Woyenda m'madzi muno akuwoneka ngati ngwazi ya wokondedwa ndi zojambula zambiri "Kupeza Nemo" ndi lotsatira "Kupeza Dory." Imakhala ya banja la opaleshoni ndipo imakhala m'madzi otentha ndi nyanja zamchere. Tiyeni tiwone Kodi opaleshoni ya nsomba ndi oopsa komanso momwe mungapewere ngozi.

Opaleshoni ya buluu

Amadziwikanso kuti Royal Surgeon kapena Hepatus Surgeon. Amachitcha kuti chifukwa cha mtundu wakuda wabuluu, wophatikizidwa ndi mtundu wamdima wakuda, nthawi zina pafupifupi masamba akuda kumtunda. Thupi la opaleshoni yachifumu ya buluu limasunthidwa kuchokera kumbali, ndi yayitali ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe a ndimu yosalala. Mphete za anal ndi dorsal zimakutidwa pamodzi ndi thupi, finzo la caudal limapakidwa utoto wowala bwino wokhala ndi malire akuda. Imakhala ndi ma spikes omwe amatha kutulutsidwa ndikuwopseza kuchokera kunja. Chifukwa chake, dokotalayo amateteza nsomba kuchokera kwa adani, ndipo bwino kwambiri - masamba azomwezo ndi lakuthwa, ngati tsamba la scalpel. Anthu amtunduwu samakula kuposa 20 cm.

Dokotala waku Arabu

Nsombayo ili ndi thupi lathyathyathya komanso mchira wooneka ngati crescent. Imakula mpaka masentimita 40. Mtunduwo ndi wa siliva, wonyezimira m'mimba. Mbali yakumwamba ya mutu ndi mbali zake zimakhala ndi mtambo woonda wautoto wakuda. Pali mawanga a lalanje pansi pa zipsepse zamakona komanso pansi pa mchira. Ziphuphu za anal, dorsal, ndi caudal ndizakuda zakuda komanso zomata zamtambo. Mbali yakumwambayo ya zipsepse za pectoral ndi chikasu, kumbuyo kwake ndi koyera, amakhalanso ndi malire akuda.
Mitundu imadziwika ndi kukwiya komanso malo okhala.

Opaleshoni yoyamwa-yoyera

Maganizo ake ali ndi dzina lachiwiri - dokotala wa opaleshoni wamtambo. Amadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa odziwika bwino kwambiri amtundu wam'madzi. Dokotala wa opaleshoni wamtambo amatchedwa choncho chifukwa ali ndi mhunzi ya safiro wolemera. Mutuwo ndi wakuda kwathunthu, wosiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu waukulu ndi chingwe choyera. Zipsepse zamkati ndi zodukizanso zimayera; Wopanga maopaleshoni yoyera amakhala bwino ndi mitundu ina, koma sikulimbikitsidwa kuti izikhala ndi mtundu wake.

Dokotala wa opaleshoni waku Japan

Nsomba izi sizowala ngati mzake. Thupi lake limatha kukhala ndi bulauni lamtundu, lamtambo wakuda kapena lamtambo wakuda, mawonekedwe ake nthawi zambiri amatchedwa opanga opaleshoni yamkuwa. Zoyala zamkati ndi zipsepse zamkati zimasiyana ndi mzere wachikasu ndi mandimu, ziphuphu zomwezo ndiz zakuda ndi mzere wamtambo. Kumbuyo kwa dorsal fin, chingwe cha lalanje kapena chofiirira chimadutsa. Mchira wake ndi wamtambo komanso woyera ndi mzere wozungulira wotsekemera. Pali malo amdima pansi pa diso omwe amalumikizira kukamwa. Nsomba zimatha kuyanjana ndi madokotala ena opanga opaleshoni ndikuyimilira.

Dokotala wa opaleshoni yachifumu kapena chikasu cha chikasu

Zebrasomes ndi mtundu wina wa dokotala wa opaleshoni, amene alipo mitundu isanu. Matupi awo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe okhala ndi makona ozungulira okhala ndi pakamwa patali. Mbidzi zachikasu zachikaso zamtundu wamtambo zimakonda kupaka utoto wabuluu, ndipo mchira ndi nsonga za zipsepse zamtchire zimakhala zachikasu chowala. Dera lamutu komanso pansi pakamwa limakutidwa ndi timiyala tofiirira tating'ono. Zebrasomes amadziwika kuti ndi osatha kupirira komanso achiwawa kwambiri pakati pa madokotala ochita opaleshoni ndipo amakhala amodzi okha.

Kugwirizana ndi nsomba zina

Dokotalayo amatha kuyanjana ndi oimira ambiri am'matanthwe a coral. Samasokoneza ma invertebrates ndipo samazunza enanso. Komabe, mwa amtundu wawo amatha kukhala ankhanza kwambiri.

Kuthengo, iyi ndi nsomba imodzi, yomwe imapanga masukulu okhaokha.

Dokotala wamaopaleshoni a buluu komanso yoyera amatha kukhala ndi mitundu monga:

Koma Arabian kapena zebrasome amakhala bwino yekha. Komanso, musamakolole ma seahorses kwa opanga maopaleshoni - amatha kufa pafupi ndi oyandikana nawo oterowo.

Njira ya Opaleshoni

Khalidwe latsiku limakhala lodziwika bwino ngati nsomba yochita opaleshoni, komanso ili ndi chikhalidwe choteteza gawo lake, komwe palibe amene saloledwa: abale ake, kapena nthumwi zina za zilombozo. Kuberekanso kumachitika zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Nthawi ina, mayi wina amataya mazira pafupifupi 38,000. The mwachangu amabadwa owonekera ndipo kwathunthu osiyana ndi makolo awo. Alinso ndi mitundu yosiyana, yotentha komanso yopanda mchira wowopsa. Mpaka pamsana wina, kukula kwachinyamata kumayesa kubisala m'matanthwe a miyala ya coral, komwe adani ambiri alibe njira. Mitundu ina ya madokotala othandizira opaleshoni imatha kukhala ndi moyo wopitilira zaka makumi awiri.

Pophika, nsomba zamtunduwu sizili ndi chidwi chilichonse chifukwa cha nyama yolawa.

Mitundu yoyenda mwamtendere komanso yaufulu ngati dokotala wapa nsomba adzafuna nyumba zambiri. Munthu m'modzi ayenera kukhala ndi malita 200 a madzi, motero, malita onse a 350. Mukakhala wamkulu m'madzimo, nsomba zimamvetsetsa. M'mavoliyumu ang'onoang'ono, kulimbana kwa gawo kumawonetsedwa nthawi zambiri, komwe, kutchedwa dzina la nsomba, kumatha kulephera.

Ma aquarium momwe opanga maopaleshoni amasungidwira ayenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa.

Monga dothi, miyala yokhala ndi mainchesi osaposa 5 mm imakhala yoyenera kwambiri. Mchenga wabwino sugwira ntchito, chifukwa umapangika pakapita nthawi ndipo ungavunde. Ngati nsomba yamugwira mwangozi ndi zipsepse kapena thupi, mankhwala owopsa a methane ndi ammonia agwera m'madzi. Zinyalala za coarse sizilinso njira, chifukwa zidutswa zimadyedwa nthawi zambiri, ndipo dokotala wochita opaleshoni sangathe kusuntha mwala wolemera.

Zomera sizikhala malo akuluakulu munyanja yamadzi. Pofuna kubweretsa malo okhala dokotala wa opaleshoni pafupi ndi malo achilengedwe, munthu ayenera kusankha mitundu yopingasa yomwe nsomba zimagwiritsa ntchito pophukira. Miyala yamoyo ndiyofunikanso, kuti mitundu yotere yamtchire monga Cowlerp ndi hetamorphs ndiyambiri.

Madzi ayenera kukhala oyera nthawi zonse. Pazifukwa izi, muyenera kukhazikitsa fyuluta yamphamvu, kuposa mtundu wamkati, womwe ungayang'anire kuchuluka kwake. Makina am'munsi sayenera kugula, chifukwa kuti muyeretse muyenera kusiya nsomba zonse m'madzi, chotsani zapamwamba ndi zokongoletsera. Ndondomeko yake ndi yayitali komanso yovuta, ngakhale kwa katswiri wazaka zam'madzi. Miyezo yamadzi yoyenera kupangira nsomba za opaleshoni ndi iyi:

• acidity - 8.0 - 8.4 pH,
• kachulukidwe kamadzi - 1.024 (kuchuluka pang'ono),
• kutentha - 24-28 ° С.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Mwachilengedwe, dokotalayo amadya kwambiri algae, nthawi zina kuphatikiza ma coral detritus ndi zooplankton pazosankha. Mukasungidwa m'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi, osachepera 30% ya chakudya cham'mimba iyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya. Amakonda kudya nthimba zam'mimba, shrimp, artemia, squid. Alori algae, masamba a dandelion ndi saladi, omwe kale anali ndi scalated ndi madzi otentha, ndi angwiro ngati chinthu chomera.

Zojambula Zakuthengo

Mtunduwu ndi umodzi chabe mwa mitundu ya mabanja 7 opangidwa opaleshoni omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe (amaphatikizidwa mu genera 9 yosiyana).

Malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi Great Barrier Reef pagombe la Australia, komanso madzi otentha a Indian ndi Pacific Oceans. Zimapezeka m'madzi am'mwamba kwambiri, zimagwiritsa ntchito ma corals ngati pobisalira.

Tsatirani moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, omwe nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza m'magulu akuluakulu (ngakhale anthu pawokha amapezekanso). Chakudya - seaweed kapena zooplankton zophatikizidwa ndi madzi.

Kodi mumadziwa?Nsomba zidawonekera kale kuposa ma dinosaurs - ichthyologists achita kuchokera pa 450 miliyoni miliyoni zapitazo.

Kutengera ndi mtundu wa chakudya komanso osadyedwa, kuyambira zaka 10 mpaka 20 amatha kukhala m'malo amadzi.

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Pali akatswiri angapo omwe amakhulupirira kuti ndizosatheka kupeza ana kuchokera ku nsomba ya dokotala waukapolo. Anthu omwe agwidwa ndi akuluakulu amakumana ndi zovuta zazikulu pamalo osungika am'madzi, omwe amalepheretsa kubereka.

Komabe, pali ena omwe amakhulupirira kuti mwayi ukadalipo. Pofuna kubereka, ndikofunikira kudziwa kusiyanasiyana pakati pa madokotala ochita maopaleshoni ndi njira zomwe amapatsirana panthawi yopatsirana. Mutha kusiyanitsa pakati pa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi pokhapokha mutakhwima. Utoto wa amuna umakhala wotumbululuka, ndipo nsomba zomwe sizinakhazikike zimayamba kuchita ukali kwambiri.

Kuzungulira February - Marichi, anthu okhwima (wazaka 1 mpaka zakale) amayamba kuthera nthawi yawo yayandikira, akuwomba phokoso komanso kusewera. Zotsatira za "kuvina" kotereku zimakhala caviar yaying'ono (pafupifupi 1 mm), yomwe imakhwima patsiku. The mwachangu ndi pafupifupi wopanda mtundu komanso wopanda minga. Zakudya zoyambira kwa iwo ndi zooplankton ndi phytoplankton.

M'badwo wachinyamata waopaleshoni yamtambo, yemwe ali ndi miyezi pafupifupi iwiri.

M'malo abwino, malinga ndi malamulo onse osamalira, madokotala othandizira nsomba amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka pafupifupi 10.

Matenda

Opanga maopaleshoni sikhala olimba kwambiri, amapirira mayendedwe opweteka komanso osinthika bwino.

Mu zoyerekezera zingapo, chitetezo chochepa chimawonedwa, chifukwa chake ndiye nsomba yoyamba yomwe imakhala ndi chizindikiro cha matenda amodzi. Mtunduwu umayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi marine ichthyophthyroidism ndi oodiniosis. Matendawa ndi ovuta kuzindikira, makamaka ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri. Kuchiritsa siinso ntchito yophweka, koma ngati siyamba pa nthawi, nsomba zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimafa.

Matenda ena ofala pakati pa madokotala ochita opaleshoni ndi kuvunda kwamphamvu komanso kukokoloka kwa mutu ndi mbali. Mosiyana ndi awiri oyambayo, ndikosavuta kuti muwazindikire.

Opanga opanga pafupifupi mitundu yonse ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chomwe chimasokoneza obereketsa osadziwa. Nthawi zambiri madzulo nsomba zimasinthana, osamveka mawu, iyi ndi njira yachilengedwe yotetezera nsomba izi.

Nsomba yochita opaleshoni ndi munthu wosangalatsa yemwe amafunikira chisamaliro mosamala, malo otetemera komanso kusankhidwa bwino kwa oyandikana nawo. Ziweto zamtunduwu ndizoyenera kwambiri akatswiri kuposa okonda novice a pansi pamadzi.

Ngozi yakunyanja yowala

Komabe, poyang'ana cholengedwa chowoneka bwino, funso loyamba lomwe limatuluka m'mutu ndi: chifukwa chiyani nsomba yankhwawa idatchulidwa pambuyo pake? Yankho lake ndiwodziwikiratu: awa ndi mawanga akuthwa ofanana ndi lala lakuthwa bwino ndipo ndi gawo lake losiyanitsa. Apezeka mowongoka, pansi komanso pamwamba pa cholembapo, ali m'malo abata ndipo amakanikizidwa ndi thupi la nsombayo, titero kuti, amapezeka kuti ali ndi mbali zapadera.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muzidziwitsa izi: Nyama ya Anteater. Kufotokozera, mawonekedwe, mitundu, njira ndi malo okhala anyani | | Kodi dzino zimakhala ndi mano angati?

Ngozi ikangowoneka pang'ono, nsomba yochita opaleshoniyo imayika mbali zake ndikuyigwira kuti ikhale chida choopsa. Fish samvetsetsa kuti iye, wowoneka bwino komanso wokongola, akufuna kukhudzidwa ndikusokedwa, ndipo amazindikira chikhumbo chotere chokwiyira iye. Chifukwa chake, kusungabe mtunda ndi njira yokhulupirika kwambiri momwe dokotala wofufuza nsomba sangakhudze.

Kodi chimadya chiyani?

Nsomba za Surgeon kwenikweni zimakhala zazitali kwambiri ndipo zimakonda moyo wamunthu payekha. M'magulu akulu (kufikira anthu chikwi) amasonkhana pokhapokha ngati akusowa chakudya. Mukadzala, gululo limasokonekera. Algae, detritus ndi plankton - chakudya chomwe nsomba yochita opaleshoni imadya m'chilengedwe.

Opaleshoni - Mkazi wa Aquarium

Nsomba zamtundu wa Surgeon, zazing'ono kukula kwake (pafupifupi ma sentimita khumi zimasungidwa mu ukapolo), zopanda chidwi komanso zokongola kwambiri, ndizodziwika kwambiri pakupanga nyama zam'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, imakhala mosavuta ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba zam'malo otentha. Pakakhazikitsidwa malo am'madzi atsopano, ndiye kuti nsomba yochita opaleshoni, yomwe ikufunidwa mndende, nthawi zambiri imakhala woyamba kukhala.

Nsomba za surgeon: mitundu

Pafupifupi mitundu 80 ya nsomba zochita opaleshoni imayimiriridwa mwachilengedwe. Dokotala wa ku Arabia (Acanthurus Sohal) ndiye mtundu wodziwika bwino. Thupi lake, litakulungidwa ndi milozo yakuda yakuda, ali ndi utoto wachitsulo. Mimba ndi yopepuka, yopanda mawonekedwe. Msodzi wa opaleshoni yotere amakhala mu Nyanja Yofiira ndipo amadziwika mosavuta ndi malo achikasu omwe amakhala kumapiri ndi mchira wa lalanje womwe uli m'munsi mwa mchira. Kutalika kwa nsomba chotere ndi pafupifupi masentimita makumi anayi.

Woyimira wina ndiwothandiza kwambiri - dokotala wa opaleshoni wamtambo, wokhala ndi thupi ndi zipsepere zamtambo wamtambo wakuda. Mphepete yakuda imayenda m'mphepete mwa zipsepse. Nsomba yowala yachikasu, yosiyana ndi thupi lake, imakopa chidwi chake.

Opaleshoni yachifumu (kapena chikasu chamatumbo) ndi nsomba yabuluu yakuda yokhala ndi mawanga akuda pamutu pake ndi zipsepse. Pathupi pali mtunda, kusiyanitsa bwino mchira wowala wachikasu ndi nsonga za zipsepse zamtundu zomwezo.

Nsomba za Fox ndiye woimira wodziwika komanso wosangalatsa, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi thupi loyambirira. Mtunduwo ndi loyera, ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Phokoso lanyumba, lofanana ndi nkhandwe. Thupi, mchira ndi zipsepse zachikasu, mopsinjika zimatha kusintha mtundu kapena mawonekedwe akuda amawonedwa. Pafupifupi zipse zonse ndizowopsa.