Nsomba zazing'ono
Dongosolo, banja: hartsinovye.
Kutentha kwamadzi: 22-25 C.
Ph: 6-7.
Zovuta: osakhala aukali.
Kusagwirizana Kochepa: zimagwirizana ndi nsomba zamtendere zonse (zebrafish, minga, timawuni tating'ono, neon, etc.) - m'mawu, tetra yomweyo, haratsinki, pecilia adzakhala oyandikana abwino.
Kwawo kwaachichepere ndi matupi amadzi kuchokera ku Guyana kupita ku Mtsinje wa Paraguay ku Brazil.
Nsomba yaying'onoyo imakhala ndi thupi lokwera pang'ono, lokwera pang'ono pambuyo pake. Kumbuyo kuli utoto wa azitona wonyezimira ndipo mbali zake ndi zofiira. Dorsal fin ndi wakuda. Zipsepse zotsalazo ndi zofiira. Wamphongo amasiyana ndi wamkazi mu thupi lochepetsetsa komanso mtundu wowala. Kutalika kwake, nsomba sizifikira 4 cm.
Izi nsomba zamtendere zimasungidwa m'khola mu malo wamba amadzimadzi (kutalika kwa 60 cm) ndi oyandikana nawo. Simalimbikitsa kuti azidzala ndi nsomba zophimba - zimayenda pang'onopang'ono ndipo zazing'ono zimatha kuzitsina chifukwa cha ziphuphu zazikulu.
Magawo abwino am'madzi pazinthu zazing'ono: kutentha 22-24 ° C, acidity 6-7, kuuma kwa 5-10 °. Kuchepetsa ndi kuthandizira ndikofunikira.
Zomera zam'madzi zazing'ono, mutha kuzigwiritsa ntchito pano, mitundu yonse yotsika komanso yowonda kwambiri. Komabe, mbewuzo zimayenera kugawidwa mwanzeru, monga anawo amakonda malo. Nkhono zamadzi zoyera zimabzalidwe mu aquarium ndi ana.
Kudyetsa nsomba za ku aquarium ziyenera kukhala zolondola: zoyenera, zosiyanasiyana. Lamulo lofunikira ili ndiro chinsinsi chakusamalira bwino kwa nsomba iliyonse, kaya ikhale guppies kapena astronotuses. Nkhani "Zambiri komanso zochuluka bwanji zodyetsa nsomba za ku aquarium" imakamba izi mwatsatanetsatane, imafotokoza mfundo zoyambirira za zakudya komanso kayendedwe ka nsomba.
Munkhaniyi, tawona chinthu chofunikira kwambiri - kudyetsa nsomba sikuyenera kukhala koopsa, chakudya chouma komanso chamoyo sichiyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuganizira za zokonda za nsomba zomwe, ndipo, kutengera izi, zikuphatikiza muzakudya zake zomwe zili ndi mapuloteni ambiri kapena mosiyanasiyana ndi zosakaniza zamasamba.
Zakudya zotchuka komanso zotchuka za nsomba, kumene, ndizakudya zowuma. Mwachitsanzo, ora lililonse ndi kulikonse komwe mungapeze masamba azakudya zamakampani a Tetra - mtsogoleri wa msika waku Russia, kwenikweni kuvomerezedwa kwa chakudya cha kampaniyi ndizodabwitsa. "Zida za Tetra" za Tetra zimaphatikizapo chakudya cha mtundu wina wa nsomba: golide, ma cichlids, loricaria, guppies, labyrinths, arovans, discus, ndi zina zambiri. Tetra adapanganso zakudya zapadera, mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera utoto, wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba kapena kudyetsa mwachangu. Zambiri pazakudya zonse za Tetra, mutha kupeza patsamba lovomerezeka la kampaniyo - Pano.
Dziwani kuti pogula zakudya zouma zilizonse, muyenera kuyang'anira tsiku lomwe zimapangidwa ndi moyo wa alumali, musayese kugula chakudya mwakulemera, komanso sungani chakudya m'malo otsekedwa - izi zingathandize kupewa kukula kwa zomera zam'mera mwake.
Kuberekera zazing'ono. Bungwe la malo owerengeka. Kuti mupeze ana muyenera kukonzekera malo oyamba. Chifukwa cha izi, gawo laling'ono (10-20 l) limatengedwa. Chojambula chosiyanitsa chimayikidwa pansi. Zimafunikira kuteteza caviar yamtsogolo kuchokera kwa makolo omwe angadye. Kuwala kumakhala kuzima komanso kusokoneza. Dothi silofunikira, koma mbewu ndizofunikira. Zokonda zimaperekedwa kwa mitundu yaying'ono yokhala ndi zitsulo zazitali. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuyika chitsamba cha Thai fern, sinamoni kapena Javanese moss. Momwe ndimadzi, amathiridwa ndi wosanjikiza osapitirira 10-15.Ndipo iyenera kufanana ndi magawo: kutentha 24-28 madigiri, kuuma kosaposa 15, acidity 6.2-7. Madzi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano kapena peat. Zotsalazo zimakonzedwa motere: a decoction yokhazikika ya peat imawonjezeredwa ndi madzi osungunuka (kuwongolera acid ndikofunikira!) Ndikuumiriza masiku 7 mpaka 30.
Kukhala mwachilengedwe
Longmouth yaying'ono kapena kachirala (Hyphessobrycon equates, and Hyphessobrycon yaying'ono) idafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1882. Amakhala ku South America, kwawo ku Paraguay, Brazil, Guiana.
Nsomba yodziwika bwino, yopezeka m'madzi osasunthika, omwe ali ndi mbewu zochuluka: mautesi, dziwe, nyanja zazing'ono.
Amasungidwa pamwamba pa madzi, pomwe amadya tizilombo, mphutsi ndi tinthu tambiri ta mbewu.
Amakhala m'matumba, koma amakonda kumenyana wina ndi mnzake ndikuluma zipsepse.
Kufotokozera
Kapangidwe ka thupi ndimtundu wa tetras, yopapatiza komanso yokwera. Amakula mpaka 4 cm, ndipo amakhala m'matanthwe kwa zaka 4-5. Mtundu wakhungu ndi wofiyira, wowala bwino.
Malo akuda posachedwa ndi chivundikirocho ndiikhalidwe. Zipsepse zake ndi zakuda, ndi malire oyera mozungulira m'mphepete. Palinso mawonekedwe okhala ndi zipsepse zazitali, chophimba.
KUKHALA NDI MOYO
Longmouth yaying'ono kapena kachirala (Hyphessobrycon equates, and Hyphessobrycon yaying'ono) idafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1882. Amakhala ku South America, kwawo ku Paraguay, Brazil, Guiana. Nsomba yodziwika bwino, yopezeka m'madzi osasunthika, omwe ali ndi mbewu zochuluka: mautesi, dziwe, nyanja zazing'ono. Amasungidwa pamwamba pa madzi, pomwe amadya tizilombo, mphutsi ndi tinthu tambiri ta mbewu. Ochepera amakhala m'matumba, koma nthawi zambiri amalimbana wina ndi mnzake ndikuluma zipsepse.
Kodi chaching'ono chimawoneka bwanji?
Kukula kwake. Awa ndi nsomba zing'onozing'ono zokhala ndi mchira kutalika kosaposa 4-5 cm komanso kutalika kwa zaka pafupifupi zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Kapangidwe. Matupi awo ndi opyapyala, aatali, opindika pambuyo pake, komanso m'litali. Mbali yachilendo ya ana ndi kumapeto kwa dorsal: quadrangular, vertical, nthawi zina amakhala atali kwambiri.
Colouring. Mzere wamtundu wautali wowoneka bwino thupi lonse. Pamwamba pa nsomba pali utoto wa azitona wopaka utoto wobiriwira. Pansi (pamimba ndi m'mbali) ofiira owala. Danga kumbuyo kwa gill ndi dorsal fin lakutilidwa ndi malo amdima ang'onoang'ono.
Fin zakuda kumbuyo, zitha kukhala ndi malire oyera kapena nsonga yokha, ndi zina zonse (kupatula mafuta, omwe akuwonekera) ndizolimba, zofiira. Mchira umapangidwa mozama; palibe mamba m'munsi mwa mchira.
ZOTSATIRA
Ochepera ndi nsomba zosasamala zomwe zimayenera kusungidwa mumitundu 6. Kwa gulu lotere, malita 50-70 ndiokwanira. Monga ma tetras ena, zazing'ono zimafunikira madzi oyera ndikuwunikira. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa zosefera zomwe, kuwonjezera pa kuyeretsa madzi, zimayambitsa kutuluka pang'ono. Kusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse kumafunika, pafupifupi 25% pa sabata. Ndipo kuyatsa kwamdima kungachitike polola madzi oyandama pamadzi.
Madzi pazinthu zazing'ono ndizopepuka komanso acidic: ph: 5.5-7.5, 5 - 20 dGH, kutentha 23-27C. Komabe, ndiofala kwambiri mwakuti imasinthasintha kale pamikhalidwe ndi magawo osiyanasiyana.
Zabwino kwa ana zimawonedwa monga momwe ziriri nkhalango zam'madzi zotentha. Chofunika ndi chiani?
Kutali kwakutali. Zotengera makumi atatu ndi zitatu ndizovomerezeka, koma mulingo woyenera ndi malita 10 a nsomba iliyonse kuchokera kusukulu. Payenera kukhala chivundikiro pamwambapa, chifukwa heratsin awa akulumpha.
Zomera. Mu aquarium muyenera kukhala zochuluka zithunthu zonse za mbeu, ndi malo posambira. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ana aang'ono amakonda magawo am'munsi ndi apakati a madzi.
Zomera zokhala ndi mizu zimabzalidwa pansi, ndipo mbewu zoyandama zimayikidwa pansi pamadzi. Echinodorus, Javanese moss, cryptocoryne, Thai fern idzakhala yoyenera.
Magawo amadzi. Madzi pawokha amayenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa 22-26 ° C (ndipo nsomba imatha kulekerera nthawi yake kutsika kwake), kuuma kwa madigiri 4-8, acidity ya 6.8-7.
Kusefera, kutchinga. Onetsetsani kuti mwakhazikitsa zosefera komanso zoyatsira. Zosintha zitha kuchitika sabata iliyonse, kuchotsa ndikuwonjezerapo gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a madzi. Hyphessobrycon yaying'ono imadzimva bwino m'madzi a peat.
Kuwala. Kuwala kwakukulu kuli pafupifupi ambiri.
Kudulira ndibwino kuti mutenge mtundu wakuda. Itha kukhala mchenga kapena miyala. Pansi pali mitengo yotsekera, yomwe imakongoletsa dziwe lanyumba ndikukhazikitsa malo osungira ana.
Kodi kudyetsa ndi chiyani?
Nsomba zomwe zikukambidwazo sizikula ndipo sizopindulitsa pankhani ya zakudya. Pali mfundo zingapo zofunika kuziganizira:
- Kukula kwakudya. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso tating'onoting'ono sitingathe kugwira.
- Kusamala Zopatsa ziyenera kusinthidwa. Ndikuganiza kuti palibe chifukwa chofotokozera momwe ndikofunikira kuti thanzi likhale lolimba komanso logwirizana.
M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, ana amadya tizilombo tambiri pamadzi ndi nyama zazing'ono zam'madzi zingapo.
Mu ukapolo, mutha kupatsa mitundu yonse ya zakudya: amoyo (Daphnia, Cyclops, Artemia, crustaceans ,wmagazi, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, enchitreuse), youma (ma pellets, flakes), chomera (sipinachi, duckweed, masamba a cirrus, masamba a dandelion ndi letesi).
KUGWIRITSANSO NDI CHOLOWA CHINA
Nsomba zazing'ono za aquarium zimawerengedwa kuti ndi nsomba zabwino zam'madzi wamba, koma sizowona konse. Pokhapokha ngati amakhala ndi nsomba zazikulu komanso zachangu. Nsomba zomwe zing'onozing'ono kwa iwo ndizomwe zimakuzunzani komanso kuwopseza. Zoterezi zingatchulidwenso ndi nsomba zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi zipsepse zazikulu. Mwachitsanzo, tambala kapena makala. Adzakokedwa ndi zipsepse mpaka nsomba itadwala kapena kufa.
Abwino oyandikana nawo adzakhala: zebrafish ,, barbs, acanthophthalmus, ancistruses.
Mu gululi, chikhalidwe cha mwana chimakhala chosinthika, monga momwe udindo umapangidwira ndipo chidwi chimaperekedwa kwa achibale. Nthawi yomweyo, amuna amangoyerekeza kuti akulimbana wina ndi mnzake, koma osavulaza wina ndi mnzake.
Mawonekedwe
Ochepera ndi ochepa. Nthawi zambiri nsomba yayikulu imakhala yayitali masentimita 4-5. Amakhala pafupifupi zaka 6. Thupi la nsomba izi limasungunuka kuchokera kumbali, ndizochepa. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mtunduwu ndi ena ndi mawonekedwe a dorsal fin. Ali ndi mawonekedwe a quadrangular. Ili pamtunda, imatha kudalilika.
Mzere wakuda umadutsa thupi laling'ono. Thupi lam'mwamba mwa nsomba zowala ngati izi ndi la bulauni la azitona. Mimba zawo ndi mbali zake zili zofiira. Malo amdima amapezeka kokha pa dorsal fin.
Pali anthu omwe gawo lakumapeto kwa dorsal fin limakhala loyera, koma nthawi zambiri chitsulo cha dorsal chimakhala chakuda, nthawi zina chimapangidwa ndi malire oyera. Mafuta aang'ono aang'ono amawonekera. Enawo ndi ofiira owala. Palibe miyeso m'munsi mwa mchira. Akazi ndi odekha kuposa amuna, koma okulirapo.
Kugwirizana
Ana amakhala mwamtendere. Mwachilengedwe, amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a 4 osakwana. Ngati ali okha, amayamba kuwonetsa ukali. Ochepera amatha kuukira nsomba zazing'ono komanso mtundu wawo. Amaluma mchira ndi zipsepse ndi nsomba yophimba. Chifukwa chake, ziyeneranso kusungidwa m'gulu.
Mutha kuwonjezera nsomba zilizonse kwa ana. Chachikulu ndikuti akhale amtendere komanso akhama, komanso ali ndi miyeso yofanana.
Zoyenera kumangidwa
Malo abwino oimilira mitundu iyi azikhala pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe momwe zingathere. Kodi chofunikira ndi chiyani pamenepa?
- Ochepera amaloledwa kuti azisungidwa ngakhale mu yaying'ono yaying'ono. Kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kukhala osachepera 30 malita. Koma koposa zonse, adzamva ngati munthu aliyense atha kukhala ndi malita 10 a madzi. Ana, monga heratsins onse, amatha kudumphira m'madzi. Chifukwa chake, aquarium iyenera kuphimbidwa nthawi zonse. Ndikofunikira kuti aquarium ikhale yayitali.
- Achichepere amakhala pansi pamadzi, komanso pakati. Ndikofunikira kuti m'munda mulibe udzu wokwanira, koma nthawi yomweyo malo osambira adasungidwa. Algae kumtunda mwachindunji mu nthaka. Ngati ikuyenda pansi, ndiye kuti imayikidwa pansi. Zomera monga Javanese moss, komanso Thai fern, ndizabwino kwambiri nsomba izi.
- Ndikofunikira kupatsa aquarium ndi aerator ndi fyuluta yabwino. Zowunikira mu aquarium ziyenera kukhala zazitali kwambiri. Sabata iliyonse, gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a madzi amafunika kusinthidwa.
- Acidity yamadzi ndiyambira 6.8 mpaka 7. Kutentha koyenera kwambiri kwa oimira mtunduwu ndi madigiri 22-26. Koma ngati madzi nthawi zina amayamba kuzizira, anawo amalola izi kukhala bwino.
- Ndikofunikira kuti dothi limdima. Itha kupangidwa ndi miyala kapena mchenga. Mitengo yapamwamba komanso mapanga okongoletsera sizingokhala zokongoletsera zabwino zokha, komanso malo okonzera nsomba zazing'onozi.
Izi nsomba ndi chosasamala chakudya. Koma pakudyetsa, ndikofunikira kuganizira mfundo zingapo.
- Madyetsowo akhale ochepa, popeza nsomba zomwezo ndizochepa kakang'ono. Sangokhala ndi chakudya chachikulu.
- Ndikofunikanso kuti zakudya zamitundu mitundu zizipezeka muzakudya zaana. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazodyetsa yomwe amafunikira kuti ipatsidwe. Izi zitsimikiza kutuluka kwa zinthu zofunika. Zotsatira zake, nsomba zidzakhala zathanzi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimakusangalatsani ndi mtundu wawo wokongola komanso ntchito.
Kuthengo, ana nthawi zambiri amadya tizilombo tosungidwa tomwe timatulutsa kuchokera pamadzi. Komanso nzika zazing'ono zam'madzi zimakhala chakudya chawo.
Ndi zokhala m'madzi am'madzi, amatha kupatsidwa chakudya chamtundu uliwonse. Crustaceans, ma magazi am'mimba, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Kuchokera pazakudya zowuma, azidzadya ma flakes ndi granule. Ndikofunikanso kuti adye masamba. Zabwino pa saladi, dandelions ndi sipinachi.
Kuswana
Ngati mungasankhe kubereketsa ana, chinthu choyamba muyenera kuchita ndi kuwakhalira. Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani tank yaying'ono. Ma aquarium pafupifupi malita 10-20 ndi oyenera. Pansi pa thankiyo ndikofunikira kuyika gululi yopatula. Izi ndizofunikira kuti makolo iwo eni asadye caviar, yomwe iyimitsidwa. Khalidwe ili ndi mtundu wamtunduwu. Kuwala komwe kumatuluka kumakhala kofowoka ndikumwazikana. Palibe chifukwa chokwanira kupangira dothi lamtundu uliwonse, koma mbewu ndizofunikira. Ndi bwino ngati ali ndi masamba okhala ndi masamba yaying'ono ndi thunthu lalitali.
Kenako muyenera kuthira madzi mu aquarium. Danga laling'ono lamtali masentimita 10-15 limatsanuliridwa mu dothi lophulika. Kuti zitheke bwino, ziyenera kulengedwa:
- Kutentha kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri - 24-28 madigiri.
- Mulingo wa acidity wamadzi kuyambira 6,2 mpaka 7.
- Kuuma - osapitirira 15.
Madzi mu thankiyo atha kukhala a peat kapena atsopano. Kukonzekera peat madzi, muyenera kuwonjezera decoction ya peat yapamwamba kwambiri. Madzi oterowo amamwetsedwa kuyambira sabata limodzi mpaka mwezi umodzi. Pakuphika, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa madzi.
Pakusamba sankhani gulu limodzi kapena gulu la anthu angapo. Masiku asanu ndi awiri zisanachitike zonenepa, nsomba zimadyetsedwa bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, zazikazi ndi zazikazi zimasiyanitsidwa mosiyana. Madzulo, anthu amayenera kuikidwa pamalo osungidwa. Wamkazi amatha kuyikira mazira m'mawa, koma nthawi zina amayenera kudikirira masiku angapo. Mkazi m'modzi nthawi zambiri amaikira mazira 200-300, omwe amira pansi pa thankiyo kapena kukhazikika pazomera. Akuluakulu amathandizidwa nthawi yomweyo. Tanki iyenera kuyatsidwa, kuwala kuyenera kuzimiririka. Palibe chifukwa choti angagwire mazira, izi zitha kumuvulaza.
Nthawi zina wamkazi amatha kuyikira mazira patapita masiku angapo. Mpaka izi zichitika, nsomba siziyenera kudyetsedwa.
Ngati sanayikire mazira, nsomba imabwezeredwa ku aquarium. Pakapita kanthawi, mutha kuyesanso.
Ngati caviar sichichedwa kutha, ndiye kuti mwachangu limatha pambuyo pa maola 24-48. Amangamira pazomera ndi galasi la kutulutsa. Afunika kudyetsedwa ndi ma ciliates, ma cyclops ndi ma rotivers. Pakadutsa masiku 15 mpaka 20, muyenera kuwasintha ndi madzi. Pazaka 8-10, nsombazo zimakhala zazikulu ndipo zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka.
Kanema: Kusunga ndi kubereka zazing'ono
Wamng'ono (Latin Hyphessobrycon serpae) kapena chikwakwa ndi nsomba yokongola yomwe imawoneka ngati lawi laling'ono komanso losuntha mu aquarium. Ndipo ndizosatheka kuchotsa maso anu pagulu laling'ono.Thupi limakhala lalikulu, lofiira, malo akuda kumbuyo kwa chivundikiro, ndikuwapatsa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.
Kupatula kuti antchito ndi okongola kwambiri, amakhalanso odzikuza, ngati mitundu yambiri ya tetras.
Longmouth yaying'ono kapena kachirala (Hyphessobrycon equates, and Hyphessobrycon yaying'ono) idafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1882. Amakhala ku South America, kwawo ku Paraguay, Brazil, Guiana.
Nsomba yodziwika bwino, yopezeka m'madzi osasunthika, omwe ali ndi mbewu zochuluka: mautesi, dziwe, nyanja zazing'ono.
Amasungidwa pamwamba pa madzi, pomwe amadya tizilombo, mphutsi ndi tinthu tambiri ta mbewu.
Ochepera amakhala m'matumba, koma nthawi zambiri amalimbana wina ndi mnzake ndikuluma zipsepse.
Zovuta pazomwe zili
Serpas ndizofala kwambiri pamagulitsa, chifukwa ndizotchuka kwambiri ndi am'madzi am'madzi. Amakhala osazindikira, amakhala m'mavuto ang'onoang'ono ndipo, makamaka, si nsomba zovuta.
Ngakhale ndizosavuta kusamalira, komabe, iwo eni amatha kukhala vuto kuthamangitsa ndi kudula zipsepse za nsomba zosakwiya.
Chifukwa cha izi, muyenera kusamala posankha anansi.
Kudyetsa
Nsomba zazing'ono zam'madzi zimadya mitundu yonse ya zakudya, zokuundana ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi.
Dziwani kuti tetra ili ndi kamwa yaying'ono ndipo muyenera kusankha chakudya chochepa.
Ochepera ndi nsomba zosasamala zomwe zimayenera kusungidwa mumitundu 6. Kwa gulu lotere, malita 50-70 ndiokwanira.
Monga ma tetras ena, zazing'ono zimafunikira madzi oyera ndikuwunikira. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa zosefera zomwe, kuwonjezera pa kuyeretsa madzi, zimayambitsa kutuluka pang'ono. Kusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse kumafunika, pafupifupi 25% pa sabata.
Ndipo kuyatsa kwamdima kungachitike polola madzi oyandama pamadzi.
Komabe, ndiofala kwambiri mwakuti imasinthasintha kale pamikhalidwe ndi magawo osiyanasiyana.
Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi
Kudziwa komwe kumakhala wamwamuna ndi komwe wamkazi ali yaying'ono kumakhala kovuta. Kusiyanaku kumanenedwa kwambiri musanayambe kupanga.
Amuna ang'onoang'ono ali owala bwino, owonda kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe awo owala amakhala akuda kwathunthu.
Mwa akazi, ndi pler, ndipo amakhala athanzi ngakhale sanakonzekere kutuluka.
Kuswana
Kubereka mwana ndikosavuta. Amatha kubereka onse awiriawiri komanso m'magulu awiri amuna ndi akazi ofanana.
Chinsinsi cha kubereka bwino ndikupanga zinthu zofunikira mu malo osiyana siyana ndikusankha opanga athanzi.
Pakuchepa, malo ocheperako pamadzi ndi oyenera, okhala ndi zowunikira zochepa, komanso tchire la mitengo yaying'ono, mwachitsanzo, ku Javanese moss.
Madzi azikhala ofewa, osapitirira 6-8 dGH, ndi pH pafupifupi 6.0. Kutentha kwamadzi 27C.
Opanga osankhidwa amadyetsedwa bwino, amakonda zakudya zamitundumitundu. Amuna amakhala otanganidwa kwambiri ndi utoto wowala, ndipo zazikazi zimayamba kunenepa.
Kumera kumayamba mbandakucha, banja limayika mazira pamitengo. Atatulutsa, nsombazo zimabzalidwa, ndipo m'madziwo mumayikidwa malo amdima, chifukwa caviar ndiwowoneka bwino kwambiri.
Pakatha masiku awiri, mwachangu adzabisala, nadzakhala ndi moyo. Atangosambira, muyenera kuyamba kumudyetsa dzira yolk ndi infusoria.
Zomwe zimakula, Artemia nauplii ndi ma feed akuluakulu zimasamutsidwa.
Wamng'ono - nsomba za aquarium, woimira banja la haracin. Amadziwikanso ngati magazi am'mwazi. Pali mtundu wina wamtunduwu womwe unadulidwa mochokera ku nsomba zam'madzi zodwala. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, wachichepere amaonedwa ngati wamtundu wina, momwe (mosiyana ndi chikwakwa) chakuda chakumbuyo kuseri kwa mapenaku chimafotokozedwanso kapena kusakhalapo. Pali mawonekedwe okhala ndi zipsembe zophimba. Mitundu yamtchire ndiyofala m'matupi amadzi ku South America.
Kukula kwa akulu ndi pafupifupi 4 cm, kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi kukufotokozedwa bwino. Ndalama ya akazi ndiyopepuka pang'ono, ndipo thupi lake ndi lozungulira kuposa laimuna. Ndizotheka kudziwa molondola zogonana mukamatulutsa.
Chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo wabwino pazaka zabwino chafika zaka zisanu.
Kanema: nsomba zazing'ono
Wamng'ono ndi gulu lowerengera lomwe ndi la banja la haracin. Kupanda kutero, chaching'ono chimatchedwa red tetra kapena tetra yamagazi. Dzinalo, komabe, silikugwirizana ndi mawonekedwe: ana aang'ono ndi nsomba zokonda mtendere, iwo sakhala ena mwa oyimira chilangu a anthu okhala m'madzimo. M'mabuku asayansi, chilengedwechi chimapezekanso pansi pa dzina la Hifessobricon, callistus. Malo okhalamo ang'onoang'ono mwachilengedwe ndi chigwa cha Amazon.
Kufotokozera kwakunja
Nsomba imakhala ndi thupi lalitali, lokakamizidwa kuchokera mbali zonse, imakhala ndi mafuta. Mutha kuzindikira tetra yamagazi ndimtundu wake wamtundu: kumbuyo ndi kofiirira komanso kowala kobiriwira kowoneka bwino, mbali zake ndizowala bwino, mutha kuwona malo ochepa akuda kumbuyo kwa chivundikiro cha gill, fin kumbuyo kwake kuli ndi khungu lakuda ndi nsonga yoyera, mafuta omata ali kowonekera, ziwalo zina zonse za thupi - ofiira. Za kukula kwake, kutalika kwa thupi kumafika kutalika kwa masentimita 4. Ana amakhala zaka pafupifupi zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Acharium Minors: Zamkatimu
Ochepera amakhala omasuka ngati sakhala okha pamadzi: amakonda kusambira mumthumba la anthu 6 (ichi ndiye chochepera). Lamuloli ndilofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti wocheperako akhoza kukhala wankhalwe, kukhala yekha pagulu lodziwika bwino. Ndizotheka kuti ayamba kuukira anthu ena okhala m'madzimo. Wamng'ono amakhalanso ndi izi: osavomerezeka kuti azisunga ndi nsomba zokhala ndi zipsepse zamtambo zazitali. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ana amatha kusokoneza iwo ndi zomera ndi nibble.
Wamng'ono amakonda malo kwambiri, kotero kukonza kwake kumaphatikizapo kugula malo akuluakulu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito yomwe ilipo. Kutentha kwamadzi mu aquarium kuyenera kukhala osachepera 23-26 madigiri, pH - 7.5, ndi kuuma - 20 dGH. Ndipo, mwachilengedwe, zomwe zili zaana ndizovomerezeka m'madzi oyera okha. The compressor kukonza aeration iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pa tsiku: m'mawa ndi madzulo, kusiya kuti igwire ntchito kwa mphindi 10-20.
Mukamaganiza za kugula nthaka, sankhani miyala ing'onoing'ono yamtsinje. Ngati mungafune, mutha kugula mtundu wamtundu wa miyala yamiyala: malo ngati amenewa samakupatsirani mtendere wokha, komanso chisangalalo. Zomera zitha kugulidwa zonse zocheperapo komanso zopanda mafuta, koma mukufunikiranso kukumbukira: yaying'ono imakonda malo otseguka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sipayenera kukhala mbewu zambiri. Zomera zokhala ndi masamba ochepa ndizabwino pansi pamadzi. Ochepera sangasamale ngati mutayika nkhono zamadzi mu aquarium: zimathandizira kukhazikitsa nyengo yabwino mu ufumu wamadzi.
Ochepera amakonda kuwala, koma ngati ndichopepuka, zofewa. M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba zimasowa kuunika kowonjezera.
Musaiwale kunena za chakudya. Komabe, simudzayenera kuyendayenda kwa nthawi yayitali: Ana a aquarium amadya chilichonse. Amakonda chakudya chokhala ndi moyo, komanso chouma komanso masamba osiyanasiyana. Koma amakonda kwambiri Daphnia. Nsombazo ndizisangalala ndi chakudya chotere, ndipo mudzapeza chisangalalo chochuluka kuwona momwe ana a aquarium amathamangitsira daphnia kudera lonse la aquarium.
Malangizo: Yolk angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mavitamini owonjezera achilengedwe. Kuphika dzira, kuziziritsa, kulidula mosamala ndikutsanulira magawo ang'onoang'ono mu aquarium.
Kubala bwino sikutheka popanda zomwe zili zolondola, chifukwa chake ndikoyenera kumvera malamulo onse pamwambapa.
Nsomba zazing'ono: kuswana
Ana a Aquarium amatha kutha msinkhu pafupifupi miyezi 6-8. Kuti kubereka kube bwino, muyenera kukonzekera gulu la opanga nsomba (owerengedwa: azimayi awiri amuna amuna atatu). Matumba ofiira omwe amapanga gululi ayenera kudyetsedwa makamaka masiku angapo asanafalikire: njira yabwino kwambiri ndi chakudya chamoyo. Madera owaza akuyenera kukhala malita khumi kapena makumi awiri, osawerengera nthaka. Chidebecho chizikhala chodzazidwa ndi Thai fern kapena, mwachitsanzo, Hornwort, choyenera kutsukidwa m'madzi (koyenda) kwa tsiku limodzi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukanikiza zakudimba zam'madzi pansi ndi ndodo zoyera zagalasi. Aquarium iyenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi pa 15 cm, ndipo pH yamadzi iyenera kukhala 6.0-6.5, ndipo kutentha 28 madigiri. Kuti mukwaniritse pH yofunikira, kulowetsedwa pang'ono kwa peat kumatha kuwonjezeredwa ndi madzi.
Kukula kwa gulu la opanga nsomba kumachitika mokulira. Ngati kuli kotheka kusankha awiri awiri oyenerana, ndiye kuti kuwaza kumayambira kale ndi kuwala koyambirira kwa dzuwa, pomwe padzakhala kusokoneza, mutha kunena kuti kuchepa. Pafupifupi, wamkazi amadzaza mazira mpaka 250. Caviar ali ndi mtundu wachikasu wachikaso ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono. Pofika teni koloko, kufalikira kumatha. Ndipo opanga nsomba amalekanitsidwa kuti mkaziyo azitha kupumula ndikuchira. Ngati wamkazi apumula bwino, ndiye kuti kuzungulira kwatsopano sikungakhale kopambana.
Ponena za caviar, yomwe yasiyidwa mu malo owala, iyenera kutetezedwa molimbika ku dzuwa: tikutanthauza mwachindunji. Pakatha tsiku limodzi, zidzakhala zotheka kuwona mphutsi zazing'ono za nsomba: zimangamira ku mbewu ndi galasi, zokhazikika. Pa tsiku lachisanu, mphutsi zasinthidwa kale. Amatha kudyetsedwa patsiku lachisanu kapena lachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi zooplankton yaying'ono: nauplii wa ma cyclops, ma rotifers, ciliates (ana aang'ono amawadya mosavuta).
- pakukula, ana a ku aquarium safuna chakudya, sayenera kudyetsedwa,
- Ngati sizinabowoke pa tsiku loyamba, ndiye kuti opanga nsomba azikhala m'malo owonongera masiku ena awiri.
Ndipo kulera ana kubereka bwino!
Oimira chidwi a banja la haracin, nsomba za ku aquarium , akatswiri azam'madzi ambiri adakonda izi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe, kusangalala komanso kupatsa chidwi, komanso mikhalidwe yosasangalatsa. Kuwona oimira amenewa ndikosangalatsa, kumachepetsa nkhawa komanso kumatipatsa chiyembekezo. M'masamba am'midzi, adayamba kuwonekera pakati pa zaka zapitazi.
Kuthengo, zoseketsa Nsomba zazing'ono amapezeka m'chigwa cha kumpoto kwa South America. Nthawi zambiri awa ndi mitsinje ya Mato Grosso ndi Amazon yoyenda pakati pa Brazil ndi Paraguay. Komanso, nsomba yokhala ndi dzina lokonda nyimbo imakonda maiwe a m'nkhalango okhala ndi madzi oyenda kapena osayenda pang'onopang'ono, okhala ndi masamba owirira.
Machitidwe.ru
Oyamba kumene kumadzi nthawi zambiri amasankha nsomba zopanda chidwi kuti azisamalire. Pakati pawo, wina amatha kusiyanitsa mwana, yemwe amatchedwanso chikwakwa. Ndiwotchuka chifukwa chosavuta kukonza, koma nthawi yomweyo ndimasewera komanso mafoni. Inde, achichepere ayenera kusamaliridwa. Ngati mikhalidwe ya kumangidwa kwake ikuipiraipira, ndiye kuti kukula kwake kudzachepa, khungu lake lidzasowa, nthawi yake yamoyo idzachepa, ndipo izi zingakhudzenso kubereka.
Nsomba zazing'ono kapena zodwala sizovuta kuzisamalira komanso zoyenera kwa oyamba am'madzi
Zina zambiri
Wamng'ono ndi nsomba yomwe imakhala pakati pa South America. Amakonda dziwe lamtchire, pomwe madzi akadali ndipo amayenda pang'onopang'ono.
M'mawonekedwe, odwala ndi nsomba zochepa. Kutalika kwake sikupitilira masentimita asanu. Thupi limakhala lokwera kwambiri, loonda komanso lalitali, loponderezedwa pang'ono kuchokera kumbali. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi chaching'ono ndi ndalama ya dorsal - imakhala yokhazikika, yopindika, imakhala yayitali kwambiri.
Ochepera amatengedwa ngati ochepa: kutalika kwa thupi lawo ndi pafupifupi 5 cm
Kudutsa thupi, mutha kuwona mzere wamdima wautali. Nsomba zazing'ono za aquarium ndi zofiirira za maolivi pamwambapa komanso zofiirira zowala pansipa. Chifukwa cha izi, nsomba izi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa zofiira. Fin ndi madera opitilira gill amatha kuphimba malo ang'onoang'ono amdima. Imapakidwa yakuda ndipo ili ndi nsonga yoyera kapena malire. Thupi lonse la nsomba'lo limakutidwa ndi ofiira. Palibe zoyambira m'munsi mwa mchira.
Akazi ndiosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi amuna. Zowala sizowala, koma zimakhala ndi kukula kokulirapo ndi kutupa pamimba.
Malamulo a zopatsa thanzi
Pankhani ya zakudya, nsomba zazing'onozi sizokomera. Muyenera kutsatira malingaliro osavuta posankha chakudya:
- Kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala koyenera. Tizidutswa tambiri tating'onoting'ono ta chakudya sitingathe kugwira.
- Thanzi liyenera kukhala loyenera. Kudyetsa nthawi zambiri kumasinthidwa. Mkhalidwe wa ziweto za aquarium mwachindunji zimatengera izi.
- Mwachilengedwe, odwala amadya nyama zazing'ono zam'madzi, tizilombo kuchokera pansi. Muukapolo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zonse ziwiri zakudya (crustaceans, ma cellwits, magazi tating'onoting'ono), ndi youma (mapepala apadera, granules). Zakudya zamasamba ndizoyeneranso (dandelions, sipinachi, sinamoni).
Ana amadya nyama komanso chomera,
Kusamalira Makanda
Nthawi zambiri mumapeza mazira mazana awiri ndi atatu omwe amira pansi, amakangamira masamba. Samakhudza caviar - amatengeka. Fryoyi imayamba kugwedezeka pakatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Amamatirira kuzomera zapafupi kapena zopangidwa ndigalasi. Amayamba kusambira pakatha masiku 4-5.
Fryasi zikayamba kusambira, zimayamba kudyetsa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito ma ciliates, nauplii a cyclops, rotifers, nematode ang'ono. Pakupita milungu iwiri, madzi mu tank amasintha, pang'onopang'ono kuwuma. Kusamaliranso mwachangu sikuti ndizosiyana ndi zomwe anthu akuluakulu amachita.
Pakutulutsa, mazira 200-300 amalandiridwa, omwe mwachangu amawonekera masiku 1-2
Kukula kwa mwachangu kumachitika mwachangu. Pambuyo pa miyezi 8-10, iwonso akukonzekera kubereka. Ndipo ngati izi zikufunika kuti zichitidwe, ndiye kuti ndikokwanira kungobwereza njira zosavuta zoberekera nsomba zazing'ono.
Ndiosavuta kusamalira ndi kubereka ana. Ndikofunikira kuti musaiwale za mtundu wa nsomba zamtunduwu ndikuthandizira kuyera kwamadzi mu aquarium. Ngati mukuyandikira nkhaniyi mosamala, ndiye kuti zolengedwa zazing'onozi zimakondweretsa mwini wawo ndi mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino, ntchito komanso chonde.
Aquarium nsomba yaying'ono ndi nsomba yaying'ono (mpaka 5 cm), koma imakonda kutchuka kwambiri komanso kosalekeza pakati pa asodzi am'madzi. Kutchuka koteroko kukufotokozedwa, kumbali imodzi, ndi kusadzikuza kwa achichepere komanso kumasuka kosamalira, Komabe, ndi chisangalalo chachikulu chomwe gulu lawo losangalatsa limawapatsa kwa iwo kuti aziziona.
Koma, mwina, wamadzi aliyense wam'madzi amamvetsetsa kuti ziweto zake zapansi pamadzi zimayenera kukhala ndi malo abwino kuti azikhala osangalala komanso osangalala.
Kuti mukhale ndi moyo waung'ono wocheperako ndikwabwino kuti musankhe zazitali, zazitali (pafupifupi 40 cm). Popeza nsomba izi zimagwira ntchito kwambiri, mosakayikira zimakonda kusambira, ndiye kuti mphatso yabwino kwambiri kuchokera kwa mwini wawoyo idzakhala malo okwanira.
Kuphatikiza pa malo ofunikira, ana amafunikiranso malo okhala ndi mthunzi, momwe mungabisalire pansi pa nkhokwe zowuma. Kumbukiraninso kuti wamng'ono ndi nsomba zophunzirira, chifukwa chake nkofunika kuzisunga m'magulu (kuchokera anthu asanu). Phimbani aquarium ndi chivindikiro pamwamba. Ma nsomba awiri amakhala okwanira kuchokera ku malita 10 mpaka 15 a madzi.
Zofunikira pa Magawo Amadzi
Kuti musamalire ana ang'ono, samalani kwambiri ndi kuyera kwamadzi. 1/5 yama voliyumu amadzi mu aquarium imayenera kupatsidwanso sabata ndi sabata kuti ikhale yatsopano komanso yoyera. Patsani kusefa kwaphokoso. Ngati tikunena za kapangidwe ka sing'anga, ndiye kuti zotsatirazi zikhale magawo abwino:
Acidity yamadzi - (pH) 6.5-7.5,
Kuuma - mpaka madigiri 15,
Kutentha kwabwino kwambiri ndi 22-25 ° C.
Colouring
Nsombazo zimagawika thupi lonse ndi mzere wamdima.
Mbali yakumwambayi ndi utoto wa azitona wopaka utoto wobiriwira. M'mimba ndi m'mbali mwake mumawomba zofiira kwambiri. Kumapeto kwa dorsal kuli madontho ang'onoang'ono akuda, ndipo malire oyera akuwonekera pamphumi pake. Mabwalo akuda omwewo amapezeka paliponse pamatanda a gill.
Mtundu wa nsombazi sizotengera momwe angagwiritsire ntchito.Pomwe zazikazi sizowoneka bwino ngati amuna.
Chosangalatsa kwambiri kuchokera pakuwona utoto ndi khungu lophimba ndi magazi.
Voliyumu
Nsomba zazing'ono zimakonda kusambira kwambiri ndipo zimakonda ufulu.
Amafuna malo ambiri. Kuwonetsa kumawonetsa kuti kwa zosowa zam'madzi zam'madzi mudzafunika malita khumi pamunthu aliyense. Kwa gulu laling'ono la Serpas mu nsomba 5-6, malita 50-70 amadzi adzakwanira.
Nsomba zocheperako ndikudumpha. Chifukwa chake, aquarium iyenera kuphimbidwa.
Tetra wofiyira kapena nsomba zazing'ono: mawonekedwe mu aquarium
Pakati pa nsomba zam'madzi zambiri, anthu amakonda zokongola komanso zachilendo. Mitundu yachilendo kwambiri komanso yachilendo imakumbidwa mu ngodya zakutali za dziko lapansi, pomwe chilengedwe chimapanga malo abwino kukhalapo. Mwa iwo, wocheperako ndi nsomba yaying'ono, yomwe ndi ya banja la haracin ndipo amakhala m'malo osungirako ku Brazil (kuchokera ku Guyana kupita kumtsinje wa Paraguay).
Mawonekedwe
Achichepere amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osewera ndipo amakonda kupuma m'matumba akali. Nsomba zimalowa nthawi yakutha ndi miyezi 8, koma osapanga awiriawiri. Koma pa kope limodzi, nsomba yaying'ono imatha kukhala yankhanza. Amayamba kusaka oimira ang'onoang'ono kapena kulowa nawo ndewu yopanda bata.
Tetra yofiyira imakhala yosasinthika mu chakudya: ana ndi okondwa kudya chakudya chamtundu uliwonse. Amatha kupatsidwa magazi am'magazi, artemia, daphnia, cyclops, gammarus wouma. Zakudyazi zimaphatikizapo masamba owuma a dandelion, letesi, sipinachi ndi duckweed. Kusinthana kwa deta yamadyedwe ndizabwino kwambiri.
Wamng'ono ndi nsomba yogwira, chifukwa chake imafunikira malo ofanana ndi nsomba kapena nsomba zomwe sizingakhale zovuta kuzungulira. Mutha kusankha barbs, rassbori, catfish, pecilia, labeo ndi iris.
Gulu la ana (anthu asanu ndi limodzi a 606) amatha kusungidwa m'madzi omwe ali ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 60. Ndikwabwino kuti chidebecho chikhale ndi algae, zithunthu ndi mbewu zoyandama zomwe zingapangitse malo oyaka. Timbra wofiyira amakonda kupumula mwa iwo. Koma zowonjezera zamadzi sizimangokhala malo opanda malo osambira.
Tinsomba tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timakhala ochepa pochepetsa, timakonda madzi osinthika sabata iliyonse (25% yonse). Kutentha kwa m'madzimo sikuyenera kutsika kuposa + 22ºC. Payenera kukhala pafupifupi malita 10 amadzi pa nsomba iliyonse. Madzi mu aquarium ayenera kusefedwa.
Kwa ana, ndibwino kusankha dothi lakuda, lomwe limalimbikitsidwa kuti lizikongoletsedwa ndi Thai ferns, Javanese moss ndi echinodorus.
Nsomba zamanyazi komanso zokhala m'mimba zimatha kumva bwino pagulu la tetra yofiira. Ndipo onse chifukwa ana amakhala okonda kuchita zipolowe ndi kuwombera pa ziphuphu zazitali za anansi awo.
Tetra wofiira amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 6 popanda zinthu zabwino komanso kukonza moyenera.
Zosiyanasiyana
Wamng'ono - nsomba, yomwe imawonetsedwa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana padziko lapansi, imatha kuzindikirika. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ana angavutike mosavuta ndi mitundu yofanana ndi nsomba. Zotsatira zake ndizopanda zachilendo, mawonekedwe ake omwe amatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi katswiri wazamadzi wazamadzi. Okonda ena amatenga mawonekedwe ophimba ndi a albino m'mizinda yama aquarium.
Ana ali ndi mitundu yotsatirayi:
- Hyphessobrycon serape.
- Hyphessobrycon haraldschultzi.
- Hyphessobrycon ang'ono.
Amasiyana mu kukula kwa malo akuda komanso kutalika kwa thupi lokha.
Tetra yofiira ndi zokongoletsera zenizeni za aquarium. Kusewera kwansomba, mtundu wake wosangalatsa wokondweretsa ndi wopatsa mphamvu.
Zikhala za nsomba yam'madzi, yomwe ingakhale yabwino kwa oyamba kumene. Mu Latin, dzina lake limamveka ngati Hyphessobrycon yaying'ono. Tikudziwa ngati mwana. Nsomba zazing'onozi ndizodziwika kwambiri pakati pa eni nsomba zam'madzi. Kupatula apo, ndikosavuta kumusamalira, simufunikira kupanga zovuta zilizonse. Gulu la nsomba izi ndizosewera kwambiri, ndizosangalatsa kuwayang'ana. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti mutha kuloleza boma kuti litengeke. Mukapanda kuzisamalira, ana amatha kukula pang'onopang'ono, mtundu wawo umazirala. Kuwonongeka kwa mikhalidwe kumabweretsa kuti nsomba zidzaberekana zowonjezereka, ndipo chiyembekezo cha moyo wawo chidzafupikitsidwa.
Kusamalira Tetra Wamng'ono
Caviar mwachangu amawonekera m'masiku angapo. Amapachika pamasamba kapena magalasi. Amayamba kusambira masiku 2-5. M'masiku oyamba amoyo, mwachangu amadyedwa ndi infusoria, ma rotifers, cyclops nauplii ndi nematode ang'ono. Miyezi ingapo ya theka madzi amasungunuka amasintha kukhala kovuta.
Ndiosavuta kusamalira ndikubereka nsomba Zaching'ono. Ngati mukutsatira zofunikira zochepa ndikuwonetsetsa malo omwe akukhalako, ndiye kuti kukongola kwam'madzi kudzasangalatsa maonekedwe awo komanso kusewera kwa nthawi yayitali.
Aquarium yokhala ndi nsomba zakunja sizachilendo m'nyumba zathu, koma nthawi zambiri eni ake sakhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudza iwo kuti azisunga okhala m'madzimo.
Lero tikambirana za m'modzi mwa anthu odziwika kwambiri am'madzi - zazing'ono (za Hephessobrycon), phunzirani zamalamulo osunga ndi kuswana nsomba, lingalirani za chithunzicho.
Kufotokozera kwapfupi
Kachilengedwe kakang'ono ka Little ndi pakati komanso kumpoto kwa South America. Serpas, momwe nsomba amatchedwanso, amakonda malo osungirako ndi madzi osasunthika kapena opanda magetsi. Maonekedwe a ang'ono ndi osakumbukika, amasewera ndi mitundu yowala. Thupi lozungulira m'chigawo cham'mimba limakhala lokwera, pang'ono mpaka kumchira, kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 4. Mtundu wakuthupi wathunthu ndi wachikasu, ndimdima wakuda ndi cheza kumbuyo. Atangochotsa ma galainiwo pali malo ena akuda.
Oktoberny ndi zipsepete zazing'onoting'ono za mtundu wofiira, zikuluzikulu za porral - zofiira zowoneka bwino ndi zakuda pamphepete. Chovala chofiyira chofiyira chowala chimakhalanso ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wakuda, wocheperako pang'ono.
Chophimba chakumaso chakumaso kwa dorsal kumapeto kumakhala kofiyira komanso kosintha kumuda, nsonga nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi malire oyera. Nthawi zambiri, mawanga oyera amakongoletsa zipsepse zamkati ndi zophimba za gill. Serpas ndi nsomba ya hooligan, nthawi zambiri imawonetsa kukwiya kwa anthu ang'onoang'ono, izi zimayenera kukumbukiridwa posankha oyandikana nawo.
Kusankha ndi makonzedwe a aquarium
Littleams akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti zomwe zili momwe ziliri pafupi kwambiri ndi momwe zimakhalira: kukula koyenera kwa "nyumba", m'mlengalenga momwemo, kutentha ndi mawonekedwe amadzi.
Kodi mumadziwa?Malo oyambira asodzi adapezeka ku khothi la olamulira achi China m'zaka za m'ma 1400. Awa anali malo osambira a porcelain, pomwe ma golide amkokamo pafupipafupi. Olamulira, powona mayendedwe awo osasunthika, adapumula pazovuta za ufumuwo, amasinkhasinkha ndikuika malingaliro ake.
Kuwala
Wamng'ono amakonda kuwala kowala kwambiri, mwachilengedwe amakonda kuwala kosiyana, komwe kumakonda kusokonekera kwambiri. Kuwala kwapakati pazomwe kumamuwongolera ndizomwe zimamuthandiza.
Madzi a nsomba amafunika madzi oyera okhala ndi magawo a acidity (6.8 - 7.5), ofewa okwanira 4-8 dGH, kutentha kuyambira 22 mpaka 26 ° C. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa zosefera zomwe, kuwonjezera pakuyeretsa madzi, zimayambitsa kunamizira kwa kutuluka.
Kudulira
Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yachilengedwe komanso yopatsa thanzi. Sidzangokhala zokongoletsera zokha, komanso malo abwino azakudya zachilengedwe. Dothi la utoto wakuda limawoneka wokongola, ndikupereka mawonekedwe abwino a nsomba.
Miyala
Mwa miyala, ndikofunikira kupereka zokonda za basalt ndi kukula kosaposa 3 mm. Izi zimakhala zotetezeka ndipo sizikhudza madzi am'madzi ndi zina zake.
Zomera
Ndi zomerazi, ndikofunikira kuti zisachulukane. Pansi pake, mabowo 2-3 amaikidwa ndipo mbewu zingapo zibzalidwe. Kupanga mthunzi wachilengedwe, mbewu zina zingapo zimakhala pamadzi. Pankhaniyi, echinodorus, javanese moss, cryptocoryne ndi Thai fern ndizoyenera.
Kudyetsa chikwakwa cha nsomba
Mwachilengedwe, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timadyetsa tinthu tambiri tomwe timagwidwa pafupi ndi madzi ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzi. Popeza nsomba zomwe sizili zazikulu, chakudya chake chizikhala chochepa.
Monga chakudya chamoyo, samalani:
- daphnia
- ma cyclops
- artemia
- crustaceans, magazi
- tizilombo tating'onoting'ono
- enkhitreusov
Pakalembedwe kouma, ma granules ndi ma flakes ndi abwino, ndipo kuchokera kumazomera, muzikonda sipinachi, duckweed, pinnate, masamba a dandelion ndi letesi.
Kugwirizana ndi nsomba zina
Nsomba zimakhala zamtendere kwambiri ndipo zimakhala m'mitundu yachilengedwe.
Ngati palibe masukulu a nsomba omwe adapezeka, chikwakwa chitha kuwonetsa kupsa mtima kwa mitundu yaying'ono yamitundu ina. Mu aquarium, amakhala akhama ndipo amagwirizana ndi anthu onse amtendere.
Kuswana
Achichepere amakula msanga ndipo ali okonzeka kale kubereka m'miyezi 8-10. Mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa kubereka kwawo ndi:
- kutentha - 25-28 digiri Celsius,
- kuuma kwa madzi - zosaposa 15,
- acidity - mkati mwa 6.2-7 mayunitsi.
Madzi amathiridwa mwatsopano kapena peat. Kukhazikika kwa peat kumayamwa madzi osungunuka kuti apange mawonekedwe a peat. Kuphatikizikako kumakakamizidwa masabata a 1-4.
Kuti mukhale ndi ana muyenera kukonzekera malo oyamba. Kwa izi, mphamvu ya lita 10-20 yokhala ndi ma mesh olekanitsa pansi ndiyothandiza. Omaliza amateteza mazira kuti asadye ndi makolo awo.
Kuswana
Pakuswana, ana ang'onoang'ono kapena gulu laling'ono la iwo limasankhidwa ndikuyika chidebe china. Akazi amayeseza kudzipatula kwa amuna kwa sabata limodzi mpaka X. Kuwaza nsomba kumakonda kuikidwa nthawi yamadzulo, ndipo pakatha masiku awiri kapena ngakhale m'mawa wotsatira, kutulutsa kumayamba.
Mazira 200-300 adzatulukira. Amamira mpaka pansi ndikumamatira masamba azomera. Kenako nsomba zimachotsedwa.
Ngati kutulutsa sikunachitike m'mawa wotsatira, kapena patadutsa masiku angapo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizigwiritsabe kwa aosos pang'ono. Koma simuyenera kuwadyetsa. Pamene, patatha masiku angapo, chozizwitsa sichinachitike, kubwereza njirayi.
Caviar ndiwokhutira kwambiri, kukhudza ndizoletsedwa.
Kusamalira Tetra Wamng'ono
Caviar mwachangu amawonekera m'masiku angapo. Amapachika pamasamba kapena magalasi. Amayamba kusambira masiku 2-5. M'masiku oyambira amoyo, mwachangu amadyedwa ndi infusoria, ma rotifers, cyclops nauplii ndi nematode ang'ono. Miyezi ingapo ya theka madzi amasungunuka amasintha kukhala kovuta.
Ndiosavuta kusamalira ndikubereka nsomba Zaching'ono. Ngati mukutsatira zofunikira zochepa ndikuwonetsetsa malo omwe akukhalako, ndiye kuti kukongola kwam'madzi kudzasangalatsa maonekedwe awo komanso kusewera kwa nthawi yayitali.
Aquarium yokhala ndi nsomba zakunja sizachilendo m'nyumba zathu, koma nthawi zambiri eni ake sakhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudza iwo kuti azisunga okhala m'madzimo.
Lero tikambirana za m'modzi mwa anthu odziwika kwambiri am'madzi - zazing'ono (za Hephessobrycon), phunzirani zamalamulo osunga ndi kuswana nsomba, lingalirani za chithunzicho.
Kufotokozera kwapfupi
Kachilengedwe kakang'ono ka Little ndi pakati komanso kumpoto kwa South America. Serpas, momwe nsomba amatchedwanso, amakonda malo osungirako ndi madzi osasunthika kapena opanda magetsi. Maonekedwe a ang'ono ndi osakumbukika, amasewera ndi mitundu yowala. Thupi lozungulira m'chigawo cham'mimba limakhala lokwera, pang'ono mpaka kumchira, kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 4. Mtundu wakuthupi wathunthu ndi wachikasu, ndimdima wakuda ndi cheza kumbuyo. Atangochotsa ma galainiwo pali malo ena akuda.
Oktoberny ndi zipsepete zazing'onoting'ono za mtundu wofiira, zikuluzikulu za porral - zofiira zowoneka bwino ndi zakuda pamphepete. Chovala chofiyira chofiyira chowala chimakhalanso ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wakuda, wocheperako pang'ono.
Chophimba chakumaso chakumaso kwa dorsal kumapeto kumakhala kofiyira komanso kosintha kumuda, nsonga nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi malire oyera. Nthawi zambiri, mawanga oyera amakongoletsa zipsepse zamkati ndi zophimba za gill. Serpas ndi nsomba ya hooligan, nthawi zambiri imakhala yankhanza kwa anthu ang'onoang'ono, izi zimayenera kukumbukiridwa posankha oyandikana nawo.
Kusankha ndi makonzedwe a aquarium
Littleams akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti zomwe zili momwe ziliri pafupi kwambiri ndi momwe zimakhalira: kukula koyenera kwa "nyumba", m'mlengalenga momwemo, kutentha ndi mawonekedwe amadzi.
Kodi mumadziwa?Malo oyambira asodzi adapezeka ku khothi la olamulira achi China m'zaka za m'ma 1400. Awa anali masamba osamba a mgodi momwe ma golide amkokamo pafupipafupi. Olamulira, powona mayendedwe awo osasunthika, adapumula pazovuta za ufumuwo, amasinkhasinkha ndikuika malingaliro ake.
Voliyumu
Lamulo lofunikira posankha aquarium ya exotic ndi pafupifupi malita 10 pa nsomba iliyonse. Popeza ana ndi anthu omwe akukhala m'gulu la ziweto, madzi okwanira malita 50 mpaka 70 ndi okwanira banja la nsomba zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Chophimba ndichabwino kuchokera pamwambapa, chifukwa nthawi izi kulumpha.
Kuwala
Wamng'ono amakonda kuwala kowala kwambiri, mwachilengedwe amakonda kuwala kosiyana, komwe kumakonda kusokonekera kwambiri. Kuwala kwapakati pazomwe kumamuwongolera ndizomwe zimamuthandiza.
Madzi a nsomba amafunika madzi oyera okhala ndi magawo a acidity (6.8 - 7.5), ofewa okwanira 4-8 dGH, kutentha kuyambira 22 mpaka 26 ° C. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa zosefera zomwe, kuwonjezera pakuyeretsa madzi, zimapangitsa kunamizira kutuluka.
Kudulira
Dothi limagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ngati zachilengedwe, zopatsa thanzi, zomwe sizingokhala zokongoletsera zokha, komanso malo osungirako mbewu. Ndikwabwino kusankha dothi la mtundu wakuda, lidzasuntha bwino nsomba.
Basalt yoyenera mpaka 3 mm (ikupezeka pamalo ogulitsira), imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'madzi, sizimakhudzanso madzi am'madzi kapena zina zake. Kuphatikiza apo, si ya utoto, wopanda poizoni komanso si wowopsa kwa nsomba.
Zomera
Ndi mbewu, chinthu chachikulu sikuti tizichita mopambanitsa, timafunikira nkhokwe, ndi kuwala, ndi danga. Mutha kuyala nkhono zingapo pansi, kubzala mbewu pansi ndikuyika zina pamadzi, zimapanga mthunzi wachilengedwe. Zomera zoterezi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito: echinodorus, Javanese moss, cryptocoryne, Thai fern.
Komwe kuli bwino kuyika aquarium mnyumba
Kukhazikitsa malo ogwiritsira ntchito nyumba nthawi zambiri kumakhala vuto: Ndikufuna kuti isakhale cholepheretsa kutenga malo, koma kuti ikapezeke mosavuta ndikukhala ngati chinthu chokongoletsa, kuphatikiza, malo ake ayenera kukhala abwino kwa okhalamo, osachepera malingana ndi kuyatsa.
Khomo lolowera siyabwino kwambiri, monga lamulo, mulibe kuwala kokwanira mmalo mwake, kuwonjezera apo, akatswiri sawalimbikitsa kukhazikitsa aquarium pazokonzekera.
Khitchini ndi njira yosayenera: pali chitofu, firiji, zida zina zamagetsi, kupatula kukhala khitchini yazinyumba zazikulu kapena nyumba zapadera, zokulirapo, ndi mawonekedwe osavuta.
Aquarium m'chipinda chogona ndi njira yowonjezera yopumulirako pambuyo pa tsiku lovuta, ngakhale malo ena achikondi. Pachipinda, muyenera kusankha mitundu yazosefera.
Njira yabwino ikakhala chipinda chochezera. Pano, aquarium yayikulu ikhoza kukhala chotchinga pakati pa madera ena, ikhoza kuyikiridwa mu niche ndikukongoletsedwa bwino.
Nthawi zambiri, chipinda chotsekera kwambiri chimagawidwa mchipinda chochezera, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mulinso malo okwanira kuti aikemo ndi kuwala. Simuyenera kukhazikitsa zowunikira zowonjezera.
Zodyetsa
Kusankhidwa kwa zakudya kwa akuluakulu ndi kwakukulu, amagwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamoyo, chochita kupanga ndi chisanu, chinthu chokha choyenera kulingalira: Wam'ng'ono ali ndi kamwa yaying'ono, chifukwa chake chakudya sichikhala chachikulu.
Nsomba sizingakane ziphuphu zowuma m'miyala, tizilombo, mavu wamagazi, enchitreuse, crustaceans.
Fry imadyetsedwa ndi ma ciliates, ma rotifers, nauplii.
Kodi mumadziwa?Aquarium woyamba wamasewera a galasi anapangidwa ndi wasayansi waku England Nathaniel Ward mu 1841. Tangiyo inali ndi kuchuluka kwa malita zana, imakhala ndi zomera ndi nsomba zomwe zimakhala m'madzi ozizira.
Kusamalira nsomba & Aquarium kuyeretsa
Kusamalira nsomba kumakhala ndi kudyetsa ndi kusambitsa nthawi yake pamadzi ndikusintha madzi. Akuluakulu samadyetsedwa mopitilira kawiri patsiku, mwachangu nthawi zambiri. Kutumizira zazing'ono ndi kuchuluka komwe kumadyedwa ndi iye mu mphindi 2-4.
Simuyenera kupereka chakudya chochulukirapo, chifukwa kudya kwambiri mafuta kumabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo izi zimakhudza kuthekera kwa kubereka ana. Ngati zakudya zili nthawi yomweyo, chikwakwa chimayamba kupindika.
Wamng'ono ndi nsomba yomwe imakonda kuyera; ikasungidwa, muyenera kuyang'anira kuyera kwamadzi, kusintha nthawi ndi nthawi. Ndi madzi osinthika pang'ono, ndikofunikira kukhetsa zosaposa gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu aumbili wonse, apo ayi kusintha kwakanthawi kwamadzi kumakhala chipsinjo cha ziweto.
Ngati mukuwonjezera madzi kuchokera pa ntchofu, kumbukirani kuti chikwakwa chimakhala m'madzi opanda phokoso, phokoso limatha kuwopsa, choncho ikani dzanja lanu pansi pa mtsinje wa madzi kuti lisagwe.
Kukonza kwathunthu kwa Aquarium kumadalira kukula kwake: kuchokera pa malita 100 - katatu pa sabata, voliyumu yaying'ono - kamodzi pa sabata. Musanatsuke, muzimitsa zonse zamagetsi.
Choyamba yeretsani zinthu zonse zopezeka: zokongoletsera, miyala ndi zina zambiri. Zitha kutsukidwa ndi chinkhupule kapena bulashi pansi pamadzi othamanga.
Zofunika!Mukamayeretsa, kumbukirani kuti mutabzala, echinodorus ndi mbewutocorins siziyenera kukhudzidwa kwa miyezi isanu.
Zachikasu ndi zovunda ziyenera kuchotsedwa ku mbewu ndi algae, ngati pakufunika kuziwazika.
Kuti muyeretse makhoma a gwiritsani miyala, gwiritsani ntchito zopangira kapena masiponji opangidwa ndi fiberglass. Ndikofunika kuyeretsa zotengera zokhala ndi masiponji ofewa kuti musakande. Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa nthaka pansi, imapeza zofunikira za ana, ndikugudubuza zidutswa za algae. Chizindikiro chakuti dothi ladziunjikira pansi likhala mabampu pomwe nthaka ikuyenda pang'ono.
Kuti muyeretse nthaka m'masitolo pali zida zapadera ndi payipi, mukamagula, lingalirani kukula kwa dothi lanu komanso kutalika kwa payipi ya chipangizocho.
Zofunika!Mulimonsemo, zigawo zonse za zida siziyenera kutsukidwa ndi mankhwala, sizitsukidwa kwathunthu, komanso zinthu zankhanza pazomwe zimapangidwa - kampani ya nsomba ndiyokayikira.
Onetsetsani kuti mwatsuka zosefera zomwe ziripo kale. Zipangizo zimasakanizidwa mosamala ndikutsukidwa ndi chinkhupule ndi madzi othinira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chovala kumino kuti muyeretse pamphuno.
Momwe mungasiyanitsire mkazi ndi wamwamuna
Nthawi zambiri, ana amakhala ndi thupi lofooka, koma chachikazi m'mimba ndimadzaza kuposa amuna. Ngakhale zimakhala zovuta kwa munthu wosazindikira kuti amvetsetse, popeza kusiyana kwa kapangidwe kake kumawoneka bwino asanayambe.
Kusiyana kwina kungakhale utoto: monga momwe zimakhalira zachilengedwe m'm mbalame, ndi zolengedwa, ndi nsomba, mtundu wamphongo nthawi zonse umakhala wowala kuposa wachikazi.
Momwe mungapangire zikhalidwe?
Zabwino kwa ana zimawonedwa monga momwe ziriri nkhalango zam'madzi zotentha. Chofunika ndi chiani?
Kutali kwakutali. Zotengera makumi atatu ndi zitatu ndizovomerezeka, koma mulingo woyenera ndi malita 10 a nsomba iliyonse kuchokera kusukulu. Payenera kukhala chivundikiro pamwambapa, chifukwa heratsin awa akulumpha.
Zomera. Mu aquarium muyenera kukhala zochuluka zithunthu zonse za mbeu, ndi malo posambira. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ana aang'ono amakonda magawo am'munsi ndi apakati a madzi.
Zomera zokhala ndi mizu zimabzalidwa pansi, ndipo mbewu zoyandama zimayikidwa pansi pamadzi. Echinodorus, Javanese moss, cryptocoryne, Thai fern idzakhala yoyenera.
Magawo amadzi. Madzi pawokha amayenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa 22-26 ° C (ndipo nsomba imatha kulekerera nthawi yake kutsika kwake), kuuma kwa madigiri 4-8, acidity ya 6.8-7.
Kusefera, kutchinga. Onetsetsani kuti mwakhazikitsa zosefera komanso zoyatsira. Zosintha zitha kuchitika sabata iliyonse, kuchotsa ndikuwonjezerapo gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a madzi. Hyphessobrycon yaying'ono imadzimva bwino m'madzi a peat.
Kuwala. Kuwala kwakukulu kuli pafupifupi ambiri.
Kudulira ndibwino kuti mutenge mtundu wakuda. Itha kukhala mchenga kapena miyala. Pansi pali mitengo yotsekera, yomwe imakongoletsa dziwe lanyumba ndikukhazikitsa malo osungira ana.
Kufalikira
Masana, ikani mkazi ndi "m'mimba" ndi wamphongo pamalo oyaza. Chizindikirocho chimayamba usiku ndikutha m'mawa. Caviar imamira, satsatira zida ndi zomera. Pamapeto pa awiriwo ananyamuka. Ophunzira nthawi zambiri amabweretsa mazira 250-300.
Mphutsi zimawonekera patsiku. Pa tsiku lachisanu amayamba kusambira ndikuyang'ana chakudya. Lumikizani kusefa.