Ku Primorye, pali mitundu makumi asanu ndi atatu ya zolengedwa zapadziko lapansi zomwe zili ndi maulalo asanu ndi limodzi. Chowoneka mosiyana kwambiri ndi zolengedwa zachuma kwambiri m'derali ndi kukhalapo kwa mitundu yambiri ya zolengedwa, zina zomwe zili pangozi komanso zolembedwa mu Red Book zamagulu osiyanasiyana, ndipo zina ndizosowa kwenikweni ndipo zimafunikira njira zapadera zotetezera.
Zopanda pake
Nyama zakale kwambiri zomwe zidasungapo zikhalidwe zingapo zakale zimaphatikizapo omwe akuimira mdongosolo lotetezedwa. Wachibale wapamtunda waku Europe ndi Ussuri mohrer yemwe amakhala ku Primorye *. Anthu omwe amatchedwa "Far East kapena Japan mole" ndi okulirapo ndipo amafikira unyinji wa 300. Kummwera kwenikweni kwa chigawo - m'chigawo cha Khasansky - pali mtundu wina wa mohair - Japan, womwe umalembedwa mu Red Book of Russia.
Mitundu yotsirizika ndi Amur hedgehog, yemwe samasiyana ndi mitundu ya ku Europe ndipo ali ndi mtundu wowala, chifukwa cha kupindika kwa singano zosapanga. Mwa mitundu isanu ndi inayi ya shrews, yosangalatsa kwambiri ndi mitundu yosowa kwambiri yotchulidwa mu IUCN ndi Russian Red Book - cholembera chimphona chomwe chimalemekeza dzina lake: misa yake imafika pa g 15. Nyama iyi ndiyosowa kwambiri kotero kuti palibe wamwamuna wamkulu yemwe wagwidwapo, ndipo palibe malo ambiri osungirako zinthu zakale padziko lapansi omwe angadzitamandire kuti ali ndi kope limodzi lakatali.
Matumba
Amphaka, kapena mileme, akuyimiridwa mu Primorsky Territory ndi mitundu 15 - yomwe mitundu yausiku, yautali, yoleza ndi yayitali ya Ikonnikov, yokhala ngati khungu ndi kum'mawa kwa khungu ndizochepa kwambiri, ndipo pali kutchulidwa kopitiliza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mitundu iyi ndi subspecies. Chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndi kuwonongeka kwa nyama m'malo obisika achilengedwe pansi - m'mapanga a karst komanso kuchepa kwa malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira ana - nyumba zakale, popeza madenga a nyumba zatsopano ndi osakwanira konse kupangika kwa magulu atsamunda.
Gulu lakale kwambiri, lomwe silinathe, gulu la milend ndi mphuno, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri m'malo am'mwera ndi Central Asia. Kum'mwera kwa Primorye kokha woimira gulu lino - a Ussuri yaying'ono tubonos *. Kummwera kwa chigawo cha Khasansky ndi dera lokhalo lomwe limakhala ndi mapiko ambiri ku Russia, lomwe limalembedwa ku Red Book of Russia. Tsoka ilo, dera lino, lomwe likufika mpaka anthu 1000, lidapangidwa m'malire ndi China ndipo pali umboni kuti lidawonongedwa pokhudzana ndi kugwidwa kwa malire a Russia ndi China. Mitundu yambiri yozizira kwambiri ndimakutu otuwa.
Zodzikongoletsera
Nyama zambirimbiri mchigawochi, monga momwe zimakhalira komanso kulikonse, ndi makoswe, oimiridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku mbewa yayitali yofanana ndi jerboa kupita kwa munthu wamba wokhala pansi paoror.
Kukongola kwa nkhalango ndi agologolo a Manchu *, womwe ndi gulu lalikulu lapadera la gologolo wamba. Tsitsi lakuda lalifupi, lofanana ndi agologolo m'chilimwe pofika Okutobala, limasinthidwa ndi imvi yakuda yozizira. Chochititsa chidwi pakupezeka kwa mapuloteni ndi chodabwitsa cha kusamuka kwazambiri: pazaka zakusowa chakudya, nyama zimayamba kusinthira grandiose kumadera opatsa zipatso. Pakadali pano, amatha kuwawona m'malo osayenera kwambiri - pakati pa minda, ndikutchetcha, m'midzi, pamiyala panjira ina.
Maonekedwe ake, amafanana ndi gologolo wagologolo, mawonekedwe ake ndi chikopa chophimbidwa ndi tsitsi lomwe limatambasulidwa ngati mawonekedwe a mbali ya thupi pakati pa miyendo yakutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Nyamayi sichichedwa kudumphira m'mitengo ngati gologolo, ndipo nthawi zambiri, ikukwera kumtondoyo, imatsika ndi miyendo yake kumbali. Poterepa, nembanemba yowonjezereka imakhala ngati mapiko a glider kapena parachute. Panthawi yokonzekera, gologolo wouluka amatha kusintha mwachangu komanso mokhazikika, ndipo mzere wowongoka, ndikuchepera, kuwuluka mpaka 100 m.
Makina ofala kwambiri ndi chipmunk *. M'nyengo yozizira, amagona, akuponya mabowo mu Okutobala - Novembala ndipo amadzuka m'March okha. Mu zaka za kuchuluka kwambiri komanso kusowa kwa chakudya, ma chipmunks amawoneka m'minda ndi minda yamasamba, zomwe zikuwononga kwambiri okhala m'deralo.
Mwa makoko ang'onoang'ono, ma buluu ofiira komanso ofiira, mbewa zaku East Asia ndi mbewa zimakhala m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitengo, ndipo m'malo otetezeka a dera lino muli nkhokwe yaku Far East, mbewa kumunda, mitundu iwiri ya hamsters - Daurian ndi makoswe. M mbewa yaying'ono kwambiri ku Primorsky Territory, unyinji wake osapitirira 15 g, ndi mbewa ya ana *, omwe, mosiyana ndi makoswe ena onse, samakumba mabowo, koma amakula zisa zotambalala, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayimitsidwa mu udzu wandiweyani kapena tchire.
Mwa zokolola ku Primorye, mitundu iwiri imakhala - hare yoyera ndi Manchu. Hare Manchurian imawoneka ngati kalulu: imakhala ndi mutu wambiri ndikufupikitsidwa, poyerekeza ndi haresi ena, makutu ndi miyendo yakumbuyo. Mosiyana ndi abale awo, mavu awa samateteza njira zawo konse, samayesa kuwerengetsa, koma yesani kuti muchokere pothamangitsa "mwachindunji", ndikuyendayenda pakati pamitengo yayikulu ya chisa. Ndipo kalulu uyu ali ndi adani ambiri - amagwidwa ndi nyama zonse zodyera kukula kuyambira mzati kupita ku nyalugwe, ngakhale weasel wocheperako amatha kuyamwa kalulu wazaka za sabata. Mtunduwu umasungidwa kwambiri m'mphepete mwa mapiri a mitsinje ndi kumapiri kwamapiri, komwe kumamera chinyezi.
Nyama za Artiodactyl za Primorsky Territory
Mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya nyama zakutchire za artiodactyl imakhala m'malo a Primorsky Territory: agwape ofiira (ofiira ofiira), Amur goral, agulu amtchire, agwape a musk, agwape abulu, elk ndi nkhumba zamtchire.
Chimodzi mwazosowa kwambiri ku Russia - goral * - chimapezeka kumapiri a Sikhote-Alin. Mtunduwu umawopsezedwa ndikuwonongeka ndipo udangopulumuka m'malo osatheka kufikako. Malo omwe mumakonda ndi miyala ikuluikulu yomwe imatsikira kunyanja. Kukongoletsa modekha mosadumphadumpha mopendekera, ndikupanga mofulumira kuthamanga mpaka mamita awiri. Zitsulo sizinasinthidwe kuti zizitha nthawi yayitali ndikuyesera kuti musachoke populumutsa miyala. Pakadali pano, chiwembu chonsechi chikuyerekezedwa ndi anthu 500-700, omwe 200 gorillas okha amakhala kunja malo otetezedwa. Kusaka ndikutsata phiri kwakhala koletsedwa kuyambira 1924, mitunduyi yalembedwa mu Red Book of IUCN ndi Russia.
Mtundu wina womaliza wa anthu osavomerezeka omwe adalembedwa mu Red Book of Russia ndi Ussuri la deer *. Utoto wa chilimwe wa nyama izi ndiwokongola kwambiri - mawanga oyera ambiri ali obalalika pazithunzi zowala za lalanje. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti Achichaina amatcha agwape "hua-lu", omwe amatanthauza "duwa la maluwa." Amakhulupirira kuti ku Primorye pali mitundu iwiri yazachilengedwe yamitundu yocheperako - nyama zamtchire ndi paki. Ndi gulu la agwape olusa omwe amatetezedwa ndi malamulo. Pakadali pano, nzika zachilengedwe zangokhala m'madera a Lazovsky ndi Olginsky, makamaka mu Lazovsky Reserve komanso madera oyandikana nawo. Zogwirizira, mosiyana ndi ma bovid (ng'ombe, mbuzi ndi nkhosa), zimasintha nyanga pachaka. Pa magawo oyambilira a kukula, mbawala zaimpamba zimakhala zofewa, zofundidwa ndi khungu losalala ndi tsitsi, pokhapokha ndi kugwa zimayamba kulimba. Nyanga zokhala ndi minofu yambiri zimatchedwa antlers ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonzekera mankhwala a pantocrine. Izi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zidapangitsa kuchotsedwa kwa mbawala zoyambilira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lino.
Nthenga zazing'ono zakale za musk * zimalemera mpaka 10 kg. Mosiyana ndi agwape ena ndi agwape a Manchurian, abambo a musk agwape alibe nyanga, koma ali ndi malekezero ofunda a 6-8 masentimita m'nthawi yayitali. Miyendo yakumbuyo ya nsagwada ndi yayitali kwambiri kuposa yakutsogolo, yomwe imamupangitsa kuti azilumpha mosavuta mpaka mamita 7. Ndi phazi lokhazikika, iye "akuyenda" ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, amapeza chakudya chake chofewa nthawi zonse (pamoto) pamitengo, atayimirira miyendo yake yakumbuyo, ndikupumula kutsogolo kwake. Amuna ali ndi mtundu wamtundu pamimba zawo, wotchedwa "cabaret river", womwe ndi thumba lofanana ndi dzira la nkhuku, lodzazidwa ndi misa yophika ngati bulauni ndi fungo la sulfure ether - musk, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, popanga zonunkhira kuti akonze fungo la zonunkhira.
Ponena za nyama zokhala ndi ziboda za Primorye, wina sangangotchulapo kagulu kakang'ono ka Ussuri ka nyama yakutchire *, yomwe imasiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina inayi yayikulu m'miyeso yayikulu. Kunja, nkhumba zamtchire zimawoneka ngati nkhumba yoweta. Ichi ndi nyama yayikulu komanso miyendo yolimba, yokhala ndi lamba wakutsogolo wopangidwa bwino, khosi lalifupi kwambiri komanso lalifupi komanso mutu wamphamvu, womwe umapanga pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwa thupi lonse. Pali zokoleza zamphongo zakale zomwe zimalemera mpaka 300 kg, ngakhale kulemera kwa nkhumba zamtchire, poganizira zazing'onozi, ndizochepa kwambiri, pafupifupi 70 kg. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Novembala, mpikisano umayambira ku nkhumba, ndikulimbana kwambiri ndi amuna. Ndipo ana a nkhumba amabadwa kumapeto kwa Marichi - Epulo, kukadali chisanu. Ana a nkhumba, atasiya chisa chomwe chapangidwa "gayo", kuyambira tsiku lachisanu akusaka chakudya pawokha mothandizidwa ndi amayi awo, omwe akupitilizabe kuyenda nawo mpaka kumapeto kwa chaka chamawa.
Ziwonetsero za Primorsky Territory
Oimira nkhokwezi amayimilidwa kwambiri m'derali. Mwachitsanzo, banja la feline limaphatikizapo mitundu inayi: akambuku, nyalugwe, lynx ndi mphaka wamtchire. Palibe chifukwa chofotokozera maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe a mphaka wamkulu kwambiri m'nkhalango za Ussuri - nyalugwe, lomwe lakhala mtundu wa chizindikiro cha Primorsky Territory. Chofunika kwambiri, mphaka wapaderayu ali pachiwopsezo.
Kafukufuku wocheperako wa nyalugwe amakhala ku Primorye, chiwerengero chake chakhazikika pamlingo wotsika. Kwa zaka zana zapitazo, kuchuluka kwa nyama zam'madzi za Amur * zasintha kwambiri: kuyambira kuchulukira kwambiri kwa zaka zam'tsogolo mpaka kutsika kwakukulu kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 30 ndi kumayambiriro kwa 40s, pamene nyama pafupifupi 20-30 zidatsala pagulu lonselo, kenako kuwonongeka kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono mpaka 1990, pomwe chiwerengero cha akambuku chitha kufika pamlingo wa anthu 300 - 350. Chochititsa chachikulu chomwe chidapangitsa kuti kambukuwo athe, ndikuzunzidwa mwachindunji ndi munthu, ndipo zomwe zidasinthiratu ndikusintha kwake ndikumayambitsa kutetezedwa kwambambo kwa nyalugwe ku Russia kuyambira 1947. Ngakhale palibe chowopseza pakufalikira kwa ma subspecies awa, tsogolo lake likupitilizabe kuyambitsa nkhawa. M'madera ambiri amchigawochi pamakhala kusamvana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu yayikulu ya omwe akuvutitsidwa ndi mdaniyo. Choyipa chofunikira kwambiri chinali kuwonjezeka kwa kuba, komwe kunayamba kuyambira 90s. mbiri yamalonda (zikopa, mafupa ndi mbali zina za akambuku akufa amagulitsidwa m'maiko ambiri a East Asia ngati zida zamankhwala zabwino). Pakadali pano, njira "yosungiramo nyama za Amur ku Russia" yatengera ndipo kuyesayesa kokulira kukuchititsanso kuti zinthu zisamachitike ndi nyama yodabwitsayi komanso yokongola iyi.
Chinyama china chomwe chili pangozi kwambiri ndi Far East, kapena Amur, nyalugwe *, womwe ndi kumpoto kwenikweni kwa mitundu yonse ya nyalugwe. Chiwerengero chake chimawerengedwa ngati chibadwa ndipo chimafuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zoyisungira ngati gawo lapadera mwazinthu zamitundu mitundu m'deralo ndi dziko lonse. Pakadali pano, palibe akambwe opitilira 50 m'derali ndipo asayansi akuyesetsa kupulumutsa nyamayi kuti isawonongedwe. Kulemera kwa nyalugwe sikudutsa 80 kg. Ali ndi ubweya wakuda wozizira wokhala ndi mitundu yowala: mawonekedwe akuda kapena akuda bii kapena amtambo wakuda amabalalika pazithunzi zofiirira. Kambuku amayenda ndikudumphadumpha popanda phokoso, ndipo mitundu yowala imangodzaza bwino nthawi yonse, chifukwa ndizosowa kwambiri kuti muwone izi, zocheperako, zomwe zimakhala ndi zofewa.
Mphaka wamtchire, tambala yaying'ono kwambiri ku Far East, ndiofala, koma alibe ambiri m'nkhalango za Primorye. Zomera zamtchire ndizokulirapo kuposa amphaka amphaka, zazimuna zakale zolemera 10 kg. Imadyedwa ndi makoswe, hazel grouse, pheasants, imaphwanya ana agwape ang'ono. Moyo wabisikawu, wamadzulo, ndipo umakhala tsiku lonse m'maenje, m'matanthwe, m'nkhalango zamtchire.
Mwa zimbalangondo, pali mitundu iwiri pano. Chimbalangondo chachiBrown, chimbalangondo chachikulu kwambiri ku Europe ndi Asia, ndicofalikira ku Ussuri Territory, ngakhale gawo lalikulu la malo okhala limapezeka pakati penipeni pa Sikhote-Alin. Nyama iyi imakhala nthawi yayitali kusaka chakudya, kudyetsa makamaka pazakudya zam'mera. Monga mukudziwa, bulauni limabisala, kugwiritsira ntchito mapanga nthawi yachisanu, yomwe ili pansi pa mtengo kapena kamphepo kamphepo kake m'nkhalango zowoneka bwino, makamaka m'malo otentha kwambiri, omwe amakhala kumapiri. Zimbalangondo zomwe sizikudya bwino kuti zikhale bwino nthawi yachisanu sizimazizira. Awa amatchedwa "ndodo zolumikizira", zomwe zimayendayenda mchira nthawi yonse yozizira kukafunafuna chakudya chilichonse, mpaka zakudya zotsala za nkhandwe. Amakumana ndi anthu osazindikira ndipo ndi owopsa pamsonkhano wa anthu.
Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan, chomwe chimatchedwa kuti chokhala ndi mawere oyera kapena chakuda, chimangogawidwa kum'mwera kwa Far East, kumakhala nkhalango zowoneka bwino. Amasiyana kwambiri ndi zimbalangondo zofiirira. Chovala chawo cha ubweya ndiwosakhazikika, chakuda chokhala ndi malo oyera pachifuwa monga mbalame yowuluka. Amuna akuluakulu a 200 kg ndi osowa, ndipo akazi nthawi zambiri samalemera 100 kg. Pafupifupi 15% ya miyoyo yawo, zimbalangondo za Himalayan zimatha pakati pa korona zamitengo, kudya zipatso, zipatso ndi mtedza. Kwa nthawi yozizira, amagona pakati pa Novembala, chisanu chisanachitike. Ma Dens amapezeka mumabowo a mitengo yofewa - popula kapena linden. Mu februwari, zazikazi zimakhala ndi zimbalangondo ziwiri, zocheperapo nthawi zitatu, magalamu 500 okha. Mitunduyi imaphatikizidwa ndi Red Book of Russia. Komabe, pakadali pano, njira yochepetsera chiwerengero cha mitunduyi yaimitsidwa ndipo zimbalangondo ku Primorye zakwera kwambiri.
Kuchokera ku banja la canine ku Primorsky Territory pali agalu a rrocon, mimbulu ndi nkhandwe. Woyimira wina wa banja lino - nkhandwe yofiira yalembedwa mu Red Book of IUCN ndi Russia. Kalelo chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri, gulu la mimbulu yofiyira nthawi zambiri limawonekera m'dera lonse la Russia, koma kuyambira 30s, kukumana kulikonse kwa nyamayi kwakhala kosatheka kwambiri. Kuwonongeka kwa mitunduyi ku Primorye kudakhala kovuta kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake m'dera loyandikana ndi China, kuchokera komwe, mwachiwonekere, panali mipikisano yopita ku Russia. Pakadali pano, Red Wolf silingaganizidwe ngati mitundu yokhazikika yazinyama za Primorye mpaka atatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi amtunda m'gawoli.
Zoyang'anira zazing'onoting'ono komanso zazing'ono pamiyendo yochepa komanso popanda kuphatikiza (badger, wolverine) wokhala ndi thupi lalitali kwambiri ndi oimira banja la ophedwa. Mu Primorsky Territory, banja ili likuyimiriridwa ndi mitundu 10. Badger, wolverine, sable, harza, weasel, ermine, solongoy, mizati, American mink ndi otter amakhala pano.
Ku Leopard Kakutali
Ambiri mwa anthuwa amakhala kudera la Russia, osankha malo okhala ndi mbiri yabwino. Maziko a zakudya zake ndi agwape ndi agwape. Mikango yaku Far East ili pachiwopsezo cha kutha konse. Pofika chaka cha 2017, ku Russia kunali anthu 87 okha.
Amur tiger
Uwu ndiye woyamba kudya mdera lino. Ndi tiger ya Amur yomwe imatetezedwa ndi boma motero idalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira.
Ichi ndi chilombo chokongola modabwitsa. Kuchuluka kwake kumafikira 200 kg, koma pali ena akambuku omwe amalemera kwambiri. Palibe amene anaganizapo za chifukwa chomwe kambuyo amakhala ndi mafuta pamimba yake.Ndikofunikira kuti nyalugwe izitha kupirira kutentha.
Ngakhale misa ake, ndiwokasaka wowopsa. Imagwira makamaka pa unulates monga: elk, red red ndi agwape. Kuphatikiza pa izo, imadyanso nyama zazing'ono. Malinga ndikuyembekeza moyo, nguluwe ya Amur imakhala zaka 15, koma ngati nyamayo yatengedwa ukapolo, ndiye kuti imatha zaka 5.
Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan
Mtundu wina wa nyama zolusa zomwe zimakhala m'chigawo cha Primorsky. Kulemera, chimbalangondo ichi ndi chachikulu kuposa masiku onse ndipo chimafika mpaka 500 kg.
Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan ndichabwino kwambiri komanso choyambirira. Zimamveka kuti wavala mkanjo wakuda wokhala ndi kolala yoyera. Mwanjira ina, amatchedwanso Chimbalangondo cha Ussuri.
Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri pamoyo wake. Amachita izi pofuna kupuma pantchito komanso kuti asamapikisane ndi nyama zina zolusa. Kumeneko amakhala ndi zakudya zabwino komanso midges yochepa kwambiri kuposa padziko lapansi.
Choyimira ichi chaopusa ndizokulira kwakukulu ndipo ngakhale m'chilimwe chimadziunjikira mafuta m'thupi. Ndiamene amathandizira chimbalangondo kuti chimve bwino panthawi yopuma.
Mikango
Woimira wamkulu wa gulu la mikango yam'nyanja. Imakhala m'miyala yam'miyala ndi zilumba, imakhala ndi moyo wofanizira. Amuna amakula mpaka 3.5 metres, kutalika kwake kulemera. Kubalana kumachitika chaka chilichonse, koma mitunduyi imalembedwa mu Red Book kuti ikuchepa.
Mphaka Wamtchire wa Amur
Ena amasokoneza izi ndi mphaka wamba. Izi sizili choncho. Ndizokulirapo kukula, ili ndi ubweya wokongola komanso wokongola, ma fangs ndi masharubu nawonso ndi osiyana.
Uyu ndiye wadyera kwambiri mwachilengedwe ndipo ngati woimira, mulimonsemo, amadziteteza ngati wina wamuukira. Ngakhale izi, mphaka wa Amur ndi wokongola kwambiri ndipo unyinji wake umafika 6 kg ndipo umakhala makamaka m'matanthwe.
Chinsomba cha Humpback
Wokhala munyanja yakuzama, amakonda madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja yopanda nsomba ndi anthu wamba pansi. Kutalika kwa thupi la anthu okulirapo kumatha kupitirira 17-18 m, koma nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 13-14 m. Chimodzi mwazinthu zosiyanitsa ndi mawonekedwe a dorsal fin ofanana ndi hump. Anangumi a Humpback amadziwika chifukwa cha phokoso lawo, lomwe limatha kudumphira m'madzi ndi matupi awo onse mokhazikika.
Kamchatka nkhandwe
Kumbali imodzi, zitha kuwoneka kuti izi ndi nyama wamba ndipo palibe china chake. Koma mdera la Primorsky Territory mutha kupeza mitundu ya nkhandwe. Uku ndi moto wa nkhandwe.
Amatchedwa chifukwa cha mtundu wake. Ndiwokasaka wodabwitsa ndipo amapeza mosavuta chilichonse chomwe angafune. Amadyetsa makoswe ndi mbalame zazing'ono. Ngati chanterelle sangathe kupeza chakudya pachokha, chimasinthira kuminda.
Nkhandwe yofiira
Mukayerekezera nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe ya moto, imawoneka yopindulitsa. Kupaka utoto sikukopa chilichonse chokha. Nthawi yozizira ikangofika, nkhandwe imadzala ndi tsitsi lakuda.
Monga mimbulu ina yonse, imalira m mwezi ndikusaka mulu wa mimbulu. Ili ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa zilombo zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha choncho zili M'buku Lofiira.
White-backed albatross
Amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu waukulu kwambiri wam'madzi m'dzikoli. Mapiko amatha kupitirira mamita 2. Mtunduwo ndi woyera kwambiri, pang'ono pang'ono chikaso pakhosi ndi pamutu. Mapiko ndi mchira m'malo akuda. Zimafika pamtunda pokhapokha pakubzala. Zomera zimakhala bwino pazilumba zam'nyanja. Zowonetsera kuti zachilengedwe zomwe zatsala pang'ono kuzimiririka, ndizotetezedwa ku Russia ndi Japan.
Amur Leopard
Nyamayi ili ndi dzina lapakati - kambuku yakum'mawa. Wosaka waluso, wogwirizana ndi moyo wamtchire, sakanatha kuletsa kupha anthu, zochitika za anthu komanso mitanda yokhudzana kwambiri.
Chiwerengero cha nyama ku Primorye chazizira kwambiri mpaka pakutha, palibe anthu oposa 85-90. Vutoli limakulitsidwa ndi kuswanitsa pang'ono pang'ono kwa anyalugwe: Akazi amabweretsa ana atatu amphaka kamodzi pakatha zaka zitatu.
Mikango ya achikulire imalemera 50-60 kg. Wovala ubweya wakuda wokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera oteteza kutentha. Mtundu wa ubweya wamba, wopangidwa ndi mawanga akuda pamchenga. Utoto wamtundu wa Kumpoto Kakutali ndiwofatsa kuposa wa abale akumwera.
Kambuku imasaka mkati mwa dera lake lalikulu 200-300. km Maukwati, nkhumba zakuthengo, ndi nkhalango za paini zimadyedwa. Zakudyazo zimakhala ndi tizilombo, ma amphibians, nsomba. Zakudya zamapuloteni zimapangitsa kuti nyalugwe akhale ndi moyo zaka 15.
Sterkh
Mtundu wa makoko omwe amakhala m'malo ochepa. Kutalika kwa mbalameyi ndi 140cm, mapiko ndi 2.3 mamilimita. Korani yaku Siberiya ndiyo mlomo wawutali kwambiri wamtundu wofiirira. Amadyanso chakudya cham'mera komanso chinyama. Zimatha kudya mazira ndi anapiye a mbalame zina. Zoweta Kum'mawa kwa Siberia.
Kadzidzi wa kadzidzi
Mbalame yayikulu kwambiri ndipo mapiko okha ndi omwe amafikira theka la mita ndikulemera kadzidzi anayi. Mitundu yamtunduwu imakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi madzi. Ngati nyama imagwera m'manja mwake, ndiye kuti sizophweka kusiya kale.
Ngakhale nthawi yozizira, chiwombankhanga sichimasowa kwina kulikonse. Mtunduwu watsala pang'ono kutha ndipo walembedwa mu Red Book.
Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan
Mwa mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya chimbalangondo cha Himalaya ku Primorye, wina amakhala - Ussuri chimbalangondo choyera. Chimbalangondo chimamva bwino m'masango otambalala kapena osakanikirana.
Nyama iyi ndi yaying'ono kukula kuposa mzake wa bulauni: imalemera makilogalamu 120-140. Imadyera zobiriwira, chakudya chamtchire, zoneneratu momwe zingathere, sizimanyoza kupsa. Amphamvu kwambiri, kuphatikiza anthu.
Chiwerengero chonse cha bear cha Ussuri ndi zolinga zikwi zingapo. Chiwerengero cha nyama chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kudula mitengo, kuwonongeka kwa nkhalango. Kummawa, ma paws ndi bile la nyamayo akufunika. Kuletsedwa kwa malonda a nyama zimbalangondo ku China kunali ndi zotsatira zabwino kwa anthu aku Far East a zimbalangondo zoyera.
Bakha waku Mandarin
Izi ndi mbalame zachilendo komanso zoseketsa. Ngati ndi chachimuna, ndiye kuti chimakhala ndi utoto wowala pamutu pa crest. Zachikazi zimawoneka zosavuta. Amakhala nthawi yayitali m'mitengo ikukhomera mazira. Sizoletsedwa kusaka abakha oterewa, monga momwe zalembedwera mu Buku Lofiyira.
Ngati mumakonda nkhani yanga Chonde nambala ndi like. Siyani malingaliro anu mu ndemanga. Musaiwale kulembetsa kutsamba kuti muzidziwa zambiri zatsopano. Zikomo kwambiri. Mpaka nthawi yotsatira.
Ngwazi zofiira kapena ngwazi za Manchurian
Uwu ndi mtundu waukulu waku Far East wa agwape ofiira. Unyinji wa wamwamuna umafika pa 300-400 kg, kutalika kwa thupi kufika 2 m, kutalika kwake kufota ndi 1.5 m. Akazi amakhala opepuka komanso ochepa.
Nyanga zazimuna zikukula kuyambira zaka ziwiri. Kasupe aliyense, kukula kwamafupa kumatayidwa ndikuyamba kukulanso. Kukula kwa lipenga kumachitika kuyambira Epulo mpaka Julayi. Potsirizira pake akubwera mchenjezi wankhondo mu August.
Ndikumaliza mapangidwe a nyanga mu Seputembara-Okutobala, nyengo yakukhwima imayamba pa mbawala ya Manchurian. Nyama imatsimikizira kulimba kwake ndi mphamvu ya kubangula komanso nyanga za nthambi. Nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala zokwanira kukhumudwitsa omwe akupikisana nawo.
Nawo olimbana nawo amafanana nkhondo. Amphongo amafika pakukopa kwawo wamwamuna ndi wazaka wazaka 6 mpaka 12; pa msinkhu womwewo, makamaka nyanga za nthambi zimamera. Monga nyama mibadwo, amasiya kukhala nthambi ndi mphamvu.
Manchurian hare
Chinyama chochokera ku banja la hare. Kulemera kwa kalulu sikupitirira 2.5 kg. Kunja kofanana ndi kalulu wamtchire: miyendo ndi makutu ndi ofupikirapo kuposa a kalawa wofiirira kapena woyera. Imapezeka kulikonse ku Primorye. Imakonda malo otsika okhala ndi mitengo yaying'ono ndi tchire.
Amadyetsa madzulo, usiku. Tsiku lonse limakhala m'malo obisika. M'nyengo yozizira, imakumba chisanu, makulidwe omwe imapangitsa kuti kudutsa komanso kwa nthawi yayitali kuonekere pamwamba. M'nyengo yotentha, kalulu amabala ana katatu, koma ana ndi ang'ono: 2-5 akalulu. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa adani, mahinji sakwanitsa kukwanitsa zaka 15.
Galu wa fodya
Predator, kunja kwambiri ndi raccoon, koma osati wachibale. Nyamayo imalemera pafupifupi 3 kg, ikulemera kwambiri nthawi yozizira. Zokhudza banja la canine. Kumpoto Kummawa ndiko galu komwe adabadwira; adawalembera ku Europe kuti achite malonda.
Miyoyo ndi kudyera m'malo otsika, pa matchire amphepete mwa mitsinje ndi mitsinje yodzala ndi tchire. Madzulo ndi usiku, amatola zodyetsera, amagwira amphibians, amabweretsa zisa ndikufufuza mitembo.
Woimira yekha wa agalu amalephera hibernation. Kuti muchite izi, kukumba ngalande, nthawi zambiri zimakhala pobisalira nyama zina. Amakhala ndikugona nthawi yozizira. M'nthawi yachisanu, kutentha kumatha kusokoneza.
Wamkazi amabweretsa ana agalu 5-7, nthawi zina ochulukirapo. Agalu sakhala nthawi yayitali: zaka 3-4. Ngakhale kuti galu ali pachiwopsezo, kukhalapo kwa adani ambiri, anthu Akummawa akutukuka, mtunduwo ukukulirakulira.
Amur hedgehog
Wanyama kuchokera ku banja la hedgehog. Zofanana kwambiri ndi hedgehog yokhazikika, ku Europe. Imapezeka paliponse, kupatula kumtunda wamapiri kumtunda kwa mamita 1000. Nyamayi ndi nthawi yamadzulo, usiku.
Imadyera ma invertebrates, imatha kusinthanitsa menyu ndi zipatso, ndipo, ngati mwayi, ndi mbewa yaying'ono. Amapanga pobisalira: dzenje losaya, chisa. Kupita kukazizira nyengo yachisanu. Pakumapeto kwa masika, hedgehog imabweretsa hedgehogs 3-5, zomwe zimakhala ndi amayi mpaka kugwa.
Mphaka wa Amur
Imodzi mwa masamba asanu amphaka wa Bengal. Amphaka amtchire a Amur kapena Ussuri - nyama za Primorsky Territory, nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo otsika pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Khanka. Amatha kuwoneka m'mbali mwa Nyanja ya Japan komanso kudera la Mtsinje wa Ussuri.
Nyama yolemera makilogalamu 5-6, imafanana ndi mphaka wambiri kukula komanso mawonekedwe. Mphaka wa Bengal ali ndi kambuku, mitundu ya Amur imasinthidwa kwambiri, osati yosiyana kwambiri. Mphaka wa Amur ndiwosaka bwino, akagwira makoswe, mbalame zakuthambo, mbalame. Ndi nyengo yabwino, amatha kukhala ndi zaka pafupifupi 17.
Nyanja
Wodya nyama yam'madzi, wozizira wochokera kubanja la zisindikizo zenizeni. Ichi ndiye chidindo chachikulu kwambiri chomwe chimapezeka pagombe la Russia. M'masiku osangalatsa, kulemera kwake kumatha kufika mpaka 350 kg. Imadyera m'madzi am'mbali mwa nyanja, pamalo okuya. Zakudya za hare za kunyanja zimaphatikizira zodutsa ndi nsomba zam'munsi.
Pazokwatiwa, si magombe omwe amasankhidwa, koma ayezi woyenda akuyenda. Kukopera kumachitika mozungulira Epulo, patatha miyezi 11-12, kamwana kamodzi kamtunda wopitilira mita. Zatsopano zimangodziyimira palokha: zimatha kusambira ndi kulowa pansi.
Kuti apange ana, ma seva am'madzi amatengedwa m'malo ena, koma sakhutitsidwa ndi malo omwe anthu amakhala ndipo amakhala kutali kwambiri. Kutalika kwa moyo wamawoko a nyanja ndi zaka 25-30.
Tangerine
Chisa chaching'ono cha abakha ku Primorye, Sakhalin, chimawulukira kumwera kwa China nyengo yachisanu. Chachikazi ndi chosawerengeka, champhongo chimavala zovala zokongola: chovala kumutu kwake ndi mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana. Monga zisa, amasankha mitsinje yaying'ono ndi nyanja.
Mosiyana ndi abakha ena, bakha wa mandarin amatha kupezeka panthambi za mitengo. Osawopa malo a anthropomorphic. M'madziwe amumzindawu ndi ngalande zimasungidwa ngati mbalame yokongoletsera. Pabwinobwino, bakha wa mandarin amatha kukhala ndi moyo woposa zaka 10.
Far East Stork
Mbalame yachilendo kwambiri, yochokera ku banja la agulu, ikukhala ku Primorye. Chiwerengero cha abulu ndi anthu 3,000. Chachikulupo kuposa mbawala yoyera ya ku Europe. Chimakhala chofanana ndi mtundu kupatula mulomo wakuda, pafupifupi wakuda.
Amanga zisa zake kutali ndi nyumba, pamiyala yachilengedwe komanso yopanga. Wamkazi amayikira mazira 2-5. Yaimuna imathandizira kudyetsa anapiye kwa akazi. Pangofika zaka zitatu zokha mbalame zazing'ono zomwe zimakula ndipo zidzakhala ndi ana awo.
Daur crane
Mbalame zosowa izi zinyama za buku lofiira m'gombe. Chiwerengero cha Far East ndi anthu pafupifupi 5,000. Mbalame yayikulu: yosachepera 2 metres, imalemera pafupifupi 5.5 kg.
Ku Primorye, imapezeka kwambiri pachilumba cha Khanka, m'mphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Ussuri. Kuphatikiza pa Primorsky Territory, imapezeka ku Transbaikalia, Khabarovsk Territory. M'nyengo yozizira, ntchentche zambiri zimakhala ku peninsula yaku Korea. Mbalame yowoneka bwino: ma grecens amadyera, agwira amphibians, tizilombo, nsomba.
Pa zaka 3-4 za moyo amapeza wokwatirana naye. Mabungwe ogwira mbalame samasokoneza moyo wawo wonse. M'malo otakasuka ,ikazi imamanga chisa chowoneka bwino, chimayikira dzira limodzi kapena awiri. Ngakhale kutalika kwazaka 20, kutukuka pang'ono komanso chidwi chamoyo zimasiya machitidwe aku Daurian atatsala pang'ono kutha.
Chiwombankhanga cha nyanja cha Steller
Chidyamakanda chowoneka bwino, chomwe chimapezeka ku Primorye m'malo oyandikana ndi Nyanja ya Japan. Zokhudza banja la hawk. Mbalameyi ndi yayikulupo, misa yake imatha kufika 7-16 kg.
Makina onse amtundu wakuda ndi wakuda ndi nthenga zoyera pamapewa, m'mphepete mwa miyendo. Zowoneka bwino za mchira, kubisa nthenga zazing'ono komanso zapakati nazonso ndi zoyera. Utoto wowoneka bwino, wosiyanitsa thupi samapezeka nthawi zonse: pali anthu a monochromatic.
Chiwombankhanga chimadya nsomba, makamaka nsomba. Amagwira mahatchi, nkhandwe, makoswe, samakana mnofu wa nyama zakugwa. Amanga zisa pafupi ndi madzi, pomwe amapiana 1-3.
Nsomba ku Pacific
Wodziwika bwino kwa asodzi ndi ogula, mtundu wamtundu wa nsomba womwe uli gawo la banja lalikulu la nsomba. Awa ndi nsomba zosamukira zomwe zimasintha njira ya moyo ndipo, ngakhale, mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe, kutengera nyengo yakukhala. Ma salimoni amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo mu nyama ndi caviar. Gulu la Pacific likuphatikiza:
- Salimoni yapinki. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa nsomba izi ndi 2 kg. Salmon yojambulapo-yolemekezeka imalemera 7 kg.
- Chum. Kulemera kwa nsombazi kumafika pa ma kilogalamu 15. Akazi olemera kwambiri olemera kwambiri amalemera makilogalamu 20.
- Coho nsomba Zimalemera pafupifupi 7 kg. M'madzi amapanga mawonekedwe okhalamo, kukula kwake ndi kulemera kwake ndi kocheperako.
- Sima. Kulemera kwa nsomba kuli mkati mwa 10 kg. M'mitsinje ya Primorye, Khabarovsk Territory amapanga kanyumba kakang'ono kokhala. Anthu akumderali amadzitcha heto.
- Nsomba ya Sockeye. Nsomba ili ndi dzina lina - lofiira. Nyama yake si yapinki, ngati nsomba zonse, koma mtundu wofiirira. Amalemera pafupifupi 3 kg.
- Chinook nsomba. Kutalika kwa anthu akuluakulu kumafikira 1.5 m, ndipo kulemera mpaka 60 kg. Amuna amapanga fomu yocheperako. Kufikira zaka 2, amapsa mumtsinje, osadumphira munyanja, pambuyo pake amatenga nawo gawo pakuswana.
M'moyo wa salmonids ambiri, pali magawo awiri akuluakulu: nyanja ndi mtsinje. M'nyanja, nsomba zimakula, nthawi yosasitsa imatenga chaka chimodzi mpaka zaka 6. Atafika kukhwima, nsomba imakwera mumtsinje kuti ikapitilize genus. Nsomba zamchere ku Pacific zimasankha mitsinje komwe idabadwira kuti ikwaniritse. Pakadali pano, palibe nsomba imodzi yomwe sipulumuka pambuyo pokutana ndi mazira.
Njoka ya Amur
Njoka yayikulu kwambiri osati ku Far East, koma ku Russia konse. Kutalika kwake ndi mamita 2. Mbali yakumbuyo ya njokayo idapakidwa bulauni kapena lakuda. Pansi, chamkati, chamkamwa, chamawanga. Thupi limakongoletsedwa pamodzi ndi kutalika konse ndi mamba owala kapena achikasu. Pali anthu akuda, amakhwala.
Njokayo imapezeka munkhalango ndi malo opondaponda kudera lonse la Far East. Amangokwera m'mbali mwa phirilo mpaka pamtunda wa mamita 900. Pofunafuna chakudya amayendera madera achikunja, amalowa nyumba zomangidwa, ndikunyamuka kumitengo.
Zakudya zachikhalidwe cha njoka: makoswe, achule, maula. Kutha kukwawa kudutsa pamitengo kumakupatsani mwayi woti mupeze mazira a mbalame ndi anapiye. Njokayo si yoopsa, koma imakola nyama yayikulu isanameze. Njoka imasaka masana. Imabisala usiku, imagwera makanema oimitsa nyengo yachisanu.
Zambiri mwala
Njoka yochokera ku banja la njoka. Kutalika kwake, zofananira zazikulu kwambiri sizidutsa masentimita 80. Mutu wowonetsedwa bwino umakutidwa ndi mbale, zishango. Mbali yakumapeto ya thupi ndi yofiirira. Mimba imapakidwa utoto wosiyanasiyana: kuchokera imvi mpaka pafupifupi yakuda. Pafupifupi thupi lonse ndi mikwingwirima yosiyanako.
Phokoso limapezeka paliponse ku Far East. Pali malo osiyanasiyana ku Primorye: kuchokera kumadera otsetsereka kupita kumapiri otsetsereka, mpaka okwera mamita 3,000. Njoka ndi yocheperako komanso osati yoopsa. Zotsatira za kuluma zimadutsa patatha masiku 5-7.
Taloned Newt
Mitundu yayikulu ya triton, kutalika kwake kumafika 180 mm.Amakhala m'mitsinje ndi m'mitsinje yoyenda mkungudza ndi nkhalango zosakanikirana. Zokongoletsera zimayeretsa, madzi ozizira. Pansi ndi gombe ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi mchenga wopota ndi miyala. Dothi loterolo limathandizira chatsopano kubisala: ngati pachitika ngozi, imalowetsa gawo lapansi.
Nyama zatsopano zimadya tizilombo, ma mollusks. Zogwira kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala. Mu nthawi yophukira, atsopano amabala magulu azithunzi zowola, maenje ndi ming'alu ya m'magulu m'magulu: akukonzekera hibernation. Zithunzi zoyimitsidwa nthawi yozizira zimatha mpaka kutentha kwampweya ndi nthaka.
Zida zam'mawa zakutali
Wodwala wopanda mchira wa kutalika kwa masentimita 5. Pa banja, oterewa amatchedwa achule. Koma ma vents ali ndi kusiyana: sagwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo ngati chida chachikulu chogwira tizilombo. Amagwira nkhomaliro zam'madzi ndi zapadziko lapansi ndi nsagwada zawo, kudzithandiza okha ndi kuwonekera kwawoko.
Zida zamtundu wamtundu zili ndi chinthu chinanso: kuwopseza adani, khungu lawo limakhala poizoni. Amatchedwa bombesin ndipo amayambitsa, ngakhale pang'ono, mkwiyo wa mucosal. Nyama zazing'ono zimatha kufa. Zovala zowoneka bwino zaphokoso zikuchenjeza anthu omwe angadye matenda omwe ali ndi poizoni kuti ndi oopsa.
Kutetezedwa kwa nyama zamtchire ku Primorsky Territory - Osangokhala ndi chidwi ndi nyama zazikuluzikulu ndi zoteteza zitsamba, ndizoteteza, kuphatikiza zazing'ono ndi zophimba zazing'ono.
Ma ibis okhala ndi miyendo yofiyira
Ndizotsatira za Ciconiiformes, imadziwika kuti ndi nyama yomwe ili pangozi. Mtundu wa nthenga za mbalameyo ndi yoyera ndi utoto wapinki. Mutu pafupi ndi mulomo ndi wofiyira, m'malo ano opanda nthenga. Pali pang'ono kachitsulo kumbuyo kwa mutu. Mbalamezi zimakhala pafupi ndi malo osungira, popeza chakudya chomwe amakhala m'madzi am'madzi, nyama zam'madzi komanso nsomba.
Nkhono za Okhotsk
Mbalame yamtundu wapakatikati, yotalika masentimita 32. Kunja kumafanana ndi sandpiper. Ili ndi mlomo woonda wokhotakhota, miyendo yayifupi ndi nembanemba pakati pa zala zitatu. Zomera pafupi ndi dambo, nyanja ndi matupi ena amadzi. Amadyanso nsomba ndi tizilombo. Chiwerengero cha mbalame ndi chotsika kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake mitunduyi yalembedwa mu Red Book osati la Russia, komanso mayiko ena, makamaka Japan ndi South Korea.
Dothi louma
Amatengera mtundu wa atsekwe. Kukula kwakukulu, kulemera kumatha kufika 4-5 kg. Chizindikiro chakunja ndi mkamwa wamtali. Mtundu wauma pathanthwe, pali zofiirira, nthawi zina. Amakhala m'mapiri ndi maponda. Tizilombo timapezeka pafupi ndi mitsinje ndi nyanja. Maziko ake amadya. Amadyanso zipatso ndi singano za larch.
Ussuri amawomba newt
Wachiwiyani wocheperako amakhala m'mitsinje yozizira yamapiri oyenda pakati pa nkhalango zowerengeka komanso zosakanikirana za Primorsky Territory. Kutalika kwake, pamodzi ndi mchira wake, imatha kukula mpaka 18,5 cm. Zimasaka tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi ma mollusks. Chifukwa chosowa mapapu, imapuma pakhungu ndi kudzera mucous membrane wamkamwa.
Chifwamba chakum'mawa
Amakhala m'madzi oyera okha. Kutalika kwa carapace pafupifupi ndi masentimita 25. Chifukwa cha nsagwada zamphamvu, zakuthwa, zimagwira bwino ngakhale ndi nsomba yayikulu, ndikuluma pamutu pake. Ili ndi munthu wankhanza, iluma kwambiri.
Zodula mitengo
Thungwe lalikulu limakula mpaka masentimita 11. Mtundu wake wa khungu ndi wakuda kwambiri, elytra brownish. Amakhala m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi zopaka, mphutsi zakhalira nkhuni. Imadyera pang'onopang'ono pamtengo ndipo imagwira ntchito masana.
Bumblebee wosowa kwambiri
Kutalika kwa kachiromboka sikupita masentimita 1.7, thupi limakutidwa ndi tsitsi laimvi, nthawi zina limakhala ndi tint yachikasu. Amakhala m'malo okhala udzu wamaluwa, pomwe imadyera yokha ndikudya masamba a mphutsi ndi timadzi tokoma ndi mungu. Zatsala pang'ono kutha chifukwa cha kuchepetsedwa ndi anthu komwe kumapangitsa kuti zinthu ziwonongeke.