M'mayiko ambiri ku Asia ndi ku Europe, raccoon amatchedwa "chimbalangondo" komanso "chimbalangondo chowachapira." Ndizosatheka kusokoneza chamba ndi nyama kapena nyama ina. Dzinalo Lachilatini Proscion lingamasuliridwe kuti "galu wakale" kapena "pamaso pa galu", zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a chilombo.

Maonekedwe, mtundu

Mukuwoneka, ma raccoon ali ofanana ndi agalu a raccoon, ali ndi thupi lotetemera, miyendo yayifupi yofulumira ndi zala zazitali, komanso mawonekedwe akuthwa komanso osatalika. Malo amodzi okha ndi opanda kanthu. Pokonzekera kuyimirira, nyamayo imayesa kudalira kumtunda konse, ndipo ikasuntha - zala zokha, chifukwa chomwe zala zazing'onoting'ono zimafanana ndi kuzimiririka ndi dzanja la munthu.

Mutu wa chirombo ndi lokwanira, wokhala ndi phokoso lalifupi komanso lakuthwa, makutu ang'ono ndi ozungulira pozungulira. Gawo la mchira ndi fluffy. Ubweya wake ndi wautali komanso wandiweyani, wopanga "akasinja" ochulukirapo kumbali zam'mutu. Njira yotsatsira mano imadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa incisors 3 ndi 3, fangs 1 ndi 1, pre-molars 3-4 ndi 3-4, molars 2 ndi 2-3. Chiwerengero chonse cha mano ndi zidutswa 36-42.

Ndizosangalatsa! Mbali yodziwika, yodziwika bwino ya ubweya wa raccoon, kunja kwa mawonekedwe amtundu wake, ndimapangidwe apadera, omwe amaimiridwa ndi 90% ya underenseat wandiweyani kapena wakuda, wopangidwa kuti ateteze nyama ku madzi ozizira.

Chovalacho chili ndi utoto wamaso achikasu ndi chodetsa chakuda. Kuchokera kumbali yakumaso mpaka kumphuno kwa mphuno ndi mzere wa madontho akuda. Kuzungulira maso pali malo akuda. Pachala chomangira, ndiye kuti pali mphete zambiri za mtundu wakuda kapena wakuda. Amuna a fodya, monga lamulo, ndi wolemera komanso wokulirapo kuposa akazi.

Khalidwe ndi moyo

Khalidwe la raccoon, mosasamala kanthu za mitundu, ndi lamtendere komanso lochezeka, wakhama kwambiri komanso wodziwa chidwi. Nyama yokhala ndi luso lotereyi imakhala ndi nzeru zambiri, imatha kuphunzira kuthana ndi mavuto osavuta komanso kuchita zanzeru zina. Nyama yopanda nkhanza sikhala yamantha, chifukwa chake imatha kudziteteza pakuluma ndikakanda, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito kokweza koyipa. Nthawi zina, nyamayo imakonda kubwereranso kapena kuyeserera yakufa kuti ipewe kumenya.

Ngakhale ndiwochezeka, a raccoon amakonda kusungulumwa, chifukwa chake amagwirizana m'magulu okhaokha panthawi yachisangalalo. Nyama zoyamwitsa nthawi zambiri zimakhala bwino ndi abale oyandikana nawo, chifukwa chake malo omwe amadyetsa nyama oterewa amatha kudutsana. Kuleza mtima kumakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa anthu a fodya m'madera ambiri. Kuyankhulana wina ndi mzake kumawonetsedwa mukung'ung'uza, kupendekera komanso kupendekera kwina.

Ndizosangalatsa! Kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali ya fodya kumatengera nthawi yozizira, koma ma fodya a ku Canada, omwe amatha kugona kwa miyezi isanu, ndiye atali kwambiri m'chigawochi.

Nyamayi imakonda moyo wamadzulo, choncho, nthawi yakusana nyama ikagona mokhalamo, ndikupita kukafuna chakudya kukacha. Komabe, ngati kuli kotheka, ma raccoon amatha kusintha njira yatsiku ndi tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, kadyedwe ndi njira yodyetsera ma fodya okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja nthawi zambiri zimadalira ma kilbe ndi mayendedwe, ndipo ma rauta okhala m'mizere ataliatali amayambiranso kuwirikiza kawiri kapena katatu, pambuyo pake amayamba kuzizira, kuzizira kwambiri.

Pangakhale ma raccoon angati

Mitundu yomwe ili ponseponse masiku ano mwachilengedwe ndi raccoon, rafoni yodziwika kwambiri yomwe mwachilengedwe, sikhala yopitirira zaka zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Akasungidwa, ogwidwawo amakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka khumi ndi zisanu, koma zochulukirapo zimayambitsa kutalika kwa nyama ya fodya, kuphatikizapo mawonekedwe a zolengedwa zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zizisamalira, kupatsa zakudya komanso kutsatira njira zopewera matenda.

Mitundu ya Raccoon

Mitundu inayi ikuluikulu imaperekedwa ku banja la a Raccoon:

• Ma fodya (Rocyon Lotor,, yoyimiriridwa ndi mabungwe 22 - zolengedwa zoyamwitsa, zomwe ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zochepa zomwe zimakula bwino pakukula kwa zochita za anthropogenic ndi kulima nthaka. Nyama yokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 45-60 ndi mchira wosaposa mita. Ili ndi miyendo yayifupi ndi ubweya wonenepa kwambiri, wonyezimira,
• Matambalala a Raccoon (Rocyon sanсrivоrus), wokhala ndi mchira wofiyira komanso mawonekedwe kuzungulira maso, omwe amakhala ngati "chigoba cha zigawenga". Zimasiyanasiyana m'thupi lolowererapo ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 40-60, ndi mchira wa kutalika kwa 20-42. Ubweya kumbuyo ndi mbali ndi bulawuni, ndipo pamimba - imvi,
• Cozumel rauta (Rrosyon Rygmaeus) zamtundu wamitundu yodziwika ndi kutalika kwa 60-80 cm, yokhala ndi masikono kukula kwake mwa mita. Kulemera kwakuthupi kwamunthu wamkulu kumatha kusiyanasiyana kuchoka pa 3.0 mpaka 4.0 kg. Masanjidwewo amasiyanitsidwa ndi ubweya wa bulauni, kupezeka kwamtambo wachikasu ndi chophimba chakuda kumaso,
• Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga (Rocyon Wamng'ono) okhala amtundu omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndipo amadziwika ndi kufanana kwina ndi raccoon-striper. Kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 51-60. Mchira wowoneka bwino umakhala ndi mphete zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi zakuda, ndipo thupi limakutidwa ndi ubweya wakuda. Mutu wamutu muli "chophimba chakuda".

Ndizosangalatsa! Mpaka pano, nyama yodziwika bwino kwambiri yoimira tchireyi imayimiridwa ndi magulu awiri, kuphatikizapo mitundu ingapo ya zilumba.

Raccoon-mtundu wa fodya umaphatikizapo nyumba zamakedzana, zosowa kwambiri - the Barbados raccoon (Latin: Рrosyоn lotоr gló angapoalleni), yemwe amakhala pachilumba cha Nyanja ya Caribbean, komanso malo amtundu waukulu - Tresmarias raccoon (Rrosyon lоtоr insularens) lat.Rosyon lotor mayardi).

Malo ogawa

• Cozumel Raccoon - End End to the Island yaying'ono ya Nyanja ya Caribbean pafupi ndi gombe la Quintana Roo. Malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi mitengo yaminga ndi mvula mkati mwa nkhalango zachilumba, komanso malo am'nyanja ndi malo olimidwa.
• Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga - nyama zapamtunda zomwe zimakhala makamaka m'malo otentha a Guadeloupe. Mitundu ya fodya yamtunduwu imakonda ma marshland, komanso imatha kukhala m'malo a nkhalango youma pafupi ndi mitsinje kapena nyanja.
• Aguara kapena fodya wa fodya - Nyama yochokera ku marshlands komanso nkhalango, ikukhala m'dera la South ndi Central America, kuphatikizapo Tobago ndi Trinidad. Chilombo chokhachokha chimakonda kukhala pafupi ndi mitsinje, nyanja ndi mitsinje.
• Waku America kapena fodya - zilombo zodziwika ku North America, kuyambira ku Isthmus of Panama kupita kumadera akumwera Canada, komanso ku France ndi maiko ena aku Europe.

Akuluakulu oyang'anira ndudu amakhala ndi nyumba yawo pafupi ndi madzi, posankha chifukwa chake mtengo wokhala mumtengo womwe umakhala kutalika kwa 30 cm kuchokera pansi. Kupeza nyumba ya raccoon sikovuta - khungwa lomwe lili pamtengo. Kuphatikiza komwe akukhalako, a fodya amadzikonzera okha malo okhalamo ambiri odalirika, koma kugona nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito phando lalikulu.

Pakakhala kopanda kanthu, nyamayo imatha kukhazikika pakati pamiyala kapena mitengo ikuluzikulu, komanso ngakhale mkati mwa mtengo.Nthawi zina nyama imasaka dzenje lolondola ndikusiyidwa ndi nyama zina, chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa achichepere kuti azidzikumbira okha nyumba. Ma Raccoon ndi osavuta komanso osavuta kusintha, nthawi zambiri nyama zokwanira sizikhala kutali ndi malo okhala, pafupi ndi minda yazipatso ndi malo osungirako zinyama. Dera lokondedwa silisamalidwa ndi nyama, koma ngati kuli kotheka, fodya amatha kuchoka kumtunda kwawo ndi pafupifupi kilomita imodzi ndi theka.

Rationon mgawo

Ma boti omwe amakonda kwambiri a Raccoon amaimiridwa ndi magawo akale osakanikirana a nkhalango okhala ndi zithaphwi ndi maiwe.. M'derali muli mitengo yambiri yam'madzi, yomwe imalola kuti raccoon ipume masana. Nyamayi imakhala ndi masomphenya okonzekera usiku, yomwe imathandizira chilombo kuyenda mlengalenga ndikayamba kwamdima ndi kusaka. Kuphatikiza apo, ma raccoon amakhala ndi ma vibrissae otakasuka, amakula pafupifupi thupi lonse, kuphatikiza mutu, chifuwa ndi m'mimba, mkati mwa miyendo ndi malo a khungu pafupi ndi zikhadabo.

Raccoon ili m'gulu la nyama zam'madzi, koma chakudya chake chachikulu chimadalira mawonekedwe ndi nthawi. Gawo lokhala ndi banja lokhazikika nthawi ya masika imafunikira chakudya chochuluka. Pambuyo pa hibernation, mozungulira mwezi wa February kapena Marichi, ma fodya okhwima pakugonana amayamba kubereka mwachangu, chifukwa chake amafunika chakudya chapamwamba chamapulogalamu, choperekedwa ndi chakudya cha nyama.

Ndizosangalatsa! Zinthu za anthropogenic, zomwe zimawopseza moyo ndi kuchuluka kwa nyama zambiri, sizingathe kuwononga kwambiri ma fodya, chifukwa chake, nyama zotere zimasinthika kukhala ndi moyo pafupi ndi anthu ndipo nthawi zambiri zimapeza chakudya pamafesi kapena m'zimbulu za zinyalala.

Rfishons imatha kugwira tizilombo tambiri, komanso kusaka achule osati makoswe akuluakulu. Kutha kukwera mitengo mochenjera kumathandiza kuti chiweto chiwononge zisa mbalame. Nthawi zina amadya njoka, abuluzi ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana zam'madzi, zomwe zimatha kuyimiridwa ndi akhwangwala, nsomba zazinkhanira ndi nsomba. Pamayambiriro a nthawi yophukira, ma fodya amasinthana kuti adye zakudya monga zipatso ndi mtedza, ma acorn ndi zipatso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yolimidwa. M'malo ena, ma raccoon asandulika masoka enieni, chifukwa chakubwera pafupipafupi kwa minda yazipatso, ulimi ndi ma gourd.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Nthawi ya raccoon nthawi ya raccoon imayamba ndikayamba masika. Nyengo yonseyi, anyani amuna amafunafuna okwatirana, ndipo gawo lokhala ndi chilombo likukulirakulira. Wamkazi wokonzekera kukhwima amatsimikiziridwa ndi raccoon ndi fungo. Njira yothetsa ukadziyo ikamaliza, mwamunayo amasiya mkazi wokhathamirayo ndipo nthawi yomweyo amapita kukafunafuna bwenzi latsopano. Amphaka achimuna amakonda kukhala okha, chifukwa satenga nawo mbali pantchito yakulera.

Raccoon wamkazi, yemwe amasiya atangotsala pang'ono kubereka, akuchita kubereka. Nthawi yomweyo asanabadwe ma raccoon ang'ono, machitidwe a mayi wapakati amakhala okwiya komanso osadziwika. Nthawi ya bere imatha kupitirira miyezi iwiri. Makanda obadwa kumene amakhala osamva komanso akhungu, ndipo kulemera kwawo pafupifupi 70-75 magalamu. Ng'ombe zimayamba kukhwima pomatha milungu itatu. M'masiku oyambira kubadwa, ana aang'ono a fodya amadyera mkaka wa mayi basi, ndipo mano a mkaka akapezeka, nyama zazing'ono zimayamba kusinthana ndi zakudya zolimba. Yaikazi imatha kudyetsa ana ake akukula pafupifupi ola lililonse.

Zofunika! Pakachitika zoopsa mwadzidzidzi, raccoon wamkazi amakonzekeretsa mabowo khumi apadera, kulola mwachangu kusamutsa ana onse, komanso kupulumutsa ana kuimfa.

Chaka chilichonse, chachikazi chimabereka ana aamuna anayi kapena asanu.Ubweya wa makanda oterewa umakula mwachangu komanso kuyambira tsiku loyamba la moyo, ndipo pazinthu zina, zodziwika bwino zakuda ndi zoyera zimawoneka pafupifupi pankhope ya ana.

Kulumikizana kwa ana ndi amayi awo kumachitika kudzera m'mawu apadera omwe amaimbidwa ndi mluzu ndi kufuula, komanso osati mawu osokosera kwambiri. Ndizodziwikanso kuti nyama zokalamba sizimalankhula pafupipafupi komanso zimangokhala chete, zimasinthasintha mawu.

Adani achilengedwe

Raccoon ali m'gulu la nyama zakutchire zolimba kwambiri, zomwe sizivutika ndi matenda ambiri opatsirana komanso obweretsa zachilengedwe. Mwa zina, nyama yotereyi imatha kudziteteza motsutsana ndi zilombo zambiri zachilengedwe.. Komabe, chisamaliro chachikulu chiyenera kuchitidwa, popeza raccoon imatha kukhala chonyamula matenda ena opatsirana kwambiri.

Ndizosangalatsa! Kudera lina, kudziwika kwakuti kusaka nyama kumakhala kotchuka kwambiri, pomwe anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni awiri kapena atatu amawomberedwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri.

M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, ma raccoon amatha kugwidwa ndi adani ambiri akuluakulu, kuphatikizapo coyotes, mimbulu, lynx yofiira, ilka, alligators ngakhale kadzidzi. Ana osalimba achingerezi amakonda kusakidwa ndi njoka. Kudera la Ciscaucasia, kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa zolengedwa zomwe zimayang'aniridwa bwino ndi nkhandwe wamba, yomwe, limodzi ndi raccoon, ndi imodzi mwazinthu zowononga zachilengedwe.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Ku America, ma raccoon ndi amtundu wamalonda, ndipo kumpoto kwa dziko moyenera kwambiri kuchuluka kwawo ndi anthu mazana atatu pa mahekitala chikwi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa minda, minda yazipatso ndi minda yamphesa, mavwende ndi nkhuku zodyeka, ndi minda. Nyama yotereyi imasanjidwa bwino kwambiri ukapolo, koma nthawi yomweyo nyama zomwe zili ndi chizindikiro cha kuphatikiza msana zimakanidwa.

Zaka zopitilira makumi awiri zapitazo, raccoon ya Bahamas idasankhidwa ndi International Union for Conservation of Nature ngati mabungwe omwe amawopseza chifukwa cha kuchuluka kochepa kwa akuluakulu. Pakadali pano, njira zoyenera zopulumutsira izi sizinatengedwe.

Masomphenya ausiku - kuchokera ku mphaka.

Raccoon imawoneka bwino kwambiri komanso imamva bwino. Raccoon ndi nyama zomwe zimadyera masana, motero kuti munthu apulumuke ndi kupeza chakudya ndizofunikira. Chifukwa cha luso la amphaka awa, raccoon imatsogolera moyo wokangalika wausiku, mwachitsanzo, raccoon imatha kuthamanga mpaka 24 km / h mumdima wathunthu. Ndili ndi chizolowezi cha fodya, luso ili ndi lamtengo wapatali.

Kuchepetsa - kuchokera pa chimbalangondo.

Ngakhale ubweya wakuda, ma raccoon ndi zolengedwa zachilengedwe. M'madera ena, ma raccoon amabisala miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi kuti pakhale nyengo yozizira. Kubisala kwa raccoon kumachitika mosakhalitsa, osati mwakuya. Nthawi zambiri nthawi yozizira pamodzi nthawi yachisanu amakhala m'magulu a anthu 10. Mosiyana ndi chimbalangondo, chamba chodzutsidwa sichowopsa. Popeza nyama yomwe amakonda - makoswe ang'ono ndi osatetezedwa - amagona m'malo otetezeka, raccoon, atayendayenda, amabwerera kudzenje ndikugonanso.

Kukwera - kuchokera ku gologolo.

Ngakhale kuti ma fodya amakhala osavomerezeka, amakwera bwino. Zala zopangidwa bwino zimalola ngakhale nthambi zowonda kwambiri. Zolumikizira miyendo yakumbuyo zimatembenuka madigiri 180, motero ma raccoons amatha kukwera mbali iliyonse. Mphotho ya kupusa ndi zisa zamtchire ndi kucha, zipatso zosaphika za zipatso zamtchire ndi zipatso. Ma fodya amakwera mothandizidwa ndi zibwano, zomwe sadziwa kuyeretsa mkati mwa malekezero. Akatswiri ena oyendetsa ndudu amalaza mabala awo pamiyala kapena, pomwe, amaluma zoluma ndizolakwika.

Kufuna kudziwa chilichonse

Mawu oti "raccoon" amachokera ku liwu lachi India loti "arakun", lomwe limatanthawuza - "amakwapula ndi manja ake."M'ma 1700s, atsamunda aku America adaphonya mawu akuti "a" pamutuwu, ndipo dzinalo lidayamba kutchedwa "raccoon". M'masiku akale, zikopa za raccoon zimatchedwa "genetics", popeza chilombocho chimafanana ndi genet ndi mchira wake wamamba. Pambuyo pake idayamba kutchedwa "genot" kapena raccoon.

Kukhazikika kwa malo omwe amakhala ndi raccoon ku North America, koma malo ake ocheperako adabweretsa ku Asia ndi Europe, komwe kumakhala kwakukulu.

Rfishon imatha kusintha malo ambiri. Kukhala pafupi ndi munthu samva kukhala kovuta. Mumakonda kukhala m'malo okhala chinyontho. Komabe, zimapezekanso m'minda yamafamu, madera okhala ndi matauni.

Ma Raccoon amakonda kumanga ma den awo m'mitengo, koma amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zibowo, mapanga, migodi, nkhokwe, garage kapena nyumba. Fodya amatha kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana okhala malo otentha komanso otentha kupita kumadera ozizira.

Kwazaka makumi angapo pambuyo pa kupezeka kwa ma raccoon (lat. Procyon lotor) omwe atenga nawo gawo pa kuthamangitsidwa kwa Christopher Columbus, munthu woyamba kusiya za nyamazi, asayansi adatsutsana kuti ndani mwa mitundu yodziwika kuti ndi yomwe yakuba.

Zosankha zosayembekezereka kwambiri zidaganiziridwa - raccoon adayikidwa pakati pa agalu, ma badger ngakhale amphaka. Karl Linney adamupangira iye kuti akhale ndi mtundu wa zimbalangondo, ndikumupatsa dzina "chimbalangondo." Munali mu 1780 pokha pomwe adayikidwa mu banja lake la rrocon (Procyon), dzina lake limatanthawuza "ofanana ndi galu." Pambuyo pake asayansi adapeza kuti oyimira woyamba a banja ili amakhala ku France ndi Germany zaka 25 miliyoni zapitazo.

Chovala chakuda ndi choyera chomwe chimavala raccoon pamizere yake yopyapyala ndichimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za nzika zanzeru zaku North America. Imaphatikizidwa bwino ndi ndevu zazimaso zotuwa ndi mchira wofiyira wokhala ndi mphete zakuda.

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri cha raccoon ndi chigoba chake chakuda, kuzungulira maso ndi mchira wakuda wokhala ndi mphete zakuda 4-10. Miyendo yakutsogolo imafanana ndi manja osalimba amunthu omwe amachititsa kuti fodya akhale wakhansa kwambiri.

Mtundu umasintha kutengera chilengedwe kuchokera ku imvi kupita ku bulauni.

Kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira 60 mpaka 95 cm, ndipo mchira 20 - 40 cm, kulemera kwa 2 - 10 kg. Kulemera kwa fodya kumadalira dera lomwe akukhala.

Raccoons, omwe amakhala kumpoto chakum'mawa, amakhala ndi mafuta pafupifupi 50% ya kulemera konse kwa raccoon ndipo amamuthandiza kupirira chisanu.

Raccoon ndi nyama yodabwitsa yomwe imadya masamba ndi nyama zonse.

Zakudya za mbewu zimaphatikizapo zipatso, mphesa, mtedza, yamatcheri, zipatso, ma acorn, zitsamba, ndi masamba. Zinyama zimaphatikizira makamaka ma invertebrates kuposa ma vertebrates. Samasamala kudya nsomba zamtsinje, tizilombo, makoswe, achule, nsomba ndi mazira a mbalame.

Ma Raccoon adasinthanso kuti adye zinyalala zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapezeka kumatauni ndi kumatauni.

Pa nyengo yakukhwima, chamba chachimuna chimakulitsa madera ake kuti apeze mkazi.

Ma Raccoon amabala zinyalala kamodzi pachaka. Kukula kwake kumayambira pa ana atatu mpaka 7, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala 4. Nthawi ya bere imatenga masiku 63 - 65. Nthawi yakukhwima imayamba kuyambira pa Okutobala mpaka Juni, ndipo imayamba pachimake m'March. Anthu akumpoto amakonda kubereka kale kuposa akum'mwera.

Ana achichepere obadwa ndi khungu amabadwa ali khungu ndipo alibe thandizo mu khola la mtengo. Kulemera kwa makanda sikupitirira 50-70 g, ndipo kutalika ndi masentimita 16. Maso awo amatseguka pakatha masiku 18-24, ndikuletsa kuyamwa patatha masiku 70 kudyetsa. Kwa milungu 20 ya moyo, achinyamata amakonda kudya ndi amayi awo, koma nthawi yomweyo amakhalabe naye mu khola. Raccoon wachichepereyo amatenga nyengo yachisanu yoyamba ndi mayi ake, ndipo amalandila ufulu kumayambiriro kwamasika. Kukhwima mu kugonana kumachitika mwa amayi kumachitika asanakwanitse chaka chimodzi, ndipo mwa amuna azaka ziwiri zokha.Atafika pokhwima, mayi ndi ana ake nthawi zambiri amakhalabe moyandikana.

Mwa kuthekera kwachilengedwe, raccoon imatha, kuthengo, kufikira zaka 16, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala zaka 2 mpaka 5. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuphedwa ndi kusaka, magalimoto komanso kuperewera kwa vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Akakhala kundende, fodya amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 21.

Raccoon ndi nyama yozuka usiku ndipo sakonda kugwira masana. Pakakhala kozizira kwambiri, nthawi ya chipale chofewa, chimbudzi chimatha kugona osasiya chofufumitsa kwa milungu ingapo, ndikangokhala ndi mafuta ochuluka.

Choyamba, raccoon ndi nyama yokhayokha, magulu okhaokha amapangidwa kokha kuchokera kwa mayi ndi ana ake.

Raccoon imatha kufikira liwiro la 24 km / h.

Dawo lamtundu wa munthu nthawi zambiri limakhala 1-3 km, koma limatha kukhala mpaka 10 km kumadzulo kwa magawo awo.

Ma Raccoon ali ndi malingaliro opangidwa bwino. Mawonekedwe awo onga amunthu amakhala osamala kwambiri ndipo amalola raccoon kuti azilamulira chakudya. Fodya amatsegula chakudya ndi kutsogolo kwake asanachiyike mkamwa. Amamva mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azimvetsera kwambiri.

Raccoon imavulaza alimi. Zitha kuyambitsa zowononga minda yazipatso, minda yamphesa, minda. Chizolowezi chawo chosinthana ndi chimanga china chisanadyedwe, zimapangitsa kwambiri zochita zawo. Raccoon ndi gwero la kufalitsa mliri, matenda a chiwewe, ndi matenda ena omwe amatha kupatsira anthu ndi ziweto.

Anthu nthawi zina amasunga ana a fodya ngati ziweto chifukwa ndi achidwi komanso anzeru. Komabe, rocaon amathanso kuvulaza munthu mwa kukhala naye m'nyumba imodzi.

Kutembenuka kwa ma 1920s, ubweya wa raccoon anali wotchuka kwambiri ndipo umakhala pafupifupi $ 14. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa ubweya wawo sikukwera tsopano, nthawi zambiri ubweya wa raccoon umagulitsidwa ngati ubweya wopangira ma mink ndi otter.

Ma fodya amatha kuzolowera malo amtundu wa anthu ndikusintha malo okhala sawalepheretsa kufalitsa.

M'nyengo yozizira, ma fodya amakhala ngati abata, ndipo nthawi zina amadzuka kuti adzabweze chakudya. Nyama izi ndizosowa kwambiri ndipo zimaphatikizanso m'zakudya ndi zakudya zam'madzi - nsomba, makoswe, achule, zipatso, zipatso ndi mtedza.

Ogwira ntchito komanso achidwi, ma raccoons amasiyanitsidwa ndi luso lawo komanso nzeru zapamwamba - amatha kukumbukira yankho la ntchito yawo kwa zaka zitatu.

Chinthu chinanso, kapena, chizolowezi cha raccoon, chomwe chimayambitsa kuchuluka koganizira, ndikulakalaka kwake kusanatsuka (kutsuka) chakudya chomwe chapezeka. Lingaliro loyamba lomwe, lomwe linatsutsidwa pambuyo pake, ndikupanga malo ochepa, omwe amachititsa kufunika konyowetsa nyama.

Kulongosoka kofala kwambiri ndikutsata ndikusaka nyama kuchokera kumadzi, yomwe imayikidwa mu raccoon pamlingo wamtundu.

Chifukwa chothana ndi kuvala kwambiri, voliyumu ndi kufewetsa, ubweya wa raccoon umawerengedwa kuti ndiwotentha kwambiri komanso wamtengo wapatali, mtengo wake umakhala wokwera kuposa mtengo wa ubweya wa nkhandwe. Chovala cha ubweya wa raccoon ndichopepuka komanso chosinthika - kotero chimakhala motalika kwambiri mufashoni!

Chifinishi cha ku Finland (Finnraccoon) - Awa ndi galu wodziwika bwino wa fodya, pomwe iwo adagwira ntchito yayikulu yosankha kuti agwiritse ntchito ubweya. Fodya wa ku Finland ndi wolingana ndi nkhandwe, ndipo akuwoneka ngati mtanda pakati pa nkhandwe ndi raccoon. M'miyezi yozizira, nyamayo imabisala. Ndi ubweya wa galu wapa fodya wokhazikitsidwa ku mafamu a ubweya wa ku Finan. Ubweya wa nyama zina zonse zamtunduwu umatchedwa ubweya wa gumbwa kapena "tanuki". Wogulitsa wamkulu, ndipo mwina yekhayo, wogulitsa ubweya wa fodya wa ku Finland pamsika wapadziko lonse ndi kampani yotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse ya SAGA FURS. Ntchito yoswana ku kukula kwa fodya wa ku France imachitika molingana ndi miyezo yokhazikika ya SAGA FURS.Pulogalamu yapadera yogwiritsira ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita izi, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi zikopa zapamwamba kwambiri.Zikopa zimasanjidwa ndikugulitsidwa kokha ku Finnish Fur Auction ku Helsinki. Ma furaya a SAGA ndi gawo limodzi la makina apamwamba mumafashoni, omwe amatsimikizira kugwiritsa ntchito maulusi apamwamba kwambiri - kwa ogula - izi zikutanthauza kuti chinthucho chimapangidwa ndi fodya wa ku Finland ndipo chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha SAGA FURS chimatsimikizira mawonekedwe ake apamwamba.

Pang'onopang'ono, mutha kuyamba kulola kuti chiweto chizikhala choyenda. Zachidziwikire, ndibwino ngati mukukhala m'nyumba yanu ndi munda kapena dimba. Mitengo yaying'ono kumene mungathe kumanga pobisalira malo ogulitsira fodya adzakhala malo abwino a ziweto zanu.

Palibe ziwalo pakati pa zala za raccoon, zomwe zimakhala zachilendo kwambiri kwa adani. Popanda kukhudza nkhaniyo, raccoon amalandila kale chidziwitsocho chifukwa cha vibrissae osangokhala pakapukutira kokha, komanso pakati pa zibwano, pamimba ndi chifuwa. Ma Raccoon ndi osaka usiku omwe samadalira masomphenya, koma azinthu zowoneka bwino. Amakhulupirira kuti pafupifupi salekanitsa mitundu, koma amatha kudziwa mithunzi yobiriwira.

Pachifukwa ichi, madzi amafunika kusinthidwa pafupipafupi, kuletsa wophunzirayo kumwa madzi akuda.

Raccoon ndi nyama yothandiza kwambiri. Muli matenda opatsirana komanso opatsira ena, ndiye kuti sioyenda ndi majeremusi am'matumbo, chomwe ndi agalu ndi amphaka "ochimwa". Chifukwa chake, ndizokongola m'mabanja momwe muli ana. Mwachilengedwe, nyamayi ndi yogwira, yosamala kwambiri, yolimba komanso yanzeru, yosangalatsa kucheza komanso yosinthika. Chiyembekezo chokhala mu ukapolo ndi zaka 12-16; m'chilengedwe, monga lamulo, iwo sakhala zaka zoposa 2-5.

Chithunzi chabwino kwambiri cha intaneti

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Mafuta - Kuchokera ku Groundhog

Popeza ma raccoons amabisala, amafunika kudziunjikira mafuta nthawi yachisanu kuti apulumuke. Ma Raccoon ali ndi tanthauzo lokwanira, koma chifukwa cha zomwe zimakhala zochulukirachulukirachulukira zakunyumba, kunyumba, achifwamba nthawi zambiri amakhala onenepa. Mwa njira, nyama yachikulire yozizira imatha kulemera mpaka 25 makilogalamu.

Kutha kwa maimidwe - kuchokera ku phenum

Ma fodya, mwa iwo okha, si nyama zotsutsana. Pakachitika ngozi, nyamazo zimakonda kuthawa, koma ngati palibe njira yotuluka, ndiye kuti zimayeserera kuti zafa. Chitetezo chamtunduwu chimatchedwa - thanatosis (kufa mwakuyerekeza). Thanatosis imakhala mphindi zingapo, panthawiyi nyamayo imazizira pamalo osavomerezeka komanso yopuma, kunja kwake nyamayo sichizindikirika ndi mtembo. Kuchita izi kumakupatsani mwayi wowopa kuthamangitsa nyama zomwe zimapewe zovomerezeka. Mwa njira, achifwamba apanyumba ataya luso ili.

Kuba ndikuchokera ku nyani.

Mutha kusiyanitsa mbala yamtambo ndi chigoba chakuda chakuda. Nyama zimatsegula bwino maloko 8 mwa 10 (zippers, latches, zokoka, ndi zina), mwa njira, akatswiri owonera zinyama adayeseza momwe ma raccoons adazindikira momwe angatsegule maloko khumi mumphindi 30 kuti apatsidwe. Pakutha kudziwa chilichonse ndi ma raccoon, nyani ndiomwe amafanana. Nthawi zambiri achifwamba amayenda m'nyumba za anthu kapenanso kuwombera m'makhitchini a malo odyera, ndipo oyang'anira fodya amawaba osati chakudya, koma zomwe amakonda.

Raccoon ndi nyama yoseketsa komanso yothandiza.

Rfishons imakhala bwino kuthengo komanso pafupi ndi anthu, mwamphamvu komanso molimba mtima kuthana ndi mdani aliyense, saopa kuzunza tizilombo ndipo ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira kwambiri cha nyama zonse. North America imadziwika kuti ndi kwawo kwa ma fodya.Mayiko ena onse, nyama zinkangobwera mwanjira kapena mwapadera. Ku Russia, mikwingwirima ya raccoon imatha kupezeka m'mphepete mwa Nyanja Yakuda (Anapa, Sochi, etc.). Ma Raccoon amaphunzira mwachangu ndikusinthidwa ndi moyo watsopano.

Masiku ano zatchuka kukhala ndi ziweto zachilendo, zosowa monga ziweto, kuphatikizapo ma fodya. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa zachiwopsezo nakonso, komwe ma fodya amagwidwa ndikugulitsidwa kwa anthu osazindikira.Osagula ma raccoon pamatsatsa kapena pamanja, ayenera kuti ndiopusa kapena ogulitsa!

Mutha kudziwa zambiri zokhudzana ndi ma fodya am'nyumba kapena mungakambirane zolaula m'gulu lathu

Pali nyama zambiri zomwe zimakopa chidwi cha akulu ndi ana. Nthawi zambiri anthu safuna kuyambitsa ziweto zokhazikika ndipo amakonda mitundu yachilendo kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ya fodya. Musanapange chisankho chokhudza kutuluka kwatsopano kwa banja lanu, muyenera kudziwa za machitidwe ake komanso momwe angakhalire momasuka.

Raccoon - nyama yolusa yomwe imakhala ku America. Ngati Eurasia imawerengedwa kuti ndi malo osungirako zinyama za rfishon, ndiye kuti kontinenti iyi imakhala ndi mtundu umodzi wokha womwe udadzidziwikitsa ku chilengedwe chakunja - raccoon-raccoon.

Mitundu ya Raccoon

Pali mitundu inayi ya ma fodya:

Ku South ndi Central America, kumene kuli a fodya wa fodya, malo okhala nkhalango nthawi zambiri amawonedwa. Zofanana ndi fodya wamba ndikuti ali ndi "chigoba" kumaso ndi mchira wofiyira. Kusiyanako ndikuti miyeso yake ndi yaying'ono, ndipo thupi limakhala ndi mawonekedwe ena ake, tsitsi limakhala lalifupi. Izi ndi zodziwika nyama zoweta mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe. Nthawi zambiri, wamkazi amabereka ana atatu. Mtunduwu umadziwika ndi magawo:

• Kulemera: 2,5 kilogalamu,
• Ndi angati a fodya amakhala - zaka 10 mpaka 13,
• Utali kufota: kupitirira 20 cm,
• Kutalika kwa thupi: masentimita 40-60 (kuwonjezera pazomera mchira kutalika kwa 20-40 cm).

Racoids - sizitanthauza kuti chakudya cha nyama ndicho crustaceans yekha. Ndizosangalatsa. Kupezeka kwa nkhanu ndi nsomba zazinkhanira m'zakudya kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kupezeka kwawo komwe kuli nyama zankhondo.

Mitundu yokhala pangozi. Ku France, Guadeloupe, komanso ku Ochepa Antilles, komwe amtundu wamtundu wa fodya amakhala, mapulogalamu akugwira nawo ntchito. Awa ndi nyama zapamtunda zomwe zimakonda kukhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi.

Akadzuka usiku, achichepere amatha masana masamba, nthambi zamitengo kapena m'maenje a mitengo ikuluikulu. Magawo wamba:

• Kulemera: kilogalamu 5-13,
• Omnivores
• Nthawi yakukhwima: kuyambira Januware mpaka Marichi,
• Chiwerengero cha mabanja: 2-5,
• Kutalika kwa thupi: masentimita 50 mpaka 60 (kutalika kwa mchira sikumawaganiziridwa).

Wachikulireyo akadzakhala chaka chimodzi, adzatengedwa kuti ndi wamkulu.

Mitundu yambiri kwambiri, yomwe imaphatikizapo subspecies 22. Izi mwina ndizokhazokha zomwe sizikhudzidwa ndi ntchito za anthu zomwe cholinga chake ndi kulima nthaka.

Kodi fodya amakhala kuti ku Russia?

Amakhala osavuta kukumana kumadera a Black Sea ndi Caspian. Komanso, kuchuluka kwawo kwachulukirachulukira kwakuti ndikuwopseza zomera ndi zinyama zakomweko. Kunja kwa Russia, nthumwi za mtunduwu zimapezeka ku Polesie. Zingwe zopindika ndizovuta kuzimeza ndipo zimatha kudyedwa kunja kwachilengedwe. Magawo a Zinyama:

• Kulemera: kilogalamu 5 mpaka 9,
• Omnivores
• Kutalika kwa thupi: masentimita 45 mpaka 60 (kutalika kwa mchira pafupifupi 25 sentimita),
• Pazaka zingati 20,
• Fur: ​​taupe, wandiweyani,
• Nthawi yakukhwima: kuyambira pa Okutobala mpaka Marichi,
• Mimba: miyezi iwiri,
• Chiwerengero cha ana: kuyambira atatu mpaka asanu ndi awiri,
• Kodi fodya amakhala zaka zingati asanakhwime: chaka chimodzi.

Zoyala zazitali zakutchire zimakonda kukhala m'nkhalango zakale zosakanizika ndi mitengo ikuluikulu pafupi ndi dziwe. Samakumba mauna pawokha, chifukwa chake amakhala pansi. Kusankha mtengo wokhala ngati pobisalira, mikwingwiroyi imawonetsa kukonda kwawo kukwera mitengo. Komanso, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito dzenje lakale ngati nyumba.

Ngakhale kuti miyendo ya raccoon ndiyofupikitsa, ali ndi zala zopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri. Zosindikiza za paw zimawoneka ngati zopondera kumapazi amunthu. Miyendo yakutsogolo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira, kugwira, ndikutsuka. Chifukwa cha zala zopangidwa bwino, ma raccoon amatha kupendekera nthambi ndikukula mitengo, kumamatira ku nthambi.

Masomphenya abwino usiku amapangitsa kuti raccoon akhale wolusa woopsa.Amayenda mumdima wathunthu, osangoyamika ndi maso ake. Tsitsi lina lalikulu (vibrissae) lomwe limakhala pankhope, pamimba, pachifuwa ndi m'miyendo ya nyamayo limagwiritsanso ntchito malo owonjezera poyang'ana malo.

Rfishons ndi osambira abwino kwambiri. Komabe, m'malo achilengedwe, amakonda kumangoyendayenda m'madzi osaya m'mbali mwa mtsinje kapena nyanja. Mutha kunenanso kuti zimawapatsa chisangalalo.

Zovala zazingwe ndi zokhazokha mu banja lawo zomwe zimatha kusokonekera, koma izi sizingafikire mpaka kumwera kwa halo. Pa nyengo yozizira, mpaka anthu khumi akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa mu dzenje limodzi. Maloto oterewa amatha mpaka miyezi isanu.

Mtundu wamtunduwu wa fodya umakhala wopanda pake. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe amtchire wakuthengo amabwera kunyumba za anthu ndikusakira zinyalala posaka chakudya.

Zakudya za mikwingwirima ya raccoon ndi nyengo. Mu nthawi ya chilimwe ndi theka loyambirira la chilimwe, chimakhala ndi chakudya cha nyama; kumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso nthawi yophukira, maziko azakudya ndi chakudya chomera. Ndiye kutsuka kwa chakudya komwe kumapangitsa dzina la mitunduyo.

Nyama sizitha kutenga matenda ambiri, koma zimatha kukhala zonyamula matenda. Kuphatikiza apo, amakonda kulumidwa ndi njoka, kadzidzi ndi adani.

Pakakhala ngozi yomwe singapewe, raccoon amatha kunamizira kuti ndi wakufa. Sachita manyazi ndipo akhoza kudziteteza molimba mtima. Ali ndi chidwi, chinyengo komanso chidwi. Makhalidwe amenewa amathandizira kuti tisamavutike.

Ndi mitundu ingati ya nsomba, yomwe imayimira mtengo ngati nyama za ubweya. Ku USSR, kuyesayesa kwakhala kukuchitika kuyambira 1936. Zikuchitika bwino mu ukapolo. Zowonongeka zimawonedwa ngati anthu omwe ali ndi msana wosakhazikika, womwe umawoneka mu chida cha ubweya. Nyama zikuwononga minda, minda ya zipatso, minda yamphesa, nkhuku ndi minda.

Kutchire, a fodya a fodya amakhala zaka zosaposa zisanu. Ambiri aiwo amakhala ovutitsidwa ndi ozunza, ndipo ndi ochepa omwe amafa m'm mano a omwe amadyera, ngakhale ochepera - kuchokera kuukalamba.

Kuswana kwa fodya m'thengo si njira yayitali. Podzafika chaka chachikazi chazambwe chimafikira zaka zobala. Amabereka mwana wosabadwa kwa miyezi iwiri. Popeza nthawi yakukhwima kwa ma fodya amasamba mu February-Marichi, ana onsewa amabadwa kale mu Epulo-Meyi. Ndipo pofika mwezi wa Julayi, amayamba kuchita zadyera.

Cozumel Raccoon

Pachilumba cha Cozumel ku Mexico, komwe kuli a fodya, kuli mitengo yambiri yam'madzi ndi nkhalango zam'mvula, komanso magombe okhalamo. Zambiri:

• Kutalika kwa thupi: kuyambira 60 mpaka 80 sentimita, pomwe pafupifupi 25 ndiwo mchira,
• Kulemera: kilogalamu atatu mpaka anayi,
• Omnivores, theka la chakudya ndi chakudya chochokera ku nyama,
• Mtundu: wonyezimira komanso wamtambo wachikasu pamchira.

Rfishon yofiira ndi imodzi mwazosiyana za dzina laling'ono la panda. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe akunja a ma raccoon ndi ofiira, kapena ofiira pang'ono, amtundu wa malaya a nyama.

Mutha kukhala mwini wake pokhapokha khandalo litakhala nyama yodziyimira payokha. Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe mayi amakhala ndi mayi ake ndikosavuta kudziwa. Nthawi yake ndi pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Koma nthawi zina mwana amakhala ndi amayi ake kwa miyezi isanu ndi inayi.

Kusamalira nyama sikovuta, koma muyenera kuchita izi pafupipafupi ndikuwona momwe zilili.

Okhala nyumba yabwinobwino amangokhala malo osungira nyama omwe amakhala ndi dimba lalikulu. Kwa iye, nyumba zonse ziwiri zamapulogalamu komanso zothandizira ndege ndizoyenera. Nyamayi imakhala yozindikira kwambiri ndipo imatha kukhala m'chipinda chopanda kanthu, mwa chapamwamba kapena chapamwamba. Zofunika kuti nyama izisungidwa ngati ili:

• Unyinji wadzaza ndi madzi. Mutha kukhala mmenemo nthawi yotentha ndikutsuka zinthu zomwe mumapeza,
• Usiku, kutalikirana kwambiri ndi nthaka kudzazolowera ziweto. Ndikwabwino kudzaza malowa ndi utuchi ndi nsalu.
• Apatseni malo oti akwere.

Ngati fodya akukhala m'nyumba, ndibwino kuti amugawire kuchipinda, kapena kwa aviary, kukakhala kuti kulibe mwini. Tsekani mawindo ndi mpweya wabwino ndi maukonde, onetsetsani maloko, popeza ma mavuvu sangathe kuyimitsa nyama yomwe ili ndi chidwi.

Chakudya chopangidwa ndi fodya.

Chifukwa chiyani mwachedwa ku msonkhano wa Stupid Excuses Club?
"Mukudziwa, wogwira fodya wameza makiyi anga, ndipo ..."
-Osamapitirira, zikuwoneka ngati zakhutiritsa, bwerani.

Kodi mudaganizapo zokhala ndi fodya wosamba? Ngati simunachite izi, mutawerenga nkhaniyo, kulakalaka sikungakhalepo. Bola galu kapena mbalame, koma ayi, sizingakhale zovuta kuti ugwire moyo wako.

Anthu ochulukirachulukira akufuna kupeza fodya wa ng'ombe. Ngati ma fodya amakula kuyambira ubwana, ndiye kuti ziweto zabwino zimatuluka mwa iwo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi anthu. Ma fodya amakhala achidwi kwambiri komanso okangalika, amafunika kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kwambiri, apo ayi atha kulowa m'mavuto kapena kuyambitsa mavuto kwa ena. Koma ngakhale izi zili choncho, ma raccoon ndi okongola kwambiri!

Tiyeni tiwone za moyo wake kuthengo komanso kunyumba.

Raccoon wachinyama amatha kupikisana ndi manja a anthu chifukwa cha zovuta zam'tsogolo - machitidwe ake ndi achinyengo komanso achindunji. Ndi chiwonetsero chake chakutsogolo, rfishon imatha kugwira chilichonse, kuphatikizapo chakudya, komanso kuzigwira molimba mtima ngakhale kuchitsuka. Mwanjira iyi, machitidwe a raccoon amatikumbutsa mwachangu, chifukwa chake chimodzi mwazinthu zake chimatchedwa "Mzere".

Kodi fodya amaoneka bwanji?

Raccoon ndikosavuta kuzindikira ndi "chigoba" chakuda chozungulira maso ndi mizere imodzimodzi yakuda pam mchira. Thupi la raccoon ndilopakika kwambiri, lamatalala, miyendo ndiyifupi, tsitsi limakhala lotuwa komanso lalitali, lalitali, lalitali, ndipo mchira wake umakhala wofanana, wokongola kwambiri. Raccoonyo amakhala ndi makutu ozungulira komanso mutu waukulu, womwe pang'onopang'ono umasandulika kukhala chopondera, yopyapyala komanso yokongola, yokongoletsedwa ndi "chigoba" chakuda chokhala ndi timiyala totsika tating'ono, timene timakumbukira ngati ndevu. Malo akuda bii amapezeka kuzungulira maso a raccoon, ndipo kamtambo kamodzimodzi kamadutsa kumutu kuchokera pamphuno mpaka pamphumi. Pa mchira wa raccoon, nthawi zambiri mphete zachikuda 5 mpaka 7.

Komwe ma fodya amakhala

Raccoon - wokhala wamba ku North ndi Central America , komwe ndizofala kwambiri mpaka pano, simangokhala malo onyowa okha (malo ake anthawi zonse), komanso madera akutali. M'zaka za zana la 20, nyama yamtengo wapatali iyi yaubweya idabwera kudziko lina la ku Europe - kupita ku Germany, komwe "kugonjetsa" kwa Europe konse kunayamba. Masiku ano, ma raccoon ambiri amalowerera ku Netherlands ndi France, komwe adalimbikitsidwa kwambiri. Kenako ma fodya amatumizidwa kummawa, ndipo tsopano ma fodya amapezeka ku Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan, Dagestan, North Caucasus, Far East, Krasnodar Territory ngakhale zilumba za West Indies.

Malo okhala Rfishon

Fodya wa nyama makamaka amakhala m'malo achinyontho. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse limakhala pafupi ndi madzi abwino, pomwe amapeza chakudya. Kuthengo, izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala:

Fodya samanyalanyaza malo omwe amakhala pafupi ndi malo okhala. , popeza kuyandikira kwa nyumba za anthu, rocaon samavutitsa konse - m'malo mwake, amapita kumafamu kukafunafuna chakudya. Mwambiri, nyamayi yanyama imasinthasintha mosavuta, ikudzaza minda ndi minda, nkhalango, mabwalo ndi nyumba zosasiyidwa. Imatha kukhala m'mafakisoni, m'zipinda zapansi, m'mayendedwe osagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso pamipope. Amakonda bowo, komwe amakhala kwambiri, amakonda mitengo yakale m'nkhalango zosakanikirana. Ili pamtunda wa 20-30 metres kuchokera pansi. Imadzanso miyala ikuluikulu, mabowo osiyidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti fodya azikakamiza, chifukwa sangathe kukumba pansi. Chimakhala nthawi yambiri masana pamitengo.

Zizolowezi za Raccoons

Raccoon - nyama yamadzulo . Amagona masana, natuluka kukafunafuna chakudya usiku.Kutali kusamukira kutali ndi kwathu, mumakonda mtunda wa kilomita imodzi ndi theka. Imakhala ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kowona mumdima wathunthu. Izi sizimamupatsa iye masomphenya okonzekera usiku zokha, komanso ma vibrissae, mitolo yomwe raccoon ili nayo pamutu, ndi m'mimba, ndi chifuwa, ndi mkati mwa miyendo, pafupi ndi zibwano. Ma Raccoon samawopa madzi ndipo amatha kusambira bwino.

Asanayike chakudya pakamwa, raccoon amapaka m'madzi choyamba. Asayansi amati izi m'malo mwakusaka zanyama zomwe zimafunikira, koma chidwi chake: zomwe amachita zimathandiza kuphunzira nyama. Mwambiri, nyamayo imagwira ndi zala zake zonse zomwe zimakumana m'njira.

Kumpoto kwa nthawi yozizira, ma fodya amakhala hibernate kwa milungu ingapo osachoka pamalopo, mpaka kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kwa chipale chofewa komanso mafunde ozizira zimachepa. Panthawi ngati imeneyi, kagayidwe kake kamachepetsa, kufunda kwa mtima komanso kutentha kwa thupi kumatsika (koma osati zochuluka). Mwachitsanzo, ku Canada zone, hibernation of raccoon amatha mpaka miyezi 4, komanso zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yotentha - masabata angapo. Nyama zokhala kum'mwera kwa masanjidwewo zimagwira ntchito chaka chonse.

Zomwe mafodya amadzala amadya

Raccoon samakonda chakudya, chifukwa chake amadya chilichonse:
tizilombo
achule
makoko ang'onoang'ono
walnuts,
maapulo
zipatso zosiyanasiyana
ma acorn
mazira
arthropods
mbalame
otchera
nsomba ndi zina.

Makamaka aamnivorous achikulire a fodya. Komabe, chakudya chawo chachikhalidwe kwambiri ndi mbewu, zipatso ndi nsomba. Pokhala m'dera lopezeka kuti anthu azikhalapo, ma fodya amathanso kukokolola zinyalala ndi zimbudzi - zala zawo zonyansa zakutsogolo kwawo zimachotsa mosavuta chivundikiro chilichonse. Zimachitika kuti nyama zina zazikulu nthawi zina zimabera nkhuku zibedi komanso minda.

Raccoon ndiye chiweto choyipitsitsa padziko lapansi!

Ndiuzeni, kodi mufunika zovuta? Mumadzuka m'mawa, ndipo wina adadya mankhwala opaka mano, makiyi ali mumtundu ndi chubu chanu cha guluu tsopano ali pazovala zanu zonse, makoma ndi kama ...

Kodi mukufuna mbale zosweka? Makina osiyira achibalewo anasanduka zidutswa. Nanga bwanji zakugwa, chifukwa m'nyumba mwanu mumakhala nyama zomwe zimakonda kuswana. Zidutswa zidzakhala maluwa, tangoganizirani bwino momwe phokoso lofuulira limayambira m'dera lanjala. Nyama imakhala ndi moyo wakhazikika usiku, pamene mukugona, kapena m'malo mwake kugona, azichita chilichonse chomwe angafune.

Akuba oseketsa, okonda shuga omwe amadya okongola ndi miyendo iwiri kenako amathawa mwachangu - izi ndizoyang'ana koyamba, ngati mukuwoneka bwino - raccoon ndiye chiweto choyipitsitsa! Nditawerenga tsiku lina nkhani ya eni eni fodya wanyumba, ndidadzifunsa kuti: kodi ndingatani kuti ndikhale ndi moyo wosagawanika? Tikukupemphani kuti mudzatenge nawo moyo weniweni wa ovutitsa anzawo.

Mbiri Na: 1:
Nditangotenga fodya wamtchire, ndimaganiza kuti ndi fodya! Adamuyitanitsa Martin, chifukwa cha kufufuzako kunapezeka kuti ndi mkaziyo, sankafuna kupanga dzina ndikumutcha Martin. Chifukwa chake, tsiku lina, ndimadzuka pakati pausiku kuchokera kuphokoso kukhitchini, ndimapita kuti ndikaone vuto, ndipo pomwepo Martina wanga wakhala patebulopo ndipo amamwa tiyi wanga kuchokera mug, monga munthu, akukulira kapu yokhala ndi matako awiri. M'khitchini yonse, pansi, zotsala kuchokera mufiriji zimabalalika, ndipo makatani amatulutsidwa pazenera. Nayi phwando Martin adadzikonzera yekha ndipo adaganiza z kumwa tiyi kumapeto kwa chakudya chamadzulo.

Mbiri Na: 2:
- Anthu! Ndani amadziwa kusamba m'manja kuchokera ku gulu la Super Moment? Nanga bwanji fodya? Ndidasokonekera kwa masekondi angapo ndipo izi pomwepo ndidapeza chubu cha guluu. Sinditsuka m'chipindacho - chidzakhala chikumbutso kuti simungasokonezedwe. Nditaya zinthu, koma nditani chala ndi zala zanga kumatira, zala za mwana wanga wamkazi ndi nkhope yonse ya raccoon?

Raccoon amadziwa bwino kuti munthu wophunzitsidwa mwapadera ayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi tini iliyonse m'sitolo kuti awatsegule. Ngakhale raccoon yekha, china chake amadziwa momwe. Onerani kanema!

Kodi mukuganiza kuti muli ndi zaka 10 mpaka 10?
"Ndileka kulumikizana ndi anthu ndikukhala ndi chamba, ndipo tidzakhala bwino."

1. Fodya wakhama amafunikira chisamaliro chako. Kodi mwakhala okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito theka la nthawi yanu yaulere, ndipo kodi mumakhala ndi nthawi yaulere?

2. Kupezeka mnyumba ya ana osakwana zaka 5-7 , kapena mapulani a mawonekedwe awo - kutsutsana kwachidziwikire kupezeka kwa chamba m'nyumba.

3. Achibale anu ndi omwe amatsutsana ndi nyama kapena ubweya, matenda enanso ofanana - cholakwika chachikulu pakukhazikitsidwa kwa chamba m'nyumba

4. Kupezeka m'nyumba ya nyama zina. Agalu, amphaka - makamaka, ndikotheka kuti azitha kukhala limodzi ndi raccoon, koma nthawi yomweyo ndikofunikira kuti mutha kuwasiyanitsa ndi raccoon m'zipinda zosiyanasiyana. Mosawerengeka, mbalame ndi makoswe ang'onoang'ono samalimbikitsidwa kuti azisakaniza limodzi ndi fodya, popeza ndi chakudya chachilengedwe cha raccoon, ndipo ngati raccoon akufuna kanthu, posachedwa adzakwaniritsa cholinga chake. Zomera zamkati sizingakhale mu chipinda chimodzi ndi raccoon.

5. Fodya ngakhale kunyumba amakhalabe nyama yamtchire, chifukwa chake ndichofunikira kudziwa ngati muli okonzeka kuwona zipsera kuchokera kuziluma ndi kukwapula m'manja mwanu, zomwe zingakhale. Nthawi zambiri, chizolowezi cha fodya chimasinthika kukhala chovuta kwambiri ikafika kutha msinkhu, makamaka pa nthawi yakubereka.

6. Komanso pa nthawi yopuma, raccoon imatha kuzindikira malo ake ngati mungafune kupirira. Sikuti a fodya aliyense amakwanitsa kuzolowera thonje. Ndikotheka kuti nthawi zambiri mudzayeretsa pambuyo pake, komanso m'malo osayembekezeka.

7. Kodi mwakonzeka kudzuka kangapo usiku, kumva kulira kwa "Rikingon" wanjala "ndikumudyetsa kapena kungosangalatsa? Mwachilengedwe, Rfishon ndi nyama yochita usiku. Zochita zake zimawonetsedwa usiku, nthawi yomwe nthawi zambiri amapereka chakudya, ngakhale nthawi zina a Raccoon amasintha dongosolo la anthu.

8. Ngakhale mukuyesetsa, sizowona kuti raccoon ikhale "yovuta". Kodi ndinu okonzeka kutchera khutu kwambiri ku fodya, ndipo poyankha, mwina sikungakulowetseni inunso. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kupezapo buku la raccoon pang'onopang'ono ndi mwana wazaka 1.5. Rachoni otengedwa ndi achikulire omwe amatengedwa ndi achikulire sakhala opangidwira, ngakhale chakudya nthawi zambiri chimatengedwa m'manja.

9. Malo anu okhala. Kodi ndizotheka kupanga chipinda chimodzi mnyumba "Raccoon" ndi "Raccoon". Mchipinda chokhala ndi fodya, sikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa TV yamtengo wapatali ya plasma kapena chida chamtengo wapatali cha China cha 15 century. Chifukwa, mwina akuganiza. Palibe malo osavomerezeka a chamba m'nyumba. Choopsa kwa chilombo ndi mawaya amphaka zamagetsi, ophatikizidwa mu socket, amatha kuwaluma, komanso zingwe zowonjezera zili pansi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amafuna kuzilemba. Kodi mwakhala okonzeka kupirira momwe Raccoon mu chipinda chanu amakhalira? Zomwe dongosololi likuwoneka kuchokera pamalingaliro a rfishon, mutha kuwona m'mavidiyo otsatirawa.

Ndani yemwe ndi raccoon

Chinyama chodya nyama chachikulu kwambiri ngati galu wamkati, chimakhala cha banja la raccoon. Mzere wa Raccoon (Procyon lotor) ndi wobadwa ku Central ndi North America, adabwera ku Europe koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Chinyama cham'madzi chimapezeka kumadera ambiri padziko lapansi, kuphatikizapo North Caucasus ndi Far East. Nyamayo imatsogolera moyo wosangalatsa, ndipo imabisala masana. Pazinyumba, ma fodya amasankha mabowo, mabowo a anthu ena kapena zazing'onoting'ono zopangidwa ndi nthambi za mitengo zomwe "zimaba" kwa nyama zina. Kufalitsa kumayambiriro kasupe.

Habitat

Rfishon-striper imakonda kukhazikika m'nkhalango yosakanikirana (imapewa ma conifers). Nyama sizitha kuchita popanda madzi, chifukwa chake, pafupi ndi malo awo okhala ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pali mtsinje, dambo kapena nyanja. "Raccoon-raccoon" amakonda kupanga "Nyumba" pamtunda wa 20-30 metres pamwamba pa nthaka, m'maenje. Anthu okhala kum'mwera chakumwera nthawi zambiri amapanga nyumba zawo pagombe. Nyamayo si yamanyazi, motero imakhazikika pafupi ndi mzindawo.Ku US, nyama zodyera zimagwera minda, ndipo izi ndi zovuta kwa okhala m'derali omwe akulimbana ndi nyama.

Malo ogawa

Mzere wa raccoon umachokera ku North America, komwe umakhalabe ku Isthmus of Panama kupita kumadera akumwera kwa Canada. Othandizira adabweretsedwa ku Europe ndi Asia m'zaka za zana la 20. Mzerewu udawonjezeredwa m'nkhalango za Azerbaijan, Belarus (Polesie), kuzilumba za East Indies, Germany, France ndi Netherlands. Ku USSR, ana anapangidwa mu 1936, pomwe adazika mizu. Nyama zimapezeka ku Far East, Caucasus.

Ma Raccoons (lat. Prostion)

Mzere wa nthomba, womwe umadziwikanso kuti American raccoon (Procyon lotor) - ndi nyama yomwe imadya ya mtundu wa Raccoon ndi banja la a Raccoon. Nyama imatha kuchita bwino chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthropogenic, komwe kukufotokozedwa pang'onopang'ono koma ndikulima kwanyengo.

Ubale Waumunthu

Mikwingwirima ndi yolimba mtima komanso yolimba mtima, amakhala okonzeka kumenyana ndi zilombo komanso kuwononga zisa za anthu ena, koma polankhulana ndi munthu, nyamayo imakhala yaubwenzi komanso yolandiridwa. Amachita dala chinyengo chamtunduwu, akuyembekeza kuti angapeze china chokoma. Amasunga ziweto monga ziweto, chifukwa zimazolowera anthu mosavuta, koma eni ake sayenera kupumula, kunyengedwa ndi miseche yokongola, chifukwa olusa amtunduwu ndiuma komanso achidwi, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto. Anthu okhwima nthawi zambiri amakhala achiwawa komanso osakhudzana.

Zomwe zimachitika pakachilengedwe

Raccoon amakhala nthawi yayitali kuthengo, mpaka zaka 20 (ali mu ukapolo - pafupifupi zaka 16). Kukhala ndi maso abwino, nyama zimasiyanitsa zazing'ono kwambiri zomwe zili mumdima. Kumva kwawo kulibe vuto, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala adyera abwino. Nyama zimatha kukwera msanga pamitengo, miyendo yayitali mosakhazikika ndi thandizo lalitali. Mzere wa raccoon sugwirizana ndi ma virus, ndipo khungu lowonda ndi ubweya umateteza ku kulumwa ndi tizilombo.

Pakachitika ngozi, nyama yamadzi ikusokosera, amathawa kapena kumayeserera kuti wafa. Wosanjika ndi fodya - wobiriwira usiku, iye amawona mumdima, vibrissa amathandizira kuyenda. Masana, nyama zodyerazo zimagona dzenje kapena kulowa m'dzenje la munthu wina. Wokwera raccoon amatha kukwera mitengo, kukwera kumtunda, amakonda kuchita zopendekera pamitengo, kudumphira pansi ngakhale kuchokera kumtunda wa mita 12.

Chifukwa chiyani raccoon imatchedwa Mzere

Dzinalo la chilombo kuchokera ku Sanskrit limamasuliridwa kuti "kukanda ndi manja ako," koma choyambirira "strip" sichimangokhala ndi malingaliro. Amalowetsa chakudya m'madzi, akung'ung'udza ndi maondo awo, zikuwoneka kuti chirombo chimatsuka zovala. Reflex sikugwirizana ndi cholinga chodya zakudya zoyera. Khalidweli limafotokozeredwa ndikuti nyama yodabwitsa kumtchire imagwira nyama m'madzi, kutulutsa matope ndi algae yokhala ndi maondo achinyengo. Ichi ndi nyama yausiku, kuzindikira kukhudza kumathandiza kupeza chakudya, kufunafuna chakudya kumayambira.

Kodi ma fodya amadya chiyani?

Chilombo chouluka chimakhala chopatsa chidwi: Chimakonda nyama ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, makoswe ang'onoang'ono ndi nsikidzi zimakhala zakuba. Zikukwera mosayenera pamitengo, zimaba zisa, kudya anapiye ndi mazira. Nyama zimatha kusangalala ndi njoka yaying'ono, osapereka nkhuku. Khwawa ndi achule zimaphatikizidwanso m'zakudya, ngati mungathe kuzigwira. Nyamayo imatsitsa madziwo ndikuyamba "kuyang'ana" pansi pa chosungira.

Ataphunthwa ndi nyama yomwe yasungidwa, "msaki "yo anaigwira ndikuyamba kuipeza. Khansayo ikagwidwa, ndiye kuti imakutidwa: imagunda miyala, kenako ndikuiyika m'madzi kuti mudziwe ngati nyamayo ili ndi moyo. M'dzinja, nyamazo zimadzisangalatsa ndi mtedza ndi zipatso, ngati ma acorn. Mikwingwirima ndi nyama yonyada, amatha kukwera mkati mwa nyumba ya munthu ndikudya zakudya. Zamoyo sizinyalanyaza zinyalala, chifukwa zimayambiranso zinyalala.

Kulera ndi kulera ana

Azimayi pachaka akafika pa kutha msambo, amuna amafunika nthawi yambiri, amakhala ndi zaka ziwiri. Nthawi yakukhwima ikusowa.Amuna amayesa kuphatikiza unyinji wa akazi, popeza ndi amtala. Mimba imatenga milungu 9, ana 3-4 amabadwa nthawi. Nthawi yoyamba pambuyo pobadwa, ana agaluwo alibe thandizo komanso khungu, amafunika masabata angapo kuti adziyimire pawokha, kenako amasiya kudya mkaka wa amayi.

Sakhala mafashoni kuyamba nyama zosowa komanso zamtchire. Nthawi zambiri, fodya amapezeka mnyumba wamba, m'malo galu ndikusangalatsa anthu ndi machitidwe ake achindunji. Mutha kusunga nyamayo kunyumba, koma muyenera kukhala okonzekera kuoneka ngati chilombo. Mutaganiza zopeza chiwalo chosadziwika bwino m'banjamo, kuwerenga momwe nyamayo ilili, zofunikira pa zakudya komanso kukonza, werengani momwe mungakhazikitsire gawo lotere.

Momwe mungapangire nyumba

Ziweto zosafunikira zimafunikira malo ake, ndipo zimafunikira kukhazikitsa zochitika, kukonzekeretsa nyumba. Khola likhala lazitali komanso lalifupi. Ziweto sizingakonde nyumba yaying'ono komanso yopapatiza, nyamayo imatha kuwonongeka, mpaka kuwonetsedwa mwankhanza. Nyumba ziyenera kukhala zapansi zingapo, gawo lililonse limadzaza zoseweretsa kapena maswiti. Pangani malo ogona kuti akhale ofewa. Ndikofunikanso kuti mupange bowo lopanda kanthu, kuchokera pomwe limayandikira.

Ikani khola m'chipinda chowala, koma osati khonde, kuti nyamayo isafe chifukwa cha kutentha. Zofunikira zakunyumba: thanki yazakudya, mbale yomwera ndi mbale ya madzi, pomwe chiweto chimatsuka chakudya chake. Ndikwabwino kuti mupeze zoseweretsa za mphira, chifukwa 'amazisamba' m'beseni. M'khola, nyamayo imayenera kutsekedwa usiku, ikayamba kugwira ntchito. Madzulo, chiweto chimakhala chomasuka kuyenda mozungulira nyumba. Ngati akukhala m'nyumba yapadera, ndiye kuti aviary akhoza kumangidwa mumsewu.

Momwe mungadyetsere Mzere wa raccoon kunyumba

Popeza chilombocho ndi chopatsa mphamvu, chakudyacho chimayenera kukhala chosiyanasiyana ndikuphatikiza: zinthu monga mkaka (tchizi), nyama, nsomba, nsomba zam'madzi, mazira, chimanga, masamba ndi zipatso, mtedza, zipatso (raspberries, currants, yamatcheri, sitiroberi), ngakhale ma cookie. Zakudya zopangidwa ndi chilengedwe ndizotheka, koma magawo okonzeka sayenera kusungidwa ngati nyama ilibe mavitamini ndi mchere. Zokwanira onse agalu ndi amphaka chakudya. Nyama yofatsa imadya katatu patsiku.

Kusamalira nyama

Izi ndi nyama zopanda chidwi, sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Amayenera kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi, nthawi zina kumatsukidwa, kuyenda pafupipafupi. Oyera, iwowo amasamalira tsitsi, ndiye muyenera kusamba nyamayi katatu pachaka. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito shampoo amphaka kapena agalu. Nthawi zambiri mumayenera kuyeretsa mkati mwa khola. Achinyamata a fodya amakonda kuyenda, koma kumangoyenda pongoluma, apo ayi amathawa. Pali malamulo angapo osamalira:

Mikwingwirima ndi yoseketsa komanso yoseketsa, koma osapusitsidwa, amakhalabe olusa nthawi zonse. Masewera omwe ali ndi ziweto za furry amatha kutha ndikakankha kapena kuluma. Chilombocho sichimenya nkhondo chifukwa chankhanza, koma kusewera, chifukwa sichiwona kuti ndiye mwini wake, ndikofunikira kusamala.Mu nyengo yakukhwima, nyama imatha kukhala yosazolowereka, ngakhale yaukali.

Chilombo sichingathe kuphunzitsa, kumukakamiza kuchita china chovuta kokha ngati sakusonyeza chidwi ndipo alibe chidwi ndi ntchitoyo. Konzekerani kuti ma fodya amatha kugwirizana ndi ziweto zina. Ma Raccoon amatha kumazolowera kukhala ndi mphaka kapena galu kunyumba, koma apa phukusi kapena nkhumba yopondera isanduka nyama, chingwe chokhala ndi mpata chitha kufikira wovutayo.

Mzerewo ndiwowoneka bwino ndipo umakonda kuthana ndi vuto la thireyi, koma nthawi yakukhwima amakhala wokonzeka kulemba gawo kulikonse, zomwe zimawonjezera zovuta kukhalapo kwa alendo. Wokhalamo usiku amadzutsa mwini wakeyo pazifukwa zilizonse, ndiye kuti masana, chimfine chathanzi chimatopa ndi masewera. Raccoon ndi yopuma kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuyisamalira. Amakhala wokonzeka nthawi zonse kuyipitsa zinthu komanso kuwononga zinthu, amapeza zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa: amatha kutsegula ma bomba ndikuyamba kuchapa zida kapena zikalata, pomwe akusefukira anansi ake, ali wokonzeka kuwononga mipando, kuphwanya mbale, kuphwanya wallpaper.

Kodi ndingagule kuti?

Pali zovuta zina pogula nyama yachilendo. Ndikofunika kuti nyama isatengeke "mozunzidwa" ndi ozitcha kuthengo, mpaka mwezi ndi theka, ana agalu amafuna mkaka wa amayi, popanda iwo kufa. Palinso mwayi wopeza chiweto chodwala kapena osati chingwe, koma galu wa fodya. Pofuna kuti musapusitsidwe, ndibwino kugula mwana wa galu munyumba (pali chitsimikizo kuti mutenge nyama yathanzi), kapena kufuna zikalata zonse pa aliyense kuchokera kwaogulitsa wamba. Zipatala zapadera zimaswana zasiliva zakuda, zasiliva ndi zoyera.

Kanema

Pali nyama zambiri zomwe zimakopa chidwi cha akulu ndi ana. Nthawi zambiri anthu safuna kuyambitsa ziweto zokhazikika ndipo amakonda mitundu yachilendo kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ya fodya. Musanapange chisankho chokhudza kutuluka kwatsopano kwa banja lanu, muyenera kudziwa za machitidwe ake komanso momwe angakhalire momasuka.

Raccoon - nyama yolusa yomwe imakhala ku America. Ngati Eurasia imawerengedwa kuti ndi malo osungirako zinyama za rfishon, ndiye kuti kontinenti iyi imakhala ndi mtundu umodzi wokha womwe udadzidziwikitsa ku chilengedwe chakunja - raccoon-raccoon.

Onani ndi mamuna

Liwu loti raccoon limachokera ku liwu lachi India loti "arakun", lomwe limatanthawuza - "amakwatula ndi manja ake." Akoloni aku America adasiya kusiyapo mawu akuti "a", kutanthauza nyama iyi, ndipo imadziwika kuti "raccoon".

Ndi mawonekedwe ake wamba, kayendedwe komanso chidwi, raccoon imafanana kwambiri ndi chimbalangondo. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti Amwenye - anthu aku North America - adamutcha "m'bale wachimbalangondo." Ku Azerbaijan, kumene ma fodya adabweretsedwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, adawonanso kufanana kumeneku, chifukwa chake dzina ladzalo - "balaja ai" - kanyumba kakang'ono ka chimbalangondo.

Kuyambira kalekale, anthu ankasaka ma fodya chifukwa cha ubweya - imodzi mwa ubweya wampango ku North America. Kalelo m'zaka za m'ma 18, khungu la raccoon lidali njira yolipira ku America. Koma kusaka kwambiri sikunachititse kuti chiwerengero cha nyama chichepe kwambiri.

Pakadali pano, kumayiko awo, ku America, ma fodya amapezeka bwino ndi anthu: pofunafuna chakudya, nthawi zambiri amapita kumidzi ndi kunja kwa mizinda. Nyama yaying'ono yokongola iyi yopanda nkhope, yakuthwa pang'ono, yasandulika ngwazi za akatswiri azithunzi komanso zopeka.

Mkhalidwe waukulu pamoyo wake ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi apafupi

Mkhalidwe waukulu pamoyo wake ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi apafupi

Mkhalidwe waukulu pamoyo wake ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi apafupi

Mkhalidwe waukulu pamoyo wake ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi apafupi

Mkhalidwe waukulu pamoyo wake ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi apafupi

Mkhalidwe waukulu pamoyo wake ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi apafupi

Mkhalidwe waukulu pamoyo wake ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi apafupi

Mkhalidwe waukulu pamoyo wake ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi apafupi

Malo ogawa ndi malo okhala

Mitundu yachilengedwe yamtundu wotchedwa irigon ndi Central ndi North America, kuyambira ku Isthmus of Panama kupita kumtsinje. St.Lawrence, yomwe imaphatikizapo zigawo zakumwera kwa Canada ndi United States, kupatula mayiko a Utah, Nevada, Rockies.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, ma fodya amapezeka pamafamu ena a ku Europe ndi ku Russia. Mu 1936, kuyesa koyamba pa kubwezeretsa chilombochi kunayambira m'maiko angapo a Soviet Union: ku Belarus, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Primorsky Territory ndi Central Asia. Patangopita zaka zochepa, nyama pafupifupi wani ndi theka adamasulidwa. Odwala bwino kwambiri azolowera kukhala ku Belarus ndi Azerbaijan. Pakadali pano, omasulidwa makamaka, komanso opulumuka kuma famu zanyama akhala mmaiko ambiri aku Europe.

Mzere wa nthomba umapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikupezeka kwamadzi pafupi - mtsinje kapena nyanja. Amakonzanso madera otsika kapena otsika. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka kunja kwa minda, m'minda, nkhalango zina, amabwera m'matawuni.

Maonekedwe ndi morphology

Chilombo chaching'ono, cholemera chofanana ndi galu wamba: kutalika kwa thupi la raccoon kumakhala pafupifupi 65 masentimita, mchira ndi 25, kutalika kwa kufota ndi 30- 35 cm. Amuna ndi wolemera pafupifupi 10-30% kuposa akazi. Mutu ndiwotakata, kupyapyala ndi lakuthwa komanso lalifupi. Makutu ndi ochepa komanso opanda mphamvu kumapeto. Miyendo ndi yochepa, nsapato za m'mapazi zilibe kanthu. Zala zake ndizitali, zam'manja, pafupifupi zokhala ngati nyani. Zovala sizingabwezeredwe.

Mtundu wa chilombochi ndi wachikasu, chosakanikirana ndi chakuda. Pali "chigoba" chodziwika bwino pamphumi: Mzere wakuda. M'mphepete mwa mutu, tsitsi limakhala lalitali, ndikupanga ndevu. Pa mchira pali mphete zazikulu za 5-7 za imvi-chikaso ndi mtundu wakuda. Ubweya wopota wa rauta ndi wautali komanso wosalala.

Ma Raccoon ali ndi masomphenya abwino usiku ndikumva kwambiri. Ngakhale akuwoneka osawoneka bwino, a fodya amayenda mitengo bwino, ndikutsika pansi, chifukwa cha mapazi osunthika kuti athe kuzungulira pafupifupi madigiri a 180. Ma Raccoon amatha, monga nyani kapena sloth, kukwera nthambi zokhotakhota, ndikulendewera kumbuyo ndi misana yawo pansi.

Maumoyo & Bungwe Lachitukuko

Njira ya moyo wa raccoon-striper imakhala nthawi yausiku: masana nyamayi ikagona kwinakwake pamalo obisalirako, yomwe imatha kukhala pamwamba kwambiri pansi - pamtunda wa 20-30 metres. Zingwe sizikumba zingwe, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzeka, kuthamangitsa eni (nkhandwe, mabuluni), kapena kulowa nazo zomwe zasiidwa. Nyumbayo ikhoza kukhala pamwala wa mwala, kapena mulu wa mitengo yakufa. Kutacha, achichepere amachoka pogona ndikuyendayenda kukafunafuna chakudya mdera lawo. Kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, nyama zimatha kuyenda mpaka 2,5 km pausiku.

Kukula kwa malo amodzi a fodya kumatengera zinthu zambiri ndipo kumatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 0,5 sq. km mu malo ocheperako mpaka 50 masikweya mita. km kumapiri. M'madera olima ku North America, malo omwe amakhala ndi a raccoon ndi mita 1.5 mulitali. km Amuna amakhala okha, ana achichepere amakhala ndi amayi awo chaka choyamba cha moyo patsamba lawo. Kukula, achinyamata amapangidwanso, amuna akamachoka m'dera la amayi kutali kwambiri kuposa zazikazi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala pafupi.

Pamisonkhano, anthu oyandikana abambo amayamba kuwerama mitu yawo ndikuwatsitsa mano, ubweya womwe umakhala pakhungu umasweka - nyama zimveke kuti sizikusangalala kukumana. Mwambo utatha, nthawi zambiri amabalalika, osabweretsa ndewu. Komabe, ndi chakudya chochuluka, mwachitsanzo, pamtunda wowetchera, nyama ndizokhulupirika kwambiri kwa wina ndi mnzake ndipo zimatha kudyetsa mtunda wa mamita angapo.

Mzere wa Raccoon ndi woimira yekha wa banja la raccoon, amene, pomwe nthawi yachisanu imayamba, amagwera tulo tulo. Ku Canada, kumatha miyezi 4. Kugona kwa fodya kumakhala kosapindulitsa komanso kwa kanthawi. Nyengo yotentha, nthawi yayitali fodya amatha kudzuka ndipo amatha kuyendayenda kwa maola angapo pafupi ndi lair.Kukayamba kuzizira amakhalanso kunyumba kwake ndikugona.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso chodyetsa

Raccoon amadya pansi, kutsika pamitengo yomwe amapuma. Nyama izi ndizopatsa chidwi, ndipo m'zakudya zimasinthidwa kwakanthawi. Mu nthawi yamasika ndi koyambilira kwa chilimwe, maziko a chakudyacho ndi chakudya cha nyama; theka lachiwiri la chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, amakonda zakudya zam'mera.

Makamaka a tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tokhala ndi mphutsi, nyongolotsi, nkhono, achule, nsomba zazinkhanira, nsomba ndi makoswe amadya. Nthawi zina amapeza ndikudya muskrats, agologolo, akalulu ndi mazira a mbalame. M'nyengo yotentha, amasangalala kudya zipatso zamtundu wosiyanasiyana ndi mtedza, amayendera minda yamaluwa ndikudya zakudya zomwe zimamera kumeneko, kuphatikizapo mbatata. Nthawi ndi nthawi, ma fodya amathira zisa tizilombo, kuphatikizapo mahatchi, zibumbu, chiswe ndi nyerere, makamaka chifukwa cha mphutsi. Ubweya wochepa thupi ndi wosanjikiza wamafuta zimateteza nyama izi ku mbola zaukali wokwiya. Zovala zazingwe zam'madzi zimasambira bwino, ngakhale zimatero mosanyinyirika. M'madzi, ma Raccoon amapeza nyama zam'madzi, pomwe akugwiritsa ntchito zala zawo zowirira. Pokhala pafupi ndi anthu, achichepere amafunitsitsa kutaya zinyalala, kufunafuna chakudya, nthawi zambiri amakwera nyumba.

Kumpoto kwa madera, zakudya zama calorie ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa raccoon, chifukwa nyama zimafunika kudziunjikira mafuta okwanira kuti awadyetse nthawi yachisanu. Mafuta amadziunjikira m'thupi lonse, ngakhale mchira, pomwe mawonekedwe ake, makamaka kumbuyo, amafika makulidwe a 2,5 cm.

Kulera ndi kulera ana

Madera akumpoto, nthawi yopangira fodya wamavuto imayamba mu Okutobala-Marichi; kumwera kwa masambawo, ma raccoon amatha kubereka chaka chonse. Amuna okwatirana, monga lamulo, ndi akazi angapo. Wamkazi amakhala ndi wosankhidwa m'modzi, yemwe amusiya posachedwa ndipo satenga nawo mbali polera ana.

Ng'ombe zimabadwa pambuyo pa masabata 9 mpaka 10 m'malo opanda phokoso, zimatha kukhala 1 mpaka 7. Zimakhala zopanda mano, khungu, kulemera kwa 60-75 g iliyonse ndipo zimakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi lofiirira, mtundu wamawu osapezeka. Mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yoyera pamutu ndi mchira imayamba kuwonekera pokhapokha masiku 10 amoyo. Maso aana amatseguka patsiku la 15-20, ndi makutu pa tsiku la 18-24. Amayi amawadyetsa mkaka kwa miyezi itatu, ali ndi miyezi 4-5, nyama zazing'ono zimayamba kudzipatula. Monga lamulo, ana amakhalabe ndi amayiwo mpaka nthawi yozizira, koma nyama zambiri zazing'ono zimakhalabe nawo mpaka nyengo yotsatira yobala. Atsikana ena achichepere amakhala amayi pazaka chimodzi, anzawo - abambo amaloledwa kubereka ndi abale okalamba pambuyo pake.

Ma Raccoons ku Zoo ya Moscow

Zovala zokhala ndi ma boti zimakhala mtundu wina watsopano ku Old Territory kuseri kwa zolengedwa zoyamwitsa zam'madzi, pafupi ndi Nyumba ya Mbalame. Pali mtsinje m'chigawo cha mpanda, ndipo ma fodya, ndi chisangalalo chowoneka, muzimutsuka pamenepo, kutsimikizira dzina lawo. Zimbudzi zimakopeka kwambiri ndi mphutsi zikuluzikulu zomwe zikukula mlengalenga - nyama sizimangokwera pa iwo, zimagona pamwamba pamitengo, itapindika mu mpira ndikukumbukira zisa za mbalame zakutali. Kutentha kumeneko, mumphepo, kumazizira, kasupe, dzuwa, kutentha. Pali zinthu zambiri m'malo otetezedwa omwe amapangitsa kuti nyamazo zizikhala bwino - makwerero oyimitsidwa pakati pamitengo, pomwe nyama zimakwera mosangalala, "mabowo" momwe amapezamo "zinthu zabwino" zambiri zoyikidwa ndi ogwira ntchito kumalo osungira nyama. Mwanjira imeneyi, nyama zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito luso lawo ndikuwonetsa chikhalidwe chachilengedwe pakupanga.

Kuphatikiza pa ma fodya, agalu a fodya, oimira banja la Canine, amakhala mu aviary. Amawoneka ngati achikwama okhala ndi chigoba chakuda kumaso kwawo, koma awa ndi nyama zosiyana kwathunthu. Akakhala pafupi, kusiyana pakati pa izi, poyang'ana koyamba, pafupifupi zofanana, nyama zimawoneka bwino.

A Raccoon athu salinso achichepere, anabadwira kumalo osungira nyama, anthu amawadalira kwambiri.Amadyetsa nyamazi mosiyanasiyana: amadya nsomba, mazira, tchizi chambiri, zipatso zambiri, amakonda kwambiri kaloti kuposa masamba onse, koma amakonda nyama - zodya nyama. Ma Raccoon samagona nthawi yabwino yozizira, pomwe nyengo yozizira imayamba kukhala yoopsa, yosagwira, kugona m'makomo ozizira, ozungulirana. Mutha kuwaona nthawi yachisanu mu thaw lokha, nthawi zina nyama zimayenda mosadukiza pamaulendo. M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha, amakhala otakataka m'mawa ndi madzulo, ndipo nthawi yophukira komanso yophukira pafupifupi tsiku lonse.

Lero patsamba lathu ndi raccoon-raccoon. Chifukwa chiyani amavula - muphunzira kuchokera m'nkhaniyi.

Dzinalo la nyama yakudya yam'madzi yotanthauzayi ikutanthauza - amadula ndi manja ake - ili ndi dzina la mtunduwu - raccoon.

Malo okhala Rfishon

Malo obadwira a fodya amakhala ku Central ndi North America. Masiku ano imatha kupezeka m'maiko ambiri ku Europe, Asia komanso ku Far East kwa Russia. Ndipo zonsezi zimachitika chifukwa cha chithumwa cha nyama iyi, yomwe siyikanatha kukaniza osasamukira, kapena alendo, omwe adamunyamula padziko lonse lapansi.

Ma Raccoon ndiwopeza mwayi ndipo amatha kukhala m'mizinda ndi m'midzi. Komabe, malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi nkhalango pafupi ndi mitsinje ndi dziwe, ndi nyengo yofunda.

Raccoon amadziwika ndi muzzle wopepuka wokhala ndi mzere wamdima wakuda. Chifukwa cha "chigoba cha bandit" ichi nyama zimadziwika mosavuta

Maonekedwe a fodya

M'mawonekedwe, raccoon ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi galu wa raccoon. Ali ndi thupi lodzaza, lomwe limakhala ndi zazifupi zazifupi zokhala ndi zala zazitali komanso zolimba, zokhala ndi zikhadabo zoonda komanso zazitali zomwe sizitalika.

Mapazi a mapazi a nyama samakutidwa ndi ubweya. Komanso chochititsa chidwi ndichakuti pakuyenda, amapuma paliponse pamiyendo, ndipo pakuyima, kokha pazala.

Mutu waukulu ndi phokoso lakuthwa, mkamwa mwake muli mano okwana 42.
Koma koposa zonse, raccoon ndiyotchuka chifukwa cha ubweya wake - wamtali, wautali komanso wofunda - ndichifukwa chake nyama iyi imakonda kukhala yosodza mosaloledwa.

Mtundu wa ubweya ndi msanganizo wa imvi, yakuda ndi yachikaso, yomwe nthawi zina, itasungunuka, imakhala ndi mitu yasiliva.

Ndipo zachidziwikire, mchira wodziwika bwino wa rrocon, womwe umakhala ndi mphete zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zakuda kwambiri.

Mverani liwu la raccoon raccoon

Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu kumatha kufika 15-16 makilogalamu, ngakhale pafupifupi ndi makilogalamu 6.7, ndipo amuna nthawi zonse amakhala olemera kuposa achikazi.

Ponena za kukula kwake, kutalika kwa raccoon ndi pafupifupi 65 cm, kutalika kwa mchira ndi 25 cm, kutalika kwa kufota kumakhala mpaka 35 cm.

Khalidwe la fodya ndi zakudya

Raccoon amakhala ndi moyo wachisangalalo. Masana amagona panthambi za mitengo yotsika, m'maenje kapena kumiyala yosiyidwa. Ndi isanayambike kusaka.

Ma Raccoon ali ndi maso abwino kwambiri, omwe amawathandiza kuti azitha kumva bwino kwambiri mumdima. Komanso ndi okwera bwino kwambiri ndipo amakwera mitengo mosamala. Kuphatikiza apo, miyendo yawo yolimba komanso zala zake zokulirapo imawalola kuchita izi mbali iliyonse - mmwamba, pansi, mozondoka komanso ngakhale mozondoka, ndikulendewera ngati ma slows.

Ma Raccoon amayenda pamtunda pang'onopang'ono, koma pakagwa ngozi amathanso kuthamanga, ndikupanga liwiro lakufika pa 30 km / h.

Mitundu yonse ya ma raccoon amasambira bwino, koma amatero pokhapokha pakufunika.

Ponena za chakudyacho, ngakhale kuti raccoon amadziwika kuti ndi wadyera, amakhalabe owopsa. Ndi chisangalalo chofananacho, iye amadya zonse zadyedwa ndi nyama, ngakhale kuti sananyalanyaze kuwonongeka kwa zisa, koma kukhala pafupi ndi munthu, amathanso kuwombera.

M'nyengo yonse ya chilimwe, raccoon amadya mwachangu, kudziunjikira mafuta osunthika ofunikira kugona tulo nthawi yachisanu, makulidwe omwe nthawi zina amatha kufika 3 cm.

Kuswana kwa fodya

Nyengo yonse yamatumba, mwana wamkazi wamwamuna amakonda kutukula gawo lake, kufunafuna akwatibwi.

Raccoons (lat. Proscion) - mtundu woyimiriridwa ndi zolengedwa zoyamwitsa za banja la a Raccoon.Nyama zoterezi zidadziwika ndi dzina lachi India loti "Arakun", kutanthauza "kukwaza ndi manja awo."

Mitundu ya Striped Raccoon

Pakadali pano, magulu makumi awiri mphambu awiri a raccoon-raccoon (Rocyon lototr) ndiosiyanitsidwa, kuphatikiza oyimira angapo a mitundu yokhala pachilumbachi. Masiku ano, imodzi mwa mitundu ya zachilengedweyi yatha. Ma subspecies omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi Tresmarias raccoon ndi ramasoni a Bahamas. Tresmarias raccoon (Рrosyon lotor insularis). Nyamayi imakhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi ndi mchira m'masentimita 85- 90.

Chovala cha oimira mabungwe amtunduwu chimazimiririka komanso yochepa. M'mimba mwa nyamayo amaphimbidwa ndi ubweya wa bulauni wokhala ndi zovala zamkati. Chochititsa chidwi ndi chigoba cha angular. Bahamian raccoon (Procyon lotor maynardi). Nyama yakudya nyama yokhala ndi maonekedwe osagawika kwambiri kumtundu wakuthengo wa raccoon-raccoon. Nyamayi ndi yaying'ono, yomwe ndi chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha kufalikira kwapadera pachilumba.

Ndizosangalatsa! Ubweya wokhazikika bwino komanso khungu lowonda kwambiri limapereka chitetezo chokwanira ku kulumidwa ndi tizilombo tina ta kuthengo.

Kutalika kwakanthawi kwa thupi ndi mutu ndi 41,5-60.0 masentimita ndi mchira kutalika kosaposa 20.0-40.5 cm. Mwamuna wamkulu nthawi zambiri amakhala wamkulu kuposa wamkazi. Khungu limakhala laimvi, lomwe limakhala ndi kuwala kwa khosi komanso kutsogolo kwa thupi. Nthawi zina pafupifupi anthu akuda kwathunthu amapezeka. Mphete zachikuda zisanu mpaka khumi zilipo pa mchira wa chilombo.

Habitat, malo okhala

Mzere wa Raccoon uli m'gulu la nzika zachilengedwe zakumpoto ndi Central America. Zinachokera m'malo amenewa kuti nyamayo idabweretsa kudera la Europe ndi ku maiko ena aku Asia. Pakadali pano, mitundu ya raccoon yatukuka bwino kwambiri m'maiko osiyanasiyana oyimiridwa ndi Azerbaijan, Belarus, Germany ndi France, komanso Netherlands. M'malo ena ku Russia ndizothekanso kukumana ndi ma fodya, koma nthawi zambiri nyama yam'madzi imadziwika ku Far East.

Oimira mitundu ina amakonda kukhazikika m'malo otentha kapena osakanikirana, makamaka m'malo otsika kapena otsika. Pafupi ndi malo omwe amakhala nthawi zonse pamakhala malo osungira, omwe amathanso kukhala mtsinje, dambo kapena nyanja, komanso mtsinje. Zovala zazingwe zamtunda zomwe zimakhala kum'mwera ndizotheka kupangira nyumba zawo gombe.

Ndizosangalatsa! M'madera akuluakulu a North America, alimi ambiri amakakamizidwa kumenya nkhondo ndi ma fodya, chifukwa nyama zamtchire nthawi zambiri zimakonda kulanda malo obzala minda kapena nyumba za nkhuku.

Nyama yamtchire siyimawopa anthu, chifukwa chake imakhala patali kwambiri ndi mizinda kapena matauni amudzi. Zovala zazingwe zamtambo zimapezekanso m'mapaki akuluakulu amtawuni ndi mabwalo, m'misika ndi kunja kwa minda.

Kodi fodya amakhala kuti ndipo amawoneka bwanji

Chilombo chakuthengo, chamizeremizere, chokhala nazo t: thupi lowonda, mchira wopindika ndi miyendo yayifupi. Kutalika pafupifupi - 34-60 cm, ndi kulemera kosaposa 10 kg. Utoto wake umakhala wachikasu kwambiri, wokhala ndi mbali zakuda ndi msana. Chowonekera bwino kunjaku ndi mikwingwirima pachira ndi kumaso. Mukasuntha, imapumula pamiyendo yonse inayi, koma osati kwathunthu. Phazi lonse limabwera ndikakhala m'malo omasuka.

Gawo logawidwa lachilengedwe cha mitundu yayikulu ya rfishon:

Ntchito yayikulu imawonetsedwa usiku, ndipo masana amawatsanulira m'maenje kapena zisa za anthu ena. Samakumba thumba pazokha. Amakhazikika bwino pakakhala kuwala, kusambira bwino.

Momwe mungadyere ndi moyo wamtundu wanji

Ichi ndi nyama yotere yomwe imasinthasintha mosavuta mawonekedwe anthropogenic. Zokonzekera kukhazikika mu nkhokwe zowoneka bwino ndi mitengo yambiri yazikale.Iwo okha, sangathe kudzithandiza okha nyumba, chifukwa amasintha malo omwe amapezeka. Nthawi zina nyama zosakwana 10 zimayikika munyenje imodzi. Usiku amapita kukafunafuna chakudya. Kutali kuposa 2 km, musachoke kunyumba kwanu.

Mumdima wathunthu, amakhala omasuka, momwe amawonera usiku. Yambirani bwino pamiyendo chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa nsapato zazitali ndi mapazi osinthika. Mutha kuwona moyang'ana pansi atapendekera kwa iwo kapena kutsika pamtengo. Woimira yekhayo wa genus yemwe amabisalira. Komabe, kugona kumagona pang'ono komanso kwakanthawi. Chifukwa chake, ku Canada amagona miyezi 4-5, ndipo kumwera sangagone konse.

Zakudya za raccoon ndizosiyanasiyana . Izi zikuphatikiza:

Kutengera nyengo, zokonda zimasintha. Chifukwa chake, kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi chilimwe, chimatsamira pazakudya za nyama, ndipo pafupi ndi nthawi yophukira imasinthira masamba. Chizindikiro chazinthu zamtunduwu ndikutsuka kwathunthu chilichonse chomwe chiri chokonzeka kuyika pakamwa panu m'madzi. Ali mu ukapolo, amachita izi, ngakhale ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri. Pokhala malo okhala pafupi ndi anthu, amakonda kuyang'ana zinyalala. Ali ndi malingaliro okhudzika okhudzidwa omwe amalandila zambiri.

Raccoon ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira. . Matenda opatsirana komanso owopsa samalandira. Wokhoza kuyipsa moyenerera pomenya nkhondo. Ndipo chiwopsezo chenicheni chimawopseza kuchokera kumbali: mimbulu, coyote, mamba, lynxes, kadzidzi, njoka. Ngati raccoon ataona kuti sizingatheke kuthawa, nthawi yomweyo amangoyerekeza kuti wafa. Mwa kupsa mtima, ichi ndi chofunsa, chanzeru, chopusa, chanzeru. Posachedwa, adayamba kumuzolowera momwe zinthu zilili kunyumba. Chiyembekezo chamoyo chazaka zosaposa 15−20.