Mtundu - Ichi ndi nyama yaying'ono kwambiri, yofanana ndi mphaka pamakhalidwe komanso mawonekedwe. Fotokozerani za banja la Wyverrov. Amakhulupirira kuti nyama yam'madziyi ndi imodzi mwazinyama zakale kwambiri. Ngakhale achi Greek ndi a Moors adayambitsa iwo ngati ziweto kuti agwire makoswe. Koma m'kusintha, sanasinthe.
Geneta ili ndi thupi loonda kwambiri, m'litali limafika masentimita 60. Simaposa kilogalamu ziwiri. Miyendo yayifupi ndi mchira wautali wopepuka. Kutalika, nyamayi imakhala pafupifupi 20cm.
Kupukutira palokha ndi kocheperako, koma m'malo mwake ndi kutalitali. Ili ndi makutu akulu, otambalala okhala ndi malangizo. Maso, ngati maso a mphaka, ana amapendekera masana ndipo amasintha.
Popeza geneta ndi nyama yolusa, ili ndi mano akuthwa kwambiri, chiwerengero chawo chimafikira 40. Zovala zimakokedwa mumapulogalamu ndipo ndizochepa kukula. Masamba asanu pamatumbo onse.
Ubweya wa nyama ndi wofatsa komanso wosangalatsa kukhudza. Yokha, ndiyopyapyala, yosalala komanso yochepa. Mtundu wake ndi wosiyana ndipo zimatengera nyama zamitundu mitundu. Kuti muwone kusiyana uku, ingoyang'anani chithunzi chibadwa.
At genet wamba ubweya ndi wopepuka, pang'onopang'ono kusandulika kukhala beige. M'mphepete mwake muli mizere yakuda, muzzle imakhala yakuda ndi chingwe chowala pamwamba pamphuno ndi malo awiri ang'ono pafupi ndi maso. Tsitsi la nsagwada ndi loyera. Pali mphete zisanu ndi zitatu zoyera pamchira, ndipo mathero ake ndi zakuda.
Spotted Geneta komanso wonyezimira wamtundu komanso wowoneka bwino, koma mawonekedwe ake ndi mzere wakuda (mzere), womwe umayenda kudutsa mgawo wonse.
Spotted Geneta
At chibadwa cha tiger thupi limakhala lachikaso pamwamba, ndipo loyera m'maso mwake, limasandulika kamvekedwe ka imvi. Pa mchira, mikwingwirima yowala imasinthana ndi yamdima ndipo imathera yakuda pamutu.
Tiger Geneta
Geneta waku Itiopiya chowala kwambiri. Ubweya ndiwoyera kuti uzikongoletsa pang'ono kumbuyo ndi m'mbali, ndipo m'mimba ndi imvi. Magulu asanu ali pamwamba ndipo awiri pafupi kumbuyo kwa mutu. Mchira ndi wofanana ndi enawo. Mitundu ili ndi mawu ofanana ndi mphaka, amatsata ndi chisangalalo, ndikuwopseza kutulutsa.
Ojambulidwa ndiye geneta waku Itiyopiya, wopepuka kwambiri mwa onse oimira
Dziko lokhala ndi chibadwa limawonedwa kuti ndi North Africa ndi Mapiri a Atlas. Tsopano nyamayo yakhazikika pagawo lalikulu. Malo awo okhala amaphatikizapo Chigawo cha Arabia ndi Europe. Pamenepo amadziwika kwambiri ku Spain komanso kumwera kwa France.
Izi zimatha kukhala pafupifupi kulikonse komwe zingapeze chakudya. Koma amakonda malowa, omwe ali ndi nkhalango komanso zitsamba zambiri, pafupi ndi mitsinje yamadzi abwino.
Amatha kuzika mizu m'mapiri komanso kumapiri. Nyama yonyansa iyi, chifukwa cha miyendo yake yayifupi, njoka kuthamanga kwa njoka pakati pa miyala ndi udzu. Amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi anthu komwe amaba ziweto ndi mbalame. Mitundu siyimapezeka m'nkhalango komanso malo ouma.
Khalidwe ndi moyo genetics
Mtundu osati zachikhalidwe chinyamakoma nthawi zina mitundu ya Itiyopiya imakhala m'magulu awiriawiri. Dera lomwe amuna amakhala limodzi silidutsa mamailosi asanu; Amakhala ndi moyo wamadzulo.
Nyamayo imakhazikika pabowo la mtengo, dzenje losiyidwa kapena pakati pamiyala, pomwe imagona masana, yokhazikika mu mpira. Nyama imatha kukwawa m'maenje ochepa kwambiri, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti mutu womwewo umangokwawa.
Mitundu ikamaopsezedwa, imadzuka chovalacho ndikuyamba kuluma, kukanda ndikutulutsa mtsinje wamadzi onunkhira kwambiri. Mwanjira imeneyi, imafanana ndi skunk.
Nthawi ina ku Middle Ages, ma genet anali ziweto zomwe amakonda, koma amphaka adazisintha mwachangu. Ngakhale ngakhale pano ku Africa nthawi zambiri amakonda kuziziritsa mbewa ndi makoswe. Amati kwakanthawi kochepa amatha kuyeretsa nyumba yonse pamavuto.
Ku Europe ndi America, genet imasungidwa ngati chiweto. Nyamayi ndiyosavuta kuyendetsa, imakonda kulumikizana. Itha kuyankha ngakhale dzina lake lanyumba, kutsagana ndi mwini wakeyo ndikudziyendetsa nokha kuti ikhale yosokedwa ndi kudulidwa.
Pamalo abata, abwinoko, ma genetic samanunkhiza ndipo ali oyera kwambiri. Amapita, ngati amphaka, kupita ku tray yapadera. Eni ake amachotsa zofunda zawo ndikuzisakaniza kuti ziziteteza ndi nyumba zawo. Gulani genet osati yovuta, koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nyamayi imafuna chisamaliro chapadera.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Kusaka ndi genet kumachitika kokha padziko lapansi. Amayenda mwakachetechete kukagwira nyama, ndipo imakoka mchira wake ndi thupi lake ngati chingwe, kudumpha mwachangu, ndikugwira womugwira pakhosi ndikumuwombera.
Akutuluka usiku, agwira makoswe, abuluzi, mbalame ndi tizilombo tambiri. Itha kusangalalanso ndi zazing'ono zazing'ono, koma osapitirira kalulu. Nthawi zambiri samatha kudya nsomba kapena carrion.
Kukwera mitengo mosamala, kumadya zipatso. Kukhala pafupi ndi munthu, nthawi zambiri kumakumana ndi nkhuku nkhuku ndi nkhunda. Mitundu yopangidwa ndi nyumba nthawi zambiri imadyetsedwa chakudya champhaka, nkhuku, ndi zipatso.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Kutalika kwa nthawi ya genetics kumadalira momwe moyo ungakhalire. Kuthengo, sikhala zaka zopitilira 10, ndipo kunyumba pafupifupi 30. Ali ndi adani achilengedwe ochepa.
Izi ndi nyalugwe, ma servals, caracals. Ma jekete okhala ndi njoka amatha kukhala owopsa kwa majini ang'onoang'ono. Koma nyamazo zimathamanga kwambiri komanso zimakhala zakale, ndizovuta kuzigwira.
Anthu amawawononga chifukwa cha ubweya ndi nyama, koma ma genetics alibe phindu. Nthawi zambiri amawombera pafupi ndi minda ya nkhuku, komwe nthawi zambiri amabwera. Chiwerengero cha nyama ndiochulukirapo ndipo sizibweretsa nkhawa chifukwa chophulika.
Pa chithunzi cha genet ndi mwana
Anzake amapanga awiriawiri munthawi yakukhwima. Zimakhala chaka chonse, ndipo kutengera ndi komwe akukhalamo kumagwera m'miyezi yosiyanasiyana. Kukula kumachitika pakatha zaka ziwiri. Wamphongo amanunkhira kuchokera kwa wamkazi ndikupita kwa iye. Njira yopangira matayala payokha ndi yochepa, pafupifupi mphindi 10, koma kulambalala kumatenga pafupifupi maola awiri.
Mimba imatenga pafupifupi masiku 70. Asanabadwe, wamkazi amapanga chisa kuchokera ku udzu wolimba. Ndipo ana amabadwa. Chiwerengero chawo mu zinyalala chimodzi ndi 3-4. Amabadwa akhungu, ogontha komanso amaliseche.
Makutu awo amayima patsiku lawo la 10 ndipo maso awo amaduladuka. M'miyezi ingapo yoyambirira, akuyamwitsa, koma ali ndi chakudya chokhazikika. Pakatha miyezi isanu ndi itatu, chibadwa chaching'ono chimatha kukhala chokha, koma kukhala pamalo a amayi. Mu chaka chimodzi, mkazi amatha kubereka kawiri.
Maonekedwe ndi kugawa
Yaitali (mpaka 100 cm), squat komanso yosinthika modabwitsa ya nyamazi yophimbidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi, m'malo mwake, utoto ndi wowoneka bwino, mchira wake ndiwofewa, mpaka 50 cm, pamunsi pake pali zisa zomwe zimatulutsa madzi onunkhira - musk. Oimira zamtunduwu amagawidwa makamaka m'misasa ndi m'malo otentha a Africa. AtsogoleriGenetta) khalani moyo wamadzulo.
Habitat
Kawirikawiri Geneta (Genetta genetta) kufalikira konsekonse mu Africa komanso, m'malo ena, ku Asia Minor. M'masiku akale, adayambitsa Europe ku Iberian Peninsula komanso kumwera kwa France. Mitundu yamtundu wachilengedwe imakhala pafupifupi m'malo onse momwe amapezera chakudya chabwino. Kwenikweni, amakonda nkhalango ndi zitsamba pafupi ndi madzi. Zitha kupezekanso m'minda, m'miyala, pamatalala (m'mitengo yayitali), m'mapiri (opanda mitengo ndi mitengo) pamalo okwera mpaka 1400-3000 metres. Nthawi zina amatha kupezeka pafupi ndi midzi komanso malo olimapo. Mankhwala okhala ndi chinyezi komanso malo owuma.
Moyo
Mitundu ya makolo - nyama zausiku zomwe zimathamanga komanso zodwala. Amathamanga kwambiri, kudumphira kutali (mpaka 2 mita kutalika) ndikukwera mitengo bwino. Atsogoleri amatha kudumphadumpha pang'onopang'ono kudutsa pakati pa nthambi zamiyala, kuyenda pakati pa miyala, komanso kudziwa kusambira. Ndizinyama zochenjera kwambiri komanso zamantha, ndizovuta kukumana nanu masana, popuma pogona, komanso usiku. Zingwe zamiyala, zingwe za nyama zomwe zimadyedwa, mabowo ndi zina zitha kukhala malo othawirako masana. Nyama zimasaka dzuwa litalowa. Mitundu yakuwopa imayimirira pa ubweya ndikutulutsa madzi pang'ono omwe amanunkhira musk. Kwenikweni, chinsinsi chomwe chimabisidwa ndi tiziwalo timene timagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akazi posankha gawo lawo.
Kufotokozera
Zaka zopitilira 2000 zapitazo, a Herototus adanenanso za mtundu wina m'mawu ake. A Greek ndi a Moor adagwiritsa ntchito nyamazi pomenya makoswe.
Maganizo ake adafotokozedwa koyamba ndi Carl Linnaeus mu 1758. Amakhulupirira kuti genetics ndi amodzi mwazinthu zakale kwambiri komanso zakale zomwe zakhalapobe mpaka pano. Pazaka 40-50 miliyoni zapitazo, asintha pang'ono.
Mawonekedwe: Mitundu yamtundu wachilengedwe ndi nyama zazing'ono zomwe zimawoneka ngati mphaka. Matupi awo ndi othinana, otupa. Mutu wake ndi waung'ono, kumbuyo kwakumbuyo. Chizindikiro chake ndicitali, chalongosoledwa. Makutu a nyama ndi akulu, kutalika kwake ndi malangizo. Maso ndi akulu, amakumbukira maso a amphaka - masana mwana atakhala wofanana. Chiwerengero cha mano ndi 40.
Tizilombo ta anal timakhala tating'ono ndipo timatulutsa timadzi tochepa tomwe timamveka ngati musk. Zovala zazifupi, zitha kukokedwa pakati pamatumba. Miyendo yake ndiyifupi, kumbuyo ndikutalika kuposa kutsogolo. Chiwerengero cha zala ndizofanana pamawamba onse - 5. Chingwe cha tsitsi ndi chachifupi, chofiyira komanso chotsika. Imakhala yofewa komanso yosalala kukhudza. Mchirawo ndi wautali komanso wopepuka. Kutalika kwake kumakhala kocheperako poyerekeza ndi kutalika kwa thupi (limodzi ndi mutu).
Akazi amakhala ndi ma nipples anayi, ndipo amuna amakhala ndi baculum (odziwika bwino) ya mbolo.
Mtundu: Utoto wanthawi yayitali ndi imvi yopepuka, m'malo ena okhala ndi chikasu chachikasu kapena chofiirira. Kumbuyo, mbali ndi kumtunda kwa miyendoyo zimapangidwa ngati mizere yopingasa, ndipo kumbuyo kwa khosi kumaso, mawanga akuda akulu akulu osiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe. Mzere wopitilira, wopyapyala, wakuda womwe umatambalala ndi kaphiriko. Chifuwa ndi mmero zimakhala ndi mthunzi wopepuka wa imvi, ndipo chizungulire, m'malo mwake, chimadetsa. Nsagwada ya m'munsi ndiyakuda. Pansi pamaso pamakhala chigamba choyera cha ubweya, chotsatira ndi chingwe chakuda chakuda. Mapiritsi a Vibrissa ndi oyera. Nasal kalasi wakuda. Miyendo imakhala yakuda kuposa mtundu waukulu, makamaka miyendo yakumbuyo, koma miyendo ndi imvi. Mtundu wa mchira umakhala ndi mphete zakuda ndi zoyera za 6-7 za mulifupi womwewo. Msonga wa mchira wakuda.
Kukula kwake: Kutalika kwa thupi la genet la achikulire ndi masentimita 42-58. Kutalika kwa mchira ndi 39-53 cm. Kutalika kwamapewa (kutalika) kumayambira 15 mpaka 17 cm.
Kulemera: Osapitirira 2 kg (pafupifupi 1-2 makilogalamu).
Utali wamoyo: Mu chilengedwe chimafika zaka 8-10, mu ukapolo - mpaka zaka 15.
Vote: Amphongo amapanga phokoso ngati amphaka: akamakondwera, amakula, akaopsezedwa, akulira, ngati akumva bwino, akutsata.
Kufalitsa
Dera: Mitundu yofala yamtunduwu ndi yofalikira ku Africa; imapezekanso kumwera chakumadzulo kwa chilumba cha Arabian. M'mbuyomu, mitunduyi idalowetsedwa ku Iberian Peninsula, ndikukhala mtundu wamtundu ku Europe. Jeneta wamba ndi amodzi mwa mitundu itatu ya banja la civerora loyimiriridwa ku Europe.
Masiku ano, mibadwo wamba imapezeka m'maiko otsatirawa: Spain, France (dera lakumwera), Portugal, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Sud, Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Somalia, South Sudan, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Uganda Kenya, Tanzania, Central African Republic, Chad, Cameroon, Niger, Nigeria, Benin, Ghana, Togo, Cod de Ivoire, Mali, Burkina Faso, Gambia, Guinea, Senegal, Mauritania, Angola, Botswana, South Africa, Namibia, Lesotho, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Palestine.
Funso la malo okhala majini wamba ku Palestine limatsutsana pakati pa asayansi yazanyama.
Habitat: Mitundu yamtundu wachilengedwe imakhala pafupifupi m'malo onse momwe amapezera chakudya chabwino. Kwenikweni, amakonda nkhalango ndi zitsamba pafupi ndi madzi. Zitha kupezekanso m'minda, m'miyala, pamatalala (m'mitengo yayitali), m'mapiri (opanda mitengo komanso opanda mitengo) pamalo okwera mpaka 1400-3000 metres. Nthawi zina amatha kupezeka pafupi ndi midzi komanso malo olimapo. Mankhwala okhala ndi chinyezi komanso malo owuma.
Khalidwe
Mitundu yamtundu wachilengedwe ndi nyama zachangu komanso zachangu. Amathamanga kwambiri, kudumphira kutali (mpaka 2 mita kutalika) ndikukwera mitengo bwino. Amatha kudumphadumpha modutsa nthambi zaminga, kuyenda pakati pa miyala, ndikudziwa kusambira.
Amuna ndi nyama zowopsa, nkovuta kukakumana nawo masana, pamene akupuma pogona, komanso usiku. Zingwe zamiyala, zingwe za nyama zomwe zimadyedwa, mabowo ndi zina zitha kukhala malo othawirako masana. Nyama zimasaka dzuwa litalowa.
Mitundu yakuwopa imayimirira pa ubweya ndikutulutsa madzi pang'ono omwe amanunkhira musk. Kwenikweni, chinsinsi chomwe chimabisidwa ndi tiziwalo timene timagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akazi posankha gawo lawo.
Nyama zamtunduwu zimakhala zosavuta kuzisintha. Ngakhale amphaka asanalowe, anthu anali kugwiritsa ntchito genet kumenya ndodo. Nyama izi zimayankha pa dzina lawo laulere, kutsagana ndi mwini wake ngakhale masana, ziloleredwe.
Khalidwe labwino Mitundu yamtundu wachilengedwe imasaka kokha padziko lapansi. Popita kusaka, amasambira nyama modzidzimutsa, natambasula mchira wawo ndi matupi awo pamzere umodzi, amapanga kulumpha lakuthwa, atagwira goli ndi khosi. Kenako amachidya mwachangu, pomwe ubweya wa genet udayima kuti ungathe, mwina chifukwa chosangalatsidwa, ndipo, mwina, chifukwa choopa kutaya nyama kapena kudabwitsidwa.
Kakhalidwe: Muzikhala moyo wopanda wokha. Gawo la wamwamuna mmodzi limakhala pafupifupi 5 km 2, yomwe imaphatikizapo magawo angapo achikazi.
Amatha kuwoneka awiriawiri nthawi yakuswana komanso m'magulu ang'onoang'ono (amayi ndi ana a ng'ombe), zomwe sizipereka chifukwa chofotokozera majini wamba ngati nyama zapakhomo.
Adani: Abereki amatha kukhala ovutitsidwa ndi a serval, leopard, caracal, komanso kadzidzi akuluakulu. Ankhandwe, civet ndi njoka ndizowopsa kwa achichepere.
Mtengo wachuma
Zopindulitsa munthu: M'mayiko ena a ku Africa, genet wamba limasungidwa m'nyumba ndi cholinga chofanana ndi amphaka. Sipakanakhala fungo la musk, mwina akadasungidwa kuti awononge makoswe ku Europe, koma pakadali pano gawo ili la Dziko lapansi amasungidwa ngati nyama zapakhomo.
Khungu la genet limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ubweya, nyama imadyedwa, ziwalo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu am'deralo pofuna mankhwala.
Chovulaza anthu: Abereki amatha kuwononga nkhunda ndi nkhuku kuku, koma amachita izi kawirikawiri.
Mphamvu ndi Chitetezo
Chiwerengero: Mwambiri, kuchuluka kwa majini wamba kuli kwakukulu. IUCN idapatsa mtunduwo nkhokwe ya Least Concern (2008), popeza mtunduwu ndi wofala padziko lonse la Africa, malo omwe amapezeka amatetezedwa, ndipo nyama zamtunduwu zimasinthidwa kukhala malo osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wawo wopulumuka. Kusaka kwa genet kumapitilizabe, koma sikuyambitsa vuto lalikulu kwa anthu. M'madera ena, makamaka ku Europe, madera, ma genetics akuwopsezedwa ndikuwonongeka kwa malo chifukwa chakumtunda komanso chitukuko cha zokopa alendo.
Mkhalidwe Woyang'anira: Masanjidwe Genetta genetta isabelae wophatikizidwa ndi Buku Lapadziko Lonse Lapansi. M'mayiko ena a ku Africa, makamaka ku Morocco, Algeria ndi Tunisia, genetics wamba amatetezedwa ndi malamulo adziko lonse. Palibe njira yosamalira kapena kuswana yomwe yapangidwa.
Makonda: Pakadali pano, pali mitundu ingapo ya majini wamba, yomwe pamakhala mikangano pakati pa asayansi yazanyama.
- G. g. balearica (Mallorca, Islands Islands),
- G. g. granti (South West Arabia),
- G. g. isabelae (Spain),
- G. g. pyrenaica (Iberian Peninsula, France),
- G. g. terraesanctae (Palestine),
- G. g. senegalensis (Spain).
Maubwenzi a Banja ndi Zinyama Zamtchire
Genetta (lat.Genetta) - nyama zoyamwitsa, genus geneta zimachokera ku banja lalikulu la viverra (lat. Viverridae).Asayansi amati cholengedwa chokongola chonchi chinachokera ku zilombo zodya nyama.
Kuyenda kuzungulira padziko lonse lapansi, nyama yaying'ono yokongola iyi imawoneka ngati yosatheka kukumana m'makona ambiri padziko lapansi. Gawo lalikulu la malo omwe amakhalamo amawonedwa ngati madera otentha kwambiri ku Africa, makamaka mayiko monga Ethiopia, Kongo, Namibia, Nigeria, Gabon, Kenya, Mozambique, Sudan, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, kupatula ku chipululu cha Sahara. Amakhalanso ku Middle East ndi Southwest Europe.
Zomwe zimachitika pa chibadwa cha chilengedwe
Popeza geneta yofiirayo ndi nyama yomwe imakonda kudya zachilengedwe, motero, monga abale ake ambiri, imakhala ndi usiku kapena nthawi yamadzulo. Masana, nyama yolusa imeneyi imakonda kupumula ndi kugona mu ngodya zina zobisika, imatha kukhala miyala ikuluikulu yamiyala, mabowo a anthu ena kapena mitengo yopanda kanthu. Mdima utayamba kukuta dziko lapansi, geneta limayamba kufunafuna chakudya. Zinyama zoyipa kwambiri zitha kusilira uchidakwa, chisamaliro ndi kufulumira mu ntchito yosaka, nyama yabwinoyi poyang'ana koyamba.
Panthawi yopeza chakudya, nyama yodabwitsayi imadziwoneka yokongola kwambiri. Thupi lake lotha kusinthasintha limalola kuyenda kosakongola komansoakasaka kufunafuna nyama, kumamvetsera mosamala zilizonse zomwe zikuchitika komanso kuwerenga fungo lililonse. Ngati geneta akuganiza kuti ngakhale nyama yaying'ono kwambiri idawonekera pafupi naye, amagunda osaganizira, kudumpha mokoma, ndikugundana ndi thupi lake lokongola, pomwe kuli kwachilengedwe kuti iye azingoganiza. Pamene mutu wofiyira uwu ukakwera miyala kapena nthambi za mtengo, thupi lake limafanana ndi mzere umodzi wowongoka, ndipo ndikuyenda kulikonse komwe kungachitike, zitha kulingaliridwa kuti thupi lake limapangidwa ndi masauzande mamalumikizidwe ndi minofu mazana, motero mwaluso amakhala nalo.
Ponena za chakudya, ngakhale kuti chimanyadira komanso kuti sichapamwamba, sichikakamiza zinthu zapadera. Samanyoza makoswe, zokwawa zazing'ono, mbalame ndi mazira, nthawi zina amathanso kusangalala ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana.
Chifukwa chomwe amawona genetics nthawi zambiri amasankha malo okhala pafupi ndi malo okhala, alimi a nkhuku amakhala ovuta. Usiku, nthawi zambiri amatsutsa ulimi, kuwononga nkhuku, motere, kudziko lawo, limayikidwa ngati tizilombo. Ngakhale, monga momwe maumboni ena amanenera, kalelo, anthu ankasanja genet kuti apulumutse katundu wawo kuchokera kumakolo osiyanasiyana.
Nyama yabwinoyi imafanana ndi mphaka woweta - onse ndi amanyazi. Ndi kutulutsidwa kulikonse kwa mahomoni opsinjika mu mphaka ndi geneta, tsitsi limatupa, ndipo tiziwalo timene timayambitsa kutulutsa bwino ndi fungo la musky.
Ngakhale kuti cholengedwachi chimatchera khutu, ndichipongwe komanso mosamala, zoopsa zosiyanasiyana sizimapitilira. Mu chilengedwe, cholengedwa chomwe chili ndi zidziwitso zakunja zodabwitsa sichiri ndi adani ochepa, mwa iwo pali nyama zazikulupo zazikulupo za amphaka, mbalame zazikulu zodyedwa, agalu amtchire komanso agalu, komanso njoka.
Koma pali vuto linanso lalikulu lomwe limakulitsa moyo wa genet yaying'ono yokongola - uyu ndi bambo. Chifukwa choti munthu waluso chonchi amalowetsa nkhuku zakumidzi mosatakasaka, anthu nthawi zambiri amagwira ndi kupha tizirombo zokongola. Kuphatikiza apo, m'maiko a nyama yaying'ono iyi, anthu wamba amangogwiritsa ntchito kuti ateteze katundu wawo, komanso chifukwa chakuchotsa nyama ndi ubweya wokongola, momwe zinthu zina zoyambirira za zovala zidzasokonekera posachedwa.
Kupitilizika kwa mtundu wamtundu wofiiritsa
Mwachilengedwe, nyama yamtunduwu ndi cholengedwa chomwe sichifunikira kuyanjana ndipo imakhala yosungulumwa. Amuna ndi amuna amtunduwu amayamba kukhazikika nthawi yokha yobala ana.
Kubwezeretsanso kwa oimira zapaderadera padziko lapansi kumachitika pafupifupi kawiri pachaka, nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi nthawi yachilimwe kapena nthawi yachilimwe. Kutalika kwa nthawi ya pakati pa theka la chibadwa ndi milungu pafupifupi 10 - 12, pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, kuchokera kwa ana anayi osamva ndi akhungu. Pakatha sabata, mphekesera zimawonekera mwa akhanda ndipo maso amatseguka. Mkaziyo amadzipangira iye yekha “holo yobadwa nayo” yake payekha kuchokera pa udzu wouma.
Mayi wokhala ndi ma genet omwe amawona amadyetsa ana ake mkaka wa m'mawere kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, pang'onopang'ono ndikuyamba kuzolowera chakudya cha anthu akuluakulu. A Malta amakhala mnyumba yawo ya makolo kwa chaka chimodzi, ndipo akafika zaka ziwiri amakhala wamkulu ndi woima pawokha ndipo amayi awo amawasiyira "posambira" mwaulere.
Tikayang'ana chithunzi cha geneta wokhala ndi tsitsi loyera, wina akuganiza kuti nyama yabwino kwambiri iyi, yomwe idabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Africa, imafuna malo okhala komanso kuti munthu wamba sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za chilombo chokongola ichi. Mwinanso lingaliro loterolo limadzinenera chifukwa cha kunja kwachilendo kapena chifukwa choganiza kuti nyama zapakhomo zimafuna chisamaliro choyenera.
Koma ngati mutabweretsa cholengedwa chokongola chotere kunyumba kwanu, mosakayikira mudzadabwa. Kusamalira nyama yokhala ndi mbewa yambiri kumakhala ndi malamulo awiri oyenera - zakudya zoyenera komanso zoyenera nthawi zonse ndikuyeretsa zonyansa zake tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Danga lanu. Mwa chikhalidwe chawo ndi machitidwe awo, majini amtundu wofanana ndi amphaka onse omwe amawakonda. Kuwasunga mu chipinda chanyumba, amamasuka poyenda. Amatha kupumula pa sofa pafupi ndi mwini wakeyo komanso m'nyumba yofewa ya amphaka ogulika kumalo ogulitsa ziweto (kukula kwake kokhako kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo kuposa kwa mphaka wamba). Ngati mungasamuke kudzikolo nthawi yachilimwe ndipo mukufuna kuti mukatenge kampani yanu yaku Africa, nyumba yabwino kwambiri imakhala malo owuluka omwe ali mdera lanu. Inde, chiweto choyambirirachi chimayenera kuloledwa kuyenda nthawi ndi nthawi kuti chizitha kuyendayenda m'malo momasuka, chifukwa ziribe kanthu momwe zimasungidwira komanso kubedwa, ufulu wachikondi umayikidwa pamtundu wa majini. M'nyumba mwake, muyenera kukhazikitsa ziwiya zake, zomwe mumazidzaza tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, komanso chidebe chokhala ndi madzi akumwa oyera. Komanso, pamtunda wa malo oweta a nyama yokongola, ndikofunikira kumanga malo osangalatsa komanso abwino.
Njira zaukhondo. Nyama iyi yokongola kopanda chilengedwe ndiyabwino kwambiri mwachilengedwe, geneta imasamalira tsitsi lake lopambana, kuphatikiza ndikusambitsa tsiku ndi tsiku. Ngati chiweto chili bwino, mungamuthandizenso kusamalira thupi lake, nthawi zina pomwe woimira nyama wamkuluyo, mosangalala amalola kuti akande, kwinaku akupereka purger wokondweretsa komanso wokhutiritsa. Koma poyerekeza kuti chiweto chanu chadzuka pa "phazi lolakwika", osalimbikitsidwa kuti akuphwanye malo ake otetezedwa, sadzatha ndi chilichonse chabwino, kupatula mkwiyo wanzanu waubwenzi. Chifukwa cha zosowa zachilengedwe, geneta yofiira yomwe mawanga, ngakhale otseguka, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupita kumalo omwewo, chifukwa chake mutha kugula mosamala nguluwe yamphaka. Sikovuta kuzolowera taya, ukadaulo ndi wofanana ndi wamphaka, ndipo nthawi zambiri zotsatira zake zimayenda bwino. Matayala amayenera kutsukidwa pafupipafupi, popeza woyeretsayu atha kukana kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi chonyansa, ndiye kuti mwachibadwa iye amatha kusiya zizolowezi zake ndikuthandizira zosowa zake pamalo alionse abwino. Palibe mwayi kuti mungakonde.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi. Zakudya za kukongola kocheperako kumeneku kuyenera kukhala kosiyanasiyana komanso koyenera. Monga chakudya chachikulu, genet yokhala ndi mawanga imakonda chakudya champhaka chogulira wamba. Inu nokha simungathe kuchita nokha. Malo anu ogona ku Africa ayeneranso kupatsidwa chakudya chamafuta ochepa, nkhuku, nkhuku, kalulu ndi abwino, mutha kupereka ng'ombe. Komanso, musaiwale za nsomba, ili ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri yofunikira pakukula bwino komanso thanzi labwino la mnzanu. Palibe vuto, nyama yaying'onoyi siyipereka zipatso zosiyanasiyana, mutha kuipereka mwauma. Komanso zogulitsa pompopompo, monga makoswe, ngati pali mwayi wotero - musawachotsere pazakudya zake. Kukhala bwino kuperekanso mavitamini opindulitsa a geneta.
Kugula ndi mtengo wa genetics ofiira
Masiku ano, zolengedwa zodabwitsa izi zikuchulukirachulukira ku Russia, motero zikuwoneka ngati zovuta kugula. Pafupifupi, mtengo pamtundu uliwonse umachokera ku 70,000 mpaka 130,000 rubles.
Kodi mtundu wofiira womwe umawoneka bwanji, onani vidiyo:
Zojambula za nyama, mitundu
Amakhulupirira kuti nyamayi ndi imodzi mwazinyama zakale kwambiri. Ngakhale ku Greece yakale amasungidwa ngati ziweto ndipo ankakonda kumenya nkhondo. Komabe, chisinthiko sichinawakhudze mwanjira iliyonse. Kapangidwe ka thupi la nyamayo kumagwirizana kwambiri, kamakhala kutalika kwa masentimita 60. Kutalika kwa kufota kumafika mpaka 20 cm.
Kulemera kwake sikupitirira 2 kg. Miyendo ndi yaying'ono, mchirawo ndi wamtali wa 60 cm komanso wofunda kwambiri. Kuphatikizira kwa geneta ndi kocheperako, koma motalika komanso pang'ono pang'ono. Makutu akulu ali pamenepo. Ana a maso amakhala ochepa thupi masana ndipo amapanga mitsitsi yofanana ndi ya amphaka.
Popeza genet ndi chilombo, ili ndi mano owola lumo, onse - 40 zidutswa. Zovala, ngati amphaka, zimatha kukokedwa ndikupilo. Zala zisanu zili pamiyendo ya nyamayo. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo. Kapangidwe ka ubweya ndi kofewa komanso kosangalatsa akakhudza. Mtundu wa nyamazo umatengera mtundu wawo ndipo ndi wosiyana pang'ono. Kusiyana kumeneku kumawonekera bwino powunika pafupi.
- Geneta vulgaris imakhala ndi ubweya wonyezimira wopepuka, wosintha bwino kukhala beige. M'mphepete mwake muli madontho achikuda akuda, pomwe pali chopondapo pali mdima komanso chingwe chopepuka chomwe chili pamwamba pamphuno ndi malo ang'onoang'ono pafupi ndi diso. Phokoso lomwe lili pachimpso ndi loyera. Mchirawo umakhala ndi zingwe zisanu ndi zitatu zoyera, nsonga yakuda.
- Mtundu wowoneka bwino ndi wamtundu wonyezimira komanso wowoneka ndi maonekedwe, koma umasiyanitsidwa ndi Mzere wakuda wopyola mzere wonse.
- Mtundu wa tiger umasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wachikaso chopepuka kumtunda kumbuyo kwake, komwe pang'onopang'ono imasanduka imvi. Mchirawo umakhala ndi mikwingwirima yopepuka, yolumikizana ndi yamdima ndipo imatha ndi nsonga yakuda kwathunthu.
- Mtundu wopepuka kwambiri uli ndi mtundu wa ku Itiyopiya. Kumbuyo ndi mbali za nyama zofiirira kuyambira zoyera mpaka zachikasu, tummy ndi imvi. Pali misewu isanu kumbuyo, ndi ina iwiri mdera la occipital. Mchira si wosiyana ndi mchira wa abale.
Habitat
Malo omwe chibadwire chimachokera ku Africa, gombe lakumpoto. Pakadali pano, nyamayo yafalikira mtunda wawutali. Malo awo amakhala monga Arabia Peninsula wa Arabia komanso kumwera kwa Europe. Nthawi zambiri amatha kuwoneka ku France ndi Spain.
Amakhala kulikonse komwe angapezeke chakudya. Koma zokonda zimaperekedwa kudera lamapiri, pafupi ndi matupi amadzi oyera. Komabe, mizu yake imamera mosavuta m'mapiri komanso m'zipululu. Ichi ndi nyama yochenjera kwambiri, yomwe, pogwiritsa ntchito miyendo yayifupi, imafalikira pamwamba pa nthaka pakati pa miyala ndi nthambi kuthamanga kwa buluzi. Amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi anthu pomwe samazengereza kudya nkhuku.
Chiyembekezo chamoyo, adani
Nyama ilibe adani ambiri achilengedwe. Kwenikweni, awa ndi anyani akuluakulu amphaka, mbalame, njoka, agalu amtchire. Komabe, genetics ndi nyama zothamanga kwambiri, ndipo kugwira ndi kuzigwira kuthengo sikophweka.
Kuwonongeka kwa majini ndi anthu kumachitika chifukwa cha nyama ndi ubweya wosangalatsa, komabe, osati pamsika wamalonda. Sizachilendo kuti amangowomberedwa pafupi ndi nyumba kuti aimitse zigawenga zawo kumeneko. Kuchulukana kwa geneta kuli ochulukirapo ndipo ngozi yakufalikira kwa nyamayo kulibe. Malinga ndi International Union for Conservation of Natural, mitunduyi imatchulidwa kuti "yoyipitsa pang'ono".
Mtundu geneti
Utoto wanthawi zonse wa geneta wamba ndi imvi. M'malo ena mumakhala mtundu wa brownish kapena chikasu. Malo akuda amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwake amapezeka kumtunda kwamiyendo, mbali, kumbuyo kwa khosi ndi kumbuyo. Komanso, kumbuyo kwa khosi kumakhala kokhazikitsidwa mizere yopingasa, ndipo mbali, kumbuyo ndi kumtunda kwa miyendo - yopingasa. Mzere wa sulufule wopitilira kamtunda kakang'ono komwe kamafalikira msana. Khosi ndi chifuwa zili ndi mthunzi wopepuka, pomwe muzzle ndimdima wakuda kwambiri. Nsagwada ya m'munsi yapentedwa kwathunthu. Dera latsitsi pansi pamaso limakhala ndi utoto woyera, ndipo pambuyo pake limatulutsa chingwe chakuda. Ma pads omwe ma vibrissae amapezeka ndi oyera. Galasi lamphuno ndilofiirira. Miyendo imakhala ndi mtundu wakuda kuposa thupi lonse. Miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yakuda kwambiri, koma miyendo ndi imvi. Mchirawo umakongoletsedwa ndi mphete zisanu ndi ziwiri mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, zofananira chimodzimodzi. Msonga wa mchira wakuda.
Gulu la anthu
Geneta amakhala ndi moyo wapayekha. Mwamuna aliyense amakhala ndi malo okhala ma kilomita pafupifupi 5, omwe amakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zazikazi.
Awiriawiri, jini amatha kuwoneka nthawi yakuswana, koma nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza gulu la nyama. Popeza nthawi zonse amakhala mayi wokhala ndi ana, izi sizipereka chifukwa chilichonse chodziwika pakati pamtundu wa nyama.
Mitundu ya mbewu
Jeneta wamba amatulutsa ana awiri kapena anayi osamva, akhungu ndi amaliseche. Patsiku la chisanu kapena khumi ndi chisanu, moyo wa maso umayamba kutseguka, ndipo makutu amapita pang'ono. Achichepere amadya mkaka wa m'mawere kwa miyezi ingapo, ngakhale amadya zakudya zolimba, ali ndi njira zodyera masabata angapo atabadwa. Ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi iwiri mpaka isanu ndi itatu, mbewuyo imatha kukhala ndi moyo wodziimira payekha.
Kukula kwa chiwerengero cha Geneta ndi chitetezo chake
Mwambiri, zitha kudziwika kuti kuchuluka kwa geneta wamba ndikokulira. Pakadali pano, mtundu wamtunduwu umadziwika kuti "ukuyambitsa nkhawa" (malinga ndi data ya 2008). Izi ndichifukwa choti mtunduwu ndiofala kwambiri ku Africa. Malo okhala nyama amaphatikizapo malo otetezedwa, kuphatikiza apo, majini amasinthidwa bwino ndikukhala ndi moyo wosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimawonjezera kwambiri kuthekera kwawo pakupulumuka komanso zotsatira za anthropogenic. Ndipo ngakhale kuti gene limasakidwa, silibweretsa vuto lalikulu kwa anthu. Komabe, m'maiko angapo, oyimiriridwa ndi mayiko aku Europe, majini akuwopsezedwa ndi kuchepa kwa anthu wamba. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuwonongedwa kwa malo ena alionse kapena osayenera. Chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndi chitukuko cha zokopa alendo komanso kuchuluka kwa mizinda.
Mitundu yamagulu
Pakadali pano, asayansi a zaanyama amasiyanitsa mitundu ingapo ya nyamayi. Komabe, mikangano pa izi pakati pa asayansi isanathebe.
- Genetta genetta senegalensis (Spain),
- Genetta genetta terraesanctae (Palestine),
- Genetta genetta pyrenaica (France, Chigawo cha Iberian),
- Genetta genetta isabelae (Spain),
- Genetta genetta granti (South West Arabia),
- Genetta genetta balearica (Islands ya Balearic, Mallorca).
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.