Akamba nthawi zambiri amasungidwa mu ukapolo, zomwe zimalola ana a sukulu kupanga ntchito yofufuza yomwe ikufuna kuphunzitsira nyama zapaderazi. Munkhaniyi, mphunzitsi apeza zofunikira zokhudzana ndi iwo, komanso malangizo kwa ophunzira, omwe angathandize kuwongolera zochitika za wofufuzayo wachinyamata "ndikulondola." Nkhaniyi idalembedwa ndi katswiri wazikhalidwe, yemwe kwa nthawi yayitali amakhala ndi nthumwi za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya akamba akunyumba kwake ndikumawafotokozera.

Akauni ndi amodzi mwa magawo a gulu la Reptile. Ili ndi gulu lakale kwambiri lazodzikongoletsa. Amakutidwa ndi kolimba yolimba, yolimba yopangidwa ndi zikopa za dorsal (carapace) ndi zishango zam'mimba (pulasitiki). Amapangidwa ndi mafupa osinthika mtengo komanso mafupa ena, motero kamba sangathe kuchotsedwa mu chipolopolo popanda kuwononga mbali zina za mafupa ake. Kuchokera pamwamba, chigamba cha akamba ambiri chimakutidwa ndi mbale zooneka ngati nyanga ndikufanana ndi tsitsi lathu ndi misomali. Maonekedwe, kukula kwake ndi kuchuluka kwa ma mbale (zishango) ndi gawo lofunikira la mitundu. Kupatulako ndi akamba am'madzi owoneka oyera komanso achikopa, omwe alibe zikopa zotere. Mphamvu ya chipolopolo sichikhala yopanda malire: ngati imagwera pamiyala kapena phula, imatha kuwonongeka. Chiwombankhanga, chofuna kusangalala ndi nyama yatsopano, zikuluzikulu zotayira pamiyala, kenako zimangofika popanda mavuto.

M'makamba apadziko lapansi, carapace imakhala yayitali, yolamulira. Mitundu yambiri, yokhala moyo wam'madzi, imakhala yochepa komanso yolongosoka. Zikopa za Horny zomwe zimaphimba chipolopolo zimakula mu moyo wonse wa nyama. M'mitundu yomwe ikukhala ndi moyo wamkaka, pamene kudzuka kumaloledwa ndi hibernation, kukula kwa zinthu zozikika za nkhono kumawonjezeka pa nthawi yogwira ntchito, ndipo kumachepetsa kugona tulo. Chifukwa chake pazotchinga mphete zimapangidwa, zofanana ndi mphete zapachaka mumitengo. Kuchokera kwa iwo mutha kudziwa zaka za nyama. Kwa akamba omwe akukhala muukapolo osati kuziziritsa, ndizosatheka kudziwa zaka ndi mphete.

Akamba onse amakonda kukonda kutentha, koma ngakhale nzika zam'chipululu chotentha sizitha kupirira dzuwa mwachangu chifukwa cha maola otentha kwambiri masana. Pakadali pano, nyama zimapuma mozama, zotchinga kapena nthawi zambiri zimapita kukazizira. Pambuyo pake, zimatha kuyenda bwino nthawi yozizira. Mwa akamba am'madzi mumakhala mitundu yambiri ya herbivorous, kapena, mosiyana, zidyera. Mwa oyimira ambiri aiwo, zakudya zimasintha kwambiri ndi zaka. Pofalitsa, akamba (ngakhale madzi oyera komanso m'madzi) amayikira mazira pamtunda, ndikuyika m'manda mumchenga kapena gawo lina labwino. Kukula kwawo mwachindunji.

Oimira mtundu uwu wa akamba amapezeka kumpoto kwa mitundu ina yonse: amakhala m'malo ena a dziko lomwe kale linali Soviet Union, komanso m'maiko ena a Asia, kuphatikiza Pakistan, Iran ngakhale China. Pakadali pano, imabadwira muukapolo. Monga mitundu ina, anyani amphongo a ku Central Asia ali ndi mchira wautali komanso gawo lotsika la carapace - lotchedwa plastron. Mawamba a akamba awa ndi amphamvu kwambiri, ndipo gawo lakumwamba la carapace - carapace - ndi lathyathyathya. Izi zimawathandiza kuti azitha kukumba mosavuta m'malo omwe kwawo kubisala dzuwa lowala kapena chisanu.

Zotsatira zakuwona kwanga kwamunthu wa akamba osungidwa m'malo otetemera zimandilola kunena kuti nyamazo zimawonetsa luso linalake ndipo zimatha kupanga zolaula. Pofikira ku malo ogwiritsira ntchito anthu, akamba am'madzi ku Central Asia omwe anali ndi njala anakwawa molunjika pagalasi yakutsogolo ya chipindacho momwe anali ndi chiyembekezo chowona kuti angalandire chakudya, ndipo zikadakhala zovuta kuti asakumane nawo ...

Olemba ena ananena kuti akamba aku Central Asia, omwe amatulutsidwa pansi, amakumbukira njira yodyetsera mosavuta, ndikuyenda mozungulira nyumbayo ndi "njira zomwe amakonda".

Nditawona ziweto zanga, ndidazindikira kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa akamba am'kati mwa Asia, omwe akuwonetsedwa muzochita zolimbitsa thupi ndikulakalaka nthawi yomweyo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, chochititsa, mwachitsanzo, kupatsa thanzi kwa nyama inayake, ndi ntchito ya munthu wina amene wayamba kudyetsa kale. Nditasunga nkhunda zapakati ku Asia mu chipinda chomwechi ndi zomata zam'chipululu, ma gerbils aku Chimongolia, ndidawonapo zoseketsa zodzichitira nkhanza zokhala ndi makoswe ndimawu oti nditha kuwachotsa kachidutswa kabichi. Nthawi yomweyo, panali masamba a "palibe munthu" kabichi pafupi, komwe kanakhalapo osayang'aniridwa ndi "kuthamangitsa nyama".

Ndakumbukira mobwerezabwereza kuti chakudya chikatha, pafupifupi akamba onse aku Central Asia nthawi zambiri amachepetsa mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi.

Zodzikongoletsera zanga zinkakonda kuchita zikhalidwe zosakhalitsa. Mwachitsanzo: turtle amayenda pambali ya khoma la terarium, amasunthira madigiri a 180 ndikuyenda molowera khoma lomweli mbali inayo. Kumbali ina ya boma, zinthu zimachitikanso. Zowawa izi zosayima "mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo" zimatha kukhala mphindi zambiri. Ndi kulimbikira komweko, ufulu waku Central Asia ukhoza "kukumba dzenje" pakona pa terrarium. Nthawi yomweyo, imang'amba ndikumeta ndi chipolopolo, chomwe chimakwiyitsa kwambiri munthu yemwe ali naye kuchipinda chimodzi. Makamaka osasangalatsa ndi mawu awa omwe amalimbikira komanso mobwerezabwereza usiku (mwachitsanzo, mumkhalidwe momwe munthu akufuna kugona). Mbali iyi ya zipholopolo za pamtunda, mwachidziwikire, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa posankha kuyambitsa ngati chiweto. Mwachilungamo, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti nthawi zambiri, nthawi yayitali kuchokera pamene kuwala ndi kutentha kwazimitsidwa mu terarium, ntchito yama turbo (ndipo makamaka kuwotcha) imatsika kapena kuima paliponse, chifukwa matenthedwe a thupi lawo amachepa, ndipo ndi mphamvu yake ya nyama yamagazi ozizira imeneyi.

Kukambirana kwapadera kumayenera kukhala ndi lingaliro lodziwika la kusungidwa koyimira nthumwi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama ndi zomera, kupanga "zachilengedwe" mu nyumba yakunyumba. Ineyo pandekha, mwatsoka, zokumana nazo zoyeseza pamodzi za nyama zam'chipululu - akamba aku Central Asia ndi ma gerbils achi Mongolia. Gerbils, wosasungidwa kwakanthawi, mosayembekezereka adabweretsa ana - amaliseche, akhungu, ana osagwira. Izi zidachitika banja lathu lili pantchito. Nditabwelera kunyumba madzulo, ndinadabwitsidwa kuwona m'nsagwada za kamba wamtundu wamagazi amodzi wa ana amodzi amglovu, omwe, mokondweretsa kowoneka, adadyedwa ndi nyama zapamtunda. Ana osiyawo, mwachionekere, adadyedwa kale. Munjira yomvetsa chisoni imeneyi, chifukwa cha kunyalanyaza kwanga, mfundo yodziwika pang'ono yokhudza phokoso lalitali padziko lapansi idatsimikizika. Nthawi yomweyo, ndizosatheka kuti chomera chazakudya chizikhala ndi gawo lalikulu. Ndinaika m'chipinda chokhala ndi akamba ndi ma gerb wolemera, okhala ndi maziko otetezedwa, okhala ndi kulemera kwa makoswe, omwe zokwawa sangathe kuzimasulira. Ndinkakhulupirira kuti mwanjira iyi ndidathetsa vuto la ubale pakati pa oimira nyama zamtunduwu. Koma ndinalakwitsanso. Pakupita nthawi, ndidakumana ndi mabala owononga am'manja pama miyendo yanga yakumbuyo ya nkhuku zanga ku Central Asia. Kuyang'ana kwa nthawi yayitali kwatulutsa zotsatira. Zinapezeka kuti ma gerbil nthawi ndi nthawi ankathamangira kwa akamba ena kuchokera kumbuyo ndikuwaluma ndi miyendo yam'munsi! Zomwe zimapangitsa izi zinali "kumbuyo kwa zochitikazi," koma zowona zinali zowonekeratu. Monga mukudziwa, mano a makoswe ndi akuthwa, amaso amunthu wokha, chifukwa chake kuzungulira kwa ma gerbil motsutsana ndi akamba sikungakhale kopanda zotsatira chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ndi thanzi la omaliza. Oimira amitundu iwiriyi ya nyamazo amayenera kukhala mzipinda zosiyanasiyana, ndi akamba - kuti apereke thandizo mwadzidzidzi ...

Mapeto ake ndi ati? Mwachidziwikire, kuyesa kuphatikiza oimira mitundu yachilengedwe kuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndikuphunzira mokwanira za sayansi kuchokera kuzinthu zofalitsidwa. Kutsindika mu phunziroli kuyenera kuchitika moyenera kuzindikiritsa mawonekedwe a ubale wa nyama zamitundu mitundu. Kenako, mutatha kuphatikiza zinthu zachilengedwe m'chipinda chimodzi, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kwa nthawi yayitali momwe zimathandizira. Ngati zili zachilengedwe mwachilengedwe, zomwe zitha kukhala zowopsa kwa nthumwi zamtundu uliwonse, malo okhala nyama ndi ofunika, ndipo simungakayikire. Nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti simudziwa kuoneratu zonse pasadakhale ...

Ndikosavuta kusunga akamba am'mtunda komanso pamodzi ndi mbewu zakunyumba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa malo. Ngati akamba amatha kuwafikirira, ndiye kuti mbewu izi ziziwadyedwa kapena kuthyoledwa ndi miyendo yamphamvu ndi chikhodzodzo cha zokwawa. Ndikuwona njira zitatu zotithandizira. Njira yoyamba yotuluka: mbewu zam'madzi mumiphika zimayikidwa pa mzere wamiyala kapena shelufu yokhazikika kukhoma lakumbuyo mkati mwa terrarium. Kenako maluwa sangathe kuwononga akamba amtundu, omwe sakudziwa momwe angakhalire ndipo, monga lamulo, osayika pangozi kuchita izo. Njira yachiwiri yotumizira: mbewu zamoyo zimayikidwa pafupi ndi khoma lowonekera kwa terarium, koma kunja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisaberekenso. Njira yachitatu yotchinga: kukhoma kowonekerako kunja kwa nyumba, mutha kukonza mawonekedwe abwino owoneka bwino ndi zomera zam'nyumba (mwachitsanzo, cacti), zomwe zimapangitsa kunamizira kwachilengedwe. Ufulu wosankha ndi wa wokonda aliyense wa boma ...

CHINESE TRIONICS (Pelodiscus sinensis)

Dzinalo lachiwiri la nyama zamtunduwu ndi kamba wam'madzi aku Far East. Amakhala kunyanja ndi mitsinje. Kunja, limasiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya akamba. Mtundu wake wozungulira wokutidwa ndi wokutidwa ndi khungu lofewa lomwe mulibe zikopa zoyipa. Khosi la nyama limakhala lalitali, kupukutira kumakulirakulirabe ndi mphuno yake kumapeto kwake. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mukhale pansi pa madzi mobisa, ndikuyika kupuma kwa phula. Tizilombo tokhala ndi nembanemba pakati pa zala, mchira ndi waufupi, thupi limasalala. Ufuluwu ndiwosambira kwambiri komanso wosiyanasiyana. Sichikupita kutali ndi madzi, imangotenthetsa m'mphepete, ndikugulitsa chakudya chake m'madzi, nsomba zomwe zikuyenda, ma crustaceans, mollusks, nyongolotsi, tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa chigamba cha mafinya kumtunda kwake ndi 35 cm.

Oopa milungu itatu amachita nsanje ndi gawo lawo komanso osalolera ngakhale anthu amtundu womwewo. Ngati mugula akamba awiri ang'onoang'ono, pakapita nthawi imodzi imayamba kukula mwachangu ndikuyamba kupezerera mnansi. Zotsatira za ndewu ndizowopsa, chifukwa akamba awa ali ndi chikopa chosavutikira. Kachilombo ka fungus kamatha kulowa m'mabala omwe amayambitsidwa chifukwa cha nkhondo, pomwe nyamazo zimagwera mosavuta. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapha. Mwambiri, zitha kuzindikirika kuti a Trionics ndi ankhanza kwambiri kuposa akamba ena amadzi, omwe amayenera kukumbukiridwa pakusunga izi zobwezeretsera ukapolo.

Kamba wamtunduwu wa nyama zamtunduwu adabwera kwa ine mwangozi muFebruary 2003. Monga momwe ndawonera ine, nyama yaying'ono yokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 5-7 idakuluma kale kowawa. Ndimakumbukirabe nkhonya za "bulldog" zazing'onoting'ono koma zolimba kwambiri zowonongeka, ngakhale kuti zaka zambiri zadutsa kuyambira pamenepo ... sizinatheke kulingalira pasadakhale kuti kuluma kwa cholengedwa chotere kumatha kukhala kowawa kwambiri.

Zinali zoseketsa kuona kanthayo akutambasulira khosi lake lalitali kwinaku akupumira, kuyesera kufikira kumtunda kwa madzi ndikutapira kwapang'onopang'ono komwe mphuno zake zimatambasulidwa kutsogolo, kupanga chinzonono chinanso ndikupumira. Popeza imakhala m'madzi nthawi zonse, nyamayo idakonda nthawi yayitali kuti imasulire mbali yapamwamba ya mutu ndi mphuno ndi maso. Nthawi yomweyo, gawo lotsikira la mutu, khosi, thunthu ndi miyendo zimakhalabe m'malo amadzi.

Kamba yanga inali yam'manja kwambiri, inali kuyenda mwachangu makamaka pafupi ndi pansi pamadzi. Apa adapeza "noops" momwe adabisala kuyatsa kwamphamvu ndikupuma. Atasunthira pansi pa chosungira, iye nthawi zambiri "ankatulutsa" ndikusanthula mosamala magawo osiyanasiyana pansi, ndikuyika m'matumbo mwake mchenga. Amakonda kukhala pamtunda, kupumula miyendo yake pamwamba pa mbewu zam'madzi zoyandama.

Kamba woyandama m'mphepete mwa madzi samawatenga, nthawi zina nkuwasowa. Chakudya chomwe chagona pansi, m'malo mwake, chidagwidwa ndi nsagwada molondola, nthawi yoyamba. Kuzolowera kudyetsa ndi ma tonneers, kamba wanga adatsata dzanja la munthu, wokwezeka kuchokera pamwamba pafupi pamadzi, mwachionekere akuyembekezera chakudya.

Mapeto a ntchito yodyetsa, "pamimba yathunthu," kambuku adakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa masiku onse, adakhala pansi pa pansi pamadzi mu boma. Nthawi yomweyo, pakamwa pa chinyama panali potseguka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya uzitha kuthana ndi madzi amkati kudzera pakatikati kamkamwa.

RED-EAR FRESHWATER TURTLE (Trachemysscripttaelegans)

Oyimira zamtunduwu amakhala ndi moyo wam'madzi, chifukwa chake ma tayi ali ndi ma membala amphamvu. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi mawanga achikaso, lalanje kapena ofiira - "makutu" omwe ali pambali ya mutu. Kutalika kwa carapace kuli mpaka 28 cm.

Mwachilengedwe, amagawidwa kuchokera kummawa kwa USA kupita ku Northeast Mexico. Imapezeka m'malo osungira osambira okhala ndi dambo lambiri. Posachedwa, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'malo omwe amakhala kutali ndi malo okhala. Kukhazikikanso kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa choti nthawi zina, akamba amathawa eni ake, ndipo ena - anthu amatulutsa nyama zonyansa kulowa m'madzi oyandikira. Akamba ofiira omwe amatulutsidwa m'madzi achilengedwe aku Germany ndi mayiko ena a ku Europe adayamba chifukwa cha nyengo yabwino. Komanso, pali umboni kuti "aku America" ​​akutenga akamba aku Europe kuchokera kumakhalidwe awo achikhalidwe. M'dziko lanjawa, nyengo yozizira komanso yotentha. Panthawi yochita ntchito, akamba amathera nthawi yawo yambiri akuyenda padzuwa. Kutentha kotsika 15 madigiri C kumakhala koopsa, ndipo madigiri 10 C amatsitsidwa, nadzipaka pansi.

Zakudya zazikulu zomwe zikugwidwa ukapolo ndi nsomba, mbewa zangobadwa kumene, nyongolotsi zazikazi, ndi shrimp. Kuphatikiza apo, mwachangu amadya duckweed, kabichi, saladi. Akamba mate kwa chaka chonse. Mazira amaikidwa kuyambira Julayi mpaka Sepemba.

Mu June 2001, kamba wina wachinyamata wautali wokhala ndi matenda amtundu wa oimira mtunduwu, akumafetsa chipolopolo, adabwera kwa ine ngati "mphatso". Mwamwayi, nthendayi inali imodzi mwa magawo oyamba a chitukuko, ndipo nyamayo idachiritsidwa. Monga momwe mukudziwira, matendawa amayamba chifukwa chosowa calcium m thupi la chonde ndikudziwoneka motsutsana ndi zomwe zili m'magazi a mavitamini D. kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera mchere (choko, chakudya chamfupa, zipolopolo zochokera ku mazira a nkhuku). Momwemonso ziyenera kuchitidwa pofuna kupewa, poyesa kupewa kuwoneka ngati zodzala ndi zizindikilo zoyambirira za kusakhazikika kwa zinthu m'thupi.Komabe, vuto ndiloti akamba am'mawonekedwe ofiira nthawi zambiri amadya chakudya m'madzi. Nthawi yomweyo, zowonjezera mchere zimangodzipatulira kuchokera ku chakudya chachikulu (nyama kapena nsomba) ndipo sizilowa m'thupi la nyama yomwe idadya. Mwanjira yake, popanda kuphatikiza ndi chakudya chachikulu, zakudya zowonjezera mchere sizidyedwa ndi kamba.

Ndidapeza njira yosavuta komanso yotchipa pazomwe tafotokozazi, zomwe zimakupatsani jekeseni wa michere mthupi la nyama yodwala. Muyenera kutenga chidutswa cha nyama, ndikugudubuza ndi chipolopolo pansi, kenako pofinyani zala zanu kumbali zonse. Pakadali pano, chigobacho chimangotsatira kwambiri nyamayo, ndikugwera m'madzi, sichimadzilekanitsa zokha ngakhale njenjete imeza chakudya. Nthawi zambiri kudyetsa nyama yodwala ndi michere yowonjezera kumathandizira kuchira msanga ngati thupi la nyamayo yakhala yolimba (kusamba dzuwa, kuthilira zam'mimba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nyali ya quartz, kupatsanso chakudya chamtundu wa mavitamini A, D, E). Mwachilengedwe, zochitika zonse izi kuti zithandizire kukonza chiweto ziyenera kusamaliridwa.

Zida zoyenera za "nyumba" ya kamba ofiira si nkhani yapafupi. Mukamasunga madzi osungirako madzi, munthu asayiwale kuti zimbudzi zimafunikira malo oti atuluke ngati zingafunike, kupumula ndi kutentha. Chifukwa chake, apa, pamtunda wofunikira, gwero lamagetsi ndi kutentha (mwachitsanzo, nyali wamba ya incandescent) iyenera kupezeka yomwe imawotha "chilumbacho" kutentha kutentha kwa madigiri 30 - 35 C. Pano nyama yamagazi ozizira yokhala ndi kutentha kwa thupi kosinthika imayambitsa ntchito panthawi yake machitidwe amomwe amachitika mthupi. Chotenthetsera m'madzi chomwe chimakhala chowongolera kutentha, chokhazikika m'madzi ndikuyika makapu oyamwa pakhoma kapena pansi pa chosungira, chimafunikanso. Kutentha kwakukulu kwamadzi ndi pafupifupi 25 digiri C. Kuti kutentha kwachilengedwe mchipindacho sikugwere pansi pa chizindikirochi, sikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito heater ya aquarium.

Fuluu waumoyo wathanzi, wosungika bwino, wosungika bwino, ndi wapaulendo, wofunitsitsa kudziwa, ali ndi chidwi chofuna kudya komanso amachita zinthu zosangalatsa. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kamba kakang'onoko kamadzakula ndikusintha kukhala nyama yayikulu kwambiri yopanga chigoba 20 cm, kapenanso kupitirira apo. Ma aquarium kapena aquaterrarium, omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azisamalira poyambira, sangafanane ndi chokweza wamkulu. Vutoli liyenera kulingaliridwa ngakhale musanapeze zapamwamba zazing'ono kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, chiweto chachikulu chomwe chimakula chimadya kwambiri, motero, chimataya zinyalala zambiri kumalo komwe zimadetsa ndikuwononga madzi. Chifukwa chake, zosefera zamadzimadzi zamphamvu komanso kuyeretsa pafupipafupi kwa malo omwe zithandizirazi zikufunika. Chifukwa chake, musanaganize zoyamba kung'amba yaying'ono yoyandama m'madzi kunyumba, muyenera kuiganizira ... Zikhala zopanda malo kucheza ndi ophunzira omwe amakonda kusunga nyama zosiyanasiyana kunyumba ndipo samaganizira nthawi zonse zotsatira za izi. Tikuyeneranso kutsimikiza kuti udindo wa moyo komanso thanzi la chiweto chitha kukhala ndi mwiniwake. Ngati, komabe, kamba'yu adabweretsedwa kale mnyumba, sichingakhale chanzeru kuti asagwiritse ntchito izi pophunzitsira. Mphunzitsi wa biology atha kupempha wophunzirayo kuti ayang'ane zowunikira zosiyanasiyana komanso zoyesera pamtundu wa zodzikongoletsa, motsogozedwa ndi malangizo omwe ali pansipa, opangidwa ndi wolemba nkhaniyi.

Malangizo a kuphunzira kwa akamba andende

1. Dziwani zambiri pazomwe zimagawidwa, zachilengedwe zamtundu wa zolemba zomwe mumaphunzira.

2. Pogwiritsa ntchito mabuku a okonda ma terrarium, pezani momwe mungakhalire bwino oimira amtunduwu akamba amtundu wawo.

3. Fotokozani mwatsatanetsatane malo ophunzirira kapena malo osungirako zinyalala momwe mumapezekera ndipo fanizirani malongosoledwewa ndi malamulo osungirako nyama zapaubongo zomwe mumadziwa kale.

4. Sanjani mosamala ndikufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane mawonekedwe amtundu wakunja wa kambuku womwe mukuphunzira (kukula ndi mawonekedwe a thupi, mtundu wake, mawonekedwe akunja a chigolopolo ndi miyendo, ndi malo a zomverera). Fotokozani chifukwa chake nyamayi ili ndi maonekedwe otere.

5. Yang'anirani kuthamanga kwa turtle mu terarium kapena aquaterrarium, komanso panjira yake yoyenda m'malo. Ngati kamba ndi madzi oyera - yerekezerani zomwe zimachitika pamtunda ndi pamadzi.

6. Pokonzekera mobwerezabwereza ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zoyenera, pezani nthawi yochuluka yomwe turtle yamadzi imathera pamtunda, ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi m'magawo osiyanasiyana (kutentha kozungulira, kuchuluka kwa kuwunikira).

7. Pangani zowunika zochepa kuti mudziwe kuti ndi nthawi yochuluka motani yomwe njurayi imagwiritsa ntchito, ndi kuchuluka - komwe kumagwira ntchito kutentha pamtunda wina. Malizani zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya nyama mu nyengo zotentha. Ngati chiweto chizisungidwa pamalo anu, sinthani kutentha kwa mtunda ndi madigiri ochepa (pamalingaliro ovomerezeka) ndikuwunika mobwerezabwereza. Fananizani zotsatirazi, pangani mawu omaliza.

8. Pangani zowunika zingapo kuti mudziwe kuti zimatha nthawi yayitali bwanji osasenda, ndikuti - yogwira ntchito isanayambe kapena itatha kudya. Fananizani ndikufotokozera zotsatira.

9. Ngati kamba wanu ndi madzi abwino - onetsetsani pang'ono ndikuwona kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe nyamayo imawononga pamtunda musanadye, ndikuyambiranso. Fananizani ndikufotokozera zotsatira.

10. Ngati chiweto chili m'nyumba mwanu, mukamayang'anira ndi kuyesa, werengani za zakudya zake. Nthawi yomweyo, yankhani mafunso otsatirawa:

- Ndi mitundu iti yazakudya yomwe amadya mosavuta ndi nyama zapamtunda?

- Chimawonetsera chiani ngati nyama yayamba kudyetsa kapena ayi?

- Ndi kangati kamba komwe mumaphunzira mumadya zosiyanasiyana

"Kodi njiwa imadya bwanji chakudya ndipo imakhala ndi mano?"

11. Fotokozani zotsatira za kafukufuku wanu momwe makompyuta amawaonera ndikufotokozerani izi pamsonkhano wazachikhalidwe kapena pa maphunziro a biology.

1. Gurzhiy A.N. Malo anu ophunzirira. - M: Veche, 2005.

2. Kubykin R.A. Kamba. Kodi mukumudziwa? / Chuma chamoyo cha Kazakhstan. - Alma-Ata: Kazakhstan, 1979.

3. Kudryavtsev S.V., Frolov V.E., Korolev A.V. Terrarium ndi okhalamo. - M: Makampani ogulitsa nkhalango, 1991.

4. Sosnovsky I.P. Nkhalango zamtchire ndi zodzitchinjiriza. - m: Makampani ogulitsa nkhalango, 1983. - 143 p.

5. Alderton D. Ziweto zapadera: Encyclopedia. - M: Kusindikiza nyumba Rosman-Press, 2002.

6. Sumatokhin S.V. Zofunika za Federal State Educational Standard pamaphunziro ndi kafukufuku ndi kapangidwe ka ntchito // Biology kusukulu. - 2013. - Na. 5.

7. Sumatokhin S.V. Kafukufuku wamaphunziro mu biology mu
malinga ndi GEF: komwe ungayambire, zomwe ungachite, zotsatira zake ndikuti zikwaniritse // Biology kusukulu. - 2014. - Na. 4.

Chidwi

Kuti turtle imve bwino, iyenera kutsukidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Zikhala zokwanira 1-2 pa sabata. Imafunika kutentha pambuyo kusamba komanso kukhala youma. Pofuna kuti izi zisachitike: nyengo yake imakhala yozizira ndipo mumasiyira chiweto pansi kapena kuchichotsa nthawi yomweyo kupita kumalo ozizira, komwe mwina kumazizira.

Thanzi Lathanzi

Thanzi la ufulu limadalira kwambiri zakudya zake. Zakudya zopanda pake zimathandizira kuti pang'onopang'ono pakhale chipolopolo, kufooka kwa chiweto, chomwe chimafupikitsa moyo. Mwa zisonyezo zilizonse zomwe zingachitike ngati mukudwala, funsanani ndi veterinarian wanu nthawi yomweyo. Dokotala amayeza ndikukhazikitsa chithandizo.

Musayese kuchitira njoka nokha, osafunsira veterinarian. Samalirani nyumba za nkhuku ndi zakudya zamagetsi kuti zisakhale ndi mavuto azaumoyo.

Kudyetsa

Kudya bwino kwa kamba ndikofunika kwambiri. Chakudya cha kamba mu nthawi yozizira ndi chilimwe chimasiyana. Kambuku imamva nthawi yozizira, ngakhale itakhala mu ukapolo ndipo kutentha sikunasinthe.

Chakudya chachikulu mu chakudya cha kamba ndi masamba. Onetsetsani kuti mtundu wa turtle ndiwabwino. Simungamukwanitse kapena kumulola kuti afe ndi njala. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kukula kwabwinobwino, kotero zinthu zonse zofunika zofunikira ndikuwapeza vitamini.

Popeza kambuku amakhala mu ukapolo, kusintha kwa machitidwe ake ndizotheka. Ngati salandira zinthu zonse zomwe amafunafuna, kambuku amadya chilichonse mzere, ngakhale dziko lapansi. Chifukwa chake, samalani pakusankha chakudya chake.

Tanena kale kuti ma greens ndi gawo lofunikira mu zakudya. Itha kukhala: letesi, sorelo, dandelion, udzu wofunda, inflorescence ya mbewu, plantain. Pambuyo pawo pakubwera masamba: kaloti, tomato, beets. Kuchokera kwa akamba zipatso amakonda kwambiri mapeyala ndi maapulo. Muthanso kuwonjezera ma plums, ma apricots, mavwende ndi raspberries.

Ndi zoletsedwa kupereka kamba: mkate, mkaka, tizilombo.

Ngati chiweto chanu chimakhala chochepera zaka 3, tikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa 1 nthawi patsiku, ndi akulu katatu pa sabata. Amalandira chinyezi kuchokera kumasamba ndi zipatso, koma kuyika mbale yamadzi sikungakhale kwachikale.

Sungani turtle pamalo otakasuka, owonjezera makona. Kamba wamtambo mpaka masentimita 12, malo okwanira 60-100 lita okwanira. Kutentha mkati mwake kuyenera kukhala kuchokera 25 mpaka 35 degrees. Pootentha, mutha kutenga babu.

Ngati dothi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito dothi losungunuka ndi timiyala tozungulira kapena miyala yokhala ndi mitsinje, wosanjikiza 3 mpaka 10. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga, zokutira, tchipisi cha granite ngati dothi.

Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino, kamba amafunika pogona. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mabokosi ang'onoang'ono amatabwa. Pakuphika chakudya, mbale zazing'ono wamba ndizoyenera. Ndikofunikira kuti musadutse chinyezi mu terrarium.

Chidwi

Kuti turtle imve bwino, iyenera kutsukidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Zikhala zokwanira 1-2 pa sabata. Imafunika kutentha pambuyo kusamba komanso kukhala youma. Pofuna kuti izi zisachitike: nyengo yake imakhala yozizira ndipo mumasiyira chiweto pansi kapena kuchichotsa nthawi yomweyo kupita kumalo ozizira, komwe mwina kumazizira.

Thanzi Lathanzi

Thanzi la ufulu limadalira kwambiri zakudya zake. Zakudya zopanda pake zimathandizira kuti pang'onopang'ono pakhale chipolopolo, kufooka kwa chiweto, chomwe chimafupikitsa moyo. Mwa zisonyezo zilizonse zomwe zingachitike ngati mukudwala, funsanani ndi veterinarian wanu nthawi yomweyo. Dokotala amayeza ndikukhazikitsa chithandizo.

Musayese kuchitira njoka nokha, osafunsira veterinarian. Samalirani nyumba za nkhuku ndi zakudya zamagetsi kuti zisakhale ndi mavuto azaumoyo.

Kusamalira akamba amadzimadzi

Akamba am'madzi oyera nawonso ndi otchuka kwambiri. Kamba zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimatha kupezeka m'madzi ofunda. Awo ndi ochepa kukula komanso owala.

Kudyetsa

Mitundu yambiri ya akamba am'madzi am'nyanja ndi yopatsa chidwi, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti muyenera kugawana naye chakudya chamasana. Kwenikweni, amadya chakudya cha akamba, nsomba, magawo a nyama yaiwisi ndi nsomba, masamba. Mukamachita izi, inunso mudzazindikira momwe mungadyetsere turtle yanu. Zowonjezera zamafuta mu mawonekedwe a calcium zimafunikiranso.

Akamba am'madzi oyera amasungidwa mu terariamu. Iyenera kukhala ndi zida zowunikira, mpweya wabwino ndi magetsi. Kuphatikiza pamadzi mu terarium kuyenera kukhala chiwembu cha nthaka youma. Kamba ayenera kusambira momasuka, ndi kumtunda pamtunda ngati pakufunika kutero.

Kukula kwa terrarium kutengera kukula kwa kamba. Kwa sushi, dothi kapena miyala yosalala ndi yoyenera, ndikofunikira kuti ikwere pamalo ovuta popanda zovuta. Kuunikira nthawi zambiri kumayikidwa pamenepo kuti turtle ikhoza kuyenda.

Zitsamba zokumbira ndi miyala yosalala ndizabwino nthaka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mphasa. Amatsata udzu. Mutha kuyikanso miyala ikuluikulu yosalala, zinthu zadothi ndi driftwood mu terarium yokongoletsera. Kutentha kwamadzi kuyenera kukhala kuchokera ku madigiri 17 mpaka 30.

Malangizo posungira akamba

• Osasunga kamba pansi
• Musalole kuti nyama zina zizigwirizana ndi kamba.
• Lumikizanani ndi dokotala wanu mwachangu ngati mungathe kuwona kusokonekera mu thanzi la chiweto
• Apatseni Mafuta A calcium
• Osachoka osavulala mumsewu
• Onetsetsani kuti palibe zolemba

Yang'anirani bwino chiweto chanu chaching'ono, ndipo adzakuyankhani mwachikondi komanso moseketsa.