Mtundu | Chordata (Chordata) |
Gulu | Repitili (Reptilia) |
Kufikira | Scaly (Suamata) |
Banja | Boas weniweni (Boidae) |
Chifundo | Boas Wofewa Wosamba (Epicates) |
Onani | Columbian Rainbow Boa (Epicrate maurus) |
Poyang'ana koyamba, njoka zamtunduwu zimakhala zokhala ndi utoto wodziwika: kamvekedwe kake ka utoto ndi kofiirira, nthawi zambiri kamakhala kosadziwika bwino ngati mphete zakuda kwambiri, mphete zokhala ndi theka ndi malo osiyanasiyana komanso kukula, mbali yam'mimba imakhala yoyera, kapena, njoka zakale, chikasu, monophonic. Koma, ngati kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena kuwala kowala kukagwera pa njokayo, ndiye kuti utawaleza wamtambo wamitundu yambiri umayamba kuthamanga kudutsa thupi lake, lomwe limapatsa dzinalo mawonekedwe.
Chosangalatsa china chamtundu wa boas ndikutha kusintha mtundu usiku ndi nthawi yamadzulo. Usiku, mtunduwo umakhala wosiyana kwambiri, mbali ndizowunikira, ndi mawonekedwe a mphete, zomwe ndizovuta kusiyanitsa masana, zimadziwonetsera muulemerero wake wonse. Chomwe chimasinthitsa khungu tsiku lililonse chimakhala chinsinsi, popeza tanthauzo lenileni la izi silikuwonekeratu.
Kutalika kwa moyo wa boas mwachilengedwe, nthawi zambiri zaka zisanu mpaka khumi, mu terrarium, njoka izi zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zaka zopitilira makumi awiri kapena kupitilira apo. Pali nthawi zina pomwe nthumwi zamtunduwu wa njoka zimapulumuka zofika zaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu ndi chiwiri, zikadali athanzi komanso athanzi.
Kufalikira kotereku kwa moyo m'chilengedwe komanso ukapolo kumafotokozedwa ndi kukhalapo kwa chilengedwe cha zinthu zambiri zoyipa, monga adani, mpikisano wa chakudya ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Pansi pa malo a boma la terarium, zinthu zonse zoyipa izi sizimachotsedwa, pokhapokha, potsatira mfundo zonse zofunika pokonza njoka yamtunduwu.
Habitat ndi moyo
Mwachilengedwe, ma Boan a mvula aku Colombia ndiofala ku madera otentha a America - kuchokera ku Costa Rica, kupita kumpoto kwa Brazil, kuphatikiza Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname ndi mayiko angapo aku Brazil, mkati mwa chigwa cha Amazon.
Nkhalango zachilengedwe zotentha (gileas, selvas), nkhalango zam'mapiri, zomwe zimakhala kwambiri pansi, zimakhala, koma nthawi zambiri zimatha kupumula pamitengo yamitengo. Njoka zazing'ono, nthawi yayitali yomwe zimakhala nthawi yayitali kutchire, zimakwera bwino pamakona awo ndikukhala ndi mchira wolimba kwambiri womwe ungagwire njokayo kunthambi.
Monga njoka zonse, ma bulugamu ama Colombia amasambira mokwanira, zomwe ndizofunikira mukakhala m'nkhalango zobiriwira mvula yambiri. Masana, njoka sizigwira ntchito, nthawi zina, ngati ndizofunikira, zimatha kukhala zogwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri njokayo ikasokonekera kapena ili ndi njala.
Nyama zotere zimasakidwa usiku kapena madzulo, nthawi zina kudutsa mtunda wautali kukafunafuna chakudya. Boazi sakhala malo komanso alibe kwawo kosaka, malo akutali. Masana, njoka zimabisala m'malo obisalamo - m'maenje, pansi pa mitengo ikuluikulu, matayala, kapena kungotayira zinyalala.
Kuswana
Utoto wa utoto waku Colombia nthawi zambiri umatha msinkhu wazaka zinayi mpaka zisanu, pomwe zazikazi zimakhwima msanga kuposa amuna. Nyengo ya kuswana imangokhala nthawi yadzuwa, yomwe magawo amenewo amagwa miyezi yachisanu. Pakadali pano, kutentha ndi chinyezi zimachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa amuna kufunafuna zazikazi. Amuna akuwonetsa zochulukira ndikuyenda, nthawi zina pamtunda wawutali, pofunafuna kugonana koyenera.
Mwana wamwamuna ndi wamkazi akakumana, nthawi yayitali pachibwenzi imayamba - yotchedwa "kuvina njoka", yomwe imachepetsedwa chifukwa chotsatira, pomwe mazira ambiri amakhala ndi umuna. Monga mitundu yambiri ya boas, ma boan utawaleza waku Colombia ndi obadwa mazira.
Ng'ombe (zomwe zimatha kupitirira 30) mazira ngakhale m'mimba ndipo zimabadwa kale ndikukonzekera moyo wodziyimira pawokha.
Makolo satenga nawo mbali polera ana, popeza njokayo ilibe nzeru yolera ana. Pambuyo pa molt woyamba, ana achichepere amayamba kudya mwachangu, kudya zilizonse zokhala ndi nyama zamtundu uliwonse zomwe angathe kuthana nazo - achule, makoswe ang'onoang'ono, anapiye a hummingbird ndi ena.
chithunzi cha utawaleza waku Colombia
Mu zaka zoyambirira, serpenti amakula kwambiri ndipo pofika chaka (pansi pazabwino) amafika kutalika pafupifupi masentimita makumi asanu. Ndi zaka, kukula kumachepetsa pang'ono.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Mwachilengedwe, kadyedwe ka nyama zowombelera za Colombian ndi nyama zapafupifupi zilizonse zomwe zimatha kugwira ndikugonjetsa. Komabe, pamaziko a chakudyacho ndi zinyama zazing'ono (kukula kwa nkhumba yayikulu ya Guinea) komanso zochepa, mbalame, komanso mazira ake. Ngakhale sizachilendo, njoka izi zimadya achule ndi abuluzi.
Njokayo idagona osadikirira ndikuyembekezera nyama zomwe zidapitapo. Momwe wovulalayo atangoonekera patali ndi njokayo, imaponya nthawi yomweyo ndipo njokayo imakulungiza mphete m'mbali mwake (mwachitsanzo, agouti). Mosiyana ndi chikhulupiriro chodziwika bwino, ma boas samathyola mafupa a wovutikayo, apo ayi, ngati atamezedwa, zidutswa zawo zitha kuwononga mapangidwe a njoka, omwe mosakayikitsa angamuphe.
Wovutitsidwayo samwalira ndi asphyxiation (asphyxia). M'malo mwake, kufa kwa wozunzidwayo kumachitika chifukwa chophwanya magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitsempha yamagazi iwonongeke kuchokera kuzokakamira kwamphamvu komwe kumapangidwa ndi mphamvu ya mphete za boa constutoror. Munthuyo akangofa, boa imayamba kunyamula, yomwe imatha kupitilira mphindi zisanu mpaka ola limodzi, kutengera kukula kwake.
Mu malo othamangitsa, ma boasi amenewa amawononga mitundu yonse ya makoswe - mbewa, makoswe, gerbils, nkhumba za Guinea. Panalibe zokakamiza zakudya zautali zambiri, m'malo mwake, njoka izi ndizabwino kwambiri ndipo zimatha kudya zamtsogolo.
Mukatha kudya, "boa" wa m'mimba - amatha kugaya zomwe adya. Kutentha kochepa, nthawi zambiri kumatenga ola limodzi osafunikira kumila. Njoka zazing'ono zimayenera kudyetsedwa kamodzi masiku khumi, akuluakulu amatha kudya pafupipafupi - kamodzi pa masabata awiri kapena ochepera.
Adani achilengedwe mwachilengedwe
Mwachilengedwe, ma bulugutu aku Colombian ali ndi adani ochepa. Nthawi zina amayamba kukhala ndi nyama zoyamwitsa, monga ma olekoti kapena anyani, komanso mbalame za nyama (zam'deralo za Falconiformes). Mabwana achichepere ali ndi adani ochulukirapo, ma cayman ndi anacondas amatha kuwonjezeredwa pazonse zomwe zili pamwambapa.
Mitundu ya utoto wa Colombia ndi imodzi mwazinyama zosadziwika kwambiri njoka zoyenera kukhalamo. Njoka izi zimakhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso mphamvu.
Segalari kapena chidebe 100 × 60 × 30 masentimita kukula kwake ndikokwanira kuti munthu azikhala ndi munthu wina wamkulu, yemwe ndi wocheperako. Moyenera, lidzakhala malo akuluakulu, okhala ndi madzi ambiri - thanki yayikulu yomwe ili ndi madzi komanso nthambi zolimba zokhazikika. Mu terarium, malo otenthetsera amafunikira - gwero lamagetsi lamagetsi mumakona ake ena.
Nyali za Incandescent, mphasa zamafuta kapena zingwe zamafuta zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati magetsi othandizira, zonse zimatengera zomwe munthu amasankha. Kutentha pakona "yotentha" kuyenera kukhala osachepera + 30 ° C; m'malo ena onse otentha, kutentha kwa "chipinda" ndi kololedwa, komwe ndi pafupifupi 25 25 C. Usiku, matenthedwe akumbuyo amatha kugwera mpaka 19 ° C.
Popeza boas ndi nyama zausiku zokha, sizifunikira kuyatsa konse. Kuphatikiza apo, kusowa kwa kuyatsa ndikabwino, chifukwa kumachotsa kupsinjika kotheka - njoka sizimakonda kuwala ndipo nthawi zonse zimabisala kwa izo.
Kuti muthane ndi kutentha, ndibwino kwambiri kuyika chozizirira kutentha kapena chothandizira chotenthetsera zamagetsi mkati mwa terarium. Chinyezi panthawi yokonza njoka zamtunduwu zilibe kanthu, bola ngati sichotsika kwambiri. Kukhalapo kwa thanki yokhala ndi madzi oyera ndikofunikira mu terarium - boas amakonda kumwa ndikumwa kwambiri.
Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malo okhala njoka - iwo adzayamikira izi ndipo akhala mkati mwawo tsiku lonse.
Ma booleti a utawaleza waku Colombia nthawi zambiri samakhala wankhanza kwa anthu, koma anthu ena amakhala aukali podziteteza. Mulimonsemo, muyenera kuyesetsa kuti muchepetse kulumikizana ndi njokayo, yomwe imapulumutsa nyama kuti isapanikizike.
30.01.2016
Mtundu wa mvula ya booleza (lat. Epicates cenchria) ndi wa mtundu wa Smooth-lipped constorateors (lat. Epicrate). Amadziwikanso kuti aboma. Ili ndi njoka yopanda poizoni yomwe siziwonetsa kukwiya kwa anthu ndipo imamva bwino kwambiri ukapolo.
Padzuwa, khungu lake limafanana ndi utawaleza wamitundu yambiri. Mphamvuyo imalimbikitsidwa poyenda nyama zapamadzi. Utoto umasintha masana ndipo zimatengera kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Kufalitsa
Ma rainbow boas amakhala kumpoto kwa South America. Amakhala anthu okhala m'malo obiriwira mvula ndipo nthawi zonse amayesa kukhazikika pafupi ndi matupi amadzi.
Magulu ang'onoang'ono amapezekanso m'matanthwe okhala ndi mitengo yamitengo ndi malo oyambira. Anthu ena amakhala omasuka pafupi ndi nyumba yomwe amakhala. Pakadali pano mitundu isanu ndi itatu ya boams wa utoto amadziwika, osiyana ndi wina ndi mawonekedwe pakhungu.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Utawaleza wa mvula
Utawaleza wa boya ulinso ndi dzina lina - mafungo, izi zopanda poizoni, ndi za banja la pseudopods ndi mtundu wa boas-lipped boas. Banja limatchedwa pseudopod, chifukwa oyimilira adasunga miyendo ya kumbuyo ndi miyendo yake. Kunja, amafanana ndi zibwano.
Chowoneka Chosangalatsa: Wachibale wapafupi kwambiri wa rainbow boa constrictor ndi anaconda, womveka mbali zake zazikulu.
Mwa mitundu yopanga utawaleza wapamwamba, pali mitundu ingapo ya nyama zamtunduwu, zamtundu wosyasyalika zoyimira:
- Utawaleza waku Colombia,
- Cuba wa boa wa boma
- Ford utawaleza boa
- Mvula yamvula ya ku Jamaican
- Utawaleza waku South America
- Haiti slim boa
- Utawaleza wa ku Peru.
Ma boas onse omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa amatha kusiyanitsa mawonekedwe awo akunja. Boams achichepere aku Colombia ali ndi mzere wofiirira kutalika kwake, womwe umakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga akulu amitengo ya beige. Zovala zokhwima zimapakidwa utoto wofiirira kapena wofiirira, zimakongoletsedwa ndi utawaleza wadzuwa ndi dzuwa.
Chochititsa chidwi: Mwa boams a South America a boams, mitundu isanu ndi itatu yosiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu, yomwe mtundu wake ndi wosiyana kwambiri, motero ndizovuta kufotokoza mtunduwu wonse.
Nyama za utawaleza za ku Peru zikufanana bwino ndi ma boya aku Brazil, zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa masikelo ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati mphete kumbuyo. Mitundu ya utoto wa ku Cuba imakhala ndi chokongoletsera chosiyana ndi chokoleti kapena chakuda. Ma boah a utawaleza waku Haiti amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe wamba beige oyambira, omwe amawonetsa akuda, imvi kapena malo amtundu wa chokoleti, omwe amakhala mwangozi.
Vidiyo: Utawaleza wamadzi
Kodi nchifukwa ninji lingaliro lamalamulo limatchedwa utawaleza ngati mamvekedwe amitundu ambiri amtunduwu amasiyanasiyana kuchokera pamtengo wamtengo wapatali mpaka chokoleti chakuda? Chowonadi ndi chakuti munthu wa njoka uyu amasinthidwa modabwitsa, dzuwa litangowalira pomwepo. Bola constrimor amayamba kusefukira ngati hologram, kunyezimira ndi mitundu yonse ya utawaleza ndikulodza ena.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Njoka Yamvula ya Bowa
Ngakhale mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya boza la utawaleza imapatsidwa mawonekedwe awo, komabe, ali ndi mawonekedwe wamba amtundu ndi banja. Kutalika kwa zotsalira za kontinentiyi kumafikira mamita awiri. Njoka za utawaleza wamadzi ndi theka ndizofala kwambiri. Kuchulukitsa kwa nyama yankhokwe kuyambira pa magalamu mazana asanu ndi awiri mpaka ma kilogalamu awiri. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa izi constitoror ndi kukhalapo kwa mamba akulu ndi ofunikira m'deralo pakati pa maso a njoka.
Utawaleza umatha kutchedwa kuti wokongola kwenikweni. Iye ndi m'modzi mwa anthu khumi okongola kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Kamvekedwe kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka khungu kamakhala:
Chingwecho chimakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga akuluakulu owoneka bwino, omwe amakhala m'malire ndi sitiroko yakuda, ndikupanga mawonekedwe a mphete. M'mphepete pali malo owerengeka, okhala ndi chingwe chodziwika bwino. Pakatikati pa malo ofananira ndi akuda, kuchokera kutali iwo amawoneka ngati maso ali ndi mwana wakuda. Pafupi ndi m'mimba, mutha kuwona malo ang'onoang'ono akuda. Mbali yam'mimba imakhala ndi kamvekedwe kakang'ono.
Monga tanena kale, padzuwa pang'onopang'ono dzuwa limawala ndipo limawala, ndikulowera ndi utawaleza wake. Mulingo wofanizira wa boa ndi wosalala, wopanda zotupa komanso wosangalatsa kukhudza. Milozo ya njoka, monga ma prites, imawonetsa kuwala kwa dzuwa, kukunyezimira ndi mtundu wamtambo, wobiriwira, wanthaka, wofiyira komanso wamtambo. Nthawi zambiri, anthu amabwera momwe mawonekedwe omwe kulibe, koma amawala padzuwa mokongola komanso mokongola.
Chosangalatsa: Utawaleza utawoneka, khungu lake lotayika limakhala lopanda maonekedwe ndipo silikhala ndi zokongoletsa zina.
Kodi utawaleza umakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Bola la mvula ya mvula ku Brazil
Maboti a utawaleza anafalikira konsekonse ku Central ndi South America. Nyanjazi zimakhala ndi malo otentha, achilengedwe, nkhalango, mitsinje ikuluikulu (Orinoco, Amazon). Amakonda kukhazikika m'malo oyandikira madzi. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse yamatope amtchire ndi yotchuka. Malo ogawikirako amatengera mtundu wina.
Colombia wopanga utawaleza wasankha Panama, kumpoto kwa America South America ndi Costa Rica. Imapezeka m'malo ocheperako kuzilumba za Trinidad ndi Tobago, Margarita, mphepete mwa gombe la Guiana. Mtunduwu umakonda nkhalango zouma zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi malo otentha.
Ndizosavuta kuganiza kuti fungo lamanyazi ku South America lalembetsa ndikufalikira ku South America konse. Dera lozungulirali limakhala m'malo otentha komanso otentha komanso otentha. Boa ku Paraguayan satha kupezeka kokha mu kukula kwa Paraguay, komanso m'madambo omwe ali ku Argentina ndi Brazil. Mitundu ya boas ku Argentina ikhazikika kumadera a Argentina, Bolivia ndipo imakhala kumapiri a Andes.
Ku India, pali mitundu isanu ndi inayi yamafungo. Zodzikongoletsera zambiri zomwe zimapezeka ku Bahamas ndi Haiti. Mtundu wa ku Cuba wa utawaleza walembedwa ku Cuba. Boas of Jamaica, Puerto Rico ndi Namwali ndi Antilles nawonso asankha.
Abomas amatha kukhala m'magawo okhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana, okhala:
- nkhalango zam'malo otentha,
- pa mapiri atakulidwa ndi zitsamba zowirira,
- m'malo onyowa
- malo otseguka a mapiri
- savannah
- madera opezeka m'chipululu.
Malo osiyanasiyana okhala malo osungirako nyama zodzala ndi ziwonetsero amaonetsa kuti boams wa utawaleza ndi pulasitiki wachilengedwe ndipo amatha kuzolowera madera osiyanasiyana ozungulira.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe utawaleza wam'madzi umakhala. Tiwone zomwe amadya.
Kodi utawaleza umadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Red Book rainbow Boa
Kwambiri, menyu a boole utawaleza amakhala ndi mitundu yonse ya makoswe osati mbalame zazikulu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ilinso ndi zokhwasula mwapadera. Cuba boas amabwezanso zakudya zawo ndi mileme ndi iguanas, nthawi zina amadya njoka zina.Mtunduwu umakonda kusaka kubisalira, kudikirira moleza mtima zomwe ungagwire. Ford boas imatha nthawi yambiri mu korona wa mitengo ndi abuluzi ambiri pazakudya zawo.
Si chinsinsi kuti anthu achikulire ndi ochulukirapo ogulitsa, amakula mbale pazosankha zake. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi nkhumba zonse, munthu wa utawaleza amagwira nyama ndi mano ake, kenako amagwiritsa ntchito njira yolimbitsira, kudzipukusa ndi thupi lake lolimba. Panthawi ya chakudyacho, makamaka ngati nyama yake ili yayikulupo, zikuwoneka kuti ina imadzichotsera yokha, ndikuyimeza. Kagayidwe ka boas sikumachedwa, kotero kugaya kumatha kutenga tsiku lopitilira tsiku limodzi, koma pafupipafupi sabata yonse kapena awiri.
Utawaleza wokhala ngati mvula kumadera otetezedwa ndimakolo komanso mbalame. Nguluwe zazing'ono zimathandizidwa ndi mbewa zangobadwa kumene. Kukula kwa kudyetsa kumatengera zaka zakubadwa komanso momwe zimakhalira. Achinyamata ndi akazi omwe ali ndi maudindo amadyetsedwa kawiri kawiri (masiku asanu aliwonse), pomwe ma booa ena okhwima amatha kudyetsedwa nthawi zambiri. Ndikofunikira kuti wothandizira constroor nthawi zonse azikhala ndi madzi akumwa oyera.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Utawaleza wa mvula
Utawaleza umakonda kukhala wokha, kuyenda kwambiri padziko lapansi. Umu ndi momwe njoka zokhwima zimakhalira, ndipo kukula kwachichepere kumatsogolera moyo wamatabwa, kumakhala nthawi yayitali mu korona wa mitengo, kupumula panthambi zazitali. Wogwiritsa ntchito utawaleza amathawa kutentha kosasunthika ndikudziphimba yekha mumasamba kapena dothi lokhazikika, motero limadziziziritsa.
Aboma ndiwosambira bwino kwambiri, sizothandiza pachabe kuti amakhala patali ndi matupi amadzi, chifukwa zitsanzo zokhwima sizingalephere kuzungulira m'madzi otsitsimula. Reptile imakhala ndi maso akuthwa, ngati chiwombankhanga ndipo fungo lake ndilabwino kwambiri. Bola constrictor amakhalanso ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri - lilime lake lodziwika bwino, lomwe njokayo, ngati sikani, imayang'anitsitsa madera ozungulira, kuwulula nyama komanso zanzeru. Utawaleza wamadzi umayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yamadzulo, amakonda kusaka usiku.
Ngati tizingolankhula zokhudzana ndi mawonekedwe komanso mawonekedwe amtunduwu, ndiye kuti malo omwe amawonekera kuti ndi amtendere, samasiyana pakukwiya kwapadera kwa anthu. Zachidziwikire, ngati mukuganiza zongoganiza, ndiye kuti woponderezedwa amatha kusokoneza munthu amene akukakamizidwa, koma pali zochitika zochepa zotere. Kuti munthu wokulepheretsani kupanga zinthu zomwe zafa kwa munthu, ayenera kukhala amantha kapena owopsa.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola ndikufalikira mu kuwala, ma abul adadziwika kwambiri pakati paokonda njoka, chifukwa chake akukhala ochulukirachulukira, ndipo kuwasungira sikovuta kwambiri, chifukwa ndi wodekha komanso osadzitukumula. Kuthengo, boa, powona mabowo, amayesa kubwerera mwachangu kuti msonkhano osafunikira usachitike.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Bola la mvula ya mvula ku Brazil
Simungathe kuyitanitsa chophatikizika ngati utawaleza, amakonda kukhala yekha kufikira nthawi yaukwati ibwere. Munthawi imeneyi, mkazi amawonetsa kukonzekera kwake kugona, ndikuwonetsa chinsinsi cha fungo labwino. Woyenda m'golomo, atazindikira fungo lokhazikika, amathamangira kukamufuna. Zimachitika kuti ma suti angapo nthawi yomweyo amafunsira munthu wamkazi mmodzi. Pankhaniyi, mikangano ya omwe akupikisana nawo ndiyotheka. Amayamba kugundana, kupendana komanso kuluma. Wopambana amapeza ufulu wokhala wachikazi, ndipo wotsutsana naye amachotsedwa.
Njoka yachikazi ili m'malo pafupifupi miyezi isanu. Samayika mazira, chifukwa utawaleza boas ndi repitles viviparous. Nthawi zambiri, kuyambira ma kite asanu ndi atatu mpaka khumi ndi asanu amawonekera, kutalika kwake kumatha kufika theka la mita, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 25 kapena 30 cm, ndipo kulemera kwawo sikumaposa 20 g. Njira yoyamba yosungunula imayamba masiku 10-15 pambuyo pobadwa. Ikatha, njoka zazing'ono zimayamba kusaka kwawo kwachangu ndi kukula. Utawaleza wa utawaleza umamera nthawi yonse ya njoka, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri umakhala wolimba - pafupifupi katatu kapena kanayi pachaka.
Muukapolo, abamu nawonso amagwira ntchito mosamala komanso mwanzeru, ku malo osungira nyama komanso kumalo achisangalalo. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, unyamata umakula msanga, ndipo umakula mpaka kufika mita. Kutalika kwa moyo, kuyesedwa ndi utawaleza mwachilengedwe, kuyambira 12 mpaka 20. M'matchuthi, njoka zimakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa zakuthengo.
Adani Achilengedwe Achilengedwe Ochita Zimbudzi
Chithunzi: Njoka Yamvula ya Bowa
Ngakhale poteteza utawaleza ndilokwanira, lili ndi adani ambiri mwachilengedwe. Zosafunikira sizikhala ndi poizoni, kotero kuchuluka kwakeko kumawonjezeka.
Utawaleza wakulu umasanduka chakudya:
Ana osazindikira komanso njoka zomwe zangobadwa kumene nthawi zambiri zimavutika ndi ma hedgehogs wamba, coyote, amayang'anira abuluzi. Kuopseza kwa boas kumachokera ku ankhandwe, akhwangwala akulu, nkhanu, akulu akulu achisamba.
Mdani wa woweruza wotsatira wa boa amathanso kutchedwa munthu yemwe nthawi zambiri amalowa m'malo obwerezabwereza, kuwathamangitsa m'maderamo. Anthu amatchera mafuta kununkhira kuti atumizirebe kwa omwe amagwira ntchito ku terrarium. M'mayiko ena, boazi amaonedwa kuti ndi chakudya chenicheni, chifukwa njoka nthawi zambiri zimaphedwa chifukwa chakumwa.
Podziteteza, ma boa ali ndi zina mwa machenjera awo ndi mawonekedwe awo. Wothandizirana ndi mantha kapena wokwiyitsa amatulutsa mokuwa kwambiri ndipo akhoza kuluma. Utawaleza waku Cuba umadzitchinjiriza, kudziteteza, kudzipindulira mpaka mpira. Maso awo amakhala ofiira ndipo madontho a magazi amawoneka kuchokera mkamwa. Mtundu wa bo constorateor, ngati Enygrus asper, umaoneka ngati njoka yowoneka bwino ndipo imatha kupindika bwino. Polimbana ndi moyo wawo, njira zonse ndi zabwino, kotero ena amasankha ndipo amapita kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Rainbow Boa, kapena Aboma
Ngakhale utawaleza udafalikira kudera lonse la Central ndi South America, zinthu zambiri zoyipa zimakhudzanso moyo wawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha anthu chipere kuchepa, mitundu ina ndiyosowa kwambiri, ndipo sizosavuta kukumana nayo.
Choyamba, zochitika zachiwawa zamunthu zimakhudza mtundu wamoyo wokhala wonyansa. Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, kukokoloka kwa malo achithaphwi, kulima malo kuti ntchito zaulimi zitheke, ntchito yomanga anthu ndi misewu yayitali imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafunde a mvula, kusokoneza moyo wawo komanso kuwachotsa kumalo komwe amakhala.
Kuphatikiza pazinthu zonse pamwambapa, ma boas akuvutika chifukwa chodziwika bwino pakati pa eni nyumba. Amagwidwa nthawi zambiri kuti pambuyo pake agulitsidwe m'manja achinsinsi. M'mayiko ena, abomasawa amadyedwa, omwe amakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa anthu osati m'njira yabwino. Zikuwoneka kuti kuchuluka kwa ma boolere pamvula sikunafike pamenepa chifukwa ndi osabereka komanso oswana bwino malo osungira nyama, malo osungirako malo osiyanasiyana komanso malo achisangalalo, omwe sangakondwere. Komabe, musaiwale kuti mitundu ina yakhala yosowa kwambiri ndipo ingatheretu.
Othandizira a Rainbow Boa
Chithunzi: Red Book rainbow Boa
Monga tawonera kale, kuchuluka kwa mapokoso a utawaleza sikukukomera konse, kuchuluka kwa nyama zodzikongoletsera pang'onopang'ono zikuchepa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mbiri yoyipa yamunthu yomwe imakhudza nyama zambiri, kuphatikizapo fungo.
Tilembapo mitundu ya mitundu ya anthu omwe ali ngati utawaleza omwe akuwopsezedwa kuti atha. Apa mutha kuyitanitsa utawaleza wa ku Jamaican, kuchuluka kwake komwe kunakhudzidwa kwambiri ngakhale panthawi yaulamuliro ku Ulaya. Njoka izi zidagwidwa ndikuwapha. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti m'zaka zamakumi awiri zamtunduwu mitunduyi idzaonekeretu kuchokera ku Jamaica, koma boa inali mwayi wopulumuka pachilumba chaching'ono chotchedwa Goat Island. Tsopano mtunduwu umatetezedwa ndi maulamuliro aku Jamaican, ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi hertipologists nthawi zonse. Zobwezeretsera zimaphulika mwatsatanetsatane kuti zisawonongeke kuti ziwonongedwe kwathunthu.
Zomwe zikuchitika ku Puerto Rico ndizofanana ndi ku Jamaica, dera la Puerto Rican likhoza kuzimiririka pa nkhope ya Dziko lapansi chifukwa chakuchotsedwa m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri ndi kudyedwa ndi anthu wamba. Tsopano boa iyi imayang'aniridwa ndikuyesera kusunga manambala mwa kuswana munjira zochitira zinthu.
Mndandanda Wofiira wa IUCN ndi Zowonjezera I kapena II za Msonkhano Wapadziko Lonse zamitundu isanu yamitundu yosalala:
Ngati njira zodzitchinjiriza pazokhazikika zomwe zakhala zikugwira ntchito, mitundu yachilengedwe idzapulumutsidwa kuti isakuwonongedwe, ndiye kuti nkhani yofalitsa nzeru ndi kufalitsa pakati pa anthu achilengedwe zokhudzana ndi kusasokoneza anthu mdera lokhala zodzala ndi kusamala kwawo njoka izi ndizothandiza.
Popeza ndaphunzira zatsopano komanso zosangalatsa za moyo wa zolengedwa zokongola ngati utawaleza, ndimafuna kulimbikitsa anthu kuti azichita nawo mosamala komanso mwaulemu, ngakhale zilibe kanthu kuti munthu wa njokayu amakhala kuti - malo owetera kapena kuthengo. Utawaleza boa imakhala ndi dzina lake, chifukwa imabweretsa utawaleza, ikasewera ndi maonekedwe achikuda pazowala zowala za dzuwa.
Maonekedwe ndi kufotokozera kwa utawaleza
Utawaleza ndi njoka zokhazokha ndipo ndi amitundu yayikulu ya Epicrate. Kutalika kwa munthu wamkulu woponderezana pamtunda ndi mainchesi awiri, ndipo kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera ku mitundu yosakhala yotentha ndi yayikulu komanso yofanana masikelo yomwe ili pakati pa maso a nyama.
Ndizosangalatsa! Woyimira utawaleza ndi woyenera njoka khumi zokongola kwambiri padziko lapansi, koma khungu lomwe linatayidwa pakhungu silinapangidwe ndipo silikhala ndi mawonekedwe.
Mtundu wakumbuyo wa utawaleza umatha kukhala wa bulauni kapena pabuka komanso kufota. Malo owala kwambiri amafotokozedwanso bwino, ozunguliridwa ndi mphete zakuda kumbuyo konse.
M'mphepete pali malo ang'onoang'ono akuda okhala ndi Mzere wowala. Pafupi ndi pamimba pali malo angapo ang'onoang'ono amtundu wakuda. Kuwala kwa dzuwa, masikelo amapeza sheen wamphamvu komanso wooneka bwino kwambiri komanso wonyezimira pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya utawaleza.
Malo okhala ndi malo okhala
Malo okhala utawaleza waku Colombian ndi gawo la Panama ndi Costa Rica, komanso kumpoto kwa South America. Pazilumba zingapo za Margarita, Tobago ndi Trinidad komanso gombe la Guiana. Mitundu imakonda kukhazikika pamalo opanda nkhalango pafupi ndi savannah.
Malo okhala ndi utawaleza waku South America adafalikira ku America konse. Mtunduwu umakhala m'malo otentha komanso otsika kwambiri, komanso m'malo obisika.
Paraguayan utawaleza wokhala ku Paraguay amakhala ku Paraguay, komanso madera otsika kwambiri ku Brazil ndi Argentina, ndipo malo ogawikirako a mitundu ya Argentina akuimiridwa ndi Argentina, malo opezeka kumapiri a Andes ndi Bolivia.
Dera la West Indies ndipamene mitundu isanu ndi inayi ya utawaleza wam'madzi. 3kuchuluka kwambiri kwa zapamadzi zomwe zimapezeka ku Bahamas ndi Haiti. Komanso malo ogawikirawa ndi gawo la Jamaica ndi Cuba, Islands Islands ndi Puerto Rico. Utawaleza waku Cuba umakhala ku Cuba.
Moyo Wamawonekedwe a Bowa
Monga lamulo, achinyamata onse, mosasamala za mitundu, amakonda kukhala ndi moyo wamatabwa. Akamakula, utoto wa utawaleza umatha gawo lalikulu la moyo wawo padziko lapansi.
Pakakhala masiku otentha kwambiri, zimbirizi zimabisala panthaka yabwino kapena masamba ogwa. Wowonjezera mvula watha amatha kusambira kwambiri, chifukwa chake, akulu amakhala nthawi yayitali m'malo osungira zachilengedwe.
Mitundu ya Rainbow Boa
Mitundu yoyambira yosanjikiza mitundu imakhala ndi mitundu isanu ndi iwiri, mwa mitundu isanu ndi umodzi mwa ma Antilles ndi Bahamas. Dera lalikulu kwambiri logawidwa ndi mafungo limayimiriridwa ndi nkhalango zam'malo otentha, zitsamba zokutidwa ndi mapiri, zigwa, mapiri, malo otseguka am'mapiri, komanso madera ena a chipululu, omwe ndi umboni wa chilengedwe chapamwamba kwambiri.
Ambiri omwe anali pafupi ndi Colombia ndi utawaleza wa ku Colombia (E. maurus), utawaleza waku South America (El penshria), Cuban boa (E. anguliferi), butha la ku Haiti bo (E. striatus), Ford rainbow boa (E. forrdii), utawaleza waku Jamaican boa (E.subflavus) ndi utawaleza wamvula wa Peruvia (E.s.gaigei).
Chimodzi mwa ma boache achichepere aku Colombia ndi mzere wakuda wa bulauni wokhala ndi mawanga akulu akulu a bulauni.. Akuluakulu amakhala ndi utoto wamaonekedwe ofiira kapena otuwa komanso kuwala kwa utawaleza pakuwala.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ku South America utawaleza wa mvula ndi mitundu yonse isanu ndi itatu yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe omwe amasokoneza kudzizindikiritsa kwa nyama zapamtunda.
Madzi am'madzi am'madzi aku Peruvia akufanana ndi ma boas aku Brazil, ndipo kusiyana kwakukulu ndi kuchuluka kwa masikelo ndi kupezeka kumbuyo kwa mawonekedwe amphete okhala ndi gawo lowala pakati. Mitundu yonse ya utoto wa ku Cuba imakhala ndi mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe olemera, omveka bwino komanso osiyana mawonekedwe amtundu wakuda kapena wakuda. Kupaka utoto wa utoto wa Haiti kumaimiridwa ndi mawanga amdima, amtundu wanthawi zonse kapena akuda, akuda kapena amtundu wakuda pazowala kapena beige.
Adani achilengedwe a njoka
Njoka zazikulu zokwanira, zomwe zimaphatikizapo utawaleza, ndizotetezeka ndipo zimakhala ndi adani ambiri mwachilengedwe. Akuluakulu amakonda kugwidwa ndi mbalame zazikulu zomwe amadya, nkhanga, nkhumba zakutchire ndi anyani.
Boazi yaying'ono kapena yaying'ono, monga lamulo, amadyedwa ndi ma hedgehogs, amayang'anira abuluzi ndi coyotes. Kuopsa kwambiri kwa zokwawa kumayimiridwanso ndi ntchentche, ankhandwe, akhwangwala akuluakulu ndi mongooses akulu.
Zaka zaposachedwa, kutchuka kwa kukonza nyumba kwa njoka zikuluzikulu zopanda poizoni kwakula kwambiri. Makamaka nthawi zambiri, malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi amapangika, ngati chiweto chokongola, utawaleza wokongola kwambiri komanso wosasamala.
Zofunika! Ngati pakufunika kuti petulo izikhala bata, ingotsitsani kutentha kutentha m'malo otentha, komwe kumathandizira kuti EA ipite kuchipatala, ndipo kukwera kwamtunda mwachangu kumapangitsa kuti mpweya wotentha ubwere.
Chida cha Terrarium
Momwe malamulo ndi malamulo osungira utawaleza amabwerera kunyumba zoyendera nyumba zimadalira mitundu ya njoka, komanso moyo wosowa. Mitundu yomwe imakhala m'malo achilengedwe pamitengo imafunikira malo owotcherera okhala ndi makhoma okwanira komanso odalirika.
Pofuna kusunga boa kukhala mumtondo wolimba, ndikofunikira kugula malo opingasa. Mulimonsemo, miyeso ya nyumba yakunyumba iyenera kukhala yogwirizana ndi kukula kwa ziweto zachikulire zosowa.
Mitundu ya utawaleza ndi m'gulu la nyama zamagazi ozizira, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kayendetsedwe ka kutentha ndi zofunikira kwambiri chinyezi. Pachifukwachi, ndikofunikira kukonzanso malo ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi oyenda kwambiri.
Optimum ndikusankha kwa mitundu yokhala ndi masensa otenthetsera kutentha, omwe amakupatsani mwayi kukhalabe kutentha kwa woyimira wotsatira wa boa. Miyezo ya chinyezi imayendetsedwa ndi hygrometer. Mitundu yambiri, chinyezi chofunikira ndi 75-80%.
Zofunika! Gawo lina la malo otetezako liyenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa 30-32 ° C, ndipo gawo linalo likhale 20-21 ° C, zomwe zingalole kuti petulo izitha kuyendetsa bwino thupi.
Pansi pa nyumba pa utawaleza uloza muyenera kudzaza ngalande ndi dothi lapansi, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa orchid. Komanso m'malo operekera nkhondowo muyenera kuyika mitengo yothamangitsa ndi nthambi zamitengo, komwe mudzakhala kothawirako mankhwala ogulitsa kunyumba.
Zakudya ndi zakudya zazikulu
Kupereka chakudya choyenera cha nyumba yanu yopanga utawaleza ndikovuta. Mosasamala kanthu za mtunduwu, chakudya chachikulu cha nyama zam'madzi ndi makoswe ndi mbalame zazikulu kwambiri. Boazi achichepere amalimbikitsidwa kudyetsa mbewa zatsopano.
Kukula kwa kudyetsa komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya kuyenera kuwerengeredwa kutengera zaka komanso zofuna za boa. Mulimonsemo, achichepere ndi amayi omwe ali ndi pakati amafunika kudya pafupipafupi. Nyama zotere zimapatsidwa chakudya pafupifupi masiku asanu aliwonse. Akuluakulu ena amathanso kudyetsedwa kangapo pa sabata.
Zofunika! Mwa mitundu yonse yamabomba am'madzi mnyumba, ndikofunikira kuti azipewa madzi osamwa opanda vuto lililonse.
Njira zopewera
Ma rainbow boas ndi okonda mtendere mwachilengedwe. Ngakhale pali nthano zambiri zomwe zimafotokoza zakuda kwa magazi a nyama zamtunduwu, kuukira anthu sikochepa. Zachidziwikire, muzochilengedwe, munthu wachikulire komanso wovuta kwambiri wa boa amatha kukoka munthu ngakhale pansi pamadzi, kenako ndikumeta chifuwa.
Komabe, njoka yotereyi singathe kumeza munthu. Nthawi zambiri, boas amapewa kupewa kukumana ndi anthu, ndipo kuwakwiyitsa ndikovuta kwambiri. Koma munthu wokhumudwitsa wa boa amatha kulira mokweza, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kuluma.
Ndizosangalatsa! Pazowopsa, a Cuba akuwombera pa mpira, pomwe maso awo amawoneka ofiira ndipo magazi amawoneka mkamwa, ndipo mawonekedwe a Enygrus asper amawoneka kwambiri ngati chowonjezera ndipo amatha kudumpha bwino.
Kuswana kwanyoka kunyumba
Kuti ubereke, wamphongo ubzalidwe ndi mkazi. Chiyeneretso choyenera ndi: amuna awiri pa akazi aliyense. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi miyezi isanu.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kutalika kwakanthawi kovuta kwa boa kumasiyana kuchokera pa 24.0 mpaka 31,5 masentimita ndi kulemera kwa 15,5-20,5 g.
Ana obadwa ali ndi mawonekedwe owala bwino. Pokhapokha pazakudya, ng'ono zazing'ono zimalemera msanga, ndipo pofika mwezi wa 12 kutalika kwake kumakhala mita.
Gulani uta wa utawaleza - malangizo
Mukamagula chingwe cha utawaleza, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti reptile ilibe ma pathologies. Nyama yogulidwayo siyenera kukhala yoopsa kapena yoopsa.
Kulakalaka kuyenera kusamalidwa. Khungu la exotica lathanzi silikhala ndi ma scuffs kapena mabala.
Komwe mungagule njoka, choti muziyang'ana
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zaka zingapo zapitazi, matenda obwezeretsa kachilomboka adakhala ofala kwambiri. Exotica yotereyi imakhala yonyamula monga asymptomatic, chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kugula ma boas omwe ali odziwika odziwika ku nazale zapadera kapena kwa oweta okhazikika oyambitsa ziweto.