Zovala zazingwe (lat. Cebuella pygmaea) - mtundu wa anyani ochokera ku banja la marmoset (Chikalak) Ndi m'modzi wa oyimira ang'ono kwambiri m'gulu lonse la anyani.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a marmoset

Igrunka iyi ndi nyani yaying'ono kwambiri. Zomwe zimayandikira zimakhudzana ndi dzanja la munthu wamkulu. Kukula kwake popanda mchira ndi masentimita 11 mpaka 15. Mchira weniweniwo ndi wautali wa 17-22 cm. Mwanayo amalemera 100-150 g. Nyama iyi imakhala ndi tsitsi lalitali komanso lakuda.

Chifukwa cha nyani wake amawoneka wokulirapo. Mtundu waubweya wamba marmoset pafupi ndi khuni lofiira, koma limatha kukhala lobiriwira, komanso madontho akuda kapena oyera.

Mizere ya tsitsi imatuluka pakapukutira m'malo angapo, omwe amafanana ndi mkango. Maso ali mozungulira komanso owonekera. Makutu ake amabisika pansi pa tsitsi lakuda. Pamiyendo pali zala zisanu zazing'ono zokhala ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa.

Mchira sugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dzanja. Kuyang'ana chithunzi marmoset, mumazindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti amalimbikitsa chikondi komanso chikondi. Marmosets amatha nthawi yawo yambiri panthambi za mitengo.

Amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Monga abale awo onse, njira yomwe anyani amakonda amakonda kusamalira tsitsi lawo komanso tsitsi la mabanja awo. Monkey Monkey kwambiri pama foni.

Amalumphira kwambiri. Ndipo, ngakhale kutalika kwake, kulumpha kwa nyani ndi kutalika mpaka mamita 2. Mawu awo amafanana ndi kutuwa kwa mbalame. Ofufuzawo anawerenga mawu omwe anatulutsidwa kuzungulira 10.

Nyengo zam'minda zimachita nawo chinsinsi, zomwe zimabisidwa ndi mitundu yayikulu. Adzalandira malo awo kuchokera kwa aliyense amene akufuna kubwera ngati mlendo wosapemphedwa. Nkhondoyo imatha kutha osati ndi phokoso komanso mayendedwe achenjeza, komanso kumenyedwa kwina. Ngakhale chithunzi chake chokongola, am'madzi am'madzi Osayimirira pamwambo ndi anthu osafunika.

Amawonetsa kukwiya kwawo ndi maso opindika, msana wopindika ndi kulera ubweya. Mtsogoleriyo akuwoneka wowopsa, mdani, ndi nsidze zake, ndikusuntha makutu ake. Chitoliro cha mchira chikuwonetsa kukonzekera kuukira.

Koma machitidwe oterowo nthawi zambiri samachitika chifukwa cha mdaniyo; Koma kwenikweni nyani si wa anyani ankhanza. Mwachilengedwe, ndi amanyazi, ndipo kudana kwawo sikungamveke. Koma ngati m'madzi akuwopa kwambiri, amayamba kufuula kuti amveke patali kwambiri.

Malo okhala malo okhala

Mitundu ya Marmosets zambiri za 40. Zazikulu: marmoset amamera, marmoset wamba ndi chovala choyera. Amakhala kumwera kwa Amazon. Amapezeka m'malo monga Colombia, Ecuador, Peru ndi Brazil.

Nthawi zambiri anyani amapezeka kutali ndi mitsinje, m'malo omwe mumasefukira nthawi yamvula. Kukhazikika kumagwa chaka chilichonse 1000-2000 mm. Kutentha kwawo kovomerezeka kumachokera pa 19 mpaka 25 ° C. Mitundu ina yazolowera kukhala m'malo ovuta kumpoto kwa Atlantic. Kapenanso m'malo ovuta kumene mvula imagwera nthawi yake.

Chilala chimatha kupitilira miyezi 10. Kutentha m'malo ngati amenewa sikakhazikika monga nkhalango za Amazon. Ndipo mmera mulimera zochepa. Nyama sizimatsika pansi. Nthawi yambiri imathera pamitengo. Koma anyani samakwera pamwamba kwambiri, koma amakhala mkati mwa 20 metres ya dziko lapansi, kuti asakhale ozunzidwa ndi mbalame zodyedwa.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi loyera

Marmosets Amagona usiku, ndipo adadzuka masana. Dzukani pakatha mphindi 30 dzuwa litayamba kuwoneka ndipo mugone mphindi 30 lisanalowe. Usiku ndi dzenje mumtengo wokhala ndi korona wowonda, womwe umalumikizidwa ndi mtengo. Kwa hafu ya tsiku amadzuka padzuwa, ndipo nthawi yotsalayo amayang'ana chakudya ndikusamalirana tsitsi.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera

Amakhulupirira kuti ma marmosets am'madzi amtundu wina ndi osiyana ndi anyani ena, ambiri omwe amapezeka mumtundu wotchedwa Callithrix + Mico, motero amakhala a fuko lawo, Cebuella, m'banja la Callitrichidae. Pakati pa primatologists, pamakhala kutsutsana za mtundu woyenera wa mtundu womwe marmoset amayikidwapo. Kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi mitundu ya mitundu ya nyukiliya yomwe imamanga mitundu itatu ya marmosets, adawonetsa kuti nthawi zakuchuluka, siliva, ndi kuphatikiza wamba kwa marmoset zidachitika zaka zosakwana 5 miliyoni zapitazo, zomwe zingakhale zomveka kwa mitundu ya mtundu womwewo.

Kanema: Zabwino

Komabe, kupatukana kwotsatira kwa siliva marmoset (C. argentata) ndi wamba (C. jacchus) m'magulu amitundu kunawalola kuyikidwa mu genera losiyana (gulu la argentata linasamutsidwira ku geno Mico), yomwe imalimbikitsa kusungidwa kwa mtundu wina wamagulu am'mphepete mwa marmosets, ngati Callithrix salinso gulu la paraphyletic. Kafukufuku wam'mbuyomu komanso zama molekyu achititsa kuti pakhale kukangana kwakukulu komwe anyani amtundu wake ali a Callithrix kapena Cebuella.

Pali magulu awiri a C. pygmaea:

• Cebuella pygmaea pygmaea - kumpoto / kumadzulo kwa marmoset,
• Cebuella pygmaea niveiventris ndimalo oyambira kum'mawa.

Pali zosiyana zochepa pamikhalidwe pakati pamitundu iyi, chifukwa zimatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono komanso ndizongolekanitsidwa ndi malo ena, kuphatikiza mitsinje yayikulu ku Central ndi South America. Kusintha kwa mtunduwu kunasiyana ndi kulemera kwa thupi kuchokera kwa oyimira wamba anyani, chifukwa nyamayo inali ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa intrauterine komanso kukula kwa nthawi ya kubala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti progenis adatenge mbali yofunika kwambiri pakusintha kwanyama iyi.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Chithunzi: Marmoset Monkey

Igrunka ndi amodzi mwa anyani ang'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi, kutalika kwake ndi thupi kuyambira 117 mpaka 152 mm ndi mchira kuchokera 172 mpaka 229 mm. Kulemera kwamunthu wamkulu kumangoposa magalamu 100. Mtundu wa ubweya ndi msanganizo wa bulauni, wobiriwira, wagolide, imvi ndi wakuda kumbuyo ndi mutu komanso wachikaso, lalanje ndi bulauni pansi. Pali mphete zakuda pa mchira wa nyani, malo oyera pamasaya, ndi mzere woyera wopindika pakati pa maso.

Ma Cuba poyamba amakhala ndi mitu imvi komanso torso yachikasu, tsitsi lalitali lomwe limakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Njira yaukalamba imawonekera m'mwezi woyamba wamoyo. Ngakhale ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi samawerengeka ngati amuna amiseche, akazi amatha kukhala olemera pang'ono kuposa amuna. Tsitsi lalitali lazizungulira nkhope ndi khosi kumawapangitsa kuti aziwoneka ngati amuna onga mkango.

Chosangalatsa: Kachilomboka kali ndi mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana yokhala pamitengo, kuphatikiza kutembenukira mutu wake ndi 180 °, komanso nsapato zakuthwa zomwe zimamangirira nthambi.

Mano a nyani akakhala ndi zofunikira zapadera zomwe zimasinthidwa kuti zipange mabowo mumitengo ndikuthandizira kutuluka kwa sap. Bulu wam'madzi wapaulendo amayenda pamiyendo yonse inayi ndipo amatha kudumpha mpaka 5 mamita pakati pa nthambi. Mitundu yofananira yakum'mawa ndi kumadzulo ndiyovuta kusiyanitsa, koma nthawi zina imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tsitsi.

Kodi nsapatozo zimakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Zojambula bwino m'chilengedwe

Mbawala ya marmoset, yomwe imadziwika kuti nyani yocheperako, ndi mtundu wa nyani wa New World. Mtundu wa anyaniwo umadutsa kumapiri a Andes kum'mwera kwa Colombia komanso kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Peru, kenako kummawa kudutsa kumpoto kwa Bolivia kupita ku chigwa cha Amazon ku Brazil.

Marmosets amatha kupezeka kumadzulo ambiri a Amazon, kuphatikiza:

Western marmoset (C. p. Pygmaea) amapezeka ku Amazonas, Brazil, Peru, kumwera kwa Colombia, komanso kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Ecuador. Ndipo nyani wakummawa wakum'mawa (C. p. Niveiventris) amapezekanso ku Amazonas, kupatula izi ku Acre, Brazil, kum'mawa kwa Peru ndi Bolivia. Kugawika kwa mitundu yonseyi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa chifukwa cha mitsinje. Monga lamulo, mbalamezi zimakhala m'nkhalango zobiriwira, pafupi ndi mitsinje, komanso m'nkhalango zomwe kusefukira madzi. Ochita masewerawa amakhala nthawi yayitali m'mitengo, ndipo nthawi zambiri samatsikira pansi.

Kuchulukana kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu kumakhala ndi masheya akudya. Nyani imatha kupezeka pakati pa nthaka ndipo osapitirira 20 metres pamitengo. Nthawi zambiri samakwera pamwamba pa denga. Marmosets nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo okhala ndi madzi osasunthika. Amachita bwino m'nkhalango zowirira. Kuphatikiza apo, anyaniwa amawonedwa akukhala ku nkhalango zachiwiri.

Tsopano mukudziwa komwe nyani nyani wam'madzi amakhala. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe amadya.

Kodi marmoset amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Dwarf Marmoset

Nyani amadya kwambiri chingamu, madzi, phula ndi zina zina kuchokera kumitengo. Makina apamwamba apansi olimbitsa mtima amalola ochita masewerawa kukumba kabowo mozungulira mumtengo kapena mu mpesa. Madziwo atayamba kutuluka kuchokera mdzenjemo, nyani amatenga ndi lilime lake.

Magulu ambiri amawonetsa zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Popeza kutseguka kwakale kwambiri kopangidwa ndi anyani mumtengowo ndikotsika kwambiri, titha kulingalira kuti amakweza mtengo, ndikupanga mabowo atsopano, mpaka mtengowo sukutulutsanso madzi okwanira. Gululi limasamukira ku gwero latsopano la chakudya.

Zakudya zodziwika bwino za marmoset zimaphatikizapo:

Kuyang'aniridwa kwa nyama zakutchire zomwe zawonongeka kunawonetsa kuti mbewu sizinasankhidwe mwangozi. Nyama zimakonda kusankha mitunduyi ndi zomwe zimakonda kwambiri kunyumba kwawo. Chuma chake ndi chilichonse chomwe chimasungidwa pamtengo. Tizilombo, makamaka ziwala, ndi chakudya cholandirika tikachoka kale.

Marmoset amathanso kudikirira tizilombo, makamaka agulugufe, omwe amakopeka ndi madzi ochokera m'maenje. Kuphatikiza apo, nyaniyo amakwaniritsa chakudya ndi timadzi tokoma komanso zipatso. Gulu la gululi limachokera ku mahekitala 0,1 mpaka 0,4, ndipo kudyetsa kumakhazikika pamtengo umodzi kapena iwiri nthawi. Tamarins nthawi zambiri amabzala mabowo opangidwa ndi marmosets kuti adye zipatso zamadzimadzi.

Nyani zazimphongo zazimuna ndi zazikazi zimasiyana pakamalidwe kake pakasaka zakudya komanso kudya, ngakhale mphamvu zazimuna ndi zazikazi komanso zankhanza zimasiyana kutengera mtundu. Amuna amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yofunafuna chakudya komanso magwero odyetsa chifukwa cha ntchito yosamalira mwana komanso kukhala tcheru ndi nyama zomwe zimadyedwa.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Chithunzi: Common Marmoset

Pafupifupi anthu 83% mwa anthu okhala m'mabwato amakhala m'magulu awiriawiri mpaka asanu ndi anayi, kuphatikizapo wamwamuna wamkulu, wamkazi wamkazi, ndi mpaka anayi oyimira ana. Ngakhale maguluwa amaphatikizapo anthu am'banja lokha, nyumba zina zimaphatikizanso munthu m'modzi kapena awiri akulu. Nyani wa monkey amatsogolera moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Anthu amathandizana wina ndi mnzake, kuwonetsa njira yapadera yolankhulirana.

Kuphatikiza pa kulumikizana kotereku, anyaniwa alinso nyama zakutchire zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito timinyewa tambiri kutanthauza madera 40 km2. Amasankha malo ogona pafupi ndi gwero la chakudya, ndipo mamembala onse a gululo amadzuka ndi kupita kukafunafuna chakudya dzuwa litatuluka. Zochita pagulu zimadziwika pakati pamitu iwiri yakudyetsa - imodzi itadzuka, yachiwiri kumapeto kwausiku.

Chosangalatsa: Mamembala am'magulu amalumikizana pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yovuta yomwe imaphatikizapo mawu, mankhwala, ndi mawonekedwe owoneka. Nyimbo zitatu zokulira zimatengera mtunda womwe mawu amayenera kuyenda. Nyani izi zimathanso kupanga mawonekedwe owoneka ndikawopsezedwa, kapena kuwonetsa mphamvu.

Chizindikiro cha mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku tiziwalo timene timatulutsa m'chifuwa ndi pachifuwa komanso kumaliseche chimathandiza kuti chikazi chizitha kuzindikira kwa wamwamuna chikakwanitsa kubereka. Nyama zimatha kumamatira kumaso kwawo ndikugunda kwake lakuthwa pakudya.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Marmoset Hatchling

Marmosets amadziwika kuti ndi amwano okha. Amuna akunyumba mosasamala anakhalabe ndi mwayi wopezeka ndi akazi obereketsa. Komabe, polyandry imawonedwa m'magulu ndi amuna angapo. Zachikazi sizimawonetsa chizindikiro chakunja kwa mazira, koma kafukufuku wa nyama zakuthengo akuwonetsa kuti zazikazi zimatha kufotokozera zamtundu wawo wamwamuna pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiritso kapena zochita zawo. Mu marmosets, palibe kuphatikizika komwe kunapezeka pakati pa chiwerengero cha amuna akuluakulu ndi kuchuluka kwa ana.

Nyani zazikazi zazikazi zimatha kubereka ana 1 mpaka 3, koma nthawi zambiri zimabereka ana amapasa. Pafupifupi milungu itatu itabadwa, zazikazi zimagwera pambuyo pa kubereka, nthawi yomwe matendawo imachitika. Kutalika kwa pakati ndi miyezi pafupifupi 4.5, i.e., miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha ya ma marmosets atsopano amabadwa. Anyani akuthwa ali ndi machitidwe othandiza ana kusamalira ana, koma ndi wamkazi m'modzi yekha yemwe ali pagululi amene amabala ana.

Chosangalatsa: Makanda obadwa kumene amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 16. Atatha kudyetsa kwa miyezi itatu ndikuyamba kutha msinkhu pachaka chimodzi ndi theka, amafikira kulemera kwawo kwa zaka pafupifupi ziwiri. Achichepere nthawi zambiri amakhala m'gulu lawo mpaka magawo awiri otsatira atha. Achibale nawonso amatenga nawo mbali posamalira ana.

Khanda limafunikira chisamaliro chachikulu, motero, kutenga nawo mbali kwa mabanja ambiri posamalira kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa maola omwe amawonedwa polera ana, komanso kuphunzitsa ana awo kukhala makolo. Mamembala amgulu, nthawi zambiri akazi, amatha kuchedwetsa kubereka kwawo poletsa ovulation kusamalira ana a ena m'gululi. Chiwerengero choyenera cha anthu omwe akusamalira chithokomiro cha mwana chili pafupifupi faifi. Oyang'anira amafunika kupeza chakudya cha ana ndipo amathandizanso abambo kuti azisamalira ana omwe angadye.

Adani achilengedwe a marmosets

Mtundu wa chikasu, zobiriwira komanso zofiirira zimapatsa mwayi kubisalira m'nkhalango. Kuphatikiza apo, anyaniwa apanga zida zoyankhulirana kuti achenjeze za zomwe zingawopseze. Komabe, kukula kwawo kochepa thupi kumawapangitsa kukhala mwayi wogwira mbalame zodyera, zazing'onoting'ono zazing'ono komanso njoka zokwera.

Zinyama zodziwika kwambiri zomwe zikulimbana ndi marmost zimaphatikizapo:

Zikuwoneka kuti gawo lalikulu kwambiri lomwe anyani ang'onoang'ono awa amachita mu chilengedwe chawo ndi zokhudzana ndi njira yawo yoyamba yopezera zakudya, chifukwa izi zimakhudza thanzi la mitengo yomwe amadya. Nyani zikuluzikulu zokulirapo, zomwe zimadyanso zotuluka, zimatha kufinya timagulu ting'onoting'ono tomwe timayamwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito mabowo omwe abowola kale. Pokhapokha ngati izi zimachitika, kulumikizana pakati pa C. pygmaea ndi anyani ena kumachitika popanda zovuta.

Chosangalatsa: Kuyambira m'ma 1980s, ku North America konse, marmoset akhala akuthiridwa ndi kachilombo ka lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCMV), konyamulidwa ndi mbewa yabwinobwino. Izi zadzetsa matenda ambiri a hepatitis (CH) pakati pa anyani ogwidwa.

Nyerere zimatha kulowa mumabowo obowoleramo mitengo, ndiye kuti ma marm amakakamizika kuchoka. Nyani zazikazi zowononga amatha kutenga kachilombo ka Toxoplasma gondii, komwe kumayambitsa kupha toxoplasmosis. Kutalika kwa anyani amphaka zakutchire ndi ochepa, komabe, mbalame zodya nyama, zazing'onong'ono komanso njoka zikuluzikulu ndizofala masiku ano.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Chithunzi: Marmoset Monkey

Amakhulupirira kuti anyani am'madzi ochepa sakhala pachiwopsezo chakuchepera chifukwa chakugawa kwawo kambiri. Zotsatira zake, adalembedwa mu Red Book ngati mitundu ya zinthu zosafunikira kwenikweni. Pakadali pano, nyamazo sizikukumana ndi zoopsa, ngakhale anthu ena amderalo atha kusowa malo okhala.

Chosangalatsa: Marmoset adasungidwa kale ku CITES Appendix I mu 1977-1979 pokhudzana ndi malonda amtchire, koma idatsitsidwa ku Appendix II. Amawopsezedwa ndi kutaya malo okhala m'malo ena, komanso kugulitsa nyama zapakhomo mwa ena (mwachitsanzo, ku Ecuador).

Kulumikizana komwe kumachitika pakati pa munthu ndi chimphona kumalumikizidwa ndi kusintha zingapo pamakhalidwe, kuphatikiza kusewera pagulu ndi zizindikiro zomveka, zomwe ndizofunikira pakulankhulana kwa nyama pakati pa nyama. Makamaka kumadera komwe kuli zokopa alendo ambiri, anyani amtundu wa m'madzi amakhala amtendere, osakonda kuchita zachiwawa, osasewera. Amadzazidwa m'malo akutali kwambiri a nkhalango yamvula kuposa momwe iwo amafunira.

Igrunka chifukwa chakuchepa kwawo komanso chikhalidwe chawo chomvera, amapezeka kawiri kawiri m'mafakitale osowa nyama. Ntchito zokopa alendo zapa Habitat zikugwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa nsomba. Izi zinyalala nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kumalo osungira nyama komwe zimakhala m'magulu.

Habitat

Marmosets amakhala ku South America America. Amapezeka m'mphepete mwa Amazon, ku Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia. Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi mitsinje ndi zigawo za nkhalango, zomwe zimasefukira panthawi yamvula, komanso m'mphepete mwa nkhalango. Amakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri pamtengo, osakwera pamwamba pamtunda wa 18-20 mamita. Kawirikawiri samatsikira pansi, makamaka chakudya.

Zosangalatsa

Nyani zazing'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi kutalika mpaka masentimita 15, kulemera mpaka magalamu 190. Makanda obadwa kumene olemera pafupifupi magalamu 16, omwe ndi 1/6 a kulemera kwa amayi. Ma marmosets okhala ndi makhwala amakhala ku South America. Amakhala ndi zochita zambiri. Amakhala makamaka mumitengo. Amadyetsa timadziti tamitengo, zipatso zam'mera, nyama zazing'ono.

Moyo

Nyani zazing'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi zimagwira makamaka m'mawa ndi masana. Amayenda pamiyendo inayi. Zovala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitengo kuti zikhale bwino. Amatha kuyenda motsutsana ndi nthambi zodumphaduka. Amalumphira pamtunda pafupifupi mamita 4, amatha kupindika nthambi zazitali ndi mipesa, motero amayenda kuchoka ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi.

Marmosets ndi ochezeka, ndipo amalumikizana nthawi zonse, tsiku lonse. Mu chilankhulo chawo mumamveka mawu ambiri osonyeza zochitika zina: kupotokola, kutulutsa mawu, ngakhale kumveka kunja kwa makutu a munthu.

Nyaniwa amakhala m'matumba oyambitsidwa ndi awiri. Gulu limatha kukhala ndi mibadwo inayi ya ana. Sizikudziwika ngati ali ndi moyo wamtala kapena wamitala. Mwachidziwikire kuti pagulu lililonse ndimakhala amodzi. M'magulu ochezera, kusamalira tsitsi la anthu ammudzi kumabweretsa gawo lofunikira.

Alibe nyengo yoswana. Yaikazi imaberekera ana kwa miyezi pafupifupi 4.5, monga momwe zimakhalira amapasa, amapita patatu. Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuchokera pakubadwa, mkaziyo amakhala okonzekera kutenga pakati kachiwiri.

Makanda obadwa kumene amakhala ndi magalamu 16 okha. Komabe, ponena za kulemera kwa amayi, ichi ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zazikuluzikulu zamakedzana - 1/6 ya kulemera kwa amayi. Ana atha kukhala opanda thandizo ndipo amafuna chisamaliro. Udindo wa nannie amatengedwa ndi anthu ena pagululo. Amanyamula tiana tathupi ndipo amabwera ndi amake pokhapokha kuti adyetse. Pakatha miyezi itatu, anawo ali okonzekera moyo wodziyimira payekha, koma amakhalabe ndi mabanja awo.

Ana a nkhono amakhala m'malo okhala ma kilomita 0,4. Amayika madera awo mothandizidwa ndi fungo ndipo amatha kuyang'anira nkhosa zina. Nthawi zina ndewu zimachitika, koma zambiri zimangoopseza.

Choopsa chachikulu pa anyaniwa ndi kuukira kwa njoka ndi mbalame. Komanso, malonda a ziweto amapititsidwa kwa iwo.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Nyani yaying'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi pano imakonda mitengo yomwe imata poterera khungwa ndi mano. Kuphatikiza apo, amadya zazing'ono zapakudya ndi tizilombo. Nthawi zina amadya zipatso.

Ma marmosets am'madzi amtunduwu amakhala ndi zipatso, zipatso, masamba, nyama, nsomba ndi mazira.

Kufalitsa

Mabwinja okhala ndi nkhokwe amakhala ku Amazon, kumwera kwa Colombia, Ecuador, madera akumpoto kwa Peru ndi Bolivia, komanso kumadzulo kwa Brazil. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mphepete mwa nkhalangoyi, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje komanso m'nkhalango momwe madzi amasefukira ndi nyengo zina. Ambiri mwa moyo wawo amawonongeka pamitengo, koma nthawi zina amatsikira pansi.

Khalidwe

Ma marmosets amango amagwira ntchito m'mawa ndi masana ndipo amakhala pamitengo. Amayenda pamiyendo inayi, kuphatikiza nthambi zowongoka, ndipo amatha kudumpha mpaka mita. Ma marrose okhala m'gulu lankhondo amakhala m'magulu amitundu yambiri. Kudzikongoletsa mosiyanasiyana kumathandiza kwambiri pamaubwenzi awo. Ma marrose okhala ndi chizimba amadzaza gawo lawo ndi zinsinsi zobisika kuchokera ku ma glands apadera, ndipo alendo ochokera m'magulu ena, monga lamulo, amafuwulidwatu. Nthawi zina imatha kumenyananso.

Kuswana

Malinga ndi zomwe akatswiri ena amati, mbalame zazikazi zazikazi zimakhala zazing'ono koma zina zimati akazi amakhala ndi amuna angapo. Pambuyo pa kutenga pakati, mpaka masiku 150, monga lamulo, ana awiri aamuna amabadwa. Abambo ndi amuna ena ochokera pagululi amathandizira kulera ana, kuwanyamula pamsana ndikubweretsa amayi awo kuti adyetse mkaka. Pazaka ziwiri, ma maridoni achichepere amakhala okhwima. Nthawi yayitali kwambiri yomwe nyama zimawonedwa inali zaka 11.

Mtengo Wodziwika bwino

Mtengo wapamwamba osati pang'ono. Sewu malo ogulitsa ziweto onse omwe angagule. Bulu laling'ono limagulitsidwa mwamseri kapena m'mizinda yayikulu monga Moscow kapena Kiev. Marmazette ku Kiev amataya 54,000 gr. Mtengo wam'munda wam'madzi ku Moscow kuchokera ku rubles 85,000.

Chovala choyera cha eyera mtengo kuchokera 75,000 mpaka 110,000 rubles. Ngati pali chikhumbo ndi mwayi wopeza chithumwa, ndiye mugule marmoset sichikhala chophweka. Izi ndichifukwa choti ochepa alipo ogulitsa.

Habitat

Kuthengo, marmoset amapezeka kumtunda kwa Amazon, kum'mwera kwa Colombia ndi Ecuador, kumpoto kwa Bolivia ndi Peru, komanso kumadera akumadzulo kwa Brazil. Nyani zazing'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi zimakonda kukhala m'mitengo, nthawi zina, zimatsika kuti zisadziike pachiwopsezo chifukwa chadyedwa ndi zilombo.

Zofunikira za Terrarium

Mphamvu yotentha ya terrarium iyenera kukhala 25-29 ° C, chinyezi cha mpweya - 60%. "Nyumba" ya marmoset iyenera kutetezedwa kukakonza. Nyani zazing'onozi zimakonda kusuntha, motero payenera kukhala nthambi zambiri zazikulu ndi mbewa zopotera, pamalo pomwe anyani amalumpha mwakufuna kwawo.

Kuphatikiza apo, malo okhala nyani amayenera kukhala ndi malo okhala okwanira, momwe amatha kubisala ngati china chake chingamuwope. Malo achinsinsi ngati amenewa ndiofunika kwambiri kuti nyama izitonthoza.

Marmosets ndi nyama yapaulendo, chifukwa chake, kusankha kupeza nyani, muyenera kukhala okonzekera kuti nthawi yomweyo mudzakhala ndi ziweto ziwiri. Chifukwa chake, malo ogwiritsira ntchito banjali ayenera kukhala ochuluka momwe angathere: osachepera mita m'litali ndi mita awiri kutalika.

Zinyenyeswazi zimagwira ntchito masana kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuvutika chifukwa chosowa dzuwa. Pakalipano, malo opangira malo oyendetsedwa bwino amaikidwa pambali yamadzulo ya nyumbayo ndikuwunikira kwake ndi nyali zapadera.

Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa bwalo kamodzi pamwezi, nthawi yonse yomwe mungafunike kusintha nthaka yoyipitsidwa ngati pakufunika.

Kudyetsa

Kuthengo, anyani ang'onoang'ono amadya nkhuni, zomwe amazitulutsa ndi mano ake akuthwa, kukukutira makungwa a mitengo. Ali ku ukapolo, zakudya za marmoset zimakhala ndi zipatso zokhala ndi zipatso (nthochi, vwende, mango, apulo) ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Amakonda mbewa komanso timadzi tating'ono ta uchi, komanso timadziti tatsopano. Zakudya za mwana zimatha kusinthidwa ndi chakudya cha ana (popanda mkaka, kuti zisayambitse ziwengo) ndi phala.

Kuti apatse ziweto zamkati mwamphamvu, kamodzi pa sabata ndizofunikira kuti zipatsidwe zipatso zouma, komanso kugaya chakudya - bio-yogurt. Musaiwale za kuwonjezera kwa mavitamini apadera azakudya, zomwe veterinary amafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane.

Kudyetsa marmoset ndi njira yabwino yosinthira, chifukwa, kutenga chakudya kuchokera m'manja mwa munthu, woyang'anirayo amayamba kumukhulupirira.

Kusamalira ndi ukhondo

Kusamalira mwana woseketsa uyu kumabwera ndikuyeretsa nthawi zonse, chifukwa anyaniwa amachita zikhalidwe zonse zaukhondo paokha. Anyani amakongoletsa chovala chawo ndipo safuna thandizo kunja.

Mwiniwake wa marmoset amatha kusamalira bwino zikhalidwe za ziweto zake mwa kupeza zoseweretsa zosiyanasiyana kwa iwo (zoseweretsa zoteteza ana ndizabwino kwambiri). Nyaniwa amakonda kudziwa komanso kusangalala ndi chilichonse chatsopano.

Zaumoyo ndi Kuteteza

Kuthengo, kutalika kwa moyo wa mbalame yodutsa sikuposa zaka 11, ali mu ukapolo, ali ndi chisamaliro choyenera, nyani amatha kukhala ndi zaka 20.

Matenda ofala kwambiri a anyani ogwidwa ndi osteodystrophy, okwiyitsidwa ndi chakudya chopanda malire (kusowa kwa vitamini D3) ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka koyenera kwa kutentha ndi kuwala. Kuphatikiza apo, zolakwika mu zakudya za marmosets zimatha kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana amkamwa.

Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda oyamba (kutha, kuchepa kwa ntchito), muyenera kulumikizana ndi veterinarian.

Mtengo

Mtengo wapakati wa munthu wathanzi wokhala ndi zikalata zoyenera umasiyanasiyana m'chigawo cha 1500-2000 ochiritsira. Akazi, monga lamulo, ndi okwera mtengo wa 200-300 kuposa amuna.

Musanalandire chiweto chachilendo ichi, muyenera kuyerekeza zabwino ndi zabwino. Choyamba, marmosets ndi zosangalatsa mtengo, chachiwiri, amafunikira chisamaliro, chachitatu, mwana uyu ndiwogwira ntchito kwambiri, wokalamba komanso wofuna kudziwa zambiri, izi, nyama sizingakhale zotetezedwa kwathunthu, chifukwa chake sizingakhale zokhulupirika komanso abwenzi otetezeka mabanja, makamaka ana.