Ngakhale malo ocheperako, chilumba cha Crimea chili ndi malo osiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Mapiri a Steppes amakhalanso m'nkhalango zachilengedwe ndi mapiri. Zinthu zachilengedwe zoterezi ndi zabwino kutukuka kwa zinyama. Anthu ambiri okhala ku Crimea, ndipo nyama zachilengedwe ndizodziwika bwino.
Zina za ziphuphu za ku Crimea
Mapazi osatha amapezeka kumpoto kwa chilumbacho. Mapiri achifwamba adayambira kumpoto mpaka kummawa. Madera akumwera ali mdera lotentha, nyengo yam'maloyi ilipo. Kummawa kumayimiriridwa ndi capes yaying'ono ndi mabatani. Kumadzulo kumatambalala gombe lodziwikiratu. Mitsinje yambiri imakhala bata, nthawi yotentha inanso inauma. Mitundu ya nyama ndi yosauka kuposa momwe mayiko oyandikana nawo amakhala. Komanso, mitundu yambiri yam'madzi imakhala mu Crimea. Izi ndichifukwa chakutalikirana kwa peninsula.
Mapiri a Crimea ndi gombe la Nyanja Yakuda ndi am'madera aku Mediterranean zoogeographic ndipo amadziwika ndi kusapezeka kwa mitundu yambiri yankhalango, komanso kukhalapo kwa mitundu ya Balkan, Middle East, Mediterranean ndi endemic. Zinyama zam'mapiri zamapiri ndizochulukirapo kumapiri a kumpoto kwa Yaila, m'nkhalango zachilengedwe za Crimea, momwe Crus deer (endemic subspecies), Crimea chamois, pine marten, nkhandwe, marten, mole, ndi mitundu ina imakhala.
Zomwe mbalame zimapangidwira zimaphatikizapo akambuku, owala, ma jay, petroics, malo okhala kumapiri, ma buluu, ma chasers ndi mitundu ingapo ya Mediterranean. Mitundu ingapo ya nsomba imapezekanso. Nyama zina, mwachitsanzo, mouflon, mapuloteni, ndi zina. - yowonjezeredwa m'malo otetezedwa a Crimea. Mwa zodzikongoletsera pagombe lakumwera ndi a Crimean gecko, buluzi wa Crimea ndi buluzi wamwala. Omwe akuyimira ma invertebrates ndi cicada, kupemphera mantis, scolopendra, Scorpion Scorpion ndi Crimea wakuda. Mitundu yambiri yamaola obisika a ku Mediterranean nawonso ndiofala. Mwa tizilombo, oimira gulu la diptera amalamulira. Zomera zoyambirira ndi nyama za ku Crimea zimasungidwa bwino m'malo otetezedwa ndi peninsula.
Pansipa pali zithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe achidule a ena oimira nyama zamtchire ku Crimea.
Phiri la kumapiri
Woimira banja la Canine amakhala ku Europe, Asia, Africa, North America. Pa peninsula, nkhandwe imagawidwa chimodzimodzi. Thupi la nkhandwe limafikira 90cm kutalika, ndipo mchira - 50 cm. Unyinji umachokera 2 mpaka 14 kg. Amakhala m'malo obisika: m'miyala yamiyala, m'mphepete mwa mphepo, m'maenje a mitengo, kumiyala ya nyama zina. Zakudya za nyamazo zimaphatikizapo makoswe, mbalame, ndi zipatso zamitengo. Ntchito za nkhandwe zimatengera chakudya. Mbewuyo imawonekera koyambirira kwa Meyi, ndipo pafupi ndi yophukira, kakulidwe kakang'onoko kamayamba kale kudzipatsa chakudya. Pakadali pano, kusaka nkhandwe kumaloledwa, komwe kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zidyamakanda izi, kuchuluka kwa makoswe kukukulira.
Garfish Wakunyanja
Nsomba zimakhala m'madzi ofunda a Nyanja Yakuda ndi Azov. Ali ndi thupi loonda komanso nsagwada. Mtundu wake ndi wobiriwira, kumbuyo kuli mzere wakuda. Wachikulire amalemera pafupifupi 500 g pafupifupi: Kutalika kwa thupi kumasiyana masentimita 50 mpaka 75. Garfish amadya ma sprats, hamsa ndi shrimps. Amathamangitsa nyama yake pogwiritsa ntchito liwiro lalikulu. Izi nsomba sizimangokhala moyo wokhalitsa, ndipo zimangoyendayenda. Kulawa, nsomba zimafanana ndi saury, koma ambiri amachita mantha ndi khungu lake la mafupa ake. Ngakhale izi, nsomba sizipereka poyizoni.
White Marten
Nyama yakudya yomwe imakonda kukhazikika m'nkhalango zowola, m'mapanga, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi m'mapiri. Nthawi zambiri, marten amapezeka m'mapaki a nkhalango ndi nyumba zosiyidwa. Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 40-59 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 1-2 kg. Mbidzi imadyapo timiyala tating'ono, udzu, khungwa la mitengo, bowa ndi mbewa. Nthawi zambiri nyama zimawononga zisa za mbalame. Mbidzi imakhala m'mabowo, kudumpha bwino kuchokera pamtengo kupita pamtengo ndipo imakhala moyo wosangalatsa usiku. Ana agalu amabadwa mu Epulo, ndipo patatha miyezi ingapo amapita kukasaka ndi amayi awo. Adani achilengedwe ndi nkhandwe, nkhandwe, lynx, kadzidzi ndi mphungu.
Squirrel Tele
Poyamba, phula laling'ono limakhala m'nkhalango za Altai, koma zaka makumi atatu zapitazo zidabweretsa ku Crimea. Apa, mapuloteniwo amawonjezera bwino kwambiri. Teleutka imasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya gologolo wamba wamkulu: kutalika kwa thupi lopanda mchira ndi 28 cm, misa nthawi zambiri imaposa 300. Teleutus imasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba m'makutu ndi mchira wowuma, ndipo nthawi yozizira imasintha utoto kuchokera ku wofiirira kukhala waimvi. Amakonzekereratu nkhalango ndi mapaki okhalamo. Agologolo amatha kuthana ndi 3 m nthawi imodzi, kudumpha kuchokera pamtengo kupita pamtengo. M'maenje mumakhala potetezera nyama, zomwe amazipangira mothandizidwa ndi masamba owuma, moss, udzu. M'madera akumatauni, agologolo amakhala m'malo osungirako mbalame. Zakudya ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zimaphatikizapo: mtedza, mbewu za mitengo ya paini, bowa, zipatso ndi zipatso. M'nyengo yotentha, mapuloteni amakhala ndi zakudya zambiri nthawi yozizira. Adani achilengedwe ndi nkhandwe, martens, kadzidzi, kadzidzi ndi mphungu.
Vertebrates
Pachilumba cha Crimea pali mitundu 31 ya nsomba zam'madzi oyera, mitundu ya 116 ya nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi, mitundu 6 ya amphibians, repitles 14, anyani 53 (agulu 18, ndodo 14, maphiri 8, activitore 6, artiodactyls, 3 cetaceans, 2 habbirds), 336 mitundu ya mbalame (kuphatikiza 283 kuswana kapena kupezeka pafupipafupi, palibe mitundu yotsika).
Steppe viper
Njokayo yalembedwa mu Buku Lofiira ngati mtundu wosauka. Nyamayi imakhala kumapiri ndi kumapiri, m'mphepete mwa matupi amadzi, kumapiri a mapiri ndi m'malo opezeka dongo. Thupi ndi lalitali masentimita 50, zazikazi ndizokulirapo kuposa zazimuna. Nkhope yakuthwa ya njoka imakokedwa kutsogolo. Njoka yotsalira ili ndi khungu la bulauni, kumbuyo kwake kuli mawonekedwe a zigzag. Pofunafuna chakudya, chonde chimakonda kukwera panthambi za mitengo ndi zitsamba, kupatula njokayo ikasambira bwino. Chakudya chake ndi tizilombo, abuluzi, anapiye, makoswe ndi achule. Vuto la Viper ndi ngozi kwa ana komanso anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto azaumoyo. Njokayo siziwukira koyamba, motero zochitika zonse zolumidwa zimachitika chifukwa chosasamala kwa munthu. Adani achilengedwe a steppe viper ndi agalu, zodetsa, nsapato za nkhumba, agulugufe, kadzidzi ndi chiwombankhanga.
Ngwazi zachinyengo
Nyama izi ndizophera ku peninsula. Kukula, amasiyana pang'ono ndi mitundu ina ya agwape. Kutalika kwamphongo kwa amuna kufota ndi 1.3-1.6 m, kulemera kumafika 260 kg. Nyanga zazimuna zazing'ono zimafanana, machitidwe amakula mwa anthu akuluakulu. Deer amakonda nkhalango zowerengeka, kusinthana ndi madambo ndi kuyaka kwakwe. Amadya zakudya zam'mera: masamba, masamba, mphukira zazing'ono za mitengo. M'chilimwe, nyama zimawonjezera bowa, zipatso ndi moss pachakudya. Ntchito yayikulu m'miyoyo yamtunduwu imaseweredwa ndi chimanga. Ndi nyengo yozizira, agulu amasamukira ku gombe lakumwera. Nyama zikuluzikulu zilibe adani achilengedwe.
Zomera za Griffon
Mbalame yodya nyama, yomwe ndi ya Atsogoleri achi banja, okhala pagombe lakumwera kwa chilumbacho. Kutalika kwa thupi la dambo ndi masentimita 110, ndipo mapikowo ndi masentimita 250. Mutu wa akulu umakutidwa ndi zoyera, maula ena onse amapaka utoto. Mbalame zimapanga zisa m'miyala yovuta kufikira. Yaikazi imayikira dzira limodzi kumapeto kwa dzinja. Onsewa amatenga nawo gawo pazokolola. Mwana wankhuku amatuluka mchisa ali ndi miyezi itatu. Mikwingwirima ndi mkangaziwisi, maziko a chakudya chawo ndi mitembo ya nyama. Samagwiritsa ntchito khungu ndi tendon, makamaka amadya chiwindi. Mbalameyi siziwombera nyama yamoyo ndipo imatha kufa ndi njala kwanthawi yayitali. Akasaka chakudya, mankhusu amabwerera ku chisa kuti akapumule. Adani achilengedwe ndi akhwangwala, omwe amatha kuwononga mazira ndi anapiye. Tizilombo tating'ono timadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri; Masiku ano, mbalame zimatetezedwa ndi nkhokwe ziwiri za Crimea.
Ma Invertebrates
Ku Crimea, mitundu yoposa 10,000 ya ma invertebrates adadziwika, kuphatikiza mitundu 17 ya meya, mitundu 60 ya chinjoka, mitundu pafupifupi 3000 ya nsikidzi, mitundu yoposa 700 ya nsikidzi, mitundu yoposa zana la orthoptera, mantis 5, mapopa 8, 7 khutu 7, mitundu yopitilira 2,200 ya agulugufe, Pomwe pafupifupi 700 ndi ma scoops ndi mothito, mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya agulugufe amtundu wa kalabu, kuphatikiza Black Sea Marigold ndi mitundu 25 ya SpikledZygaenidae), Mitundu 64 ya njenjete za ana, mitundu 40 ya udzudzu woyamwa magazi, mitundu ya 190 ndi mitundu 55 ya ntchentche zazikazi, mitundu yoposa 500 ya akangaude, mitundu yoposa 110 ya ma mollusks apadziko lapansi (omwe mitundu 19 ndi yopanda matenda). Mwa colembol phanga endemic Arrhopalites karabiensis, Pygmarrhopalites tauricus (Arrhopalitidae).
Hymenoptera akuyimiriridwa, kuphatikiza, ndi magulu oterowo: mitundu 86 ya nyerere (zopitilira 70 kumwera kwa Crimea, mitundu itatu yotsala - Chalepoxenus tauricus, Strongylognathus arnoldii, Plagiolepis karawajewi, mitundu yoposa 50 ya mavu owoneka bwino, mitundu yoposa 100 ya njuchi, mitundu 24 ya njuchi, mitundu 157 ndi mitundu 60 ya kukumba ndi mavu amchenga (Ampulicidae, Sphecidae, Crabronidae), Mitundu 9 ya mavu, mitundu yopitilira 90 ya maula okhala ndi mapiko (kuphatikizapo 1 mtundu Masarinae, Mitundu 76 EumeninaeMitundu itatu Polistinae ndi mitundu 7 Vespinae, komanso okwera, ma sawplies ndi ena.
Coleopterans, kapena kafadala, amaimiridwa ndi magulu otsatirawa (Mosyakin, Puchkov, 2000): kachilomboka pansi (Carabidae) - mitundu 500, barbel (Cerambycidae) - Mitundu 150, kachikumbu ka masamba (Chrysomelidae) - Mitundu 350, lamellar (Scarabaeidae) - Mitundu 145, nsomba zagolide (Buprestidae) - Mitundu 96, kafadalaScolytinae) - Mitundu 81, karapuziki (Histeridae) - Mitundu 62, ma ladybugs (Coccinellidae) - Mitundu 40, matupi ofewa (Cantharidae) - Mitundu 29, nutcrackers (Elateridae) - Mitundu 56, akupera (Anobiidae) - Mitundu 47, zotchingira madzi (Hydrophilidae) - Mitundu 57, yamitundu mitundu (Cleridae) - Mitundu 17, mbewu (mbewu)Bruchidae) - Mitundu 34, humpback (Montellidae) - Mitundu 30, yamdima (Tenebrionidae) - Mitundu 83 ndi ena (mabanja akulu Curculionidae ndi Staphylinidae amafuna kukonzanso). Zina mwazomwe zimatha: Tauride pseudo-phenops, pseudo-phenops a Jacobson.
195 ya mitundu 228 ya tizilombo tokhala mu Red Book of Ukraine (2009) timakhala ku Crimea (yokhala ndi mitundu 45 - yokhayo ku Crimea).
Mitundu yocheperako komanso yotayika
Mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, mimbulu inali yofala ku Crimea. Komabe, malinga ndi zomwe boma likulemba kuchokera kwa atolankhani a Citizan State Committee for Forestry and Hunting, nkhandwe yomaliza ya Crimea idaphedwa mu 1922 pafupi ndi malo otsetsereka a Chatyr-Dag. Mu 2000s, mimbulu idayambanso kulowa mu Crimea kuchokera ku Ukraine. Kotero mu Epulo 2012 m'chigawo cha Krasnogvardeisky m'midzi ya Pyatikhatka ndi Kurgannoye, anthu anayi adavulala chifukwa chogwidwa ndi nkhandwe yodwala matenda a chiwewe.
Nyama zaupandu
Malo a peninsula ndi apadera. Malo atatu okhala nyengo yayitali okhala ndi mitundu yayitali yosiyanasiyana amaimiridwa: piedmont, kotentha kontinenti, subtropical. Kuyandikana kwa Nyanja Zachikuda ndi Azov, Mapiri a Crimea, nyanja 50, mitsinje yopitilira 250 idatsogolera kukhazikitsidwa kwa zomera zachilendo komanso malo okhala nyama zokhazokha, ndiye kuti, akukhala mokhazikika motere.
Crimea imatchedwa Australia yaying'ono chifukwa cha zachilengedwe zake zopezeka mdera laling'ono (pafupifupi 26,000 kilomita).
M'mbuyomu, mbawala ndi nthiwatiwa zinkakhala pachilumbacho. Kusintha kwanyengo kunatsogolera ku kuwoneka kwa nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe za arctic. Ngakhale ofufuza amazindikira ziphuphu za ku Crimea Osauka kuposa madera oyandikana nawo, akuwonetsa kusakanikirana kodabwitsa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zachilengedwe yomwe idasintha malo okhala.
Kutha kwa ziphuphu za a Crimea, malinga ndi akatswiri a zochizira nyama, sikufotokozedwa kokha pakusintha kwachilengedwe, komanso ndi ntchito za anthu, kuthamangitsidwa kwanyama kosaloledwa. Pakadali pano pali magulu asanu amitundu yosiyana yamtchire:
Mapazi, mapiri ndi nyanja zimapanga malo abwino nyama za ku Crimea zoyimiriridwa ndi zolengedwa zapadziko lapansi za mitundu isanu ndi iwiri, zam'madzi - mitundu inayi, ichthyofauna inayimiriridwa ndi mitundu 200 ya nsomba, mbalame zamitundu yopitilira 200, zotsatsa za mitundu 14. Mwa okhalamo pali anthu achi Aborigine ambiri, ena ndi alendo apaulendo kapena okhazikika pakapita nthawi yowonjezera.
Gopher ang'ono
Pezani magulu am'deralo. Kutalika kwa thupi lalitali la munthu m'modzi mpaka 250 mm; pafupifupi wachisanu ndi mchira. Kamvekedwe ka khungu loyera, lofiirira kumbuyo. Mutu umakhala wopangika mosiyanasiyana. Kupanga timabowo tosunthira mpaka 4 m kutalika ndi 1.8 m kuya. Mitundu yambiri imakhala "m'nyumba", momwe mumakhalanso "Red Book".
Mlandu wapagulu
Khwangwala wamba wamba Timatumba tating'ono tokhala ndi mayendedwe ovuta, zipinda zogona ndi malo osungira.
Wamba hamster
Chinyama chonyansa chokhala ndi masaya akuluakulu ndi makutu ang'ono, kukula kwa khola. Utoto wofiira ndi ubweya wonyezimira umapangitsa kuti bumpkin iyi ikhale yokongola kunja. Miyendo yakutsogolo yakutsogolo imatha kuchita zambiri: makutu a mankhusu, kuchapa, kubereka ana.
Hamster amakonda kusungulumwa. Adani awukiridwa mwankhalwe - amisala, amathamangira kwa mdani wa kukula kulikonse. Kulumwa kumakhala kowawa kwambiri, chifukwa nyamayo imakwiyitsa. Hamster amakhala m'misewu, m'malo a nkhalango, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala kulakalaka komwe anthu amakhala.
Jerboa
Kukula kwa nyama ndi gologolo. Miyendo yakumbuyo yodziwika bwino yomwe imakhala nthawi inayi kuposa yakutsogolo. Ngakhale kavalo sangathe kugwira jerboa. Amalumphira kutalika kwake ndi 1.5-2 metres, kutalika kwa kudumpha kuli pafupifupi theka la mita.
Mchira wautali umakhala ngati wowongolera, ndikuthandizira kukankha pakadumpha, umagwira nawo chitetezo, ngati pakufunika. Chifukwa cholima dera peninsula, "kangaroos" ang'ono ayamba kuchepa.
Wamba mole vole
Chingwe chaching'ono chapansi panthaka, chotalika 13 cm. Mchira wamfupi suwoneka. Thupi limawoneka ngati lololera kukumba ngalande - limakhala lotalika, ndi minofu yolimba ya kutsogolo.
Palibe makutu, maso ndi ochepa. Kutsogolo, zala 5. Zolocha zakuthwa pamaso pa milomo ndizofunikira. Yogwira usiku. Kuvulaza minda.
Mbewa steppe
Zinyama zazing'ono zosaposa 75 mm kutalika. Mutha kuzindikira kumata kwake ndi kamtambo wakuda kudutsa mzere kuchokera kumutu kupita kumunsi kwa mchira. Fur chovala imvi ndi fawn. Nkhumba zosaya osalowetsa kapena kukhala m'malo okhala ndodo zina.
Amakhala ndi mchira wokwezedwa, womwe umagwira ngati chopondera. Yambirani bwino pammbali, pamalo, nthambi, nthambi, mitengo.
Agologolo
Nyama zidasamukira ku Altai kupita ku Crimea. Amakhala m'malo oteteza nkhalango, Zadiristaya, otanganidwa komanso opambana, ovala malaya okongola aimvi.
M'malo am'mapiri, kukula kwa nyama ndikokulirapo, mpaka 28-30 cm, kuposa m'malo otsika. Mchira wa furry wa nyama ndi 2/3 ya kutalika konse kwa thupi. Wapeza phindu pamalonda.
Makoswe a ku Crimea satha kupikisana nawo poyerekeza ndi adani omwe amadana nawo. Pakati pa oimira mabanja ambiri, nyama zazing'ono komanso zazing'ono kwambiri. Mimbulu ikuluikulu ya peninsula idawonongedwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Kuyesera kutsitsimutsa fuko la nkhandwe sikugonabe mpaka pano.
Steppe achita
Chinyama chakuthwa chotalika masentimita 52 ndi thupi lalitali, mchira yaying'ono, mutu wozungulira komanso makutu akulu. Kufalikira Mokwanira ku Crimea. Mtundu wamchenga wokhala ndi miyendo yofiirira, mathero a mchira, chifuwa ndi zoyera polemba pachifuwa ndi makutu. The ferret imakhala pafupi ndi anthu okhala m'malo okhala. Wotsogola kwambiri. Zowongoleredwa bwino bwino.
Weasel
Ngakhale kuti ndi yaying'ono, kutalika mpaka 26 cm, komanso mawonekedwe okongola, nyamayo ndiyankhanza ndipo ndiyankhanza kwa nyama zazing'ono zonse. Kukhetsa kwa magazi kwa zilombo zazing'ono kumayerekezedwa ndi nkhandwe. Ukatundu ndi ukalamba, kuthekera kuthamanga, kusambira mokwanira kumapangitsa chikondi kukhala chosaka kopambana.
M'mawonekedwe, zilombozo ndi zofanana ndi nkhwangwa, koma mchira wake ulibe burashi. Ntchito yanyama yomwe ili ponseponse ku Crimea imawonetsedwa usana ndi usiku.
Ngati chiweto chichepetsedwa, tizilombo ndi makoswe sizimawonekera mnyumbamo. Ndi ziweto zina, weasel imakhazikitsidwa mwachangu, ndikukhala bwenzi lokondana.
Nkhandwe wamba
Pakati pa omwe adadyera ku Crimea, nkhandwe ndiyoyimira wamkulu kwambiri - kutalika, anthu amafikira 70-90 cm, mchirawo ndi 50-60 cm. Nyama imakhala kudera lonselo kulikonse. Imakhazikika m'mapanga, mumakhala mabowo a Badger, ming'alu, m'maenje. Nkhandwe ndiyo yoyang'anira nambala ya makoswe. Zowonongeka zimawonongeka pamafamu omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kuswana nyama, mavu.
Chinyama chamtengo wapatali chodziwedza. Osiyana ndi kusamala, mantha. Zinyama zodwala zokha zimabwera kwa munthu. Nkhandwe yalembedwa m'bukhu la Crimea.
Dziko lodzikongoletsa ku Crimea likuyimiridwa ndi akamba, abuluzi, njoka, njoka. Palibe anthu oopsa.Pali njoka zokoka, zam'madzi komanso wamba, njoka zinayi, njoka zachikasu ndi kambuku.
Hare
Mosiyana ndi abale akumtunda, nzika ya komweko ili ndi mawonekedwe osiyana siyana omwe siali oyimira oyimira madera ena. Agogo a Crimean amasunga mtundu wawo pafupifupi chaka chonse. Chovala chofiirira chamtundu wokhala ndi matupi oyera ofiira oyera ndiwodziwikiratu ndewu zonse zakunyumba.
Chipale chofewa sichimagwera pamalowo, ndipo ngati chipale chofewa chikuchitika, sichimatha sabata limodzi. Munthawi imeneyi, ntchentche zilibe nthawi yoti zisinthe maonekedwe ake. Chofunika kusaka.
Kuchuluka kwa magawo pazaka makumi angapo zapitazi kwatsika kwambiri, koma kugawa kwake kumawonekabe kuti ndi kofala. Makamaka nthawi zambiri imawoneka m'malire a mitengo yolimbirana nkhalango.
Mwala woponyedwa miyala (yoyera-yoyera)
Nyamayo idalandira dzina lokondeka la tsitsi loyera pachifuwa ndi pakhosi. Chisomo, chisomo cha mayendedwe ndichachilendo kwa wolusa wocheperako, wosakhala wachilendo ndi chakudya chamasamba (maphwando a hawthorn, mphesa, peyala). Msungwana wokhala ndi tsitsi loyera sakukwera mitengo yamtengo, koma mochenjera amalowa m'makola a nkhuku zoweta kuti awononge mabanja amtunduwu.
Badger
Nyamayi imakhazikika mwamphamvu m'nkhalango za Crimea. Thupi la badger kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi 70-90 masentimita, mchirawo ndi wotalika masentimita 20. Malamba amphamvu pamiyendo amawonetsa komwe amayenda. Anakumba malalanje okhala ndi mipando yambiri, ndima, ma gule, ngodya zonse, zokhala ndi zitsamba.
Ndime zoyipa zikafika mpaka 20 metres, zimapanga mzinda wonse. Badger ndi anthu wamba omwe amakhala pachibwenzi chanyumba chawo. Zaukhondo zochulukirapo zikugwira ntchito zambiri. Osaloleza kuukira padzikoli. Pewani alendo osakhudzidwa adzakhala osimidwa. Badger - zinyama za Red Book of Crimea.
Galu wa fodya
Chilombo chokhala ndi miyendo yayifupi chakhazikika pamtengowo pambuyo poyesera koyamba. Thupi la squat mpaka 80 cm, mchira wofiyira mpaka masentimita 25. Wopaka muzzle wokhala ndi utoto wonyezimira ngati mawonekedwe a chigoba, phulusa la phulusa m'mbali.
Mamoyo m'miyala yamiyala, momwe mumakhala mimbulu, kapena mumakhala mizu yamitengo. Galu wa fodya nthawi zambiri amawoneka m'mphepete mwa nyanja posaka chakudya. Zamoyo zimadziwika kuti ndizopatsa chidwi, koma zomwe zimakonda ndi nyama.
Matumba
Ku Crimea, mileme ili ndi mitundu 16. Zochita zachilengedwe zopanda ntchito ndizokwanira usiku. Makina achikopa pakati pa zala ndi miyendo yakumbuyo m'mbali mwa thupi amachita ngati mapiko a mbalame.
M'madera otentha a ku Crimea, mileme imangodya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono chifukwa cha kupendekera kwanyengo. Akuluakulu sangafike masentimita 10 kutalika. Kuthamanga kwa mbewa zodabwitsa kumakhala mpaka 50 km / h.
Kuwongolera thupi kumakupatsani mwayi woti muwuluke mosazungulira mu labyrinth ya phangalo osakhudza mapiko a malinga. Malo okhala nkhalango zamapiri ndi malo okondedwa kwambiri a mileme yopanda vuto lililonse.
Akamba amasamba
Pokhala makamaka mapiri amadzi am'makomo. Mosiyana ndi nyama zapamtunda, malo osambira amapezeka pakati pa zala za turtle. Kukula kwa anthu okhala pamtunda kumafika mpaka 15 cm m'mimba mwake. Usiku, amagona pansi pa dziwe kapena chosungira china, ndipo masana amasaka nsomba zazing'ono, amadya masamba. Kunyumba, amaikidwa m'mata.
Ziweto za ku Crimea kuphatikiza akamba akunyowa, omwe amakhalanso hibernate ndi hibernate kwinakwake m'chipinda chapansi mpaka kutentha koyambirira kwamasika.
Mbawala zofiira
Wakale kwambiri wokhala pachilumbacho ndi kunyada kwa Crimea. Nyama yayikulu imakula mpaka ma 1.4 metres pakufota. Nyanga zokhala ndi nthambi zolocha mutu wake. Kunenepa, kutalika kwa njirazi kukuwonetsa zaka za mbawala. Zolocha zazikulu za amuna zimasinthidwa pachaka.
Mu nkhalango zamapiri za Crimea, kubangula kwamphamvu kwa ma artiodactyl akuluakulu kumveka nthawi zambiri. Zitsamba zimasonkhana pano zomwe zimadya pazomera. M'nyengo yozizira, mbawala zimayandikira m'minda, m'nkhalangozi pafupi ndi malo omwe amakhala ndi chakudya komanso kutentha. Nyama zokongola zimakongoletsa m'nkhalango.
Mouflon
Nkhosa zam'mapiri zidatchukitsidwa ku Crimea asadasinthe. Mavuto opulumuka, zovuta ndi kubereka zidapangitsa kuti alendo ochokera ku Europe azitetezedwa makamaka. Zizolowezi za nyama ndizofanana ndi za nkhosa zapakhomo.
Masana, nthawi yanthawi yotentha, amakhala pamthunzi wamiyala, pansi pamitengo, ndipo nthawi yamadzulo iwo amadula udzu pafupi ndi m'mapiri, m'malo otsetsereka. M'nyengo yozizira, amavutika ndi chipale chofewa ndipo amapita kukakhala chakudya cha munthu.
Chojambula chokongoletsera chachikulu cha nyamayo - nyanga zam'mlengalenga mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo. Akuluakulu amafikira 200 kg. Zosowa nyama za ku Crimea otetezedwa.
Roe nswala
Nyama zokongola nthawi ina zinkakhala pachilumbachi. Anthu adathamangitsira nyama kumapiri. Magalasi odziwika (tsitsi loyera kuzungulira mchira) za nyama zomwe zimathawa anthu nthawi zambiri zimawonekera m'nkhalango.
Kumva bwino kwambiri kumateteza kwa adani ambiri. Mbawala za Roe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ozizira. Pamodzi ndi nguluwe, zomwe ndi zofanana kwambiri, ma artiodactyl ndimakonda a nkhalango omwe amawatcha mwachikondi "mbuzi".
Pakadali pano, nyama yokhazikika kumapiri a Crimea idakalipobe. Kuyesera kangapo kopitilira ma artiodactyl okongola sikunathebe. Chachikulu kuposa nguluwe, koma chaching'ono kuposa agwape, agwape osambira ndi osamala, okalamba, komanso okhudzana ndi malo okhala nkhalango ndi nkhalango.
Popanda kutetezedwa ndi anthu, kufalikira kwa nyama sikungatheke, koma achifwamba amachita zambiri kuteteza nyamazo.
Nguluwe zakuthengo
Woyambirira wokhala pachilumbachi adathetsedwa ndi zaka za zana la 19. Pakupita pafupifupi zaka zana limodzi, nkhumba zakuthengo zidabwezeretseka bwino kumtunda kuno. Omnivores amadya mtedza, bowa, mizu, mazira a mbalame, makoswe.
Mukakumana ndi munthu, nkhumba zakuthengo zimachotsedwa mosamala, koma ngati ndewu sizingapewere, nyama sizidziwa mantha. Misonkhano ndi akazi yoteteza nkhumba ndi zowopsa kwambiri. Mutha kupulumuka kokha pamitengo yamtengo wamtali.
Bulu lamwala
Amakhala m'mapiri a Crimea okha. Woyenda wolimba mtima pamiyala ndi malo otsetsereka. M'mphepete mwa miyala, malo obisika, ma gorges, malo akutali amitundu mitundu ndi malo omwe abuluzi amakonda. Mutha kukumana ndi anthu okongola pamalo okwera mamilimita 3000-3500 pamwamba pa nyanja. Kuthamanga ndi kusuntha kosuntha ndi kwachiwiri.
Checko wa Crimea
M'mbuyomu nthawi zonse zimapezeka kulikonse komwe kuli m'mizinda yopanda phokoso - pazitseko, moyang'anizana ndi khoma la nyumba, pakati pa nyumba zakale. Kukula kwakukulu kunawononga malo akukhazikitsidwako. Mabwinja okondeka ndi mayendedwe ambiri, malo ogumuka, matsenga adayamba kutha kuchoka padziko lapansi.
Buluzi wokongola sanangokongoletsa zachilengedwe ndi mawonekedwe okongola, komanso adaletsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyipa. Adani a geckos anali amphaka osochera, omwe adagwira nawo gawo lalikulu pakuchepetsa abuluzi.
Serpentine Yellowfang
Ambiri amatenga woimira kachilomboka kuti akagwiritse ntchito ngati chinyama chakupha, njoka yaululu. Ngakhale mawonekedwe owopsa ndi kukula kwake, kutalika kwake kuli pafupifupi mita 1-1.25, nyamayo imakhala yopanda vuto lililonse ngati sanagwidwe ndikuyesedwa.
Alibe nkhonya zachilengedwe. Amakhala ku Crimea kokha. Chikasu-pusik chimayenda pang'onopang'ono, sichithamangira aliyense. Thupi limakhazika pang'ono kumbali ndi khungu losalala komanso lonyezimira. Nyamayi yalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira. Kuwopseza kuti ziwonongedwe ndizofala kwambiri - kuwonongedwa kwa matumphu nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe owopsa, chisokonezo ndi njoka.
Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa chikasu-puzik ndi zirombo zoyipa - maso awo amatetezedwa ndi eyelon, ngati osiyana ndi njoka.
Zinyama za kudera lotentha la Crimea zili ndi tizilombo tambiri. Mitundu ya ku Mediterranean ndiyodziwika bwino kwa aliyense yemwe adapita pachilumbachi m'chilimwe.
Cicadas
Ambiri adamva mawu akuwoneka, koma sanawonepo tizilombo. Cicada ndi yokulirapo pang'ono kuposa ntchentche wamba, imabisala pakati masamba. Ziwalo zoyimbira zokhala ndi ma resonator apadera zimakhala pamimba. Osewera akuwoneka kuti akupikisana mu kuchuluka kwa kuyimba kwanyimbo. Cicadas amakhala nyengo yonse. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, tizilombo timeneti ndi chakakhungu, chosiyana ndi ziwala kapena mitengo.
Mantis
Dzinali limaperekedwa kuti liziwoneka ngati kachilombo, komwe ma forele nthawi zonse amakulira. Zili ngati manja amunthu akwera kumwamba popemphera. M'malo mwake, zovala zopemphera zimagona nyama kuti ziziwombedwa asanafike, amakhala nthawi yayitali, kubisala m'masamba. Kukula kwa tizilombo mpaka 4-5 masentimita nthawi zina kumakupatsani mwayi wolimbana ndi mpheta. Malinga ndi zizindikilo, munthu yemwe wophunzirayo amakhala pa iye amasangalala kwakanthawi.
Kachilomboka
Matenda a Crimea amatetezedwa ngati mtundu wosafunikira wa kafadala. Tizilomboti tating'ono sitimadziwa kuuluka, timangokwawa m'misewu komanso malo otsetsereka. Tumbuyu ndi wamkulu kwambiri, mpaka 5 cm, ali ndi utoto wofiirira, womwe umasinthidwa ndi mitundu yobiriwira, yabuluu, yakuda.
Mukakhudza wokongola wokhalamo, amauza madzi am'madzi owopseza kuti atuluke. Amakhala ndi moyo wamphamvu usiku, amasunthira pamiyendo yayitali. Patsikuli, kachilomboka pamtunda amathamanga mpaka 2 km. Nsagwada zamphamvu zimathandiza kuthana ndi ziweto: nkhono, ma mollusks, aulesi.
Zinyama zomwe zili ku Crimea akhoza kumakhala moyo, kudziwa akatswiri azamera ndipo amangokonda zachilengedwe. Kutaya kwa peninsula ndi zinyama zambiri zomwe kale zinkakhala kuno. Izi ndi nkhandwe za arctic, wolverine, beaver, marmot, chimbalangondo ndi mitundu ina.
Imayenera kufotokozedwa mosiyana ndi dziko la ma waterfowl. Malo oteteza zachilengedwe a Swan Islands ndi otchuka chifukwa cha nkhwawa zoseketsa. Masamba masauzande ambiri nthawi yozizira pachilumba ndipo amakhala mkati molting. Herons, mallards, crunches wautali-utali, cranes chisa mu steppe dziko la Crimea.
Zoposa mitundu 200 ya mabanja amtundu wa mbalame amalembetsedwa ku peninsula. Palibe mwatsatanetsatane pakati pawo. Kusintha kwanyengo ndi kulima malo muulimi ndi vuto lalikulu, kuphatikizira kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala mbalame ndi malo okhala mbalame.
Kusungidwa ndi kukula kwa nyama zapadera zachilengedwe zokhala ndi malo osiyana nyengo ndikofunikira pakulinganiza kwachilengedwe konse, ubale wapakati pa munthu ndi nyama.
Phiri ndi steppe fox
Ankhandwe a m'mapiri amakhala m'mapiri a Crimea, amtundu wawo ndi wopondaponda. Amadyetsa mbewa, anyani, ma hamsters, ma hedgehogs, mazira a mbalame, ndipo nthawi zina mbalame, mavu, ndi akalulu amtchire.
Pakalibe chakudya, tizilombo, achule, abuluzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi zina nyama sizimanyoza kunyongedwa. Alendo azikumbukira kuti nyamayi imatha kudwala matenda a chiwewe. Ndipo ngati asanayese mwanjira ina kuwakhomereza, tsopano palibe amene amachita izi, kotero mukakumana nawo ndibwino kusamala.
Koma sikuti pamakhala misonkhano yambiri ndi nkhandwe chifukwa ndiosamala komanso amanyazi. Nthawi zina, akakumana, amasiya kuchita mantha.
Mu chithunzithunzi nkhandwe yopondera
Ogwira manja
Ili ndi dzina la mwala woponyedwayo, pomwe mmero ndi chifuwa zimakongoletsedwa ndi ubweya woyera. Zokongola, zokongola komanso zokongola poyang'ana koyamba, nkhokwe sizachilendo ndi nyama yolusa, yolimba komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Amathanso kudya zakudya zamasamba. M'nyengo yotentha ndi yophukira chaka, martens amadya minga, hawthorn, mapeyala ndi mphesa ngati chakudya. Nyama izi zimakondedwa kwambiri ndi anthu omwe akuchita nawo ulimi.
Ngati marten alowa m'munda wa nkhuku, amathamangitsa nkhuku zonse zomwe zikupezeka modabwitsa posachedwa. Pokhudzana ndi nkhuku, ma mart akhala osakhala opanda mtima.
Mu chithunzichi, marten mwala kapena woyera-manja
Ngwazi zofiira za Crimea
Ichi ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri ku Crimea yomwe imakhala m'nkhalango zamapiri. Kulemera kwa ngulu yamphongo kumafika pa kilogalamu 260, kutalika kwake kumasilira masentimita 140. Ndi miyendo yopepuka, yopyapyala, yokhala ndi mutu wonyada komanso nyanga zambiri.
Ngwazi za Crimea zimatha kukhala zaka 60-70. Zaka za anyamata achichepere zimawerengeredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa njira paminyanga. Kutafuna kwa mano kumathandizira kudziwa zaka za akulu.
Chida chachikulu cha agwada ndi nyanga zawo. M'gawo la Crimea, nyama izi, kupatula osaka, zilibe adani. Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsa ntchito zida zawo pokhapokha ndikulimbana ndi akazi. Kulimbirana kotere kumachitika makamaka mu Seputembala ndipo kumayendetsedwa ndi kubangula kosafunikira.
Chiwerengero cha agalu aku Crimea sichinakhalepo chomwechi. Ndipo kuchiyambiyambi kwa zaka za zana la 20 kunakumbukiridwa chifukwa chakuti mtunduwu unatsala pang'ono kutheratu. Kuyambira 1923, kuwombera kwa nyama izi kunali koletsedwa, zomwe zinathandiza pofika 1943 kuti achulukitse kuchuluka kwa anthu 2000.
Ngwazi zofiira za Crimea
Ndani amakhala pabedi?
Zomera za mapiri a Crimea zikuphatikizapo nsapato zokhala oyera, agologolo pansi, jerboa, hamster, mole vole, nkhandwe ndi oimira ena ambiri a nyama. Mwa mbalame zam'madzi zoterezi zimapezeka odyetsa njuchi, makoswe abuluu, bustards, cranes, strpt, lo steppe looney ndi chiwombankhanga.
Simungaone kakang'ono apa, anthu ndi ochulukirapo njoka zazitali zinayi ndi abuluzi othamanga. Nest mdziko la Crimea heron, mallards, makoswe ataliitali, ndodo.
Chimodzi mwazinyama zotchuka kwambiri za stepep - korsac. Mbidzi ya nkhandwe, yotchedwa corsac, ndi ya banja la canine. Kutalika kwa thupi la nyamayo ndi pafupifupi theka la mita, ndipo mchirawo ndi wotalika masentimita 35. Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu kulibe kokwanira kuposa kate wamkulu.
Chovala cha corsac chimakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu chokhala ndi mutu wofiyira, pomwe ubweya wake umakhala wopepuka pansi ndipo nsonga ya mchira wa nkhandweyo imachita khungu. Pothamangitsa nyama, Korsak imathamanga mpaka 60 km pa ola limodzi. Samasamala kudya makoswe, mbalame, kapenanso kunyansidwa.
Ozunzidwa ku Korsaks nthawi zambiri amakhala nkhuku zapakhomo. Pali malo mu chakudya cha nkhandwe pamasamba azakudya zamasamba - amadya zipatso ndi zipatso mosangalala.
Madera amtambo
M'mapiri a Crimea muli mimbulu, agologolo, koma pano simungathe kukumana ndi ambiri mwa anthu wamba okhala m'nkhalango zaku Russia. Koma malo awa amakhala ndi nthumwi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Balkan, Middle East, Mediterranean ndi endemic.
Nyama zolemera zimayimiriridwa pamtunda wakumpoto wa Yaila, mdera lamalo osungirako zachilengedwe a Crimea. Dera lotetezedwa makamaka limakhala Wogulitsa za Crimea, Crimea chamois, marten ndi marten wamwala. Nyama zakomweko zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Mwachitsanzo, amayenda atavala malaya awo a "chilimwe" chaka chonse.
Tilankhule za anthu ena osangalatsa okhala kumapiri a Crimea mwatsatanetsatane.
- Omwe oyera. Dzina lachiwiri la mwala wopachikidwako ndi wouyamwa. Amadziwika motero chifukwa cha ubweya woyera pachifuwa ndi malaya ake akutsogolo. Wofatsa komanso wamisala, amapita mosavuta kukalowa kunkhuku, komanso amasangalala ndi zipatso.
- Mbawala zofiira. Amayesedwa moyenerera kunyada kwa Crimea. Mutu wa chilombo chamtchire ichi umakongoletsedwa ndi nyanga zapamwamba, zomwe zimakula ndikukula. Mitundu ya agulu amatha kumveka ndi kubangula komwe kumachitika munyengo. M'nyengo yozizira, amayandikira m'minda kuti akagule chakudya.
- Mouflon. Ili ndi dzina la nkhosa za kumapiri, zomwe zidamera mu nthawi imeneyi. Nyanga zake zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, kulemera kwake kumatha kufikira awiri. Kuphatikiza kwa nyama yokongolayi kunalibe zovuta, chifukwa chake ma mouflon ndi amtundu wotetezedwa. M'dzinja, amabisala pamiyala yamatalala ndikupita kukadya udzu madzulo okha, ndipo nthawi yozizira, chifukwa chosowa chakudya, amayandikira nyumba za anthu.
- Roe nswala. Panthawi yomwe anthu akukhala mokhazikika, nyama izi zimayendetsedwa ndikupititsidwa kumapiri. Alibe zida zodzitetezera ku zilombo mwanjira ya nyanga, koma chilengedwe chimapatsa nyama zabwino izi pomva bwino kwambiri. Zimapangitsa kuti mbawala zizimva mdani kuchokera kutali.
Kuphatikiza pa zilombo zolusa, amphaka amasaka.
- Doe. Sichimawoneka kawiri m'mapazi a peninsula. Brisk, dodgy ndi nyama zokongola kwambiri sazolowera nyengo ya Crimea. Sizotheka komabe kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi artiodactyls, koma nzika zam'derali zikuyesera kuteteza nyamayi ku chiwembu cha ozunza.
Ndani amapezeka pagombe?
Gombe lakumwera ladzala ndi zokwawa komanso ma invertebrates.
- Checko wa Crimea. Zilombo zoyimbira izi zimakonda kumakhala nyumba zakale, momwemo nthawi zonse pamakhala ming'alu yakuya ndi makina osiyanasiyana. Pazifukwa izi, kale anali kukhala m'nyumba zakale komanso mabwalo.
Anapulumutsa anthu ku magulu a tizilombo ndipo potithandizanso anthu. Koma lero m'mizinda kuchuluka kwawo kwatsika. Chomwe chinali chifukwa chachitukuko cha madera, komanso kuukira kwa amphaka, omwe samakonda kudya maphwando okongola awa.
- Mantis. Ili nalo dzina lake chifukwa cha mphete zakukweza. Zachidziwikire, zolengedwa izi sizigwira miyendo yawo m'malo otero popemphera. Amangokhala nthawi yayitali atabisala, kufunafuna mochenjera, ndipo kuchokera pamtundu wotere ndikosavuta kuti aukire. Kukula kwa zovala kumafikira masentimita 5, motero nthawi zina amalimbana ndi mpheta.
- Kachilomboka. Wotetezedwa wokhala ku Crimea ali ndi utoto wofiirira, womwe umakhala wowala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndikwabwino kuti tisawakhudze, mukatero kachilomboka kamasentimita asanu chimapereka chinsinsi. Ma Shellfish ndi nkhono zimakhala chakudya cha kafadala wa pansi.
Mwa anthu okhala pagombe, mbalame zonga heron, mallards, cranes. Ponseponse, pali mitundu yopitilira 200 ya mbalame zaku Crimea, komabe, pakati pawo mulibe ena onse omwe amakhala m'chigawochi chokha.
Anthu okhala m'madzi
Kupha nsomba zopitilira mazana awiri zimakhala m'malo ambiri osungirako chigawo, ndipo kotala la iwo nthawi ndi nthawi amabwera kumadzi a Crimea kuchokera ku Bosphorus. Zambiri m'derali achule, zalaula ndi zatsopano. Njoka imodzi yapoizoni imakhala pano - ndi steppe viper. Amakhala m'matupi amadzi ndipo swampapa.
Zala za nyamayi zimakhala ndi ma membala, kulilola kuti lizisambira bwino, ndipo kukula kwa chigobacho nthawi zambiri sikapitirira 15 cm. Akauni amakhala ndi chizolowezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku - amagona mpaka mbandakucha, kenako nkuyamba kusaka nsomba zazing'ono. Komanso, nyama izi sizosangalatsa kulawa zakudya zam'mera. Amakhala nthawi yayitali pachilala.
Nyama zotere zimatha kusungidwa kunyumba, momwemo zimadikirira nthawi yozizira m'chipinda chapansi.
Amayi
p, blockquote 2.0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 3,0,0,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 4,0,0,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 5,0,0,0,0 ->
Roe nswala
p, blockquote 6.0,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 7,0,0,0,0 ->
Doe
p, blockquote 8,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 9,0,0,0,0 ->
Nguluwe zakuthengo
p, blockquote 10,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 11,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 12,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 13,0,0,0,0 ->
Gopher
p, blockquote 14,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 15,0,0,0,0 ->
Mlandu wapagulu
p, blockquote 16,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 17,0,0,0,0,0,0 ->
Wamba hamster
p, blockquote 18,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 19,0,0,0,0 ->
Jerboa
p, blockquote 20,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 21,0,0,0,0 ->
Roti wa Mole
p, blockquote 22,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 23,0,0,0,0 ->
Mbewa steppe
p, blockquote 24,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 25,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 26,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 27,0,0,0,0 ->
Badger
p, blockquote 28,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 29,0,0,0,0 ->
Galu wa fodya
p, blockquote 30,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 31,0,0,0,0 ->
Squirrel Tele
p, blockquote 32,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 33,0,1,0,0 ->
Weasel
p, blockquote 34,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 35,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 36,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 37,0,0,0,0 ->
Hare
p, blockquote 38,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 39,0,0,0,0 ->
Peninsula fauna - zomwe muyenera kudziwa
Kalelo, nthiwatiwa ndi milendyezi zinkakhala kudera la Crimea. Masiku ano, nthiwatiwa zimatha kuwoneka palokha. Mwachitsanzo, famu ya nthiwatiwa "Yachilendo" ku Kerch. Alendo ambiri amakhala ndi chidwi ndi nyama zomwe zikuyenda kumapeto, nyama za Crimea: nkhandwe, agwape, agwape ndi ena.
Mwapadera, amagawika m'magulu asanu:
- Steppe
- Zosakanizidwa - nkhalango-yotsika,
- Nkhalango yamapiri
- Phiri
- Gombe lakumwera.
Kudera la steppe mumakhala ma jerboas akuluakulu, maula, mavu, ana nkhandwe ndi zina. Mbalame za gulu la opondera: chiwombankhanga, akuthambo, agogo ndi ena ambiri. Nyama yoopsa kwambiri m'maguluwa ndi njoka yamphongo. Cholengedwa chokhacho cha mitundu 14 ya zokwawa. Oimira steppe ndi fauna mapiri amapezeka m'nkhalango-steppe: gophers, miyala martens, hamsters ndi agologolo teleuts.
M'mapiri, nthumwi zooneka bwino za nyama: agwape, agwape, nkhosa, mouflon, nkhandwe. Mbalame zimakhazikika m'nkhalango m'malo otsetsereka a mapiri: mitengo, zikondwerero, chikasu, tambala wakuda, ndi kupindika. Kuyenda m'malire ammapiri, musaiwale za mitundu yambiri: akwatibwi, njoka zokhala chikasu, abuluzi.
Chisamaliro chapadera chimaperekedwa kuti zikhazikike, nyama zosowa zomwe zalembedwa mu Red Book. Ngati mmbulu ukadabweretsedwapo nthawi imodzi, munthu womaliza mu zaka makumi asanu zapitazi sakanawonongeka.
Thandizo: Mouflons (mtundu wa nkhosa zamphongo) wokhala pachilumbacho ndi banja lokhalo lotsala ku Eastern Europe.
Mkazi wamasiye wakuda
Mtundu wowopsa uwu umapezeka osati kumapiri ndi m'nkhalango zokha, nthawi zina umatha kuwoneka m'matauni. Kuluma kwa mkazi wamasiye wakuda kumatha kupha. Ngati zidachitika, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwotcha ndi mutu wam mechi kapena chinthu choyaka moto pamoto ndipo pitani kwa dokotala. Ngati chithandizo chachedwa, thupi limapweteka kwambiri, manja ndi miyendo ndi chizungulire zimayamba, kuyerekezera zinthu zina kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa manjenje.
Mbalame ndi mileme
Mtundu wakuda
p, blockquote 40,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 41,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 42,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 43,0,0,0,0 ->
Wopaka nyenyezi
p, blockquote 44,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 45,0,0,0,0 ->
Pheasant
p, blockquote 46,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 47,0,0,0,0 ->
Wamba eider
p, blockquote 48,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 49,0,0,0,0 ->
Steppe kestrel
p, blockquote 50,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 51,0,0,0,0 ->
Njoka yam'nyanja
p, blockquote 52,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 53,0,0,0,0 ->
Coot
p, blockquote 54,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 55,0,0,0,0 ->
Cranefish
p, blockquote 56,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 57,0,0,0,0 ->
Usiku Wamantha
p, blockquote 58,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 59,0,0,0,0 ->
Chitsulo chachikulu cha akavalo
p, blockquote 60,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 61,0,0,0,0 ->
Ma dolphins Bottlenose Dolphins
Zodabwitsa kwambiri, zolengedwa zapadera padziko lapansi za ma dolphin a Bottlenose zimafulumira mpaka 40 km / h. Kutalika kutalika pamadzi kumapanga mpaka 5 metres. Padziko lonse lapansi, anthu 600 okha ndi omwe adapulumuka. Pofunafuna chakudya, zolengedwa izi zimatha kulowa m'madzi kutali ndi gombe mpaka kuya kwa 500 (!) Meters. Kutalika kwa nyama yachikulire ndi pafupifupi 2 m, kulemera kwake - mpaka 300 kg. Amuna amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wakuda, akazi ndi opepuka.
Njoka, Zamoyo komanso Amphibians
Steppe viper
p, blockquote 62,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 63,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 64,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 65,0,0,0,0 ->
Checko wa Crimea
p, blockquote 66,1,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 67,0,0,0,0 ->
Serpentine Yellowfang
p, blockquote 68,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 69,0,0,0,0 ->
Nsomba zamkuwa
p, blockquote 70,0,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 71,0,0,0,0 ->
Njoka
p, blockquote 72,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 73,0,0,0,0 ->
Chule chagombe
p, blockquote 74,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 75,0,0,0,0 ->
Bulu lamiyala
p, blockquote 76,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 77,0,0,0,0 ->
Agile buluzi
p, blockquote 78,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 79,0,0,0,0 ->
Ankhandwe: steppe ndi phiri
Kuchokera pa mayina a nyama ndizomveka komwe amakhala. Monga chakudya, nkhandwe zimakonda kwambiri hamsters, agologolo pansi, ndi mbewa. Nthawi zina amatha kugwira Kalulu wamtchire. Nyama yochenjera ikakhala yanjala, ndipo ilibe malo oti idyeko, siipeputsa abuluzi, tizilombo tambiri, ngakhale achule. Nyamayi imayamba kutetezeka ku matenda a chiwewe kuposa ena, chifukwa alendo amayenera kusamala makamaka akamakumana ndi "nyama zofiira". Ngakhale kukumana kwapafupi nkosowa. Anayamba kuopa anthu.
Tizilombo ndi akangaude
Cicada
p, blockquote 80,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 81,0,0,0,0 ->
Mantis
p, blockquote 82,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 83,0,0,0,0 ->
Kachilomboka
p, blockquote 84,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 85,0,0,0,0 ->
Karakurt
p, blockquote 86,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 87,0,0,0,0 ->
Chitsimikizo
p, blockquote 88,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 89,0,0,0,0 ->
Argiope Brunnich
p, blockquote 90,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 91,0,0,0,0 ->
Argiope wanyamula
p, blockquote 92,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 93,0,0,0,0 ->
Solpuga
p, blockquote 94,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 95,0,0,0,0 ->
Steatode Paikull
p, blockquote 96,0,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 97,0,0,0,0 ->
Black erezus
p, blockquote 98,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 99,0,0,1,0 ->
Udzudzu
p, blockquote 100,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 101,0,0,0,0 ->
Mokretsa
p, blockquote 102,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 103,0,0,0,0 ->
Scolia
p, blockquote 104,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 105,0,0,0,0 ->
Kukongola ndi luso
p, blockquote 106,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 107,0,0,0,0,0 ->
Wachifwamba wazipani
p, blockquote 108,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 109,0,0,0,0,0 ->
Oleander hawk
p, blockquote 110,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 111,0,0,0,0 ->
Scolopendra
Ringed scolopendras sizowopsa ngati amasiye akuda, koma kuluma kwawo kumadzetsa vuto lalikulu. Kuluma kumatha kusungunuka kwa masiku angapo, nthawi yonseyi yemwe akumenyedwayo akumva kutentha, kupweteka kwa minofu, ndipo malo omwe akulumawo akhoza kupweteka kwanthawi yayitali. Scolopendra amakhala pachilumba paliponse, ndipo ndi okalamba kwambiri - mwadzidzidzi amawonekera ndikusowa monga mwadzidzidzi.
Moyo wam'madzi
Wachibale wachipandu
p, blockquote 112,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 113,0,0,0,0 ->
Russian sturgeon
p, blockquote 114,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 115,0,0,0,0 ->
Sterlet
p, blockquote 116,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 117,0,0,0,0 ->
Kusoka kwa Black Sea-Azov
p, blockquote 118,0,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 119,0,0,0,0 ->
Mtambo wakuda
p, blockquote 120,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 121,0,0,0,0 ->
Sharkff Shark
p, blockquote 122,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 123,0,0,0,0 ->
Chosangalatsa Gulu
p, blockquote 124,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 125,0,0,0,0 ->
Spubped Guban
p, blockquote 126,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 127,0,0,0,0 ->
Zabwino
p, blockquote 128,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 129,0,0,0,0 ->
Nyanja yakuda
p, blockquote 130,0,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 131,0,0,0,0 ->
Pomaliza
Pakachitika mavuto, nyama zambiri sizingasamuke kulikonse. Chifukwa cha izi, ambiri a iwo adazolowera chilengedwe. Crimea ilinso ndi nyama zachilengedwe zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi osiyanasiyana. Chiwerengerochi chimaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 200. M'mitsinje ndi m'mitsinje yatsopano, pali mitundu 46 ya nsomba zingapo zomwe zakhazikika, zina mwa izo ndi nzika. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa avifauna kwapadera kumakhala mitundu 300, ambiri mwa iwo omwe amakhala pachilumba.
Kutsimikizira kwa South Russia
Mapiri ndi mapiri ndimakonda malo a tarantulas. Koposa zonse, ndikakumana ndi iye, ziwengo zimakhala pachiwopsezo, kwa wina aliyense iye samakhala wowopsa. Zizindikiro zakulumidwa ndi kangaudeyu ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zimachitikira mkazi wamasiye wakuda. Malowa akuluma akuyenera kuwotchedwa ndi mitundu yobiriwira bwino, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.
Scorpio
Wosiyidwa ndi anthu ochokera kumadera omwe amakhala, iye sanapite patali kwambiri, koma adayamba kukhazikika mnyumba, moyenera, mzipinda zawo zakuda kwambiri komanso konyowa. Ma spider, scolopendras, ndi zovala zambiri amakhala chakudya chake. zinkhanira kumlingo wina zimathandiza anthu kulimbana ndi tizilombo toopsa.
Amakhala moyo wamadzulo, motero kukumana nawo sikungakhale kwamasana. Zizindikiro za kuluma ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimaluma kuluma kwa anthu ena okhala ku Crimea: kupuma movutikira, kupanikizika kwamphamvu, kuzizira kapena kutentha thupi, chizungulire.
Zitha kuchitika pang'onopang'ono komanso patatha tsiku, ndiye muyenera kufunsa madokotala mukakumana ndi izi posachedwa.
Mitundu yotetezedwa
Mukutetezedwa ndi nyama zachilendo komanso zosangalatsa za ku Crimea, komanso aliyense amene akudziwika Mbawala za ku Arctic, wolverine, beaver, marmot, chimbalangondo, steppe ferret, chifukwa kuchuluka kwawo m'derali ndizochepa. Mouflon yekha wamakilomita masauzande ambiri, kuphatikizapo Eastern European, amakhala ku Crimea. Amachokera kwa anthu omwe amakhala ku nyumba yachifumu, motero ali ofunika kwambiri.
Serpentine Yellowfang ili ndi thupi mita kapena mtunda wautali, imakonda kuwopsa anthu, chifukwa imafanana ndi mphutsi. Woyimira spindle alibe vuto lililonse, pokhapokha mutamuwopseza ndi cholinga.
Mosiyana ndi njoka, maso ake amakhala ndi matope omwe amenye.
Chisindikizo cha Monk omwe amatchedwanso chisindikizo chokhala ndi chitsulo, ali pafupi kutha. Malinga ndi asayansi, kuchuluka kwa nyama zosowa chonchi sikuposa anthu 600 padziko lapansi. Chisindikizo chidalandira dzina lachilendo chotere chifukwa chokhala payekha, ndipo mutu wake umakongoletsedwa ndi mtundu wa ubweya wamfupi. Nyama zam'madzi ziwiri zimatha kulemera pafupifupi atatu, komabe zimatha kulowa pansi kwambiri ndikubwerera ndi nyama.
Zisindikizo zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutetezedwa.
Red Book Bottlenose Dolphins fikani kuthamanga mpaka 40 km / h. Ali ndi mawonekedwe ochezeka ndipo amatha kuyenda mtunda wautali kwambiri. Nyama izi zakhala zikutetezedwa kuyambira 1956.
Mwa mbalame zotetezedwa ku Crimea ndikofunikira kudziwa crane, kadzidzi, kadzidzi, wokhala ndi nyenyezi, mfumu yofiyira.
Endemics
Izi zimaphatikizapo mitundu yachilendo yomwe imangokhala ku Crimea. Talankhula kale za scorpion pamwambapa, zakhala zaka zokhala pachilumba kuyambira nthawi zakale. Ganizirani malingaliro ena apadera m'derali.
- Bokosi la retovsky. Mtunduwu udapezeka ndi wasayansi Otto Retovsky. Mtundu wobiriwira umalola kuti tizilombo tisazidziwike munthaka za udzu. Nthawi zambiri, ziwala zosowa ngati izi zimatha kuwoneka pafupi ndi Alushta kapena Alupka.
- Marigold Black Sea. Agulugufe okongola amenewa nthawi zambiri amapezeka ku Yalta ndi malo ake. Kupaka utoto kumawathandiza kubisala pamiyala, kotero si aliyense amene angawone kukongola uku.
Kupita paulendo wopita ku Crimea, kumbukirani kuti pamodzi ndi oyimilira okongola komanso ochezeka amtundu wa peninsula, pali malingaliro ena osavulaza. Koma ngakhale zitakhala zowopsa bwanji kwa anthu, chilichonse mwazinthu izi ndi gawo la zachilengedwe zomwe sizifunika kusokonezedwa.
Zambiri za nyama za ku Crimea, onani vidiyo ili pansipa.
Nguluwe zakuthengo
Oimira awa pa nyama za ku Crimea amatha kutchedwa "akale." Iwo amakhala pachilumbachi kale. Koma m'zaka za zana la 19 anali atatsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa. Zinthu zidapulumutsidwa ndi kutumizidwa kwa munthu m'modzi kuchokera kudera la Chernigov komanso 34 kuchokera ku Primorsky Territory mu 1957. Nyama iyi imatha kutchedwa kuti wamasamba. Amakonda mizu yosiyanasiyana, bowa, mtedza, ma acorn. Nthawi zina amatha kugula tizilombo, dzira la mbalame kapena makoswe.
Mbawala zofiira
Mbawala zankhanza ndi nyama zazikulu. Kulemera - mpaka 260 kilogalamu, kutalika - mochepera pang'ono mita ndi theka. Kuyembekeza kukhala ndi moyo pafupifupi kwamunthu: zaka 6 mpaka 7. Chida chachikulu cha agwape omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomenyera mzimayi ndi nyanga. Ndi chiletso chokhacho chowombera, chomwe chidalengezedwa mu 1923, chomwe chinapulumutsa nkhongono kuti zisawonongedwe kwathunthu. Pambuyo pazaka 20, chiwerengero cha anthu chinakwera kwambiri (mpaka pafupifupi 2 zikwi).
Roe nswala
Nyama yabwinoyi itangokhala kumapiri kwa Crimea, patapita nthawi anasintha malo awo kukhala malo otsetsereka a mapiri. Mbawala za Roe sizachilendo m'dera la nkhalango. Nyamayi imatchera khutu, ikaona anthu, ikuwomba masekondi angapo, ngati kuti ikuyang'ana momwe zinthu ziliri. Kenako imabisala m'nkhalangozi. Ali ndi khutu pafupi ndi nyimbo, atangomva zoopsa - amachenjeza abale awo mofuula, akufalikira kwa 3 km. Adani akuluakulu ndi anyani, nkhandwe.
Ndikupangira:
Mndandanda wa nyama za Crimea zolembedwa mu Buku Lofiira ndizokulirapo. Ndinafotokoza mitundu yosangalatsa kwambiri, m'malingaliro anga, mitundu. Zambiri pazomwe zimayimira nthumwi za Crimea zitha kupezeka mwa kuyitanitsa malo amodzi mwa malo. Kodi mukudziwa zochulukirapo? Gawani ndemanga. Ife ndi owerenga tikhala ndi chidwi. Pumulani wabwino!
Moni abwenzi. Takulandilani ku blog yanga. Malotowo adakwaniritsidwa, tsopano sindikufunika kupita kuntchito ndipo ndimakhala ndi nthawi yambiri yoyenda. Kodi ndikuchita chiyani tsopano.