Parrot uyu amakondedwa padziko lonse lapansi. Dzinalo la sayansi ndi African Grey Parrot ya genus Psittacus, koma aliyense dzina lake ndi chabe Jaco. M'mabanja momwe mbalame yabwinoyi imakhala pakati pa anthu, nyengo yapadera.
Kutha kwa parrot kutengera mawu a munthu ndi kukhala ndi malingaliro a mwana wazaka 4-5 kumamupangitsa kukhala wokondedwa wa banja kwa zaka zambiri, chifukwa nthawi yake yamoyo ili ngati ya munthu - zaka 50-70, ndipo anthu ena adapulumuka mpaka zaka 90.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a Jaco
Mosiyana ndi anzawo okongola, jaco parrot Sichosiyana ndi mitundu yowala, imakhala ndi imvi. Nthawi zina mumatha kumva momwe amadzitcha grey parrot. Koma izi zimangotengera mtundu wa nthenga, zomwe, mwatsoka, zimakhala ndi zopyapyala, zopepuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mamba azikhala.
Luso la ma parrots limakhala ndi kutsanzira mawu, luso lophunzirira bwino, mawonekedwe a malingaliro ndi ochezeka pakati pa anthu amadziwika. Amayankha kuwonetsera chisamaliro ndi chikondi, kusankha pamayanjano.
Ngati parrot azindikira mtsogoleri mwa munthu ndipo akufuna kulumikizana, amawonetsa chikondi ndipo amatha kukhala bwenzi kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma zimafunikanso, ngati mwana, mtima wokoma mtima komanso ulemu.
Nthenga zofiira za phula zitadziwika kuti ndi zamatsenga, ndipo m'mafuko aku West Africa, kwawo kwa mbalame, adagwidwa chifukwa cha izi. Pambuyo pake mbalame zamtchire mwapeza malo pakati pa nkhuku zanu zomwe mumakonda.
Nthawi inayake ankakhala m'nyumba zachifumu za afara achiiguputo. Mfumu ya England, a Henry the Eighth, adagwira a Jaco. Masiku ano, eni ziphimba zazikulu amathanso kumva pharao kapena mafumu.
Kukula kwa Jaco zazikulu zokwanira: Amuna amafika 35-45 cm, zazikazi ndizocheperako. Kulemera kwa mbalame yayikulu pafupifupi pafupifupi magalamu 600. Mlomo wake ndi waukulu kwambiri komanso umagwira ntchito, umakhala wopanda zovuta ndi chakudya cholimba. Mothandizidwa ndi mulomo, mbalamezo zimapanga chisa ndi kudzisamalira. Mapiko ndiakulu okhala ndi malo okhala ndi tsitsi komanso opanda.
Ziwonetserozo zimawuluka zolimba, mosanyinyirika, kuwuluka kumawoneka ngati bakha. Koma pali maulendo akuluakulu apaulendo owononga malo olimapo. Amakonda kukwera mitengo yazipatso zazikulu ndi milomo yolimba komanso mlomo wamphamvu.
Pita pansi kuti uthirire ndikunyamula miyala-yamaulendo. Kwathu Jaco - Maiko aku Africa, koma tsopano akukhala padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa chakhazikiko. Mu nyama zamtchire, zimapezeka pagulu lalikulu m'nkhalango za Central Africa.
Mitundu ya Jaco
Mwachikhalidwe kusiyanitsa mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya parrot: wofiira-tailed ndi brown-tailed. At jako-yofiira Mlomo wake ndi wakuda ndipo maula ndi opepuka. Brown-womata - yaying'ono kukula komanso yamtundu wakuda, mulomo wamtundu wa pinki.
Chiwonekedwe cha brown-chobiriwira chimakhala pafupi ndi gombe, ndipo chofiyira - m'malo akuya. M'mitundu yonseyi, iris ndi chikaso, ngakhale mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala zakuda.
Nthawi zina mapepala okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira amasiyanitsidwa - nyumba yachifumu. Imakhala ndi nthenga zakuda kwambiri ndi nthenga zofiira m'malo osiyanasiyana: pachifuwa, pamapiko, motsatira thupi. Mbalame zotere sizimawoneka nthawi zonse kuchokera kwa makolo "achifumu", ndipo,, gulu lachifumu lachifumu limatha kukhala ndi mwana wankhuku wopanda maonekedwe ofiira.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma jacquot, odulidwa mwamavuto, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe amtunduwu: imvi-pinki, yamtundu wachikasu, ma alubino, etc.
Jaco Parrot Habitat
Kukhazikika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ziphangala kumasiyana pang'ono. Ma Jacque omwe amakhala ndi zofiira amakhala ponseponse ku Angola, Congo ndi Tanzania, ndipo mbalame zamtchire zofiirira zimakhala kumadzulo kwa West Africa: Sierra Leone ndi Liberia, komanso Guinea.
Nthawi zambiri, a Jacques amakhala ku Africa komwe kuli nkhalango zazikulu zotentha. Wamtchire mumitengoyi, ngati mitengo yowala yaminga.
Jaco - mbalame osamala, anzeru komanso achinsinsi. Tsopano amatha kupezeka m'magulu ang'onoang'ono m'minda za nthochi kapena m'minda momwe amawuluka m'mawa kuti adzadye chimanga kapena chimanga, ndikuwononga ulimi.
Pamwamba pa mitengo titha kusonkhana usiku m'magulu kuti tigone malo ogona. Mmenemo ndiwosatheka kudyera, ngakhale ali ndi adani ochepa, mbalame zimavutika kwambiri ndikamaukiridwa ndi anthu.
M'malo mwake amasaka nyama zophimba za nyama ndikugulitsa anapiye onenepa m'mizinda yama doko. Amadyera zipatso, zipatso, mtedza osiyanasiyana, mafuta a kanjedza. Ngati palibe mankhwala, masamba ali ndi mavitamini ambiri. Pakukapolo, ma parrots samapereka maapulo ndi mapeyala, malalanje ndi kaloti wosavuta.
Maparishi ali ndi mawu okokomeza. Ndikulira kwa gulu la nkhosa, iwo amawopsya mbalame zina zomwe zikulowera m'malo awo okonda kudya. Sakufuna kusokonezeka ndi chipongwe cha Jaco mwachilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri amatha kumveka m'mawa ndi madzulo nthawi yochita.
Kulankhula jaco amakonda kuluma ndi kuyimba muluzu, amaliza ndi milomo yawo. Kusintha kwa phokoso ndi kosiyanasiyana: kulira, kukwawa, kufuula, kukuwa, kuphatikiza apo, akufanizira kukuwa kwa nyama zina kapena mbalame.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Kutchire, nthawi yomwe mbalamezo zimakonda kuswana nthawi zambiri zimakhala mvula nthawi yamvula. Kwa mbalame zokhala nesting zimasankha malo osafikika m'malo omwe madzi anasefukira m'nkhalango kapena m'nkhalango zowonongekeka pamitu yayikulu ya mitengo. Ndi mlomo wolimba, amakula mabowo akale kapena amapanga zisa kuchokera kumitengo yakugwa.
Kukula kokhazikika kumachitika pambuyo pazaka 5. Zovina zodukiza za Jacques Kumbutsa m'maso kutsitsa ndi kulira kwa kubuula ndi kulira. Nyama zotchedwa zinkhanira zimasankha ana ake amoyo, ndi nyama zochepa zomwe zimapezeka m'chilengedwe. Zisa zabwino zolimba zimakhala ndi zaka zingapo.
Dzira limagona limatenga masiku 4-6, ndipo mazira atatu kwa mwezi umodzi. Anapiyewo akamaswa, wamkazi samachoka pachisa masiku angapo. Wamphongo amateteza mtendere wa mkazi ndi ana ndipo amawasamalira. Pakangotha miyezi iwiri kapena itatu, mbalame zanyengoyi zimayamba kutuluka mu chisa cha kholo, komabe zimafunikira chisamaliro.
Jaco kusankha kwambiri posankha bwenzi, chifukwa chake, mu ukapolo kubereka kwawo nkovuta. Ma parroti ena ovuta amakhala osungulumwa.
Ngakhale kungokhalitsa nthawi yayitali sikungakhale chitsimikizo kuti mbalamezo zidzakhale banja. Sympathy ku Jaco imadziwonetsera pamodzi mu nthawi yolumikizira chakudya, ndege, ndi nthenga zoyeretsa.
Kubala mbalame ogwidwa kumafunikira chidziwitso chapadera. Ngakhale kudziwa mtundu wa mbalamezo ndi zizindikiro zakunja ndizosatheka. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthenga za mbalame zizitengera ku labotale kuti akawerenge. Chitsimikizo chimaperekedwa pokhapokha pakufufuza za endoscopic kapena DNA.
Mwa zizindikiro zofananizira, zimadziwika kuti yamphongo imakhala ndi mulomo wokulirapo komanso chigaza cholowa, pomwe wamkazi amakhala ndi mutu wolamulidwa. Amuna amaonabe chizolowezi chomawumba pamilomo yawo.
Kudziwa zaka ndi zizindikiro zakunja pambuyo pokhwima ndikutinso sizingatheke. Kuyembekezera moyo kumakhala kofanana ndi moyo wa munthu - Jaco amakhala pafupifupi zaka 70.
Mtengo wa parrot ndi Jaco
Ku West, kuswana kwa parrot kumathandizidwa kwambiri, kuphatikiza ndi thandizo la makulitsidwe, chifukwa chake ndizochepa. Pali oweta ochepa ku Russia jaco, mtengo kukwera.
Mitengo imapangidwa ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kulingaliridwa pogula:
• koyambira (kubadwira ku ukapolo kapena chilengedwe),
• zaka,
• pansi,
• mawonekedwe ndi mtundu,
• Njira yodyetsera kapena kuzolowera munthu,
• kupezeka kwa zikalata (kusanthula, satifiketi ya Chowona Chanyama, CITES chilolezo).
Wambewu aliyense ku nazale aliyense azikhala ndi mphete yokhazikika. Kugula zakutchire komanso osaphunzira Jaco anapiye, yotsika mtengo kudzera pa intaneti kapena pamsika, itha kuwononga ma ruble 15,000-35,000. Zokwera mtengo kugula jaco malo ogulitsira apadera.
Amphaka amanja okhala ndi mtengo wolira kuyambira 70,000 mpaka 150,000 rubles. Otsika mtengo kwambiri amalankhulidwa bwino, osakhwima okhala ndi malingaliro abwino. Mtengo wawo uposa ma ruble 300,000.
Pogula, muyenera kusamala ndi chinyengo pamene mbalame zakutchire zimaperekedwa ngati mbalame zosaweta, ndi achikulire ngati anapiye. Ngati mbalame ilumbira ndikulira mofuula kuchokera kwa munthu, ndiye kuti izi sizingasinthe. Nkhumba zimakhala ndi maso akuda omwe amangosintha chikasu ndi zaka, izi zimathandizira kusiyanitsa nyama zazing'ono mpaka zaka 1.5.
Jaco kunyumba
Jaco ndi mbalame yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ndipo muyenera kuyipeza, mukudziwa za zovuta zomwe zikubwera komanso kupezeka kwazidziwitso posamalira mbalame. Nthawi yomweyo, kulumikizana kumabweretsa chidziwitso chachikulu cha malingaliro osangalatsa.
Ngati parrot azindikira zokonda zanu mwa inu, sizitopetsa! Amatha kukhala wansanje, wachifundo kwambiri.
Kuphunzira kukambirana kumafuna kuleza mtima komanso kupirira. Nthawi zambiri, ma parroti amatha kuloweza pamtima mpaka mawu zana, ndipo mutha kulankhula naye. Kuti mbalameyo isakhumudwe ikangosiyidwa yokha, ingosiyidwa ndi zoseweretsa zamatsenga ngati zinthu zokutira zofunika kuzichotsa.
Izi zimakulitsa luso lake la malingaliro. Ngati mumasamalira thanzi lanu komanso parrot jacoadzakhala wokondwa. Koma iyemwini amatha kubweretsa chisangalalo kwa mbuye wake, osati pachabe zomwe zimamuyesedwa kuti ndi mbalame zamatsenga.
Magulu Jaco
Zapulogalamu za Jaco zimagawidwa m'mabuku awiri:
Amasankhanso mitundu ina ya Jaco, Princess waku Ghana. Kusiyana kwazinthu zochepa ndizochepa. Wofiyira-wofiira ndi wawukulu pang'ono, kutalika kwa thupi la 35 mpaka 40 cm, kuchuluka kwa mchira wa mwana wankhuku kumakhala kwamdima kuposa kumene munthu wamkulu. Pafupifupi zaka 1.5 kuchokera molt woyamba, mchirawo umakhala wofiyira, maso kuchokera kumaso kukhala achikasu. Brown-womata pang'ono pang'ono, thupi kutalika 25-30 cm.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Kuti Jaco asasungike kunyumba, muyenera kakhola kakang'ono. Mlomo wa mbalamezo ndi wamphamvu kwambiri, choncho khola liyenera kukhala ndi zitsulo zopingasa, ndi makulidwe a 2 mm kapena kuposerapo. Ndikwabwino kupachika padlock, osavomerezeka kuti agwiritse ntchito nthawi zonse, chifukwa mtundu uwu wa parrot ndiwanzeru kutsegula khola ndi kutuluka.
Jaco ndi parrot wanzeru komanso wanzeru. Amatha kukumbukira mpaka mawu a 1500. Chowoneka mosiyanitsa cha mtundu uwu ndi kuthekera kophatikiza mawu ndi zinthu zogwirizana, amakhalanso ndikusiyanitsa mawonekedwe ndi mtundu, amakumbukira manambala bwino. Muyenera kuphunzira kuyankhula ngati Jacquot mutatha kuseweretsa parrot. Ndikwabwino kuti asamam'chepetse Jaco adakali ang'ono; amayamba kuphunzira kuyankhula ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Zakudya za Jaco ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana komanso zoyenera. Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chamagulu, zakudya zazikulu ziyenera kuphatikizapo zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri.
Zithunzithunzi za Jaco ndizabwino kwambiri. Muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi tsiku lililonse kwa ola limodzi. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyankhula ndi parrot, sewerani ndikuphunzira kuyankhula.
Komanso, chisamaliro chapadera chikuyenera kulipidwa Jaco Parrot Care. Yeretsani khola tsiku ndi tsiku, sinthani madzi ndikuwonjezera chakudya. Ndikwabwino kuyeretsa khola popanda phula. Muyenera kumulola kuti atuluke mu khola kwinaku akuwuluka ndikutambasula mapiko ake, panthawiyi muyenera kutsatira njira zonse.
Chothandiza kwambiri pakusambira kwa parrot. Nthawi zambiri amagula bafa yosambira ya paroti kapena amayika madzi osambira.
Mtengo wa paro wa Jaco
Mtengo wa Jaco Parrot zimasiyana kuchokera ku ruble 50,000 mpaka 300,000. Royal Jacquot imadziwika kuti ndi yotsika mtengo kwambiri.
Mtengo wa parrot umatengera zinthu zingapo: malo ogulira, zaka za parrot, mawonekedwe ndi mkhalidwe wa parrot. Monga lamulo, mitengo ya obereketsa anyaniwa ndi zotsika mtengo kuposa malo ogulitsa ziweto, koma okwera mtengo kwambiri ngati mutatenga parrot m'manja mwanu ndi kulengeza. Kugula parrot m'manja mwanu, pamakhala chiopsezo chotenga parrot yopanda thanzi, kapena kulakwitsa kwa msinkhu kapena jenda. Kuchokera kwa obereketsa nthawi zonse mumakhala ndi zidziwitso zodalirika zamtsogolo.
Zogulitsanso zonse ndi zakutchire ndi zoweta. Nyama zakutchire ndizotsika mtengo. Mtengo wa wowononga parrot yemwe amatha kuyankhula amathanso kukhala okwera mtengo kwambiri.
Kufotokozera kwa Jaco
Phala la Jacquot kapena imvi ya ku Africa ndi ya banja lamoyo, yemwe ndi wonyoza. Mwini wake ndi wamkulu masentimita 30 mpaka 35. Mapiko m'mapiko a 65 cm., Kutalika kuchokera pa 22 cm. Mchira ndi 8 cm., Wokhala ndi mawonekedwe amakono. Mlomo ndi wakuda, wopindika. Kukula kokwanira komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wolimbana ndi zovuta. Mphuno zachikopa, sera ndi zingwe. Misonyoyo ndi yachikaso, maso a ana aang'ono ndiakuda, ndipo nthawi ikupeza mthunzi wowala. Diso loyera la ashen, lopanda chivundikiro. Mtundu wa phulusa, wokutidwa ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono.
Zowonjezerazo sizowonda ndipo zowoneka zikufanana ndi masikelo a njoka. Akazi ndi ocheperako kuposa amuna, mutu umakhala wolamulira, mulomo ndi wocheperako. Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa jenda. Zaka zakubadwa chaka chimodzi ndi theka sizingatheke kudziwa zowoneka.
Ali ndi luntha la mwana wazaka zinayi. Imatha kuthana ndi mavuto aukadaulo.
Kutha kutengera mawu a munthu. Imatha kudziwa bwino mawu okwanira 1,500, omasulira bwino, nthawi zonse amakambirana. Amakonda kusewera masewera osiyanasiyana ndi kutengapo gawo kwa amuna.
Moyo & Habitat
Mu malo achilengedwe, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhanira za Jaco zimapanga magulu ang'onoang'ono. M'zaka zana zapitazi, magulu amtambo a mbalame amawoneka ambiri. Koma kusintha kwa malo kwakhudza anthu.
Nthano yonena za kukhalapo kwa chilimwe imakhazikika pa kusungidwa kwa mbalame, pamene mbalamezi zimagwiritsa ntchito njira yolankhulirana ndi munthu popanda wachibale. Mwachilengedwe, Jacques adayamba kukhala ndi ubusa, ubale wapabanja.
Zidole zazikulu za Jaco zimapezeka ku Central ndi West Africa. Mbalame zimakopa malovu otentha. Pa akorona ataliatali amaika zisa kuti zizitha kufikako kwa zilombo ndi ozizira. Jaco imakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mitengo yamiyala, nkhalango zowirira pakamwa pa mtsinje.
M'mawa kwambiri, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimatuluka m'makomo kupita kokadya. Luntha Jaco amakulolani kuti muzisamalira banja lanu, za chitetezo cha chilengedwe chozunguliridwa ndi nyama zodyedwa zokhala ndi zilombo. Jaco kanjedza ndi owopsa makamaka kwa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe.
Jacot amadziwika ndi kusamala komanso chinsinsi. Pamapeto pa tsikulo, dzuwa litalowa, mbalame zimabweranso usiku. Makamu akulu amasonkhana panthambi. Paroti amatha kukwera mitengo ikuluikulu, pogwiritsa ntchito mulomo ngati mwendo wachitatu kuti athandizike. Iwo samatsikira pansi. Chofunikira kwambiri cha mbalame ndi malo okhala ndi mpweya, nduwira za korona zamitengo. Agility, mphamvu, malingaliro achilengedwe amakhala ngati okhala ku savannah aku Africa.
Akapolo, mbalame zimasinthasintha mwachangu. Parrots amawerengera anthu oyandikana nawo, amaphunzira bwino luso la kulankhulana Mwiniwake atapereka chiweto chokwanira, ndiye kuti moyo wa Jaco udzakhala ndi zochitika zowoneka bwino. Kusungulumwa komanso kukhalapo mosakhalitsa sizowopsa kwa mbalamezo.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Zakudya za Jaco zimakhala ndi zakudya zam'mera, kuphatikizapo zakudya zambiri, zipatso zam'mera, njere, ndi mbewu monga chimanga. Minda ya zipatso, minda ya nthochi imakopa gulu la mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe. Kufunika kwamadzi ndi kochepa ngati pali zakudya ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri zazakudya.
Muukapolo, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kudya kwathunthu, kuti chiweto chizikhala chathanzi komanso chosangalala. Zakudya zamtundu wina sizofunikira, zatsopano, zakudya zapamwamba ndizoyenera:
- osakaniza mbewu
- masamba, zipatso (kupatula avocados),
- njere, mtedza (kupatula ma amondi),
- zipatso zamitengo yaying'ono, mitengo yazipatso.
Momwe mungadyetse jaco, eni ake amasankha chifukwa chotsatira zokhumba za zakudya zapamtunda. Zomwe zimakomera kwa iwo nthawi zambiri zimakhala chimanga, ma apricots, mtedza wa paini, mavwende, koma zimayenera kuperekedwa zochuluka.
Tirigu wowuma amalimbikitsidwa kuti asinthidwe ndi mbewu zophuka. Kuphatikiza chakudya, mavitamini ophatikizidwa amayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya, tchizi cha kanyumba chimayenera kuperekedwa kamodzi pa sabata. Madzi abwino ayenera kupezeka nkhuku zonse.
Zakudya zosavomerezeka kuchokera pagome la anthu, zomwe zimasokoneza jaco - pizza, tchipisi, masoseji, maswiti amatsogolera kumatenda ogaya.Chifukwa cha chidwi chachilengedwe, woweta atha kufunsa chakudya, koma mutha kusokoneza chidwi chake ndi machenjerero mwa kuyika chakudya cha mbalame pamtengo womwewo. Ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya, zomwe zimathandiza kukonza thanzi la chiweto.
Zimbudzi zanyumba
Chimodzi mwa mbalame zotchuka kwambiri m'nyumba zathu ndi mabwanawe, izi ndi ziweto zabwino zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso mawonekedwe. Amatha kukhala m'khola laling'ono ndipo nthawi zina amauluka mozungulira nyumba, ndipo kwa iwo izi zakwanira. Koma mtunduwu ulibe zazikulu. Chosangalatsa kwambiri pamtundu wa zimbudzi ndi gulu. Zakudya zamtundu wa Jaco ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka ya nkhuku zazikulu. Malinga ndi nthano, uyu ndiye mbalame yokondedwa kwambiri ya afara aku Aigupto, omwe adakhala kunyumba zawo zachifumu zaka zambiri. Koma sikuti Aigupto akale okha ndiwo ankakonda mbalame zoterezi, mfumu yachingerezi Henry the Eighth nawonso adalowa nawo. Ndipo tsopano m'nthawi yathu ino, phala yamtunduwu imakhala yotchuka kwambiri kwawo, pomwe parata ya Zhako kunyumba imamera bwino ndipo imamva bwino. Koma nthawi imodzimodzi, eni ake a mbalame zotere sayenera kuyiwala za kufunika kwa kudyetsa ndi kusamalira mbalame.
Zochitika m'moyo Jaco
Zakudya zamtundu wa Jaco ndi mbalame zazikulu. Makulu awo amatha kufikira masentimita makumi atatu ndi asanu, ndipo amatha kulemera kuposa magalamu mazana asanu ndi limodzi. Ziweto zabwino zoterezi zidabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku maiko aku Africa ndipo zidamera mizu. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwaz mbalame zochepa zomwe, kuwonjezera pakuwuluka, ndimakondabe kuyenda pansi. M'madera awo, monga ku Central Africa, mbalamezi zimasonkhana pagulu lalikulu ndipo zimakhala m'malo a nkhalango.
Jaco ndi wokonda wina ndipo amasankha yekha wokwatirana naye. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo, ndipo izi zimakhala chimodzi mwazovuta zazikulu pobereka mbalamezi mu ukapolo. Anapiye a paroti a Jacques amakhala ndi makolo awo kwa miyezi itatu. Pakukwapulidwa, chachikazi sichimadzuka ndipo sichichoka chisa, ndipo yamphongo imagwira ntchito yonse yofunikira m'chisa ndikupereka chakudya kwa wokondedwa wake.
Malangizo a parrot
Mbalamezi ndi zina mwanzeru kwambiri zamtundu wawo. Chifukwa chake, mulingo wa nzeru za Jaco mukayerekeza ndi munthu amatha kukhala pamlingo wa mwana pafupifupi zaka zitatu kapena zinayi. Chifukwa chake, ochita kafukufuku a mbalamezi amalimbikitsa kuti azisunga nyamayo m'chikwerere chokwanira ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi zimapatsanso mwayi kuuluka mozungulira nyumba yanu. Izi zimamupangitsa kuti aziphunzitsa minofu yake komanso kuti asakhale wokhumudwa.
Zowoneka bwino za parrot iyi ndikuti sangangotulutsa mawu omwe amva, komanso kubwereza kamvekedwe ka mbuye wawo akamatanthauzira mawuwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuza amati Jacques amatha kudziwa momwe angalankhulire, ndipo mawu awo amatha kunyamula katundu wina.
Kuphatikiza pazonse pamwambapa, phukusi la jaco limatha kuyimbanso nyimbo, makamaka zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamveka. Koma kuti nyamayi imve bwino ndikukula, imafunika kulumikizana ndi munthu. Ngati mumusamalira bwino komanso kukhala ndi nthawi yaulere, mbalameyi imatha kukhala nanu ndikukhala bwenzi labwino.
Jaco wamoyo
Anthu ambiri, asanayambe ziweto, amakonda kuchita ndi moyo wawo. Ndipo izi ndizolondola, chifukwa nthawi zambiri timakonda kwambiri zinthu zomwe sitingathe kuzilingalira moyo popanda iwo. Chifukwa chake, posankha mbalame monga jaco, muyenera kudzifunsa kuti nthawi yayitali bwanji ya mbalameyi.
Mosiyana ndi mbalame zina zambiri zapaulendo, kutalika kwa moyo wa zhako ndikutali. Pali nthawi zina pamene mbalame izi zidapulumuka zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri kapena makumi asanu ndi anayi. Ngakhale nthawi yayitali yoyembekeza moyo wa mbalame zotere ndi zaka makumi asanu.
Grey jaco
Parrot imvi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodabwitsa za mbalame yodabwitsayi. Samasiyana pakhungu lowala kwambiri, mosiyana ndi achibale awo ambiri, koma mawonekedwe awo ndi gawo labwino la malingaliro. Pakati pa mbalame, amatha kutchedwa wanzeru kwambiri. Mtundu wa mbalameyo umachokera ku imvi zakuda mpaka kuwala, pafupifupi koyera. Chinthu china chosiyanitsa ndi mtunduwu ndi mtundu wachikaso wa iris.
Kunja, zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri ndipo zimafikira masentimita makumi atatu kutalika. Ndipo nthawi zina makamaka anthu akuluakulu amatha kukhala mpaka 40cm. M'mawonekedwe, chachikazi chimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi chachimuna. Akazi amakhala ndi mphuno yozungulira, pomwe amphongo amatha kukhala ndi hump osiyana. Komanso, posankha mbalame, samalani ndi chidwi kuti wachichepere azikhala wopepuka, ndipo ndi zaka, kuchuluka kwa mbalame kumakhala kwakuda.
Parrot yofiira
The Jacquot Red-Tailed Parrot yatchulira nthenga za mchira. Zosefukira zonse za paroti zimakhala ndi mtundu wonyezimira. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi mchira. Mtundu wake umatha kusiyanasiyana ndi kufiira owala pang'ono kukhala woderako komanso woderapo.
Kuphatikiza apo, mtunduwu umakhala wopanda maula kutsogolo kwa mutu. Khosi la Jacquot wofiirira wofiirira lidzakhala lamdima, ndipo thupi lokhalokha lidzadetsedwa ndi mithunzi ingapo.
Koma sikuti ali amtundu okha omwe amasiyanitsa mbalamezi. Komanso, mtunduwo umatengera malo omwe mbalameyo imabadwira. Chifukwa chake, a Jaco obadwira ku Congo amakhala ndi maonekedwe akuda kwambiri ndi thupi lalikulupo. Pomwe a Jaco aku Nigeria azikhala ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri.
Nthawi ina kale, mbalamezi zimawonedwa ngati zosowa kwambiri ndipo zidabwera kumayiko aku Europe pamtengo wokwera kwambiri.
Zikuyenda bwanji Jaco
Parrot, monga mbalame zina zambiri, amakhala m'mgulu laling'ono. Kwenikweni, mbalamezi zimayesetsa kuyika zisa zawo kumtunda wamitengo. Izi zimawathandiza kudziteteza iwo ndi ana awo kwa adani. Khalidwe ili ndi njira yomveka yoteteza.
Mbalame zimayesetsa kukhazikika m'malo omwe mumapezeka chakudya ndi madzi okwanira. Zakudya zawo zimatha kukhala zosiyana kwambiri, koma zakudya zawo zambiri zimakhala ndi mafuta ndi mtedza. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa luntha, mbalamezi zimatha kuuluka mtunda wautali komwe kuli mbewu za chimanga.
Zomwe zimaswana mbalame za mtundu wa Jaco
Parrot ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yochepa ya zinyama zokhala ndi akazi okhaokha. Mbalameyi imasankha wokwatirana nayo moyo. Ngati a Zhakos akukhala m'gulu lalikulu, mwachilengedwe, amatha kumanga zisa m'magulu awiriawiri, momwe azikhalamo kwa zaka zambiri. Amathera nthawi yambiri kumanga nyumba zokongola komanso zapamwamba.
Awiriwo atapanga nyumba yolumikizana, mbalamezo zimayamba kuyikira mazira. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala pafupifupi mazira asanu mpaka asanu ndi limodzi pachaka chimodzi. Zimaswa kwa mwezi umodzi. Pambuyo pake, makolowo amasamalira ana awo kwa miyezi ingapo iwiri.
Popeza zonse zomwe zimapangidwa kuphatikiza mbalamezi, titha kunena kuti kuweta kunkhanza kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, ndipo kwa ena makamaka osavomerezeka ndizovuta. Banja liyenera kukhala nthawi yayitali ndikukhwimitsirana wina ndi mzake, ngakhale panali zina pomwe, ngakhale atakhala zaka zambiri, banja lopangidwa lopanga silinkafuna kukhala limodzi.
Jaco ndi mbalame yotengeka kwambiri komanso yanzeru. Mwakutero, chinthu choyamba chomwe mungafunikire mukagula ndi khungu lalikulu. Malo akulu amamuthandiza kukhala omasuka. Kuphatikiza apo, mumayenera kulola mbalameyo kuwuluka mchipinda chokulirapo kuposa momwe zimakhalira. Chochitika chotere cha Jaco chimapereka mwayi woti amve bwino mwakuthupi komanso mwamakhalidwe.
Mbalame ya jaco imakondanso kwambiri ndi eni ake, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale inkachita nsanje ndi anthu ena kapena nyama. Ndikofunikanso kulabadira kuti anthu atsopano akabwera mnyumba yanu simungasiye mbalame zokha. Kwa kanthawi muyenera kukhala phwando ndi mbalame yanu.
Parrot ya jaco, zomwe zomwe sizili zolondola, zimatha kudwala, makamaka m'maganizo. Njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yodziwira kuti mbalame imakhala yosasangalatsa ndiyo kuchita phokoso. Mwachilengedwe, gulu la mbalame zotchedwa zinkhanira zimapanga phokoso kuti kuthana ndi ngoziyo. Chifukwa chake, mbalame yanu ikapanga phokoso lambiri, siyabwino, ndipo ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba chosakhazikika.
Mwakuthupi, mbalame ya Jaco imakonda kwambiri kunenepa kwambiri. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kumupatsa mwayi kuti azilimbitsa thupi ndikuwunika zakudya zoyenera komanso zopatsa thanzi. Musamamwe mopanda ziweto zanu, chifukwa izi zitha kukhala vuto. Kuti phula wanu azitha kupeza zinthu zonse zofunika komanso nthawi yomweyo kuti akhale wathanzi, amafunika kudya zakudya monga tirigu, oats, chimanga, mapira, buckwheat, mpunga, osayiwala zamasamba.
Ngati mbalameyo ili ndi vuto linalake lamaganizidwe, imadzivulaza. Jaco akatopa, amatha kubudula nthenga zake. Chifukwa chake, mukachoka, nthawi zonse muzisiyira mtundu wina wa chidole ku chiweto chanu. Ikhoza kukhala mpira wosavuta kwambiri kapena wokondedwa pang'ono phukusi lokongola komanso lonyezimira.
Chizindikiro cha phala Jaco
Zapuse za Jaco zimabweretsa eni ake kukhala abwino komanso abwino. Anthu omwe adapeza mbalame yotere amatha nthawi yayitali nayo. Izi ndi mbalame zanzeru komanso zachikhalidwe. M'modzi mwa anzeru kwambiri ndi Alex (the Jacot parrot), yemwe zithunzi zake ndizofala kwambiri. Adakhala zaka pafupifupi makumi asanu. Koma pamoyo wake adabweretsa anthu ambiri okondweretsa, idali paroti wa a Jacot, kuwunika ndi kukambirana zomwe zimapitiliza ngakhale atamwalira. Kukula kwake kwakukondweretsa kudabwitsa asayansi ambiri.
Ngati mukufuna kudzipeza nokha mbalame, khalani okonzeka kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake yambiri. Parrot wokondwa wa Zhako, yemwe chithunzi chake mungachione mu nkhani yathu, ndi woyenera kwambiri kwa mwiniwake. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli okonzeka kupatula nthawi yokwanira kwa mbalameyo, imakhala bwenzi labwino kwa inu kwa zaka zambiri.
Mukamasankha mbalame, samalani ndi mawonekedwe ake, njira yabwino yodziwira ngati mbalamezo zikukuyenderani ndi kukhala nayo kwakanthawi musanapite nayo kunyumba. Chifukwa chake, mwana wamphepo (kunyumba) amadzimva bwino.
Chitetezo cha Jaco
Izi zimbudzi ndizodziwika kwambiri kuti zizisamalidwa m'nyumba, nthawi zambiri zimasungidwa m'matumba kuti zithe kutengera kuyankhula kwa anthu ndi mawu ena, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti Jaco agwidwe kuthengo ndikupititsidwa kunja kwalamulo ku mayiko ena mochulukirapo (malinga ndi kafukufuku). Izi zimapweteketsa kuchuluka kwa ziphalaphala komanso zimapangitsa kuti kubereka kwawo kubereke. Parrot waimvi waku Africa adaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa CITES, womwe umaletsa malonda azitsamba zolengedwa mwachilengedwe. Komabe, a Jaco (Psittacus errithacus) ali pa mndandanda wachiwiri wa CITES, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti mtunduwu umaloledwa kuti azichita malonda pakati pa mayiko ndi mkati mwa dziko linalake ndi chilolezo cha CITES.
Kunyumba, mbalame nthawi zambiri zimadzidula, zomwe zimatha kufananizidwa ndikudziwotcha mwa anthu. Mwa jacquot, izi zimachitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana: malo osavomerezeka ndikumangidwa, zakudya zamatenda (poohooters), komanso kuvutika kwamalingaliro komwe kumalandiridwa ndi anzeru awa pakati pa mbalame pakugwidwa, monga parrot wozolowera nyama zakuthengo amakakamizidwa kuti azikhala ndi anthu omwe amamuzunza. Malinga ndi veterinarians okhazikika pa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, kudzivula ndi matenda ovuta kwambiri a polyetiological omwe amachitika chifukwa cha kupuwala komanso mapulani a ziwalo zam'mimba.
Maganizo ndi Onomatopoeia
Jaco amadziwika kuti ndi akadaulo apamwamba kwambiri omwe amatha ma onomatopoeia. Pafupifupi, mbalame imatha kukumbukira mawu opitilira 1,500. Kafukufuku wowonjezereka ndi Jacquot wotchedwa Alex, wopangidwa ndi Ph.D. Irene Pepperberg, adawonetsa kuti mbalamezi zimatha kuphatikiza mawu achilankhulo cha anthu ndi zomwe zimatanthawuza, komanso zimatha kudziwa lingaliro la mawonekedwe, mtundu, nambala ya seri komanso lingaliro la zero.
Ambiri a zhakos amayamba kuphunzira kuyankhulana kuyambira ali ndi zaka 7 mpaka 9, a jakos okhala ndi bulauni amayamba kuphunzira pang'ono kale kuposa anzawo ofiira ofiira [ Who? ], ngakhale izi sizotsimikiziridwa 100%. Ma jacchi amtchire nthawi zambiri amapanga mawu osiyanasiyana - kuwomba mokweza, kufuula pang'ono, kufuula, kwezani pakamwa pawo mokweza, etc. Kunyumba, izi zitha kuwoneka zokhumudwitsa ambiri, koma iyi ndi gawo la chikhalidwe chawo ndipo omwe akufuna kupanga jacquard amayenera kupirira. Jaco nthawi zambiri amayang'ana kuti abwereze mawu omwe amapangidwa ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi - telefoni, intercom kapena alarm alarm. Nthawi zambiri amabwereza mawu a mbalame zakutchire zomwe zimakhala mumsewu. Dzanja Jaco ikhoza kutsata psychology ya mwini - ndiko kuti, machitidwe ake, monga chisangalalo, chisamaliro komanso kusakwiya.
Kuberekanso zachilengedwe ndi ukapolo
Zingwe zimakonzedwa m'maenje a mitengo. Mu nthawi yakudyayi, yamphongo imavina mating'i. Pang'onopang'ono imagwetsera maula ake, ndikugwetsa mapiko ake ndikuvina wamkazi. Nthawi yomweyo, zimamveka zofanana ndi ana agalu akumiza kapena kukukuta. Yaikazi imamvekanso chimodzimodzi ndikutenga mwana wa nkhuku yopempha chakudya. Yaimuna imamudyetsa kapena kutsata kudyetsa. Amuna ndi akazi motero amakhala kangapo patsiku. Kuvina kwaukwati kumatenga pafupifupi mphindi 5 mpaka 10. Pakapita kanthawi, mkaziyo amayamba kuyikira mazira. Mu clutch 3-4 mazira oyera. M'masiku 8-12, mkaziyo amaliza kuyala. Kuswa kumatenga masiku makumi atatu, atatha kulumikizana ndi anapiye, mkazi m'masiku oyamba sasiya chisa, ndipo wamphongo amadya ndikumuteteza. Pazaka zopitilira miyezi iwiri, anapiyewo amatuluka chisa, koma kwakanthawi amafuna thandizo la makolo awo. M'mayiko a Azungu, Jaco amangosungidwa mosavuta mu ukapolo (kuphatikizira mothandizidwa ndi makulitsidwe), kotero kufunikira kwa mbalame zosavomerezeka kumeneko ndizochepa. Ku Russia, zinthu zafika poipa kwambiri - chifukwa chosowa kwenikweni kwa obereketsa aluso, kusowa kwa chidziwitso pakati pa anthu komanso mtengo wotsika kwambiri kuderali, kufunikira kwa malo amtchire ndi kwakukulu.
Gulu
Malowowa akuphatikiza ma subspecies awiri.
- Jako-yofiira Psittacus erithacus erithacus Linnaeus, 1758 - kutalika kwa masentimita 35. Zowonjezereka zambiri ndi imvi yopepuka, nthenga za mchira zimakhala zofiira kwambiri, mlomo wakuda. Iris ndi imvi yopepuka. Amakhala ku Tanzania ndi Angola.
- Brown-tailed jaco Psittacus erithacus timneh Fraser, 1844 - kutalika kwa masentimita 29. Zowoneka ndi imvi zakuda, nthenga za mchira zimakhala zofiirira, milomo yaminyanga ya njovu, mwa anthu ena okhala ndi tinge yofiyira. Amakhala m'mphepete mwa Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone.
Kutengera ndi gulu, mitundu ya red-tao jaco ikhoza kuphatikiza ma subspecies:
- Mwana wamkazi wa ghana Psittacus erithacus princeps Alexander, 1909 - zokulirapo komanso lakuda. Amakhala kuzilumba za Principe ndi Fernando Po ku Gulf of Guinea.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Zhkao Parrot
Grey Parrot kapena Jaco (Psittacus) ndi mtundu wa parrot waku Africa mu subfamily Psittacinae. Muli mitundu iwiri: parrot yofiira-tailed (P. erithacus) ndi parrot-tailed parrot (P. timneh).
Chosangalatsa: Kwa zaka zambiri, mitundu iwiri ya Jaco parrot adalembedwa monga mitundu yamtundu womwewo. Komabe, mu 2012, birdLife International idazindikira kuti mtundu wa taxa ndi mitundu yosiyana kutengera mitundu, kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe ndi mawu m'bungwe lapadziko lonse lapansi kuti liziteteza mbalame ndi malo okhala.
Zakudya zamtundu wa Jacot zimapezeka m'nkhalango zoyambirira komanso zam'madzi zotentha za West ndi Central Africa. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zanzeru kwambiri padziko lapansi. Kukonda kutengera kalankhulidwe ndi mawu ena kunapangitsa kuti Jacques akhale ziweto. Phala ya Jaco ndiyofunika kwa anthu aku Africa a ku Yoruba. Nthenga zake ndi mchira wake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masks omwe amavala nthawi ya holide yachipembedzo komanso chikhalidwe ku Geleda.
Kanema: Jaco Parrot
Kutchulidwa koyamba kolengedwa kwa Africa kochokera kwa a Jacquot ndi azungu kunachitika mu 1402, pamene France idalowa ku Canary Islands, komwe mitunduyi idachokera ku Africa.Mgwirizano wamalonda ku Portugal ndi West Africa utakula, mbalame zochulukirapo zidagwidwa ndikuisungidwa ngati ziweto. Zithunzi za groti waimvi zimapezeka mu zojambula za Peter Rubens mu 1629/30, Ian Davids de Jim mu 1640-50 ndi Ian Steen 1663-65.
Kusintha
Pali kusintha kwamtundu wautoto mu Jaco:
- albino (kusowa kwa nkhumba)
- lutinos (chikasu chachikasu)
- imvi (pali penti wapinki kumapeto kwa nthenga)
- ndi nthenga zoyera zautoto
- ndi utoto woyera wa nthenga zonse
- ndi utoto wowala wa nthenga zonse
Mbalame zokhala ndi masinthidwe oterewa ndizosowa kwambiri.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Kulankhula Jaco Parrot
Pali mitundu iwiri:
- Jacquot red-tailed parrot (P. erithacus): Ichi ndi mitundu yotchuka, yayikulu kuposa parrot yokhala ndi bulauni, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 33. Mbalameyo imakhala ndi nthenga zopepuka zakumaso, mulomo wakuda kwathunthu ndi mchira wofiirira. Mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala ndi michira yamdima yakuda kumapeto kwake mpaka molter woyamba, yemwe amapezeka wazaka 18 zakubadwa. Mbalizi zimakhalanso ndi imvi iris, yomwe imasintha mtundu kukhala wachikasu nthawi mbalame ikafika chaka chimodzi,
- Parrot ya jaco (P. timneh) ndiyochepa pang'ono poyerekeza ndi phula wofiyira, koma malingaliro ndi luso la kulankhula lingafanane. Amatha kukhala osiyana ndi 22 mpaka 28 cm mulitali ndipo amawonedwa ngati mbalame zazikulu. Mchira wofiirira umakhala ndi mtundu wamtambo wamaso amdima, mchira wakuda bii ndi malo owala ngati nyanga mpaka mbali ya nsagwada yapamwamba. Ndizopanda malire.
Jacques-wonyozeka wa brown nthawi zambiri amayamba kuphunzira kuyankhulira kale kuposa ma Red-taised Jacques, popeza nthawi yomwe ikukula imathamanga. Izi zimbudzi zili ndi mbiri yokhala wopanda mantha komanso wogwidwa, mosiyana ndi Mchira Wofiyira.
Jacques amatha kuphunzira kulankhula chaka choyamba, koma ambiri samatchula mawu awo oyamba mpaka miyezi 12-18. Ma subspecies onsewa akuwoneka kuti ali ndi kuthekera komanso chizolowezi chatsopano cha kulankhula, koma luso la kutulutsa mawu komanso chidwi chake zimatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa mbalame. Zapuse za ma gray nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yapadera yodandaulira. Parrot wodziwika bwino ku Jaco ndi a Nkisi, omwe mawu ake anali oposa 950, ndipo adadziwikanso chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito chinenerochi.
Zowoneka Zosangalatsa: Akatswiri ena a akatswiri a zamankhwala amazindikira mtundu wachitatu ndi wachinayi, koma sangathe kusiyanasiyana pakufufuza kwa sayansi ya DNA.
Kodi parrot ya jaco imakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Jaco parrot
Malo okhala zimbudzi za ku Africa zotuwa amakongoletsa nkhalango za ku Central ndi West Africa, kuphatikizapo zilumba zam'nyanja za Principe ndi Bioko (Gulf of Guinea), komwe amakhala kumapiri amtunda pamalo okwera mpaka 1900 m. Ku West Africa, amapezeka kumayiko a m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Malo okhala a Jaco akuphatikiza ndi mayiko otsatirawa:
Mapulogalamu awiri odziwika bwino a mbalame zotuwa za ku Africa amakhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana okhala. Psittacus Erithacus erithicus (wofiyira-Red-tao Jaco) amakhala pamtunda kuchokera ku Kenya kupita kumalire akum'mawa kwa Ivory Coast, kuphatikizanso anthu azilumba. Psittacus Erithacus Timneh (Brown Tailed Jacquot) akuchokera kumalire a kum'mawa kwa Côte d'Ivoire mpaka ku Guinea-Bissau.
Malo okhala zimbudzi za ku Africa za Jaco ndi nkhalango zachinyontho, ngakhale zimapezekanso pamalo okwera mpaka 2200 m kum'mawa kwa mzere. Nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa kumapeto kwa nkhalangoyi, m'mapiri, m'nkhalango za mitengo, mitengo yamangati, malo obzala mitengo, m'malo olimidwa ndi minda.
Nthawi zambiri mbalame za Zhako zimakonda kuyendera malo okhala pafupi ndi nkhalango, zimakhala pamitengo yomwe ili pamadzipo ndipo zimakonda kugona usikuwo kuzilumba za mitsinje. Amakhala m'malo obisika amitengo, nthawi zina amasankha malo osiyidwa ndi mbalame. Ku West Africa, mtunduwu umapanga kuyenda kwa nyengo munyengo yamvula.
Kodi parrot amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Red-Book Jaco Parrot
Zosefukira zaimvi za ku Africa ndi herbivores. Kutchire, amaphunzira luso losiyanasiyana. Jaco amaphunzira kusiyanitsa mbewu zazakudya ndi zapoizoni, momwe angapezere madzi abwino ndi momwe angalumikizanenso ndi mabanja awo akapatukana. Amadya zipatso zosiyanasiyana, amakonda kanjedza yamafuta (Elaeis guinensis).
Kuthengo, jaco amatha kudya zakudya zotsatirazi:
Madera odyetsa, monga lamulo, amachotsedwa pamtunda wotalikirapo ndipo amapezeka kumapiri okwera. Nthawi zambiri mbalame zimawomba minda ndi chimanga chosasinthika, zomwe zimayambitsa mkwiyo pakati pa eni mundawo. Zimawuluka kuchoka pamtengo kupita kumtengo, kuyesa kupeza zipatso ndi mtedza wambiri. Jacques amakonda kukwera nthambi osati kuuluka.
Chosangalatsa: Potengedwa ukapolo, mbalame imatha kudya zipatso za mbalame, zipatso zosiyanasiyana monga peyala, lalanje, makangaza, apulo ndi nthochi, ndi masamba monga kaloti, mbatata zotsekemera, udzu winawake, nkhaka, kabichi watsopano, nandolo ndi nyemba zobiriwira. Kuphatikiza apo, Jaco amafunika gwero la calcium.
Zaphukusi za Zhako zimadyetsa pang'ono, motero pali maluso angapo omwe mbalame zimachita asanabzala komanso kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya mosamala. Magulu a mbalame zotchedwa zinkhanira amasonkhana pamtengo wosabereka mpaka atadzaza kwathunthu ndi mazana a mbalame zomwe zimatsuka nthenga zawo, zimakwera nthambi, zimapanga mawu ndikulankhulana. Kenako mbalamezo zimatsikira pansi ndi mafunde. Gulu lonse silimatha padziko lapansi nthawi imodzi. Kamodzi pansi, amakhala tcheru kwambiri, kutengera kayendedwe kalikonse kapena mawu.
Tsopano mukudziwa chomwe phula amadya, tiyeni tiwone momwe zimakhalira chilengedwe.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Jacques zoweta zapakhomo
Ma parrots a ku Africa kuno amakhala amanyazi kwambiri ndipo samalola kuti anthu aziwayandikira. Ndi mbalame zochezeka komanso chisa m'magulu akulu. Nthawi zambiri amawonedwa pagulu akulira mofuula m'mawa, madzulo ndikuwuluka. Ziweto zimangokhala ndi mbalame zotchedwa grrots, zosiyana ndi mitundu ina yamphaka yomwe imapezeka m'gulu la nyama zosakanizidwa. Masana, amadzidula m'magulu ang'onoang'ono ndikuwuluka mtunda wautali kuti akapeze chakudya.
Jacques amakhala pamitengo pamadzi ndipo amakonda kugona usikuwo kuzilumba za mitsinje. Mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala m'magulu awo a mabanja kwa nthawi yayitali, mpaka zaka zingapo. Amayankhulana ndi anthu amsinkhu wawo m'mitengo ya ana, koma amatsatira gulu la mabanja awo. Mbawala zazing'ono zimasamalidwa ndi mbalame zachikulire, mpaka atakhala ophunzira komanso okulirapo kuti athe kuyamba kudzilimira.
Chosangalatsa: Zakos zazing'ono zimawonetsa ulemu kwa akulu okalamba. Amaphunzira momwe angakhalire m'malo osiyanasiyana, monga mpikisano komanso kuteteza malo omwe akumanga chisa ndi kulera ana. Mpikisano wa zisa nthawi yakukhwima imapangitsa kuti mitunduyi ikhale yolimba kwambiri.
Mbalame zimagona kumadzulo ndipo ngakhale mumdima. Amatha kuthyola mayendedwe awo kudutsa njira zomwe atayika, kuwuluka mwachangu komanso mwachindunji, nthawi zambiri kuwomba mapiko awo. M'mbuyomu, gulu la ziweto linali lalikulu, nthawi zambiri limakwana zikwanira 10,000. M'mawa kwambiri, dzuwa lisanatuluke, magulu ang'onoang'ono amachoka kumalo ogona ndikukalira mofuula ndikupita kukadyetsa.
Mitundu ya Jaco Parrot
Pali zosiyana zakunja pakati pa mitundu ya Jaco. Komanso, zonse ndi zomwe mumakonda. Mitundu itatu imadziwika lero:
- Jacquot wa Brown - Wokhala ndi utoto wakuda wamapula, mulomo wamkaka kapena minyanga ya njovu. Ndi yaying'ono poyerekeza ndi anzawo. Mwini wa sing'anga wamkulu amakula mpaka 30 cm.
- Jaco-wofiyira - zowonjezera zamtundu wamtambo wopepuka wokhala ndi nthenga zofiira pamchira. Mlomo ndi wakuda. Ku Africa, tinkakhulupirira kuti mtundu wamtunduwu ndi mwayi ndi mbalame zotchedwa nthenga zomwe zimagwira ngati zokongoletsera. Kutalika kwa thupi la phula wamkulu sikupitirira 37 cm.
- Royal Jaco kapena Jaco wa Mfumukazi ya ku Ghana ndi mtundu wodabwitsa, wokongola wazinthu zambiri, pakati pa imvi zazikulu zakuda pamakhala zachinyengo. Parrot iyi imawoneka yoyambirira komanso yapamwamba. Mtunduwu ndiwkulu kwambiri pakati pa abale am'banja. Maumboni oyamba adapezeka mu 1909.
Milandu yakukula kwa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe mu malo owonekera zalembedwa, momwe mulibe pigment kapena nthawi yomweyo iwo ali ndi mhunzi yachikasu kapena yapinki ya nthenga.
Palinso nthawi zina pomwe makolo a Jacquot omwe anali ovala zofiirira amakhala ndi anapiye amtundu wina. Zomwe zidapangitsa kusinthaku - asayansi sangayankhe funso lomwe adapatsidwa, mutuwu ukadadziwika.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Jaco Parrot
Zosefukira ku Africa kuno ndi mbalame zochezeka kwambiri. Kubalana kumachitika m'malo aulere, aliyense amakhala mumtengo wake. Anthu amasankhidwa mosamala okwatirana ndipo amakhala ndi chiyanjano cha moyo wonse womwe umayamba nthawi yakutha msinkhu, kuyambira wazaka zitatu mpaka zisanu. Pazochepa sizikudziwika za chibwenzi, koma ndege zowunika zakhala zikuwoneka ndikujambulitsa.
Chosangalatsa: Amuna amadyetsa anzawo (amayi akudyetsa) ndipo onsewa amatulutsa mawu osamveka bwino. Pa nthawi iyi, yaikazi idzagona mchisa, ndipo yamphongo imamuyang'anira. Potengedwa, amuna amadyetsa akazi pambuyo pochulukitsa, ndipo amuna ndi akazi onse amatenga nawo gawovinavina, momwe amatsitsa mapiko awo.
Nthawi yoswana imasiyanasiyana kutengera dera, koma zikuwoneka kuti zikugwirizana ndi nyengo yachilimwe. Zimbudzi zaimvi za ku Africa zimabereka kamodzi kapena kawiri pachaka. Akazi amayikira mazira atatu kapena asanu ozunguliridwa, amodzi pakadutsa masiku awiri kapena asanu. Zachikazi zimamatira mazira, ndipo zimadyetsedwa mokwanira ndi chakudya chomwe chimabwera ndi chachimuna. Makulitsidwe amatenga pafupifupi masiku makumi atatu. Nthochi zimatuluka mchisa pakatha milungu iwiri.
Anapiye achinyamatawa atachoka pachisa, makolo onse awiri amapitilabe kudyetsa, kulera ndi kuwateteza. Amasamalira ana awo kwa zaka zingapo mpaka atakhala odziyimira pawokha. Chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo ndi zaka 40 mpaka 50. Ali mu ukapolo, mbalame zotuwa za ku Africa zimakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka 45, koma zimakhala zaka 60. Kuthengo - zaka 22.7.
Adani achilengedwe a Jaco parrots
Chithunzi: Jaco Parrot
Mwachilengedwe, ma parroti a imvi ali ndi adani ochepa. Zowonongeka zazikulu zomwe amalandila kwa munthu. M'mbuyomu, mafuko am'deralo ankapha mbalame pofuna kudya. Nzika za Kumadzulo kwa Africa zidakhulupirira zamatsenga a nthenga zofiira, motero Jaco adawonongedwa chifukwa cha nthenga. Mtsogolomo, mbalame zotchedwa zinzake zimayamba kugwidwa kuti zigulitsidwe. Jaco ndi mbalame zobisika, osamala, motero nkovuta kugwira munthu wamkulu. Aaborijini mofunitsitsa adabera ana omwewo mu ukonde kuti apeze ndalama.
Chiwombankhanga kapena chomera (Gypohierax angolensis) chimadziwika kuti ndi mdani wa Jaco. Zakudya za nyama yomwe amadana ndi nyama imeneyi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zipatso za kanjedza za mafuta. Mwina nkhanza za chiwombankhanga mokhudzana ndi zhako ndizofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha chakudya. Munthu amatha kuwona momwe zimvi zotuwa zimayendera mosiyanasiyana mbali zina, zikagwidwa ndi chiwombankhanga. Izi mwina zinali chitetezo chamalo a chakudya ndi chiwombankhanga.
Zoyambitsa zachilengedwe zamtunduwu ndi monga:
Mbalame zachikulire zimaphunzitsanso ana awo momwe angatetezere gawo, momwe angadziwire komanso kupewa nyama zomwe zimadyedwa. Kudya pamtunda, mbalame zotuwa za ku Africa zimakhala pachiwopsezo chomenya nyama zapadziko lapansi. Nyani amasaka mazira ndi anapiye ang'ono mu chisa. Mitundu ingapo ya akambuku imadyanso anapiye ndi akulu. Zidapezeka kuti zimbudzi za imvi zomwe zili mu ukapolo zimatha kutenga matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi, mabakiteriya, zotupa zoyipa, matenda a mulomo ndi nthenga, zimatha kutenga kachilomboka ndi mphutsi.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Jaco Parrot
Kupenda kwaposachedwa kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu a Jaco kudavumbulutsa nkhawa za mbalame ija kuthengo. Mpaka 21% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi amagwidwa chaka chilichonse. Tsoka ilo, palibe lamulo loletsa kugwidwa ndi kugulitsidwa kwa mbalamezi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwononga malo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso kusaka kwa anthu am'deralo kumasonkhezera kuchuluka kwa mbalamezi. Msampha wa mbalame zakuthengo ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chakuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha mbalame zotuwa za ku Africa.
Chosangalatsa: Ziwerengero za kuchuluka kwa zilombo za Jaco koyambilira kwa zaka za zana la 21 zafika pa 13 miliyoni, ngakhale kuwunika molondola sikunali kotheka chifukwa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhalwe zimakhala m'malo okhala okha, ndale zambiri.
Mitundu ya Jaco ili pachilumbachi ku nkhalango zoyambirira komanso zam'mbuyomu za West ndi Central Africa. Izi zimadalira mitengo yayitali, yakale yomwe ili ndi mayenje achilengedwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Jaco pakupanga nesting. Kafukufuku ku Guinea ndi Guinea-Bissau awonetsa kuti ubale wamtunduwu wamtunduwu ndi mkhalidwe wa nkhalango yoyamba ndiyofanana, komwe nkhalango zimachepetsedwa, zomwezi zimachitikanso ndi kuchuluka kwa mbalame zotuwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, Jaco ndi amodzi mwa mbalame zomwe zimagulitsa kwambiri zomwe zalembedwa ku CITES. Potengera kuchepa pansi, kuchuluka kwa anthu ogwira nawo ntchito, komanso kusakhazikika komanso malonda osaloledwa, CITES idaphatikizanso Gray Parrot mu gawo VI la CITES 2004 Essential Trade Survey. Kuwunikaku kunapangitsa kuti mayiko ena osiyanasiyana azigwira ntchito zofunikira poyerekeza ndi chisankho chofuna kukhazikitsa mapulani.
Alonda a parrot a Jaco
Chithunzi: Red-Book Jaco Parrot
Kafukufuku wa 2003 wa United Nations Environment Program adawona kuti pakati pa 1982 ndi 2001, paroti wa 660,000 adagulitsidwa pamsika wapadziko lonse. Kuchulukana kwawonetsa kuti mbalame zopitilira 300,000 zinafa pogwidwa kapena kunyamulidwa.
Kutumiza kwa zifanizidwe zolusa ku United States kunali koletsedwa mu 1992 pansi pa lamulo la Conservation Conservation Act. European Union inaletsa kutumizidwa kwa mbalame zogwidwa kuthengo mu 2007. Komabe, panali misika yofunika kwambiri yamalonda ku Africa Jaco ku Middle East, East Asia, ndi ku Africa komwe.
Chosangalatsa: Parrot yaimvi imalembedwa mu Appendix II ku Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Ndipo pakufunika kuti kutumizirana kumayendera limodzi ndi chilolezo chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi boma ndipo zikuti zonse zomwe zimagulitsidwazo sizoyipa kwa mitundu yakuthengo.
Jaco parrot osowa kuposa momwe m'maganizira kale. Idasunthidwa kuchokera pamndandanda wazinthu zochepa zowopsa kuti ziwonongedwe, kupita ku mndandanda womwe uli pachiwopsezo cha Mndandanda Wofiira wa IUCN wa 2007. Kafukufuku waposachedwa akuonetsa kuti mpaka 21% ya mbalamezi zimatengedwa kuthengo, makamaka kuti azigulitsa nyama zapakhomo. Mu 2012, International Union for Conservation of Nature inapititsa patsogolo mkhalidwe wa Jaco pamlingo wa nyama zosatetezeka.
Habitat ndi moyo
Ma Jacque achilengedwe amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono kapena m'magulu. Amayesa kukhazikika ndikupanga zisa pamitengo italiitali m'nkhalango yowirira, yomwe imakhala m'malo ambiri. Zomwe amadziteteza kuzitama ndi kuzitcha. Kutacha, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhanira zimapita kukafunafuna chakudya, ndipo madzulo zimabwereranso ku korona za mitengo usiku. Amadyetsa njere, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mbewu monga chimanga. Nthawi zina, minda ya nthochi ndi minda yolimidwa imavulazidwa.
Jacoot Parrot Habitat Central ndi West Africa.
- Parrot wamkulu wa imvi amakonda kukhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja - Guinea, Congo, Tanzania, amayesera kukhazikika m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa mitsinje,
- Parrot waufumu uja adakhazikika pakati penipeni pazilumba ndi zilumba za Gulf of Guinea.
- Mitundu yofiira-taira yasankha madera otentha; imakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi ndipo imakhala kumpoto kwa equator komanso kumwera - kumpoto kwa Angola ndi madera akumwera kwa Congo ndi Tanzania.
Oberera amawona kuti Jaco ndi mbalame yabwino kwambiri. Kuti Jaco azikhala panyumba, muyenera kukhala osamala. Mmodzi ayenera kukhala wokonzeka kulandira Jaco ndi mawonekedwe ena.Parrot ili ndi mawu okweza, amaimba likhweru, kudina mulomo wake, kung'ung'udza ndikupanga mawu amitundu yonse. Kwambiri ndi chidwi komanso chidwi. Pakati pa achibale, amasankha chiweto. Mwanjira zonse zotheka, kuyesa kumusamalira. Takonzeka kutsatira kulikonse wosankhidwa, kuyesera kutenga nawo mbali pazinthu zonse. Nthawi zina ngakhale ndi mwini wake amaikidwa pampando kapena pa sofa kuti awonere TV. Zimafunikira chisamaliro chochuluka ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi zimatha kuwonetsa nsanje.
Kukonzekera kwa khungu
Parrot wa Jacquot ndi wopanda ulemu, koma ayenera kukumbukira kuti mbalame ndi yayikulu. Khola kapena mbalame yomwe mbalame izisungidwa izikhala yayikulupo. Mbalameyi imagwira ntchito, ikuyenda mwamphamvu, imakonda kusewera, kotero kuti malo sangasokoneze kuyenda kwa Jaco. Mipiringidzo yamakoma ndizitsulo zokha. Kudzimbidwa komwe kumakhala kovuta kutsegula kudzakhala mbalame. Chimbudzi cha phula cha Jacquot chimayenera kukhala chopezeka bwino komanso chokhazikika. Ikani akumwa, angapo odyetsa azakudya ndi zina zowonjezera mchere. Onjezani zowonjezera, khazikitsani masitepe, mitengo, matayala, kalirole waching'ono. Ikani zoseweretsa zosiyanasiyana za Jaco kuti mukasakhalako, chiwetocho chisasungidwe komanso kusangalala ndi zoseweretsa.
Tsiku lililonse, mumulore kuti atuluke mu khola kuti athe kuuluka momasuka munyumba ndipo nthawi zambiri amakumana nanu. Kuwala kwam'nyumba kumabalalika. Amafunikira maola opitilira maola 10 kuti agone ndikuchira. Ngati kuli kotheka, chititsani khungu kuti likhale m'thumba.
Zakudya
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana komanso zoyenera. Parrot ya Jacquot ndi yosasamala kwenikweni kwa chakudya ndipo sikufuna chakudya chokoma ndi chosowa. Zokonzekera kudya:
- Masamba ndi zipatso,
- Nthambi zazing'ono za mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba,
- Mtedza wosiyanasiyana, koma ma amondi amatsutsana,
- Mbewu zosakaniza bwino ndi tirigu,
- Zowonjezera Zophatikiza ndi Mavitamini,
- Zakudya zonse ziyenera kukhala zatsopano komanso zapamwamba.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo
Jaco ndimakonda kusewera m'madzi ena, kutsuka nthenga. Izi zimamupatsa chisangalalo chachikulu. Mutha kusambira kawiri pa sabata. Pakusambira, mutha kusamba kapena chidebe chilichonse ndi madzi ena. Pampu ndi pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kusamba, koma nthawi zonse madzi amangokhala otentha.
Chimbudzi cha paroti cha Jaco chikuyenera kutsukidwa chifukwa chimadetsedwa, koma kamodzi pa sabata. Chakudya choyera tsiku lililonse. Sinthani madzi tsiku lililonse. Pukutani ndi muzitsuka.
Matenda ndi kupewa kwawo
Zaphukusi zamtundu, monga nyama zonse, zimatengedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Zowopsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa:
- Mikhalidwe yosayera mu cell chifukwa chomwe mabakiteriya amakula. Madzi osasunthika ndi chakudya chamafuta chimabweretsa matenda osiyanasiyana,
- Zakudya zoyipa komanso zopanda chakudya, kusowa kwa mavitamini ndi michere,
- Matenda a m'maganizo kapena akuthupi chifukwa chosowa chidwi.
Matenda amagawidwa m'mitundu itatu:
- Zosagwirizana - kunenepa kwambiri, poizoni, kutulutsa nthenga,
- Matenda - chifuwa chachikulu, chosachiritsika, paratyphoid, aspergillosis,
- Parasitic - helminthiasis kapena pukoopoedy.
Matenda omwe adawonetsedwa ndikuwoneka, nthawi yake komanso chithandizo chithandizira kuchira.
Zoyambitsa kufa
Nthawi zambiri mbalame imafa pambuyo pa mitundu yapamwamba ya matendawa kapena kuvulala. Itha kudzivulaza yokha pazinthu zamkati, igunda galasi la zenera kapena kudwala kwamagetsi. Osamusiira paroti wouluka momasuka yekha kunyumba.
Zofunika! Mbalame ya Jaco imavutika popanda kusamala, zomwe zimakhudza thanzi lakuthupi komanso wamaganizidwe a chiweto.
Yang'anirani machitidwe a parrot, ngati matenda akudwala komanso momwe zinthu zimasinthira nthawi yomweyo, chidwi chake chimatha, kufooka komanso kuzimiririka. Izi zikuyenera kukhala alarm.
Kubereka Jaco
Parrot imvi imawonedwa ngati chikondi chimodzi, maukwati adapangidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuthengo, kuswana kumachitika nthawi yamvula. Amuna amayamba kusamalira akazi omwe amawakonda, kuvina magule, kuwadyetsa. Pambuyo pamiyambo yonse, omwe ali pabanjapo amadzipatula pagululo ndikupanga zisa m'makomo. Yaikazi imayikira mazira atatu mpaka anayi. Imagwira inchi pafupifupi mwezi umodzi. Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa ana, nthawi yoyamba imatsalira pachisa, ndipo yamphongo imapereka chakudya ndikuchita monga choteteza. Pakatha miyezi iwiri kapena kupitilira apo, anawo amasiya zisa za makolo awo, koma anapiye a Jaco amakhalabe m'manja mwa makolo awo kwakanthawi.
Kunyumba, kubereka kumakhala kovuta. Nesting kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Meyi. Maanja amatha kukhala moyo wawo wonse limodzi, koma alibe ana. Njirayi imafuna kuti azimvera anzawo azimvetsetsana. Ngati awiriwo adakhalapo limodzi, ndiye kuti ndi mwayi. Izi zimayamba kudziwikirana ndi chibwenzi. Muyenera kuyika chisa ndikuyesera kuti chisasokoneze nthawi yino.
Kugula - maupangiri ndi zidule
Muyenera kugula phula wa Jaco mu malo odyera mwapadera kapena kwa obereka odziwa. Mbalameyo izikhala yoyimbidwa. Mphete imakhala ndi zidziwitso zakubadwa, malo omwe mbalame ndi nazale. Kupezeka kwa zikalata zonse zoyenera. Anapiye oterewa amakhala otupa kale, sakhala ndi nkhawa akamasintha moyo wawo.
Zofunika! M'dziko lathu muli oswana ndi oweta ochepa, chifukwa chake mtengo wake ndi wokwera. Komanso, mtengo wake umatengera zaka za mwana wankhuku, mtundu wake, komwe adachokera, komwe adabadwira komanso maluso oyankhula.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugula mwana wankhuku, yofananira ndi zochitika zapakhomo ndikuphunzitsidwa.
Ngati mukuganiza zogula paroti ya Jaco, ndiye kuti muyenera kutsatira malangizowo:
- Osagula kwa ogulitsa onyenga; nkhuku zimatha kumizidwa. Nthawi zina zimakhala zosavuta kuteteza mwana wankhuku ndipo mwina amatenga matenda osiyanasiyana,
- Sizoletsedwa kudyetsa parrot patebulo,
- Osatopa, Jaco amakonda kunenepa kwambiri,
- Pophunzitsa mbalame, muziganizira momwe zakhalira, musamachulukitse,
- Nthawi zonse perekani ntchito zatsopano ndi masewera, mutenge nawo mbali,
- Pakusintha kachitidwe, yesani kudziwa zifukwa zake, njira zomwe zikuchitika panthawi yake zikuthandizani kupewa mavuto ndi zotsatira zake,
- Pogula, lingalirani zachilengedwe zovuta komanso makamaka mawu okweza, koma oweta amatsimikizira kuti popanga zinthu zabwino, izi sizibweretsa vuto,
- M'sonyezeni kukoma mtima, chikondi ndi parrot angabwezeretse,
- Parrot akuyerekeza ndi mwana wocheperako yemwe amafunikira kumvetsera mwachidwi kwambiri ndikukhala wokoma mtima kwa iye, kumutamanda ndi kukulitsa maluso,
- Mkhalidwe wosasamala komanso wosayanjana ndi parrot sikuvomerezeka.
Siyani ndemanga zanu ndikugawana nkhaniyo pama tsamba ochezera, itha kukhala yothandiza kwa obereketsa anzeru zamtsogolo kwambiri.