Ambiri mu ubwana amamva nkhani zowopsa kuti khutu la m'makutu a munthu limatagaya membrane wa tympanic, limalowa muubongo ndikuyika mazira mkati mwake. Kuwona kwa tizilombo ndiodabwitsa kwambiri ndipo kumatha kuchititsa mantha anthu owoneka bwino. Ndipo dzina lomwe loti "earwig" limakupangitsani kuganiza za zotsatira zakulumikizana ndi woyimira zachilendo wotere.

Makhalidwe

M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, mphete ya khutu imakonda kutchedwa mchira wawiri. Komabe, lingaliroli ndi lolakwika chifukwa choti izi ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Kufanana kwawo komwe kumachitika mu “mchira” wowoneka bwino, wopangidwa ndi awiriawiri a tserkov.

Earwig, ndiyinso nkhata kapena pini - nthumwi ya makina okhala ndi mapiko:

• zazimayi nthawi zonse zimakhala zazikulupo kuposa zazikazi ndipo kutalika kwake kuyambira 13-16 mm, zazikazi sizimaposa 12-14 mm,
• Thupi limatha, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono khungu
• miyendo yophuka bwino, yomwe kachilomboka kamayenda msanga, mtundu wachikasu,
• Mutu wokhala ndi maso ang'onoang'ono owoneka bwino amakongoletsedwa ndi ma tepi ataliitali akuda, nthawi zambiri kutalika kwake ndi magawo awiri mwa atatu a thupi lonse,
• Kumapeto kwa thupi kwovekedwa korona ndi nsapato ziwiri, zomwe akatswiri amatcha ma forceps, mwa amuna amakhala ndi ma denticles achilendo, mwa akazi "mawonekedwe" amakhala osalala.

Malirime amagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika, kuphatikizapo kusunga zakudya, komanso chitetezo kuzinthu zowopseza. Mowopsa, khutu limapinda chimtengo ndi arc, kutulutsa timiyala kunja ndikupereka chinsinsi chapadera. Mwanjira iyi, imafanana kwambiri ndi chinkhanira.

Mitengo yamakutu imakhala ndi mapiko awiri omwe amapindika, pomwe amapindika, amabisala pansi pa elytra. Komabe, amazigwiritsa ntchito kawirikawiri komanso mosasamala, amakonda kuthamanga kwambiri.

Dvukhvostki, yotchedwanso misempha ya thymus, ili m'gulu la miyendo isanu ndi umodzi ya maxillofacial. Makulu awo samaposa 5 mm. Ngakhale pali mitundu yachilendo yokhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 50 mm. Thupi ndilopanda mawonekedwe ndi maso. Cerci, yolakwika mchira, imatha kukhala yaifupi kwambiri kapena yoluka, nchifukwa chake michira iwiri imasokonekera ndimakutu.

Malo omwe tizilombo timakhala timasiyana. Michira iwiri imakhala makamaka kumtunda kwakumtunda kwa dothi, mu humus, zinyalala zamanyowa. Pincers amakonda zokongoletsera zamatanda, pobisalira pansi pa miyala, kubisala pansi pa masamba kapena inflorescence.

Kodi nchifukwa ninji tizilombo tili owopsa kwa anthu?

Atamvetsera nkhani zowopsa, ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi yankho la funso loti chidzachitike ndi chiyani ngati khutu kapena nsomba yokhala ndi minofu iwiri italowa m'makutu. Ndikofunika kungoyambitsa nthano kuti chomera sichidzaluma. Mwamuna, ndipo ngakhale khutu lake, silili ndi chidwi kwa iye. Ngakhale khutu kapena mchira wodetsedwa sizinthu zoyamwa magazi. Amakonda kuyikira mazira pamwamba panthaka, atakumba ngalande ndikupanga chisa. Panalibe mlandu umodzi womwe mng'oma kapena womata m'makutu udayikira mazira.

Mwayi wolowera mkati mwa ziwalo zaumunthu zomwe zimamva ndizofanana ndendende ndi nyerere kapena kanthu kena kalikonse kamene kamayamwa. Chochitikacho chikuvomerezedwa kuti, ndikumasasa, pini kapena foloko chifukwa cha ngozi mwangozi imabowera khutu la munthu wogona, koma sangathe kupitirira malire ake. Chifukwa chake, yankho ku funso loti ngati mchira wawiri ungalowemo khutu lingakhale labwino, koma palibe chifukwa chapadera chodandaulira. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, maphemwe mumakutu amapezeka ochulukirapo kuposa ma tonne. Koma ngati adawonekera mnyumbamo, ndibwino kuti muchotse mitengoyi.

Pali maganizidwe angapo osonyeza kuti khutu laudzu linatchedwa motero. Malinga ndi m'modzi mwa iwo, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mapiko ake, omwe ali ofanana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a khutu. Pali mtundu wina wodabwitsa womwe umalumikizidwa ndi chipangizo chakale chowboola khutu, kunja kofanana ndi nthata zamakutu.

Makutu

Zoyenera kuchita ngati khutu lakwira makutu ako:

1. Osagonjera.
2. Funafunani thandizo kuchipatala komwe ENT ingatsuke pang'ono pang'onopang'ono ndi madzi ndikuyichotsa.
3. Ngati izi sizingatheke, yikani mafuta aliwonse azomera m'makutu mwanu ndikugwiritsa ntchito thonje la thonje kuti akhumudwitseni.

Ngakhale maonekedwe ake owoneka bwino, makandulo opindulira amatha kukhala opindulitsa. Amadyanso tizirombo tating'ono ndi minda, kuphatikizapo nsabwe za m'mimba, mphutsi za gulugufe, nthata za akangaude. Zochita zoyipa ndizowonongeka kwa mbewu ndi maluwa.

Maonekedwe a khutu

Tchuthi chimakhala ndi thupi lathyathyathya, lalitali. Mtundu wa kumbuyo ndi bulauni wa chifuwa, mtundu wam'mimba ndi woderapo. Mutu ulibe mtima. Tinyanga ta mutu kumakhala zigawo 11-14, kutalika kwake ndi 2/3 kutalika kwa thunthu. Maso ndi ochepa kwambiri. Mapiko amtsogolo afupikitsa, opanda mitsempha. Mapiko aimpso kumbuyo kwake, lonse, wokhala ndi mitsempha.

Pa kuthawa, thupi la khutu limakhala pafupifupi. Mapiko atakulungidwa, amapindika kawiri pansi pa elytra. Mitundu ya ngala imawuluka kwambiri, koma amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito miyendo. Kutalika kwa akazi kumayambira pa mamilimita 12-14, ndi amuna - 13-17 mamilimita.

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri cha bwato lamakutu chimatengedwa ngati "mchira" wodabwitsa.

Chizindikiro cha makutu am'mutu ndi nkhupakupa pamutu wa thupi. Malingaliro awa amapezeka mu amuna ndi akazi, koma amuna ndi akulu, amakhala ndi mano, ndipo amazunguliridwa mkatikati. Mwa akazi, ndi osalala komanso owongoka. Izi nthambo za earwig zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza ndi kugwira nyama. Mukafika kwa khutu, amakweza kumbuyo ndikuwonetsa chida chake. Ndi nkhupakupa izi, zimatha kubaya khungu kulowa m'magazi. Koma samazunza anthu, ndikuluma pokhapokha podziteteza.

Earwig Habitat

Tizilombo timene timakhala ku Europe, West Asia ndi North Africa. Ku Europe, mitengo yamakutu ndiyabwinobwino. M'dziko lathu amapezeka kuchokera ku Kazakhstan kupita ku Urals komanso kuchokera ku Omsk kupita ku Kamen-on-Ob.

Waphew khutu.

Zomera m'makutu zimabweretsa ku Australia, North America ndi New Zealand. Ku America, kachilombo kameneka kakalembedwa ku Seattle, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo adafalikira ku California, North Carolina ndi Arizona.

Moyo wamakutu

Masana, tizilomboti timabisala m'malo obisika. Amatha kupezeka pansi pa masamba, miyala, m'matabwa. Usiku akuwonetsa zochitika, kutuluka m'misasa ndikuyamba kufunafuna chakudya.

Zochita za Earwig zimadalira kwambiri nyengo nyengo. Amawonetsa kusuntha kwakukulu pamasiku ofunda, pamene kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa nthawi yausiku ndi nthawi yausiku ndi kochepa. Mitambo yamvula imakhala yokoma kwawo, koma ikagwa mvula, ndiye kuti imakhala m'malo.

Zakudya Zam'makutu

Tizilombo timeneti ndi mitundu. Ngati tikulankhula za kudya nyama, ndiye kuti khutu lotchedwa khutu silimatchedwa lolusa, koma lachivulaza. Chakudyacho chimaphatikizapo nthata za akangaude, nsabwe za m'masamba, zosiyanasiyana zosagwira ma invertebrates.

Masamba am'madzi amawononga njuchi, nthawi imodzi amadya uchi 300 wamafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, mitengo ya makutu imadya mbali zosiyanasiyana za zomera, mbewa, nyemba ndi algae. Mitengo yamakutu imayambitsa zowonongeka zambiri mu ulimi, kudya nyama ya maapulo, mapichesi, mapeyala, currants, yamatcheri ndi yamatcheri. Zimakhala zovuta kuti aziluma zipatso zovuta, motero amasankha zipatso zosokonekera. Kuphatikiza apo, mitengo yamakutu imasiya chimbudzi chawocho. Kuphatikiza apo, amawononga masamba: zukini, nkhaka, tomato, mbatata. Masamba a m'mphepete amatha kukhazikika m'malo otetezeka komanso kudya zipatso zolimba.

Masiteji akapangidwe kamakutu a ngala

M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadutsa magawo otsatirawa: dzira - mphutsi - makutu a makutu.

Pakukula kwake, khungwayo limadutsa magawo atatu.

Kukhwima mu tizilombo timene kumachitika kumapeto kwa chirimwe. Pakatha miyezi ingapo, wamkazi amafukula dzenje panthaka yonyowa. Nora ndi nyumba yotetezeka kwa nyama zazing'ono komanso malo osamba nthawi yachisanu. Pamapeto pa dzenje, wamkazi amapanga kukulira ndikuyika mazira mmenemo.

Ntchitoyo ikamaliza, wamkazi amakhalabe ndi mazira, ngati mwamunayo amuthandiza, ndiye kuti amakhala wankhanza kwa iye panthawiyi. Amasamalira mazira, kuwasuntha, ndikusankha malo abwino kwambiri kwa iwo. Pafupifupi 89% ya nthawi yomwe mkazi amakhala pafupi ndi womanga ndipo nthawi zina amangomusiya.

Mu clutch yozizira, monga lamulo, mazira 30-60 amapezeka. Chapakatikati, chachikazi chimathanso kuyikira mazira, koma pamenepa chiwerengero chawo sichidutsa 20 zidutswa. Mazira ndi owala, oyera chikasoaso. Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imatenga masiku 56-85, munthawi yomwe amakhala pafupi kutuluka chinyezi.

Zomera zam'maso zimabereka kawiri pachaka.

Mphutsi za zinyalala zoyambirira zimamasulidwa mu Meyi, ndipo zinyalala zachiwiri - mu June. Mitundu yonse iwiri ya mphutsi imakula. Panthawi imeneyi, amasungunula maulendo 4 ndikusintha khungu. Poyamba, maonekedwe, mphutsi ndizofanana ndi mitengo yamakutu achikulire, koma zimangosiyana kukula kochepa komanso mthunzi. Poyamba, mphutsizo zimakhala zofiirira, ndipo mapiko awo sanakhazikike. Pambuyo pa molt uliwonse, mtundu wake umakhala wakuda, ndipo kachilombo kamakhala ngati munthu wamkulu. Mu Ogasiti, nyengo yakuberera iyamba, ndipo achinyamata panthawiyi ali okonzeka kukwatirana. Ngati kunja kukutentha, ndiye kuti mitengo yamaluwa imakula mwachangu.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.