Argiope Brunnich | |||||||||
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Gulu la asayansi | |||||||||
Ufumu: | Eumetazoi |
Malo: | Makulidwe a Araneomorphic |
Zabwino Kwambiri: | Araneoidea |
Subfamily: | Argiopinae |
Onani: | Argiope Brunnich |
Argiope bruennichi (Scopoli, 1772)
Argiope Brunnich , kapena kangaude (lat. Argiope bruennichi) - mtundu wa akangaude a araneomorphic. Ndioyimira banja lalikulu la akangaude oyenda (Araneidae) Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi gululi ndi kuthekera kwawo kukhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito ma capubs omwe akukwera mafunde amphepo. Mbali iyi ya biology mwanjira ina imapangitsa kuchuluka kwa zigawo zakumpoto ndi mitundu ya kumwera.
Kufotokozera
Makulidwe apakatikati apakatikati. Kutalika kwa akazi ndi mpaka 1.5 cm, wamwamuna mpaka 5 mm. Miyendo ndi yayitali komanso yopyapyala. Akuluakulu, dimorphism imatchulidwa. Akazi amakhala ndi mimba yozungulira. Chojambula cham'mimba cha m'mimba chimawoneka ngati mikwingwirima yakuda yosunthira pachikaso chowoneka bwino, chimafanana ndi mavu wam'mimba kunja. Cephalothorax ndi silvery. Miyendo ndi yopepuka, yomwe ili ndi mphete zakuda. Amuna ali ndi mtundu wa nondescript. Mimba ya amuna ndi yopapatiza, yamtengo wapatali wopepuka wautoto wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yamdima yayitali. Miyendo ndiyitali, ndi mphete zakuda bii. Pa pedipalps mababu akulu akufotokozedwa - maliseche amuna.
Dera
Mawonekedwe a Palearctic, powerengera mapiri ndi zipululu. Kugawidwa ku North Africa, Kumwera ndi Central Europe, ku Crimea, Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Asia Minor, Central Asia, China, Korea, India ndi Japan. Ku mbali ya ku Europe ya Russia, malire akumpoto a magawidwe malinga ndi deta kuyambira kumapeto kwa 1960s ndi koyambirira kwa m'ma 1970. anadutsa 52-53 ° s. w. Komabe, kuyambira 2003, zalandiridwa zokhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa Argiope kumpoto kwa mzerewu.
Kugawidwa ku Russia ku Orenburg, Bryansk, Orel, Lipetsk, Penza, Voronezh, Tambov, Ulyanovsk, Chelyabinsk, Saratov, zigawo za Astrakhan, ku Crimea ndi Caucasus, m'zaka zaposachedwa kwawonedwa ku Stavropol, Krasnoyarsk Regitories, Ryazan Tit. Mu 2015, zidapezeka pamtunda wa Rdeisky Reserve ku Novgorod Region. Idapezeka koyamba m'dera la Kaluga mu Ogasiti 1999. Mu Ogasiti 2018 idapezeka ku Samara, Juni 2019 ku Syzran (dera la Samara)
Amabzala masamba, misewu, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango ndi madera ena otentha dzuwa, pamakongoleredwe kazomera zobiriwira. Imakhala pamtunda ndi zitsamba zamera.
Biology
Monga akangaude ena, kuluka maukonde akusaka nthawi yamadzulo, ntchitoyo imatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi. Maukonde a cobweb ndi akulu, okhala ndi mawilo. Pakatikati pa spiral network imapezeka kukhazikika - ulusi wowoneka bwino wopanga dongosolo la zigzag. Ichi ndi gawo lodziwika bwino pa maukonde ambiri a kangaude wazambiri. Zingwe za kukhazikika zimakhala ziwiri, zimasiyana mosiyana ndi zigzag ndipo zimayang'anana moyang'anizana, kupatuka pakati pa netiweki.
Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala pakatikati pa netiweki, miyendo imatambasulidwa, pomwe miyendo ya awiriawiri ndi yachiwiri, komanso yachitatu ndi yachinayi, imapangidwa pamodzi kuti kangaudeyu akufanana ndi chilembo X.
Amadyera ku orthoptera ndi tizilombo tina tambiri.
Matani amapezeka mukangotha kusungunuka, kusanachitike kusasamba kwa mkazi, pomwe mawonekedwe ake a chelicea amakhalabe ofewa. Yaikazi imayikira mazira mu coco chachikulu, chomwe chili pafupi ndi ukonde wausodzi. Coco amatetezedwa ndi mkazi ndipo amawoneka ngati bokosi la mbewu. Akangaude amasiyira coco kumapeto kwa Ogasiti - kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala ndipo amabalalika mlengalenga pogwiritsa ntchito ma cobwebs.
Zina zambiri
Kangaude wakuda wachikasu adatchulidwa pambuyo pa katswiri wodziwika bwino wolemba zinyama ku Danish waku Denmark Morten Brunnich. Cephalothorax ndi m'mimba mwa nyamayi ndizolumikizidwa ndi septum yopyapyala ndipo ndiyothandiza kwambiri. Kutalika kwa thupi la kangaude kumafikira 2,5 cm, akafika pa akazi. Amuna samapitirira 1 cm kutalika.
Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa oimira akazi kapena amuna. Akazi nthawi zonse amapitilira muyeso wa amuna, mimba yawo ndi yozungulira komanso yodutsa. Amuna, thupi limakhala loti limapitilizidwa popanda mutu wowonekera bwino komanso m'mimba.
Arthropod idalandira dzina lake losasiyanitsa ndikufanizira ndi tizilombo todziwika chifukwa cha mikwingwirima yopingasa kumbuyo kwake. Mtundu wa mikwingwiroyi ndi wakuda, ndipo umapezeka pazithunzi zachikasu, zomwe zimatsimikizira kufanana. Miyendo ya nyamayo ndi yopepuka muutoto ndipo ili ndi nsonga zakuda. Yaikazi nthawi zonse imawoneka yowala kuposa yamphongo.
Muvidiyoyi muphunzira za kangaude wa maula:
Munthu amathanso kusiyanitsa champhongo ndi kukhalapo kwa magulu 2-3, omwe siowala kwambiri ndipo amakhala pamtunda wachikaso. Awa ndi azimayi omwe amatchedwa kuti kangaude, popeza champhongo chimakhala chofanana kwambiri ndi tizilombo.
Habitat
Kangaude wa argiope ndi nyama wamba. Itha kupezeka m'maiko ambiri North ndi South Africa, America, Korea ndi China. Argiope Brunnichus amapezeka ku Indonesia ndi Central Asia. Kumwera ndi Central Europe, Crimea, Kazakhstan alinso olemera mwa mitundu iyi ya arachnids.
Mutha kukumana ndi kangaude m'maiko a CIS kokha kum'mwera
Ma Arthropod ndi odabwitsa ku Russia komanso kum'mawa kwa Ukraine. Amakonda nyengo yofunda ndipo samalekerera kuzizira, chifukwa chake m'dera lathu lomwe kuli chinyezi komanso nyengo yozizira kumakhalapo, ndizosowa kwambiri.
Kangaudeyu amakonda kukhala nthawi yambiri padzuwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake malo ake omwe amakonda kwambiri amakhala ndi mapando otseguka, kapinga ndi malo amisewu yayikulu. Nyama imakonda kuyika masamba pa mitengo yotsika yomwe imakula makamaka m'malo ovuta.
Chochititsa chidwi ndi nyama yomwe ili ndi mikwingwirima ndikuti, chifukwa cha intaneti yake yayitali komanso yolimba, imatha kuyenda pamtunda wawutali kwambiri ndikusintha mosavuta pazatsopano. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yakum'mwera imatha kupezeka m'malo omwe kumatentha kwambiri.
Mawonekedwe amoyo
Arthropod wakuda ndi wachikasu sakonda kusungulumwa, chifukwa chake, amakhazikika ndi abale ake apamtundu m'magulu a anthu 15-20. Izi zimawathandiza kusaka nyama limodzi komanso kulera ana. Mkazi wamkulu pakachilomboka akasankha malo oti akhazikike, kuluka kumayamba ma capubs kuti agwire tizilombo.
Chofunika cha kusaka kangaude ndikudikirira kuti nyama zibwere
Woyimira aliyense pagululo pafupifupi mphindi 60 amakhala ndi intaneti yokwanira, yokhala ndi mphamvu komanso mawonekedwe abwino. Chofunikira chake ndikuti ngakhale dzenje laling'ono silingaphonye nyama yomwe idagunda kale netiweki.
Tsamba limadziwikanso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso masanjidwe. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, anthu amawulunga m'magawo angapo kuti awoneke bwino. Kuwala kumakopa tizilombo ta mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kupatsa njuchiwo chakudya chambiri. Kuluka nthawi zambiri kumayamba dzuwa litalowa.
Njira imeneyi ikasokonekera, arthropod imasiya ntchito, imathamangira kukaphimba ndipo pambuyo pake kuzimiririka ikuyamba kuluka kwina. Ntchito ikatha, nyamayo imayikidwa pakati pakuluka ndipo imadikirira nyama, ikangokhala osayenda osataya kwa maola angapo.
Chakudya cha Spider
Kangaude wamtopola amakonda kudya ziwala, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dzombe, ndipo zakudya zake zimaphatikizanso udzudzu, ntchentche ndi tizilombo tina wamba. Ndipo alowa mu ukonde, nyama ikayamba mwambo wawo kudya, zomwe sizingafanane ndi zovuta za akangaude ena:
- Ngati ilowa mu ukonde, kachilomboka amayesa kudzimasula.
- Pofuna kuti nyama isadutse ukonde, ndiye kuti imaluma. Pakulumwa, poizoni wa arthropod ndi michere yokumba imalowetsa tizilombo.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma enzymes m'thupi la wogwidwayo kumayendetsa njira yopukusa viscera mkati mwake.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mawonekedwe achilendo komanso osanjikiza angapo pawebusayiti amalola kuti arthropod isasiyidwe yopanda chakudya, chifukwa imakopa tizilombo tambiri masana. Monga lamulo, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono titapakidwa pa intaneti, nyamayi imachoka pamalopo ndikulira yatsopano. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti musawopsyeze omwe angakuchititseni mwayi kuchokera pamaneti abwino.
Kusindikizidwa kwa Argiope
Kutalika kwa nthawi yamtunduwu wa arthropod ndi miyezi pafupifupi 12. Matani amapezeka pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa kusungunula, komwe imamudziwa mtsogolo. Njira yonse ndi motere:
- Wamphongo amayembekeza nthawi yakukhwima pafupi ndi malo owomba intaneti, nthawi zambiri m'mphepete mwake.
- Pambuyo poyambira kusungunuka, mating'i amachitika, omwe amathera pomwe mkazi amadya wamwamuna.
Njira yodyira wamwamuna ndi wamkazi pambuyo pa kukhwima ikufanana ndi mtundu wa kuswana mwa akazi amasiye akuda
Akadya mnzake, wamkazi amavala chokoleti kuchokera pa intaneti, chomwe chimasungirako ana obwera mtsogolo. Monga lamulo, nthawi imodzi amadzikira mazira mazana angapo omwe ali mu coceko asanachitike. Amayi amasamalira ana mwakhama ndipo amamusiya akangoopsezedwa.
M'nyengo yozizira, mkazi amafakoma coco amakhalabe, ndipo kakathengo kasupe amawoneka. Pambuyo pake, anawo amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi yonse yamoyoyo imayamba. Ngati mazira adayikidwa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, ndiye kuti mbewu imatha kuwaswa kale koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira. Spider inafalikira mothandizidwa ndi mphepo, yomwe imasunthira ma cobwebs m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Maonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Tizilomboti ndi vya kangaude. Kodi amadziwika ndi chiyani? Kuti awagwire, amapangira ukonde wausodzi wokulirapo, wozungulira wozungulira ndi pakati.
Agriope Brunnich
Ili pakati imawoneka bwino m'mbali mwa ma ray a ultraviolet, motero imawoneka bwino ndi tizilombo tambiri. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timamuwona akutali, osayang'ana komwe akukwera ndikugwera pawebusayiti.
Mawonekedwe awo amafanana kwambiri ndi mbidzi kapena mavu Agriopa amatchedwa kangaude. Thupi la kangaude limakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yachikasu. Izi zimagwira kwa akazi okha.
Akuluakulu amuna nondescript kwathunthu ndipo palibe zosiyana, nthawi zambiri zopepuka beige. Zingwe ziwiri zamaso amdima sizitha kuwoneka pa thupi lake. Adalengeza dimorphism pakati pa amuna ndi akazi pamilandu iyi pamaso. Kutalika kwa chikazi kumayambira 15 mpaka 30 mm. Wamphongo wake ndiocheperako katatu.
Nthawi zina mumatha kumva momwe amatchedwanso tiger, mavu a mavu. Mayina onse amaperekedwa ndi ma arachnids awa chifukwa cha mitundu. Amawoneka bwino kwambiri pamasamba a chomera.
Agriope anakopa
Mutu wa kangaude ndi wakuda. Munthawi yonse ya cephalothorax, tsitsi lalitali lamaphulusa limawonedwa. Miyendo ya akazi ndi yayitali yakuda yokhala ndimawu achikasu. Mokwanira, akangaude ali ndi miyendo 6, yomwe 4 imagwiritsa ntchito kusuntha, awiri kuti agwire wozunzidwayo, ndi gulu lina kukhudza chilichonse mozungulira.
Kuchokera pazida zopumira za kangaude, mapapu ndi ma tracheas amatha kusiyanitsidwa. Agriope wakuda ndi wachikaso - Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa akangaude ambiri. Kugawidwa kwawo kukuwonekera m'malo ambiri - adalowa m'maiko aku North Africa, Asia Minor ndi Central Asia, India, China, Korea, Japan, USA, zigawo zina za Russia, ndi Caucasus.
Kusuntha kwa akangaude m'magawo atsopano kwawonedwa posachedwa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo. Malo omwe mumakonda Agriopes Brunnichi kwambiri. Amakonda malo otseguka, osagawanika, minda, kapinga, misewu, m'mbali ndi nkhalango.
Pofuna kusaka kangaude, muyenera kukonzekera maukonde anu osaka. Amachita izi pa mbewu zazitali kwambiri. Zida zawo za kangaude zimatha kutenga mafunde amlengalenga mpaka patali kotero kuti sizovuta kuti kangaude aziyenda mtunda wokwanira nawo.
Chifukwa chake, anthu akum'mwera amasamukira kumagawo akumpoto. Ndibwino kupereka msonkho pawebusayiti ya Agriope. Pankhaniyi, kangaude ndi wangwiro. Mapangidwe awiri amawonekera mu intaneti, akusokera kuchokera pakati ndikupezeka moyang'anana. Kupatula kwakeko ndi msampha weniweni kwa omwe amazunzidwa ndi kangaude.
Akangaude angapangitse kukongola koteroko chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilendo a miyendo, pamapeto pake pomwe pali ziboda zitatu zosavuta zokhala ndi mabatani am'mimba ndi mawonekedwe apadera okhala ngati kangaude, kamene kamayala m'njira zowoneka bwino pa intaneti.
Ngati mukuyang'ana chithunzi Agriope lobata mutha kuzindikira mzimayiyo, osati kokha ndi mtundu wake wapadera, komanso chifukwa choti nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa tsamba, nthawi zambiri mozama, akufanana ndi chilembo "X".
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Kuluka ukonde wake, kangaude Agriope Lobata kwenikweni amasankha nthawi yamadzulo. Nthawi zambiri zimamutengera pafupifupi ola limodzi kuti achite izi. Nthawi zambiri, ukadaulo wake umatha kuwoneka pakati pa mbeu pafupi 30 cm kuchokera padziko lapansi. Arachnid uyu amadziwa bwino kuopsa kwake. Poterepa, kangaudeyu amasiya zipatso za ntchito zake ndi kubisala pansi mwakuuluka.
Spider nthawi zambiri amapanga magulu aang'ono momwe mulibe anthu 20. Ukonde wawo ukhoza kumangidwa ndi mbewu zingapo mzere. Malingaliro oterowo amakuthandizani kuti mugwire wotsimikizika. Kukongoletsa kwa ulusi waukulu kumawonedwa pamitengo. Ma cell a network ndi ochepa kwambiri, amasiyana ndi kukongola kwa maperekawo, makamaka, izi ndizofanana ndi njira zonse.
Kangaudeyu amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake yonse yopanda ukadaulo wa intaneti, kapena kuyembekezera womenyedwayo. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pakatikati pa msampha wa cobweb wawo kapena kumunsi kwake. Maola a m'mawa ndi madzulo, komanso nthawi yamadzulo, ikukhala nthawi yopumula iyi ya arachnid. Anali waulesi komanso wosagwira ntchito nthawi imeneyo.
Nthawi zambiri anthu amadabwa - Kodi kangaude wa Agriope ndi woopsa kapena ayi? Yankho limamveka kuti inde. Monga ma arachnids ambiri Agriope ndi poizoni. Kwa zinthu zambiri zamoyo, kuluma kwake kumatha kupha.
Ponena za anthu, imfa pambuyo kuluma wa munthu Agriope mchitidwe sunawonedwe. M'malo mwake, arachnid amatha kuluma, makamaka wamkazi. Koma poizoni wake kwa anthu alibe mphamvu kwambiri.
Patsamba lamalowo, pamakhala redness ndi kutupa; nthawi zina, malowa amatha kuzimiririka. Pakupita maola angapo, ululu umachepa, ndipo chotupacho chimazimiririka patatha masiku angapo. Kangaude ndi wowopsa kwa anthu omwe akudwala chifukwa cha kulumidwa ndi tizilombo.
Mwambiri, ichi ndi cholengedwa chodekha komanso chamtendere, ngati sichinakhudzidwe. Zawoneka kuti zazikazi sizimaluma zikakhala pa intaneti. Koma, ngati muwatenga m'manja, ndiye kuti akhoza kuluma.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya kangaude uyu. Zambiri mwa izo zimatha kuwoneka m'mabwalo amtunda. Mwachitsanzo, ndizotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu omwe amazolowera kubereka nyama zakunyumba. Agriope anakopa kapena Agriope lobata.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Nthawi yakukhwima mu akangaude imayamba pakati pa chilimwe. Kuyambira pano, kuyendayenda kwa akangaude posaka mkazi kumayamba. Nthawi zambiri amalowa mchipinda chochezera, kuyesera kubisala. Nyengo ya kuswana ndi ngozi yowonjezereka kwa amuna, omwe amatha kutaya miyendo yawo ngakhale moyo.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti ukali wa mkazi umakulanso pambuyo pakukhwima. Izi sizikuwoneka mumitundu yonse ya Agriope. Pakati pawo pali omwe amakhala ndi wina ndi mnzake mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku awo.
Patatha mwezi umodzi atachira, mkaziyo amaikira mazira, kuwapangira coco chofiirira. Maonekedwe a akangaude achichepere amawonedwa kumapeto kwamasika. Yaikazi imamwalira pambuyo poonekera kwa mbewu.
Kuchokera pamwambapa, zikuyenera kuti Agriopa sakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu kwa munthu, sayenera kuwonongedwa pamisonkhano. Komanso, musadandaule komanso kuda nkhawa kuti tsamba lawonongeka lawonongedwa mwangozi. Ma arachnids awa amatha kupanga mwaluso kwambiri mu ola limodzi, kapena kuchepera.
Zakudya za Agriope
Nthawi zambiri, ziwala, ntchentche, udzudzu zimavutika ndi masipanga omwe amakhala kutali ndi pansi. Komabe, ziribe kanthu kuti kachilombo komwe kakugwera mumsampha, kangaudeyu amasangalala nako. Mlendo akangomenya ulusi wa silika ndikuwatsatira. argiope amamuyandikira ndikuwulutsa poyizoni. Pambuyo pa mphamvuyo, kachiromboka kakuleka kukana, kangaudeyo amakufewetsa ndi kachulukidwe kankhuni kenaka ndikudya nthawi yomweyo.
Kangaude argiope lobata kuchita nawo misampha nthawi zambiri madzulo. Ntchito yonse imamutengera ola limodzi. Zotsatira zake ndi tsamba lalikulu lozungulira, pakati pomwe pali bata (zigzag, lomwe limakhala ndi ulusi wowoneka bwino).
Ichi ndichizindikiro cha pafupifupi mayendedwe onse, koma dambo likuwonekeranso pano - maukonde ake amakongoletsedwa chifukwa chokhazikika. Amayamba pakati pa msampha ndikuyenda m'mphepete mwake.
Mukamaliza kugwira ntchito, kangaude imakhala pakati, ndikukonzekeretsa miyendo yake m'njira yoyenera - miyendo iwiri yakumanzere ndi iwiri yakutsogolo, komanso miyendo iwiri yakumanzere ndi iwiri yakumanzere kwambiri kuti muthe kutenga kachilombo kuchokera kutali kuti chilembo X chikulendewera. Chakudya cha Brynnichi argiope ndi Orthoptera, koma kangaudeyu samanyalanyaza china chilichonse.
Mu chithunzichi, intaneti ya argiopes yokhazikika
Kukhazikika kwa zigzag kumawonetsa kuwala kounikira, mwakutero kuthyola omwe akuvutitsidwa ndi kangaudeyo. Chakudyacho pawokha chimachitika kale pamtunda, pomwe kangaudeyo amatsikira, ndikusiya ukonde, kuti azikadya pobisalira, popanda owonera osafunikira.
Kodi kangaude ndi chiyani?
Chifukwa cha mtundu wake, kangaude wa argiope ali ndi mayina monga:
Komabe, dzina lake lachilengedwe limatchedwa "Argiope Bruennich", pomwe kangaude adalandira polemekeza Dane pansi pa dzina la Morten Trane Brunnich, yemwe amakhala m'zaka za zana la chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndipo nthawi ina anali wasayansi wotchuka kwambiri pankhani ya zoology ndi mineralogy.
Kuti muyambe, taganizirani za momwe argiope amawonekera pachithunzichi.
Makhalidwe azachilengedwe
Mu chilankhulo chovomerezeka, argiope ndi banja la akangaude ozungulira. Banja ili limadziwika ndi kupanga ukonde wozungulira wowombelera womwe umatanthauzira ngati kubowola pakati. Gawo ili laintaneti likuwoneka bwino pamiyala ya ultraviolet, yomwe imatha kusiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo tambiri, chifukwa chake kukhazikika kumawoneka bwino kuzilombo zosiyanasiyana ndi nsikidzi.
Thandizo! Kukhazikika - ulusi wa intaneti wopanga dongosolo la zigzag.
Mawonekedwe
Malinga ndi malongosoledwe, kangaude wa argi ndi wofanana ndi mavu kapena mbidzi. Pa thupi la arthropod, kusintha kwa mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yachikaso kumawonetsedwa bwino, komabe, izi ndizopezeka kwa akazi okha. Amuna amtunduwu ndi ang'ono komanso nondescript.
Mu akangaude a argiope wa Brunnich, kutchulidwa kochulukira kumawonedwa. Yaikazi imakhala ndi kukula kwa mamilimita 15-30, pomwe yamphongo yamphongo imafikira theka la sentimita.
Moyo
Dera wamba la argiop limakhala m'nkhalango kapena mitengo. Kumene kuli zaka zazikuluzikulu za omwe angathe kuzunzidwa. Kukula kwa malo amodzi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kangaude awiri.
Kangaude wamtambo wachikasu amathira ukonde wake nthawi yamadzulo. Sathera ola limodzi pakupanga msampha wake. Tsambalo litakulungidwa, mwini wake amaikidwa pakati pa netiweki ndipo, atatenga mawonekedwe a "X", akuyembekeza kuti azunzidwa.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kulumikizana kwa ma argiopes ndikokongola kwambiri, kumasiyanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi maselo ang'onoang'ono omwe ngakhale udzudzu wocheperako sungathe kudutsamo.
Kodi ma argiopes amaluma?
Pali gulu laanthu lomwe likuyenera kuyika manja awo kwinakwake: mu anthill, mng'oma wa njuchi kapena chisa cha nyanga. Ngwazi zofunikazi sizifunsa mafunso ngati nthumwi zina zikuluma, zimatha kumva chilichonse pakhungu lawo.
Kwa ena onse, tikukudziwitsani kuti ngati muika dzanja lanu mu intaneti, mwadala kapena mwangozi, kangaudeyu adzayankha nthawi yomweyo ndikuluma. Kulumidwa kwa argiope kumakhala kowawa kwambiri ndikuyerekeza njuchi kapena lipenga. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kangaudeyu amakhala ndi nsagwada zolimba, ndipo amatha kuzikika mwamphamvu pansi pa khungu. Kuphatikiza apo, musaiwale za poizoni wake.
Anthu ambiri amafunsa ngati arunopu wa Brunnich ndiwonyansa kapena ayi. Zachidziwikire poizoni, chifukwa ndi poizoni wake amapha omwe akuvutika. Chinanso ndi chakuti nthawi zambiri kwa anthu poizoniyu siowopsa.
Zotsatira za kangaude wosasamala pazomwe zimachitika zingakhale zosiyana. Achikulire ambiri amakhala ndi khungu lotupa pang'ono kuzungulira malo owuma, lomwe limasowa patatha ola limodzi kapena awiri ndipo silikumayamwa. Nthawi zina, redness ndi kutupa zimatha kumatha patangotha tsiku limodzi, ndipo tsamba lolumiralo ndilabwino kwambiri.
China chake ndi chakuti kangaude waluma mwana kapena munthu yemwe wayamba kudana ndi ululu wa kangaude kapena kuluma. Pankhaniyi, pamatha kukhala zizindikiro zowopsa:
- kufinya kwakakuluma,
- kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa thupi mpaka madigiri 40-41,
- nseru,
- chizungulire.
Potere, mwachidziwikire, muyenera kusokoneza mayendedwe ake nthawi yomweyo ndikulumikizana ndi chipatala chamankhwala chapafupi kapena cholowa mwadzidzidzi, komwe munthuyu adzapatsidwe chithandizo chamankhwala chodzidzimutsa.
Yang'anani! Kuyankha kwa thupi kuluma kungakhale kosayembekezereka. Musakhale osasamala pokhudzana ndi thanzi lanu.
Kuyambitsa vidiyo ya momwe kangaude wa argi amamwa Pakati pa tsamba, kukhazikika kumawoneka bwino:
Argiope - kangaude wakuda ndi wachikaso
M'magawo osiyanasiyana panali mayina monga "kangaude", "kangaude" komanso "kangaude".
Spider argiope - amodzi mwa ma arthropod okongola kwambiri omwe amapezeka m'mitunda yathu. Ponena za kukopa, ndizofanana ndi izo, kupatula kuti kangaude wa ladybug, koma chomalizacho ndi mitundu yosowa, koma argiope amakhala kulikonse.
Komabe, monga zimakonda kuchitikira, sindidakumana naye koyamba pafupi ndi nyumbayo, koma kutali kwambiri kudera la Voronezh munthawi yovuta kwambiri: kangaude wazipatso adandiwonekera pamaso panga mu mivi yake yonse yakuda ndi yachikaso nditakokera njinga yanga pamalo otsetsereka pafupi ndi mtsinje Don Mtsinje. Zachidziwikire, njinga idasiyidwa pomwepo, ndipo kamera idatengedwa, koma chowombelera chowonetseratu sichidagwira: panali madzulo, ndipo apaulendo anzawo anali achangu, kotero apa:
Adabwerera kunyumba onyadira. Ndikuganiza, akuti, chiyani osowa ndi wapadera Ndidagwira kangaude ndikujambula. Ndipo kenako zidapezeka kuti wachiwiri aliyense wa abwenzi anga adawona akangaude otere, ndipo zaka zingapo zapitazo amalume anga (m'munda wathu!) Adakhala mokhala bata pachithaphwi pachilimwe chonse!
Eya, mawu okwanira, tiyeni tidziwe zowona ...
Kangaude wakuda ndi wachikaso kapena kangaude: momwe amawonekera, ngati kuluma kwawo kuli ndi poyizoni, thandizo loyamba
Akangaude ndi zolengedwa zoopsa, makamaka kwa anthu akuda ndi achikaso achikuda. Ngati kangaude wa bulauni ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino komanso maonekedwe ake sabweretsa mantha ambiri, koma ma arthropod okhala ndi mikwaso yachikasu ndi yakuda pamimba pawo amatha kudabwa ndikuyang'ana ngati izi zikuyimira nyama.
Aliyense amadziwa za kangaude wokongola, zomwe amadya komanso ngati angathe kuvulaza, koma izi sizisintha mfundo yoti adzakumana ndi mawonekedwe owala, aliyense angathe.
Kangaude siachilendo m'dera lathu ndipo ndikwabwino kudziwa zomwe zili mu arthropod pasadakhale kuti mukukonzekera komanso kuti mumvetse momwe mungayankhire pamsonkhano nawo.
Kangaude wakuda ndi wachikaso kapena kangaude - malongosoledwe
Mitundu ya Argiope imakhala ndi mitundu 80, yomwe imadziwika ndi mtundu wakuda ndi wachikaso, ndi am'banja la kangaude wowzungulira. Ku Russia, sizigwira ntchito kukumana ndi mitundu yonseyi, koma Argiope Brunnich nthawi zambiri amagwira anthu aku Russia.
Wamphongo wa kangaude wamtunduwu amafika kutalika kwa 2.5-3 cm, ngati muwerenga miyendo. Akazi amakhala ndi magawo akuluakulu, nthawi zonse amakhala ochulukirapo kuposa amuna 4-5. Cephalothorax ya Agriopa imakutidwa ndi tsitsi lakuda, lalifupi,
Nyamayi imawoneka ngati mavu amautoto ndipo imakhala ndi m'mimba, chifukwa patali ndiyotheka kuwasokoneza. Ma spider ali ndi miyendo yotalika ndi mabandeji amdima.
Makhalidwe awa amatsimikiziridwa ndi Agriop:
- Utoto wam'mimba mu kangaude umakhala ndi zingwe zachikaso ndi zofiirira zomwe zimasinthana. Akangaude oterewa amawonedwa ngati zilombo zomwe zimalepheretsa ozunzidwa mothandizidwa ndi poizoni.
- Tsamba lomwe ma arthropods amaluka limadziwika chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwa ma radial, omwe amamuyimira amtunduwu amaluka pakona kuti wothayo asathawe.
- Akakhwima, wamkazi amadya mnzake.
Kodi amakhala kuti?
Mutha kukumana ndi kangaude wowoneka bwino kwambiri pamtunda wakuda ndi wopondera, popeza nyama zomwe zimakonda kwambiri zimakonda kutentha. Ngakhale posachedwapa, kumadera ena a Russia, amayenera kuphunzira kuzika mizu, mutha kuwona kangaude wazikululo.
Nyamayi imakonda kukhazikika m'malo obisalamo udzu kapena patra patali yomwe imapezeka m'malo opaka bwino komanso opaka maluwa.
Kodi argiopes amaluma liti?
Ngakhale kangaudeyu ndi woopsa kwambiri, kuvulaza anthu sikochepa. Anthu akuchita mantha ndi agriopu, chifukwa ma arthropod amawona ngozi mwa munthu. Ndipo khungu laumunthu la akangaude otere ndilakhungu kwambiri ndipo sangakulume. Mwinanso, akakumana ndi nyama yolusa, amatha kuthawa kapena kumayerekezera kuti anamwalira kalekale.
Koma, mukakhudza nyamayo ndi manja anu, iluma, yomwe idzakupweteketsani.
Kutopa ndi kuwongolera tizilombo?
M'dzikomo kapena mu nyumba za agogo, mbewa kapena tizirombo tina tawonongeka? Muyenera kulimbana nawo! Amanyamula matenda oopsa: salmonellosis, matenda a chiwewe.
Anthu ambiri okhala chilimwe akukumana ndi tizirombo timene timawononga mbewuyi ndikuwononga mbewuzo.
Zikatero, owerenga athu amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zatsopano - the Pest Reject repeller.
Ili ndi zinthu izi:
- Imathandizanso udzudzu, maphemwe, makoswe, nyerere, nsikidzi
- Otetezeka kwa ana ndi ziweto
- Kuchepetsa mphamvu, kusinthanso kumafunikira
- Palibe zochita zowononga tizirombo
- Dera lalikulu la chipangizocho
Choyamba thandizo kuluma
Ngati kangaudeyu ukulumirabe, mantha alibe phindu, koma kungokhala osavulazidwa kungapwetekenso.
Malangizo pokhudzana ndi kuluma:
- Choyambirira kuchita ndi kupha ululu pamalopo. Pukutani m'deralo ndi ubweya wa thonje. Ngati palibe mowa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yankho ndi sopo kapena kutsuka malo ofunikira bwino ndi sopo ochapira.
- Mutha kupanga compress ndikuyika kena kozizira pakuluma, mwamphamvu gwiritsitsani chidutswa cha ayezi pamalo owonongeka.
- Ngati ndi kotheka, ndibwino kuti wozunzidwayo am'mize antihistamine yomweyo.
- Wodandaula ayenera kumwa madzi ambiri.
Wodwala akakhala ndi vuto losafunikira, muyenera kuyimbira ambulansi nthawi yomweyo.
Ndikwabwino kusunga argiope belnichia mu malo apadera, okhala ndi mainchesi 20x30 ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 20. Chophimba chanyumba choterocho chimayenera kukhala chopunthira, kuti nyama yomwe idagwirayo ikhale ndi kupuma.
Gawo lodzaza likhoza kukhala lapansi wamba kapena filonut wapadera wa coconut wa arachnids. Kuti muzitha kukonza kanyumba ka kangaude, mutha kuyika nthambi za mpesa zowuma mkati mwa terata kuti kangaude azitha kuluka.
Kangaude wa mavu amafunikira kupatsidwa kutentha ndi chipinda komanso chinyezi chochepa, popeza zochulukirapo zimatha kumupha. Nyamayi imadyetsedwa katatu pa tsiku, makamaka m'mawa kapena madzulo. Monga chakudya cha "chiweto" ndibwino kusankha chakudya chapadera kuchokera ku malo ogulitsa nyama iliyonse, ndibwino kukana tizilombo wamba.
Mu terrarium, muyenera kuyika chidebe chaching'ono ndi madzi, chimatha kukhala chivindikiro wamba ndi botolo la pulasitiki. Sabata lililonse, filler yapamwamba imayenera kusinthidwa, monga woimira arthropod amakonda ukhondo.
Zowopsa kwa anthu
Malinga ndi asayansi, poizoni yemwe amasungidwa ndi kangaude pakuluma sikungavulaze munthu. Imagwira ngati njira yoteteza ndipo imakhala yoopsa kwa tizilombo tomwe timasakidwa ndi argiope Brunnich.
Kuluma kwa kangaudeyu si owopsa pamoyo, koma kumabweretsa kupweteka kwa nthawi yayitali
Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti arthropodyo sadzaluma munthu amene mwadala kapena mwangozi amayesera kuti ainyamule ndi kuwononga intaneti. Kuluma kumafaniziridwa ndi nyanga ndi mtundu wa ululu chifukwa cha nsagwada zamphamvu za arachnid ndi kuyamwa kwa poyizoni pansi pa khungu la munthu. Nthawi zambiri, ululuwo umazimiririka mumaora awiri ndi awiri.
Pamalo pomwe pali kuluma, pamakhala malo owuma. Zomwe thupi limachita zimadalira kutengera kwake kwatsoka ndi mkhalidwe wa chitetezo chamthupi. Zoyipa kwambiri ndizoti kuluma kwa anthu kudana ndi poizoni., komanso kwa ana aang'ono omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chochepa.
Kangaude sikungaphe munthu, koma ngati kuyamwa kwambiri, kuwotcha, kutupa ndi vuto la malo ena kumachitika, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi katswiri. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati chizungulire, kufooka, nseru, kapena kuchepa kwambiri kwa magazi kukalowa nawo.
Argiope Brunnich - arachnid wokhala ndi mtundu ndi moyo wapadera. Ngati mungakhale patali ndi maukonde ake ndipo osayesa kuvulaza, kangaudeyu siowopsa pamoyo wa munthu komanso thanzi.