English Bulldog ndi galu wamphamvu, wotetemera wokhala ndi minofu yolimba. Chifukwa cha chilengedwe chawo, malingaliro awo ndi ukhondo, bulldog amatchedwa "njonda ya Chingerezi."
Zambiri
- Dzinalo: Chichewa bulldog
- Dziko Loyambira: UK
- Kulemera: amuna 24-25 makilogalamu, akazi 22-23 kg
- Kutalika (kutalika kufota): pafupifupi 40 cm
- Kutalika kwa moyo: Zaka 7-10
Zapamwamba
- Wopezerera wachingerezi wamkulu - galu ndi waulesi kwambiri ndipo popanda chidwi chake amapita kokayenda, amatha kukhalauma. Komabe, kuti mukhalebe oyenera, kuyenda kwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndikofunikira.
- Kutentha ndi chinyezi ndi chilango chenicheni kwa agalu a mtundu uwu. Kuyenda ndi bulldog patsiku lotentha kwambiri, onetsetsani kuti chiweto chanu sichichita mopitilira muyeso, ndipo ngati izi zichitika, tengani mwachangu.
- Chingerezi cha Bulldog sichikhala cha mtundu wa "mumsewu". Pabwalo la nyumbayo, mu benchi wamba, adzakhala wopanda nkhawa kwambiri, komanso onse chifukwa chokhala ndi chovala chachifupi chomwe sichiteteza kuzizira. Agaluwa amatha kusungidwa m'nyumba kapena m'nyumba.
- Amuna a miyendo inayi nthawi zambiri amapanga phokoso lalikulu. Amangodumphadumpha, amagugudiza, ndipo ngakhale amatulutsa usiku.
- Chodabwitsa china cha agaluwa sichimagwirizana kwenikweni ndi chikhalidwe cha "aristocracy" - nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto lochita kusokonekera, ndiye kuti, kupangidwa kwa mpweya. Kwa anthu ofinya, izi zimatha kukhala vuto lenileni.
- English Bulldog imakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda osiyanasiyana opuma. Cholinga chake chili mu nkhope yaying'ono, yomwe imapangitsa kuti nasopharynx ikhale pachiwopsezo cha tizilombo tambiri toyambitsa matenda.
- Oimira mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kususuka, amalemera mosavuta kenako amadwala kunenepa kwambiri.
- Chifukwa cha mutu waukulu komanso mawonekedwe a chigaza, bulldogs yachingelezi imalephera kubereka ana. Ana ambiri agalu amabadwa pogwiritsa ntchito gawo la cesarean.
Chichewa bulldog - Osangokhala oteteza wamkulu, komanso bwenzi lenileni. Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mukumva chisoni mumtima, munthu “wachingelezi” uyu wokhala ndi nkhope yoseketsa adzakusangalatsani. Koma ngati mutu waukulu, makwinya ambiri komanso wokutira kumaso ungasangalale, ndiye kuti agalu omwe amapangika kuti ndi amiseche amatha kukankhira kumbali. Chingerezi Bulldog ndiye mwini wa mawonekedwe omwe simungathe kuwasokoneza ndi ena. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, zitha kuwoneka ngati kuti chiwetocho ndichopanda mawonekedwe komanso chosakwiya. Komabe, ngati ngozi yeniyeni ikubwera mwa iye kapena mwini wake, galuyo amachitapo kanthu mwachangu ndipo adzitha kudziteteza. Mbadwa zokhala ndi miyendo inayi yaku Misty Albion zimakhala bwino ndi bata. Makhalidwewa amaphatikizidwa ndi kulimba mtima ngakhalensoumauma.
Mbiri ya mtundu wa English Bulldog
M'zaka za zana la 17 mpaka 19, ma bulldog akale achingelezi adachokera ku mastiffs ku Central Asia ndi North Caucasian Alans adagawidwa mdera la Great Britain. Adali ofunidwa ngati agalu osaka posaka. Dzinalo limagwirizana kwathunthu ndi cholinga chake: mawu oti "bulldog" amamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi kuti "galu wa ng'ombe". Ndi gulu lakale la Chingerezi lomwe ndi makolo a ngwazi za nkhaniyi - bulldogs zamakono za Chingerezi.
Pali kufanana kwakukulu pakati pa Chingerezi chakale ndi bulldog yamakono ya Chingerezi. Koma kusiyana kwakukulu ndikadali khalidwe. Makolo akale a bulldogs amasiku ano anali oyipa kwambiri. Ankazigwiritsa ntchito kusangalatsa anthu, omangidwa pa ng'ombe, mahatchi ngakhale zimbalangondo ndi mikango. Nkhondo zamagazi zoterezi zidapangitsa kuti nyama zamtchire zokha, komanso magulu achifwambawo, omwe adachitidwa chipongwe, nyanga ndi ziboda.Mapeto a izi, ngati ndinganene, zisangalalo zidabwera mu 1835, pomwe boma la Britain lidaletsa kwathunthu kupha ng'ombe. Koma izi sizinayimitse okonda "masewera" wamagazi: ngati sizingatheke kuyimitsa ng'ombe zachingelezi zakale ndi ng'ombe, ndiye m'malo mwa iwo omaliza adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito agalu ena.
Pambuyo kanthawi kochepa, kumenya galu kunaletsedwanso. Koma anthu otere adasewera nthabwala zoyipa ndi a Bulldogs akale achi Ngerezi. Popeza ndinataya mwayi wogwira nawo ntchito yankhondo - kaya ndi nyama zakutchire kapena agalu ena - mtunduwo udayamba kuchepa, chifukwa zibwano zake zamphamvu kwambiri, zamphamvu zolimba zokhala ndi gawo lakufa sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Vuto lina ku mtunduwo lidatha, popeza ma bulldogs amatengera amtundu wina, ndipo kumapeto kwake kunali agalu ochepa chabe.
Mu 1858-1859, ntchito idayamba pa kuteteza English Bulldogs. Komabe, obereketsa adzipangira ntchito ina - yothetsa zoyipa zosafunikira mwa iwo. Osati zovuta ku Britain yonse idasankha anthu oyenera kwambiri. Chaka chotsatira, chiwonetsero chidachitika ku Birmingham, komwe zitsanzo za mtundu "watsopano" zimapangidwira. Mwa chikhalidwe chawo komanso zamkati mwawo, izi zinali kutali ndi ma bulldog omwe amadziwika kale. Alendo pazachionetserochi adathokoza ntchito ya geneticists ndi obereketsa kwathunthu: zowunikira zinali zabwino kwambiri!
Mu 1873, mtunduwu udavomerezeka ndi English Kennel Club, monga umboni wa kulowa m'mabuku a nthawi imeneyo. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1880, ma bulldogs aku England adayamba kulabadira mosawerengera kwawo kwakale. Ndipo lero palibe amene anganene chifukwa chake anali okondedwa: chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo oseketsa kapena mawonekedwe oyenera - makamaka, komanso onse.
Mbiri yakale
Mutu waukulu, nsagwada yamphamvu yokhala ndi kuluma idapangitsa kuti galuyo igwire bwino, mphuno yolimba idalola galu kupumira pomwe imapachikika nyamayo, mmbali mwa chikwanje magazi a ng'ombeyo amatsikira kumapeto osadzaza maso ake - mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a mabulogu anali ogonjera kopambana kunkhondo. Kubera anthu ng'ombe zamphongo nthawi yayitali inali njira yachikhalidwe ku England mpaka kukhazikitsidwa lamulo mu 1835 loletsa kupezeka kwamwazi. Ndipo bulldogs idakhala yopanda ntchito - sizinali zopanda pake kusamalira ndi kuphunzitsa agalu akuluakulu, chifukwa amasiya kupanga ndalama. Ena mwa a bulldogs adatumizidwa kumadera aku Britain, komwe lamulo loletsa kupha anthu osakhudzana ndi nkhonya silinali lalikulu kwambiri, adayamba chidwi ndi United States, komwe agalu ambiri adatengedwa, ndipo m'gawo la England bulldogs lidayamba kusokera.
Mwamwayi, okonda ndi osangalatsa angapo adakhala ndi cholinga chosungira chuma chamtunduwu, koma chifukwa cha izi adayenera "kuwongolera" agaluwo - kuchokera ku nkhondo yolimbirana mwamphamvu kwa a bulldogs adasanduka "bwenzi la njonda yeniyeni." Abusa adakulitsa kukoma mtima ndi chipiriro mu English Bulldog, ena phlegm, kwinaku akukhalabe olimba mtima komanso ofunitsitsa kuteteza eni ake. Chifukwa chosankhidwa, abulogu adataya mikhalidwe yawo yoyambilira yomenya ndi agalu, ndikusintha kukhala mtundu wokongoletsa womwe ukumveka bwino m'mizinda. Bulldogs ya Chingerezi imatha kutchedwa kuti zaluso, cholengedwa chomwe ulemu umaphatikizidwa ndi kudzidalira komanso kukoma mtima. Mu 1864, Bulldog Club yoyamba idapangidwa ku England, yomwe idapanga zikhalidwe za mtundu wamakono wa bulldogs aku England. Ndi kusintha kwina, adalandiridwa ndi International Cynological Federation. Ku Russia, bulldogs yoyamba idawonekera Mapeto a Okutobala, adagwiritsidwa ntchito kusaka kapena ngati agalu anzawo. Koma pofika m'ma 1920s kunalibe ma bulldogs m'dziko la Soviet - amadziwika kuti ndi agalu ogonera. Anayamba kutumizidwanso kunja kokha m'ma 80s, ndipo mu 2000s, mafashoni a bulldogs adafika pachimake.Makampani akuwerengedwa aku Russia amagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri yoswana, ma bulldogs athu nthawi zambiri amapeza mphoto kumawonetsero apadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo ana agalu aku Russia omwe amakonda kubereka ndi otchuka padziko lonse lapansi.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Chingerezi cha Bulldog ndi galu wambiri, wamphamvu komanso wophatikizana wamfupi. Mutu ndi wokulirapo, koma wolingana ndi thupi, wofanana - mutu wowongoka pafupifupi wofanana ndi kukula kwa galu. Khosi ndi lamphamvu, lolimba, lolimba, mzere wa scruff umapindika modabwitsa. Phokoso ndilotakata, lalifupi, ladzuka. Nsagwada ndizazikulu kwambiri, lonse, nsagwada yam'munsi imakulitsidwa kwambiri ndikuluma. Malemu anali osawoneka bwino, onyansa, okuta nsagwada ya pansi mbali zonse ziwiri. Mphuno ili ndi mbali zazikulu, zazing'ono, zakuda, mphuno zazikulu. Maso ali ang'ono, ali otakata komanso otsika - patali kwambiri kuchokera m'makutu, khungu la maso liyenera kukhala lakuda bii. Misozi imakhala yotalikirana, yaying'ono, yopyapyala, yopindika. Imafota m'munsi kumbuyo. Kumbuyo ndikwamphamvu, kotakata pachifuwa ndikukoka kwa pelvis, yokongoletsedwa ndi gudumu. Chifuwa ndi chachikulu kwambiri, champhamvu, chili ndi nthiti zozungulira, chotsitsidwa kutsogolo pansi pamiyala. Zipatso zakutsogolo zokhala ndi chigoba champhamvu ndizoluka kwambiri, zamphamvu kwambiri, zowongoka, zazifupi kuposa miyendo yakumbuyo, miyendo yakutsogolo imakhazikika, pang'ono kutembenukira kunja ndi zala zakuda.
Miyendo yakumbuyo imakwezeka pang'ono kuposa kutsogolo, mwamphamvu, mwamphamvu, mafupa a hock amabwera palimodzi. Mchirawo ndi waufupi, wowongoka kapena wowongoka, wopopera chakumapeto, uyenera kukhala wotsika. Mutu ndi kupukutira m'mizere yozama, kuyambira pachigwa chapansi mpaka pachifuwa, makatani awiri oyimitsidwa amapanga kuyimitsidwa. Chovala ndichachifupi, chowongoka, cholimba-chofewa, chofewa kukhudza. Mtundu wa bulldogs wa Chingerezi ukhoza kukhala wamitundu itatu: monochromatic - ofiira, owoneka bwino, oyera kapena otuwa, achikasu - amtundu kapena ofiira ndi oyera, mavuto - mtundu wa monophonic wokhala ndi nkhope yakuda kapena chophimba chakuda.
Mitundu ya kubadwa
Oimira mitundu ina, mwachitsanzo, American Akita kapena Alaskan Malamute, akufunitsitsa ufulu. Amakonda kuyenda, mwachisangalalo. Koma izi sizinganenedwe za English Bulldog. Agaluwa ndi enieni panyumba. Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri mnyumbamo ndi sofa wamkulu, pomwe amangoyang'anitsitsa ndipo amatha kugona pafupifupi tsiku lonse. Maulendo ataliatali, makamaka ataliatali, nawonso sakhala mu kukoma kwake. "Abambo athu" ali bwino kwambiri pafupi ndi nyumbayo.
Mbali inanso ya mtunduwu ndi kuuma mtima kwanyengo. Ngati bulldog Wachingerezi safuna kuchita kanthu, ndiye kuti mudzatulutsa mawu ena pomwe mukukakamiza. Nthawi zina, zimayamba kuwoneka kuti mitsempha siyingathe kuyimitsa, koma ndizosatheka kukwiya ndi chiweto chanu, chomwe chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe oseketsa kwambiri. Osatengera izi, zimakupangitsani kumwetulira mosaganizira ngakhale zitakhala zochepa motani.
English Bulldog ikhala bwenzi lenileni kwa achibale. Kuyanjana ndi ana kumakhazikika mwa iye mwamphamvu ndipo mogwirizana ndi iwo amakhala ndi zabwino. Mwa zoperewera, ndikufuna kufotokozeranso mfundo yoti agalu amtunduwu amakonda kutulutsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza nyumba zomwe zimapezeka. Mukapanda kumamupatsa zoseweretsa zotafuna, chiweto chiwononga katundu wanu powononga miyendo ya sofa, mipando, matebulo ndi mano.
Chizindikiro china cha amtunduwu ndikuti anthu amtundu wa British Isles samalola kutentha. Pazifukwa izi, ndikukhala kumalo otentha, bulldog yachingerezi si chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Komatu ndiyabwino kumzindawo, chifukwa sikutanthauza masewera olimbitsa thupi osalekeza. Zowona, eni ake ambiri otere amasokonezedwa ndi kupendekeka ndi fungo la galu. Izi zimatha kukhala vuto m'matauni, chifukwa musanagule mwana wa ng'ombe wa Chingerezi, dziyang'anireni nokha ngati mungathe kukhala naye limodzi, mutapatsidwa mawonekedwe amtunduwu.
Maonekedwe a Chingerezi Bulldog
Chichewa Bulldogs ndiamene ali ndi mutu waukulu komanso zazing'ono zazing'ono. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe otere omwe amalepheretsa ana kuti adutse pamalopo nthawi zambiri, nthumwi za mtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimabereka mothandizidwa ndi veterinarian yemwe akuchita gawo la cesarean. Kuphatikiza apo, bulldog ya Chingerezi ndi ya agalu a brachycephalic, mawonekedwe osiyanitsa omwe ali mphuno ndi mutu wopsinjika.
"Chingerezi" choseketsa ichi chimadziwikanso ndi chikhalidwe chosakhala chaulemu. Popeza amapuma ndi pakamwa pawo potseguka, amameza mpweya wambiri nthawi imodzi, zomwe, zimapangitsa kuti anthu azisangalala. Eni ake ayenera kuzolowera, kapena kungokhala ndi mpweya wowonjezera nawo.
Chitetezo ndikusamalira machitidwe
M'dziko lachi Ngerezi Bulldog ankadziwika kuti galu wamnyamata. Mbiri iyi ndiyoyenera, chifukwa ndizovuta kupeza chidwi ndi chisamaliro cha nyamayo kwa mwana. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimachitika mu mtundu wa English Bulldog ndi kulekerera kwake ngakhale kupweteka kwambiri.
Mwa maubwino ake amatha kutchedwa kusinthasintha m'malo ang'onoang'ono, sikutanthauza kuyenda kwakutali. Izi zimapangitsa galu wamtunduwu kukhala chiweto choyenera banja lililonse. Galu wamphamvu uyu, ngakhale si wamkulu kwambiri amatha kubweretsa chisoni kwa munthu aliyense.
Kufotokozera Kwambiri
Chingerezi Bulldog ndi galu wamkati. Amakhala ndi tsitsi lowoneka bwino. Mutu ndiwokulira, waukulu, kutulutsa kwake ndi kofanana ndi kutalika kwa galu kufota. Chizindikiro cha bulldogs ndi chida chachifupi komanso chachikulu chokhala ndi mphuno yayikulu ndi yayikulu.
Kukula kumafota kumadalira jenda. Mwa amuna ndi a masentimita 36-41, mwa akazi - 30-36 masentimita. Amuna ndi ochulukirapo komanso wolemera, ndi 20-25 kg. Mabatani akulemera 16-16 kg.
Chingerezi cha Bulldog sichimangogwira ntchito za mlonda, komanso chitetezo cha mthupi, mnzake wokondwa komanso mnzake wodalirika. Khalidwe la galu ndilokonda kwambiri, koma chifukwa cha mawonekedwe owopsa, amatha kubwezeretsa galu wolondera: bulldog amawopseza alendo osayembekezereka omwe amasangalala ndi katundu wa munthu wina.
Mbiri yakubadwa
Kwawo kwa English Bulldogs ndi Great Britain. Nkhani ya agalu odabwitsawa ndi achilendo kwambiri, yosangalatsa komanso yodzaza ndi zambiri zamagazi. Poyamba, bulldog imamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi kuti "galu wa ng'ombe". Ndizosadabwitsa, chifukwa makolo akale a oimira amakono a mtunduwu adagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati agalu akudya. Amakhulupirira kuti adachokera kwa Alans ndi Mastiffs. Kusawopa kwa nyama izi kunali nthano chabe.
Kuyang'ana zithunzi za bulldog wamakono komanso wakale wa Chingerezi, mosakayikira tidzapeza zambiri zofanana pakuwoneka kwawo. Ponena za chikhalidwe cha abale awa, ndizofanana pang'ono, palibe chilichonse. Atsogoleri akale a English bulldog anali okalipa kwambiri komanso ankhanza. Kutha kubala zopweteka zosalephera, zibwano zamphamvu zopindika, minofu yachitsulo idalola ma bulldogs achi Ngerezi kukhala otenga nawo mbali mfuti zosiyanasiyana.
Akuluakulu akale, pofuna kusangalatsa anthu, adatenga nawo gawo kuzunza ng'ombe. Ndipo eni agalu amtunduwu, atasanthula mphamvu zopanda malire za omenyera mwaiwo, adayamba kuwamenya pakulimbana ndi mikango ndi zimbalangondo. Ndalama zambiri zimapezeka pamagazi a nyama, osati owononga ndi ng'ombe zokha omwe adamwalira. Pansi pa ziboda, zikhadabo, agalu amphongo adamwalira ndi maanga ndi nyanga. Kalelo, agalu amphongo anali ofunika kulemera kwawo ndi golide ndipo anali pachiwonetsero cha kutchuka.
Kutchuka kwa bulldogs kwatsika kuyambira 1835. Apa ndipamene United Kingdom idayambitsa chiletso cha ng'ombe zamphongo. Pofuna kuti asakhumudwitse okonda zinthu zowonerera m'magazi, okonzekerawo anayamba kumenya ndewu. Polimbana ndi mitundu ina, a bulldogs adadziwika kuti anali munthu wokhetsa magazi kwambiri komanso wosagonjetseka. Koma kuletsa izi kunaletsedwa. Zikuwoneka kuti tsopano a Bulldogs aku England amayembekezera kunyongedwa, zinali zosatheka kupeza mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mtima wawo woipa, wankhanza.
Poyesera kuti abereke ana ambiri, eni English bulldogs adaloleza ziweto zawo kuwoloka ndi mitundu ina ya agalu. Zotsatira zake, panali agalu amphongo ochepa okha opanda ng'ombe kotero kuti mtunduwo unali utatsala pang'ono kutha.
Kuyambira mu 1858, anthu osilira a Old English Bulldogs abwera osati kungobwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa anthu, komanso kuwongolera chikhalidwe cha nyama izi. Zowonadi, kuti tiwapezere malo m'dziko lamtendere lamakono, kunali kofunikira kuwakhazikitsa mkwiyo wawo ndi mkwiyo wawo. Ntchito ya obereketsa zinthu inkayenda bwino. Oyambitsa ma bulldogs amakono achingerezi ndi omwe akuyimira mitundu yonseyi.
Kale mu 1860, bulldogs achingelezi adawonetsedwa pa chiwonetsero ku Birmingham, chomwe chimatha kutchedwa agalu okongoletsa, osalimbana nawo. Chaka cha 1873 chinali chizindikiritso chovomerezeka cha mtundu watsopano wokongoletsa wachingelezi. Kuyambira 1880, nthumwi zamtunduwu zidayamba kupambana chisomo cha obereketsa agalu padziko lonse lapansi. Tsopano bulldog ya Chingerezi ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka komanso yodula. M'miyoyo yawo simamenya nkhondo zopopa, pali chisamaliro ndi chikondi cha eni.
Mutu
Mutu, kuyerekeza ndi kukula kwa galu wonse, ndi wamkulu kwambiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo, saphwanya lingaliro wamba, chifukwa chake bulldog Yachingerezi siziwoneka yolakwika, apo ayi mayendedwe ake akhoza kuwonongeka. Chizindikiro chake ndichopanda komanso chosalala, chimasiyanitsidwa ndi kupindika.
Mphumi za bulldog ndi lathyathyathya, pamwamba pa muzzlewo umatulutsa komanso osapindika. Pali zikwangwani zotchulidwa pamphumi ndi khungu kuzungulira mutu. Poyambira akuwoneka kuchokera pomwe aimira pamwamba pa chigaza - ndiwakuwonekera bwino komanso mwakuya.
Mafupa apatsogola omwe amapezeka ndikuwonekera ndikuwonekera. Amasiyanitsidwanso ndi kutalika, kutalika ndi mawonekedwe.
English Bulldog ili ndi njira yayikulu komanso yayikulu kwambiri yopanga lalikulu. Nsagwada ya m'munsi, mosiyana ndi kumtunda, imatuluka ndipo imapindika m'mwamba. Nsagwada imakhala ndi zofunikira zisanu ndi imodzi zopezeka pakati pa zigawo pamzere wowongoka. Omwe ali ndi makonzedwe ochulukirapo.
Oimira mtunduwo ali ndi mano akulu komanso amphamvu, omwe, ngati pakamwa atatsekedwa, abisidwa kwathunthu pakamwa. Ngati mungayang'ane kutsogolo, mutha kuwona kuti malo a nsagwada yam'munsi ikufanana ndi kumtunda - amapezeka pansi pake.
Wodziwika bwino
Chichewa Bulldog ndi mtundu wapakatikati. Kulemera Kwakukulu 23-25 kg. ndi kukula 35-40 cm. Amuna ndi amphamvu kwambiri, ndi okulirapo komanso olemera kuposa zingwe.
Mutu waukulu, wotambalala wakhazikika kukhosi lalifupi, lolimba. Kununkhira kokongola kumadziwika, pamakhala khola pakhungu. Makosi anu ndi owongoka sikovomerezeka. Makutu ocheperako, ochepa amakulira pang'ono. Ndiwosanjikizika mawonekedwe, nsongazo ndizung'ono. Kutsogolo ndi makwinya ambiri. Maso ali amdima, osati akulu kwambiri, ozungulira mawonekedwe. Mbali yodziwika bwino ya bulldog ndi mawonekedwe osasangalatsa, koopsa kwa chizungulire, monga m'misasa. Zonse chifukwa chakuti makutu amkhungu amapachika pazomenyera.
Chizindikiro sichinafupike, chomwe chili ndi khosi. Pali makwinya akuzama pankhope ponse. Nsagwada zamphamvu, lalikulu. Kuluma kwa Bulldog, kusintha ndikusiya.
Imafota ndi makulidwe akhungu. Kumbuyo kuli kochepa, kwamtundu. Kuchuluka komanso kufewa kwa msana sikuvomerezeka ndi muyezo. Mphepo yozungulira, yopanda minyewa. Chifuwa ndichachikulu. Mimba imakhazikika pang'ono. Miyendo ndi yowongoka, yofanana, osati yayitali kwambiri. Mapewa ndi mchiuno ndi minofu. Miyendo yayitali, yopanda mphamvu ndi yosavomerezeka ndi muyezo. Mawamba ndi ozungulira, osati akulu kwambiri.
Mchira umayenda chimodzimodzi kumapeto. Chidule, mawonekedwe a cylindrical, kutalika kwake sikuyenera kupitirira 8 cm.
Chovalacho ndi chofewa, chachifupi komanso chonyezimira. Palibe undercoat yomwe ilipo. Chovala chachitali, cholimba komanso cha lavy sicholandiridwa ndi muyezo. Utoto umaloledwa. Ma bulldogs achingerezi ofala kwambiri okhala ndi chigoba chakuda. Agalu amtundu womwewo wa mtundu uwu wokhala ndi malo pachifuwa saloledwa.
Koyamba, bulldog ya ku England ndi yovuta, yaulesi komanso yopusa.M'malo mwake, galu uyu amafunika kuyenda kwakutali, masewera olimbitsa thupi, yekha ndi amene ayenera kuphunzitsa chiweto kuzinthu zonsezi. English Bulldog ndi yaulesi kwenikweni. Mukapanda kumukhumudwitsa kuti azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse, amayamba kunenepa kwambiri.
Kuyenda ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pansi pa dzuwa lowala sikulimbikitsidwa, popeza nthumwi za mtundu wamtunduwu sizitha kulolera kutentha ndipo zimatha kuvutika kwambiri nazo. Sitikulimbikitsidwanso kuti muziyenda ndi agalu awa nthawi yozizira, yamvula, yozizira.
Tsitsi lalifupi lopanda undercoat silingateteze galu ku kuzizira, chifukwa chake mukayenda mumvula ndi chisanu kumatha kubweretsa kuzizira kapena mavuto ena azaumoyo. Kuphatikiza apo, mtunduwu umakhala ndi mawonekedwe a chigaza, pomwe sitiroko la kutentha limachitika mwachangu kwambiri.
Achiwewe aulesi amakonda kutonthozedwa, chifukwa chake nthawi zonse amayesa kugona pa kama wa ambuye. Mukamulola kuti mugone, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kutulutsa chiweto chanu pamenepo. Musanagule ana agalu, muthandizireni ndi ngodya yokhala ndi kama wabwino. Palibe chifukwa choti izikhala pafupi ndi zida zamagetsi ndi panjira yodutsa. Kuphatikiza pa malo opumulirako, chiweto chizikhala ndi malo odyetseramo ndi mbale zoyera.
Popeza tathetsa mavutowo ndi malo odyetserako malo ndi malo opumira, ndikofunikira kusamalira njira zovomerezeka zaukhondo, popanda zomwe thanzi la galu lingakhale pachiwopsezo. Otsatirawa ndi mndandanda wa njira zoyenera za English Bulldogs:
- Katatu pa sabata kuphatikiza chiwetocho ndi burashi yolimba.
- Kusamba kosasamba pafupipafupi, njira zowonjezera zamadzi zambiri zimatha kuyambitsa kusweka ndi kutupa, limodzi ndi kuyabwa kwambiri.
- Ndi kuipitsidwa pang'ono, mutha kupukuta ubweya ndi nsalu yonyowa.
- Kupukuta mano anu pafupipafupi.
- Zovunda zimadulidwa zikamakula.
- Pukutani, yeretsani ndikuyang'ana makutu anu ndi maso anu masiku onse a 7-10 kuti pasapezeke zotupa, kuvulala ndi kudzikundika kwamakutu kwambiri, khutu ndi maso.
- Makatani a pakhungu amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Munthawi imeneyi, pukutani khungu pakhungu lonyowa posachedwa, ndiye lowuma.
Akuluakulu amadyetsedwa kawiri patsiku. Kuledzera sikuvomerezeka. Pazakudya sizipezeka zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kuphulika (nyemba, nandolo ...), nyama zosuta, maswiti.
Maso
Malo omwe maso ali pa chigaza ndi ochepa, kutali ndi makutu. Ali pamzere womwewo ndi kuyimilira ndipo akupezeka kumanja angalo kwa mzere.
Maonekedwe a maso ndi ochulukirapo, koma ngodya zakunja zimapezeka mkati mwa mzere wa masaya. Mawonekedwe awo ndi ozungulira, kukula ndi kwapakatikati. Samira m'mphepete mwa msewu, koma osati otumbululuka. Mtundu wamaso ndi wakuda kwambiri, pafupifupi wakuda. Akaziwona kuchokera kutsogolo, samazindikira mapuloteni amawoneka.
Makutu a bulldog Wachingerezi ndi aatali. Ikawonedwa kuchokera kutsogolo, khutu lirilonse lomwe lili ndi m'mphepete mwake limakhudza ngodya yapamwamba ya chigaza, yomwe ndi mzere wake wakunja. Chifukwa chake, makutu amayikidwa kumtunda komanso kutali ndi maso.
Mawonekedwe a makutu ndi otchedwa rose: amapindika ndi kuyang'ana kumbuyo, ndiye kuti kumbuyo. Mbali yakutsogolo kapena yapamwamba imapindika kumbuyo ndi kunja. Chifukwa cha izi, chomwe chimatchedwa kuti lilime chimawoneka pang'ono.
Zaumoyo
Mbali yofooka ya bulldog yachingerezi ndi thanzi. Mndandanda wamatenda omwe agalu awa amakonzedweratu ndi wautali kwambiri. Ili ndi matenda obadwa nawo komanso omwe amatenga. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndi kudyetsa, bulldogs amatha kukhala ndi zaka 9-10.
Eni ake a bulldogs achingerezi amakhala ovuta kwambiri pakukula kwawo ndikupanga mafupa awo, chamoyo chonse. Zonse chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilendo agalu. Kupuma kwapang'onopang'ono, kosalala kumayambitsa kugona tulo, pamavuto a mtima ndi mtima, bulldogs silingalekerere kuyendetsa thupi kwakukulu. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mavuto ndi masculoskeletal system.
Kwa eni nzeru za Chichewa cha bulldogs, timapereka mndandanda wamatenda omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri mwa oimira mtunduwu:
- Kunenepa kwambiri - Bulldogs imakhala ndi metabolism yochepa komanso mafupa ofooka. Chifukwa cha izi, kunenepa kwambiri ndizowopsa kwa iwo.
- Ziwengo - choyambirira chofunikira kuti agalu azikayikiridwa ndi omwe amaganiza kuti ndi omwe sayanjana nawo ndi kukhazikitsa chomwe chimayambitsa matenda. Chotsatira ndi kuchotsa. Ponena za bulldogs yaku Chingerezi, izi zimatha kukhala mungu kuchokera kuzomera, zakudya, zitsamba, kapena mbewu zina. Ngati nkosatheka kusiyanitsa nyamayo ndi gwero lokhala ndi chifuwa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe akufotokozerani.
- Matenda amaso - entropion, diso la chitumbuwa, cataract, keratoconjunctivitis pakalibe chithandizo ndikuchita opaleshoni, galu atha kuwona.
- Distichiasis - matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchulukana kwamamaso m'mphepete mwa matope.
- Kutentha kwamphamvu.
- Hypothyroidism - Matenda ofala kwambiri mu agalu.
- Osamva - pakhoza kukhala kugontha komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kutupa kwa khutu, zotupa, kuvulala, poyizoni, etc. Komanso, English Bulldogs imakonda kukhala ndi vuto logontha.
- Dermatitis dermal lokoma - zimachitika chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa ndi mchira wawo wopindika pakhungu la preanal dera, komanso maceration.
- Kubadwa kovuta -Nthawi zambiri, ndikofunikira kuyika gawo la cesarean.
- Lymphosarcoma - Ichi ndi chotupa choyipa, mawonekedwe ake omwe ali ma cell a lymphoid mndandanda, wodziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa ma lymph node.
- Matenda a mtima.
- Demodecosis - matenda a parasitic. Amayambitsa ndi ma microscopic nthata zomwe zimadya pakhungu ndi zotayirira zotayidwa.
- Dysplasia - kuwonongeka kwa mafupa, limodzi ndi lameness, kupweteka kwambiri komanso, pakapanda chithandizo, kufooka.
Mosakayikira, galuyo ayenera kunyamula katemera panthawi yake. Muyeneranso kuwonetsera chiweto kwa a veterinarian pazoyeserera ndikuyesa x-ray kuti muwone dysplasia yolumikizana.
Mphuno ndi milomo
Mphuno ya English Bulldog ndiyachikulupo; Khola lamkati silikhudza mzere wa mbiri. Mtundu wake ndi wakuda, palibe zokongoletsa za bulauni, chiwindi kapena zofiira. Mphuno imakhalanso ndi zofanana. Kuphatikiza apo, ali otseguka, ndipo poyambira yimaima pakati pawo.
Milomo yake ndi yotakata komanso yolimba ndipo nthawi yomweyo imakhala yozama kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mtundu waposachedwa, atseka taya kuchokera kumphepete. Koma izi sizichitika kutsogolo: apa milomo imangophimba mano.
English Bulldog idapeza khosi lalitali, lamphamvu, lolimba komanso lakuda. Ili ndi mawonekedwe ocheperako pang'ono. Pakhosi papo pali khungu lakuda, lotayirira komanso lopindidwa, kupanga chibwano chachiwiri (chachifuwa), chomwe chimayambira pachiwono mpaka pachifuwa.
Muyezo wa mtundu umafunikira kuti khosi ikhale yogwirizana kutalika kwake ndi kukula kwa mutu ndi galu. Ngati khosi limakhala lalifupi, izi zitha kuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa zovuta zopumira mu nyama, osanenapo kanthu kuti kutalika kosakwanira sikukhudza kuwonekera kwa English bulldog mwanjira yabwino.
Khalidwe
Woyankhula wachingelezi wodziwika bwino komanso wanzeru pamanja ndiye mnzake woyenera aliyense pabanja. Galu lotero lomwe lili ndi moyo wake wonse limaphatikizika kwa onse akuluakulu ndi ana. Ngati chiweto cha mtundu womwe watchulidwa chikuchotsedwa pabanja, azunzika kwambiri ndikupirira zovuta kudzipatula. Chifukwa chake, sikulimbikitsidwa kwanthawi yayitali kusiya ma English bulldogs kapena kupatsa achikulire ku banja lina.
Bulldogs amakhala bwino ndi ana, amasangalala kusewera nawo ndikupirira ma prank awo. Munthu wokoma mtima ngati uyu sadzakhumudwitsa mwana. Zowonjezera zokha zokhudzana ndi ubale pakati pa ana ndi English bulldogs ndikuti galu wotere safuna kuthamanga, kudumpha komanso kuchita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali.Mphamvu zawo ndizochepa ndipo pamene ana akufuna kusangalala, galu amafuna kupita pakama lake ndikumapuma.
Bulldog ndi mnzake wamkulu osati anthu okha, komanso ziweto. Galu amapeza chilankhulo wamba ndi amphaka ndi agalu, ndikukhazikitsa ubale wabwino nawo. Bulldogs alibe nkhanza zopanda pake, amuna okha osasankhidwa ndi omwe amatha kuwonetsa mkwiyo, komanso nthawi zina.
Nyumba
Mzere wapamwamba, ukawonedwa pambuyo pofota, umasiyidwa pang'ono pansi. Kenako imakwera kumunsi, ndikukhala mulingo wokwezeka kuposa kukula kwa galu kufota, ndipo, kupindika, kumachepa mchira. Chifukwa cha "zovuta" zotere za mzere wapamwamba, chipilala chimapangidwa ndi sitima, yomwe ndi imodzi mwamakhadi omwe amabwera.
Kumbuyo kwa "njonda" yathu ndiyifupi, kumasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu. M'mapewa a English Bulldog ndiwotakata. Pang'ono pang'ono m'munsi kumbuyo.
Chifuwa cha omwe akuyimira mtunduwu ndi chachikulu komanso chakuya.
Mimba ya galu ndi thukuta, silichita.
Maphunziro ndi maphunziro
Ma bulldog a Chingerezi si agalu olondera, ndiwokongoletsa ndi maphunziro apadera omwe safuna. Koma palibe galu m'modzi yemwe angachite popanda maphunziro ndi maphunziro.
Ndikofunikira kuti galu akaphunzitsidwe izi:
- Palibe galu amene angachite popanda kolala komanso thukuta. Kuyambira miyezi yoyamba ya moyo, mwana wa galu amaphunzitsidwa zonse kolala ndi leash. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kubowola kwakanthawi sikovomerezeka. Galu adzatulukira ndikuchita mantha ndi zoletsa za ufulu.
- Gulu "Lapafupi" ndilofunikanso. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, chiweto chimayenera kutsatira lamulo ili ndikubwerera kwa mwini wake poyambilira.
- "Kukhala", "kunama", "kusaloledwa" ndi malamulo osavuta kwambiri omwe amafunikira galu aliyense.
Panthawi yophunzirira, yesani kuzolowera bulldog masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amafunikira kusuntha kwanyama. Izi, zowonadi, zidzamupindulitsa.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mtundu
English Bulldog ndi yoyenera pafupifupi aliyense. Koma ndikofunikira kulingalira kubangula ndi kufuula kwa agalu awa. Komanso samakonda kuyenda maulendo ataliatali, amakonda kugona pansi ndi kugona. M'mawu ochepa, musanagule ana agalu amtunduwu, samalirani mosamala zabwino ndi zowopsa:
Nyali
English Bulldog ili ndi kutsogolo kwakukulu, kolimba komanso kolimba. Amakhala ndi mafuta, ali ndi minofu yolukidwa bwino, ndipo ali ndi gawo lalikulu.
Chingwe chakunja cha miyendo chimawoneka kuti chapindika, koma mafupa awo ndi owongoka: palibe kupindika kapena kupindika. Poyerekeza ndi miyendo yakumbuyo, ndiyifupi, koma osachulukanso kwambiri kotero kuti galuyo ndiwotalikirapo kuposa momwe aliri, kapena kuti akhoza kusokoneza zochitika zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Mapewa ake ndi onse, amasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu, amakula minofu. Koma amathanso kufotokozedwa ngati zakuya, zotsika komanso zotsika. Zolocha ndizochepa komanso zoloweka kuyambira nthiti. Metacarpus imatha kufotokozedwa bwino kwambiri: mwamphamvu, molunjika komanso mwachidule.
Zazikulu ndi minyewa ndi miyendo kumbuyo kwa bulldogs. Popeza ndizitali kuposa zapambuyo, chifukwa cha izi, zotsatira zakukweza m'mbuyo kwa galu zimatheka. Gawo lakumunsi la miyendo yakumbuyo lili ndi machitidwe awa: ndilowongoka, lalifupi komanso lamphamvu. Mawondo ozungulira amakhala ndi kupendekera pang'ono kutali ndi thupi la galu. Magawo a hock ndi otsika ndipo amakhala ndi kupindika pang'ono, ngodya zimakhala zochepa.
Miyendo yonse yakutsogolo ndi yakumbuyo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe akunja kwa mtunduwo. Kusiyana kwake ndikuti zakale zimakhala zazing'onoting'ono, zowongoka komanso zopota pang'ono, pomwe zomalizazo zimakhala zowongoka, zozungulira. Zala zakumiyendo zam'mbuyo ndizokhazikika, zopindika, chifukwa chomwe mafupa ake amakwezedwa ndipo, potero, zimatuluka pang'onopang'ono.
Bulldog ya Chingerezi imasiyanitsidwa ndi chodabwitsa, wina amatha kunena kuti, kuyenda komwe sikuli kwachilendo kwa agalu.Amayenda mwachidule, mwachidule, mwachangu. Nthawi yomweyo, miyendo yakumbuyo sakwezeka, chifukwa "njonda" yathu imagwedezeka pang'ono. Mitundu yoyendera imangoganiza kuti khalidwe komanso chidaliro pakuyenda ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Mtundu
Ovuta mu monotony, oyera komanso owala. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapezeka mu mtundu wa Chingerezi wa Bulldog, koma makonda amayenera kuperekedwa kwa red-tiger ndi mitundu ina yonse ya akambuku, oyera, ofiira, agwape, piebald - ndi mndandanda wotsatira.
Ngati mungasankhe pa piebald wabwino, wamafuta-amiyala kapena yolimba, ndiye kuti piebald yabwino ndiyabwino.
Mtundu wakuda umawonedwa kuti ndi woipa ndipo umangololedwa mu utoto wowala mwanjira yamawonekedwe pang'ono. Kuti mtundu womwe munaonere suwoneka kuti ndi woperewera, utoto uyenera kukhala ndi magawidwe ang'onoang'ono.
Ngati chiweto chanu chili ndi tsamba loyera pachifuwa chake, izi ndizovomerezeka, koma mwa mitundu iwiri: mitundu yosavuta ndi tiger.
Kuletsa Zolakwika
Ngati bulldog Wachingerezi ndi wankhanza kapena wamanyazi kwambiri, ngati ali ndi kupuma koyenera kapena mchira woloza, ndiye kuti zopunduka ngati izi ndizosayenerera.
Agalu aliwonse omwe akuwonetsa zonyansa kapena kuzindikira kupatuka mu psyche ayenera kukhala osayenerera.
Chidziwitso: Amuna amayenera kukhala ndi ma testes ochuluka monga zidutswa ziwiri, ndikutsitsidwa kwathunthu ku scrotum.
Kusankha mwana wa Chichewa wa Bulldog
Ponena za zoyambira pamalopo, zotsatirazi ziyenera kudziwika: Pakati pa obereketsa odziwa ntchito pali maula: omwe mwana wa galu woyambira kukhala woyamba kubwera ndi mwini wabwera, izi ziyenera kugulidwa, popeza galuyo adakusankhirani nokha. Mu chikwangwani ichi, kuphatikiza pa malingaliro osiyanasiyana pa cholinga ndi kulumikizana mwakuya kwakuya, pali lingaliro lambiri kuposa momwe likuwonekera: mwana wakhama kwambiri, wamphamvu komanso wachidziwitso adzakondwera ndi woyamba. Ngati eni ake ali ndi awiriwo, "yemweyo" adzakuthamangirani. Komabe, musapitirire mopambanitsa, mudzakhala pafupi ndi galu wokhala ndi chidwi ndi anthu osafuna chidwi. Ndipo zomwe sizikuyenera kuchitika, ndikusankha nyama yoletsedwa bwino, mwina ichi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda.
Kuti mupeze mwana wakhansa wa Chichewa wa Bulldog wathanzi, yang'anani mosamala amayi ake a mwanayo ndi momwe akukonzera. Mayi wofooka sangakhale ndi ana agalu athanzi, ndipo zomata zonyansa ndi mbale zodzinenera kuti galuyo ali ndi mwayi uliwonse wogwidwa ndi mphutsi ndi omwe amadya. Tsatirani chakudyacho: Ana agalu a bulldog ali ndi chidwi chabwino. Atatha kudya, amathawiranso kukasewera pranks kapena kukhazikika kugona tulo. Makanda athanzi amakhala ndi ubweya wofewa, owala ndi maso akuda owoneka bwino, kuluma koyenera komanso tummy. Makutu ndi oyera, osatulutsa, malaya amakhala oyera osati opanda banga.
Kutengera zaka za mwana, muyenera kudziwa ngati adalandira katemera, ndipo adathandizidwa ndi mphutsi ndi utitiri, ndipo zidatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchokera kwa eni makolo kuti ndi matenda ati omwe bambo ndi mayi wa bwenzi lanu lakubadwa anali nawo. Njira izi zikuthandizani kusankha molondola bwenzi lolimba kwa zaka zambiri.
Ponena za malamulo osankha mwana
- Osagula ana agalu mumsika, chifukwa agalu osasankhidwa samakhalako. Eni ake agalu ogulitsa sadzawagulitsanso konse m'misika, chifukwa pogulitsa kudzera m'magulu, poyamba, amalandila ndalama zochulukirapo, ndipo chachiwiri, pogulitsa ana agalu, eni ake amayang'anira tsogolo lake.
Zachidziwikire, ngati galuyo alibe chiyero kwathunthu, ndiye kuti izi sizitanthauza kuti angakhale mnzake komanso mnzake woyipa - zidzakhaladi ngati mumakonda ndikuzisamalira. Koma muyenera kuyiwala za ntchito yabwino.
Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugula mwana wa ana agalu okhaokha ku maofesi apaderadera, monganso ena aku America, mulibe ambiri, koma ndizosangalatsa, chifukwa mudzawononga nthawi yochulukirapo kuti mupeze mwana wakhanda, yemwe akuwonetsa cholinga chanu chachikulu pamaphunziro ake.
- muyenera kusankha mwana wa galu pamalo omwe adakhalako komanso momwe adakulira, popeza ndi okhawo amene azidzachita zokhazokha, zomwe zingakupatseni mwayi wodziwa zambiri, zomwe ndikukambirana pansipa.
- ana agalu alibe nkhawa zochulukirapo, monga lamulo, amadya, kugona, kusewera ndikufufuza zomwe zikuchitika padzikoli, ndipo izi ndizomwe tikhala nazo.
Mwana wa galu wathanzi, ngati sagona, amakhala wokalamba, wofunitsitsa kudziwa komanso wokonzeka kusewera ndi abale ndi alongo ake. Tengani mwana chigalu m'manja mwake, mumununkhize, mwana wakhanda wathanzi, yemwe amasungidwa nthawi zonse, amanunkhira, osati ngati chamomile, koma osati ndowe kapena mkodzo.
Chovala cha ana agalu athanzi chimakhala chonyezimira komanso chokhala pamwamba pa thupi, ndipo akakuwona, payenera kukhala chidwi chokhacho m'maso mwake, adzakununkhizani, amatha kulawa, kwakukulu, ayamba kukuyesani.
Ana agalu mu zinyalala akuyenera kukhala opangidwira, amaloledwa kukhala ndi mwana wamwamuna yemwe amangotsala pang'ono kukula ndi chitukuko, ngati kwa zinyalala zazikulu, pakhoza kukhala ana agalu awiriwa. Sindikukulimbikitsani kuti mutenge ana agalu ngati muli amateur, monga momwe ayenera kusamalidwira pakudya kwawo. Ana agalu siukwati konse, monga momwe zimawonekera kwa ambiri, ndiwofowoka kwambiri, ine mwanjira inayake ndidadzitengera mwana wamtundu wotere, mtundu wa Chingerezi wa Cocker Spaniel ndipo patatha chaka, titasonkhanitsa banja lonse, iye anali wamwamuna wokongola kwambiri mu zinyalala zonse, koma ndi ... kuti mumve zambiri.
- posankha mwana wa ana, tcherani khutu kwa makolo, zonse ndi zosavuta ndi amayi, koma simungathe kuwona abambo, chifukwa chake, pemphani makalata ake, makalata osonyeza kuti mphotho zomwe walandira ndi ziti. M'malemba, yang'anirani kuti makolo sakugwirizana kwenikweni, chifukwa izi sizabwino nthawi zonse.
Zachidziwikire, ambiri anganene kuti kuphatikiza zoweta zofananira nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza mitundu, koma kuwonjezera pakukhazikitsa zomwe mukufuna, chiwopsezo cha matenda obadwa nawo chimakulanso.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwawafunsa eni ake zamatenda omwe makolo amakumana nawo pafupipafupi, KOMA pano, monga lamulo, adzakunamizani, chifukwa ... .. ndani amene angakuuzeni kuti makolowo ndi opweteka. Koma ndikofunikira kutchulapo nthawi yomweyo kuti nazale zaulemu sizimalola kuswana kwa anthu omwe amapatsa ana odwala, chifukwa chake kugula galu ku nazale ndikuyenera kukupatsirani mwana wa thanzi.
Maphunziro ndi maphunziro a English Bulldog
Bulldogs ndi nyama zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo wakhama, chifukwa chake ziyenera kuyenda pafupipafupi, kwinaku zikuchita zolimbitsa thupi. Kunyalanyaza masewera kumapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo pambuyo pake kunenepa kwambiri. Koma simukufunika kulongedza galu mu kutentha kwa chilimwe komanso kuzizira kwa dzinja. Chovala chanyama sichinapangidwire kutentha pang'ono, ndipo nthawi yotentha - galu amalandila kutentha.
Chovala chanyama ndichosavuta kusamalira. Ndikofunikira kuphatikiza galu kangapo pa sabata ndi burashi yokhala ndi zitsamba zolimba.
Palibe chifukwa choti muyenera kuyiwala za makulidwe pankhope. Ukhondo wawo ndi chitsimikizo chathanzi la nyama. Zikakhala kuti dothi ladzikundana ndi izi, liyenera kuchotsedwa ndi nsalu yonyowa. Pambuyo pake, opaleshoni iyi ndiyofunikira kupukuta ma crease ndi nsalu yowuma.
Potere, zodzikongoletsera sizofunikira ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumayambitsa ziwengo. Kuphatikiza apo, ma crease amakhalabe onyowa.
Pokhala ndi bulldog, ndikofunikira ngati uve. Njira zoyendetsera madzi pafupipafupi zimathandizira kusenda khungu, zomwe zimayambitsa kuyamwa kosalekeza komanso kuda nyama. Ubweya wopanda fumbi umapukutidwa bwino ndi thaulo yonyowa.
Penyani zofunda zanu - ndibwino kuti muzidula nthawi.Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kutsuka mano a galu wanu pokhapokha ngati pali chiopsezo cha kupangika kwa masamu.
Kusankha Dzina la Ana Ophunzira Chingerezi cha Setter
Zili ndi inu kuti musankhe momwe mungayitchulire galu wanu, koma mkati mwa chipangizochi ndikulengeza mayina a oimira odziwika bwino a mtundu uwu, mwina mungafune ena a iwo.
Chifukwa chake, kwa anyamata, mayina otsatirawa ndioyenera: Nolik, Lucky, Shrek, Garfield, Bagel, Gene, Bow, Mchira, Pixel, Fight, Byte, Cupcake, Khan, Bwana.
Kwa atsikana: Charlotte, Chantal, Camellia, Lola, Delta, Dina, Eve, Zlata, Wicca, Sonya, Chara, Hera (posachedwa ndi duchess), Max.
Ngati mungaganize kuti dzina lina ndiloyenera kwambiri kwa agalu awa, ndiye kuti lembani ndemanga, ndikuwonjezera pamndandanda.
Kuphunzitsa English Bulldog ndikosavuta komanso kosangalatsa. Cholengedwachi chimakhala ndi malingaliro osangalatsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asamaiwale mawu a anthu 300. Koma nthawi yomweyo adapatsidwanso pang'ono, ndikuthandizira pang'ono. Pankhani imeneyi, maphunziro amafunika kudekha. Chifukwa cha kuuma kwake - patapita kanthawi galuyo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo onse omwe mwininyumbayo amafuna kuti amuphunzitse, chinthu chachikulu ndikuchita chidwi. Ngati angafune, ndizotheka kuphunzitsa galuyo osati malamulo wamba, komanso, mwachitsanzo, kuyeretsa mbale mutatha kudya m'malo mwake.
Kudyetsa bulldog wachingerezi
Ponena za kudyetsa moyenera, muyenera kuwerenga zolemba zokhudzana ndi kudyetsa agalu, ngati muli ndi mafunso, afunseni pagulu kapena ndemanga, ndikuyankhani. Ngati mungaganizire zodyetsa zama feed opangidwa ndi chakudya chokwanira, ndiye kuti ndikufotokozerani za omwe amapanga zakudya za galu.
Kupanga mndandanda wa English Bulldog sikophweka, chifukwa kapangidwe kake. Komabe, ndikofunikira "kuloza" mapuloteni, chifukwa lamulo lanyama lanyama izi ndiz kupewa kupewa kunenepa kwambiri. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kutsata zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri. Zakudya zouma ziyenera kusankhidwa potengera mawonekedwe a kupezeka kwa mapuloteni. Komabe, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chakudya chouma sichiloledwa kwa bulldogs.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nyama yokhala ngati yoyera kwambiri singapezeke pamenyu wa bulldog, makamaka ana agalu omwe, chifukwa cha izi, ali ndi mwayi uliwonse wotenga urolithiasis. Nyama iyenera kukhala pafupifupi 40% yazakudya zonse. Zakudya zazikulu pa menyu ndi msuzi, masamba, zipatso ndi chimanga.
Ana agalu amafunika kudyetsedwa zinthu zamkaka - kefir, tchizi chanyumba, yogati ndi mkaka wophika wothira ndizoyenera kwambiri kwa ana.
Sizoletsedwa kupereka nsomba ndi mitundu yonse ya tchizi. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kupewa chilichonse chowonjezera. Maphala oyenera ndi mpunga ndi buckwheat. Oatmeal ndi semolina ndizoletsedwa. Amaloledwa kuphatikiza mazira mumenyu, koma osapitirira 3 ma PC. pa sabata. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwonjezere mafuta a mpendadzuwa ku chakudya.
Mtengo wa ana agalu achingelezi chikhazikitsire kuyambira koyambirira kwa chaka cha 2017
Ponena za ana ku misika, komweko mungagule ana agalu mkati mwa madola 70-150 aku US, m'makalabu achichepere ndi obereketsa osavomerezeka mtengo ukwera mpaka $ 130-300 US
Ponena za ma kennels enieni, ndiye ana agalu ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri, kotero mtengo wa mwana wazaka ziwiri wazaka pafupifupi 300, nthawi zina akafika pamizere yapamwamba, mtengo umatha kufika madola 500-800 aku US.
Zolemba kuchokera ku English Bulldog wamba
Mawonedwe onse. Galu ndiwowonda komanso wamtali, wamphamvu, wamfupi, koma wotopa, wamkulu, wamphamvu komanso wopangika. Mutu ndi wokulirapo komanso waukulukulumikizana ndi thupi la galu. Mbali yakutsogolo ndiyifupi kwambiri, muzzle ndi wotalikirapo, wammbali komanso wopendekera pansi.
Thupi limakhala lalifupi, lamphamvu, lamiyendo yolimba komanso yolimba. Crump ndi wamtali komanso wamphamvu, koma wopepuka poyerekeza ndi kutsogolo kowlemera. Galu ayenera kuwonetsa chidwi, kulimba mtima komanso moyo.Pakugwirizana ndi malamulo ake, galuyo ali ndi mawonekedwe otetemera, olemetsa komanso olemetsa, galu akamayenda ndimayendedwe afupifupi komanso achangu pamiyeso ya zala zake (pachimake), ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo sizikwera pamwamba, ngati kuti akusambira pafupi kwambiri ndi nthaka, koma bulldog amathamanga mapewa patsogolo ngati kavalo.
Kulemera komanso kutalika kufota. Cholemera chomwe amuna amafuna ndi 24,5 makilogalamu, mwa akazi 22,5 kg. Kutalika kwa kufota kwa amuna ndi akazi ndi 3840 cm.
Mutu ndi chigaza. Chigoba chimakhala chachikulu ndipo kutulutsa kwake, komwe kumayesedwa kutsogolo kwa makutu, kuli kofanana kutalika kwa galu kufota. Ikawonedwa kuchokera kutsogolo, mutu umayenera kuoneka wamtali kwambiri, wotambalala komanso wammbali. Masheya amayenera kukhala opangika kwambiri ndipo pambali akuyenera kukulira pang'onopang'ono kuposa maso. Mbali ya mutu ndiyofunika kwambiri komanso yaifupi kwambiri. Mphumi ndi lathyathyathya, osati yowongoka ndipo sikapitilira masaya, khungu pamphumi ndi pamutu limakhala lonyowa komanso lonyowa. Zipilala zapamwamba ndizowoneka bwino, zokulirapo, kutalika ndi kutalika, ndikupanga mzere wakuya komanso wotakata pakati pa maso, kuchokera pa mphuno ya mphuno (kusintha kuchokera pamphumi mpaka mphumi) mpaka pamwamba pa cranium. Nkhope yochokera kutsogolo kwa masaya mpaka muzzle iyenera kukhala yofupikitsa komanso khungu pakhungu liyenera kukhala lokwinya komanso lokwinya. Phokoso laling'ono, lalifupi, lokweza komanso lozama kwambiri kuchokera pakona yamkati yamaso mpaka pakona pakamwa. Mphuno ndi yayikulu, yotakata ndipo nthawi zonse imakhala yakuda, mtundu wina ndiosavomerezeka, nsonga iyenera kuyatsidwa kwambiri ndi maso. Mtunda pakati pa ngodya yamkati mwa diso (kapena kuchokera pakati pa mphuno pakati pa maso) kupita m'mphepete mwa mphuno sayenera kupitilira kutalika kuchokera kumapeto kwa mphuno. Mphuno zake ndi zazikulu, zokulirapo komanso zakuda ndipo ndizowongoka zooneka bwino. Milomo yake ndi yachilengedwe, yonyowa, yotakata, yokhala ndi chakuya kwambiri, ndipo imapendekera kumbali, ndikuphimba nsagwada yakumbuyo, koma osati kutsogolo. Milomo yakutsogolo ili yolumikizana ndikuphimba mano konse. Nsagwada ndizotakataka, zazikulu komanso zazingwe, zokhala ndi chibwano chopangidwa bwino, nsagwada yam'munsi imapindika pang'ono ndikupita kutsogolo (bulldogine). Mano athu ndi akulu komanso olimba ndipo sayenera kuwoneka ndi mpeni watsekedwa. Kuluma kwabwinobwino ndichakudya.
Maso. Khalani okhazikika mozungulira, mwina kutali ndi makutu. Maso ndi kusintha kuchokera pamphumi kupita kutsitsi (mlatho wamphuno) zizikhala pamzere umodzi wowongoka, wolumikizana mpaka poyambira pakati pa maso. Ayenera kukhala osiyanasiyana momwe angathere kuti ngodya zawo zakunja zizigwirizana ndi masaya. Mapulogalamu ozungulira kwathunthu, apakatikati, ocheperako pang'ono, koma osawotchera, komanso amdima kwambiri, pafupifupi akuda, mapuloteni sayenera kuwonekera akawona kutsogolo.
Makutu. Wamng'ono ndi woonda, wokhazikika. Makutu ngati khutu la petula.
Khosi. Wamtali pang'ono, m'malo mwake wamfupi, wamphamvu kwambiri, wakuya komanso wandiweyani. The scruff amakonzedwa moyenera. Pansi pa larynx, khosi limakomoka kwambiri, kotero kuti mawonekedwe a khungu la lather kuchokera pachiwono mpaka kumapeto kwa mbali iliyonse.
Torso. Kutsogolo kwa chifuwa ndikwakukulu, ndikakuwona kuchokera kumbali, mozungulira, kokhazikika komanso kuya. Pang'onopang'ono torso imazizira pang'onopang'ono ndipo m'masamba amapangika bwino ndi matumbo osasunthika. Kumbuyo kuli kochepa komanso kwamphamvu, m'mapewa mokwanira kwambiri komanso kochepa thupi kumbuyo. Chingwe chakumbuyo chakumanzere chimapanga mtundu wa arc.
Zoneneratu. Mapewa ake ndi otakata kwambiri, osasamala komanso ozama, amphamvu komanso opepuka ndipo amayenera kuwonetsa kukhudzika ndi thupi. Bokosi limakhala lamphamvu, lopanda mbiya komanso lakuya kwambiri, lopendekeka kutsogolo. Kutsogolo kutsogolo kuli kwamphamvu ndipo ndiotakata, kopingasa, mwamphamvu, ndi kutsogolo kwamphamvu, fupa la kutsogolo limafupika kuposa miyendo yakumbuyo, koma osati kwambiri kuti kumbuyo kumawoneka kutalika kapena ntchito ndi galu amachepetsa. Zovala zazing'onoting'ono komanso zotsika. Miyendo ikhale yaifupi, yolimba, yokhazikika.
Miyendo yakumanja.Wamphamvu komanso wolimba mtima komanso wotalikirapo kuposa am'mbuyo, ndikupanga galu wokhala ndi mbama yayikulu. Metatarsus ndi waufupi, wolimba, wakuda komanso wowonda. Miyendo yakumbuyo kwanu ndi yozungulira. Maukonde ali pafupi.
Mchira. Seti yotsika, yozungulira, yofewa, yopanda kuyimitsidwa kapena burashi. M'malo motalikirapo, lalifupi pamizu ndikuwukoka mwamphamvu kumapeto. Imasungidwa ndipo sayenera kukwera pamwamba pa msana.
Ubweya. Zachifundo, zazifupi, zonenepa.
Mtundu. Tiger kapena "zovuta" (suti ya tiger yokhala ndi chigoba chakuda kapena chokhala ndi nkhope yakuda), komanso bwino, ndiko kuti, piebald, mutu wamitundu yosiyanasiyana, yofiyira, yofiyira, yoyera, komanso yokhala ndi motley (kutanthauza yoyera kuphatikiza ndi iliyonse m'mbuyomu). "Doodley", wakuda kapena wakuda wokhala ndi kuwala saloledwa.
Zoipa. Wofooka msana. Chizindikiro chopyapyala, chakuthwa kapena chowongoka, kusowa koluma, kupindika ngati chidendene, mphuno yopyapyala, kusuntha kosachokera pamphumi kupita pachizeru, mutu wopyapyala, kapena wowongoka, mutu wozungulira, maso otulutsa, makutu otulutsa. Malingaliro okhala ngati mbiya kapena ng ombe yokhala ndi ng ombe, yodontha, ndikusunga mchira pamwamba kumbuyo (mchira suyenera kutalika kuposa 8 cm).
Mbiri yayifupi yokhudza kupangidwa kwa obereketsa
Galu obereketsa Bulldog ya Chingerezi - yowerengedwa kwathunthu ndi munthu. Ndi chochititsa chidwi kuti pomwe makolo awo akale adang'amba ng'ombeyo mosavuta, motero adalandira dzina lodzikuza "ng'ombe" pomasulira - ng'ombe. "Buldog" inali galu wamkulu komanso wamphamvu, koma mu 1836, zosangalatsa zonse zamtunduwu zidaletsedwa, galu sanafunenso.
- A Briteni sanathe kuwerengera, ndipo anaganiza limodzi, kutenga bulldogs m'manja mwawo, ndikulonjeza kuti atulutsa msanga wa Buhl, yemwe amakhala ngati chiweto popanda kuwonetsa ngozi.
"Ma boules" odzipatulira adakhala chizindikiro cha Ma Marines, kokha chifukwa kudziyimira kwawo kumapangitsa ena kukhala okongola. Popeza adakhala ocheperako komanso atenga chithumwa chawo chomwe, adasiya kukhala omenyera ufulu, ndikusintha kukhala cholengedwa chokongola ndi pug yabwino.
Zoyala zoyambirira zinali zazing'onoting'ono mosiyanasiyana, magulu a kulemera, ma heterogeneity ena anapitilira kwanthawi yayitali. Koma zocheperako, anthu ambiri adamufuna kumuwona ngati amakonda - kunyumba. Akuluakulu achi Britain, omwe adapanga njira yatsopano kwa bulldog, sizomwe zidachitika.
Oyimira oyenerera anali achimuna ndi achikazi (Roaz ndi Krib), ndipo 1817 adakhala chizindikiro chatsopano pakupanga, agalu awa ndi omwe amayambitsa zovomerezeka.
Maphunziro ndi maphunziro a bulldogs
Mwana akafika mwana wanu6, muyenera kucheza nawo posachedwa:
- Phunzitsani leash yanu ndi kolala
- Pitani kumisewu yomwe ili ndi anthu ambiri
- Apatseni mwayi wolankhula ndi alendo,
- Tizisewera ndi nyama zina,
- Ndikofunikira kuzolowera mawu okweza komanso okuthwa.
Kuswana kwa agalu ndi bulldog Wachingerezi, omwe ali ndi malingaliro abwino komanso wachangu. Malingaliro awo ndiwotukuka kwambiri, amafunikira maphunziro osalekeza. Nthawi zina amakhala wokakamira komanso wodekha pang'ono.
- Maphunziro amayamba tsiku loyamba la mwana wamkaziyo m'nyumba yatsopano.
- Choyamba muyenera kuphunzira magulu opepuka: kwa ine, kunama ndikukhala, ndizosatheka.
- Nthawi yophunzira osaposa mphindi 40 patsiku, kukula mwana - kukulitsa katundu.
- Onetsetsani kuti mulimbikitsa mu mawonekedwe a - zidutswa zokoma, mawu achikondi, kukhudza.
- Potumiza: sinthani njira yophunzitsira ndi masewera olimbitsa.
- Ndikofunikira kuwonetsa chidwi, kudekha ndi kupirira. Osalilira chiweto chanu, musamalangize, yesetsani kubwereza malamulo momveka bwino komanso momveka bwino. Ngati mukuwona kuti watopa - perekani nthawi yopuma.
Tsoka ilo, si eni eni onse omwe ali ndi chipiriro chokwanira komanso odziwa bwino ntchito yakulera, ngati mukukayika za luso lanu, funsani katswiri, kenako pitilizani kukweza kwanu.
Bull Bating ndi Old English Bulldog
Kuvutitsidwa kwa nyama, imodzi mwazosangalatsa zakale kwambiri ku England, kunali kotchuka kwambiri kufikira oletsedwa m'zaka za zana la 19. Wolemba ndakatulo wakale Wachiroma Claudianus chakumapeto kwa zaka za 4 - 5 AD AD e. adatchulapo "galu waku Britain, yemwe amasuntha mphumi wawanthu wamphongo kuti abwere pansi." Symmachus yemwe adalipo m'masiku ake amakumbukira momwe alonda asanu ndi awiri aku Ireland adasonyezera kulimba mtima komanso kusasamala mu bwalo la Chiroma kotero kuti amakhulupirira kuti agaluwa adanyamulidwa mumakola azitsulo. Zikuyenera kuti Aroma adathandizira kukonda zojambula zamagazi kwa nzika za ku zilumba za Britain: 20.34, komabe, kubetcha monga mtundu wina wamasewera wamagazi, mwina, ndikochokera ku Chingerezi. : 19
Kutchuka kwa masewera okhathamira kunadzetsa chisangalalo cha kuswana kwa agalu ndi kutuluka kwa bulldogs, kapena bulldogs yakale ya Chingerezi, monga momwe mtunduwu unadzatchulidwira pambuyo pake. Kuyamwa galu kunafunsa galuyo mwapadera, mogwirizana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwake komanso kupsa mtima. Galu amayenera kukhala wolimba, wopanda mantha wosasamala, wokhala ndi ululu, wokonda kumenya nkhondo nthawi zonse. Amayenera kukhala gologolo, wokwera, osati galu wolemera kwambiri wokhala ndi chifuwa chachikulu komanso lamba wamapewa wopindika, wokhala ndi chovala chachifupi chosalala komanso womata wakufa. Anayenera kumvera malamulo a mwiniwake mosasamala zilizonse.
Chifukwa chake, a Old English Bulldogs adadulidwa - mtundu womwe ndi wapadera pamakhalidwe ake, ogwirira ntchito kwambiri, oyenerera kukwaniritsa ntchito yomwe anapatsidwa. Zowona zake zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mfundo iyi: mlandu udalembedwa pomwe mwini wa bulldog amadula matumba ake amodzi nthawi yayitali. Nthawi yomweyo, galuyo anapitiliza duel ndi ng'ombeyo mpaka mbuyeyo atamuyitana ndikudula mutu. : 30-31 Kuphatikiza pa kupezerera anzawo, ma bulldogs ndi ma bulbs awo adagwiritsidwanso ntchito munjira zina zambiri zankhanza: kumenya zimbalangondo (zimbalangondo), akavalo ozunza, abulu, oyimbira, anyani, ngakhale mikango ndi akambuku [comm. 4], komanso makoswe (makoswe). : 33-45
Nkhondoyo isanayambe, mwini wakeyo anagwira mwamphamvu bulldog yomwe ikuthamangira kunkhondo ndi makutu, kenako ndi siginolo ikutsitsa. Wogulitsayo anaukira ng'ombe yamphongoyo ndipo, atangoyigwira, anagwira chofunda kumaso: mphuno, milomo, lilime kapena diso. Pambuyo pake, bulldog adapachika pa nyama yake ndipo sanatsegule nsagwada mpaka ng'ombe itagona, yotopa, kapena kusiya kumenyera, kulengeza kugonja kwake ndi lalitali lalitali. : Ng'ombe zamphongo 99 zodziwa kusamala ndikuyang'anira mosungira mosamala, ndikulikirira mphuno pansi ndikuyika nyanga zam'mbuyo, zomwe zimalimbana ndikuthyola bulldog, zomwe zitha kutsogolera galuyo. Chifukwa chake, ma bulldogs abwino, chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ndi njira zapadera zoyendetsera duel, adapewa nyanga za ng'ombe. Ngati bulldog anali wofunitsitsa kumenyanako kotero kuti sanamve lamulo la mwini wake kuti aletse, galuyo adakanikizidwa ndi mchira wake wautali - nthawi zambiri mwiniyo amaluma galuyo ndi mchira - iyi inali njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera wolimbayo kuti amasule wovutayo kapena kumasula womugwirira. : 95 Ngati bulldog adagwira "mwamphamvu," ndiye kuti nsagwada zake zidatsegulidwa ndikupeza nkhuni: 30. Wogulitsa ng'ombe atagwira ng'ombe ndi mwendo, amangochotsa. Ana ena agalu amaphunzitsidwa kuyambira ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. : 18
Ngakhale kuvutitsidwa kwakukulu komanso kwodziwika bwino kwina konse, malingaliro a bulldogs ngati mtundu akhala akunyalanyazidwa kale. Zolemba zakale zomwe zatsala zimati agalu agulugufe kuposa agalu akuluakulu, omwe amapangika pang'onopang'ono, osakwanitsa chaka chimodzi ndi theka, kuti akadzafika, amabereka mosagona, ndipo pamapeto pake, ali ndi zaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi amayamba kukalamba. : 18 Tsopano sizingatheke kunena kuti ndi ziti mwachiweruziro chokhudza bulldogs zakale zomwe zili zowona ndi zomwe siziri, koma pambuyo pake, pamene woyamba woyamba amawonekera, bulldog adatchedwa "wonenezedwa" mmenemo. : 85
Podzafika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, kutchuka kwa kupezerera ena ndi mitundu inanso kunayamba kuchepa. Chisomo chaku Britain chidapambananso ndikumenyedwa kwa agalu.Pomenya nkhondo ndi ena oimira fuko la canine, mikhalidwe yosiyasiyana idafunikira - kuthamanga, kusinthasintha, kusuntha. Bulldogs inayamba kulumikizidwa ndi ma terriers, mtanda wotere, wotchedwa ng'ombe-ndi-terrier ndikuphatikiza zabwino kwambiri za mitundu yonseyi yazomenyera nkhondo, inayamba kuyamikiridwa kwambiri. : 45-46 Palibe njira zowoneka bwino zomwe zinatengedwa kuti zithandizire kuyesedwa. : 49
Kuwombera komaliza kwa mtunduwo kudaletsa nyama zoletsa. Mu 1835, Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Britain idapereka Animal Cruelty Act (Wankhanza Ku Zinyama Act 1835), komabe, osakhudzidwa ndi kumenyedwa kwa agalu. Ndipo ngakhale kuzunzidwa kosaloledwa m'malo osiyanasiyana ku Great Britain kunachitika mpaka pakati pa zaka za zana, sizinatheke kusungitsa mtunduwo momwe unalili kale - pofika nthawi yomwe lamuloli linaperekedwa kale zipolopolo za purebred zinali zitatha. : 32-33
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Chichewa Bulldog - agalu siophweka, amakonda kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilendo samawonetsa zochitika mumsewu, zomwe zimakhudzana ndikupeza kunenepa kwambiri.
Kulemera kwambiri kwa galu ndikosayenera, kumayambitsa mkwiyo:
- Matenda am'mimba
- Matenda a mtima
- Dongosolo la Endocrine,
- Kuchulukitsa zolumikizana mafupa, mafupa ndi msana.
Njira yabwino ndiyo chakudya chouma, chomwe chili ndi zinthu zokwanira kale ndipo chimaphatikizapo zonse zomwe mungafune, osafuna zakudya zowonjezera ndi mavitamini. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, osapaka kukonzekera, kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumatsimikiziridwa mosavuta, kulemera kwa nyama kungathe kuyang'aniridwa, osayambitsa chifuwa.
Tsoka ilo, mtundu wotere wa English Bulldog umakonda kukhala ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhudza thanzi lawo, motero sizikulimbikitsidwa kuphika nokha.
Ngati mukuganiza, zakudya zimapangidwa ndi zinthu:
- Osati mafuta, nyama yopanda mafuta (nkhuku yopanda mafuta, nyama yamwana wamphongo, ng'ombe, nkhukundembo),
- Mkati: mtima, chiwindi, m'mapapo, khosi, khosi,
- Nsomba zam'nyanja kamodzi pa sabata (zopanda chiyembekezo chokha, kutsukidwa, komanso osati mafuta),
- Masewera ndi chimanga (nguluwe, oatmeal, tirigu, wophika msuzi wa nyama),
- Zamasamba: zatsopano, zodulidwa kapena zaphiri (zukini, kaloti, beets, nkhaka),
- Zinthu zopangidwa mkaka zopanda mafuta ambiri: tchizi chokoleti, tchizi, mkaka wowotchera, kefir,
- Mafuta ophikira: maolivi kapena mafuta ena,
- Chakudya chamfupa
- Mazira osachedwa - nthawi zina,
Ndi bwino kuphika zam'mimbamo, koma nyamayo iyenera kukhala yaiwisi, yopanda mafuta, yodulidwa.
Kuwerengeredwa kwa zosowa: 30 magalamu pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera kwa nyama, china chilichonse cha phala - 10%, masamba ndi zipatso - 20%.
Ndikofunikira kusankha zovuta zochepa zowonjezera ndi mavitamini pazakudya zachilengedwe.
Sizoletsedwa kupatsa chiweto:
- Mafupa a Tubular - m'magulu,
- Lokoma, makamaka chokoleti,
- Zingwe ndi ma cookie,
- Mphesa ndi zipatso,
- Pasitala ndi mbatata,
- Palibe zokometsera, mchere kapena tsabola.
- Nyama sayenera kudya zidutswa, nthawi zosiyanasiyana, kudya kwambiri.
Onetsetsani kuti mwalandira madzi abwino akumwa tsiku lonse ngati galu adya chakudya chouma. Chakudya chimagwira gawo lalikulu m'miyoyo ya nyama, momwe kholo lachi Ngerezi limakhalira ndi kuchuluka kwake ndikukhalira ndi inu kutengera kulondola kwake.
Akuluakulu amadya kawiri pa tsiku, ana kuyambira 4 - 5 pa tsiku.
The zikamera ndi kukula kwa mtundu wamba
Amakhulupilira kuti oyimira oyimira kubadwidwe, omwe makolo onse amakono achingelezi adachokera, anali Crib (Chinsinsi) ndi rose (Rosa) Awa ndi a H. Wirlst ndipo mu 1817 anali oyamba kulembedwa m'bukhu la studio la English Club of Dog Breeding. : 105
Chiwonetsero choyamba cha galu m'mbiri ya England chidachitika pa June 28-29, 1859 ku Newcastle. Chotsatira, chaka chomwecho, ku Birmingham. Bulldogs sanayimilidwe pazowonetsa izi. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, bulldogs adawonekera ku Birmingham Fair, yomwe idachitika pa Disembala 3-4, 1860, komwe adapatsidwa kalasi imodzi. : 133 Mphoto yoyamba komanso yokhayo idapambanidwa ndi bulldog ya James Hinks (James hinks) [comm.5]. Mu zaka zitatu zotsatira (1861-1864), bulldogs adawonetsedwa pazowonetsa ku Leeds (1861), Manchester (1861), Birmingham (1862). Pa ziwonetsero zonsezi, mtunduwo udapatsidwa gulu limodzi. Komabe, pawonetsero ku London ku Egricalchel Hall (Bwalo laulimi, 1862) ndi ku Cremorne (Chelsea, 1863) ma bulldogs adayimiriridwa m'magulu awiri - "akulu" ndi "ochepa". Omalizawo amatchedwanso "chidole" (Chingerezi cha English Bulldog), zikuoneka kuti oyimilira a mtunduwu ndi makolo akale a bulldogs amakono aku France. Pawonetsero ku Clermont, galu wambiri wamapaundi 18 (8.164 kg) adalengezedwa ngati malire pakati pa makalasi. : 133-135
Chiwonetsero choyambirira cha World Galu chidachitika mu 1863 ku Egricalcherel Hall, patatha chaka chachiwiri chachiwiri, ndipo mzere pakati pa "kuwala" ndi "zolemetsa" zolemetsa "udayikidwa kale mapaundi 20 (9.072 kg). Pa ziwonetsero za ku Birmingham za 1863 ndi 1864, makalasi adagawana kugonana kwa agalu popanda kuwasiyanitsa ndi kulemera, pomwe ku Manchester ma bulldog onse adapitilira kuwonetsera kalasi imodzi. : 135-137
Pofika mu 1864, obereketsa ndi okonda bulldog adazindikira kufunika kopanga kalabu ya bulldog ndikupanga machitidwe ofanana a kubereka. : 137
Samalani
- English Bulldog ndi galu waulesi pang'ono ndipo amakonda chakudya, osasiya chakudya chosavomerezeka, osalola kusankha chakudya mumsewu ndikusankha mosamala zomwe mungadyetse English Bulldog yanu. Musamale pakudyetsa, musalole kuti muchite zambiri, zilibe kanthu kuti akupemphani kapena ayi, mawu anu ayenera kukhala lamulo.
- Nthawi zambiri, amayesera kuti asocheretse munthu, ngati simutenga maphunziro panthawiyo, osawonetsa kuti ndinu wopambana, azikhala pakhosi lanu.
- Chizolowezi chawo chokhala ndi chifuwa chimatha kuchitika pafupipafupi posintha chakudya, chatsopano, makamaka ngati mupereka zidutswa patebulo. Imadziwoneka yokha osati kunja (pakhungu, makutu ofiira: dera pakati pa zala), komanso m'thupi lonse la chinyama, tsitsi limayamba kuyamba kugwa, limayakasa. Ngati simukuonana ndi dokotala nthawi yayitali, kulira kwa nthawi yayitali ndikotheka.
- Ana a bulldog a Chingerezi, makamaka anyamata - wolemba gawo, amatha kuyenda. Simalimbikitsidwa kuti azithamanga popanda kupuma, mawonekedwe apadera a mafupa a chigaza sichimalola kuti galu apume mokwanira.
- Musakhale pakubala kwanthawi yayitali, pewani zipinda zamtambo, ngati kuli kotentha kunja - ingoyendani mumthunzi ndipo musayambenso kuyambiranso. Nthawi zina amakomoka.
- Bulldogs imakhala yovuta kubereka, nthawi zambiri wopanga nyama amakonzera nthawi yomweyo, ngati mukuganiza zoluka galu, pemphani wachipatala nthawi yomweyo kuti abereke. Akazi onse omwe satenga nawo gawo kuswana ndi bwino kuswirana.
Kalabu yoyamba ya Bulldog ndi Filo-Kuon Standard
Kalabu yoyamba ya bulldog idatsegulidwa pa Novembara 3, 1864, yokhazikitsidwa ndi Mr. R. S. Roxtro (R.S. Rockstro) Gululi inali ndi mutu wake - "Dead Grip" (Eng. Hold Fast), ndipo zolinga za kilabhu zomwe zalembedwazi zidalengezedwa "kupititsa patsogolo ndikusintha kwa Old English Bulldog." Gululi linapangidwa ndi anthu pafupifupi 30, mwa mamembala ake panali olumikizana a mtunduwu, ambiri omwe adapeza nthawi zosangalatsa zaukadaulo wawo, akatswiri ochita zachiwawa, omwe adadziwiratu zamasewera awa ndi bizinesi yamagazi. M'malo mwake, ntchito ya kalabuyo idakhala yochepetsetsa - patatha zaka zitatu idatha kukhalapo popanda kupanga chiwonetsero chimodzi. : 137
Kupambana kwakukulu kwa Rockstrod Bulldog Club kunali kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za bulldog, yemwe amadziwika kuti "Philo-Kuon Standard" (Philo-kuan muyezo) Malongosoledwe awa adasindikizidwa mu 1865 ndi a Samuel Weekens (Samuel akumvera), msungichuma wamtsogolo wa kalabu, pansi pa pseudonym Philo-kuan. [comm. 6]: 137 Filo-Kuonsky amafotokoza za bulldog inayake yabwino, izi zimamveka kale pamawu ake oyambira:
Bulldog ya Chingerezi ndi nyama yokongola, yakale kwambiri, yosowa kwambiri, makamaka pamiseche ndipo, monga lamulo, lodziwika pang'ono, lobweretsedwa mwachifundo, kulumikizana kosalekeza komanso chidwi kuchokera kwa eni, galuyo amakhala wodekha komanso womvera, koma ngati ali pamtondo ndipo alibe chidwi , kenako imakhala yochezeka komanso yogonjera, ndikukwiya, imatha kukwiya kwambiri mpaka imakhala yowopsa kwa ena. Agalu a mitundu iyi ndi alonda abwino, osambira odabwitsa, ndiwofunika kwambiri pakuwoloka mtunda ndi nsanja, ma pointers, hound, greyhound, etc.n., kuwapatsa kulimba mtima ndi kupirira. Ichi ndi nyama yolimba komanso yosankha kwambiri. Bulldog wabwino alibe chidwi ndi omwe angagwire - wokonda kwambiri, wothamanga komanso wopanda mantha, adzalimbana mpaka dontho lomaliza la magazi. Mtundu wabwino kwambiri uwu umangokhala kunja kwa dzikolo - kwenikweni, ndi galu woyamba ku Britain yemwe amagwirizana ndi Old England - galu yemwe Britain angamanyadire.
Muyezo wa Philo-Kuon koyamba umafotokoza mitundu yayikulu yonse ya nkhokwe - mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa mutu, makutu, nkhope, khosi, chifuwa ndi lamba lakhosi, kumbuyo, miyendo, etc. Malangizo a mulingo uwu wokhudza mawonekedwe a makutu ndi mchira, utoto, ndi kutalika kwa kufota ndi kulemera kwa galu zidasinthidwa kenako, zonse, sizinagwirizane ndi malingaliro amakono pazabwino za mtunduwo. Pazakudya zake zazikulu, mulingo wa Philo-Kuon umakhalabe mbiri yabwino pakadali pano, ukugwira ntchito ngati maziko a mfundo zonse za bulldog yaku England. : 93
Chiwonetsero, pakadali pano, chinawonjezeka, koma kusagwirizana m'gululi kunatsalabe. Pa chiwonetsero chachitatu cha galu wachitatu (1865), ma bulldogs onse, monga kale, adalekanitsidwa ndi kulemera (opepuka komanso wolemera kuposa mapaundi 20). Manchester idachita ziwonetsero ziwiri (1865 ndi 1866), momwe bulldogs zonse zidagawikana malinga ndi mfundo yomweyo. Birmingham anapitilizabe kupatula agalu mwa kugonana, koma mu 1865 anayambitsa kalasi yowonjezera ya Champion (kokha ya amuna), yomwe, kenako, idasiyidwa pambuyo pake. Mu 1867-71, Birmingham ndi Manchester adachita ziwonetsero m'magulu awiri okha: zazimuna ndi zazingwe. Mu 1869, chiwonetsero choyamba cha National Club of Dog Breeding chidachitika ku Islington, kuphatikiza m'makalasi aimuna ndi ma bitches, kalasi yosakanikirana idagawidwa kwa agalu - 11 kg ndiyosavuta kwa agalu. Pa chiwonetsero choyamba ku Crystal Palace (1870) magulu awiri a bulldogs adafotokozedwa, komabe, kuchuluka kwawo kunawonjezeka chaka chamawa. : 137-138
Ziwonetsero zatsopano - ku Glasgow ndi Edinburgh - zidachitika koyamba mu 1871 ndipo onse anali ndi gulu limodzi la agalu amtunduwu. Kuyesa kuwonetsedwa kunapitilira kwakanthawi, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwamakalasi, anayi, anaperekedwa kwa a Bulldogs ku Birmingham mu 1873: magawo awiri a kulemera kwa akazi ndi amuna. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, panali chizolowezi chowonjezera mzere pakati pa "kuwala" ndi "zolemera" zolemera, kotero pachiwonetsero ku Crystal Palace mu 1873 chidafika 13.5 kg. : 139
Woyimira bwino kwambiri wa mtundu wina panthawiyo anali Bulldog King Dick (King dick) [comm. 7], ya Jacob Lamphier (Jacob Lamphier) : 107 King Dick, wamwamuna wofiyira wokhala ndi chigoba chakuda, adabadwa mu 1858: 149 ndipo sanathe kuwonetsedwa pazowonetsa zonse zomwe adatenga nawo gawo kuyambira 1861 mpaka 1865, kuphatikiza zitatu zitatu World World Show (1863-65) mkalasi matayilo. : 133-137 King Dick ndi m'modzi mwa mbadwa zake, Crib, adakhala maziko a mtundu womwe unalembedwa ndi Lamphier mu 1861 (koma, mosiyana ndi Filo-Kuonsky, osadziwika konse): 91. A King Dick anamwalira mu 1866 ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi zitatu, kupatula nthawi yomwe mwini wake anali. Malinga ndi nthano, patsiku la maliro a Lambier, bulldogyo adayiwalidwa m'bwalo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo King Dick adapita kukafunafuna mwini wake. Posamupeza, a King Dick adakhumba, adakana chakudya ndipo adamwalira patatha masiku anayi. Otsutsa ambiri amakono njira imodzi amabwereranso ku bulldog iyi. : 108,111
Mfumu Dick sanali yekhayo wopambana pazaka zomwe zovuta zawo zidakumana ndi tsoka. Chiwonetsero choyamba mu Crystal Palace (1870) chidapambana ndi Mikhail Archangel (dzina lake Mikhail Archangel)Mikayeli Mkulu wa Angelo) Chiwonetserochi chitatha, adapita naye ku Paris, komwe adakadya Michael Angelo wamkulu panthawi yazungulira mzindawo. : 107
Pa Epulo 4, 1873, gulu lodziwika bwino la "The Kennel Club" lidakhazikitsidwa - kalabu yoyamba yoweta agalu padziko lonse kulembetsa agalu osasankhidwa ndi agalu. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'bungweli chinali kulemba mabuku a ma Stud. Bulldogs adaphatikizidwa ndi voliyumu yoyamba ya buku la kalabu (Buku la Kennel Club Stud), yomwe idaperekedwa ku Birmingham Fair pa Disembala 1, 1874. Ndizachilendo kuti woyamba wa Chingerezi yemwe amakhala pa lembedwe anali Adamu wotchedwa Adamu (Adamo) Wobadwa mu 1864, ngakhale pambuyo pake agalu angapo adalipo m'bukhu lakale kwambiri kuposa iye, wobadwa m'ma 1850s. Adamu anali a Mr. R. Heathfield (R. heathfield), ndipo oberedwayo anali Jacob Lamphier, mwini wa King Dick.
Mu 1874, anayesa kutsitsimutsa kalabu ya bulldog. Komabe, kalabu yachiwiri idakhala yochepera kuposa yoyamba, zosakwana chaka. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, ma bulldogs ambiri aku Spain adabweretsedwa mdziko muno, omwe kulemera kwake kudafika pa kilogalamu 45 (kuyerekezera, malinga ndi muyeso wa Philo-Kuon, kulemera kwa bulldog Wachingerezi kuli zosachepera 9 kg ndipo "osaposa" 27 kg). Gulu lachi Ngerezi lidakumananso ndi vuto lodana ndi kusinthika, kufunika kochitapo kanthu mozama kuti chisawonongeke. : 139
Kulengedwa kwa bungwe ndikupititsa patsogolo mtundu
Mu Marichi 1875, kalabu yachitatu ya bulldog idakhazikitsidwa, yomwe ilipobe mpaka pano. Kubadwa kwa bungwe latsopanoli kunachitika mu nyuzipepala ya London The Blue Post, ndipo omwe adayambitsa adawona ntchito yayikulu ndikusunga ukhondo wa mtundu wa Chingerezi, makamaka kuchokera pakuphatikiza ndi Spain Bulldog. Omwe adayambitsa kilabu adatenga zonse zokhudzana ndi mtunduwu ndi oyimira ake abwino ndikupanga njira yatsopano ya bulldog ya Chingerezi, yomwe idasindikizidwa pa Meyi 27, 1875. Muyezo uwu, ndikusintha pang'ono, ndi koyenera ku England pakadali pano. Pambuyo pake, ndizofunikira ziwiri zokha zomwe sizinaphatikizidwepo: 1) zomwe bitch Rosa, zomwe zikujambulidwa mu chithunzi chotchuka "Crib and Rosa" (1817), ili pafupi ndi mawonekedwe a bulldog malinga ndi kunja kwake, malamulo ndi kukula kwake, 2) kuti palibe agalu omwe alipo masiku ano imakwaniritsa muyezo womwe mukufuna kuchita. : 139-140
Gawo lotsatira la zochitika za gululi linali kuphatikiza magawo a mfundo zakunja. Zowerengera zonse zinali ndi kuyesa kwa zigawo zazikulu za kunja. Mlingowo udalandiridwa ndikuvomerezedwa pa Ogasiti 5, ndipo adasindikiza pa Seputembara 2, 1875. Kuphatikiza apo, malingaliro adapangidwa kuti apange buku lawo lawomwe amalabu, koma sizinatheke kuti achite. : 139-140
Gululi idachita chiwonetsero chake choyamba mchaka chomwecho mu pub yomweyo; agalu okha ndi khumi ndi anayi omwe adatenga nawo gawo, logawidwa m'magulu awiri ndi jenda. Gululi idachita chiwonetsero chotsatira mu June 1876, zopempha zoposa zana zidatumizidwa kwa izo, koma pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, chiwerengero cha omwe adapikisana nawo chinali 75 bulldogs kuchokera kwa eni 51. Makalasi osiyanasiyana anaperekedwa: amuna amuna olemera mpaka 18 makilogalamu, zazikazi zilizonse zolemera, ana agalu osakwana zaka 1, komanso gulu logulitsidwa. Ngakhale agalu ambiri omwe adawonetsedwa anali abwino kwambiri, chidwi ku gululi mpikisanowu utagwa kwambiri. Chiwonetsero chachitatu chinachitika kokha pa Novembala 2, 1878. Kupumula kwazaka ziwirizi kunali kokhako m'mbiri ya ziwonetsero za gululi, kupatula Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse. Kuyambira 1878 mpaka lero, ziwonetsero zimachitika chaka chilichonse, chifukwa chidwi cha anthu ndi akatswiri mu kalabu chawonjezeranso ndipo sichinasinthebe kuyambira pamenepo. : 140
Chiwonetsero cha 1879 chinali choyamba, masiku atatu osatha: kuyambira Meyi 15 mpaka 17. Zinapanganso kuyesayesa kopanda kuyambitsa kuwunikira kawiri. Pa Disembala 9-11, gululi lidachita chiwonetsero chake choyamba cha chisanu, kukonzekera kwa nthawi yoyamba mipikisano iwiri pachaka. M'chaka chomwecho, kalabuyo idakhazikitsa ndikukhazikitsa lamulo lothandizira ndi kupititsa patsogolo mtunduwo pamagulu onse agalu, kuphatikiza pakuwonjezera magulu omwe mtunduwo ungayimiridwe. Maudindo ndi malingaliro a kalabu akadali othandizabe mpaka pano. : 143
Zakukula kwa mtunduwu, ma 1870 ndi nthawi yopambana Cribog yodziwika bwino yotchedwa Crib, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Turways Crib (Korani ya Turtonpopeza inali ya T. Turton) ndi Sheffield Crib. Crib adabadwa mu 1871 ku Sheffield ndi obereketsa Fred Lamphier (mwana wa Jacob Lamphier). Bowa anali munthu wina wolemera bowa - wopitilira makilogalamu 29 (29 makilogalamu).Anali mbadwa ya Old King Dick pamzere umodzi. Malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri a nthawi imeneyo, Crib ndiye woimira wabwino kwambiri pa mtundu wonsewo. Mphamvu yake pakukula kwa mtunduwu ndi yopambana, idayamba kumveka kuyambira theka lachiwiri la 1870s, ndipo idafika pachimake pofika 1890. Pa ziwonetsero za Bulldog Club, zomwe zidachitika mu 1892-93 ku Royal Aquarium, m'mitsempha ya pafupifupi galu aliyense kuchokera kwa makolo, magazi a Crib amatuluka. : 108, 111
Nthambi zinayi zikuluzikulu zamakono zachifumu zaku England zimachokera ku Crib, kuchokera ku mbali zinayi zosiyanasiyana: 111:
- Rosa (ow. Berry), osewera zinyalala Monarch ndi Gamester. M'badwo wotsatira kuchokera ku Monarch: ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi a Britain Monarch, Britomartis, Will of Forchen, Taurus. : 111-116
- Meg (ow. F. Lamphier), mu tchire, Tiger wamwamuna Tiger, yemwe adapatsa osewera Richard the Lionheart ndi Redova, wolamulira wamkulu Sir Anthony ndi ena ambiri: 116-119
- A Miss Smiff (ow. P. Rast), wa fayilo ya ngwazi yaimuna wamwamuna Sancho Panza, a L 'Balozi - ngwazi yoyamba ya kuswana kwa America, osewera a Rodney Stone ndi ena ambiri. : 119-121
- Keith (mwini V. Beckett), pamwambowu ndi akatswiri a Dryad, Dimbula, ena ambiri owonetsa zidindo ndi opanga. : 121
- Chophimba: kuphatikiza kwabwino, chovala chake sichikhala chachifupi, ndikokwanira kuphatikiza kamodzi pa sabata, pakuyungunuka ndikwabwino tsiku lililonse, koma ndizothekanso masiku ena onse. Chachikulu ndikuphika mosamala kudutsa m'malo osatheka: m'mimba, paws.
- Kusamba: galu akamadetsa, kokha ndi shampoos apadera, madziwo sayenera kukhala otentha. Pa chisamaliro cha tsiku ndi tsiku, kungotayira ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza ndi kutsuka mawondo anu mutatha kuyenda ndi koyenera.
- Zovala: kudula ndi clipper 1 - 2 pamwezi, onetsetsani kuti mwaziphunzitsa kuyambira kuubwana mpaka pakukonzekera.
- Maso: pukutirani zowonjezera zowonjezera, mwina mafuta odzola apadera, decoction azitsamba okhala ndi katundu wa antiseptic, masamba wamba a tiyi (osakhala amphamvu) ali oyenera.
- Makutu: kuyeretsa ndi mafuta odzola, chisamba chakotoni - pafupipafupi. Penyani mawonekedwe amatsenga, kununkhira, redness.
- Mano: Tsukani, perekani ndodo zapadera - mafupa omwe amatsuka.
- Zingwe ndi zokutira kumaso: ndikofunikira kuigwira mosiyana; dothi ndi fumbi zimadzisonkhanitsa pamenepo, zomwe zimapangitsa malo abwino kukula kwa mabakiteriya. Pukuta makwinya kumaso, kuchotsa fumbi, koma osachisiya chonyowa, ndiye kuti pambuyo pa njirayi - pukuta.
- Katemera: pafupipafupi komanso mokakamiza, kuchezera kwa veterinarian kamodzi theka la chaka kukonzekera. Nthawi zonse - anthelmintic. Chithandizo chamtundu wa majeremusi: utitiri ndi nkhupakupa.
- Konzani malo oti agone (chisa chofewa kapena kama),
- Malo omwe ziweto zimadyamo, gulani mbale,
- Gulani zoseweretsa,
- Khola ndi kutupira
- Samalirani nyumbayo: chotsani zinthu zing'onozing'ono, nsapato, chilichonse chomwe chingafulitsidwe ndikuchotsedwa pansi,
- Onetsetsani kuti mukuchotsa mawaya, zingwe zowonjezera,
- Pezani zimbudzi zimbudzi.
- Yang'anani zojambula, koma osatseka kwathunthu mpweya
- Konzekerani kuyimba ndi kutenga sofa yanu.
- Maonekedwe abwino a nyamayo,
- Khalidwe lake
- Zizindikiro za makolo,
- Kupezeka kwa mayina ndi chiyembekezo cha mayi,
- Kusuntha sikuyenera kukakamizidwa,
- Tigalu timadyetsedwa bwino, timanunkhira bwino, osati khungu.
- Chofunikira ndichofunikira, osawopa, ochezeka komanso opanda nkhanza.
- cysts pakati pa zala: kuchotsedwa ndi veterinarian kapena akatswiri ankachita masewera
- adenoma wa zaka zana lachitatu ("eye eye"
- kufalikira kwa zaka za zana lachitatu: kuchotsedwa ndi veterinarian
- mitundu ina ya chifuwa (ku zinthu monga chakudya, mankhwala, nkhupakupa, fumbi la nyumba, mungu, zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zitsulo, kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi zinthu zina zambiri)
- kukoka kwa m'chiuno (nthawi zambiri kumakhala agalu okalamba), pomwe dysplasia yachilendo imakhala yachilendo chifukwa chakumapeto kwa barrel
- Natoptyshi ndi malo otumphukira a chowulungika, khungu lozungulira (chimanga cholimba, mapepala oopsa) omwe amawoneka pama pads a bulldog paws. Adzathetsedwa ndi veterinarian
Kumapeto kwa XIX panali oimira angapo odziwika komanso otchuka omwe siamodzi mwa awa, mwachitsanzo, mzere wa Sixpence - King Cole - King Cole Jr., komanso wopikisana ndi Alexander ndi Duke. Agaluwa adagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza ndi mbadwa za Crib. Pakadali pano, mzere wa Krib ndiye maziko a pedigrees a fuko la English bulldogs. : 121
Pa Meyi 17, 1894, kalabu ya bulldog idalandira kampani ndipo kuyambira pamenepo yatchedwa "The Bulldog Club, Inc.", kukhala kalabu yakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. : 143
Samalira bulldog yomwe mumakonda
Kusamalira English mini bulldog palokha sikovuta kwambiri, koma kumafunikira maluso ena komanso kusasinthika. Eni ake a bulldogs nthawi zambiri amamufanizira ndi mwana wawo, pamakhala chowonadi china - izi galu sangakhale popanda munthu.
Momwe bullets wanu Wachingerezi amakhalira - zimatengera inu, chisamaliro chokwanira, ndizotheka kukulitsa galu moyo wake kwanthawi yayitali.
Mwana asanafike kunyumba, muyenera kukonzekera mosamala:
Kodi bulldogs yachingerezi imawononga ndalama zingati?
Musanagule mwana wa galu kuchokera ku bulldog Wachingerezi, kufunsa za mtengo wake, ana amatha kuyima bwino.
Sankhani kutengera:
Mutha kudziwa kuti galu waku English bulldog amawononga ndalama zochuluka motani kuchokera kwa obereketsa, koma mtengo wake uli wokwanira kuchokera kuma ruble 30,000 ndi zina, ma bitches nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera mtengo.
Mukamakomera kwambiri nazale ndi makolo, kukwera mtengo kwake, koma simuyenera kuyiwala za umunthu wa mwana, ngati akukonzekera chiwonetsero chamtsogolo ndikuganiza zosankha kubereka, konzekerani kulipira kuchokera ku ma ruble 50 mpaka 70,000.
France
Ma bulldogs a Chingerezi adadziwika kwambiri ku kontinenti ya Europe mkati mwa zaka za m'ma 1800. Pakadali pano, mtundu wa mtunduwu sunapangidwe, ndipo ma bulldog anali osiyanasiyana kwambiri, makamaka kulemera ndi kukula kwake. Mu 1848-1860, mavuto azachuma anali ku England, kusefukira kwa anthu osagwira ntchito, makamaka owomba nsalu, komwe kudasungidwa mu English Channel kufunafuna moyo wabwino - kumpoto kwa France ndi Belgium. Anabwera ndi ma bulldogs kuti azisangalala komanso kuteteza katundu, komanso ngati gawo lawo la England. Kuti zitheke pamaulendo, ogwira ntchito ku England adasankha bulldogs yaying'ono ngati abwenzi. Kuphatikiza apo, eni ake mwina adawoloka agalu obwera ndi mbadwa za Spain Burdos bulldogs, komanso, mwina, terriers ndi ma pug. Osamukira kumayiko ena amakhala m'matawuni, ndikupanga malo okhala, ndipo posakhalitsa mtundu watsopano, French bulldog, adabadwa m'mizinda yaku Paris.
Matendawa sanazindikiridwe kwanthawi yayitali kudziko la bulldog, popeza malingana ndi mamembala azungu omwe amakonda dziko la Chingerezi, omwe pakati pawo panali obereketsa agalu, bulldog imatha kukhala Chingerezi. Koma pomwe ma bulldogs aku France adayamba kutumizidwa kuchokera ku France kupita ku Great Britain mu 1890s, sizotheka kupitiliza kunyalanyaza kukhalapo kwa mtunduwu. Komabe, a English Kennel Club sanataye maudindo awo ndipo mu 1894 anagawa ang'onoang'ono (osaposa mapaundi 20) a Bulldogs achingelezi m'gulu lapadera - zidole za akalogi, kulengeza kuti awa anali agalu enieni achi French omwe eni ake adalowa mosungirapo chuma cha dziko la England. Ngakhale kusiyana kwakunja pakati pa zomwe amati zotchedwa bulldogs ndi ma French bulldogs zinali zodziwikiratu - omalizawo anali abwino kwambiri ndipo anali ndi makutu akulu owongoka, ozungulira, ngati milezi ku England - onsewa adayesedwa mu mphete yomweyo kwa nthawi yayitali. Mu 1902, kalabu yachingelezi ya okonda ma bulldogs aku France adakhazikitsidwa, mu 1904 dzinali lidayamba kupezeka, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi mitunduyo idadziwika ndi Kennel Club yaku Great Britain. Izi zidachitika kale kuposa ku France, ndipo chifukwa chake mikangano idathetsedwa, ndipo achi French adakhalabe chofunikira kwambiri pakubwera kwa bulldogs.
Zoseweretsa zazingwe zaku England zidatchuka mpaka cha 1910. Malinga ndi muyezo, anali osiyana ndi ena onse achi Bulldogs mu kukula kwawo. Pambuyo pakuzindikira kwa bulldogs aku France, kufunika kwa kusiyanitsa kochita kupanga kotereku kunasowa, mtunduwo unasowa thandizo, ndipo posakhalitsa zidole za bullets zidasowa.
Kunena za ku France, abale awo omwe tsopano ali kunyada monga dziko la England ku UK. Ndipo ngakhale patapita nthawi mtundu wa Chingerezi ku France udalandira okondwerera, kutchuka kwake sikupita kumeneko poyerekeza ndi kutchuka kwa bulldog waku France.
Australia ndi New Zealand
Ma bulldogs achingelezi cha m'ma 1800 adafalikira ku ma Britain ambiri.Komabe, ku Australia kokha ndi ku New Zealand komwe amawongolera kubadwidwe kunachitika ndipo ngakhale kuyesa kwake kunapangidwa - waku Australia. Komanso, kuphatikiza kwakukulu pakukhazikitsa ndi kusamalira mtunduwu ndi kwa obereketsa ku New Zealand, popeza kutchuka kwa amitundu oyandikana nawo ku Australia poyamba kunali kotsika, ngakhale kuti bulldogs yoyamba idawonekera koyambirira. : 247
Pawonetsero la galu woyamba, womwe udachitikira ku Melbourne pa Epulo 7-8, 1864, malinga ndi chikalatacho, anthu 17 adalengezedwa mgulu la bulldog. Ntchito yolimbikira m'derali idapumira kwa nthawi yayitali pogwiritsira ntchito agalu ochokera ku England. Mpaka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, nthumwi zolemekezeka zingapo zidabadwa ku Australia: abambo Big Baby (pambuyo pake amadziwika kuti Viking), Bruce IV, Hardy Norseman ndi ena. Pambuyo pamtengowo, zofunikira zolozerana nazo zimakonda kuwonjezeredwa mayina agalu kuti azisiyanitse ndi agalu omwe amapezeka m'makolamu. : 247, 249
New Zealand idagulitsa agalu olusa mpaka 1894. Kumayambiriro kwa 1900s, New South Wales English Bulldog Club idakhazikitsidwa ku Australia, yomwe yakhala imodzi yamakalabu apamwamba kwambiri ku Australia ndipo tsopano ndi gulu lotchuka kwambiri pakompyuta komanso mdziko la okonda bulldog. : 247, 249
Pakadali pano, kutumiziridwa kwa bulldogs kuchokera ku England kukupitiliza gawo lofunikira pakukweza kwamaluwa m'derali, osewera ambiri aku Australia mwina amatumizidwa kudziko lakwawo, kapena ndi mbadwa za m'badwo woyamba waku Britain mbali imodzi. : 247-258
Amereka
Bulldogs yakale yachingelezi idatumizidwa kudziko la America ndi azungu kuyambira zaka za zana la 16. Zimadziwika kuti panthawiyi, a bulldogs adawonekera, mwachitsanzo, kudera lamakono la Brazil ku Rio Grande do Sul ndi Santa Catarina. Kuchuluka kwa osamukila ku Britain kudachulukira chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18: mu 1724, England, omwe chuma chawo chinali pamavuto, adakhazikitsa dera lakumwera kwenikweni, Georgia, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi zokonda zosiyanasiyana adapanga zikhalidwe zokopa osamukira kumeneko.
Anthu okhala pamalowo adagwiritsa ntchito agalu ngati agalu ogwirira ntchito ponse ponse - kuteteza nyumba ndi katundu, komanso kuweta ng'ombe ngakhale kusaka nkhumba zazikazi. Pofuna kubereketsa, alimi amasankha agalu akulu kwambiri, olimba kwambiri komanso olimba kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuyambira kuchiyambiyambi kwa zaka za zana la 18, kuswana kwa ma bulldogs aku America, achikhalidwe kum'mwera kwa USA, adayamba kupanga padera padera. Akatswiri obereketsa agalu amateur adayamba kuchita chidwi ndi mtunduwu pokhapokha m'zaka za zana la 20, ndipo kuyenera kwakukulu pakusamalira kwawo kumadziwika ndi a John D. Johnson. Zotheka kuti bulldog wamakono wa ku America ndi mbadwa yachindunji ya bulldog yakale yachingelezi, ndikubwereza molondola zomwe zidachitika. Zovuta za mtundu uwu zinali zovuta kwambiri - zidatsala pang'ono kuzimiririka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, zidapulumutsidwa, koma zimakhala zosatetezeka kwambiri komanso zosasunthika, zogawidwa m'mizere iwiri, yomwe ili ndi kusiyana kwakukulu, ili ndi vuto la kubala. Anthu ambiri adadziwa za kukhalapo kwa mtunduwu kokha mu 1980s, mtunduwo udadziwika padziko lonse la United mbwa Club (UKC) mu 1999, koma mpaka pano bungwe la International Kennel Federation (FCI) silinadziwikebe.
Ku Brazil, kuli ena otchedwa Campeiro bulldogs, omwe amadzinenanso kuti ndi mbadwa zachindunji komanso zowoneka bwino za Old English Bulldog. Mtunduwu suzindikiranso padziko lonse lapansi.
Ku America, utsogoleri wopanga ma bulldogs achingerezi komanso polimbikitsa mtunduwu ndi wa United States, komwe kuli muyezo wa bulldog wa Chingerezi, wosiyana pang'ono ndi mfundo zaku Britain ndi zapadziko lonse. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa kagulu kakang'ono ka Chingerezi ku United States komweko kudachokera ku 1880 - bambo wazaka zoyera wazaka zisanu dzina lake Donald adawululidwa ndi Sir William Werner ku New York. : Akatswiri a 179 amavomereza kuti abulogu apamwamba kwambiri ku USA m'ma 80s a zaka za zana la 19 anali oitanidwa okhawo omwe anali anyamata a Robinson Crusoe (Robinson crusoe) ndi wamkazi Britomartis (Britomartis), kuchokera kwa osewera wa England Monarch. Britomartis nthawi zambiri amatenga malo oyamba ku ziwonetsero ku New York kuyambira 1885 mpaka 1890, ndipo a Robinson Crusoe adakhala mpikisano woyamba wadziko lonse mu 1888. : 179-181
Mu 1890, H. D. Kendall (H.D. Kendall) Ndidaganiza zopanga bungwe lomwe ntchito zake ndidaziwona
Kuphatikizana ndikuyesayesa kuthandizira kuweta mozama ndi kufufuma kwa ng'ombe zamtchire ku America, kusunga ukhondo wamtunduwu, kukonza zabwino za ziweto zam'deralo, komanso kuthetsa tsankho losayenera lomwe lidalipo m'maganizo a anthu pokhudzana ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri uwu wa agalu. : 181-182
Kubadwa kwa American Bulldog Club (Kalabu ya bulldog ya am America, ICA) idachitika pa Epulo 1, 1890 ku Mekanix Hall, ku Boston. Poyamba, okonda bulldog amayang'ana kwambiri muyezo wa English Bulldog Club, koma kale mu 1891 m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa American Club J.H. Matthews (J. H. Matthews) adaganizira mtundu wa kapangidwe kake. Kusintha kwawo kunali kocheperako ndipo mamembala amakalabu adakana zomwe a Matthews adapereka. Abwerera kufunso mu 1896, muyeso wa Chingerezi unkawoneka kuti watha ntchito komanso osamveka bwino, ndipo bungwe lomwe lidapangidwa mwapadera lidavomereza, American Bulldog Standard, yomwe, pofotokoza pang'ono, ikugwira ntchito ku United States ndipo pano: 182.
Kwanthawi yayitali, kuswana kwa agogo ogulitsa agalu kunapumira pamalonda opambana ndi opanga abwino kwambiri ochokera ku England ndi cholinga chodzapambana paziwonetsero zamayiko ena ndikupeza ana osankhika. Posakhalitsa atakhazikitsa kalabu ya bulldog, R. B. Sawyer (R. B. Sawyer) adatumiza ma bulldogs atatu odziwika: wamwamuna Harper (Harperkuchokera kwa ngwazi Royal Monarch) ndi Chithunzi cha Graven chachikazi (Chithunzi cha miyala) ndi Holly Zowopsa (Chiwopsezo cha Holly) : 182 Harper mu 1891 adakhala woyamba kukhala ndi imodzi mwa makapu awiri asiliva odziwika bwino omwe adaperekedwa ku BCA - Parke Cup (chaka chotsatira adasinthidwa kuti Grand Trophy). Chikho chachiwiri chotere chinali Sawyer Cup, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi mwini Harper. Pa makapu olembedwa ndi maina a opambana ndi mayina a omwe ali nawo.
Pambuyo pa izi, I.D. Morgan adabweretsa mpikisano wa Chingerezi Pathfinder ndi Salenny (amene amawaganizira bwino kwambiri panthawiyi): 182. Chaka cha 1893 chinali chofunikira pa kuzika kwa mitundu ku United States. Chiwerengero chofunsira kutenga nawo mbali pa New York Exhibition chachulukitsidwa poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha, kugula kwazinthu zambiri zapamwamba kudapangidwa ndi obereketsa agalu aku America: Champions Heath Lordship (Ukulu wake), A King Orry (Mfumu orry), Boswain. Mu 1894, ku New York, malo oyamba amapita ku Heath Lordship wamwamuna, wachiwiri kwa a King King wamkazi, wachitatu kwa King Orry. : 185 Chidwi ndi bulldogs chidakhazikika; chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana, wandale Richard Crocker adadziwonetsa yekhaRichard Croker), wamkulu wa Tammany Hall. Zina mwa zomwe adagula panali a Petramoss ndi Persimmon, komanso Beat wa Bluff, Little Whitch ndi agalu ena. : 189 Koma tanthauzo lenileni lidapangidwa ndi zomwe amapeza osewera a Bromley Crib (Bromley crib, mu 1900 kwa $ 800), ndipo makamaka Rodney Stone (wa $ 1000 mu 1901, yomwe panthawiyo mtengo wamakanema udalipira bulldog): 187, 189.
Wodziwika bwino kwambiri wachingerezi yemwe amachokera ku America ku 1890s, akatswiri ambiri amazindikira kuti Male Hand Dan (Dona wokongola): 183. Chipolopolo ichi, "mtanda pakati pa wopanga ndi chikhomo cholowetsa nyanga" [comm. 8] idagulidwa ndi Mngelezi Andrew B. Graves (Andrew B. Manda) kuchokera kwa eni ake am'mbuyomu, munthu wakuda, mu 1889 $ 65. Graves adaphunzira ku Yale ndikusewera timu yake ya mpira. Manja Dan adakhala yunivesite, mwina wopanga woyamba ku America wa maphunziro apamwamba. Panali mwambo usanayambe masewera a mpira ndi baseball a timuyi kuti amasule Dani pamunda kuti awolokere. Atamaliza maphunziro, a Graves adabwerera ku England, ndikusiya Dani m'manja mwa mchimwene wake. Pa moyo wake wonse, Dani adapambana mphoto zoposa 30 pazowonetsera zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo malo oyamba ku Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. Mu 1897, Dan adalumikizananso ndi mbuye wake, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi adamwalira ku England. Komabe, ophunzirawo komanso omvera anali okonda mascot amoyo kotero kuti mu 1933 zidasankhidwa kuti zitsitsimutsenso mwambowu poyambitsa "udindo" ndi manja a Dan. Mascot a Yale lero ndi khumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi motsatana.Bulldogs yakhala imodzi mwamascot odziwika kwambiri aku US University komanso akatswiri azamasewera akatswiri.
Bitch Charles J. Hopton (Charles G. Hopton) L’Ambadors (L'Amassadeur) adakhala woyamba kuwereketsa ng'ombe ku America kuti apambane chiphaso kudziko lakuthengo, ku England. Kuti achite nawo ziwonetsero, adawoloka Atlantic koposa nthawi khumi mu 1896-1901, mwina kukhala bulldog woyendayenda kwambiri m'mbiri. Chifukwa cha kupambana kumeneku, a Hopton adalandira mphotho ya The Deal Trophy Cup, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi Richard Crocker. Zaka zambiri pambuyo pake, Hopton adasinthira Cup la BCA, ndipo mphothoyo idasinthidwa Rodney Trophy.
Mu 1904, ndalama ndi zofunika zazikulu ku American Bulldog Club zidathandizidwa. Pambuyo pake, bungweli lidavomerezedwa ndi American Kennel Club (Kalabu yaku kenneth yaku America, ACK), monga "mayi" ku magulu ena onse a bulldog mdziko muno. M'chaka chomwecho, zidalengezedwa kuti agalu omwe amasintha maonekedwe osinthika ndikuwongola thupi samaloledwa pazowonetsa. : 194 Atavomerezedwa ndi AKC, gulu la ICA poyamba lidakhumudwitsa kuyesa kukhazikitsa makalabu ena a bulldog, pofuna kupitiliza kuyang'anira gulu ladziko lokha la mtundu wake. Mabungwe oyankha anali atakanidwa, zomwe zinayambitsa kukangana kwakukulu, komwe kumapeto kwake kunazindikiritsa kuti Philadelphia Bulldog Club mu 1907. Nthawi yomweyo, mabungwe ena angapo, monga Chicago Bulldog Club ndi American Bulldog Breeders Association of America, adakanidwa kulembetsa. Chifukwa chake, kuyambira pano kupitilira, ziwonetsero ziwiri zapadera zapachaka zidachitika ku USA - ku New York ndi Philadelphia. : 194
Mu 1914, zosinthika zidasinthidwa ku mtundu wadziko - "mphuno ya Dudley" (mphuno yopanda mtundu kapena kuperewera) idayesedwa ngati chilema. : 194
Kukaniza kufutukuka kwa BCA kwa bulldog club network kukupitilirabe. Mwambiri, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, ntchito ya bungwe lino chifukwa cha kutha kwawo nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa ndi zovuta komanso zonamizira zachinyengo, kugawa mopatsa mphoto pazionetsero, komanso kukana kwa mabungwe kuti alembetse pansi pazoyambira kale.
Philadelphia Club, ngakhale idazindikiridwa, idatha kukhala membala wokangalika pa bungwe limodzi mu 1912. Pambuyo poyesera kosalephera, mu 1916 a Chicago Bulldog Club adaloledwa kuchita chiwonetsero chawo. Mu 1923, Pacific Coast Club idalandiranso chilolezo chomwecho. Nthawi yomweyo, Chicago Club idakanikidwanso pempho loti alowine. Pakati pa 1920s, ziwonetsero zinayamba kuchitika m'dziko lonselo. Mu 1928, makalabu ku Detroit, Buffalo ndi Maryland adadziwika. Kuyambira 1941, BCA idasiya kupatsa Grand Trophy ndi Sawyer Cups, ndikuwatumiza ku banki kuti ikasungidwe, popeza nthawi zina amawonetsa zochitika paphwando. Bungwe la BCA National Champion Breeder / Mwini / Handler likupatsabe Rodney Trophy Cup.
Mu 1948, chisankho chinapangidwanso kuti akonzenso BCA, yomwe inamalizidwa ndi 1950, motsogozedwa ndi bungwe lotsogozedwa ndi D.M. Livingston (wochokera ku Pennsylvania). Zolemba zatsopano za malamulo ndi malamulo zidakonzedwa molingana ndi momwe ntchito za BCA zidalumikizirana bwino ndi AKC. Pa February 13, 1950, maziko a bungweli akhazikitsidwa adalengezedwa ndi mavoti awiri mwa atatu a mamembala ake. Tsopano American Bulldog Club inali ndi nthambi zisanu ndi ziwiri (kenako zisanu ndi zitatu), iliyonse yomwe inkatsogolera ndi purezidenti. Kalabu ya makolo idatsogozedwa ndi khonsolo yosankhidwa ndi utsogoleri. Zowonetsera zazikulu za BCA tsopano zidachitika m'malo osiyanasiyana mdzikolo, yemwe anali woyamba kuwonetsa mu 1949 anali Indiana Bulldog Club. Ndondomekozi zathandizira kubereketsa ku United States, ndipo BCA yatsatirabe mpaka pano. : 211
Kuyambira kasupe wa 1972, BCA yakhala ikusindikiza magazini yapadera kotala kotchedwa The Bulldogger, yomwe imagawidwa kwa mamembala amakalabu, komanso oweruza ndi ena ena omwe akufuna.
Payokha, ndikofunikira kutchula zakutsogolo kwa mtunduwu ku Hawaii. Dera lino la US lili pamtunda wa 3700 km kuchokera kumpoto kwa dzikolo, komabe, Hawaii ndi amodzi mwa malo a bulldog wotchuka wachingelezi. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, kalabu ya bulldog idapangidwa kumeneko mu 1939, ndipo mu 1945 chiwonetsero chawo choyamba chidachitika.Mpaka pakati pa ma 1950 iwo amachitika chaka chilichonse, koma kenako kalabuyo idayenera kuchotsedwa. Mu 1952, zolembedwa zingapo za masewerawa zidalembedwa ku Hawaii, kuposa mtundu wina uliwonse. Mu 1969, ndi zoyesayesa za mabanja khumi, kalabuyo idatsitsimuka, mu 1973 chiwonetsero choyambirira cha chiphatso cha AKC chidachitika. Kuyambira pamenepo, akhala akuchita chaka chilichonse, agalu pafupifupi 15 amaimiridwa pachionetsero chilichonse. Chiwerengero chochepa cha omwe amafunsira zimawavuta kusankha opambana. Kuitanitsa agalu atsopano ndikovuta chifukwa chakakamizidwe kamasiku okwanira 120 a nyamayo m'ndende inayake yapadera, zomwe mkati mwake mumalipira mwini wake. Ngakhale izi, bulldogian ambiri aku Hawaii amachokera ku kontrakitala kapena ku England. : 241-245
America ndiyo msika waukulu wa bulldogs omwe atumizidwa kuchokera ku UK. Pafupifupi kotala ya akatswiri achingelezi omwe amatumizidwa ku England amakhala ku United States. Kuphatikiza pa United States, ku America, ntchito yofufuza za bulldog ndi zowonetsa imakhazikitsidwa ku Mexico ndi Canada. Mexico, mosiyana ndi United States ndi Canada, ili pakati pa mayiko mamembala a FCI, ndipo pali mtundu wamba wamitundu yonse. Ngakhale pali kusiyana kwake kuchokera kuyezo wa US, ziwonetsero zaku Mexico ku gombe la Pacific ndizodziwikiranso ndi eni agalu ochokera ku United States. Canada nthawi zina imatumizira othamanga ku England. : 231
Ku America, bulldogs adaphunzitsidwanso kusaka akapolo othawa, koma ndi kuwonongedwa kwa ukapolo mwambo mwapang'onopang'ono unazimiririka lokha.
Russia
Bulldogs adasungidwanso ku Russia. Pamodzi ndi a Medel, adatenga nawo gawo pazazunza zimbalangondo, ku Moscow kuzunzidwa kotero kunachitika kunja kwa chipinda cha Rogozh, mpaka mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma 19 anali oletsedwa. Ankasunganso ziweto ngati ziweto. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, mtunduwu udaletsedwa mwachinsinsi ku Soviet Russia pofika 1923, monga zimatsimikiziridwa ndi "bourgeois". Chidwi ndi mtundu wa Russia womwe udatsitsimuka mu 1980s, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kutchuka kudabwera mchaka cha 1990-95. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, chidwi cha bulldogs chikadali chambiri, koma chikhalidwe cha kubereka makamaka chatsala kumayiko aku Europe ndi America.
Maiko ena
Ku Europe, pakati pa atsogoleri mwa kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa agalu agalu: Spain, Italy, m'zaka zaposachedwa, Hungary yakhala pamalo abwino.
Ma bulldogs achingelezi ndi otchuka m'maiko ena apadziko lapansi, makamaka ku Japan ndi South Africa. Ku Japan, chiwerengero cha bulldogred thorred chakhala chikukwera mosatha kwa zaka makumi angapo. A Japan amagula ochepa ku England kuposa aku America, koma ali ofunitsitsa kulipira iwo kuposa wina aliyense padziko lapansi, molimba mtima kutenga malo achiwiri pamsika. Mu 2006, mu buku la Chingerezi la The Bulldog, mwa malo 150 otchulidwapo padziko lonse lapansi, 40 anali Achi Japan.
South African Bulldog Club mwina inali yachitatu kukula kwambiri m'mbiri nthawi yomwe idakhazikitsidwa, atatengera Chingerezi ndi America. Idakhazikitsidwa mu 1908 motsogozedwa ndi Dr. Curry (Dr. Currie), ndipo mpikisano woyamba udachitika mu 1913.
Miyezo yobadwira
Mitundu yoyamba ya mtundu wa 1865 - Filo-Kuonsky - imalipira chidwi kwambiri ku mikhalidwe ya bulldog yomwe imakhudza mwachangu kugwira galu mu mphete. Magawo onse a bulldog omwe afotokozedwamo ndi othandiza kwambiri. Mutu waukulu wokhala ndi phokoso lalifupi komanso lalifupi komanso utakhazikika pachiwono zinali malo akulu kwambiri ndipo unalola kuti bulldog atsekereze ng'ombe. Nthawi yomweyo, mphuno idakankhira kumbuyo idalola kuti galu apume momasuka, ndipo magazi amphongo amphongo adatsikira m'miyendo pankhope ndikuyenda pansi, osadzaza maso ndi mphuno. Chifukwa chakufupikika, galuyo amatha kugwedezeka nthawi yomweyo, ndikugwetsa nyanga za ng'ombeyo. Kulemera kwake sikunali kocheperako - kotero kuti ng'ombeyo idamva, ndikuyesera kuti athetse katunduyo, adatopa msanga. Koma kulemera kwambiri, kumbali imodzi, kumachepetsa kutsegula kwa bulldog, ndipo, kumbali inayo, sikungamusiyitse iye kuti akhalebe pa nkhope ya ng'ombeyo, galuyo amagwa pansi pa mapazi ake ndi kachinthu kakang'ambika mano ake. : 137-138
Ndizosadabwitsa kuti olemba Philo-Kuon mwatsatanetsatane amasankha mawonekedwe ovomerezeka a makutu kapena mchira wa bulldog Wachingerezi. Makutu akhale otero kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti agwire galu yemwe akutsitsa ng'ombe, kuti mawonekedwe ake akhoza kukhala pafupifupi aliyense: duwa, mphukira, kapena semi-tulip. Ndipo mchira uyenera kukhala wautali komanso wowonda kuyambira kumunsi mpaka kumapeto, ndipo chifukwa chake ndi wokulirapo, kuti polumidwa, bulldog atha kutsimikizika kuti uchotsedwa kunkhondo. Pakadali pano, zolemba izi zimayang'aniridwa mwachidwi. Mchira wa bulldog wapano Wachingerezi uyenera kukhala waufupi, ndipo mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakutu, mtundu wa rose ndiwofunikira kwambiri. Ngakhale mchira kapena makutu nthawi iliyonse siyimilira. : 61.74
M'malemba a Philo-Kuon muyezo, "abwino", mwanjira zosiyanasiyana, zojambula m'manda zomwe zikujambulidwa mu utoto wotchuka zimatchulidwa kawiri. Bukuli limaperekedwa kumbuyo kwa Rosa wachikazi: 88, ndipo Mpira wamwamuna amakhala ndi mchira wachitsanzo. : 87-88 Mchitidwe wotere, kutenga ngati chitsogozo oyimira odziwika a mtundu wakale, adakanidwa pambuyo pake. Idasinthidwa ndikulingalira kofuna nkhondo yabwino kwambiri yamtsogolo, zomwe zidatsimikizira kupitiliza kwa kubereka. : 53
Pakadali pano, kwa bulldogs, monga mitundu ina yambiri, pali miyezo ingapo. M'mayiko opitilira 80 a dziko lapansi, mabungwe azachipembedzo omwe amaphatikizidwa mu FCI (kuphatikiza ku Russia), muyezo wa International Cynological Federation ukugwira ntchito (FCI No. 149 ya 04/16 / 2004). M'mudzi wakubala, ku UK, muyezo wa dziko la English Kennel Club umagwira. Miyezo yomwe ilipo mu maiko ena omwe si a FCI, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri ku USA ndi Canada. Miyezo yonseyi yonse siyikutsutsana, chifukwa imapitilira muyeso wa Philo-Kuon wa 1865 ndipo, mulimonse, itsatira kalata yake, kupatula mfundo zochepa zomwe zasinthidwa kwazaka zoposa zana za mbiri yakale. : 93 Kuphatikiza apo, muyezo wa Philo-Kuon unathandizidwa, chifukwa mulibe zofotokozera za zolemba zina, kapena malongosoledwewa adangotchulidwa. Mwachitsanzo, muyezo wa 1865 sanena chilichonse chakuwoneka ngati malupanga ndi mano a bulldog, mowoneka bwino, ngakhale ndiwofatsa, amafotokozera chifuwa chake ndi thupi lonse, komanso samayendetsa kayendedwe koyenera ka galu, amangonena kuti ayenera kukhala "mfulu" . Mu mitundu yakumapeto kwa muyeso, mipata iyi yadzazidwa.
Ziweto za mtundu ndi zofunika za muyezo
Malinga ndi gulu la FCI, a Bulldogs achingelezi ali m'gulu lachiwiri (zikhomo ndi ma schnauzers, molosses, agalu a ng'ombe aku Swiss ndi mitundu ina), gawo 2.1 (agalu ngati molosses ndi mastiffs). Ntchito ngati chitetezoKukaniza ndi galu Wothandizana naye) Ntchito zoyeserera ndi mtundu uwu sizikuchitika. FCI obereketsa nambala No. 149 ya 04.16.2004 imapereka zotsatirazi zomwe zikuwonetsa kunja ndi momwe akuchitira bulldogs:
Bulldog ndi tsitsi lowoneka bwino, wamtali, waung'ono, wamphamvu komanso wopangika. Mutu ndi wokulirapo, koma osapanga chiwonetsero chokhala ndi kusalinganika, malo ake oyang'ana kutsogolo ali ofanana ndi kukula kwa galu. Miyendo ndi yolimba, yolimba, yamphamvu kwambiri. M'mawonekedwe akutsogolo, mabwalo awiri ofanana amatha kusiyanitsidwa: kufotokozedwa kuzungulira mutu ndikulemba pakati pa kutsogolo ndi chifuwa. Miyendo yakumbuyo ndi yayitali komanso yolimba, yopepuka pang'ono kuposa kutsogolo.
Thupi limakhala lalifupi, lokhazikika. Khosi limakhala lakuda kwambiri, lakuya komanso lolimba, lomwe ndi mzere wowongoka. Kumbuyo kuli kachifupi, kwamphamvu ("sewerolo"), m'mimba mwamphamvu. Mchirawo ndi waufupi, wotsika, wowongoka kapena wowongoka.
Kunja kwa English Bulldog. Makulidwe akulu.
Phokoso laling'ono, lalifupi, lokwera m'mwamba, kuyambira ngodya ya diso mpaka pakona pakamwa kwambiri. Nsagwada ndizotakataka, zazikulu, lalikulu, lalitali. Mabala anali akuda, akuzama, achikazi, owoneka kwambiri, ophimba nsagwada yam'munsi mbali zonse ziwiri.Maso akamawona kuchokera kutsogolo amatsitsidwa, kutali ndi makutu, komanso motalikirana kwambiri. Makutu ali pambali, kutali kwambiri ndi maso, ang'ono ndi owonda, okhala m'mwamba, makamaka atapachikidwa pamatumbo (monga "rose").
Utoto ukhoza kukhala wa mitundu mitundu (tiger, yofiira ndi yoyera, etc.), monophonic (yoyera, yofiyira, yofiira pamitundu yosiyanasiyana, yofiyira kapena yofiirira, achikuda ndi zina zotere) kapena zovuta - mtundu umodzi wokhala ndi chigoba chakuda kapena nkhope yakuda.
Kulemera kwabwino kwa amuna ndi 25 makilogalamu, kulumikizana - 23 kg.
Kuyenda kwa bulldog ndikovuta, kolemera, sitepe ndiyifupi, mwachangu. Miyendo yakumbuyo imatsala pang'ono kukwera ndipo, titero, imayandama pamwamba pa nthaka, mapewa akusunthira kutsogolo. Zikuwoneka kuti galu akuyenda "pa tiptoe".
Muyezo umaphatikizapo zoperewera zakuda kapena zamtundu, mphuno yamkati yopanda utoto, mphuno zamkati zimapachikika, mchira wotsekeka, mavuto a kupuma, komanso kupatuka pakuchita: kukwiya kapena mantha.
Pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana pakati pa akatswiri pazokhudza galu yemwe amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wa agalu pafupi kwambiri ndi abwino. Komabe, chidutswa chabwino kwambiri cha bulldog nthawi zonse, ambiri amaganiza kuti Roseville Blaze (Roseville kuyaka) - Champ. England koyambirira kwa zaka za XX. : 53, 134
Ngakhale zimagwirizana ndi mitundu yonse yomwe ilipo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakunja imasankhidwa m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Ku Europe, mtundu wamtundu wa Chingerezi ukutsogolera, pomwe ku America kuwonekera kwambiri kwama bulldogs kumavomerezedwa - pamakhala mitundu yambiri pamutu, imatchulidwa kwambiri, pali khungu zambiri, mzere wapamwamba umakhala wowongoka kwambiri. Mosiyana kwambiri ndi ku Europe komanso momwe amagwirira (kuwonetsa galu pa chiwonetserochi).
Zambiri za anatomy ndi physiology
A bulldogs achingerezi ali ndi tsitsi lalifupi: agalu a 55 (ubweya wopanda undercoat: 302), otchulidwa ngati magulu apakatikati apamwamba (kutalika 50-55 cm): 52, koma ndizovuta kwambiri kwa mitundu yotere: 34. Mtundu wazowonjezera - zotayirira (zopanda pake). : 59
Pakupangika kwa mtundu, galu adatembenukira kumkangano kukhala wokongoletsa, womwe udakwaniritsidwa ndikuwonjezera zochita za mtundu woyambirira: kuwonjezeka kwa mutu, kufupikitsa muzzle, thupi ndi miyendo, kukula kwa nthawi yawo, kuwonjezeka kwa khola la khungu, ndi zina zotere. chifukwa chazinthu zazachilengedwe, katundu pa kulemera kwa bulldog imagwera makamaka pamafupa a miyendo, koma paminofu. Thupi la bulldog "limapachikika" pa iwo galu akangoyima kapena kuyenda, chifukwa chake bulldogs imapeza msempha wochulukirapo. Nthawi yomweyo, bulldogs imatopa, imakhala ndi kupuma movutikira, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mavuto ndi mtima wamtima. : 34 Bulldog amafunikira kupumula kwambiri ndi kugona kuti azichita zinthu zofunika kwambiri mthupi, zomwe, ngati boma ndi zakudya sizitsatiridwa, nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, zomwe zimabweretsa katundu wamkulu pamtima ndi chiwindi ndipo, pamapeto pake, kukalamba msanga komanso kufupikitsa moyo chinyama. : 34
Chifukwa cha brachycephaly wamphamvu komanso thupi lopanikizika, ma bulldog ali ndi njira zazifupi kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, zimakonda kuzizira ndipo zimakonda kwambiri kutentha kwambiri. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimapangitsa kufa kwa bulldog ndi kutentha kwa sitiroko. : 276 Nyengo yotentha yokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri ndiyowopsa kwa bulldog, imayamba kupuma kwambiri, "puff", ndipo ngati izi zikupitilira kwa masiku angapo, zimatha kubweretsa edema. Chinsinsi chowoneka bwino kapena chithovu chimayamba kudziunjikira pakhosi, chomwe galu sayembekeza, chomwe chimapangitsa kupuma kukhala kovuta kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, bulldog amatha kukomoka ndikufa. Ngati bulldog kamodzi adapulumuka chifukwa cha kutentha, ndiye kuti imayamba kuzindikira kwambiri kutentha. Zotsatira zachiwiri zazifupi kwambiri za ma bulldogs ndikumangolira maloto.
Bulldog ndi mtundu wokhawo wa agalu omwe oimira, monga lamulo, amabadwa chifukwa cha gawo laesesan. Izi ndichifukwa choti zidutswa zambiri zimavutika kubala mwachilengedwe.Mutu wa ana agalu samadutsa mu chimbudzi cha chiberekero, chifukwa malingana ndi mtundu wa mbewa ya ntchentche yabwino iyenera kukhala yopapatiza. Kuphatikiza apo, bulldogs ndizosangalatsa, ndipo ngakhale kubereka kwabwinobwino sikungabweretse kutulutsa kwamtundu wina wa zinthu zina kumaloko komwe mukufuna. : 302-303 Ngati mwana woyamba kubadwa mu nyansi yokhala ndi ululu wa pelvic kapena ali ndi mutu waukulu komanso lamba wokulirapo, ndiye kuti, pomupatsa mphamvu zake zonse, chidacho sichingathe kubala ena onse: 297. Nyaniyo imangoyang'ana chingwe chake modzidzimutsa, koma chifukwa chosakoka, imatha kugwedezeka mwamphamvu kwa iye, kenako kamwana kanayamba kudutsa matendawa. : 294 Njira yodalirika yopewera ngozi zonsezi ndi kukhala ndi gawo la cesarean. Pakadali pano, ndi 6% yokha ya malupanga a bulldog omwe ndi agalu palokha. : 303
Mwa zina mwa matenda wamba a bulldogs:
Kutalika kwa moyo wa bulldog wachingerezi ndi zaka 8-10, zomwe ndizochepera kuposa za agalu amitundu yambiri, koma zimafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa moyo wa otsalira a molosses (omangika, omata, olemba nkhonya). Ndi chibadwa chabwino komanso kusamalira bwino, bulldog imatha kukhala ndi zaka 12-16.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
A Bulldogs achingerezi ndi agalu odekha, osamala komanso abwino: 34, oyenerera kusungidwa m'nyumba kapena nyumba yamayiko. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha phlegmatic, sizimayambitsa zovuta kwa eni akewo komanso sizikhala pachiwopsezo kwa ana aang'ono, muzigwirizana bwino ndi ziweto zina.
Bulldogs safunikira katundu: safunikira kuyenda nthawi yayitali kapena kuthamanga, m'malo mwake, kulimbikira kwenikweni sikulimbikitsidwa kwa bulldogs. Bulldog imaphatikizidwa ndi nyumba yake, malo omwe amakonda kwambiri mnyumbayo, kwa mbuye wake. Nthawi zina amatchedwa "agalu aulesi" kapena "agalu osungira-pansi." Kusamalira tsitsi ndi misomali sikovuta, koma kuyenera kukhala kokhazikika. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyeretsa ndikutsuka makatani pazizindikiro ndi pansi pa mchira, womwe umatha kupindika komanso kukanikizidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri mpaka thupi la galu kuti musatulutsidwe zikutupa m'malo ano ndikukula kwa matenda. Nthawi zina, mafuta apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zakudya za Bulldog ziyenera kukhala zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zina zogaya zomwe sizitsogolera pakupanga mafuta - malinga ndi muyezo, bulldog sayenera kukhala wandiweyani, koma wamphamvu komanso wamphamvu.
Ngati mwininyumbayo akufuna kuwonetsera bulldog yake ndikuyembekeza kupambana naye pazowonetsera, galuyo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa. Kuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku mumlengalenga watsopano (mpaka 2 km), kusamala mosamala, kusamalira zibwano, maso, makutu, makutu akhungu - makamaka pankhope, ndikofunikira. Maphunziro agalu amafunikira. Bulldogs amaphunzira malamulo atsopano osati mwachangu, koma modalirika. Ndikofunikira kuzolowera bulldog kukhala phokoso komanso unyinji wa anthu ndi agalu kuti asasokonezedwe pawonetsero. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kumuthamangitsa nthawi zonse kumalo omwe amakhala pafupi kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuti bulldog azitha kuyenda modekha ndikuyenda mozungulira pamalopo, mosatengera kuti ndani akuitsogolera - mwini kapena wakunja. Pawonetsero, bulldogs amapikisana kunja ndi kumvera, samapatsidwa katundu. : 271-274
Komabe, zomwe zili bulldogs zili ndi mawonekedwe ake ndipo zimafuna udindo waukulu. Chovuta chachikulu pakusunga ndi kubereka bulldogs ndi chiopsezo chawo. Zimachitika kuti ana agalu amayamba kuvutika ndi kutentha kwambiri mkati mwa ola limodzi atabadwa. Potere, zimayikidwa thaulo lonyowa, ndikamaonetsetsa kuti palibe zolemba. Tizilombo tating'ono tating'ono (kuyambira milungu iwiri mpaka itatu) titha kuyikamo m'bokosi mbale ya madzi oundana, kotero kuti kachiromboka kanakwawira komweko ngati kuli kofunikira kapena kwasokera kwa iyo. : 275 Mukamayenda ndi galu, makamaka chilimwe mgalimoto, muyenera kutenga mapaketi oundana ndi inu, kuti pazizindikiro zoyambirira zizikhala zokutira ayenera kukulunga bulldog. Pamwambapa 30 ° C, galuyo amayenera kusungidwa m'chipinda chozizira kapena chipinda chamagetsi. Ndi zizindikiro za kutentha kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa kapena kutsuka khosi la galu kuti asatulutsane kutulutsa nthawi. Ngati pali zizindikiro za kutentha kwam'mimba (kukomoka, kugwedezeka), muyenera kufunsa dokotala wofufuza zanyama, kuchitira chithandizo chodzidzimutsa nokha kuli pachiwopsezo, galu amatha kufa. : 276
Chifukwa cha zodabwitsa za kutulutsa kwa bulldogs, kubadwa kwa akazi ndi njira yovuta. Ambiri mwa ma batire oyenda mozungulira amalandila gawo la caesarean. : 303 Nthawi zambiri zimachitika ngakhale pa nthawi yomwe zovuta pakubereka sizikuyembekezeredwa, kuti zisayike ana pachiwopsezo ndi amayi awo. Mbusa wodziwa zambiri yekha amatha kubereka yekha, ndipo pokhapokha ngati kubadwa kumeneku sikuli koyambirira kwa mbewa, ndipo mawonekedwe onse a maphunziro awo amadziwika bwino. Koma ngakhale pamenepo, atabadwa bwino, galu ayenera kuwonetsedwa kwa veterinarian. Komabe, akukhulupirira kuti kachilombo kamene kali ndi udani paokha kamamvetsera kwambiri ana ake. : 297
Kudyetsa ana agalu kumatha kukhala vuto lalikulu ngati amayi awo alibe mkaka wokwanira. Zikatero, ana amatha kudyetsedwa ndi nyanga, botolo la chidole, syringe yokhala ndi nipple pa, kapena chubu (catheter, probe). Wobereketsa wotchuka waku America komanso wolemba mabuku azakale za bulldogs Bailey S. Haines amalimbikitsa kudyetsa ana agalu pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya "kumizidwa", pomwe mwana wagalu amangoyikidwa mumbale yokhala ndi phula lamadzi la oatmeal mkaka. Poterepa, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mwana wa mimbuluyo asatsamwitse phala. Ana agalu amamvetsetsa zomwe zimafunikira kwa iwo, ndikuyamba kuyamwa phala, choyamba kumiza kumaso kwawo ndikusuntha kosuntha, kenako amaphunzira kuyamwa. Pambuyo podyetsa, mwana wa galu amapatsidwa kwa cholumikizira, ndipo iye amamuyamwa. Njirayi ndi yofunikira makamaka pakakhala ana agalu ambiri mu zinyalala, ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri kudyetsa aliyense payekhapayekha. : 311-317
Mwambiri, ma bulldogs achingerezi amadalira kwambiri anthu kuposa agalu ena. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kawo, mwachitsanzo, sangathe kudzimangiriza, amafunika kupukutidwa pafupipafupi. Akatswiri amayerekezera zomwe zili bulldog ndi zomwe mwana amakonda, zomwe zimadalira kwathunthu makolo awo.
Kufunika kwa mtundu muzobereketsa agalu ndikuwatsutsa
Kufunika kwa bulldog ya Chingerezi pakusinthanitsa agalu ndizovuta kuzimvetsetsa. Mwazi wake umayenda m'mitsempha yama bulldog ena: Chifalansa, America ndi mitundu ingapo yamayiko omwe sadziwika ndi FCI. Pakati pa mbadwa za bulldog pamakhala wina wotchuka kwambiri - nkhonya waku Germany, yemwe amakhala ku Munich chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800.
Malo apadera m'mbiri ya mtunduwu amakhala ndi kuyesa kudutsa ma bulldogs ndi ma terriers kuti mupeze agalu omwe amaphatikiza zomwe zimagwira bwino kwambiri zonse ziwiri. : 47 Oyamba otchuka a ng'ombe-ndi-oyamba kutchuka m'masewera amwazi, adawoneka koyambirira kwa zaka za XIX. Katswiri wawo anali kumenya makoswe ambiri mwachangu (kukhathamiritsa), kuyala mabatani ("m'bokosi" ndi "mfulu") ndikumenya agalu, komwe ng'ombe-zazing'ombe sizinkalingana. : 39 Komabe, agalu onsewa anali akulu kukula komanso amakunja; sanali mtundu m'lingaliro lamakono la mawu, koma mtundu wa agalu omenyera.Kugwirizana kumeneku kunapangidwa ndi James Hinks wa ku Birmingham, kupezeka mu 1862 anatulutsa ng'ombe yoyera yoyera. Matendawa adapezeka chifukwa cha kuyesa kwazaka zambiri, komwe, kuphatikiza pa English Bulldog ndi White English Terrier, a Dalmatia adachitapo kanthu. Dongosolo lakunja la ng'ombe-ndi-terrier, yomwe English Staffordshire Bull Terrier imawonetsedwa kuti ndi wobadwa mwachindunji masiku ano, yasinthidwa: choyambirira, chifukwa cha kutalika kwa muzzle ndi thupi, komanso kuchotsa kwa zikwatu za pakhungu. Ku England, ng'ombe yonyamula ng'ombe nthawi yomweyo idakhala yapamwamba ndipo sinali yocheperapo potchuka ndi bulldog. Chitsanzo china cha kugawanika bwino pakati pa bulldog ndi terrier ndi American Boston Terrier, yomwe idawoneka nthawi yomweyo ndikugulitsa ng'ombe.
Kuphatikiza apo, agalu ochokera ku gulu lotchedwa pit bull gulu ndi mbadwa za Bulldog ya Chingerezi. Kuphatikiza pa English Staffordshire Bull Terrier, ndizachikhalidwe kuphatikiza American Staffordshire Terrier ndi American Pit Bull Terrier, omwe ali ndi ubale wapafupifupi ndi bulldog, ku gulu ili. : 138
Komabe, mitundu yonseyi yodziwika bwino ya agalu imayambira mbiri yakale kuchokera ku Old English bulldogs cha m'ma 19 century, kapena kuchokera kwa oyimira kale a mtundu wakale wolembetsedwa, kapena kuchokera ku mtundu wina wamkati womwe umachokera ku Old English bulldog, monga zimakhalira ndi mtundu waku America. Pafupifupi pambuyo pa kulembetsa amtunduwo, obereketsa (obereketsa) adatsogolera kuyesetsa kwawo konse “kukulitsa” machitidwe ake ofotokozedwa muyezo. Izi zidapangitsa kuti pofika chakumayambiriro kwa zaka zana lotsatira, bulldog wa ku England anali wosiyana kwambiri ndi omwe adayimira mtundu wazaka zapakati pawo. Ngakhale mwamwambo zimafanana ndi zomwe zili muyezo, kuyerekezera zithunzi za bulldogs za ma eras awiriwa sikutsutsa: awa ndi agalu awiri osiyana. Kuchokera pa mtundu "wogwira ntchito", bulldogyo idasandulika yokongoletsera. : 139
Zonsezi zadzetsa kutsutsa kwa mtundu pakati pa okonda agalu ambiri. Zinapezeka kuti kumenyera kwakukuru kwa bulldog kudagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa galu wosiyananso. Bulldog yosinthidwa tsopano yasanduka galu wamtundu, wotchuka kwa eni mbiri yabwino. Kutsutsa kwa mtunduwu kumachokera makamaka ku amateurs omwe akufuna kuwona galu wakale wakale wa bulldog. Amati ma bulldogs adasinthidwa kuswana, kuti zolakwika zawo ndizachilendo kwa galu aliyense, ndipo chifukwa chakuti abulu ambiri amabadwa kudzera mu gawo la Kaisareya, akuwona umboni wakuchoka kwa mtunduwo. Komabe, ambiri omwe ali ndi bulldogs mwanzeru amadzisankhira yekha chiweto chapamwamba chokongoletsera, amatenga limodzi ndi kufooka kwake. Kusintha kwa kutsutsana uku kungakhale kusintha dzina la mtundu wamakono, mwachitsanzo, "English bulldog mapambo." Njira ina ndikubwezeretsanso pang'ono pang'ono momwe chidaliri kale. FCI imatenga magawo kuti athandizire kuswana, koma palibe kuwunika kofunikira pazofunikira zake. Bulldog ya Chingerezi ndi yapamwamba komanso yofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake komanso "kusakhazikika", komwe omwe amatsutsa amatcha "caricature". Ntchito yayikulu yoswana yachitika yomwe singathe kungoleka. Zonsezi zimapereka chifukwa chotsutsira kuti bulldog yaku England mtsogolomu ikhala chimodzimodzi monga momwe iliri tsopano. : 140-141 Ngakhale izi, palibe chomwe chimalepheretsa okonda kuchita zoyesa zawo kuti abweze English bulldog ku mawonekedwe ake akunja ndi mkati, kuyesera kotereku kumachitika. Kupambana kwakukulu pankhaniyi kunakwaniritsidwa ndi David Levitt wa ku Pennsylvania. Mu 1971, Levitt adayamba ntchito yake pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya Dr. Feshimer wa ku Ohio State University, komwe adapanga kuti azitha kukonza ng'ombe.Cholinga cha Levitt chinali kupanga galu yemwe anali wofanana ndi wowoneka bwino komanso wathanzi ku bulldogs weniweni Wachingelezi wazaka za 19, koma wokhala ndi wankhanza kwambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe poyamba imanyamula magazi a bulldogs enieni a Chingerezi idakhala gawo lathandizoli. Izi zoweta zidakhala: English Bulldog - 50%, American Bulldog, Bullmastiff ndi American Pit Bull Terrier - mokwanira 50%. Pambuyo pakuwoloka mosamala kwambiri, Bulldog yamakono ya English English idapangidwa. Mtunduwu umawoneka ngati bulldogs kuchokera zojambula ndi zojambula zakale. Pali kilabu ya okonda zachingelezi zakale za Chingerezi - The Olde English Bulldogge Kennel Club. Mtunduwu ndi wocheperako, pafupifupi sunagawidwe kunja kwa United States ndipo sudziwidwa ndi FCI. : 142 Ma projekiti enanso ofanana ndi awa: Bulldog yaku Australia, Victorian Bulldog, Renaissance Bulldog, Dorset Bulldog, ndi ena - adayamba pambuyo pake kuyesa kwa Levitt ndipo sanatchulidwe konse.