Fretta yaku Africa ndi yofanana kwambiri ndi ku America skunk. Nyama yaying'onoyo ili ndi mtundu wamizere, ubweya wake ndi wautali komanso wofewa kwambiri. Ma trokees aku Africa ali ndi nsapato zazitali kwambiri komanso zakuthwa pamphumi pawo, ndizoyenera kukumba ndi kukwera mitengo.
Zorilla amakhala ndi moyo wapadziko lapansi, koma amatha kusambira ndikukwera mitengo. Nthawi zambiri zorillas zimakhala zokha. Zochita zarette wa ku Africa zimawonetsedwa usiku. M'malo mwake, masana, corilla imabisala m'matumba a nyama zina, kapena mwa iyo. M'malo owopsa, tsitsi la thupi la munthu wina waku Africa limadzuka ndipo matumbawo amawaza mdani chinsinsi cha kununkhira kwamankhwala.
Ferret wa ku Africa ndiwocheperako. Chifukwa chake, kutalika kwa thupi ndi pafupifupi 28-8cm, ndipo kutalika kwa mchira ndi 25-30 cm. Thupi la corilla ili ndi mawonekedwe, mikono ndi yochepa.
Kufotokozera kwa Zorilla
M'mawonekedwe, African ferret amafanana ndi skunk kapena kavalidwe waku America. Ubweya wa nyama ndi yofewa komanso yayitali. Miyendo yakutsogolo imatha ndi zibanga zazitali komanso zowala, mothandizidwa ndi Zorilla kukumba pansi, zimamuthandizanso kukwera mitengo.
Amuna a Zorilla ndi akulu pang'ono kuposa zazikazi. Kukula kwa mchira wozungulira wokhala ndi masentimita 28,5 mpaka 38,5, kutalika kwa mchira ndi masentimita 20.5-30. Amuna amalemera magalamu 681-1460, ndi akazi 596-880 magalamu.
Mtundu wakumbuyo wakumbuyo ndi wakuda, mizere 4 yoyera yodutsa kumbuyo, chifukwa chake mitsempha yayitali imakhala yopyapyala. Mtundu wa motley wa zoyera 3 umapangidwa pamutu. Mchirawo ndi wandiweyani, pansi pake ndi wakuda ndipo pamwamba ndi loyera. Thupi lotsika limakhala lakuda.
Khalidwe labwino la ku Africa
Zorillas amatha kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, koma amakonda malo otseguka komanso malo osanja. Amapewa nkhalango zowirira nthawi zonse.
Awa ndi nyama zokhazokha zomwe zikuyenda mwayekha. Zingwe zamizeremizere zimagwira usiku, pokhapokha zimatha kuwoneka dzuwa likatuluka kapena dzuwa litalowa. Masana, zorillas amabisala mumabowo omwe amakumba okha. Nthawi zina amathawira ku mitengo yopanda kanthu, miyala yamiyala ndi pakati pamizu.
Nthawi zina ma zorillas amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zimbudzi zazinyama zina.
Nthawi zambiri, zipatso za ku Africa zimapezeka kumabusa achilengedwe kumene ziweto zakuthengo kapena zoweta. Ng'ombe zimawopseza tizilombo tambiri tambiri tambiri tomwe timabisala, ndipo ma zorillas amagwiritsa ntchito nyama imeneyi kugaya pa orthoptera, kafadala, ndi mphutsi za tizilombo. Kuphatikiza apo, pamakhala manyowa ambiri pabusa, ndipo kafadala ndimakhala momwemo, omwe amakonda kwambiri milozo.
Zakudya zaku Africa ndizopanda chakudya, ndipo sizimangodya tizilombo tokha, makoswe, mavu, njoka, mazira a mbalame, ndi zina zotero zimaphatikizidwa muzakudya zawo. Ngati palibe chakudya chokwanira, ndiye kuti ma zorillas amatha kudya zovalazo.
Zorilla ikakhala pamalo otseguka, nthawi zambiri imayima kapena kusintha njira, kusuntha mwachangu kupita kumalo atsopano. Mbawala ya ku Africa imasinthira kwina kwake nthawi yomweyo. Makamaka, amachita izi kuti apewe kugwidwa kuchokera kumbali ya wolusa, makamaka kwa mbalame zomwe zimapanga mlengalenga kuchokera kumtunda.
Ngati galu kapena mdani wina akaonekera, strret strret imabweza tsitsi lake, ndikukweza mchira wake, ndikugwiritsa ntchito chida chake - chinsinsi chamtundu wa kununkhira ndi fungo lamphamvu. Chinsinsi ichi chimabisidwa ku tiziwalo tatsamba. Ma zorillas onunkhira amadzimadzi amatha kuwombera molondola, ngati ma skunks, pamtunda wautali.
Ngakhale fungo la chinsinsi ichi siliri lamphamvu komanso lowonongeka monga la skunks, lilinso losasangalatsa komanso lolimbikira. Ngati palibe pothawira ndi kubisala, ndiye kuti mdani akaukira, a Zorilla amadzinenera kuti amwalira.
Adani akuluakulu a zorillas ndi mbalame zazikulu zakudya, agalu amtchire ndi carnivores akuluakulu.
Ali mu ukapolo, nyama izi zimakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 15.
Kubala mikwingwirima
Nthawi yakukhwima ku zorillas imawonedwa kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Kugwirizana kwa nyama izi sikunaphunzire. Zorillas zachimuna nthawi zonse zimakhala zankhanza kwa wina ndi mnzake. Ndipo anthu enawo amalolerana wina ndi mnzake munthawi yakuswana. Njira yokhwima yomwe imakhala ndi mitsempha imatha mphindi 60-100.
Yaikazi imakhala ndi zinyalala chimodzi mchaka, koma ana onse akamwalira ali aang'ono, amatha kubereka mwana wina kumapeto kwa nthawi yakukhwima. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi masiku 37. Kuchokera pa khanda 1 mpaka 4 limawonekera, koma makamaka pali ana atatu.
Tizilombo tatsopano tomwe timalemera magalamu 12-15. Achinyamata mu nyama zazing'ono amawonekera patsiku la 33, ndipo maso amatseguka patsiku la 40 zokha. Yaikazi imadyetsa ana ake mkaka kwa miyezi 4-5, ngakhale kuti achichepere amatha kusaka tizilombo kuyambira pa milungu 9 yokha. Kutha msanga mu zodetsa zaku Africa kumachitika pakatha milungu 20-30, koma izi zimangogwira ntchito mwa akazi, komanso amuna okhwima pambuyo pake.
Mtundu wa ferret wa ku Africa
African ferret ili ndi mtundu wowala, wophatikiza mitundu yakuda ndi yoyera. Pambuyo pa maso, komanso pakati pawo, pali mawanga oyera omwe amasiyanitsidwa ndi chingwe chakuda. Malangizo a makutu ndi oyera kwambiri. Malingaliro akutali akuda amathamangira kumbuyo kumbuyo kozungulira. Mosiyana ndi izi, mbali yakumbuyo, muzzle ndi mbali yamkati ndi yakuda.
Malo okhala ndi malo okhala
Zorillas ndi mitundu yazonse. Nyama izi zimapezeka pafupifupi kudera lonse la Africa. Ma Zorillas nthawi zambiri amasankha malo okhala osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, polecat imatha kupezeka kuthengo, komanso savannah. M'malo mwake, m'nkhalango zowirira komanso zobiriwira, nyamazi sizipezeka.
Hunt ndi African Ferret
Zorillas ndi carnivores. Kwambiri amadya makoswe, tizilombo tambiri, mavu. Nthawi zina amatha kuukira njoka kapena chisa cha mbalame. Munthawi yanjala, thovu lingathe kudya.
Phindu ndi zovuta za zorillas kwa anthu
Zorillas imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa makoswe ochepa; Pa msipu, mizere yokhala ndi mikwingwirima imalepheretsa mphutsi zambiri kudya zipatso, masamba ndi masamba a mbewu zobzalidwa.
Ziwawa za ku Africa zimatha kuvulaza anthu zikafuna nyama zazing'ono zapakhomo, monga nkhuku ndi akalulu, komanso zimadyanso mazira a nkhuku.
Adani a My Ferret
Adani amtundu wa ku Africa kuno ndi agalu, mbalame zazikulu zodyera, komanso nkhokwe zazikulu. Akawona galu, zorilla imaphwanya tsitsi lake, ndikuwukitsa mchira wake, kenako ndikupereka chinsinsi chovuta kwambiri chosasangalatsa. Ndiyenera kunena kuti kununkhaku ndikwaphokoso kwambiri, kosasangalatsa komanso kolimba.
Zosangalatsa
Fungo lomwe limatulutsidwa ndi ma African ferrets (zorillas) ndilamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti limatha kumveka patali pa radius ya 1.6 km. Mtunda uwu umafanana ndi minda isanu ndi iwiri ya mpira. Ndizodabwitsanso kuti pali mafuko aku Africa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito fungo losasangalatsa ili la Zorilla ngati fanizo la mizimu panthawi yosaka.
Modabwitsa, nyama izi nthawi zina zimatha kunamizira kuti zafa. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika nthawi zomwe zimakhala pachiwopsezo cha kufa. Zikuwoneka kuti ndikosavuta kuti nyama zomwe zimakonda kudya zisafike pafupi. Kupatula apo, ndi malo omwe nyamayo imawoneka yopanda chitetezo. Komabe, pofikira nyamayo, nyama yamphongo imayamba kununkhiza fungo lamphamvu ndikusankha kusiya nyama yodabwitsayi yokha.
Machitidwe a thupi
Zingwe zazingwe zimakhala zazitali masentimita 60-70, kuphatikiza michira yawo, ndi masentimita 10-15 (3.9-5.9 mu) wamtali, pafupifupi, mpaka mapewa awo. Amalemera kulikonse kuyambira 0,6 kg (1,2 mapaundi) mpaka 1.3 kg (2.9 mapaundi), nthawi zambiri amuna ndi omwe amakhala akulu kuposa akazi. Mitundu yawo imasiyanasiyana malingana ndi malo. Monga lamulo, zimakhala zakuda pansi pa thambo, zoyera mchira, ndi mikwingwirima yogwira kuyambira kumitu yawo kutsikira kumbuyo ndi masaya. Miyendo ndi miyendo zakuda. Zovala zawo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazitali mamilimita (2.2), ndipo zimakhala ndi chophimba kumaso, nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi malo oyera pamutu pawo, ndi makutu oyera. Masks awa amakhulupirira kuti ndi chenjezo kwa omwe angatenge adani kapena adani ena.
Zakudya
Monga momwe ofera ena amafera, milozo yamtambo imakhala yosangalatsa. Ili ndi mano 34 lakuthwa, omwe ndi oyenera kudula thupi ndikudula nyama. Zakudya zake zimaphatikizapo makoswe angapo, njoka, mbalame, amphibians ndi tizilombo. Chifukwa cha mimba yawo yaying'ono, amayenera kudya pafupipafupi komanso ali ndi miyendo yoluka kuti iwathandize kukumba m'matope posaka chakudya chotsatira.
Genus of African Ferrets = Ictonyx Cairo, 1835
Mitundu yokhayo yamtunduwu: Ictonyx striatus Perry, 1810= Zorilla kapena Ferret wa ku Africa.
Makulidwe ake ndi ochepa. Kutalika kwa thupi 28-31 masentimita, kutalika kwa mchira 25-30 cm. Thupi limakhala lalitali, miyendo ndiyifupi, mchira umakhala ndi tsitsi lalitali. Mutu wake ndi waukulu, makutu ndi ang'ono, owala kwambiri, ozunguliridwa. Mtambo wamtambo ndiwokwera, wosalala komanso wocheperako.
Mtundu wake ndi wowala, wophatikiza mitundu yoyera ndi yakuda. Pambuyo pa maso ndi pakati pawo pali zoyera mawanga, olekanitsidwa ndi chingwe chakuda kudutsa pamlingo wamakutu kuchokera kumunda wa occipital yoyera. Nsonga zamakutu ndi zoyera. Mikwingwirima yayitali yakuda imathamangira kumbuyo ndikulimbana ndi maziko oyera. Gawo lakumunsi la mbali za thupi, mbali yakumaso ndi chizungulire chonse, kupatula mawonekedwe oyera pamwambapa, ndi lakuda. Tizilombo tatsamba timene timapangidwa bwino.
Kugawidwa ku Africa kuchokera ku Senegal, North Nigeria, Sudan, Ethiopia kumwera kwa Republic of South Africa. Imapezeka ma biotopes osiyanasiyana.
Amakhala ndi moyo wapadziko lapansi, koma amakwera mitengo bwino ndikusambira. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokha. Yogwira usiku. Amakhala tsiku lonse m'makola a nyama zina kapena zawo. Pakachitika ngozi, tsitsi lalitali m'thupi limadzuka ndipo chinyama chimakonkha chinsinsi cha fungo losasangalatsa la mdani. Mungamayesenso kuti ndi wakufa.
Amadyanso nyama zazing'ono zosiyanasiyana, komanso tizilombo touluka, zokwawa ndi mazira a mbalame. Mu zinyalala - 2-3 ana.
Moyo ndi kubereka
The striped ferret ndi chilengedwe chokha, nthawi zambiri kumangolumikizana ndi mamembala ena amtunduwu m'magulu ang'onoang'ono kapena pofuna kubereka. Ndi moyo wosaka usiku, kusaka usiku kwambiri. Masana, amakumba mu burashi kapena kugona m'matumba a nyama zina. Nthawi zambiri, mitsempha yopyapyala imapezeka m'malo omwe anthu ambiri amakhala, chifukwa cha mtengo wotsika kwambiri womwe umakonda kuyenda ndi izi herbivores.
Mimba ikatha, nthawi yayitali pakatupa kwa strread imatha milungu inayi. Pakadali pano, mayiyo amakonzera chisa chake ana ake. Zowawa zatsopano zidzakhala zosatetezeka konse, amabadwa ali akhungu, ogontha komanso amaliseche. Pafupifupi 4:59, ana amabadwa mu zinyalala nthawi yachilimwe. Mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zitha kuthandizidwa nthawi imodzi chifukwa amayi ali ndi nipples zisanu ndi imodzi. Amayi adzateteza ana ake mpaka azitha kudzidalira okha.
Magiya oteteza
The striped ferret ndi nyama yankhanza komanso yamtunda kwambiri. Amalemba dera lake ndi ndowe zake komanso kudzera mu utsi wankhungu. Utsiwo umateteza ku zilombo, chimodzimodzi ndi ogwidwa ndi ma skunks. Utsi, womwe umatulutsidwa ndi timinyewa ta kununkha, umachititsa khungu adani ake kwa kanthawi ndipo umakwiyitsa nembanemba ya mucous, chifukwa chakuwotcha kwambiri. Asanalaze mdani ndi madzi owopsa, milozo yamizere imakonda kukhala yolumikizika (kumbuyo) yokhala ndi kumbuyo kwamizere, kumbuyo komwe kumayang'anizana ndi mdani ndi mchira wake mlengalenga.
Kulumikizana
Zingwe zamingwe zimadziwika kuti zimalumikizana wina ndi mzake pogwiritsa ntchito mawu osiyanasiyana ndi mafoni. Mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chenjezo kwa omwe amadyera, mpikisano, kapena adani ena kuti atuluke. Kufuula kwamisasa yayikulu amadziwika kuti akuwonetsa mkwiyo wanthawi yayikulu kapena kutsanulira komweko mwaukali. Kulira kwamphamvu mpaka kotsika kamene kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka kudzipereka kapena kugonjera kwa wotsutsa. Kufunsaku kunadziwika kuti kumayendera limodzi ndi kutulutsidwa kwa wochotsa pambuyo pake. Kumbali inayi, kuyimbira kwanyimbo kumamveka ngati mawu ochezera. Kuyimbirana maukwati ndi njira zambiri zolankhulirana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Pomaliza, zofunikira zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mafoni ndi ma siginito ogwiritsa ntchito akakhala ndi zaka zapakati pa zaka 13, kutanthauza kutaya mtima kapena chisangalalo, kutengera ngati mayi kulibe kapena kulibe.
Zorilla kapena African Ferret Ictonyx striatus
Zorilla, Zorilla, milozo polecat. = Ictonyx striatus (Zorilla nthawi zina amatchedwa striped ferret). Dzinalo "Zorilla" ndi liwu locheperako, lochokera ku liwu la Chispanya "zorro", lotanthauza "nkhandwe." "Polecat" ndi mawu osachokera, koma amatanthauza chinyama - mwanjira inayake osati mphaka.
Maonekedwe ambiri. Imapezeka pafupifupi kudera lonse la Africa kumwera kwa Sahara: kuchokera ku Senegal ndi Nigeria kupita ku South Africa.
Ichi ndi cholengedwa chokhala ndi mitundu yotambalala, chofanana ndi kavalidwe kapena, makamaka, skunk waku America. Ubweya wake ndi wautali komanso wofewa. Ma Zorillas amakhala ndi nsapato zazitali zakuthwa pamphumi zawo, zomwe zimasinthidwa kukumba, koma ndizothandiza pakukwera mitengo. Amuna nthawi zonse amakhala akulu kuposa zazikazi.
Mtundu: Kumbali yakunyumba pali mizere inayi yayikulu pamaso wakuda, ndipo pamutu pali mawonekedwe amoto, ngati kavalidwe, mawonekedwe atatu oyera owoneka. Ubweya wam mchira wowonda umakhala loyera kwambiri pansi. Pansi, thupi la nyama izi ndi zakuda, pafupifupi zakuda.
Kutalika kwa zorilla kumakhala ndi 28,5 - 38,5 cm, kutalika kwa mchira ndi 20,5 - 30 cm. Zorilla imalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 1.02-1.4 (pafupifupi mtengo). Kulemera kwa akazi: 596 - 880 g, kulemera kwa amuna: 681 - 1460 g.
Habitat: Zorilla nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndipo amakhala makamaka m'matanthwe komanso m'malo otetemera, kupatula nkhalango zowirira, zobiriwira nthawi zonse.
Adani a Zorilla akuphatikiza agalu, mbalame zazikulu za nyama, zazikuluzikulu. Chiyembekezo chamoyo: ali mu ukapolo kufikira zaka 15.
Zorilla ndi carnivore, amadyera makamaka makoswe ngati mbewa, mavu, tizilombo tambiri, nthawi zina mazira a mbalame, njoka ndi nyama zina. Nthawi zina, chakudya chamafuta chimatha kudya.
Zorilla ndi nyama yokhayokha yozizira, nthawi zambiri imakhala yokha. Nthawi zina zimatha kuwoneka dzuwa likalowa kapena mbandakucha asadabowo. Zorilla amakhala m'malo obisalapo panokha, nthawi zina m'miyala yamiyala, m'miyala ikuluikulu, pakati pamizu yamitengo ngakhale pansi pa nyumba. Nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito dzenje lomwe linakumbidwa kale ndi nyama ina. Akhozanso kukumba mabowo kapena kudziika m'manda a mitengo, udzu ndi masamba pomwe palibe malo ena ogona.
Zorillas ndizofala kwambiri m'malo odyetsa zachilengedwe kumene anthu osadyetsa ziweto komanso ziweto zakomweko. Nyama izi zimawopseza tizilombo tambiri tobisala mu udzu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zoril agwire ndikudya nsikidzi, orthoptera ndi tizilombo tina ndi mphutsi zawo. Pano, pamabusa, momwe mumakhala manyowa ambiri, omwe amapezeka kuti amapezeka ndi kachikumbu kambiri, kutukuka kwa anthu ku Zorill kumawonedwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nyama.
Ma Zorillas ali ndi machitidwe osiyana siyana komanso akuthupi (anatomical) omwe ndi mayankho ochokera kusintha kwa nyama izi kuti zikwaniritse zikwangwani. Chifukwa chake, pokhala pamalo potseguka, Zorilla imayima pafupipafupi kapena kusunthira kudongosolo loyenda, mwachangu kuthamanga kuchokera m'malo kupita kumalo. Zosintha izi pakuwongolera zikuyenda nthawi yomweyo.Zitha kuti makina amenewo amathandizira kuti pasapezeke mdani wina aliyense, makamaka amene anali ndi zilonda zakutchire, chifukwa chosatheka kuponyera mbali yawo.
Galu kapena mdani wina akaonekera, zorilla imasokoneza tsitsi, imadzuka mchira wake, kenako ndikuyimba chinsinsi cha fungo labwino la timuyo tomwe timapanga bwino. Kukula kwa ziziwirazi ndikokwanira poyerekeza ndi kukula kwa nyamayo, yomwe ndiyofunika kuiteteza kwa adani. Chinsinsi chake chofukizika chomwe chikuwonekera, ngati skunk, chimatha "kuwombera" patali. Ngakhale kununkhira kwa kutulutsa kwawo sikuli ngati "kununkhira" komanso konyansa ngati kamtengo kakang'ono ka ku America, koma sikosangalatsa komanso kolimba.
Nyama izi nthawi zina zimayeseza kuti zafa pomwe mdani wamphamvu azikawagwera, ndipo palibe pothawira. Uwu ndi mkhalidwe wovuta, chifukwa ungawonekere koyamba kuthandiza zilombo zolusa kufikira mosavuta. Komabe, mchitidwewu umalola nyamayi kumva kununkhira "bwino kwa kutulutsa kwa tiziwalo timene timatulutsa, zomwe zimawakakamiza kusankha kusiya zorilla zokhazokha izi.
Chiyanjano: Zorilla nthawi zambiri amakhala yekha, kumakhala moyo wopatula.
Nthawi yakukhwima imayambira kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yachilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Kubalanso: Kufanana kwa mitunduyi sikunaphunzire. Pakati pa amuna nthawi zonse kumakhala ubale wovuta. Popeza amuna ndi okulirapo kuposa akazi ndipo nthawi zonse amakhala olimbirana wina ndi mnzake, mpikisano wina ungakhale pakati pawo popanga awiriawiri. Amuna ndi akazi amalekererana pokhapokha nyengo yakukhwima, nthawi yakukhwima, amatha kumvana popanda kuchita ndewu. Matani amatha mphindi 60-100. Mimba ili pafupi ndi masiku 37 mpaka 37.
Mdzenje pakati pa Seputembala mpaka Disembala, 1- 4 amabadwa, nthawi zambiri ana atatu, omwe abadwa kale amakhala ndi chovala chaubweya chokhala ndi ubweya wamfupi komanso wokhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka kale. Malinga ndi olemba ena, ubweya waufupi umayamba kuphimba thupi lawo pakatha masiku 21 pambuyo pobadwa. Kulemera pakubadwa - 12-15 g (kapena 1/2). Mano olosera kwa achinyamata amawonekera masiku 33, ndipo maso amatseguka masiku 40. Akazi ali ndi nsonga zinai, kupatsa unyamata mkaka. Amaletsedwa zaka 4 mpaka 5 zakubadwa, ngakhale Zorillas achichepere amayamba kusaka ndipo amatha kupha makoswe ang'onoang'ono atakwanitsa milungu isanu ndi inayi.
Zachikazi nthawi zambiri zimatulutsa zinyalala kamodzi pa nyengo, koma ngati ana ake onse adamwalira ali aang'ono kwambiri, mkaziyo amatha kubereka ana achiwiri nyengo isanathe. Kutha msinkhu: pa milungu 20-30, amuna pambuyo pake. Kamodzi ali ku ukapolo, mkaziyo amabereka ali ndi zaka 10 milungu.
Nyamayi imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa makoswe ochepa, makamaka m'malo azilimidwe komwe makoswe amadya mbewu zaulimi. Amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kubusa, kusokoneza kukula kwa mphutsi zingapo zomwe zimadya mizu ndi zitsamba.
Zorillas wokhala pafupi ndi minda amatha kusaka nyama zazing'ono ngati kalulu, nkhuku, kuba ndi mazira a nkhuku.
Ma Zorillas ali ndi (atachotsa tiziwalo tamatulutsidwe touluka) monga ziweto. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, pali lipoti limodzi lokhala ndi chidziwitso chogwiritsa ntchito chinsinsi cha tiziwalo tambiri ta nyamazi ndi anthu amderali monga zonunkhira.