Chikamba cha mbewe ndi mbalame yosowa kwambiri. Kumakumana naye kuthengo ndizovuta kwambiri. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukhala nthawi yayitali ndikumudikirira. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi kwatsika kwambiri, ndipo mbalameyo idalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira.

Woyamba kufotokozera zamtunduwu ndi woyambitsa binomial nomenclature Karl Linneyadachita izi mkati mwa zaka za m'ma 1800.

Mbiri Yofotokozera za Grey Shrike

Dzinalo la mbalame yochokera ku Chilatini limatanthauzidwa kuti "wolanda wophimba", yemwe, malinga ndi wolemba mayina awa, amakhala ndi mbali zazikulu za moyo waimvi - kuyembekezera wozunzidwayo kuchokera pamalo apamwamba ndikuwang'amba mbali zazing'ono zomwe agwidwa.

Mtunduwu umachokera ku banja la Shrike. Akulu awo apamtima kwambiri ndi agalu, ndiko kuti, akhwangwala. Malinga ndi asayansi, mabanja awa amakhala ku Miocene (pafupifupi miliyoni miliyoni zapitazo). Amakhulupirira kuti malo omwe amapezeka oyimira amakono a shrikes ndi malo pakati pa Asia Minor.

Mawonekedwe

Mbalameyi ndi yayikulu kukula.. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwa thupi lake m'munthu wamkulu, pafupifupi, pafupifupi masentimita 25, ndipo kulemera kwa thebo ndi 70 magalamu. Mapiko a mbalame yayitali-kakulidwe pafupifupi masentimita 36. Mtambo wonyezimira umakhala ndi utoto wowala, kumbuyo kumakongoletsedwa ndimtundu wakuda, ndipo m'mimba mumayera. Ndiponso, chithunzicho chimadzikuza pachifuwa cha mbalame. Mapiko ndi mchira wake zimakhala ndi mtundu wakuda wowoneka bwino, ndipo mzere woyera umayenda m'mphepete mwawo. Mutu wa chisamba umakhala ndi mikwera yoyera, ndipo chigoba chakuda chimatambalala kuyambira mulomo mpaka m'maso. Nthawi yomweyo, zazikazi ndi zazimuna sizimasiyana maonekedwe.

Kuyimba imvi

Amuna ali ndi mawu Muli ndi mitundu ingapo yaifupi koma yokongola pamodzi ndi azungu. Zikumveka ngati: "tu-tu krr-prii-prii" kapena "trr-tour .. trr-tour". Pakakhala ngozi kapena amuna akamakhala kuti alibe nkhawa, amaliza mluzu wautali koma wowongoka. Ndipo pofuna kukopa chidwi chachikazi, anyamatawa amaphatikiza mluzu ndi nyimbo. Kuti athe kulankhulana wina ndi mnzake, amagwiritsa ntchito likhokoso laphokoso.

Habitat

Malo akuluakulu okhala imvi ndi Madera okhala ndi kutentha komanso kotentha kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Ambiri amakhala ku Eurasia, North America ndi zigawo zapakati pa Asia.

Mitundu ina yamakhwawa imangokhala ndipo siziwuluka kupita kwina. Izi zikugwira ntchito kwa mbalame zomwe zimakhala ku Sakhalin ndi zilumba za Kuril. Oyimira otsalira a banja loshota, momwe akufika ozizira nthawi yachisanu, amawuluka kumwera kumapiri opanda chipale. Komabe, pagulu lirilonse la oimira zamtunduwu, pali anthu omwe, mwanjira zambiri, samawulukira kulikonse ndikukhalabe m'malo awo.

Grey shrikes amakhala makamaka m'malo otseguka, chifukwa ndizopindulitsa kuti azikhala malo okwezeka ndi mawonekedwe ambiri, izi zimawalola kusaka bwino.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Ma Shrikes amatha kusaka aliyense amene angafune. Koma kwambiri, amadya mbalame zazing'ono ndi tizilombo. Panali nthawi zina pomwe wolumala, wakufuna kuthawa kwa mlenje wake, adagwa m'manja mwa anthu, koma izi sizinaimitse chiwonetserochi, ndipo iye anangodzigwiratu m'manja mwa munthu. Mbalame zimapachika nyama zawo panthambi pafupi ndi chisa chawo, pambuyo pake zimayamba kudula mtembo. Ndiye chifukwa chake mbalameyi inkatchedwa kuti opha nyama. Pakakhala nyama zambiri, iwo amasiya omwe akudwala kapena osakwanira. Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi asayansi, amaphunzitsa ana awo kusaka.

Moyo

Ma shikeki ndi mbalame zodya nyama. Chifukwa chake, atakhala ndi mwayi wotsata omwe awadikirira, amayembekeza kenako nkuwukira. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kuthana ndi kupanga nthaka komanso kupanga mpweya. Pambuyo pake, amagwira nyama yake kuti akaidye komweko. Mbalameyi imakhala ndi chizolowezi chomanga bwino, motero imatha kusaka osamva njala.

Oimira mbalame zamtunduwu ndiwankhanza kwambiri, kotero ngati wina alowa m'magawo awo, amadzayamba kulimbana ndi mdani, ngakhale atakhala wokulirapo kambiri kuposa nsombazo.

Ma Shrik alibe mantha, kwa iwo sizipanga kusiyana kuti asumire ndani. Ndiponso, samawopa anthu ndipo amatha kukhazikika pafupi ndi njuchi, komwe amadya njuchi mwakachetechete.

Chisa cha tchire ndi chachikulu. Ntchito yomanga nyumbayi nthawi zonse imachitidwa ndi akazi. Pofuna kumanga chisa, akazi amatenga nthambi pamtengo. Nthawi zambiri chisa chimamangidwa pamalo okwera, pafupifupi mamita awiri. Amachita izi kuti athandize kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yayitali kuti ayambitse migodi yayikulu.

Mazira osowa pakati pa kasupe, ndi m'malo ozizira, kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Nthawi, mbalame zimayikira mazira asanu uliwonse, omwe ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wokhala ndi mawanga amdima. Yaikazi imachita kuswa mazira, ndipo nthawi zina yamphongo imalowa m'malo. Kubwatcha kumatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Pambuyo pokonzekera, makolo amasamalira ana awo kwa masiku makumi awiri. Pambuyo pa nthawi iyi, anapiye ali okonzeka kupitilira kuthawa kwawo koyamba. Nthawi zambiri tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timadyetsedwa kwa ana awo, koma nthawi zina amatha kupatsa mbozi kapena mphutsi.

Zochititsa chidwi:

• Kamba ndikubala ndikusakasaka. Chifukwa chake, zimakopa chidwi cha zabodza ndi akambuku, ndipo zikaukira, zikabisalira zimabisala munthambi za mitengo ndikuyimba mwakachetechete.
• Ma Shrikes amathamangitsa nyama zonse zomwe zimakonda kukhala kwawo. Kuti achite izi, amchenjeza mwachindunji nyama yomwe ikusakidwa ndipo nyama zomwe zimadyera zilibe mwayi wosankha kupita kwina.
• Kutalika kwa moyo wa mbalame zamtchire kumeneku kuyambira zaka khumi mpaka khumi ndi zisanu.
• Ndiwotsatsa opanda mantha omwe angathe kuukira aliyense amene angalowe m'gawo lawo.
• Ma shrikes ndi amodzi mwa nyama zochepa zomwe zimatha kupulumuka nyengo yozizira, pomwe timitengo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timabisala patali tambiri tomwe timatsalira. Ngakhale izi, ma shrikes amakhala mwangwiro ndipo pakati pa chisanu mutha kumvanso nyimbo zawo zomwe zikugwirizana.
• Panali nthawi zina zomwe mbambo imakodwa mu ukonde, koma nthawi yomweyo sanachite manyazi kupitiliza kuzunza amene wamugwirayo.

Mitundu ya mbalame

Pali mitundu pafupifupi khumi ndi iwiri ya mbalameyi yomwe yapezeka.. Ku Russia, imvi ndi julan zimapezeka kwambiri.

• Grey ndiye wamkulu kwambiri pa abale ake onse. Ndiwotchi yolusa kwambiri, yokhala ndi mikanda yayitali, yakuthwa komanso mulomo wamphamvu.
• Zhulan - ali ndi kukula kochepa pafupifupi 20 cm. Poterepa, unyinji wa mbalameyo ndi wokulirapo kwambiri chifukwa cha thupi. Komanso, ndi mbalame yolusa, yokhala ndi mulomo wakuthwa kwambiri. Malo omwe amakhala ndi malo amtsinje kapena nyanja, koma samapezeka kumapeto.
• Nkhope yakuda - kukula kwake ndi kofanana ndi thrush, utoto ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi imvi. Imakhala makamaka kumapiri ndi nkhalango.
• Mutu-wofiira - ndiwocheperako kwambiri pabanja. Ili ndi dzina lake la utoto wofiira wamutu. Komanso, imakhala nyama yolusa ndipo imakhala m'minda ndi m'minda.
• Tiger - wofanana ndi wakubera. Chochititsa chidwi ndi mawonekedwe ofiira thupi lonse. Kukhazikika kwawo ndi - nkhalango, mapiri, mapaki am'mizinda ndi minda yolimidwa.