Spog achule | |||||
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Smooth Spur Frog | |||||
Gulu la asayansi | |||||
Ufumu: | Eumetazoi |
Chinsinsi: | Batrachia |
Jenda: | Spog achule |
Spog achule (lat. Xenopus) - a genus pipova. Amati okalamba amenewa amakhala moyo wawo wonse m'madzi. Zamoyo zingapo zakale zimadziwika kuyambira ku Asia, Africa ndi South America, kuyambira zaka pafupifupi 85 mpaka 1.8 Ma.
Chule genome
Mu 2010, asayansi adalengeza kuti atha kudziwa mtundu wa chule Xenopus tropicalismunali mitundu pafupifupi 20,000. Kufufuza kunayamba mu 2003 ndipo kunali kukonzekera pofika 2005. Zotsatira zake, zidapezeka kuti zaka pafupifupi mamiliyoni 360 zapitazo panali kholo wamba la munthu ndi achule a Spur.
Makhalidwe wamba
Chule cham'maso - mwini wa thupi lamphamvu kwambiri, makamaka miyendo yakumbuyo, yomwe imang'amba zazifupi. Chifukwa cha ma spurs, chule adadziwika. Nembanemba imadzaza pakati pa zala. Kwawo kwa achule ndi ku Africa, anthu amderali amadya mwakachetechete awa chakudya, nyama sikhala ndi poizoni. Mutu wa chule la spur ndi wocheperako, maso ali pamwamba pamutu. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, wolumirira uyu samatha kuona bwino, ndipo buluzi lakumwambalo limaletseka. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yake komanso zibwano, chule imatha kudziteteza kwa adani komanso imasaka yokha.
Zimalosera zazing'ono, zopanda nembanemba. Achule amasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi jenda. Amuna ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa akazi. Komanso, amuna samakhala ndi ovipositor omwe amafanana ndi kanthu kakang'ono. Kutalika kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu kumatha kufika 13 cm. Pali mitundu isanu padziko lapansi, kotero mtundu ndi kukula kwa amphibians zimasiyana pang'ono. M'malo ake achilengedwe, chule cha Spur chimapezeka m'malo osungirako ndi madzi osasunthika. Imatha kukhazikika kwakanthawi m'matumba oyenda. Achule amtunduwu sangakhale motalika popanda madzi. Amphibi amadya ndi kusaka m'madzi.
Migwirizano ndi Zolemba
Chule la Spur, kukonza ndi kusamalira komwe ndikosavuta, kumafunikabe kutsatira malamulo ena ndi chisamaliro. Choyamba, kuti mukhale momasuka ndi chiweto chapamwamba kunyumba, mudzafunika malo okhala ndi malita 60 kapena kupitirira. Ngati chule amakonzera zoposa chimodzi, ndiye kuti pafupifupi ma lita khumi amawerengera aliyense payekhapayekha. Amati okalamba awa amangofunika kutonthozedwa komanso malo ake. Madzi ayenera kusefedwa, zolengedwa izi zitha kufa ngati mungadzaze madzi a m'madzi ndi madzi apampopi. Chlorine wopezeka m'madzi amenewo ndi wowopsa kwa achule. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi yomwe yakhazikika kwa masiku angapo. Mu aquarium, kusefedwa ndikofunikira, achule a ku Africa samasiyana pakukhazikika ndipo amatulutsa zinyalala nthawi zonse. Pansi amatha kukongoletsedwa ndi gawo lapansi kapena dothi, koma ochepa okha, popeza achule amatha kudya.
Mchenga wamtsinje umathanso kukhala woyenera. Zomera mu aquarium ndibwino kuti muzisankha zopanga. Chifukwa cha ndere, achule amatha kuvulaza mosavuta zamoyo zam'madzi, ndipo mumawononga nthawi. Tisaiwale kuti kuti tikhala momasuka kwa chule la Spur amafunikiradi pogona, motero ndibwino kukhazikitsa maziko am'madzimo ndikupatsa amphibian chitetezo. Mutha kuyisankha m'sitolo kuti musangalale ndikuyiyika pansi pa aquarium. Zowunikira zitha kukhala zilizonse, achule ndi opanda ulemu pankhaniyi. Aquarium imakutidwa bwino ndi chivindikiro. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zolengedwa zonyansa izi zimadumphira m'mwamba ndipo zimatha kusiya malo okhala nthawi iliyonse.
Kodi chule yemwe amadya chimadyanso chiyani?
Achule a Aquarium spur ndi odzichepetsa. Amatha kudyetsedwa nyama, nsomba, chiwindi, mwachangu, mphutsi, njenjete, kapena nyongolotsi. Koma izi siziyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi. Zolondola, zolengedwa zachilendozi zimadyetsedwa kawiri pasabata. Izi amphibians samakana kudya, koma amadziwika ndi kunenepa kwambiri, chifukwa chake muyenera kusamalira bwino thanzi la chule.
Pakudyetsa ana nthawi zambiri mumagwiritsa ntchito masamba a mkaka, masamba a letesi. Mukamatsatira malamulo onse odyetsa, mutha kupewa mavuto ambiri omwe nthawi zina chule amakumana nawo. Kuchuluka kwa zomwe anthuwa amakhala. Chule imatha kukhala ndi zaka 15 kapena kupitirira.
Kuswana
Ngati mungadzifunse za kubereka, ndiye chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Ndikokwanira kugula anthu awiri azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Pakukhwima, ndibwino kusokoneza achule a Spur ndikuwawalitsa ndi kuwala. Ndikofunikanso pang'ono kuti musinthe zakudya ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Kwa nthawi yakukhwima, ndibwino kuyika achule m'malo osiyanasiyana okhala ndi ngalande. Akaziwo akaikira mazira, ndi bwino kubweza anthuwo kunyumba kwawo.
Patatha masiku asanu, mphutsi zimabadwa. Amafuna malo abwino. Kutentha m'madzi sikuyenera kupitirira 25 digiri Celsius. Onetsetsani kuti mumaganiza kuti mphutsi sizikhala zopitilira khumi lita imodzi yamadzi. Tisaiwale kuti pakusankhidwa kwachilengedwe, ma tadpoles amatha kudya wina ndi mnzake. Achule amakhala ndi mawonekedwe okalamba a munthu wamkulu pofika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, koma ngati mutapanga zabwino, ndiye kuti metamorphosis idzachitika kale.
Thanzi lathanzi
Musanayambe chilengedwe chodabwitsachi, muyenera kuzolowera kukhazikika kwa malamulo osamalira. Ngati simunayang'anire momwe madzi am'madzi amadzere ndikuwasiya akuda, achule amatha kudwala kwambiri ndikupeza matenda. Muyeneranso kulabadira zomwe zili ndi okosijeni mu aquarium. Ngati mwini wa amphibian apanga zakudya zolakwika, matenda a mafupa kapena kunenepa kwambiri angachitike. Ngakhale kuli kwokhwima kwa malamulo, amphibian uyu ndiosavuta kuwasamalira, mosiyana ndi zolengedwa zina zakunja. Ngati malingaliro onse atsatiridwa, chiweto chodabwitsachi chimatha kusangalatsa mwiniwake kwa zaka zambiri.