Nkhumba zaku Vietnam ndi mtundu wotchuka wa kulera komanso kukonza bizinesi.

Kuswana, kusamalira komanso kupatsa thanzi nkhumba za Vietnamese kumatanthauza kukhalapo kwa moyo wosavuta kwambiri, nkhumba zimakhala zoyera, zimadya pafupifupi chakudya chilichonse. Kuti kubereka kube bwino, muyenera kusankha ana abwino kuchokera kwa makolo osiyana.

Mbiri yakubadwa

Nkhumba yamtchire yaku Vietnam idayambitsidwa ku Europe ndi Canada osati kale kwambiri - m'ma 80 omaliza. Munthawi yochepa, mtunduwu wafalikira padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha phindu la kuswana nkhumba. Ku Hungary ndi Canada, kuweta kubereka kumapitabe patsogolo kuti ntchito za kubereka ziziyenda bwino.

Nkhumba zaku Vietnamese: mawonekedwe oswana

Mitundu ya nkhumba zaku Vietnam ndiyotchuka pazifukwa izi:

1. Mchaka 1, nkhumba imapeza 80 kg.
2. Nyama zimadya pang'ono, ndizochedwa kusiya.
3. Nyama ndi mafuta ndi zofewa komanso zofewa.
4. Nkhumba zimatengera ana. Palibe mavuto pakusamalira nkhumba.
5. Ana a nkhumba samataya thupi nthawi yayitali kwambiri.
6. Nkhumbazi ndizabwino. Tetezani nyama pakona imodzi.
7. M'nyengo yozizira, nyama zimadzitenthetsa. Nthawi zambiri makonzedwe otenthetsera nkhokwe safunika, ingowonjezerani udzu.

Chifukwa cha zabwinozi, kuswana nkhumba za Vietnamese sizingabweretse mavuto komanso mtengo.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a nkhumba zaku Vietnam

Chomwe chimasiyanitsa mtundu wa mtundu wa Vietnamese ndikukhwima kwachangu, komwe adakhala chifukwa chofalikira mofulumira padziko lonse lapansi. Mapira amtunduwu saopa kutentha kapena kuzizira. Chokhacho chomwe muyenera kuteteza nyama moyo wonse ndizakonzekera. Ana agalu samawalabadira ndipo amatha kudwala.

Nyimbo whisker idaperekedwa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake. Pamiyendo yochepa, thupi lalikulu lokhala ndi m'mimba lomwe likulendewera pansi. Masiku ano, nkhumba zoyera ndi zakuda zikugulitsidwa, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wa nsangalabwi. Pamutu waukulu pali makutu ang'ono, kumbuyo kumakhala kokhazikika. Pali mitundu yambiri yamafinya pazosokoneza, chifukwa chake imafanana ndi mawonekedwe mawonekedwe. Nkhumba zaku Vietnam zakhala zikula kwa zaka 5, ngakhale kuti chaka chilichonse njirayi imachepa. Nthawi zambiri, alimi amatumiza nyama kuti zikaphe nyama yazaka 1 mpaka 1.5. Siyani zazikazi zokha komanso nguluwe zobereketsa.

Mlandu ndi farrow

Ngati simutsatira malamulowo, mutha kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha ana ndikuchepetsa kwambiri.

Nkhumba zaku Vietnam ndi mtundu wotchuka wa kulera komanso kukonza bizinesi

Zinthu zomwe zikukondweretsa ndikuvota ndi izi:

1. Nkhumba yakonzeka kukhwima kale m'miyezi itatu. Ndikofunika kudikirabe mpaka nkhumba itapeza kuchuluka kwa makilogalamu 120. Kubala ana kumatenga miyezi inayi.
2. Munthawi yakusaka kwachiwerewere, kulowetsedwa kuyenera kuchitika kawiri. Zizindikiro za kusaka kwachiwerewere zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro zotere: kuperewera kwa chakudya, kuda nkhawa, kugona msana panthawi yakukanda m'mbali.
3. Ndikofunika kupanga mating oyamba panthawi yoyamba kusaka maola 18, ndipo chachiwiri - maola 18 itatha yoyamba.
4. Zoyenera kupitilira farow zizikhala nthawi ya Epulo mpaka Ogasiti. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kujambula kalendala yokhala ndi pakati.
5. Mzere woyamba ukhoza kubweretsa ana osakwana 10. Mwana wachiwiri akhoza kukhala ndi anthu 20.
6. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa momwe nyama imadyera panthawi ya bere. Ndikofunikira panthawiyi kuti muwonjezere chakudya chobiriwira.

Kubadwa msanga kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro zakunja, zowonetseredwa masiku 3-5 nthawi isanathe (colostrum, redness of the genitalitho). Kubala mwana kumatenga pafupifupi maola 5-6. Pambuyo njirazi zimachitika pakuwumitsa nkhumba ndikusintha chikutiro cha nkhumba.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Musanaganize pakusankha mtundu, mphamvu ndi kufooka kwawo kumaphunziridwa.

Ubwino wa nkhumba yaku Vietnamese ya Misewuyi ndi monga:

• Kulemera msanga.
• Mafuta ochepa otsika poyerekeza ndi Mitundu ina.
• Zosagwirizana ndi zomwe ali mndende.
• Kutha msanga.
• Kutsitsa chakudya.
• Kuthekera kwa kuyenda pafupifupi chaka chonse.
• Kusakhalako kwathunthu kwa fungo.
• Chitetezo champhamvu.
• Mtima wodekha komanso wakhalidwe labwino.

Zowonongekazo zimaphatikizapo mtengo wokwera kwambiri wa mitengo ya nkhumba poyerekeza ndi Mitundu ina.

Zachilendo pazomwe zili ndi nkhumba za biloba

Mlimi yemwe akufuna kubereketsa nkhumba za Vietnamese ayenera kupereka malo oyenera kusunga nyama:

1. Nyumba yomangira nyumba izikhala yopangidwa ndi mitengo kapena njerwa. Palibe ming'alu yoyenera kukhalapo khoma.
2. Pansi pa konkriti ndi dothi lochotsa zinyalalazi liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi udzu watsopano.
3. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kupanga matabwa pansi. Chipangizocho chimakhala cha 1/3 cha pansi ponse.
4. Chipinda chokhala ndi malo a 4.5 × 3.5 m ndi kutalika kwa 2 m, nkhumba ziwiri zazikulu kapena nkhumba yokhala ndi ana itha kukwana.
5. Thumba la nkhumba liyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino ndi kutentha.
6. Muyenera kupanga mpanda wamayendedwe achilimwe ndi malo osachepera 9 m².
7. Mumsewu, ndikofunikira kupangira dziwe ndi matope. Ili ndi dzenje lomwe limayeza 2 × 1 m ndi 30 cm kuya.
8. Ndikofunikira kukonza malo odyetsa, kukhazikitsa chidebe chotalika pansi.

Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kukhazikitsa mitengo iwiri yolunjika yokhotakhota ndikuchotsekeramo dzuwa.

Malamulo a Kusankha Piglet

Kuti tilere nyama zathanzi zomwe zimatha kubereka ana athanzi komanso olimba mtsogolo, ndikofunikira kufikiratu ndikukutenga kwa nkhumba.

Choyamba, samalani ndi magawo otsatirawa:

• Funsani wogulitsa kuti awonetse nkhumba yomwe imagulitsa nkhumba.
• Khalani ndi chidwi ndi kulemera komwe nyamayo idabadwira ndikuyesa mphamvu yake masiku 10.
• Kuyesa mawonekedwe a nkhumba - nyama yathanzi imakhala ndi minofu yolimba, miyendo yolimba, yolumikizidwa kwambiri, ngakhale malaya komanso mawonekedwe amaso.
• Funsani zomwe zidadyetsa nkhumba.

Sikoyenera kugula nyama ngati panali zoposa 12 mu zinyalala chimodzi ndipo ngati famuyo ili ndi boar imodzi pakufesa zingapo.

Kusankha Kwa Piglet

Kuti mukhale ndi nkhumba yabwino, muyenera kudziwa zinsinsi zingapo:

• sibwino kugula mitengo ingapo kuchokera ku zinyalala zofanana,
• sindigula nkhumba kwa woweta yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito nguluwere imodzi kuphatikiza nkhumba zonse,
• muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi ndi gwero la nkhumba ndi kubzala,
• Dziwani kuchuluka kwa nkhumba patsiku loyamba ndikusintha kwa kakulidwe kazaka zilizonse,
• nkhumba imayenera kuyima molimba mtima pamapazi ake, kukhala ndi mawonekedwe athanzi, minofu yolukidwa bwino komanso kusangalala, chikuthengo chizikhala chachikulu.

Zofunika! Tizilombo tambiri titha kugula kuchokera kwa zinyalala, koma kuchuluka kwa ana mu zinyalala sikuyenera kupitirira 12 zidutswa.

Kusamalira Nkhumba

Kusamalira nkhumba zaku Vietnam kumakhala chakudya choyenera komanso kuyenda:

1. Ana agalu ayenera kuyenda panja nthawi yayitali tsiku lililonse.
2. Kusintha pakati pa chakudya kuyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono. Mukamakometsa chakudya, muyenera kupanga chakudya choyenera, chomwe chimaphatikizapo udzu, udzu ndi chakudya chosakaniza. Mbewu zina zilizonse ndizoyenera kudyetsa.
3. M'matumba a nkhumba ndi msipu ndikofunika kuyeretsa pafupipafupi kwa masiku 3-4 kuti nkhumba sizidwala komanso zoyera.

Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo chokwanira cha nyama zazing'ono, ndikofunikira kuchita katemera motsatira ndondomeko ya katemera.

Zofunikira kuchipinda

Momwe mungakhazikitsire gulu la nkhumba:

• Malo abwino kwambiri a nkhumba amawonedwa ngati njerwa yokhetsedwa ndi konkire.
• Kuti muteteze nyama ku chimfine chifukwa cha chisanu, nyengo ya 2/3 imakutidwa ndi matabwa.
• Pamakina amodzi omwe ali ndi malo a 4.5 lalikulu mita. mita sayenera kupitirira anthu awiri.
• Vesi limasiyidwa lankhondo lonse kuti ngolo yakunyamula manyowa idutsemo momasuka.
• Konzani dongosolo labwino la mpweya wabwino kuti musayambitse matenda opatsirana.
• Mwa kukoma kwanu ndi kuthekera kwanu, kukonzekeretsa kutentha. Ndikofunika kuti kutentha kwa pigsty kusagwere pansi madigiri 18-20, apo ayi kusokoneza thanzi la nkhumba ndi ana ake.

Kusamalira zinyama sikungatheke popanda kupereka kuyenda tsiku lililonse mlengalenga. Ngati mulibe mitengo pamalo osankhidwa, zipika zingapo zimakumbidwa mwapadera, chifukwa nyamazo zimakonda kupukusa misana yawo. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsanso denga kuti m'nthawi yamvula kapena yotentha nkhumba zibisike.

Kuphatikiza apo, sizingakhale zolakwika kuti apange dziwe labwino. Mizere yake ndi 2 x 2 metres. Nthawi ndi nthawi, madzi mkati mwake amasintha kukhala atsopano.

Kudyetsa ndi chakudya chofunikira, chiwembu

Zakudyazi ndizosiyana ndi nkhumba ndi nkhumba zachikulire. Kudyetsa ndi gawo limodzi lofunikira kwambiri pakukula nkhumba za Vietnamese. Komanso, osati thanzi zokha, komanso mtundu wa nyama yomwe idalandidwa pambuyo pake zimatengera gawo ili la chisamaliro. Chakudya chophatikiza sichigwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya cha "Vietnamese" - izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka chakudya chamagetsi. Nkhumba za mtundu uwu zimakhala ndi matumbo ochepa komanso m'mimba. Chifukwa chake, maudzu ndi nyama zodyedwa siziphatikizidwa ndi chakudyacho - chakudya chotere sichingapindule ndi nyama. Gwiritsani ntchito nyemba kapena nyemba zaudzu podyetsa.

Komanso, m'zakudya za nyama, chakudya cha pawiri chimakhalapo, mogwirizana monga phala.

Kuti muthane ndi chimbudzi komanso chakudya, gwiritsani ntchito tirigu wosweka. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya kuyenera kukhala tirigu ndi barele. Nandolo, oats ndi chimanga nawonso amawonjezeredwa, koma amaonetsetsa kuti gawo lomaliza silipitilira 10%. Kuchulukitsa kwa chinthuchi mu nkhumba, kunenepa kumayamba. Osataya chakudyacho popanda kuwonjezera mavitamini - mafuta a nsomba, komanso masamba abwino monga dzungu, kaloti ndi zukini amatengedwa kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri nyama. Musaiwale za mkaka ndi mazira.

Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe

Nkhumba zotere zimakonda bwino komanso zimakonda kukhala mwamtendere ndi anthu. Kuphatikiza apo, iwo, mosiyana ndi zikhulupiriro zofala za nyama zotere, ndizolondola kwambiri. Zamoyo zokongola izi zimakhala ndi thupi lotchedwa bacon physique.

Amasiyanitsidwa ndi thupi la squat, msana wotambalala ndi chifuwa chowoneka bwino. Chifukwa cha kutalika uku, amawoneka opepuka ngakhale ndi kukula pang'ono, komwe kumawonetsedwa makamaka chifukwa cha miyendo yayifupi.

Nkhumba yaku Vietnam

Ndingayang'anire bwanji pa chithunzi, Nkhumba yaku Vietnamese ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ya obadwa nayo mwa zizindikiro zakunja. Choyamba, kupaka kwake utoto nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakuda, nthawi zina bulauni, koma nthawi zina kumatha kuphatikizidwanso ndi mawanga oyera.

Phokoso la zolengedwa izi limawoneka bwino. Makutu awo osakhwima sakhala akulu kwenikweni, ndipo mutu wawo ndi wochepa. Koma mawonekedwe awo odziwika kwambiri ndi mimba zamisala. Zambiri za mawonekedwe zikuwoneka kale mu ma piglets pamwezi, koma ndi zaka zimangodziwoneka zowonjezereka.

Ndipo nkhumba zachikulire, m'mimba ndimatha kufika pansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti msana ukugwire mozungulira, komanso mawonekedwe a zolengedwa izi ndiwosangalatsa. Pazomwe tafotokozazi, ndichizolowezi kutchula dzina la mtundu wina wotere: Nkhumba yaku Vietnam yosanja. Nkhumba zawo zokhwima zimakhala ndi ma fupi pafupifupi 15 cm, zomwe zimawonjezera kwambiri kuwuma kwawo.

Chiputu chowoneka bwino chimamera kumbuyo kwa nyama, zomwe zimakonda kutuluka kwambiri munyengo zamkati. Komanso, zolengedwa izi zimapeza mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kwambiri. M'madera onse a thupi, tsitsi lawo limakhala lalitali, koma makamaka limakula pa nape ndi pamutu.

Kuswana kwa mtundu wotere wa nkhumba kumawonedwa ngati kopindulitsa chifukwa cha kusasamala kwa nyama zotere, kuphatikiza kwawo ndi kukhwima koyambirira. Tizilombo timeneti timamva bwino mu madera otentha a Asia, komanso amatengera nyengo yotentha ya mayiko aku Europe komanso nyengo yozizira ku Canada.

Vietnamese nkhumba ndi piglets

Pakadali pano, mtunduwu wafalikira ku Romania, ku Hungary, ndikudziwika ku Ukraine. Opanga aku Belarus ndi ku Russia amakonda kwambiri nkhumba zoterezi.

Masiku ano, kuyesayesedwa kuti izi zitheke. Amakonzekera kuwonjezera zokolola, kuwonjezera minofu yambiri mwa kuchuluka, komanso kukula kwa nyama.

Mwa njira iyi, obereketsa ndi obereketsa mwanzeru amagwira ntchito ku Canada ndi maiko ambiri a Eastern Europe. Masiku ano amakhulupirira kuti ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndi kukonza, komanso kutsatira miyezo yonse yazodyetsa, Ku Vietnam nkhumba zitha kukhala pafupifupi 150 kg.

Mtunduwu unali wowetedwa kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Zinayamba kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi posachedwa. Kuchokera ku Vietnam, kwawo, nkhumba zokhazokha mu 1985 zidaperekedwa kuti ziziberekera kum'mawa kwa Europe komanso kuwoloka nyanja ku Canada.

Whiskered Vietnamese Nkhumba

Kuyambira kuwonekera kwa mtunduwu ku Russia, nthawi yochepa kwambiri yapita. Ndipo pali zambiri zodalirika zokhudza izi, kotero nthawi zina zambiri zimatsutsana. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti nkhumba zaku Asia zamtunduwu zimagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo, chifukwa zimakhala ndi mayina ambiri, ngakhale awa ndi mayina osiyanasiyana amtundu womwewo. Mitundu iwiri yotchuka kwambiri ndi ya lop-eared ndi ya-vis-belled.

Anthu ena amasokoneza nkhumba izi ndi mangalits aku Hungary ofanana nawo m'njira zingapo. M'malo mwake, palibe mgwirizano pakati pawo. Kuchokera pofotokozedwa Mtundu wa nkhumba ku Vietnam tsopano alandila mitundu ina, yatsopano.

Ana oweta nkhumba

Izi ndi zolengedwa zokongoletsa, zazing'ono kwambiri, zomwe zimatchedwa mini-nkhumba. Kuchulukitsa kwa nyama zoweta zotere kumangokhala 20 kg.

Kuswana kunyumba

Nkhumba zotere zimatha kusungidwa ngati nkhuni kapena njerwa. Nthawi yomweyo, pamalopo mutha kuyika anthu ambiri, popeza nyama izi ndizochepa kwambiri.

Konzani chipindacho kuti chiziganizira nyengo zomwe malo omwe amapezekerako. Pansi pa nkhumba pali konkire. Mwa njira, kudzakhala kosavuta kuyeretsa.

Koma gawo la pansi m'chipindacho likufunikirabe ndi matabwa kuti nkhumba zisazizire panthawi yachisanu. Ngati mwana wa nkhumba atakhala wokulirapo, ndibwino kuti muchigawike ndi magawo kuti apange zolembera zingapo zoyenera.

Nkhumba ya Vietnamese yopanda kanthu

Monga zinawonekera kuchokera pakufotokozerako, mawonekedwe a nkhumba zotere ndi zosowa, chifukwa chake ndizovuta kuwasokoneza ndi aliyense. Koma popeza nyama zoterezi pazolinga zawo, lamulo losasunthika liyenera kukumbukiridwa: ngakhale kuyang'ana kunja kukaonetsa zizindikiro zonse za mtundu, sizitanthauza kuti munthuyo ndi wosadetsedwa.

Mwachitsanzo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzisamalira mosamala muzzle. Iwo, monga tanenera kale, ayenera kusefedwa. Kupanda kutero, ndiye kuti, ngati mchitidwewo ukukulirakulira, chiyembekezochi chiyenera kukhala chodabwitsidwa ndi mitundu ina ya nkhumba. Ndipo mwina sangakhale onyamula zinthu zofunika.

Mitunduyi imakhala yovuta kwambiri ndipo imatha kubereka.

Komanso, popanga malonda, kuti musakhumudwe pambuyo pake, ndikofunikira kulingalira ndikudzifotokozera nokha cholinga chogulacho: ngati mwiniwake akufuna kwambiri kusinthanitsa kapena kugulitsa nyama.

Monga nyama zanyama, zazikulu zazikulu za nkhumba, zomwe zochuluka ndi 60 kg, ndizoyenera kwambiri.China chilichonse chidzawonjezera kunenepa kwabwino. Tsoka ilo, mpaka pano sitinazolowere mawonekedwe a mtunduwu m'mitundu yambiri. Chifukwa chake, si aliyense amene amatha kuyamika kwambiri kuthekera kwa nyama yowutsa mudyo komanso chonde cha nyama zotere. Kwa ambiri, nyama imawoneka yonenepa kwambiri.

Nkhumba zaku Vietnam kunyumba sikutilemetsa lalikulu kwa eni, ndi osazindikira kwenikweni. Oimira mtunduwu amakula modabwitsa, kwambiri kotero kuti mu miyezi inayi nkhumba imatha kuonedwa ngati yokhwima.

Ndipo nkhumba zimapangidwa mokwanira pakatha miyezi iwiri, ndiye kuti, ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi amatha kale umuna. Ndipo izi zimasandulika kukhala mwayi wabwino kwa obereketsa, mosasamala kanthu za malingaliro awo pa zolengedwa. Kupatula apo, nkhumba zimakula mwachangu, zimalemera ndikubereka ana.

Mwa zina mwazabwino za mtunduwu, ndibwino kutchula:

• chitetezo chokwanira komanso kukana kwamphamvu mitundu yambiri yamatenda, omwe ndi cholowa,
• kusinthasintha kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe onse achikhalidwe cha m'derali komwe akuyenera kutulutsa,
• Kusamalira achikulire za ana awo, zomwe zimachotsa zovuta ndi ntchito kuchokera kwa eni.
• mukadula nyama zamtunduwu, maluso apadera safunikira ndipo kuyesereranso kwakukulu sikuyenera kuchitika,
• Kukula kwa nkhumba kumapangitsa kuti zisawononge ndalama zambiri polemera, koma zimalemera msanga,
• Ana a nkhumba amafa kuchokera kwa makolo awo, kuphatikizapo makumbukidwe amtundu, mwachitsanzo, za mbewu zapoizoni zomwe siziyenera kudyedwa.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Zakudya za nyama zotere zimasiyana pang'ono kuchokera pazosankha zachibale zodziwika bwino, choncho chakudya Nkhumba zaku Vietnam muyenera chosiyana pang'ono. Pali zozizwitsa zakuthupi, zomwe zimasintha dongosolo la kudyetsa.

Nyama izi zimatha kudzitamandira ndi mimba yathunthu, koma m'mimba mwawo ndizochepa kwambiri, ndipo chimbudzi cha chakudya chimakhala chothamanga. Kodi chifukwa chake dongosolo la kudya limasintha? Kudya kawiri patsiku, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi nkhumba zoyera, zolengedwa zotere sizokwanira, chifukwa chake, chiwerengero chawo patsiku chikuyenera kuchuluka.

Nkhumba zaku Vietnam zimakonda mavwende

Nyama izi ndizomera zokhazokha, chifukwa chake zitsamba ndizolandiridwa kwambiri pamakinawo, koma zatsopano zokha, ndizololedwa kuphatikizanso udzu, koma osati udzu, osalola kuti ziumitsidwe. Zukini, dzungu, maapulo, chimanga, ndi mapeyala zimatha kuwonjezeredwa pamndandandawu, zomwe ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa nkhumba zotere.

Koma ndikofunikira kusiya beets, ndizovulaza kwa iwo. Ndipo mfundo ina yofunika: sizikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa nyama zokhazokha ndi msipu, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera chakudya chachilengedwe.

Zachidziwikire, mwini aliyense akufuna Nyama yankhumba yaku Vietnamese Zidakhala zabwino kwambiri, makamaka ngati adabweretsera nyama yankhumba. Ndikofunika kuti izi sizikhala mafuta kwambiri, chifukwa chake sikofunikira kuti nyama zokhala ndi mafuta ochuluka, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuyang'anira kuwonda kwake.

Pankhaniyi, kulemera koyenera ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 100, mutha kupitilira pang'ono kapena mochepa, mapaundi khumi. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati ntchito yayikulu ndikupeza nyama yankhumba, imawonekeranso ngati yopanda barele ndi chimanga mosaposa 10% ya chakudya chonse.

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Khalidwe labwino la mtunduwu limadziwika kuti ndi chonde. Kupatula apo, nkhumba imodzi imatha kukondweretsa mwini, ndikupatsa nthawi imodzi mpaka 18 nkhumba. Zowona, izi sizichitika nthawi zonse, koma mbadwa za ana 12 obadwa kumene zimawerengedwa kuti ndi chizindikiro wamba.

At kuswana nkhumba za vietnamese mavuto aliwonse okhudzana ndi zochitika ndi kubala kwina nthawi zambiri siziwonekeratu. Ndipo ngati mumaganizira kusasinthika koyambirira kwa ziweto zotere, zomwe zidatchulidwa kale, nkhaniyo mokhudzana ndi phindu imakhala yopindulitsa.

Ali ndi miyezi inayi kale, thupi la mkazi limapangidwa kuti lizipanga siren ndi boar. Kufunitsitsa kwa mkazi kuwona ndi zizindikiritso sikovuta.

Mumitsempha, kulakalaka kumatha panthawi zoterezi, ndipo nkhawa zake zimadziwika. Inde, ndikofunikira pano kuti tisasakanize zizindikirazi ndi khungu. Komabe, nyama zotere sizimadwala. Koma chifukwa zizindikirozi zikuyenera kufalikira pakukonzekera kwa mumps pakukula.

Pali zizindikilo zina zatsatanetsatane: kutuluka kwa chiwalo choberekera. Ndipo mukaika chikhatho chanu pamphepete mwa nyamayo, nkhumbayo siziwonetsa kusakhutira, ikapindika ndikuyesera kuti ichoke, m'malo mwake, itenga malo osasunthika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mayiyo amamvetsetsa molondola ndi eni ake.

Nkhumba ya Vietnamese

Kupitilira apo, zonse zimachitika mwanjira yachilengedwe, koma mwini ndiye ayenera kuwunikira. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti palibe njira yodutsanirana ndi boar yokhudzana ndi magazi. Ndikofunika kusamalira izi pasadakhale: ndikwabwino kuti musatenge nkhumba za akazi osiyana kuchokera kwa obereketsa omwewo. Ndipo, ndikofunikira, kuthandiza nkhumba kuti ibwerere bwino ndikutsimikiza ndi mbewu.

Farrow wa Vietnam nkhumba, monga abale oyera, pamafunika kukonzekera kochokera kwa eni ake. Kupanda kutero, zingachitike zovuta zovuta. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuyandikira kwa tsikuli: kutupa kwa ma nipples mumps ndikuchepetsa m'mimba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kukonza chipinda choti chibadwire, popeza mwachotsa zonse zapamwamba. Ndi bwinonso kusintha udzu ndikusiya madzi okhaokha.

Pofuna kudula chingwe cha ma umbilical mosavuta, wolandirayo adzafunika lumo wapadera, ndipo thonje ndi ayodini zidzafunika kudula. Pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa ana, pakamwa pawo ndi pakamwa pakhale kutsukidwa kwa ntchofu.

Ndipo mkati mwa ola loyambirira ayenera kulandira kale kuvala kwamtundu wa colostrum ya amayi. Izi ziyeneranso kutsatiridwa. Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa nkhumba zathanzi kwa odwala. Amadya bwino komanso amagwira ntchito.

Ngati nkhumba imabweretsa ana kwa nthawi yoyamba, kuchuluka kwa nkhumba nthawi zambiri sikokwanira, koma pambuyo pake kuchuluka kwa ana kumachulukanso. Mkazi wabwino amatha kukhala ndi ana kawiri pachaka. Ndipo izi zimachitika pamoyo wake wonse, pomwe amatha kuwerengetsa zaka 30. Poterepa, mwini luso lalikulu pakuweta nkhumba zotere nthawi zambiri safunika.

Dongosolo ndi kufotokozera kwa mtunduwu

Mitunduyi idasanjidwa ku Southeast Asia monga imodzi ya mitundu ya ku Asia belled herbivore nkhumba. Ku Europe ndi North America, nthumwi za gulu lodyedwa kumeneli zidayamba kutumizidwa mwachangu kuchokera m'ma 80 a zana lomaliza makamaka kuchokera ku Vietnam. Otsala adazindikira msanga kuthekera kwa nkhumba izi ndipo adayamba kuswana mwachangu kuti achulukitse, kuchulukitsa kukula ndi zipatso, ndikuwongolera kukoma kwa nyama. Masiku ano, nkhumba zoyera za Vietnamese zimaleredwa pafupifupi maiko onse apadziko lapansi, koma nthawi zambiri sizokhudza anthu wamba, koma za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhumba zomwe zimapezeka podutsa ku Asia ndi ku Europe.

Chimodzi mwazabwino kwambiri zomwe zimapezeka ndi nkhumba ku Asia, taganizirani zomwe zimadziwika kuti karmal.

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nkhumba zaku Asia ndi herbivore, ndiye kuti, magawo a kapangidwe ka chakudya m'mimba, kuloleza kuyamwa kwabwino kwa zakudya zam'mera. Kunja, izi zimawonekera pamaso pamimba yakulemera kwambiri ikutsika pansi - chifukwa chake dzinalo "wokhala ndi mimba". Nyama zimakhala ndi thupi lamphamvu wokhala ndi sternum lalikulu komanso kumbuyo, lalifupi mwamphamvu ndi miyendo yamfupi. Mutu umakhala pakati komanso wokulirapo, wofanana ndi nkhope wanyumba, wokhala ndi zikopa zofanana ndi "accordion" pamutu.

Nthawi zina nkhumba zowonongeka zimatchedwa mol-ered. M'malo mwake, makutu awo ndi ang'ono komanso owongoka.

Nkhumba zachikulire zimatha kupeza kulemera kwakanthawi kwa 100-120 kg, ndi nkhumba zakutchire - 120-140 kg, koma zokwanira kuphedwa ndi nyama zomwe zimalemera kuyambira 50-60 mpaka 80 makilogalamu wazaka 6-8. Mafuta awo osakanikirana samasungidwa, ndipo nyamayo ndi "marble" - yotsamira komanso yofewa, yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Komanso, zokolola zake zimakhala pafupifupi 70% ya mtembo.

"Vietnamese" wosalala, monga lamulo, wamtundu wakuda wokhala ndi mawanga oyera pamutu. Tsopano, chifukwa chosankha mosinthika, maonekedwe a mbalame zokhala ndi timiyala tambiri tosiyanasiyana: oyera, owala kapena ofiira ndi mikwingwirima yakuda.

Kubala zipatso

Ubwino wabwino pakusamalira mtundu uwu ndi:

• kuwongolera - anyaniwa amafika pofika zaka 4 mpaka 4,5 ndipo amatha kubereka,
• mimba zingapo - mu mzere woyamba, nkhumba za Vietnamese sizibweretsa 6 piglets, ndipo mwa alimi otsatira kuchuluka kwa ana kumawonjezeka pa wastani mpaka 10-12 (pazofika mpaka 20),
• kudziwika - kwa chaka chimodzi, nkhumba imatha kupitirira kawiri (kubereka kumatenga miyezi yochepera 4), yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wopezeka ndi ziphuphu zopitilira 20.

Ndikofunika kuti njira za umuna ndi kubereka mwana zimachitika mwachilengedwe, popanda kupempha anthu kuti azilowerera, kuphatikiza chithandizo chanyama.

Nkhumba zimawonetsa thupi lodziwika bwino, kudyetsa ndi kusamalira ana mwachidwi. Ana a nkhumba amabadwa ang'ono (kuyambira 450 mpaka 600 g), koma onenepa mwachangu kwambiri (250-350 g patsiku). Akazi omwe amabereka nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mkaka wambiri - wokwanira ngakhale kwa mwana wamkulu. Nguluwe zatsopano, zomwe zakonzedwa kuti zidayesedwe kuphedwa, ziyenera kupakidwa nthawi yomweyo kapena mpaka miyezi 1.5, apo ayi nyama yawo imakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa, komanso ukali wowonekera ungawonekere mu chikhalidwe cha amuna okhwima mwakugonana. Mwambiri, oimira mtunduwu amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe abata komanso amtendere, amagwirizana komanso nyama zina zapakhomo ndi mbalame. Malinga ndi alimi ambiri a nkhumba, vuto lalikulu ndi kuphedwa ndikumakonda kwa nyama zokongola izi.

Zapadera zamkati ndi kunenepa

Nkhumba za ku Asia sizikulu, motero sizifunikira malo akuluakulu kuti azisungidwa. Iwo ali kwambiri oyera: Osanyoza komwe amagona kapena pafupi ndi odyetsa ndi akumwa, kusamba mosangalala (ngati pali dziwe laling'ono). Kuphatikiza apo, nyama kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ofala kwambiri, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wopeza katemera. Mu nkhumba ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuuma, kusowa kwa mapangidwe ake, kutentha kwanyengo ndi kuthekera kwa mpweya wabwino.

M'miyezi yotentha, nkhumba kuyenda kwaulere kumafunika m'malo a udzu pomwe amatha kusuntha ndikudya msipu - udzu ndi mphukira zazitsamba. Nyama zonyalanyazidwa mwayi wotere zimakula kwambiri, zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa minofu yambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimadwala vitamini.

Pamlingo wamtundu, nkhumba za Vietnamese zimatha kusiyanitsa mbewu zabwino ndi zapoizoni.

Nkhumba za Herbivore zimadya pang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri. Zakudya zawo zimakhala pafupifupi 80% ya unyinji wobiriwira, masamba (dzungu ndi masamba mizu), zipatso zakugwa. 20% yotsalayo imalimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza zinthu monga chimanga (chinangwa, chophwanyika), ma acorn, ma chestnuts. M'nyengo yozizira, gawo lazakudya za tirigu limakulitsidwa mpaka 30%, ndipo m'malo mwa udzu watsopano amapatsidwa udzu ndi udzu, nyemba (nandolo ndi chimanga), beets chakudya, mbatata yophika, ndi zinyalala zakukhitchini m'malo mwa udzu watsopano.

Kupeza nyama yopendekera ndi mafuta ochulukirapo panthawi yanenepa nyama zazing'ono, zosakaniza za tirigu zopangidwa ndi barele, rye ndi tirigu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti nyama imere mafuta, ndidyetse akuluakulu (pambuyo pa miyezi 7-8) akulangizidwa kuti azikhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri: oats ndi nyemba. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa nkhumba tsiku lililonse kumafikira 500 g, ndipo ku nkhumba mpaka magalamu 600. Kusinthanitsa pafupipafupi kwa zakudya kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi nyemba kumapangitsa mapangidwe a nyama yankhumba, momwe mafuta owonda amaphatikizidwa ndi nyama.

Mtengo wa zopangidwa ndi nyama ku nkhumba zonenepa ndi ma bere ndizotsika poyerekeza ndi mtundu wina womwe umabzala, chifukwa zimatha kupulumutsa pama feed apawiri.

Malingaliro okhudzana ndi kukoma kwa nyama ndi osemphana: malinga ndi ndemanga zina, ndizochepa kuposa nkhumba wamba zapakhomo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kukoma, ena amakhulupirira kuti nyama ya nkhumba za herbivorous ndiyothandiza kwambiri, yosalimba komanso ngati nkaka kuposa nkhumba yachikhalidwe.

Ndemanga za obereketsa

Yuriy, wazaka 31, Lviv dera

Anthu athu sathamanga kukapeza nkhumba zaku Asia, ngakhale akunena kuti izi sizongopeka, koma zopindulitsa. Mwa njira, kumayiko oyandikana ndi Poland alinso ochepa, ndipo ku Hungary amawasunga pafupifupi pafamu iliyonse. A Vietnamese ndi oyera kwambiri, odekha, omvera komanso ochezeka. Grass imadyedwa mwatsopano komanso youma. Ngati pali mwayi woti msipu udye, ndiye kuti zitha kukupatsani msipu wabwino. Ndipo ngati adyetsedwa ndi chakudya chonyowa, ndiye kuti azidya mafuta pamaso pathu.

Sergey, wazaka 46, Usman

Adakweza munthu wake woyamba wa Vietnamese, lero adasinthana. Pa miyezi isanu ndi itatu, tinali ndi makilogalamu 40 a kulemera kwa ukonde, mafuta pang'ono, kwinakwake pafupifupi masentimita 2. Azungu osavuta pofika m'badwo uwu anali atapeza kale makilogalamu 80. Anadyetsa momwemonso, adapatsa udzu wambiri komanso nthambi yaying'ono ya oat ku Vietnamese, ndipo nthawi zina amawonjezera zinyalala kuchokera kukhitchini. Ana agalu ndi ochezeka kwambiri, akugwedeza mchira wawo ngati agalu mukalowa mu pigsty. Chachikulu ndikuti ngakhale pansi kapena mitengo isakugwedezeka, maloko omwe ali pazitseko samatuluka. Ndikadula, sindinakonde kuti khungu limakhala louma komanso loyera kuposa lazungu, ndipo silikhala loyera pambuyo pochita manyazi. Koma nyama ndi mafuta ndizopepuka, ndidakonda kuti azilawa. Ndizomveka kuswana nokha, koma osagulitsa.

Oleg, wazaka 52, Rechitsa

Nyama yabwino kwambiri yotsekemera kuchokera ku durok, kuchokera ku Vietnamese ndizakuti. Zimatengera chakudya. Mtundu wa nkhumba uwu ndiwosangalatsa makamaka kwa obereketsa chifukwa amagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Amawoloka zoyera, mwachitsanzo, ndipo amakula msanga, ndipo mcherewo umakhalapo.

Anna, wazaka 45, dera la Omsk

Timapukuta mbama za Vietnamese mukangobadwa, tumizani nkhumba ndi kuziluma ndi malekezero apamwamba komanso otsika omwe amakhala ndi nippers. Mukapanda kuchotsa ma fangawo, ndiye kuti amakula mpaka 15 cm. Osadula chingwe cha ma umbilical nthawi yomweyo, koma utsi ndi Kubatol. Ikawuma pang'onopang'ono, ing'ambirani pamtunda wa 8-10 cm ndikuwazanso ndi Kubatol. Chifukwa chake simuyenera kuvutika ndi ulusi ndi kusiya kutaya magazi. Pakatha masiku 2-3, imayamba kuwuma yokha, koma muyenera kuyang'ananso ndipo nthawi zina mumayesanso. Nthawi yomweyo, timabayira mavitamini ndi iron mu ma piglets.

Kanema

Olera odziwa ntchito ochokera kudera la Saratov (mavidiyo awiri oyamba) komanso ochokera ku Transnistria (kanema wotsiriza) amayankha mafunso okhudza kusunga, kudyetsa ndi kukuza nkhumba zaku Vietnam m'mavidiyo otsatirawa:

Kwa zaka zingapo amagwira ntchito ngati mkonzi wa pulogalamu yapa kanema wawonetserali ndi opanga zodzikongoletsera ku Ukraine. M'dzikomo, amakonda kukolola zamtundu uliwonse wa ntchito zaulimi, koma chifukwa cha izi amakhala wokonzeka kumera udzu, kuwaza, kutsina, madzi, kumanga, kuwonda, etc. Ndikukhulupirira kuti masamba ndi zipatso zabwino kwambiri ndizopangidwa ndi manja!

Mwapeza cholakwika? Sankhani lembalo ndi mbewa ndikusindikiza:

Mlimi wochokera ku Oklahoma, Carl Burns, adabzala chimanga chachilendo, chomwe chimatchedwa Rainbow Corn ("utawaleza"). Mchenga uliwonse khutu ndi la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mithunzi: bulauni, pinki, violet, buluu, zobiriwira, ndi zina. Izi zinatheka ndi zaka zambiri posankha mitundu yodziwika bwino yoyambira ndi kudutsa.

Dziko lakwawo la tsabola ndi America, koma ntchito yayikulu yopangira kulima mitundu yotsekemera idachitika, makamaka, yolembedwa ndi Ferenc Horvath (Hungary) m'ma 1920s. XX m'ma Europe, makamaka ku Balkan.Pepper adabwera ku Russia kuchokera ku Bulgaria, chifukwa chake idakhala ndi dzina lodziwika bwino - "Chibugariya".

Humus - zowola manyowa kapena ndowe za mbalame. Amakonza motere: manyowa adamuunjikana mulu kapena mulu, wophatikizidwa ndi utuchi, peat ndi dothi la m'munda. Burt imakutidwa ndi kanema kuti kukhazikitse kutentha ndi chinyezi (izi ndizofunikira kuwonjezera ntchito ya tizilombo). Feteleza "wakucha" mkati mwa zaka 2-5 - kutengera nyengo zakunja ndi kapangidwe kazinthu zovalazo. Kutulutsa ndikutulutsa kachulukidwe kokhala ndi fungo labwino la dziko lapansi latsopano.

Tomato alibe chitetezo chachilengedwe ku ngozi yoyipa. Ngati vuto lakachedwa kugundana, tomato aliyense amafa (ndi mbatata nazonso), ziribe kanthu zomwe zanenedwa pakufotokozedwa kwa mitundu ("mitundu yothana ndi vuto loyipa" ndikungogulitsa).

Mitundu ya "sitirigu osazizira" ya mtundu wina wa sitiroberi (nthawi zambiri imangokhala "sitiroberi") imafunikiranso pobisalira monga mitundu yosiyanasiyana (makamaka m'malo omwe mumakhala nyengo yachisanu kapena chisanu osinthana ndi thaw). Masamba onse ali ndi mizu yopanda tanthauzo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti popanda pogona iwo amawuma. Chitsimikizo cha ogulitsa kuti sitiroberi wamtchire ndi "chosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu", "cholimba nthawi yachisanu", "chimalekerera chisanu mpaka −35 ℃", ndi zina zotere. Wamaluwa ayenera kukumbukira kuti palibe amene wakwanitsa kusintha mizu ya sitiroberi.

Ku Denmark yaying'ono, malo aliwonse ndiosangalatsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, wamaluwa am'deralo adasinthana ndikulima masamba atsopano m'matumba, zikwama zazikulu, mabokosi anyumba zodzazidwa ndi osakaniza apadera a dothi. Njira ngati za agrotechnical zimakupatsani mwayi woti mulandire mbewu ngakhale kunyumba.

Ku Australia, asayansi adayesa kuyesa mitundu yambiri ya mphesa zomwe zimamera m'malo ozizira. Kutentha kwanyengo, komwe kunanenedweratu kwa zaka 50 zikubwerazi, kuwatsogolera. Mitundu yaku Australia imakhala ndi machitidwe abwino opewera kuwotcha ndipo singatengere matenda omwe amapezeka ku Europe ndi America.

Mapulogalamu oyenerera a Android adapangidwa kuti athandize wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa. Choyambirira, ndikufesa (mwezi, maluwa, ndi zina), makalendala, magazini okongoletsa, zopereka za malangizo othandiza. Ndi thandizo lawo, mutha kusankha tsiku labwino kubzala mtundu uliwonse wa mbewu, kudziwa nthawi yakucha ndi kututa kwakanthawi.

Ma poizoni achilengedwe amapezeka muzomera zambiri, ndipo masamba omwe amapezeka m'minda ndi m'minda yamasamba ndiwonso. Chifukwa chake, m'mafupa a maapulo, ma apricots, mapichesi pali hydrocyanic (cyanide-hydrogen) acid, ndipo pamwamba ndi peel ya nightshade wosapsa (mbatata, biringanya, tomato) - solanine. Koma musachite mantha: chiwerengero chawo ndi chochepa kwambiri.

Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono pokonzekera phala podyetsa nkhumba

Gawo 1

Pokonzekera phala yathanzi komanso yopanda thanzi, ma bere akudya ndi chimanga chophwanyika amatengedwa pamtundu wa 2: 1.

Chimanga Chosemedwa Pakati

Gawo 2

Madzi akumwa amathiridwa mu poto yoyera ndikubwera chithupsa, pambuyo pake chimatsanuliramo chimanga chambiri, ndipo chimaphikidwa pamoto wochepa kwa mphindi 20.

Kukhazikitsa zida za chimanga mumphika

Gawo 3

Mbewuyo ikaphika, chakudya cha barele chimawonjezeredwa kwa icho, chilichonse chimathiridwa mchere pang'ono ndikuwuphika, ndikusuntha phala, kwa mphindi khumi.

Gawo 4

Asanadye, chakudya chophika chimakhazikika.

Kudyetsa Nkhumba Porridge

Mbiri ya mtundu wa Vietnamese

Nguluwe yobereketsa Vietnamese Whiskers idabwera kuchokera ku Vietnam kupita ku Canada ndi Eastern Europe m'ma 80-ma century apitawa. Popita nthawi, mafashoni operekera nkhumbazi adafalikira kumayiko ambiri: America, France, Hungary, Poland ndi mayiko ena. Ntchito yolimba kwambiri ya kubereka ikuchitika ku Hungary ndi Canada. M'mayiko awa, obereketsa akuyesera kuti amtunduwo azabala zipatso kwambiri kuti abereke mwakuwonjezera kukula kwa nyamayo ndi kuchuluka kwa minofu yake. Ku Belarus, mtundu uwu udafalikira kwambiri osati kale kwambiri, alimi a ziweto akungoyamba kumene kubala nkhumba zokongola izi.

Zojambula za mtundu uwu

Nkhumba za Vietnamese zimasiyana pamitundu ina zomwe zimayenera kuganiziridwa mukamazipanga. Ambiri a iwo ndi zochitika zomwe zimatsimikiza kufalikira mwachangu kwa mafashoni pakukonza nkhumba.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za kuswana ndi kusinthasintha kwanyama kwa nyama. Pafupifupi miyezi inayi, zazikazi zimayamba kubereka, ndipo nkhumba zakuthengo ndizokonzeka kubereka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Komanso, chisamaliro cha nkhumba zatsopano sizovuta, chifukwa nkhumba sizimasokoneza iye komanso amakhala ochezeka. Iyenso amasamalira mwana, wokhala ndi chibadwa chobadwa nacho.

China chomwe chimapanga nkhumba ku Vietnam ndi kusatetezeka kwawo bwino, amalekerera nyengo yotentha komanso nyengo yozizira. Nyama izi zimangoopa zojambulajambula, zomwe zimapha makamaka nkhumba.

Maonekedwe a nkhumba zaku Vietnam

Nkhumba yaku Vietnam yomwe idasewera idatchedwa dzina chifukwa chamimba yayikulu yopendekera, yomwe imagunda kwambiri chifukwa cha miyendo yayifupi.

Nkhumba imatha kukhala yoyera kapena yakuda. Pali anthu amtundu wa marble kuphatikiza zonsezi. Chifukwa cha miyendo yayifupi, mimba ya nkhumba ili pafupi kugunda pansi. Msana wawo ndi wowongoka pang'ono, ndipo makutu ang'onoang'ono amakhala pamitu yawo. Ma stigmas amakumbukira kuchuluka kwa ma foldion a region. Kunja, chigamba cha nkhumba izi ndi chofanana ndi nkhope ya mbeyoyi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma bend.

Chimodzi mwazosiyana ndi miyendo yayifupi.

Nkhumba zimatha kukula ndikukula thupi pazaka zisanu zoyambirira, ngakhale kuti pang'onopang'ono njirayi ikukula pang'onopang'ono. Kulemera kwa nkhumba zaku Vietnamese, mpaka kufika zaka pafupifupi 80 makilogalamu. Pa msika wa ziweto, anthu omwe akulemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 100 nthawi zambiri amaimiridwa.

Kuswana nkhumba ku Vietnam

Nkhumba za Vietnamese zozungulira zokhala ndi ma tchire zimatchuka chifukwa cha zabwino zotsatirazi:

• Ndalama zochepa
• Kuthekera kwa pafupifupi chaka chonse (kutengera malo okuberekera), chifukwa nkhumba zimatha kulolera kutentha nthawi yachisanu.
• Amakhala ndi nyama yofewa yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso osowa mitsempha. Cholesterol yotsika mumtengowo imapangitsa kuti idye kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amitsempha,
• Kukula kwakanthawi komwe kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mugwire anthu angapo nthawi imodzi pamakina akulu kwambiri,
• Nyama zimakhala zoyera kwambiri, zopanda fungo linalake pafupi ndi nkhumba zina za mitundu ina,
• Kukanani ndi matenda ndi kutentha kumasintha chitetezo chokwanira,
• Kukula msanga kumapangitsa kuti mbeu yoyamba iberekane kuchokera ku mumps, yomwe imangofika miyezi 9 mpaka 9. Nthawi yomweyo, nyama zomwe zimakhala zaka pafupifupi 30 zimatha kupitiliza kukhala moyo wawo wonse. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhumba za mtundu wa Vietnamese ndizowonjezereka, zimabweretsa kuchokera ku nkhumba 12 mpaka 20 nthawi imodzi,
• Wodekha komanso wamakhalidwe abwino. Amaloleza mwiniwakeyo nkhumba, osaphwanya zoweta, ali ndi kuthekera kochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Nkhumba za Vietnamese zimakhala zopanda chitetezo

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mtundu wa nkhumba?

Ubwino wonse wa mtundu uwu udzakhala weniweni pokhapokha mukasankha anthu athanzi omwe angathe kubala ana mtsogolo. Nthawi zina pamakhala nkhumba yolumikizana yaku Vietnamese, ndemanga zake sizabwino kwambiri. Monga lamulo, nyama zotere zimalemera pafupifupi 40-60 makilogalamu pofika chaka, ndipo mwini munda sangathe kubereka ngakhale kwa wamkazi kwa miyezi 10. Zotsatira zake nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa chosankha nkhumba. Kuti mugule nyama yoyenera kuswana, muyenera kulabadira izi:

• Ngati woweta ali ndi zofesa zingapo komanso nguluwe imodzi pafamuyo, ndibwino kuti asagule nkhumba m'malo ano. Nyama zoterezi zidzakhala za abale, zomwe sizingatheke kukhala ndi ana athanzi.
• Kuti muwonetsetse kuti wogulitsa amakhala ndi zaka zakathumba ndi kufunikira kwake, mutha kufunsa kuti muwonetse nkhumba yomwe idabala chinyama. Ngati nkhumba imakhala ndi mwezi umodzi wokha, ndiye kuti nkhumba imayenera kukhala ndi magawo amkaka otentha, iyenera kuwoneka yoperewera. Kupanda kutero, nkhumbayo ndi yokalamba kuposa momwe wogulitsa akuti, kapena nkhumba ina ili pamaso pa wogula.
• Muyenera kudziwa momwe nkhumba zimabadwira. Ndikwabwino ngati wogulitsayo auzanso mphamvu zakukula kwa nyama pamasiku 10 kuyambira tsiku lobadwa.
• Mutha kudziwa chinyama chathanzi. Minofu iyenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino. Miyendo ya anthu athanzi ndi yolimba, yolowedwa mbali zonse. Chizindikiro chakunja kwa kukhala amtunduwu ndi mtundu wonyoza, womwe umakhala ndi mafupa amphuno angapo. Ngati nkhumbayo ili ndi mutu wautali, thupi ndi miyendo yozungulira ngati zilembo "X", ndiye kuti munthu wadwala. Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikirazi zitha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka komwe kunachitika chifukwa cha kubadwa kwa nkhumba kuchokera kwa makolo-abale. Nkhumba yathanzi imasiyanitsidwa ndi thupi lolimba, chovalacho ndi chokhacho, ndipo maso ake amakhala owala. Nyama yotereyi ndi yogwira ntchito, imakhala ndi chilakolako chabwino. Kusuntha kwabwino kwa nkhumba kumatsimikiziridwa ndikugwedeza mchira woonda mbali ndi mbali. Mtundu ulibe kanthu. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yakuda, koma ngakhale zinyalala imodzi, nkhumba zimatha kukhala zoyera komanso zosakanizidwa.
• Simungatenge ma piglets omwe adatuluka zinyalala zomwezi.
• Popeza mwasankha nkhumba, muyenera kufunsa za chakudya chomwe mumagulitsa kale. Kusinthana ndi chakudya china sikuyenera kukhala kwadzidzidzi, mwinanso chinyama chimadwala.
• Ngati zinyalala zili ndi zopitilira 12, ndiye kuti nyama zotere zimakhala zopanda mphamvu. Kusankha kuyenera kumwedwa mosamala kwambiri.

Kusankhidwa kwa malo osungira nkhumba

Nkhumba yaku Vietnamese ndi chosasamala pokonza

Nkhumba ziwiri zazikulu, nkhumba imodzi yokhala ndi nkhumba kapena nkhumba imayikidwa mu mulomo umodzi pafupifupi 4.5 m 2 kukula. Mukakonza kapangidwe ka nkhumba pakati pa makina, ndikofunikira kusiya gawo lokwanira kuti galeta liyende, lomwe lingathe kuchotsa manyowa. Chipindacho chiyenera kukhala chopangidwira bwino mpweya wabwino. Kusowa kwa mpweya wabwino komanso kufalikira kwa nkhumba zimakhudza thanzi la nyama.

Ngakhale kuti kuswana kwa nkhumba zokhala ku Vietnamese ndizotheka ngakhale kutentha kwambiri, komwe kumalekerera, chifukwa nthawi yozizira mukufunikirabe kuda nkhawa kuti mumatenthetsa nkhumba. Kwa ofesa ndi nkhumba zatsopano, kuzizira kumatha kupha. Kuti ana akhale athanzi, akule bwino ndikuchira, amafunika kutentha osachepera 20 digiri Celsius. Kutentha kwachipinda kumatha kuchitika ndi ma conveector a gasi, chitofu cha Russia, ndi njira zina zotenthetsera.

Momwe angakonzekere paddock kwa nkhumba?

Pa paddock siteji, ngati mitengo singakulitsepo, muyenera kukumba mitengo yaying'ono pansi. Nkhumba zimakonda kupaka pa iwo. Denga lowala lomwe limateteza zinyama ku mvula ndi dzuwa lowala silisokoneza malowa.

Zidzakondweretsa kwambiri nkhumba za mtundu uwu, zomwe zimakonda kusambira mumatope, mtundu wa dziwe. Udindo wake utha kuchitika ndi kukhumudwa pang'ono pansi ndikuyeretsa 2 ndi mita. Dzenjelo liyenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi oyera nthawi ndi nthawi. Dziwe ili, nkhumba zimatha kuthana ndi tizilombo tokwiyitsa, komanso kuzizira nyengo yotentha.

Kudyetsa nkhumba za vietnamese

Zakudya zoyenera ndikofunikira osati kukula kwa nyama yathanzi komanso kulemera kwabwino, komanso kulandira nyama yapamwamba, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi nkhumba za Vietnamese komanso zokhala ndi nkhumba. Kudyetsa nyama kumadalira kapangidwe kake ka chakudya chawo. Mimba yaying'ono komanso m'mimba mwake yaying'ono, kuyenda mwachangu kwa chakudya kudzera m'mimba kumapangitsanso kuti chakudya chamafuta chisaoneke. Kuchuluka kwa nkhumba wamba, monga chakudya cham'madzi, udzu, chifukwa mtundu wa Vietnamese sungachite bwino. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri tambiri tambiri - nyemba, clover, timayamwa bwino m'matumbo a nkhumba izi.

Njira yabwino ndi chakudya, yophika mu mawonekedwe a phala wandiweyani. Zakudya zotere zimangokhala mkamwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo nkhumba za ku Vietnam zimazitafuna. Kuwona kusasinthika kumeneku kumathandizira kuti pakhale malovu ambiri, mothandizidwa ndi omwe wowuma amadutsa mu shuga. Izi zimathandizira njira yogaya.

Kudyetsa nkhumba ndi gawo lofunikira pakukonza kwawo

Kotero kuti chakudya chimamwa kwambiri momwe mungathere, makonda ayenera kuperekedwa kwa tirigu wosweka. Zidutswa zonse zambewu zimadutsa m'mimba yamagetsi osasinthika osakumbidwa.

Maziko a chakudya chamagulu ndi barele ndi tirigu. Mafuta, nandolo ndi chimanga zimaphatikizidwanso kwa icho. Zotsirizazo siziyenera kupitirira 10%, chifukwa phala ili limapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri mu nkhumba. Ngati muwonjezera chimanga chochuluka ku chakudya, sizingatheke kupeza nyama yankhumba.

Ma Vitamini othandizira amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa thanzi la nkhumba. Tizilombo ta nkhumba titha kupatsidwa mafuta a nsomba, timafesa timawonjezera mazira, mkaka, mavitamini ku ndowa. Mwanthawi yaiwisi, kuti mavitamini asawonongedwe, mutha kupatsa nyama zukini, kaloti, dzungu. Ngati masamba akadali owiritsa, ayenera kuphika nthawi yomweyo musanadye.

Farrow

Chofunikira kwambiri pakuwonekera kwa ana athanzi ndikusowa kwa ubale pakati pa nkhumba ndi nguluwe. Kupanda kutero, mawonekedwe a piglets okhala ndi zofooka, ofooka komanso odwala, ndizotheka. M'tsogolomo, nyama zotere zimayamba kulemera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimatha kukhala ndi ana awo.

Nkhumba yaku Vietnam yokhala ndi mapapo am'madzi imafika zaka 4, nguluwe - pambuyo pake. Ndikotheka kudziwa kuti mutha kuyamba kukhwima ndi boma la nkhumba. Amakhala wopanda nkhawa, maliseche amtunduwo amatupa. Ikakanikizidwa pa croup, nyamayo imazizira malo amodzi. Ngati zizindikiro zonsezi zikuwoneka, nkhumba imatha kumangidwira tsiku limodzi kupita kwa nkhumbazo. Mphukira woyamba wa nkhumba za ku Vietnam uli pafupifupi nkhumba 5, kenako nyama 20 mpaka kubadwa, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 12.

Mimba ya nkhumba imatha masiku 114 mpaka 118. Masiku angapo asanabadwe, nyamayi imayamba kuda nkhawa, kupatsa chisa chisa, kumeza mosamala. Ngati colostrum idawonekera kuchokera ku nipples, ndiye kuti mawonekedwe a piglets adzachitika mkati mwa tsiku limodzi. Pakukutikirani muyenera kukonzekera bwino. Makinawa amafunika kutsukidwa bwino, kusiya kokha udzu ndi mbale yamadzi oyera. Payokha, muyenera kukongoletsa ngodya za ana akhanda akhanda. Malowa akhale otentha, m'maola oyamba amoyo, kutentha kuzikhala bwino pafupifupi madigiri 30.

Mpando woyamba ndi pafupifupi nkhumba zisanu

Ngati ndi kotheka, misewu ya nkhumba imatsukidwa ndi ntchofu, kenako ndikuyika m'malo okonzekera kuyuma. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti muora loyamba la moyo wake, nkhumba iliyonse imalandira kuchuluka kwa colostrum. Lili ndi michere yambiri, yomwe ikusowa kwambiri mwa ana akhanda.

Pamba ambiri amadya mkaka wokha, womwe umakwaniritsa zosowa zawo m'zakudya zonse. Chosiyana ndi chitsulo. Popewa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi la ana, nkhumba zimatha kubayidwa ndi mankhwala apadera.

Pafupifupi, masiku 10 amoyo, nkhumba zimalemera 1 kg, masiku 20 - 1.5-2 makilogalamu. Pofika mwezi wathunthu, nkhumba yokhala ndi kulemera kwa thupi pakubadwa 400-450 g iyenera kulemera osachepera 2,5 kg.

Kuti mupeze phindu lolemera, pakatha sabata limodzi nkhumba zimayamba kudyetsa. Itha kukhala choko, makala, zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi calcium, phosphorous. Masiku 10 pambuyo pobadwa, nyama zimapatsidwa madzi oyera. Ma piglets a masabata awiri amatha kudyetsedwa ndi phala lolimba.Pakatha mwezi umodzi kuchokera pakubadwa, kuchuluka kwa mkaka mu nkhumba kumachepetsedwa, panthawiyi ana ayenera kuphunzira kutafuna chakudya okha. Munthawi imodzimodziyo, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa kuchulukitsa kwapadera kwa amayi kuchokera kwa amayi.

Mwachidule

Kuswana nkhumba za mtundu uwu ndi ndalama zolimbikitsa. Malipenga amtchire aku Vietnamese, mtengo wa munthu wamkulu yemwe ndi ma ruble pafupifupi 8,000, ndiwodzikweza kwambiri, safunikira chakudya chamtengo ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kubereka kotsika mtengo ndikusankha bwino nkhumba, mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 3,000.

Nyama ya nkhumba zamtunduwu ndizachifundo komanso chokoma. Zawoneka pamsika posachedwa, koma zidapeza kale kukhulupirika kwa ogula. Nyama ya anthu wamba osachepera 40 kg ndiyabwino kwambiri, ngakhale mitembo yakulemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 100 ikugwa pamsika.

Nkhumba za Vietnamese

Nyama ya nkhumba yokhala ndi miyendo yaku Vietnam yokhala ndi cholesterol yotsika, imasunga michere yambiri m'njira zamtundu uliwonse wotentha.

Kuti ziweto zizikula bwino, kunenepa komanso kubala ana athanzi, muyenera kutsatira malangizo osunga nyama komanso kudyetsa. Kenako kuswana nkhumba za mtunduwu kudzakhala kopindulitsa kwenikweni.

Zinthu za nkhumba nthawi yozizira ndi chilimwe

• ngati nthawi yozizira ili yozizira kwambiri, pigsty amayenera kukhala ndi zida zotenthetsera,
• posachedwa, muyenera kuyika udzu wambiri ndikuchepetsa zitseko,
• Kuphatikiza apo, ndikuthekera kuyika pansi pansi pamatabwa a nkhumba,
• m'malo mwa udzu, ikani udzu watsopano m'chilimwe.
• mumakonda kuwulutsa thukuta nthawi yachisanu,
• pangani malo oyenda mchilimwe.

Kubala ndi kulera nkhumba za Vietnamese

Ngati pigsty ili ndi zida, ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu ndizobwinobwino, sipangakhale mavuto oswana ndi kubereka:

1. Ngati mumapereka zakudya zabwino ndikuwatsimikizira kuti zakudya zizikhala bwino, ndiye kuti mutha kudula nkhumba patatha miyezi 4 mutabadwa.
2. Chifukwa chonde, mtundu uwu ndiwothandiza bizinesi.
3. Thumba la nkhumba liyenera kukhala losachepera 5 m². Ndikofunikira kupatula kukonzekera, kukonza malo oyenda.
4. Kuti ana azitha kukhala othandiza, athanzi komanso olimba, muyenera kutsatira mzere wobadwa nawo. Nguluwe ndi zofesa siziyenera kukhala pachibale.

Zambiri bwanji kusunga nthawi isanaphedwe

Ndevu - bizinesi yopindulitsa, chifukwa nthawi kuyambira kubadwa mpaka pakuphedwa ndi miyezi 4-6. Kukula msinkhu wa munthu, mafuta ndi mafuta ochulukirapo zidzakhala pa mtembo.

Osathirira nyama. Nyama ya nkhumba ya miyezi isanu ndi umodzi siyasiyana pakukoma kwake ndi mawonekedwe a nyama ya anthu akuluakulu. Nyama ilibe fungo losasangalatsa, ndipo ulusi wake umakhala wofewa.

Matenda, kusokonezedwa kwa mbadwa za nkhumba za Vietnamese ziwiri

Thanzi la ndevu sizili zosiyana ndi mtundu wamba wa nkhumba.

Ngati a Vietnamese amadya kapena kuswana, ana a nkhumba ndi akulu amadwala:

• salmonellosis imatha kupezeka pamaso pa makoko mu mbewa,
• Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ku Vietnamese erysipelas,
• kamwazi amakhudza timiyendo tating'ono
• Mliri umachitika mosagwirizana ndi makoswe,
• ngati mavitamini sikokwanira, chiopsezo cha atrophic rhinitis ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi chikuwonjezeka.

Nkhumba zakunyumba sizichedwa kugwa chifukwa cha chisamaliro chabwino komanso kudyetsa bwino.

Pomaliza

Nkhumba zachi Vietnamese zimachokera kudziko lakum'mawa, koma zimaswana m'dera lathu mwangwiro chifukwa cha kusachita kwawo komanso kubereka. Nyama yomwe idapangidwa pambuyo pakuphedwa imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukweza kwambiri.

Chakudya chimakhala ndi udzu, udzu komanso chakudya chochepa. Mitunduyi imapindulitsa posamalira nyama pofuna kugulitsa nyama.

Kodi mukuganiza kuti khwangwala akadyetsedwa, sangadye aliyense? Ndikukayika .. Koma zomwe mwawona ndizothandiza kwambiri ...

Zinthu zazikulu za mtundu

Mapindu a Whiskered Vietnamese Piglets:

• kulemera mwachangu
• monyinyirika pakuchoka,
• ukhondo
• matenda kukana (palibe katemera)
• kusinthasintha kwabwino kwanyengo yaku Russia,
• safuna chakudya chapadera.

Alimi amasangalala kuswana mtundu uwu, chifukwa amapulumuka ngakhale pakati pa Russia.

Mitundu ya nyama iyi, yofatsa komanso yowutsa mudyo ikufunika kwambiri. Mafuta mpaka zala zitatu zakuda kwambiri.

Alimi amakhala ndi chidwi ndi kuchuluka kwa nkhumba za Vietnamese. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino - mpaka zaka 30.

Kukonzekera zipinda

Kukhazikika kwa nkhumba kumathandizira kuchoka. Kusungidwa kosavuta kwa nkhumba zokongola za Vietnamese kumapangitsa kuti akhale otchuka pakati pa alimi.

Ndikwabwino kuphimba pansi ndi konkriti, 2/3 pafupi ndi mtengo. Mapampu adalekanitsa bwino "chipinda chogona" ndi "chimbudzi." Mabataniwo amateteza nkhumba ku chisanu. Pansi pa konkrati sangalole nkhumba kuti ikumbe pansi.

Chipindacho chimagawika bwino ndi magawo (opangidwa ndi mtengo kapena chitsulo), malo a 4.5-5. Pakati pawo kusiya gawo. Chipinda chilichonse chimakhala ndi nkhumba ziwiri, kapena mayi ali ndi nkhumba kapena ufa waukulu.

Mpweya wabwino uyenera kukumbukiridwa, koma kukonzekera kuyenera kupewedwa.

Ndikofunikira kukhalabe kutentha kosalekeza, makamaka kwa makanda. Kuzizira kumatha kuwononga zinyalala zonse. Onjezani kutentha ndi mbaula, convector yamagesi, etc.

Kuti mukulitse nkhumba za Vietnamese zokongola, mumafunikira malo oyenda ndi kutentha. Kwa nkhumba zazikulu, pafupifupi maekala 1 pa nkhumba imodzi.

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kukumba mitengo kuti nkhumba izikwatula kumbuyo kwawo. Ndikofunika kupanga denga - kutetezedwa ku dzuwa ndi mvula.

Dziwe laling'ono limapulumutsa kuchokera pakuluma kwa tizilombo kuti tipeze kutentha.

Chinsinsi chokometsera

Chakudya chophatikiza 4-1,5 malita chikuyenera kuchotsedwa mu supuni 0,5 za mchere zomwe zimasinthidwa mchere. Thirani malita 8-9 a madzi otentha, lolani ayime kwa maola 12.

Onjezani kusakaniza kozizira: mafuta a nsomba athanzi, mavitamini osiyanasiyana, zowonjezera za Prelac, etc.

Chidebe chimodzi cha chakudya - 1 mwa 2 amadya 3 ofesa.

Kwa amayi oyamwitsa, onetsetsani kuti mukuwonjezera zinthu zamkaka, mazira, mavitamini ndi seramu.

Ana agalu amadyetsa kawiri patsiku, zidebe za 1.5 zosakaniza ndi michere pa 10 timapeto. Chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha nkhumba chimakhala phala (wandiweyani) kuchokera pakuphatikiza chakudya. Izi zithandiza kukonza chimbudzi chawo.

Kupereka chakudya cha mavitamini: nyemba, zukini, kaloti, dzungu ndi udzu.

Kuwotcha kwamoto kumathandizira kuwononga mavitamini, koma mutha kuwiritsa mbatata mpaka 15% ya zakudya.

Mukamatsatira malangizowo, nkhumba zimalemera bwino ndikukula bwino. Mu chithunzi mutha kuwona nkhumba za Vietnamese, kuswana komwe kumatha kukhala bizinesi yopindulitsa.