Makonde (lat. Corydoras) ndi mtundu wa nsomba zam'madzi zatsopano kuchokera ku banja la Callichthyidae. Dzinalo ndiwotchedwa catfish, yomwe adalandira mizere iwiri yamapfupa omwe amayenda mthupi.
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwamtundu wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa nsomba zam'madzi za aquarium, mumakhala mitundu yambiri, yambiri yomwe imakhala m'mizinda yam'madzi yotchedwa amateur.
Kuchokera munkhaniyi mupeza komwe makonde amakhala, kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya nyama, momwe angazisungire mu malo osungirako zinyama, momwe angadyetsere, komanso omwe oyandikana nawo angasankhe.
Kukhala mwachilengedwe
Mawu akuti Corydoras amachokera ku mawu achi Greek akuti kory (chisoti) ndi doras (khungu). Makonde ndiwo mtundu waukulu kwambiri pakati pa nsomba zam'madzi, zimaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 160.
Palibe mtundu wodalirika wa mitunduyi. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zina m'mbuyomu zinali zamtundu wina, ndipo masiku ano amazisamutsa m'makola. Zinachitika ndi genus Brochis.
Makonde amakhala ku South America, komwe amapezeka kum'mawa kwa Andes kupita kugombe la Atlantic, kuyambira Trinidad mpaka Rio de la Plata kumpoto kwa Argentina. Osangokhala ku Panama.
Nthawi zambiri, makonde amakhala m'mitsinje yaying'ono, m'milandu, m'malo otsetsereka ndi m'madziwe a South America. Awa ndi malo okhala ndi phokoso (koma osakhala ndi madzi osayenda), madziwo amakhala amatope kwambiri, ndipo kuya kwake ndi kochepa. Magombewa amaphimbidwa ndi masamba owuma, ndipo zomeranso zam'madzi zimamera m'madzi.
Mitundu yambiri yamakhonde imakhala pansi, ikuyenda mumiyala, mchenga kapena silika. Amakhala m'malo osungiramo magawo osiyanasiyana, koma amakonda madzi ofewa, osalowerera kapena a acidic pang'ono. Mavuto amtundu wamadzi ndi madigiri 5-10.
Amatha kulekerera madzi amchere pang'ono (kupatula mitundu ina), koma samakhala m'malo omwe mitsinje imayenda munyanja.
Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'masukulu, omwe amatha kukhala mazana, ndipo nthawi zina nsomba zikwizikwi. Monga lamulo, sukulu imakhala ndi nsomba zamtundu umodzi, koma nthawi zina zimasakanikirana ndi zina.
Mosiyana ndi nsomba zambiri za mphaka, zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizosowa usiku, makonde amagwira ntchito masana.
Chakudya chawo chachikulu ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tokhala ndi mphutsi zomwe zimakhala pansi, komanso chomera. Ngakhale makoroni sanali scavenger, amatha kudya nsomba zakufa.
Njira yawo yodyetsera ndikusaka chakudya pansi ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndevu, kenako ndikuyamwa chakudyacho mkamwa, pomwe nthawi zambiri chimalowa pansi ndi maso.
Kusokonezeka kwa zinthu
Ziphuphu zakhala zikutchuka kwambiri m'madzi kuyambira pomwe zidalipo mpaka pano. Pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu, yambiri ndiyosavuta kusamalira, ndiyotsika mtengo, ndipo imagulitsidwa nthawi zonse. Ngakhale mayina aunyinji ndiosavuta kutchula.
Ngati mukufuna wamba aquarium - chonde mitundu yambiri yotchuka. Ngati mukufuna biotope ndi malingaliro ochepa - chisankho chidakali chokwanira.
Inde, pakati pawo pali mitundu yomwe ikufuna pazomwe zimamangidwa, koma ambiri aiwo ndi osazindikira.
Amakhala bwino m'malo otetezeka okhala ndi nsomba zamtendere kwambiri. Zipata ndizowopsa kwambiri, mwachilengedwe zimakhala m'matumba okha ndipo ziyenera kusungidwa mgulu.
Pafupifupi mitundu iliyonse, kuchuluka kwake kumachokera kwa anthu asanu ndi limodzi. Koma, kumbukirani kuti makatiriji ophatikizika kwambiri, amakhala osangalatsa ndi momwe amakhalira ndi chilengedwe.
Makonde ambiri amakonda madzi ofewa komanso wowawasa. Komabe, amatha kulekerera magawo osiyanasiyana, popeza atakhala nthawi yayitali komanso kupambana. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pamtunda wotsika kuposa nsomba zina zotentha. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa mitundu ina yomwe mwachilengedwe imakhala m'mitsinje yodyetsedwa ndi madzi oundana.
Amalekerera kwambiri nitrate okhutira m'madzi. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka ndi matenda a ndevu zawo tcheru, chifukwa chomwe izi zimatha kuzimiririka.
Masharubu amatcherekanso pansi. Ngati Aquarium ali ndi dothi lozungulira, dothi lokhala ndi m'mphepete lakuthwa, ndiye kuti masharubu azinsinsi amakhala ndi mabala. Zoyenera kusunga mchenga, koma mitundu ingapo ya nthaka ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, monga miyala yabwino.
Amakhala momasuka m'madzi am'madzi okhala ndi malo akulu pansi, mchenga ngati masamba pang'ono ndi masamba owuma mitengo. Umu ndi momwe amakhalira m'chilengedwe.
Nthawi zambiri makonde amakwera pamwamba pamadzi kuti apume mpweya ndipo izi sizikuyenera kukuwopsa. Izi zimachitika mwanjira iliyonse ndipo sizitanthauza kuti nsomba sizikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira wosungunuka m'madzi.
Kutalika kwawo mu aquarium kumayenera kulemekezedwa, C. aeneus akuti adakhala zaka 27 ali mu ukapolo, ndipo milandu yomwe makonde adakhala zaka 20 sizachilendo kwenikweni.
Kudyetsa
Amadya kuchokera pansi, pomwe amadzidyetsa kwambiri kuti adyetse. Ma pellets apadera a catfish amadya bwino, amakonda chakudya chamoyo komanso chozizira - tinthu, magazi a magazi.
Chokhacho choti muzidandaula nacho ndikupeza chakudya kwa iwo. Popeza nthawi zambiri nsomba zina zimakhala m'magulu amadzi, koma zinyenyeswazi zimatha kugwera pansi.
Maganizo olakwika ofunika kwambiri ndikuwopsa ndikuti nsomba zamtchire zimadyera zinyalala za nsomba zina, zimakhala zopanda mkaka. Izi siziri choncho. Makonde ndi nsomba zodzaza zomwe zimafuna zakudya zosiyanasiyana komanso zopatsa thanzi kuti munthu akhale ndi moyo komanso kukula.
Kugwirizana
Makola - Amtendere Wamtendere. Mu aquarium, amakhala mwakachetechete, osakhudza aliyense. Koma iwonso amatha kugwidwa ndi nsomba zodyera kapena zankhanza.
Dzikoli silikudziwika nawonso. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makola amatha kusambira mu gulu la nkhosa, makamaka ngati ikufanana mu utoto kapena kukula.
Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi
Amuna okhwima nthawi zonse amakhala ochepa kuposa akazi. Akazi amakhala ndi thupi lonse komanso wamimba yayikulu, makamaka akawonedwa kuchokera kumwamba. Monga lamulo, sizovuta kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna.
Poyang'ana pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono chabe pamadzaza mawu akuti mayiyo ndi osiyana ndi amphongo. Ngati mukufuna kubereketsa zapakhonde, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kupitiriza amuna awiri kapena atatu amuna. Koma ngati mumawasungira kuti azikongoletsa, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwake sikofunikira kwambiri.
Mitundu yotchuka ya makonde
Tsoka ilo, ndizosatheka kufotokoza mayendedwe onse. Pali ambiri a iwo, mitundu yatsopano imapezeka nthawi zonse kukagulitsidwa, ma hybrids amawoneka. Ngakhale gulu lawo mpaka pano likuyimira chisokonezo chonse.
Koma, pali mitundu ingapo ya makoritala omwe akhala akusungidwa bwino m'mizinda zaka zambiri.
Pansipa mupeza chithunzi chawo ndi mafotokozedwe achidule. Ngati mukusangalatsidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wamtunduwu, ndiye podina ulalo womwe mutha kuwerenga zambiri za iwo.
Khonde la Adolf
Imodzi mwamagetsi atsopano. Nsombazo adatchedwa dzina la atazipeza, Adolfo Schwartz, wodzigulitsa nsomba, wothokoza yemwe dziko lapansi lidaphunzira za nsomba.
Zikuwoneka kuti msewuwu ndiwopanda malire ndipo umapezeka m'mizinda ya Rio Negro, komwe kumakhala mumzinda wa San Gabriel da Cascueira, Brazil. Komabe, zolembedwa zina zimati mtunduwu umapezeka ku Rio Waupes, kazitape wamkulu wa Rio Negro. Pakadali pano, palibe zambiri zodalirika.
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Corridoras Venezuela Black
Maonekedwe enanso. Koma, mosiyana ndi Adolf corridor, msewu waku Venezuela ndi wakuda wosachokera. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, amakhala zachilengedwe, malinga ndi china - zotsatira za zoyeseza za asayansi achi Germany.
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Corridor Julie
Ili ndi dzina lake polemekeza munthu yemwe dzina lake silikudziwika. Malo omwe amakhala ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Brazil. Wobadwa m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya kum'mwera kwa Amazon Delta m'malo a Piaui, Maranhão, Para ndi Amapa.
Zambiri pazatsambali zimatsata ulalo.
Emerald brochis
Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina, malo akuluakulu. Ndiwofalikira kuposa mitundu ina ya makonde. Imapezeka kudera lonse la Amazon, ku Brazil, Peru, Ecuador ndi Colombia.
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Phula la Bronze
Chimodzi mwazodziwika ndi mitundu wamba. Pamodzi ndi nsomba zamawangamawanga, zitha kutengedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa oyambira m'madzi am'madzi. Koma mosiyana ndimawonekedwe owala kwambiri. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, Venezuela wakuda idachokera m'makola amkuwa.
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Phula Loyendayenda
Kapenanso nsomba zamawangamawanga. Yabwino kwambiri mu aquarium, kwa zaka zambiri imodzi mwa makonde odziwika ndi wamba ogulitsa. Tsopano ataya mitundu yatsopano ya mitundu, koma sanadzipatule komanso mosangalatsa. Chalangizidwa kwa oyamba kumene.
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Corridor panda
Maonekedwe wamba. Khola la panda limatchedwa panda wamkulu, yemwe ali ndi thupi lopepuka komanso ozungulira mozungulira m'maso, ndipo catfish imafanana ndi mtundu wake.
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Pygmy khonde
Chimodzi mwazing'ono kwambiri, ngati sichinali chaching'ono kwambiri mu aquarium. Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri, sinamangidwe pansi, koma mkati mwake. Zabwino kwa oyang'anira m'madzi ang'onoang'ono.
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Khonde la Shterba
Mtunduwu sunakhalepo wamba ndi ife, koma ukutchuka msanga. Mtundu wake ndi kukula kwake ndizofanana kwambiri ndi mtundu wina - Corydoras haraldschultzi, koma C. stbanai ali ndi mutu wakuda wokhala ndi mawanga owala, ndipo haraldschultzi ili ndi mutu wotuwa wokhala ndi malo amdima.
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Kufotokozera
Mphaka wamkaka, kapena nyemba za nkhono, kapena nsomba yam'madzi, kapena mtundu wamba wa nsomba: mtundu wa Corridoras (lat. Corydoras), banja la chipolopolo-catfish (lat. Callichthyidae). Ili ndi mitundu yoposa zana. Akazi ndi odekha komanso achangu kuposa amuna. Osayang'ana gawo lapansi, ma dianem okha, ma callichts ndi hoplosternums amamanga chisa chithovu. Nsomba zazing'ono zimasambira tsiku la 5-9. Nsomba yotchuka yam'madzi yotchedwa aquarium, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti nsomba zamtchire.
Kwawo - matupi amadzi am'mwera chakum'mawa kwa South America - chigwa cha La Plata. Kumbuyo ndi zipsepse zimakhala zofiirira zokhala ndi malo ambiri akuda, pamimba pake ndi utoto wonyezimira. Ziwiri ziwiri za anangula pamlomo wapamwamba. Yaikazi imakula mpaka masentimita 7, wamwamuna, nthawi zambiri imakhala yochepera 1-2cm kuposa akazi.
Khonde Lamadongosolo
Wamkazi wapamtunda wamtunda
Amuna, ndalama ya dorsal imakhala pachimake, yopingika patali; mwa akazi, ndalama ya dorsal imakhala yozungulira. Mphaka wamkaka - kusukulu, nsomba zamtendere, zomwe zimakhala ndi zochuluka mumdima, zimagwira ntchito masana. Amakhala zaka 6-8 (mpaka 15), amakula pofika chaka. Ali ndi mitundu ya Albino ndi chophimba.
Somiki corridorsors
Palibe chifukwa chakuti nsomba zam'madzi zonyamula mfutizi zizisungidwa m'madzi ofunda kwambiri. Kupanda kutero, ndizosapanga bwino kwambiri ndipo ndizoyenera nsomba zam'madzi zopanda chipinda chokhala ndi chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa 18-18 ° C.
Komabe, ma boti amphaka a nsomba zamawangamawanga amatha kusinthasintha ndi madigiri 26 ndi kupitirira pamenepo, apo ayi sizingatheke kuzisunga mu malo wamba okhala. Oimira ena mwa mitundu ina yotchuka, mwachitsanzo, catfish ya golide, kapena yosinthika, iyenera kusungidwa pamatenthedwe apamwamba kwambiri (pafupifupi 24-28 ° C).
Ndikothekanso kuyika makonde ang'ono-ang'ono mu aquarium yaying'ono, poyang'ana kuchuluka komwe madzi okwanira lita imodzi amagwera pa 1 cm imodzi ya kutalika kwa nsomba. Dothi ndiloyenereradi miyala yabwino kwambiri komanso mchenga wowuma. Malangizo oyendetsera a hydrochemical a madzi: kuuma kuchoka pa 5 mpaka 20 °, acidity (pH) kuchokera pa 6 mpaka 8. Catfish corridors nsomba pansi ndipo nthawi zina komanso pang'ono pang'ono amakwera kumtunda kuti akamize mpweya wamlengalenga kapena yesani chakudya chouma kuchokera kwa wodyetserayo.
Ngati ma corfish a corfish nthawi zambiri amadzuka kumbuyo kwa mlengalenga, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwonjezera kuthandizira mu aquarium. Ma coriki a Somiki amakhala moyo wawo wonse pansi, kotero mawonekedwe amadzimadzi ayenera kusankhidwa moyenera komwe njira yabwino ikhoza kukhala aquarium yokhala ndi malo akulu pansi.
Popeza mtundu uwu wa nsomba zamtunduwu umakonda kusambira pansi ndikuwonjezera madzi, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa zosefera zamagetsi mu aquarium. Kusintha kwamadzi kwa sabata ndi 25% ndikofunikanso. Ma chonde a Somik amakonda malo ogona komanso masamba omwe mizu yake imakonda kusambira ndikukhalamo paketi. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nsomba izi sizilekerera mchere wamchere, chifukwa ngati ma corfish a corfish adwala, ayenera kuthandizidwa posankha njira osagwiritsa ntchito mchere.
Momwe mungadyetsere ziphuphu
Ma pariki a Somiki ndi nsomba zabwino kwambiri ndipo samakana chakudya chanyama ndi chomera. Zakudyazi zimatha kuphatikiza mitundu yapadera yazakudya cham'madzi ochepa. Mankhwala othandizira azitsamba osiyanasiyana samasiyanitsidwa: semolina yonyowa, crumb ya mikate yoyera ndi mapiritsi a spirulina. Koma chakudya chokha chomwe chilimo ndi chomwe chilipo.
Ziphuphu za Catfish sizikuyenda mu mzere wamadzi, chifukwa chake, mitundu ya chakudya choyenda pansi: daphnia, cyclops, corvetre, etc. sizipezeka kwa iwo nthawi zonse kapena zidzayambitsa zochuluka. Koma mbali inayi, makola amtchire amagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri atagona pansi: wopanga chitoliro, wopanga magazi, enchitreus, auloforous ndi cholengedwa chowotcha.
Chidziwitso: Nthawi zambiri, kwa am'madzi ambiri am'madzi, ma corfish a corfish amakhutitsidwa ndi kungogwera pansi ndipo izi sizolakwika, chifukwa nsomba zam'munsi zimayenera kudyetsedwa padera.
Kubzala makola
A Aquarists amayanjana ndi kuswana kwa aquarium catfish ya corridors ndi mafuko awo mu banja la armored catfish (Callichthyidae), komanso nthumwi za genus Hoplosternum thoracatum, ndi kutsika kwa kutentha kwa 4-5 ° C powonjezerapo nthawi zina mpaka 30% madzi ozizira komanso kutsika kwambiri kwa redox angathe RH.
Chowalimbikitsachi chimakhala dontho la kuthamangitsidwa kwamlengalenga komwe kumachitika nthawi yamkuntho ndipo nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa mvula yamkuntho, mabingu, ndi zina zambiri. Maphunziro a milungu iwiri ya opanga, ophatikiza kudya bwino kwambiri, makamaka kwa nyama, ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kudyetsako kuyenera kukhala kokwanira kwambiri kotero kuti nsomba imakhala ndi kupuma kulikonse, kuyenda kulikonse kunam'peza.
Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusunga ukhondo, osalola akufa amoyo kudya kuti awononge madzi mu aquarium. Ndikofunikanso, monga momwe kungathekere, kusinthana ndi zakudya zomwe zimakonda kwambiri: red daphnia, enchitrea, cellworm, tubule ndipo, ndikofunikira kwambiri, ma worldworms. Kusintha kwamadzi nthawi ndi nthawi ndipo zosefera yogwira ntchito m'madzi muja imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.
Makhalidwe wamba
Ma Corridoras ndi oyimilira ochepa mtundu. Mosiyana ndi nsomba zina zamtchire, sizimakula kuposa masentimita 10, koma nthawi zambiri kukula kwawo kumayambira masentimita 3-7. Akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna. Nthawi zambiri anthu amtundu wamtundu wa azitona amapezeka.
M'malo mwa nsomba izi ndi malo osungirako ku South America, Uruguay, Paraguay ndi Brazil. Zimapezeka m'mitsinje yosiyanasiyana, popeza ma Corridoras amaimiridwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu ina imakonda madzi ofewa komanso abwino, pomwe ena amakhala m'malo oterera. Mwachilengedwe, ndi amphaka amtali kwambiri komanso olimba, chifukwa amatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri ngakhale kupulumuka chilala champhamvu.
Izi ndi nyama zodabwitsa. Ngakhale ndi kukula kwawo, amatha kudzisamalira okha. Mafupa a mafupa ali kumbuyo kwa nsomba zamtchire, chifukwa chomwe saopa kuukiridwa ndi anansi ankhanza.
Nsombazi zimakhala ndi mutu waukulu komanso mchira wosalala. Pakamwa pawo pamakhala pansipa, choncho amasankha zakudya zonse kuchokera pansi. Kuphatikiza apo, posaka chakudya, ali ndi masharubu omwe ali pafupi ndi kamwa. Chifukwa cha iye, amatha kukumba pansi mosavuta ndikupeza zotsalazo za chakudya.
Amuna ali ndi cholozera cholondola, ndipo chachikazi amakhala wozungulira. Komanso m'mbali zakuthwa zimakhala ndi zipsepse zamakutu. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kugwira ziweto izi poziika, osati ndi ukonde, koma ndi mtsuko. Kuti muchite izi, dzazani thankiyo ndi madzi, tsitsani pansi ndikutaya chakudya pamenepo. Corridoras wachidwi amasambira chakudya ndiye kuti muthaichotsa bwinobwino m'banki.
Nsomba imakhala ndi mitundu iwiri ya kupumira. Woyamba - kudzera m'matumbo, chachiwiri - m'mimba, pomwe chinyama chimagwira mpweya kuchokera pamwamba.
Nsomba Corridoras zikuchepa ndikuyenera kukhala mndende. Komabe, amafunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti azikhala bwino.Kukhala bwino kwa chiweto, kukula kwake, kuchuluka kwa moyo wawo, ndi zina zimadalira izi. Kusamalira moyenera kumaphatikizapo:
Aquarium. Kuchuluka kwake kumadalira kuchuluka kwa ziweto komanso anthu ena oyandikana nawo. Ngati mumangolimbana ndi nsomba zamatchi izi, ndiye muyenera kulingalira kuti zimakhala pafupi ndi pansi. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwa dera la thankiyo, ndikwabwino. Akatswiri odziwa ntchito zam'madzi amalimbikitsa kuyambira pamawerengero awa: kutalika kwamasentimita 20-25 aanthu onse popanda michira, pazikhala theka la mita ya pansi. Ngati mutanthauzira kukhala malo osungirako anthu, ndiye gulu la nsomba 4-8, ndikokwanira kugawa malita 50-70 (avareji ya malita 10 pamutu),
Kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna ndikosavuta -
Amuna ali ndi cholozera cholondola, ndipo chachikazi amakhala wozungulira.
Madzi. Som Corridoras ndi nthumwi yolimba kwambiri ya zinyama zam'madzi. Itha kupilira mosavuta pafupifupi magawo aliwonse, kotero imatha kusungidwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya nsomba. Kutentha ndikoyenera mkati mwa madigiri 20-29, kuuma - mpaka 18, acidity 5.8-7.8. Magawo oyenera ali motere: 20-26 ° C, 0-12 ° dH, 6.4-7.4 pH. Komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo oopsa (phosphates, nitrate, ammonia, etc.) ayenera kukhala ochepa. Ndiye kuti, ndizoyenera kuchita m'malo mwa sabata osachepera gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ziwerengerozi,
Kudulira. Ndikwabwino kusankha gawo laling'ono. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kusankha miyala kapena mchenga wabwino. Chofunikira chachikulu ndicho kusowa kwamphepete lakuthwa pamiyala, chifukwa nsomba izi zimakumba m'matimo nthawi zonse ndipo zimatha kuvulala. Mukamaganiza, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ma Corridoras amawoneka opindulitsa kwambiri pamdima wakuda, kumbuyo kwa kuwala iwo atayika. Ndikofunikanso kupanga malo othawirako pamiyala ikuluikulu kapena ku nkhono, komwe nyama zimatha kubisala,
Zomera. Izi nsomba zam'madzi zimakonda kukhala m'matanthwe obzala ochepa. Flora iyenera kusankhidwa kuti isachepetse malo aulere pansi. Ndiye kuti, nthaka yophimba nthaka ndiyabwino kugwiritsa ntchito. Njira yabwino ndi tchire lalikulu ngati nymphaea, echinodorus, wallisneria, hygrophil, etc.
Payokha, ndikofunikira kutchulapo zakudya za nsomba izi. Zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana, koma chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti kudyetsa kwenikweni idagwa pansi. M'kamwa mwa nyama izi mwadongosolo mumakhala mwanjira yoti amatenga chakudya kuchokera pansi.
Makilogalamu amathanso kudyetsedwa masamba otsekemera.
Kuchokera pazakudyazo mutha kusankha mapiritsi ndi ma pellets osiyanasiyana a nsomba zam'munsi. Chinanso choyenera ndi artemia, nsabwe za m'magazi, daphnia, machubu ndi mitundu ina ya chakudya chisanu chazinyama. Ndikofunika kuphatikiza apo kugwiritsa ntchito masamba.
Kufalikira kwammbali
Opanga kubala amuna awiri kapena atatu pa wamkazi. Ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kuyang'ana makina owoneka bwino. Yaikazi imakanikizidwira kwa yamphongo ndikusonkhanitsa mkaka mkamwa mwake, kenako imapita kumalo osankhidwa komwe imayikira mazira okhuthala pagalasi kapena mbewu. Pali mitundu iwiri ya momwe mkazi amakwanitsira mazira: koyamba, akukhulupirira kuti mkaka umalowa mazira kudzera m'matumba ndikuzungulira thupi lake, ndipo chachiwiri, pomwe mkazi akameza mkaka, amalowetsa mazira kudzera m'matumbo.
Njira yoyamba ikuwoneka ngati yovomerezeka kwa ine. Kwa umuna wabwinobwino wa mazira, kuuma kwamadzi pobowoleza kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Magawo Olimbikitsidwa: kuuma 8 °, acidity 7.2, kutentha mkati mwa 22-26 ° C. Amayi amodzi amapanga mazira mpaka 200, komabe, m'mabuku ena amawonetsedwa kuti pali mazira ochulukirapo kuwirikiza kawiri. Pomaliza kufalikira, opanga amafesedwa ndipo aeration imakhazikitsidwa. Kukula kocheperako: 40 × 25x25, koma ndikwabwino kusankha malo ochepa owerengeka ndi kuwerengera kwa kukula kwa eFy.
Corridor Caviar
Pofuna kupewa kuwoneka bowa pa caviar, methylene buluu iyenera kuwonjezeredwa kumadzi. Ndikofunikanso kuchotsa mazira oyeretsedwa. Chojambula chosavuta chopangidwa kuchokera ku chidutswa cha waya wolimba ndi chubu chopapatiza chosakanikirana nacho kuchokera kumakina chimakhala choyenererana ndi zolinga izi.
Kuti muthe dzira loyera, muyenera kutsina gawo limodzi la chubu ndi chala chanu, ndikubweretsa linalo. Kutha kwa chubu sikumadziwika bwino, dzira ndi madzi zidzatengedwa mu chubu. Gwirani kumapeto kwa chubu ndikuchotsa mazira ku aquarium.
Malki corridora
Patsiku 4-5, mphutsi zimayamba kuonekera. Ma sacs awo a yolk atasungunuka (nthawi zambiri patsiku la 5-6, kutengera kutentha kwa madzi) amayamba kusambira ndikudya. Muyenera kudyetsa mwachangu nthawi zambiri, nthawi yomweyo kuyang'anira ukhondo, popeza mwachangu wa makonde amakonda madzi oyera ndipo salola kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa pH chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa madzi.
Monga chakudya choyambira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito: chosokera, dzira yolira, artemia nauplii, ndipo pambuyo pake daphnia yaying'ono ndikumata auloforous. Fry yomwe imakula iyenera kukhazikitsidwa m'malo ena okhala m'madzi komanso makamaka ndi dothi lomwe limakonda kusambira.
Mitundu yamakhola
Mphaka wamkaka wamawangamawa si nsomba yodziwika komanso yotchuka kwambiri yapakhonde. Palinso ena omwe amasangalatsanso chimodzimodzi ndipo amathanso kusungidwa ndikugawidwa munyumba yakunyumba. Ndipo ena okonda makonde ali ndi zophatikiza zonse za nsombazi, zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu ingapo komanso mazana a mitundu ya makonde.
Pansipa pali mndandanda wawung'ono wa makonde ndi kufotokoza kwawo pang'ono: malo ndi kukula kwake, komanso chidziwitso chofunikira cha kuswana: magawo am'madzi, kukula kwake ndi kuchuluka kwa mazira.
Ma corridor obiriwira (Brochis splendes). Kunyumba kwa Peru, Brazil, kumakula mpaka 7 cm, kutalikirana: 40 × 30x30, zizindikiro za hydrochemical: kuuma 4 °, acidity 6.8, kutentha 27 ° C, pafupifupi mazira 350.
Corridor Adolf (Corydoras adolfoi). r Amazon, 4, 30 × 20x20, 4 °, 6.5, 27 ° C, mpaka mazira 50.
Corridoras Golden (C. aeneus). Trinidad, Venezuela, 7, 40 × 25x25, 8 °, 7.2, 26 ° C, caviar mpaka 300 pcs.
Corular-Tailed Corridor (C. aneatus). Brazil, 3, 30 × 20x20, 2 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, mazira mpaka 50 pcs.
Corridoras Chernoshtrikhovy (C. melanistius). r. Amazon, 6, 40 × 25x25, 2 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, caviar mpaka 80 pcs.
Corridor Meta (C. metae). Colombia, 5.5, 40 × 25x25, 2 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, mazira pafupifupi 60 ma PC.
Corridoras Napo (C. napoensis). Ecuador, 5, 30 × 20x20, 4 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, caviar mpaka 80 ma PC.
Corridoras Nutterera (C. natt audi). Brazil, 4-6,5, 30 × 25x25, 4 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, caviar pafupifupi 1000 pcs.
Coranda Panda (C. nanda). Peru, 4.5, 40 × 25x25, 2 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, pafupifupi mazira 20 omata.
The Pygmy Corridor (C. pygmaeus). R. Madeira, 2.5, 30 × 20x20, 2 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, caviar pafupifupi 30 ma PC.
Corrido Rabo (C. rabauti). Brazil, 6, 40 × 25x25, 6 °, 6.8, 26 ° C, pafupifupi 200 ma PC.
Corridor Trilinear (C. trilineatus). r Amazon, 7, 40 × 25x25, 4 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, pafupifupi ma pcs a 1000.
Makola ofiira (C. zygatus). Peru, 5.5, 30 × 25x25, 4 °, 6.8, 26 ° C, pafupifupi 80 ma PC.
Chikhalidwe cha makonde
Khalidwe la nsomba zam'madzi zamipanda ndizamtendere. Amakhala bwino ndi anthu onse okhala m'madzimo, kupatula okhawo omwe ndi olusa, mwachitsanzo, ma cichlids. Omasuka kumva mu gulu la 5-8 catfish. Amakonda kubisala m'misasa. Kukumba pansi ndi ntchito yayikulu ya makonde. Kawirikawiri samadzuka pamadzi.
Panda
Nsomba yaying'ono mpaka kukula kwa 5 cm. Panga lafishfish imakhala ndi chigoba chakuda pamaso, ndipo ndimawanga akuda pamchira ndi dorsal fin. Chifukwa cha utoto uwu, dzina la mitunduyi limafanana. Thupi limakhala lowala kwamtundu wapinki. Mwachilengedwe, mutha kupezeka ku Peru ndi Ecuador. Amakonda madzi ofunda kupitirira madigiri 16. Amatha kupirira kupendekera kwakanthawi mpaka madigiri 12. Koma osaposa maola 3-4. Mumakonda kuyatsa kwamdima. Zachikazi ndizazikhalidwe zazikulu.
Adolfi
Chipilalachi ndichikulu kukula kwa 5-6 masentimita. Malo achilengedwe ndi Rio Negro River Basin ku South America. Gawo lalikulu la penti lojambulidwa ndi imvi, pafupifupi loyera. Pamalo pathu pali mutu waukulu wa lalanje. Pamaso pake pali chigoba, ngati makonde a pandas. Kuchokera pamutu mpaka mchira, chingwe chakuda chachitali. Samabadwira m'madzi. Manyazi kwambiri. Chakudya chizikhala chofunikira kusiyidwa usiku. Muukapolo amakhala zaka 6
Chikopa
Khonde lakunja lothandiza kwambiri - lofanana ndi khungu la nyalugwe, chikasu chonyezimira pomwe mawanga akuda amabalalika. Kukula kwa thupi la nsomba yayikulu mpaka masentimita 6. Dzinalo lachiwiri ndi trilinear, kudzera mizere itatu yomwe imadutsa kumbuyo. Mwa akazi kuyambira pakati pa thupi mpaka mchira, mwa amuna kudzera thupi lonse. Amakhala ku Peru, Brazil ndi Ecuador.
Venezuela
Kawonedwe ka m'madzi nsomba zapamadzi zomwe zimawoneka ngati golide. Kusiyanaku kuli m'thupi lalikulu ndi malo okhala. Mphaka wa ku Venezuelan amakhala mdziko lomwe ulemu wake umatchedwa, ndi golide ku Trinidad. Ili ndi mtundu wamkuwa komanso malo owoneka bwino kumbuyo.
Zoyenera kumangidwa
Mphaka zam'mphepete mwa nyanja sizingasankhe za momwe zimakhalira m'madzimo. Nsomba zapansi, motero, kapangidwe ka dothi komanso malo omasuka ndikofunikira. Mchenga wakuda kapena miyala yoyala yabwino yokhala ndi m'mphepete yosalala ndi yoyenera pansi. Zomera zokhala ndi moyo, mbewa ndi ma fern, tchire zidzatero. Ndi mizu yolimba kotero kuti poyambira nsomba zam'madzi sizisokoneza chomera.
Ndikwabwino kusungira nsomba zamkati pagulu la anthu asanu ndi limodzi. Simungagwiritse ntchito mchere wa tebulo kapena nyanja yamchere kupha nsomba zamtundu woyandikana nawo.
Zofunikira za Aquarium
Mukamasankha kanyumba kopangira kanyumba, lingalirani kuchuluka kwa nsomba zomwe zizikhalamo. A aquarium yayikulu siyofunikira. Kwa gulu la anthu 8, voliyumu ndi malita 50-60. Kwa catfish, pansi ndikofunikira komwe amasambira, kuti aliyense ali ndi malo okwanira.
Gwiritsani ntchito mababu ofunikira kuti muunike kapena pangani shading m'madzi ndi madzi oyandama. Kudzikongoletsa mokongoletsa ndi matako kungakhale kapangidwe kabwino. Mukaziika, onetsetsani kuti pali malo oti musankhe nsomba iliyonse.
Mu aquarium muyenera chosungira, kusefa. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kuyenera kuti makola azitha kusambira kupita kumbuyo kwa mpweya wabwino.
Aquarium madzi magawo
Madzi a m'madzi mu nsomba za Catfish ayenera kukwaniritsa izi:
- Kutentha kwamadzi 22-26 ° С.
- Acidity 5.5-8.0 pH.
- Kuuma 5-18 dH.
Sinthani kotala yamadzi mu aquarium sabata iliyonse. Pakadutsa masiku 14 mpaka 15, yeretsani dothi. Onetsetsani kuti palibenso miyala ingapo yokhazikika kapena zidutswa za zinthu zokongoletsera pansi zomwe zitha kuwononga pakamwa kapena tinyanga ta makonde.
Kusokoneza ndi kufalikira
Pakutuluka, amuna angapo amaponda kuzungulira Aquarium kwa mkazi. Amasankha imodzi. Amatulutsa mbewu, yomwe mkazi amatenga mkamwa mwake. Kenako yaikazi imapanga mtundu wa dengu kuchokera mu zipsepse zamakutu, komwe imayikira mazira 5-30. Gawo lotsatira ndikupeza malo omwe mkaka umazunguliridwa ndikuwonjezera mazira. Nthawi zambiri pagalasi, masamba obzala, matako ndi ena. Chotsatira ndikumalumikizana ndi nsomba ina yamphongo.
Pakangowaza kamodzi, mazira 800 amafikira. Makonde amadya ana, mutatha kutulutsa nsomba zazikulu, zulani kusefa. Mukatuluka ku aquarium wamba, chotsani mwachangu.
Mazira ndi mwachangu
Maonekedwe a mwachangu mpaka masiku 10. Fryasi ikamasambira masiku 5-7, amayamba kuwadyetsa ndi "fumbi lamoyo". Chotsatira ndi chakudya cha Artemia. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, mwachangu amatha kukhazikikanso mu aquarium wamba.
Matenda
Aquarium catfish corridor amadziwika ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Palibe matenda enieni amodzi mwa nsomba zamtunduwu. Kupirira kusinthasintha kwakukulu m'malo achilengedwe. Osagwiritsa ntchito mchere wam'khichini komanso mchere wamchere kuti mupewe tizirombo.
Chisankho choyenera cha nsomba zamatumbo zofunikira m'sitolo
Mukamagula nyama yam'madzi m'sitolo, samalani kwambiri:
- Kodi nsomba zodwala zilipo mu corarior aquarium?
- Khalidwe la makonde pawokha. Kodi imagwira ntchito? Msodzi wathanzi amayenda mwachangu, amasambira pansi, amagwira mpweya, osambira pansi mosavuta. Odwala amasuntha mwachisawawa, amagwa mbali imodzi kapena amangogona pansi. Pali kutsutsika komwe kumachitika.
- Palibe kuwonongeka kwa masharubu.
- Mawanga ofiira ofiira thupi kapena zipsepse akuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa mabakiteriya kapena bowa.
- M'matchire odwala, zipsepizo zimaphatikizika kapena zimakutidwa ndi zowola.
- Mimba yowotcha iwonetsa nyongolotsi.
- Maso a nsomba yathanzi ndi owoneka bwino, opanda mafilimu kapena mafinya.
- Osamatenga nsomba za mphaka zokhala ndi ma grill ofiira kapena otentha. Poizoni wa nitrate.
Ngati mukufuna kusinthitsa makonde ndi kugula zidutswa zingapo, tengani nsomba zamitundu yayikulu - kuti mudzapeze amuna kapena akazi.
Ndemanga
Othandizira am'madzi amalankhula zabwino pamayendedwe. Ngakhale manyazi a mphaka za m'madzi kwa ena akuwoneka ngati osabweza.
Malangizo
Aquarium nsomba corridgeor ndi oyenera onse oyambira ndi odziwa kuzamitsa nsomba. Kukhala ndi mkhalidwe wamtendere, imagwirizana bwino ndi nsomba zambiri, kupatula okhawo omwe ndi olusa. Kutsitsa nyengo. Amakhala nthawi yambiri pansi, kukumba pansi, ndikuchita ntchito ya aquarium mwadongosolo. Kufalikira mosavuta muukapolo. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, imakondweretsa eni ake ndi ana ndikukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 15.
Ndi matenda ati omwe angatengeke?
Ngati ziweto izi siziperekedwa mikhalidwe yoyenera, zimatha kudwala. Nthawi zambiri awa ndi matenda obwera ndi mabakiteriya ndi mafangasi. Corridoras nthawi zambiri amadwala fin zowola ndi helminthiasis. Omwe am'madzi am'madzi amadzakumana ndi poizoni chifukwa chokhala ndi ma nitrate ambiri, phosphates, ndi zina.
Mafangayi
Itha kuzindikirika mosiyanasiyana ndi mawanga osiyanasiyana, zophuka ndi zolengeza pa thupi la nsomba. Potere, mankhwalawa amachitika mu bokosi lapadera losungirako. Kuchokera pamankhwala, mutha kusankha potaziyamu permanganate (osambira mphindi 5), furatsilin (1 g pa 10 l). Ndi mankhwala omaliza, muyenera kusamala. Nsomba zimayikidwa mu thanki tsiku ndi tsiku, koma osapitilira theka la ola. Palibe chifukwa chomwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mchere, chifukwa nyama izi sizingalole mchere m'madzi ndikufa mwachangu.
Poizoni wa nayitrogeni
Ngati nsomba zimakonda kukhala pamtunda ndikuyamwa, ndiye, nitrate, phosphates ndi zinthu zina zoyipa zimawonedwa m'madzi. Zoyenera, muyenera kuyesa madzi pazinthu izi.
Njira yothetsera vutoli ndiyoyambira - muyenera kuchita zina. Choyamba, mutha kubwezeretsa theka la voliyumu ya aquarium, ndipo mtsogolomo muyenera kuwunika momwe nsomba zimayambira komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala asitikali.
A Tail akutsimikizira: mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu
Pali mitundu yambiri ya akambuku owononga a Corridoras, tsopano pali ena 200 a iwo, koma ndikudziwika kuti pali mitundu ina yambiri yomwe sinafotokozedwebe. Si onse a iwo amene apatsidwa mayina. Kwa ena, m'malo mwa dzina, pali kalata yachilatini C kapena L yokhala ndi nambala yolembetsedwa.
M'madera am'madzi, mitundu yotsatirayi ya Shellfish ndiyofala kwambiri.
Kuswana, kuswana
Kutha mu Corridoras ndi koyenera kwa zaka 1-2. Mwachilengedwe, kumera kumachitika mu Novembala ndi Disembala, nthawi yamvula ikayamba ku South America ndipo madziwo amayamba kuzizira. Mu aquarium, motero, kuti mubereke, muyenera kuchepetsa kutentha. Monga makolo, mayi m'modzi ndi amuna awiri atengedwa (mutha kuyang'anira gulu lonse, koma azikhala amuna ambiri).
Pakuchepa, mphamvu yowonjezera malita 60 ikufunika. Ndikofunika kuuzingira nsomba zisanachitike, chifukwa kwa sabata limodzi ndi theka azolowere nyumbayo. Mikhalidwe iyenera kupangidwa mwachilengedwe momwe zingathere, ndiye kuti, othandizira mwamphamvu, madzi abwino komanso zinthu zochepa za mankhwala a nayitrogeni.
Akatulutsa, amuna amayamba kufunafuna akazi oyenera kubereka. Amasankha mnzake m'modzi yemwe amatulutsa mbewu, ndikuitenga mkamwa. Kenako amasintha zipsepse zake zokongola kukhala mabasiketi achilendo, pomwe amaikira mazira.
Gawo lotsatira ndikusankha malo omwe ziphuphu zakumunda zipsa. Pamenepo, mkaziyo amapaka mkaka ndi kuphwanya mazira. Monga lamulo, awa ndi masamba a mbewu, magalasi, malo okhala, etc. Njira imeneyi ikamalizidwa, wamkazi amasankha wamwamuna wotsatila ndipo chilichonse chimabwereza. Pafupifupi mazira 800 amawaika nthawi yakutulutsa. Makolo angawatengere kuti adye, ndiye ndibwino kuti muwasiye nthawi yomweyo.
The mwachangu zimawonekera pafupi sabata ndi theka. Mutha kuwadyetsa atatha masiku 5-7, atayamba kusambira okha. Chakudya chabwino ndi fumbi. Mutha kuwonjezera kuwonjezera pa artemia ndi mitundu ina ya chakudya chanyama.Pakadutsa mwezi umodzi kuchokera posachedwa mwachangu, amakhala nsomba zodzaza, zomwe zimatha kuwonjezeredwa ku aquarium wamba.
Pygmy
Mmodzi mwa oyimira ang'ono kwambiri am'mabungwe ake. Amakula osaposa masentimita 3. Ali ndi mtundu wa siliva wobiriwira. Pa thupi lonse pali mikwingwirima yakuda iwiri. Mmodzi mbali, wina pafupi ndi m'mimba. Mukhale ndi anthu osachepera 10. Zosunga kutentha - kutentha 20-25 madigiri, kuuma 5-15, acidity 6.5-7.5,
Natterera
Amakhala kum'mawa kwa Brazil. Amakula mpaka masentimita 6.5. Ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mutu ndi kumbuyo kwake ndi zofiirira wa maolivi, mbali yake ndiyobiriwira, siliva ndi zoyera. Komanso pambali pali chingwe chakuda chakuda. Ma paramu ndi ofanana ndi ma Pygmies, koma amakhala ochulukirapo kuposa matenthedwe, akuyenera kukhala 8-10 ° С,
Mtunduwu udadziwika ndi mtsinje ku Colombia, komwe umakhala. Imafika kutalika kwa masentimita 5. Thupi lake limakhala ndi khungu. Kumbuyo kuli Mzere wakuda. Nsomba zimakonda madzi ofunda, 24-27 ° C,
Trilineatus (njira zitatu)
Ili ndi thupi lowala, komwe, ngati nyalugwe, pali malo ang'onoang'ono akuda ndi mikwingwirima. Komabe, amasiyanitsidwa ndikuti ayenera kukhala ndi mikwingwirima itatu pambali, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa chomwecho. Kukula mpaka 4-5 masentimita, chosasilira madzi,
Zotchulidwa (wamba)
Ndiwoyimira ambiri amtundu. Amakhala ku Brazil. Mtunduwu ndi kuphatikiza kwa mtundu wa azitona ndi maonekedwe a bulauni komanso obiriwira. Malo akuda amapezeka thupi lonse. Amuna ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa akazi, amakhala ndi ndalama yayitali,
Khwangwala (mpheta)
Imapezeka ku Amazon ndi matupi amadzi a Paraguay. Dzinalo limadzilankhulira lokha. Izi ndi tinsomba tating'onoting'ono, zomwe sizikukula kupitirira masentimita 3. Thupi lake limakhala ndi kamvekedwe kagolide kapena chikasu. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, amasambira m'magulu apakati. Mumakonda madzi oyera
Barbatus
Amapezeka m'mizinda ya Sao Paulo ndi Rio de Janeiro. M'matupi amadzi amafika masentimita 12, koma m'madzi am'madzi nthawi zambiri samapitirira masentimita 7. Thupi limakhala lofiirira, koma pamakhalanso madontho akuda ambiri. Amuna ali ndi mitu kumitu yawo, ndipo akazi amakhala ndi ludzu asanaphuke, ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba pafupi ndi mchira.
Zipinda Zoyenda
Corydoras paleatus - catfish yaying'ono, yotalika pafupifupi masentimita 700, zipsepse zapamwamba komanso chida chamiyala ya olive wonenepa kwambiri. Mimba ndi yopepuka - golide pinki.
Mtunduwu, mtundu wa kugonana umatchulidwa, wamkazi ndi wamkulu kwambiri kuposa wamwamuna.
Ma Shells omwe ali ndimawangamawanga amatha kusintha kwambiri nyengo zakunja ndipo amatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri kwa + 10 ... + 30 ° C, koma amakonda + 20 ... + 25 ° C yabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, zimakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali komanso popanda kuwonongeka kosawoneka komanso m'malo owonongeka ndi nitrate.
Izi nsomba zaku South America zakhala ndi mitundu - yophimbidwa ndi mafino a albino.
Ma Corridors Agolide
Ambiri amakhala m'mitsinje ya Venezuela ndi Trinidad. Corydoras aeneus amafika kukula kwa 6-7 masentimita, iyi ndi imodzi mwamitundu yomwe amakonda kwambiri am'madzi chifukwa chokongola komanso kusasamala kwake.
Mzere wambiri wagolide umathamangira kumbuyo kwa nsomba, ana ang'onoang'ono amatha kukhala atavala utoto ndi malo amdima pansi pamunsi pa caudal.
Palinso mawonekedwe a albino, koma maso a chiweto choterocho samakhalabe amdima komanso owala. Zowonjezera zili pafupi kuwonekera, koma ndi maonekedwe achikasu.
Golden Corridor m'maiko aku Europe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Bronze Measles.
Panda Corridors
Corydoras panda - okhala mumtsinje wa Ucayali, ukuyenda ku Peru.
Mamba okhala ngati chipolopolo cha mtunduwu ali pafupifupi oyera ndi kuwala pang'ono kwa pinki, ndipo malowo pafupi ndi maso (ndi ziwalo zodzionera okha), mapangidwe a dorsal, ndi malo omwe kumunsi kwa mchirawo ndi kuda, pafupifupi. Chifukwa chake, nsomba iyi imatchedwa Panda, chifukwa imakhala yofanana kutalika ndi chimbalangondo.
Amuna amafika kutalika kwa 3-4 cm, zazikazi ndizokulirapo pang'ono kuposa 4-6 cm.
Makonde a Shterba
Corydoras sterbai ndi achilengedwe kumitsinje yomwe ikuyenda pang'onopang'ono ku Bolivia ndi Brazil.
Thupi lawo limakhala ndi mawonekedwe owazungulira, amuna pafupifupi 5 cm, akazi 6-7 cm.
Mbali yayikulu ya thupi ndi yofiirira, nthawi zina pafupifupi yakuda, yokhala ndi mawanga owala omwe amapitilira mchira mu mikwingwirima itatu. Akuluakulu ali ndi zipsepse zowala za lalanje.
Shterba amatha kusintha pang'ono mtundu, kusintha mtundu wa dothi. Ali ndi albino coloromorph.
Makatani a Leopard
Corydoras leopardus ndionso amakhala ku Brazil komwe kumakhala pansi pamadzi. Thupi laling'ono, mpaka 5 masentimita, limapakidwa utoto wamitundu yasiliva ndipo limakulungidwa ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono amdima. Mutu ndi mchira womwewo, zotsalira zina ndizowonekera, kokha kumtunda pali malo akuda pamunsi.
Mayina ena a Shell awa ndi Leopard Corey, Somic Leopard.
Anthu okhala pansi pamadziwo amawoneka bwino kwambiri pamadzi am'madzi pagulu lamdima. Amakonda madzi ofunda pang'ono kuposa mitundu ina, apo ayi zomwe zili kunyumba ndizosavuta.
Zipinda zaku Venezuelan
Corydoras venezuelanus ndi anthu okongola komanso abwino okhala m'madzi abwino, kwawo ndi mitsinje ya ku Venezuela. Amapezeka mu aquarium mumitundu iwiri:
- Malalanje Ndiwo maziko akuthupi komanso kumapeto kwa thupi, kumtunda kwake komanso pamutu mutu wabwinoko. Zotsalira zina ndizowonekera. Amakula mpaka 5-6 cm.
- Chakuda. Mbiri yakumaso ndi chokoleti cholemera, pafupifupi chakuda, koma chokhala ndi malalanje kapena malalanje ofiira pamimba ndi pamutu komanso nthenga zofananira. Akuluakulu kuposa kukula kwa Orange - mpaka 7-8 cm.
Pygmy Corridors
Corydoras pygmaeus amatchedwa mayina chifukwa cha tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ta masentimita awiri ndi awiri ndi awiri.
Mwachilengedwe, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo osyanasiyana a kumtsinje wa Rio Madeira waku Brazil.
Pafupifupi thupi lowoneka bwino ndi ma penti amapaka utoto wa siliva kapena wagolide ndipo amakhala ndi mzere wakuda kumaso. Maso akulu nthawi zina amajambula mtundu wamtambo.
Corridors Julie
Corydoras julii ndi nsomba ya callichy, yotchuka kwambiri m'mizinda yakunyumba.
Mtunduwu wapezeka ndi wofufuza Franz Steindahner mu 1906, atapeza nsomba kum'mwera kwa Amazon. Zimakumana ndi mitunduyi mumtsinje wakumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Brazil.
Mtundu wa Shell ndi wapachiyambi kwambiri. Kumbuyo kwake ndi kirimu kapena imvi yopepuka yokhala ndimadontho ang'ono amdima komanso kumata mzere wotsatira kuchokera kumataulo a gill kupita kumchira.
Zipsepse zimakhala zoyera ndi mikwaso yakuda, pa dorsal ndimalo amdima kumunsi.
Makulidwe wamba amtchire ya Julie ndi pafupifupi 5-6 cm.
Corridors Nanusi
Corydoras nanus ndi tinsomba tating'ono, okalamba kwambiri komanso akhama mu mitsinje ya Suriname ndi Eastern Brazil. Thupi la silvery, lopentedwa kumtunda kwa mithunzi ya azitona, limakula mpaka masentimita 5. Poyerekeza ndi maziko owala pali gawo lamdima komanso lowala, pafupifupi lakuda, la chithunzi.
Amuna, ang'ono kuposa akazi, ali ndi ma toni agolide mu utoto, ziphuphu zimapakidwa utoto, ndipo dorsal ndi yakuda ndipo imakhala ndi chikaso kumtunda.
Nthawi zambiri nsomba zamtunduwu zimatchedwa ma Moth chikuku.
Ma Corcors Arcuatus
Corydoras arcuatus nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Awiri-Way kapena Arched. Thupi (kutalika mpaka 5 cm) ndi silvery, chonyezimira, kumbuyo konse kuli mzere wakuda bii mbali zonse za fin. Chifukwa cha mbali yapamwamba ya thupi la Carapace, imafanana ndi arc.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Corridoras iyi siyosasamala kwambiri mikhalidwe yomwe ali mndende, ali ndi tinyanga touluka kwambiri, kamene, ndi madzi osavomerezeka, timawonongeka msanga.
Makonda a Meta
Corydoras metae amatchedwa Meta Mtsinje ku Colombia, pomwe adapezeka koyamba mu 1914.
Mtundu wawukulu wakutali, womwe kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 5.5-6, ndi wofiirira komanso wowoneka wagolide. Mzere wakuda wowala umathamangira kumbuyo konse, ndikugwira chimaliziro ndi kumbuyo kwakukulu. Yemweyo, koma wopingasa, umadutsa pamutu ndi m'maso mwa nsomba. Mapaipi ndi tint yofiirira, timaso.
Corridor Sparrow
Corydoras hasatus Eigenmann - aka Dwarf (kutalika mpaka 3 cm) kapena Golden catfish. Nsomba yoyamba kupezeka kwa nthawi yoyamba pakati pa mtsinje wa Amazon ndi mapiri kumtunda kwa Paraguay.
Patsogolo panu pali golide wokhala ndi buluu wofewa, wokhala ndi mzere wakuda m'mbali mwake komanso malo akuda wooneka ngati diamondi (uku ndiye kusiyana kwakukulu ndi Pygmy Corridor) kumunsi kwa mchira. Mapeto a dorsal kumtunda nawonso ndi akuda, ma plamu ena onse ndi owonekera, siliva.
Makonde a Kochi
Corydoras cochui Myers akufotokozedwa mu 1954, pomwe amapezeka pakati pa Amazon. Kankhono kakang'ono, mpaka 3 cm. Thupi limayeretsedwa ndi zikwangwani zofiirira zachikaso zoponyedwa mu golide. Mapaamu a Translucent nawonso amapentedwa.
Makonde a Nutterra
Corydoras natt audi Steindachner adapezeka mu 1877 m'mitsinje ya Paramba ndi Rio Dosa kum'mawa kwa Brazil.
Kukula kwa mphaka ndi 6.5-7 masentimita. Mtundu wa pamphumi ndi kumbuyo umakhala wonyezimira wa maolivi, ndipo mbali zake ndi siliva wobiriwira. Mzere wakuda kwambiri umayenderera mzere wotsatira, malo omwewo kumunsi kwa kumapeto kwa dorsal. Zowonjezerazi ndizowonekera, zachikasu.
Zoyambira Aquarium
Makonde ndi nsomba zosavomerezeka, zomwe woyambitsa nsomba wazam'madzi amatha kuzisunga.
Kwa moyo wawo wonse mu dziwe lochita kupanga, zinthu ziyenera kulengedwa:
- Apatseni gulu la makonde a anthu 6-8 omwe ali ndi malo okwanira. Ma Somik amafunika kukhala pafupi-pansi, kotero thankiyo iyenera kukhala yayitali komanso yotakata, kutalika kwake sikofunikira. Kukula kwa malita 60-100 ndi koyenera.
- Sankhani zoyenera pansi, chifukwa nsomba izi zimakhala nthawi yambiri ikuphwanya dothi. Ndikofunika kuti asawononge tinyanga tawo tachisoni. Mchenga wabwino wamchenga kapena miyala yaing'ono yopanda miyala.
- Ndikofunikira kubzala posungira ndi madzi am'madzi - mosses, ferns, mawonekedwe a chitsamba ndi mizu yolimba, kuti a Shellfish sakanatha kukumba.
- Khazikitsani malo omwe akutsatira grottoes ndi mapanga, ikani miyala ndi driftwood, yomwe imakhalanso ngati malo othawirako.
- Musagwiritse ntchito njira zamchere povutikira anthu ena okhala mnyumba yosungirako, Corridoras samvera bwino tebulo ndi mchere wamchere ndipo amatha kufa.
- Kukhazikitsa kuyatsa kuzimiririka - amphaka amphaka sakonda kuwala kowala. Mithunzi imatha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu zoyandama, monga riccia.
- Konzekerani thankiyo ndi zida zamphamvu zoyeretsera. Kukusanjidwa ndikofunikira kawiri konse, chifukwa gulu la Corridoras limatulutsa madzi pansi panthaka.
- Ndikofunika kupangira aquarium ndi dongosolo la aeration ndipo, ngati itatsekedwa ndi chivindikiro, siyani malo mlengalenga pakati pake ndi pamwamba pamadzi kuti mphaka wa mphaka akhoza kuwuka ndikupanga matumbo.
- Kupirira magawo otsatirawa ammadzi am'madzi opanga thupi: kutentha + 20 ... + 28 ° C, kuuma mkati mwa 4-17 dH, acidity 5.4-7.8 pH.
- Osachepera kotala la kuchuluka kwamadzi sabata iliyonse amayenera m'malo mwa oyera, okhazikika.
- Pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse, yeretsani dothi ndi siphon.