheka kudziwa zomwe zili mg / lita imodzi ya CO2 m'madzi. Mwachitsanzo, kukhala ndi zovuta za 8 ndi pH ya 6.8, timapeza zolemba za CO2 za 40 mg pa lita.

Izi njira yabwino kwa anthu amene kale mayesero yoyenera ndipo sindikufuna kuti ndalama pa atsopano. Kwa iwo omwe ali ofunitsitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama, pali mita yolondola kwambiri ya pH yamagetsi yolumikizidwa ndi wolamulira wapadera. Makina oterowo amayang'anira magawo amadzi nthawi zonse ndikuchepetsa kapena kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa gasi ku aquarium, kutengera kufunika kwake. m'njira imeneyi ndiyo woyenera ndi zolondola, monga lili abwino chakudya molondola ndi kumatha kuthekera cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kupanda kutero, woyang'anira nsomba amayenera kusankha kuchuluka kwa chakudya poyesa zolakwika, kuyang'anira madzi nthawi zonse ndi mayeso. Mwambiri, sizovuta kuti musinthe kamodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwa miyezi ingapo, koma usiku kumakhalabe kuthekera kwa kuchepa kosalamulirika kwa pH. Choncho, monga mchitidwe zofunika kwambiri zoterozo dongosolo, ndi valavu mu atomu chofunika kuti akatseka kuchokera kotunga mpweya usiku. Mukalumikiza valavu yotereyi kumakina opangidwa ndi nyumba, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti valavu idapangidwa kuti ikhale ndi malire. Mwachitsanzo, ma valve a SERA solenoid amapangidwira zovuta mpaka 8 bar ndi ma Dupla CO2-Magnetventil mavavu mpaka 10 bar. Mavavu okha akhoza amasiyana mowa mphamvu kwambiri ndalama, monga nthawi yonse, okwera mtengo kwambiri.

Kuti mudziwe mtengo wamakina awa, ndikupatsani ziwerengero zotsatirazi - chipangizo cha sera ndi botolo la 500g, chowongoletsa, cholembera chamtundu wa magetsi ndi kuyimitsa kwa CO2 zingatenge 200 dollars. Zofanana zofanizira kuchokera ku Dennelre zimawononga pafupifupi mauro 190. kuti wina wa mayuro 50 ndalama ndi valavu mu atomu. Ngati wazamadzi akufuna kukhazikitsa dongosolo lowongolera lokha mwa iyemwini, ndiye kuti Dennelre pH-Controller 588 ikadula pafupifupi 360-370 euro, ndipo sera Seramic control system itenga pafupifupi 330 euro. Chifukwa chake woyang'anira nsomba yemwe apanga dongosolo lolondola la CO2 pazoyang'anira ayenera kukhala wokonzekera kulipira kuchokera ku 200 mpaka 600 mumauro.

[Kukula gif zinali zoletsedwa, zomata sizikupezekanso.]

Komabe, ambiri, losavuta "kukalowa chikho" mtundu dongosolo ndi zokwanira. Nanga bwanji ngati gasiyo imasungunuka mosiyanasiyana pamenepo, ndipo mphamvu yake imakhala yochepa? Koma pamtengo wotsika mtengo, mankhwala osokoneza bongo sawonjezedwa, koma pali mwayi wabwino wopatsa mbewu zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Ambiri, izo zidalira pa mlingo wa zopempha zanu - wina kukhazikitsa okha zosachepera dongosolo kuchokera Amano, ndi wina, ndi chikho cha dodolido adzakhala zokwanira.

Ndipo, panjira, za malingaliro amodzi wamba - amati mbewu zimabzalidwa pa CO2 ngati mankhwala ndipo zimafa popanda izo. Palibe chilichonse chamtunduwu, ndimakonda kukoka tchire kuchokera ku ma aquariums okhala ndi CO2 kudyetsa ma aquariums popanda imodzi. Ndipo choipa chilichonse chimachitika. Inde, mbewuyo imachepetsa kukula kwake ndikuyamba kubala osati masamba apamwamba, koma izi ndizomveka! Zakudya zachepa, tsopano angachulukitse bwanji zotsalira posatira njira yofulumira? Koma zomera kusiya masamba, kapena kufa opanda CO2 - ichi uli wathunthu zamkhutu! Ndipo omwe akunena izi atha kulangizidwa kuti azingoyang'ana zifukwa zina zakufa kwa chomera. Mwachitsanzo, mbewu nthawi zambiri zimazizira paulendo. Ambiri amakonda kuvala nsomba chifuwa, koma pamene kugula mbewu, anthu ambiri kusiya mosasamala akukupiza kathumba ka ndi chitsamba basi anagula. Ndipo ndi madigiri 4 okha kunja! Ndipo mbewu zotentha! Kodi sizodabwitsa kuti iwo kuvunda mu masiku angapo pambuyo kugula? Ndipo kudyetsa a CO2 sikuyenera kukhala ndi mlandu pano, koma kupusa kwa wam'madzi kuyimitsa chitsamba kapena kuyiyika m'madzi omwe ali osiyana ndi mankhwala popanda kusintha ...

Funso lina losangalatsa kwa oyamba kumene - ndipo nsomba sizikwanira? Ayi, iwo sadzakhala suffocate Komanso, zidzakhala ngakhale mosavuta kupuma kuposa ndi aeration wamba. CO2 ikaperekedwa ndikuwala kwambiri, njira yodzala photosynthesis imatsogolera ku kupangika kwa okosijeni kumene kuti mbewuzo zimakutidwa ndi thovu la O2 loyera. Mazana ndi maukosi mazana ambiri a okosijeni amakwera pamwamba, kumayang'ana masamba, ndikupanga thovu lalikulu. Chotero aeration, ndi mpweya woyera, sangathe kupereka ndi atomizers aliyense ndi compressors. Ngati pali valavu yamagetsi ndipo CO2 yoperekera magetsi imazimitsidwa usiku, komanso kuchuluka kwa nsomba mu aquarium, ndiye kuti mutha kuchita popanda kuthandizira. Kupanda kutero, ngati CO2 yanu imaperekedwa kuchokera ku "jenereta" yopangidwa ndi nyumba komanso mwamphamvu kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuperekanso mwayi woti muthe kutembenuka ndi usiku. Ngakhale ... Kawirikawiri, kachitidwe kunyumba zopangidwa sali okonzeka ndi dongosolo ogwira kuvunda, choncho palibe kanthu mochuluka bwanji gurgling kumeneko, theka pachabe. Ndipo ndi magalasi ovuta usiku ndimankhwala osokoneza bongo, simungaganize nkomwe.

Pomaliza, ndibwerezanso kunena mwachidule zomwe zanenedwa:

1. CO2 kotunga yekha si limathetseratu vuto lina lililonse kwa algae! Mababu opepuka ndi mavalidwe owoneka bwino ayenera kukhala ophatikizidwa ndi CO2!

2. Palibe chifukwa chowombera CO2 kulowa mu aquarium wopanda mbewu. Ngati inu muli algae pa miyala mu Aquarium ndi Amalawi, ndiye kuli bwanji CO2 sindikufuna kuwomba iwo sadzakhala zochepa. Koma posachedwa ichulukira.

3. Osasokoneza CO2 ndi feteleza wazomera! CO2 ndi chakudya yaikulu ya zomera, nyama yang'ombe limene iwo kukula. Ndipo feteleza sioposa mavitamini. M'munda wanu wa feteleza, chilichonse chimakula kokha chifukwa mbewu zimalandira CO2 yochuluka kuchokera kumlengalenga. Mu Aquarium zochita ndi osiyana.

4. Ngati mukutumiza CO2 kudzera mu silinda, ndiye kuti sankhani mayeso oyenda. Ndipo taganizirani - kodi ndichoyenera kuwonongera pa solenoid vala? Ndithudi, usiku, zomera chiyani kudya CO2 ndipo amasonkhana madzi.

5. Kuthandiza mwamphamvu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito "mafunde" kumachepetsa zomwe zili mu CO2 m'madzi kuzinthu zochepa. Ndi nyali zabwino, aquarium safunanso kuthandizira, kupatula usiku wokha!

Ine ndikuyembekeza kuti zimene zalembedwa adzabweretsa ena momveka ndi thandizo oyamba ambiri kusankha chimene CO2 ndi mu Aquarium, bwanji izo zofunikira ndi mmene kuikamo zonse. Komabe, ngati mungaganize zopanga zokongoletsera zam'madzi zokhala ndi mbeu zochuluka, ndimalimbikitsa kulumikizana ndi akatswiri. Monga akunenera, kupewa. Muyenera kuthamanga ngati dongosolo moyang'aniridwa pafupi ndipo nthawi zambiri n'kosavuta ndipo mtengo ndi kulipira katswiri kuposa kuyesera ndi magawo nokha. Katswiri ndi mbewu zithandizira kutola, ndikuyika kuwala koyenera, ndipo, ndizachidziwikire, kugwiritsa ntchito kachitidwe ka CO2.