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Wamng'ono kwambiri pakati pa abakha. Teal ndi yocheperako katatu kuposa mallard. Mzungu sudutsa masentimita 38 kutalika. Nthawi zambiri kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 30. Mbalameyi salemera kuposa 450 g. Akazi, monga lamulo, amakhala ndi unyinji pafupifupi 250.

Mawonekedwe a mbalame

Mbidzi-yophimba ndi mbalame yaying'ono yomwe kutalika kwake kumakhala 34 cm mpaka 41. Mapiko a bakha ndi masentimita 64-68. Kulemera kwa munthu m'modzi ndi 300-480 g.

Drake amasiyana ndi mbalame zamtundu wina chifukwa cha zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

mizere yoyera pamwamba pamaso
mutu wa mbalameyo ndi bulauni
tsamba loyera ndi ma nthenga oyera a maolivi
sternum ndi khosi zimakhala zofiirira zokhala ndi mikwaso yoyera yayitali.

Amuna ali ndi chinthu chimodzi - mawonekedwe amtambo pamapiko. Mwa izi amasiyana ndi zachikazi, koma nthawi yotentha sizizindikiro, chifukwa maimidwe amasintha mtundu pachaka chonse atasungunuka.

Akazi, mosiyana ndi amuna, amakhala ndi maulalo amtundu wakuda wokhala ndi zodetsedwa zakuda. Kalilole mumabakha, ngati ma drake, amapaka utoto wakuda, koma wowala.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe athupi

Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu ndi magalamu 200-450, iwo amatalika masentimita 35. Ali ndi mapiko osongoka, omwe amawathandiza kuchita chinyengo chosagwirizana - amachoka m'malo mwake, mwakachetechete. Mbalame zimawuluka mwachangu, kuthamanga kumafikira 80-90 km / h ndikuyenda mosavuta.

Akazi ndi amuna ndi ofanana kwambiri pamaonekedwe. Pogwiritsa ntchito kulemera, zazikazi ndizocheperako pang'ono kuposa zazimuna, nthenga zazitali zofiirira m'makola ang'ono, khosi loyera. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti musayang'ane mukadabereka ana. Amuna amasiyanitsidwa ndi chingwe cha kalilole pamapiko ndi mlomo wakuda. Koma nthawi ya chibwenzi amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana. Nthenga zake zimakhala zofiirira pachingwe kakang'ono komwe kali ndi mikwaso yobiriwira yakuda pamapiko, khosi ndi mutu ndi zofiirira, chifuwa ndi pinki pang'ono, chimasandulika nthenga zoyera pamimba. Kenako molting amachitika, ndipo amakhalanso amakhalidwe abwino, monga anzawo. Zachikazi zimakhala ndi mtundu umodzi chaka chonse.

Mitundu ya Tiyi

Palibe zifukwa zabwino zopatulira tiyi mumtundu wina, popeza sizosiyana kwambiri ndi malo ogulitsa, kupatula kukula kocheperako. Pamenepa, amatchedwa abakha amtsinje. Pafupifupi mitundu 20 ya tiyi imawerengedwa, yomwe imasiyana mitundu ya nthenga, malo okhala, mawu:

Madagascar
Grey,
zofiirira
buluu
zofiirira
mgoza,
marble ndi mitundu ina.

M'dziko lathu, mitundu inayi ndi yodziwika: whistler, cracker, rattle and marble teal. Chiwerengero cha awiri omaliza ndi ochepa kwambiri, chifukwa amalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira, ndipo kusaka kumaloledwa kokha kwa mzungu. Zochitika m'moyo ndizitali, pamakhala nkhani yoti pali tchuthi chotsalira mpaka zaka 21.

Mbalame yoyimba muluzu. Kufotokozera, mawonekedwe, mitundu, njira ndi malo a teal

Mwachilengedwe, pali mbalame zambiri zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimamva molimba mtima, pamadzi ndi pamtunda. Ambiri a iwo ndi mitundu yofanana, koma ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyana, mawonekedwe, chikhalidwe, malo okhala.

Chifukwa chake kuchokera pagulu la abakha, mbalame yaying'ono kwambiri komanso yodabwitsa kwambiri ndi mluzu wamalonda. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe mbalamezi zimasiyanirana ndi abale ake komanso komwe zimapezeka. Zidzaperekedwanso yimba mluzu pachithunzi, m'kukongola kwake konse.

Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe

Whalle ya Teal ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, yamadzi am'mabanja abakha. Bakha adakhala ndi dzina chifukwa chowomba mluzu. Mawu awo ndi omveka bwino komanso osasamala, akumakumbukira phokoso la "chinyengo." Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti amuna okha ndi omwe amapatsidwa izi.

Akazi amanjenjemera kwambiri, pang'onopang'ono kutsitsa kamvekedwe ka mawu. Ngakhale mawu a mulu wamalonda kwambiri sonor, nkovuta kuwona mbalameyi. Poyerekeza ndi abale awo, abakha awa ali ndi mawonekedwe ochepetsetsa komanso osawoneka bwino.

Chochititsa chidwi ndi bakha wamtsinje ndi mapiko. Ndiwocheperako komanso amalozera. Kutalika kwawo ndi 38 masentimita, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 58-64. Chifukwa cha izi, kutuluka kwa mbalame kumakhala kokhazikika, ndipo kuthawa kumathamanga komanso kungokhala chete. Ponena za kukula ndi mtundu wake, zimatengera mtundu wa abakha.

Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu kumayamwa kumasiyana pakati pa 250-450 gr. Mu nyengo yakukhwima, amuna amakhala ndi mutu wofiirira wokhala ndi chingwe chodutsa. Amayamba kuyambira pachiwonetsero cha maso ndipo amatha kumapeto kwa chifuwa. Malowa ndi amtundu wakuda bii mawonekedwe, ofanana ndi dontho. Pamphepete pake pali mikwaso yoyera-yachikaso ndi timatauni tating'ono.

chifuwa - imvi yopepuka, yokhala ndi madontho akuda ooneka ngati dontho,
m'mimba mwayera
mapewa ndi mmbali - zautsi, zokhala ndi mitundu yodutsa ya wavy,
m'munsi mchira wake ndi wakuda, ndi madontho akulu achikasu,
mapikowo ndi mayankhulidwe awiri, utoto wakuda pansipo, wobiriwira mkatimo ndi tint yofiirira yakuda.

M'nyengo yotentha ndi yophukira, mtundu wa zovalazo umakhala wofanana ndi wamkazi. Itha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe osasinthika a mapiko ndi mulomo wakuda.

Mzimba Wamkazi Wankazi ocheperako pang'ono kuposa amphongo. Kulemera kwake kwamthupi ndi - 200-400 gr. Komabe, mosiyana ndi kavinyo, sasintha mtundu wake pachaka. Mutu wa bakha ndi wakuda bii ndi utoto wamafuta. Macheke ndi mmero ndi zoyera.

mmbuyo - maula akuda a bulauni,
Mimba ndi yoyera,
masamba, mmbali, ndi underwear ndi bulawuni wopepuka wokhala ndi malire a bulauni.

Kaliro wamkazi wachikazi ndi mtundu wofanana ndi wamphongo. Komabe, kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwake kumakulungidwa ndi mikanda yoyera.

Tulutsani Msewu Bakha amatanthauza mtundu umodzi wa teal. Alipo 20. Pakati pawo, amasiyana mulingo wawo, kuchuluka kwake, kulemera kwawo, komanso mawu awo. Mwa iwo, ophunziridwa bwino kwambiri ndi:

Mitundu yonseyi imakhala ndi dzina lofanana ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi malo awo okhala. Ku Russia, kuwonjezera pa whiste, teal yodziwika bwino imawerengedwa kuti ndiyowononga. Mutha kusiyanitsa pakati pawo mbalamezi ndi izi:

Cracker ndi wamkulu kuposa mzungu. Kulemera kwake pafupifupi pafupifupi magalamu 500.
Crackers amakhala ndi umlomo waukulu wakuda, wokhala ndi chikasu.
Pamakhosi pamutu pali chingwe chachikulu choyera chomwe chimayenda pamwamba pa diso.
Kuphatikiza apo, amasiyanasiyana m'mawu awo. Okhwimira amapanga mawu osakumbukika a "crerrer".

Palinso mawonekedwe omwe amaphatikiza ma teals onse. Amathamanga mokwanira, amanyazi komanso osamala. Koma ngakhale zili chonchi, mbalamezi zatsala pang'ono kutha. Zomwe zimatha ndikutha kwawo ndi kuba, kuwononga nyengo, kuwononga chilengedwe komanso kudula mitengo mwachisawawa.

Zofunika kudziwa! Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu, kusaka pagawo la Russian Federation ndikololedwa kwa azungu okha. Kuwombera kwa omwe amaphwanya lamulo ndikulangidwa ndi chindapusa.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Teal ndi teal yosakanikirana, motero alibe chakudya. Chakudya chamadzulo cha abakha ndi:

mbozi ndi mphutsi,
crustaceans yaying'ono
osoweka
ma tadpole
nyongolotsi.

Ndi kuyamba kwa kuzizira mzungu wamalonda amapita ku zakudya zamasamba. Pazakudya, amakonda masamba am'madzi, kudya mizu, masamba ndi mbewu. Mbalame zimadyera makamaka m'madzi osaya, m'malo amenewo momwe mumatha kutolera chakudya kuchokera pansi pamatope.

Nthawi zambiri nthawi iyi, abakha samasambira, koma amayenda pamatope. M'malo akuya kwambiri, timiyendo sitimadzimbira kuti tikapeze chakudya. Kuti achite izi, amiza mitu yawo ndi milomo m'madzi, ndipo mchira ndi miyendo imakwezedwa pamwamba pamwamba pa posungira.

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Chowoneka mosiyanitsa ndi azungu a teal kuchokera ku abakha ena ndikuti amafika mumtundu wophukira kale. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi malingaliro amtundu umodzi. Masewera olimbitsa thupi a mbalame amachitidwa pamadziwe. Atakanikiza mutu wake kutsogolo kwa thupi ndikuponyera mulomo wake m'madzi, amuna amazungulira chachikazi.

Kenako akukweza mutu wake ndikutambasula mapiko ake. Pakadali pano, madontho amadzi amatuluka kumlengalenga. Kuvina kovina kumabwerezedwanso. Wamkaziyo amatenganso nawo mbali pachibwenzi. Pokhala pafupi ndi kuyamwa, akutsatira nkhondo ndi adani, ndikuwayika ndi mdomo pamapewa ake.

Akakhwima, abakha nthawi yomweyo amayamba kupanga chisa. Amasankha malo oti aziikira mazira pamizere yowirikiza kapena pansi pa zitsamba zomwe zimamera m'mbali mwake. Zachikazi zimagwira ntchito yomanga chisa. Kuti apange kapangidwe kake, choyamba amakumba kabowo pansi.

Kenako imadzaza udzu wouma womwe udayamba kuukweza. Pakhomalo la chisa chonse, abakha amagona. Nthenga zapansi zimatenthetsa mazira ndikuteteza anapiye mukamamwa kuyamwa.

Drake satenga nawo mbali pomanga chisa. Komabe, amakhala pafupi ndi bakha kuchenjeza ake za ngozi. Pamenepo, mkaziyo akayamba kuyamwa mazira, amachoka.

Nthawi zambiri, bakha amayikira mazira 8-10. Anthu ena amatha kunyamula ndi pafupifupi 15 zidutswa. Kubala kotero kumadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mababa azichulukane komanso kuchuluka kwake. Mazira abakha ndi ochepa kukula, achikasu kubiriwira, osachedwa kutalika. Kukula kwake ndi - 5 mamilimita.

Nkhupakupa zimabadwa nthawi yomweyo, pakatha masiku 24-30, pambuyo pa kupanga. Tizilombo tokhala ndi mbewa timakutidwa ndi tchire tofiirira tint timtundu tofiirira. Akangobadwa kumene, anapiye amakwera pansi pamimba ya bakha. Pamenepo amapukuta kwathunthu ndikuchotsa mamba a mazira.

Chizindikiro chazomwe zimakhala zokhala ndi ma teal-whistle ndikuti amatha kudzipatula okha kuyambira masiku amoyo. Maola angapo pambuyo pobadwa, anapiyewo amatha kuchoka chisa chobisikacho. Patsiku lomweli, amaphunzira maluso akusambira, kudumphira m'madzi komanso kupeza chakudya chawo.

Milungu yaphokoso imawerengedwa kuti ndi wa zaka zana limodzi. Ngati safa ndi matenda ndipo sakhala ozunza kapena ozunza, moyo wawo ndi wazaka 15 kapena kuposerapo. Ndi kubereka kwakunyumba, moyo wa mbalame umatha kukula mpaka zaka 30.

Limbani Tani Hunt

Nyama yokhala ngati mzungu imakhala yamtengo wapatali chifukwa imakhala yotentha komanso imafinya. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amakhala mutu wa chuma chapadera chosaka. Popewa kuchepetsa kusaka kwa mluzu kuloledwa kokha kuyambira mwezi wa Ogasiti. Chowonadi ndi chakuti panthawiyi ndizovuta kupeza tsango la abakha.

Osaka amagwiritsa ntchito nyama zokhazikika kukopa masewera. Mtundu wofanana ndi mbalamewo umakhazikitsidwa m'khola pafupi ndi madzi. Pakadali pano, nyama zokhazokha zimayenera kupanga gulu laling'ono, lomwe mbalame zimatha kujowina.

Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati nyambo kuwola pa whal whist. Atamva mawu a abale, abakha amapita pagulu lotsanzira ndikukhala pansi. Popeza mbalamezi sizichita manyazi kwambiri, mlenje sayenera kubisala kuthengo. Mukamayandikira masewera, amatha kukhala bwato lomwe lili pafupi ndi khwangwala.

Bakha owombera amalimbikitsidwa kuti azikhala pansi kapena atakhala. Nthawi yomweyo, pakuwombera, nkhope yam'bandakucha ziyenera kuwongolera kutuluka kwadzuwa, ndi kutuluka kwa dzuwa kulowa dzuwa.

Ngati pali moto wolakwika kapena kuphonya, mlenje sayenera kuwombera mbalame ija. Chowonadi ndi chakuti iye akuchotsera mphezi mwachangu komanso mwachangu, motero zimakhala zovuta kulowa. Ndikwabwino kuyembekezera bakha kuti apange zozungulira zingapo mlengalenga ndikukhalanso pansi kwa owunikira.

Zosangalatsa

Pakati pagulu lonse la azungu-azizungu amaoneka ngati mbalame zopanda chidwi kwambiri. Amapezera chakudya chawo pamadzi ndi pamtunda. Pankhaniyi, abakha amakhala achinyengo ndikubwera mlengalenga.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri amakhala olusa. Ndipo onse chifukwa sakudziwa kubisala bwino, kubisala ndikuthamanga pamtunda. Zina mwazinthu zodabwitsa ndi zolaula za teal, ornithologists zimasiyananso:

Ngakhale akuchoka mwachangu, abakha amawuluka mwakachetechete.
Ndikothekanso kusiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi nthawi yakukhwima, nthawi yonse amakhala ndi mawonekedwe omwewo.
Chiwerengero chachikulu cha azungu chimafotokozedwa ndikuti kuwapeza mu chilengedwe ndikovuta.
Akamakula, anapiyewo amalephera kuyenda.
Ngakhale kuti akaika mazira, zovalazo zimakhala pafupi ndi bakha, amakonda moyo wabwinobwino.

Chimodzi mwazachilendo ndizobadwa mwa abakha. Nthawi zambiri, zazimuna ndi zazikazi zimabisala mosiyana. Zowopsa zambiri mu nyengo yozizira zimakhalabe m'malo amtundu wakumpoto, ndipo abakha amapita kumwera.

Pazaka zapitazi, anthu agwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe mokulira komanso kusaka, ndi cholinga chofuna masewera amadzi. Izi zidasokoneza kwambiri achinyamata. Pachifukwa ichi, SOPR ipempha nzika za Russia kuti zileke kusodza mbalame ndi kuwononga malo awo.

Teal Whistler

Chaching'ono kwambiri ndi whist whes. Wamphongo wamkulu wolemera mpaka magalamu 450, kulemera kwa mkazi ndi kocheperako. Kutalika kwa thupilo kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 3.5. Chifukwa cha mapiko owongoka kumapeto, teal imatha kuchoka mwachindunji pamadzi, pomwe imayenda mwakachetechete. Amakhala munkhalango zowirira.

Maonekedwe achimuna ndi achikazi sasiyana kwambiri: nthenga zofiirira zokhala ndi pamimba pang'ono. Koma nthawi yakukhwima, teal imakonda kusintha mtundu. Imakhala yamitundumitundu, mutu umakhala ndi ubweya wa lalanje wakuda wokhala ndi mikwingwirima iwiri yosakhazikika yoyatsidwa ndi malire oyera. Kuti akope bakha, akuyamba kuimba mluzu mokweza. Pakumapeto kwa nyengoyi, mzungu amayenda molowera ndipo amabwerera ku utoto wake wakale. Akazi nthawi zonse amakhala ndi utoto umodzi.

Klokotun

Teal Klokotun (klokotunok) afalikira ku Siberia ndi Far East. Maonekedwe aimuna nthawi ya chibwenzi ndiabwino kwambiri. M'mphepete mwake muli ma buluu amitundu yambiri, ndipo pachifuwa - pinki, pamutu ngati atavala chipewa chakuda ndi mikwingwirima yagolide kumbali. Munthawi chete, zazikazi ndizosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi zachimuna. Abakha amtundu wakuda amakhala ndi zinthu zapadera:

chingwe chakuda ndi choyera chakumaso,
mawanga oyera kumayambiriro kwa mlomo.

Amuna amalankhula kwambiri, amatha kumveka kulikonse: pamadzi ndi kuwuluka. Nthawi zambiri kusamukira kwa tizi kumachitika m'minda ndi mpunga womwe ukukula, womwe umawakonda kwambiri. Pofuna kupulumutsa mbewu, anthu amapha poizoni kapena kukhoka maukonde, potero amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa tereti.

Nyani wam'madzi

Kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi ndi kochepa kwambiri moti sikungatheke kupezeka kuthengo. M'mbuyomu, adakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Caspian komanso kumapeto kwa mtsinje. Volga. Nthawi yomaliza yomwe adawonedwa mu 1984, malingaliro amapezeka pang'ono pang'ono.

Kulemera kwa teal ndi 400-600 magalamu, mtundu wa nthenga ndi waimvi ndi zofiirira. Maonekedwe aimuna ndi achikazi ali ofanana. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera ku ma teals ena ndi kuthekera ndikukhala panthambi za mitengo ndikulowera m'madzi.

Habitat

Tizilombo tinakhazikika mdziko lathu lonse komanso ma CIS, kupatula zigawo zakumpoto. Chofunikira kwambiri pomanga nyumbayo ndi kukhalapo kwa malo osungira osaya pang'ono ndi madzi oyimirira, okhala ndi masamba ambiri. Malo ngati awa ndi odzala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chakudya: tizilombo, mbewu, mauloni. Amapezeka m'mitengo pafupi ndi gombe. Nthawi zambiri nyumba zanyumba zimapezeka kutali ndi kunyanjako, chifukwa nthawi yamalimwe madzi amayamba kuchepa, ndipo chifukwa chake malo amachotsedwa pamadzi.

Kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Novembala, kusamukira nyengo yachisanu kumayamba. Nthawi zambiri amuna ndi akazi nthawi yozizira padera. Bakha amapita kumalo akumwera, ndi abambo - kumpoto.

Zakudya

Tizilombo timadyanso chilichonse chomwe chimamera ndikukhala munyanjayi. Chakudyacho chimaphatikizapo:

osangalatsa, aang'ono oyang'anira,
mbozi ndi mphutsi,
nyongolotsi
mbewu m'madzi ndi pamtunda (pafupi ndi madzi), mbewu, mizu.

Kuti apeze chakudya, amalowera m'madzi mozondoka, kungosiyitsa mchira wokha womwe umakhazikika pamwamba. Timadzala timadutsa m'madzi mulomo, kusefa tinthu tambiri tokhala ndi thanzi. Amatoleranso chakudya kuchokera pansi.

Mitengo yazokongoletsa

Kugawidwa kumpoto kwa Eurasia kumadzulo kwa Briteni Islands ndi France. Kumpoto, imafika m'malo ena kugombe la Arctic, koma kulibe ku Yamal kumpoto kwa 69 ° C. N, kumpoto kwa Yenisei kumpoto kwa 71 ° N. N, m'chigwa cha Kolyma kumpoto kwa 69 ° N. w. Ochuluka kwambiri kumadzulo amapezeka ku Iceland, Islands Islands ndi Corsica, kum'mawa kwambiri - pa zilumba za Aleutian kum'mawa mpaka ku Akutan, zilumba za Pribylov, Commander, Kuril Islands, Sakhalin, Hokkaido ndi kumpoto kwa Honshu. Kummwera kwa mzere, kumakhala chisa ku Asia Minor, Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan kumwera kupita ku Uralsk, Atbasar, Altai Southwest ndi Zaysan Basin, kumpoto kwa Mongolia, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Manchuria ndi Primorye.

Mtengo wozizira

M'madera otentha a Western ndi Southern Europe, kuswana ndi kuzizira kumadutsana. Mwachitsanzo, ku Great Britain ndi Ireland gawo lokhala ndi zisa za mbalame, komabe, nthawi yozizira, abakha ambiri akuuluka ku Iceland alowa nawo. Teal yochokera ku Scandinavia, Finland, mayiko a Baltic, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Russia, kumpoto kwa Poland, Germany ndi Denmark akusamukira kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Europe. Anthu ena okhala pang'ono adalembedwa ku Netherlands, France, Caucasus, kumadzulo kwa Asia Minor, kugombe lakumpoto kwa Black Sea, komanso kumwera kwa Iceland pafupi ndi zilumba za Vestmannaeyjar. Kuchulukitsa kwa mbalame nthawi yozizira kumadera awa kumasiyana: kuzizira kwambiri, kumawonjezeka, koma nyengo yotentha, m'malo mwake, imachepa.

Mphezi zazikuluzikulu za azungu nthawi yachisanu zimapezeka ku Mediterranean, kuphatikiza kudera lonse la Iberian (Ducks nyengo yachisanu ku Western Europe kuchokera ku Central Europe, European Russia ndi Western Siberia, kum'mawa kuchokera ku Ukraine, pakati Russia ndi Trans-Urals), kumpoto chakumadzulo Africa kumwera kupita ku Mauritania, Japan ndi Taiwan, komanso South Asia. Madera ena odziwika bwino nthawi yachisanu ndi chigwa cha Nile, Middle East, Persian Gulf, mapiri a kumpoto kwa Iran, South Korea, ndi mayiko a Southeast Asia. Malo omwe amapezeka ndi omwe amadziwika m'mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Victoria, mphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Senegal, mdera lomwe lili kumapiri kwa mtsinje wa Congo, m'chigwa ndi kumtsinje wa Niger, ku Indus Delta. Maulendo apandalama zapanyanja adalembedwa ku Zaire, Malaysia, Greenland, Mariana Islands, Palau ndi Yap Islands. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchentche zambirimbiri zimawonedwa ku North America kudutsa m'malire a California ndi South Carolina.

Kuchulukitsa

Malungu a teal ndi a gulu la omwe amatchedwa "teal weniweni" - abakha ang'onoang'ono amtsinje pafupi ndi mallard ndi mitundu ina yomwe ikukhudzana nayo, mwachiwonekere, idapangidwa kuchokera pagululi. Pamodzi ndi buluzi wokhala ndi mapiko obiriwira komanso achikasu, imapanga mtundu wamba. Kupatula kupatula pamasankho, ikhoza kukhala mitundu ina A. c. nimia, wamba ku Islands ya Aleutian, yodziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu.

Olemba ena amawona mbalame ya mapiko aku North America yobiriwira ngati njira ya whistle-teal, pomwe World Conservation Union ndi birdLife International amakonda kugawana mitunduyi. American Society of Ornithologists sanapange chisankho chomaliza pankhaniyi.

The Teal Whistle adayamba kufotokozedwa koyamba pa sayansi ndi wodziwika zachilengedwe ku Sweden a Karl Linnaeus mu 1758 mu kope la khumi la Natural System. Mu ntchitoyi, a Linnaeus adawatanthauzira kuti "bakha wokhala ndi galasi wobiriwira komanso chingwe choyera kumtunda ndi m'munsi mwa diso," ndipo kutchulidwa koyamba kwa mtunduwu kumapezeka pantchito yake yoyambirira "The Fauna of Sweden" (Fauna svecica) Onani dzina kachikena Ndi kutsitsa kwa onomatopoeic kudandaula kwa malume, dzina lofananalo ndi mbalame limapezeka m'zilankhulo zingapo zaku Europe - Sweden ("kricka"), Bokmål ("krikkand"), Danish ("krikand") ndi Chijeremani ("krickente"). Dzina lachi Russia mluzu amatanthauzanso kuthekera kwa ngoma.

Kodi mbalameyi imakhala kuti?

Mbawala-yofunda imakonzekeretsa zisa zake nyengo yotentha, makamaka kum'mawa kwa Europe ndi kumwera kwa Siberia. Mtunduwu umapezeka kwambiri m'nkhalango-steppe, steppe kapena m'malo a nkhalango zosakanikirana.

M'nyengo yozizira, mbalameyi imachoka m'malo ake okhalamo ndikupita kumwera. Izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa Ogasiti kapena Seputembala. Itha kupezeka ku kontinenti ya Africa kumwera kwa Sahara.

Mbalameyi imakhala pafupi ndi malo osungira, pomwe magombe ake ali ndi masamba ambiri. Bakha nthawi zambiri limatha kupezeka pa dziwe laling'ono, koma kawirikawiri chigwa cha mtsinje waukulu. Tizilombo toyamwa tiziwononga zisa pafupi ndi matupi amadzi.

Nthawi zina pamakhala mbalame zina zikafuna malo okhala kutali ndi madzi. Abakha a mtundu uwu amapewa nkhalango zolimba ndi mapiri.

Miyambo yaukwati

Mu nyengo yakukhwima, amuna amayesetsa kukopa chidwi cha akazi ndi mphamvu zawo zonse. Amayandama zazikazi kwa nthawi yayitali, amawonetsa mitundu yawo yokongola, mapiko a pop, amapanga mawu oyimba kwambiri. Poyankha izi, bakayo amakhala chete. Nthawi zambiri zimakwera m'mwamba ndikuwuluka pa osankhidwa ake, potero zimakopa chidwi cha akazi osati awiseche okha.

Mawonekedwe a mbalame zoweta

Bakha achichepere amafikira kutha msinkhu pafupifupi chaka choyamba cha moyo, koma gawo lawo locheperako limakhalabe nthawi yachisanu ndipo simalowa ku nesting.

Mbalamezi ndizopondera. Mabanja ambiri amakhala otsimikiza kugwa asanayandikire kukakhala kotentha. Mbodzi amabwera kudzakhala pagulu m'magulu. Izi zimachitika mu Marichi ku Western Europe komanso mu Meyi kum'mawa ndi kumpoto.

Telamani wokhazikika kusaka

Mtunduwu umadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa masewera a chibwenzi, omwe amatanthauza izi:

Uko umasambira pambuyo pa chachikazi, nthenga zake zimatuluka, ndipo mulomo wake uli pansi,
khosi lamphongo limakutambasulira, amanjenjemera, ngakhale kuponya mutu kumbuyo kapena kukweza mutu,
Zochita zonse za Drake zimayendetsedwa ndi kulira kosadziwika komwe kumafanana ndi kung'amba,
Amuna amatha kuponyera mutu wake mbali imodzi, kwinaku akukulitsa mapiko ake.
Pakukopana, donalo limakwera pamwamba pamadzi ndipo limakutumula mapiko ake,
Wamphongo, akusambira kuzungulira bakha, natembenuzira mutu wake kumbali yake, yemwe ali ndi utoto wowala.
chachikazi, monga chimanjenje, chimagwedeza mutu, chimanjenjemera. Amadziyang'ana patsogolo paimuna, amatha kuyeretsa nthenga kumbuyo.

Mitundu ya Muluzi

Alonda a mbalame bakha teal whal woyang'anira mitsinje, ngati mallard. Ngwazi ya nkhaniyo ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yaini yopanda thukuta. Mulinso teal. Pali 20. Mothandizirana ndi whistle, pali mitundu ina yomwe ili pafupi kutha, mwachitsanzo, nsangalabwi.

Tiyi idawoneka komaliza mu 1984. Mwina nyamazo zinafa ngati bakha, gogi. Kumbukirani mawu awa: - "Kupita maliseche"? Chifukwa chake m'zaka za zana la 21, gogol pa dziko lapansi amapita mophiphiritsa chabe. Mbalame zokhala ndi dzina lokhazikika zidatha.

Zojambulidwa ndi bulu wamabula

Palinso buluu, imvi, Madagascar, Auckland, bulauni, bulauni, Campbell ndi teisi yamatumbo. Kwa aliyense wa iwo pali dzina lina. Izi zimabweretsa chisokonezo kumaganizo awanthu. Mzungu, mwa njira, ulinso ndi mayina owonjezera: ang'ono, kugonana, osaka.

Pakati pa timiyendo, muluzi amakondedwa kwambiri ndi alenje ngakhale mabizinesi akuluakulu agwiritsidwe. Ku Europe, mwachitsanzo, ngwazi ya zolemba zimachotsedwa pamsika wamafuta. Mwa nyama yakometsedwa 100%, 70% ndioyenera kugulitsidwa. Zizindikiro zoterezi zimatha "kudzitama" mbalame.

Nyama yoyimba ndi yazakudya, yosavuta kukonzekera, imakhala ndi kakomedwe kabwino kwambiri komanso kapangidwe ka vitamini-mineral.

Payekha, alenje akukhala kuwola pa whal whist. Makamaka, amaika bakha wonamizira. Mankom, komabe, imapereka mawu okhala ndi mawonekedwe. Mbalame zenizeni zimawulukira. Izi zimawawombera kuti abisalire.

Zosiyanasiyana Zakudya

Anatomally, mbalame yam'mimba imafanana ndi msika. Kusiyana pakati pawo ndi kukula kwa thupi. Akatswiri a zamankhwala samanena kuti mbalameyi ndi ya mtundu wina. Chifukwa chake, teal yovomerezeka imakamba abakha amtsinje.

Sayansi imadziwa za mitundu 20 ya teal. Amasiyana mitundu ya nthenga, momwe akuchitira, mawu komanso malo okhala.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino:

mgoza
Madagascar
zofiirira
buluu
wokhala ndi mapiko amtambo
imvi
zofiirira
Auckland
kloktun,
marble ndi ena.

Pa gawo la dziko lathu pali mitundu ingapo ya mbalamezi yosangalatsidwa ndi agalu osaka osaka nyama. Pazifukwa izi, teal ya marble amalembedwa mu Red Book, ndipo kloktun amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wosaopsa. Kusaka ku Russia ndikuloledwa kwa azungu okha, omwe anthu ake sawopseza kuti atheretu.

Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane zamtunduwu

Kulemera kwa bakha wamkulu ndi magalamu 400. Drake amalemera magalamu zana limodzi. Pafupifupi thupi lonse la abakha limakutidwa ndi nthenga za bulauni, imvi komanso mtundu wa beige. Mwa jenda, kugonana kwamphamvu kwambiri kumasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wowala ndi kupezeka kwa nthenga za mitundu yosiyanasiyana pamutu. Mukasungunuka, ma drake amawoneka ofanana ndi abakha.

Mzimba wa teal umadziwika ndi mzere wobiriwira wobiriwira, womwe umapezeka m'diso.

Mukutchire kwa teal, mzerewu ndi wokuyera.

Zambiri za bulu la nsangalabwi zimakhala ndi mithunzi yoyera mpaka imvi. Amasinthasintha malinga ndi lingaliro la sikelo. "Chobisika" ichi chimalola mbalameyo kuti isawonekere m'nkhokwe zazitali zamadziwe.

Gawo lodzilekanitsa ndi mbalame: kuthawa, sikufuna kuthamanga. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi mawonekedwe opapatiza ndi akuthwa kwamapiko. Chifukwa chake, mukanyamuka, bakayo sapanga phokoso ndipo amatero kudzera njira yodutsa.

Bakha wamphongo ndi mbalame yanthete, yokalamba. Ngakhale kukula kwake ndi kofatsa, siiko komwe sikophweka kwa mbalame zodya nyama. Ndikovuta kumugwira ndikuthawa ndikumva momwe akukhalira pamadzi.

Kodi mbalamezi zimakhala bwanji zisa?

Mbalame zimayika zisa zawo pamalo otsetsereka pafupi ndi madzi, nthawi zambiri pansi pa matchire kapena m'nkhokwe zowirira. Nthawi zina, amatha kupezeka pamiyala yotseka pamtunda wa 100-150 m kuchokera kuchosungira.

Ngakhale kuti chisa chili pafupi ndi madzi, nthawi zonse chimakhala pamalo pouma. Tizilombo toterera timiyala tambiri timakhala tambiri pafupi ndi mitsinje kapena nyanja. Nthawi zina ngakhale izi zimachitika pafupi ndi malo okhala.

Bakha uyu amapanga chisa chakuya mokwanira, chomwe chimapumira pansi. Mbalameyi imakumbapo bowo payokha ndi mlomo wayo. Chisa chimakhala ndi udzu wouma ndi fluff, womwe umasungidwa kutentha pakakhala mbalame yayikulu.

Mu chisa chimodzi, pafupifupi mazira 7-12 amaikidwa. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso amtoto wachikasu ndi tint ya azitona. Kukula kwa dzira limodzi kuli pafupifupi 45 mm x 32 mm, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 26-27 g.

Bakha wa mtundu uwu amakhala m chisa kwa masiku pafupifupi 22- 24. Pakadali pano, mutha kuyandikira kwa iye komanso kumugwira. Wamphongo nthawi yonse yogona ndi masiku angapo pambuyo pake sichiri patali ndi chisa, pambuyo pake amapita kukasungunuka nyengo.

Ana obadwa kumene amabadwa kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni. Atadulidwa, kulemera kwa anapiyewo ndi 20-22 g, ndipo pofika zaka 22 atakhala kale ndi kulemera kwa 240-250. Ana akhanda amapita mwachangu pachisa. Amayamba kuuluka ali ndi zaka 38- 40.

Kusungunuka kwa mbalame kwakanthawi

Tengani thukuta limaluka kawiri pachaka - nthawi yachilimwe itatha nyengo yokhwima ndi kugwa musanawuluke kumayendedwe otentha. Kusintha kwamitundu yambiri kumayambira mu June ndipo kumatha mpaka Ogasiti. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa thupi ndi mutu zimasintha. Kenako ikuwonetsa mchira ndi mapiko.

Pakadali pano, ma sewerolo amatenga timagulu tating'ono ta anthu 7 mpaka 7 ndipo timasungidwa m'nkhokwe zowirira. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yakusungunuka, anyani amphongo nthawi zambiri amauluka kupita kumalo osungira, komwe amadya nyama.

Kusunthika kotsatira kwa ma drake kumachitika osati koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Mu mbalame, kuchuluka kwamkati mkati mwa thupi ndi mutu. Njirayi yachedwetsedwa mpaka mwezi wa February, ndipo nthawi zina mpaka March.

Mwa akazi, nthawi ziwiri zosungunulira zimakhala zopanda mphamvu. Nthawi zambiri, maula amasintha kuyambira mu Ogasiti mpaka kumayambiriro kwa dzinja. Chapakatikati, fluff yaying'ono, yomwe cholinga chake ndi chisa, makamaka chimatsalira. Ngati bakha alibe ana, kuyerekeza kwake kumachitika munthawi imodzimodziyo ndikulowera.

Chakudya chamagulu

Kubera nyini kumadalira zakudya zotsatirazi:

osoweka
tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, mphutsi zawo - udzudzu, nsikidzi zamadzi, ntchentche za caddis, chisa
mphutsi, nyongolotsi, mwachangu,
magawo azomera - mollusk, Hornwort, wallisneria,
mbewu za rezuki, kumtunda, brambleweed, sedge.

Zakudya za nyama zimapanga gawo lalikulu pakudya kwa mbalame (pafupifupi 26-27% ya chakudya chonse). Komanso, abakha awa amakonda nsomba za nkhono. 50% ya zakudya za nkhuku imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu ndipo ndi 23-24% yokha ya magawo azomera.

Kusaka mbalame

Abakha amphaka nthawi zambiri amakhala chinthu chosakira m'malo awo. Potere, vuto lalikulu ndi kulemera kwa mbalame. Ngakhale izi, akuba amabweretsa kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa zosakira zonse pakusaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ana.

Komanso, abakha awa amawona kuti ndi nyama yokoma yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Nyama wamba ya nyama ili ndi kulemera pafupifupi 300 g, ndi kulemera konse kwa 430-450 g. Alimi ena akuyesera kupha mbalameyo. Imalekerera ukapolo ngakhale kuchulukana.

Kusaka mbalame zosokoneza ndikuloledwa. Mu Buku Lofiyira, adapatsidwa udindo wokhala ndi msonkho wowopsa kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbalamezi sizikuwopsezedwa kuti zidzatha. Ngakhale m'zaka zaposachedwa kuchuluka kwa osokoneza achepa kwambiri.

Thumu yakukhwima

Pakutha kwa chaka choyamba cha moyo, kutha kwa teal kumachitika. Miyambo yofuna kukopa mnzawo mu Drake ndi yovuta komanso imatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa abakha ena amtchire. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti nthawi ya chibwenzi abulu amphongo amadzitsata samangoyimira mitundu yake, komanso mitundu ina ya bakha.

Atazungulira bakha, adula mabwalo angapo mozungulira iye, ndikuwonetsa galasi lake pamapiko. Nthawi yomweyo, yamphongo imalira mokweza, ndikuwomba mapiko ake. Kuvina kumabwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza. Ngati bakedyo akusonyeza kukondera, amayankha ndi mawu oseketsa, ndipo limodzi ndi kuyimbira, amatuluka mumlengalenga. Pamene awiriwo akungoyendayenda mukuvina, abakha onsewa amangokhala osavuta kwa mbalame zodyera ndi osaka.

Teals, ngati abakha ambiri, amakhala onenepa. Amakhala ndi moyo.

Chotuluka

Chisa cha bakha wam'mimba chimapangidwa motalikirana ndi pafupifupi 100-150 metres kuchokera komwe amapezeka pafupi ndi madzi. Nthambi zowirira za udzu ndi zitsamba za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndizoyenera izi. Monga chida chomangira mbalame pogwiritsa ntchito masamba owuma, udzu, nthambi. Pansi pansi pali nthenga zawozawo ndi tsitsi la nyama.

Clutch imodzi imakhala ndi mazira asanu mpaka 16. Kusinthaku kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu mderali. Pomwe mai amatchera mbewa, kusungunula kumachitika mkokomo ndipo panthawiyi amachotsedwa.

Nthochi zimabadwa kuyambira tsiku la 22 mpaka 30. Nthawi ino igwera pa Meyi-Julayi. Malo otentha kwambiri ndi omwe amakhala, amafupikitsa nthawi yodzala. Makatani amapangika mokwanira, akhama komanso okonzeka kukhala mokha kuyambira masiku oyamba. Amayi amaphunzitsa maluso a chakudya ndi kusambira kwa ana.

Ngati bakha sanagwere m'zilonda za zilombo ndipo sanadwale ndi matenda, kuthengo azikhala zaka 20. Mbalame ikasungidwa kunyumba, imakhala ndi mwayi 'wokondwerera' zaka 30 zake.

Masonry

Amangokhala pamasiku 21 mpaka 24. Mazira amasiyana mitundu: ndi oyera ndi zonona, mithunzi ya azitona ndi ocher. Mwapangidwe, amasiyana mitundu ing'ono yamalimba, mwachitsanzo, mu nsomba za codac ali ndi mawonekedwe, ndipo azizungu - ambiri ozunguliridwa. Pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa timiyendo tating'ono, iwo amaphunzira kusambira ndi kutsatira amayi awo. Chikuto cha nthenga chachikazi chimasintha ana onse atakwera pampiko.

Chingwe

Zomera zimayamba kubala kumapeto kwa chilimwe, madera akumwera kumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, kumpoto pakati pa chilimwe. Akazi amawasamalira kwa miyezi iwiri, mpaka atayamba kuyimirira. Thupi laling'ono la ana litaphimbidwa ndi fluff; kuchokera pansi limakhala lamtundu wachikasu, ndipo kuchokera pamwambapo limakhala lotuwa. Amphamvu kwambiri, amatha kudzipezera okha chakudya, kuyenda pansi pa madzi komanso amatha kuyenda pamadzi ndi pamtunda.

Pofika mwezi umodzi, kukula kwachinyamata kumayamba kukhala kwamapiko. Pang'onopang'ono, amaphunzira kuwuluka pamwamba pamadzi ndi mtunda wautali. Atakhala ndi luso, ma teals amasintha ana kuti asanduke nthenga ndikuyamba kupanga magulu. Chifukwa chake amayendayenda m'malo osiyanasiyana kufunafuna chakudya. Pozindikira kuti ali pachiwopsezo, wamkazi amapereka chizindikiro mwapadera m'mawu ake, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ana amafunika kubisala mwachangu pogona.

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