Hercules Chikumbu ili ndi dzina lake lalikulu chifukwa cha ngwazi yotchuka ya nthano za Heracles. Ndipo kuyerekezera kotereku kumayenda bwino kwambiri. Kachilomboka kotchedwa Hercules kachilomboka ndi imodzi mwa nthumwi zikuluzikulu za mitundu yake. Mwa mphamvu ndi kukula kwake, kachilomboka ndi kachilomboka kokha. Zotsalazo zidalembedwa m'buku la mbiri.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Chithunzi: Hercules Beetle
Hercules ndi tizilombo totsogola. Ndi ya banja lalikulu kwambiri lamellae. Masiku ano zili ndi mitundu yopitilira 30,000 ndipo imapangidwanso chaka chilichonse. Oimira mtunduwu afalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Tizilomboti timatulutsa njuchi, monga timatchulira nthawi zambiri, ndi gulu lobwereza-bwereza.
Subfamily iyi ili ndi chozizwitsa chosiyana - chimakula pa expressionotum, mutu. Pazifukwa izi, tizilombo ngati izi ndizovuta kusokoneza aliyense. Chifukwa cha kukula kwakutali, ma hercules amatha kufikira masentimita khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri kutalika.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Hercules Beetle Red Book
Pankhani ya maonekedwe, kachilomboka kotchedwa Hercules kumawonedwa ngati kowopsa. Ali ndi kulemera kochititsa chidwi, miyeso yayikulu, nyanga zakuda. Nyanga yam'mwamba ndi yayikulu, imakhala ndi notches, m'munsi ndiyochepa. Nyanga yayikuluyo yazunguliridwa pang'ono, kupita kutsogolo.
Kukula kwa lipenga lam'mwambamwamba kudzawongolera kukula kwa kachilomboka. Kukula kwa munthu wamkulu kumadalira kuchuluka ndi zakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nthawi yomweyo, michere yolowera nthawi ya ana ndi magawo omwe amakhala ndi gawo lazamoyo imatenga gawo. Pa nthawi ya chitukuko, mphutsi imodzi imatha kukula masentimita khumi ndi limodzi. Mphamvu ya Hercules imawonedwa kwambiri pakati pa mafani akumenya nyama. Anthu amakonda kukonza ndewu pakati pa zinkhanira, nkhanu, kachilomboka. Omaliza amapambana nthawi zambiri.
Kuphatikiza pa kunenepa, kukula kwake, oatmeal ilinso ndizinthu zina zakunja:
- kafadala amagawidwa amuna, akazi. Akazi nthawi zonse amakhala ochepa kwambiri kuposa amuna,
- Kusiyana kwazakugonana ndikosavuta kudziwa osati kukula kwa tizilombo. Amaperekedwa ndi kupaka utoto. Amuna ali ndi mutu wakuda, nyanga, ndipo mapiko akutsogolo amatha kutuwa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yobiriwira. Akazi nthawi zonse amakhala akuda
- Malinga ndi zomwe apeza posachedwa, kachilomboka ka Hercules kamatha kusintha mtundu wake kutengera malo omwe amakhala. Ndi mtundu wa chipolopolo, mutha kuyesa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'deralo.
Kodi Hercules Beetle amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Hercules Beetle
Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ka kachilumbu ka Hercules ndi nkhalango zotentha, zam'malo otentha. Masiku ano, anthu ambiri amapezeka ku South America, Venezuela, Brazil, Bolivia, Panama, Mexico. Komanso, anthu ambiri amakhala kuzilumba zopezeka ku Caribbean. Pang'onopang'ono nsikidzi zimapezeka ku Colombia, Ecuador, Peru. Komanso malo ocheperako adawonedwa m'maiko ena okhala ndi nyengo yotentha yotentha, nkhalango zambiri zokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri.
Ngakhale kachilomboka kakufalikira m'malo otentha, munthu aliyense payekha amakhala m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi. Masiku ano, kupeza chiweto chotere si vuto. Pali malo ambiri opangira intaneti komanso malo ogulitsira pa intaneti omwe amapereka mphutsi ndi nsikidzi zachikulire. Komabe, kupanga zofunikira pa moyo wa Hercules ndizovuta.
Ndikofunikira kusankha chidebe cha kukula koyenera, kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwambiri ndi mulingo wazinyontho mkati mwake. Dongosolo lotentha lokwanira limawonedwa ngati kutentha kwa madigiri 20 mpaka 25. Chinyezi chikuyenera kukhala osachepera 70%. Ndikofunikanso kuyang'anira kusamalidwa kwakanthawi ndi chakudya ndi bug, kuwonetsetsa kuti pali malo okwanira kukwera.
Kodi kachilomboka kamaimira chiyani?
Chithunzi: Big Hercules Beetle
Zakudya za kachilomboka, ndizomwe zimapezeka mwa zinthu zowola zokha. Nthawi zambiri, tizilombo timakonda kudya zipatso zambiri. Chipatso chimodzi chotere chimatha kukhala munthu wamkulu kwa masiku angapo. Tizilombo timayamwa zakudya mpaka zomaliza. Nthawi zina kachilomboka amadya masamba, masamba, ofewa.
Mimbulu imapeza chakudya chochuluka pansi. Komabe, ngati zingafunikire, amatha kukwera mitengo, kuwuluka kuchokera kumalo ena kupita kwina. Mapiko amatha kufikira masentimita makumi awiri, ndipo miyendo ya kachilombo ndi kutalika kwambiri ndipo ali ndi zikhadabo zolimba. Zonsezi zimapangitsa Hercules kukhala khutu labwino.
Kusaka zakudya kumatha kuyenda limodzi ndi masewera olimbana pakati pa akulu. Kulimbana kowopsa nthawi zambiri kumatha muimfa. Nyanga zamphamvu zimakankhira mosavuta zipolopolo.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Red Book Hercules Beetle
Khalidwe, machitidwe a kafadala ali ndi mawonekedwe ake. Beetles nthawi zambiri usiku. Masana, nthawi zambiri amabisala pansi pa masamba agwa. Nthawi zambiri masana, tizilomboti timakhala pachakudya chathu. Zimayenda pang'onopang'ono padziko lapansi, ndikusankha zipatso zoyenera ndi zipatso zake. Nthawi zina kachilomboka ka Hercules kamakwera mtengo kuti kasangalale ndi zipatso. Amachichotsa paming'alu yopangika pakhungwa la mitengo yofewa.
Chikhalidwe cha Hercules chimatha kutchedwa kuti ndewu. Tizilombo ta Rhinoceros nthawi zambiri timalimbana wina ndi mnzake. Pakayimba, tizilombo timagwiritsa ntchito zida zometera. Akatswiri a duel akapezana, nthawi yomweyo amathamangira pagulu.
Pokhudzana ndi anthu, kachilomboka ka Hercules kamatha kutchedwa kwamtendere. Sadzaukira, osavulaza. Zilinso zovulaza m'minda yamasamba, minda yokhala ndi zokolola. Chifukwa cha mikhalidwe iyi, kachilomboka ka Hercules kamadziwika pakati paokonda kunja. Ambiri amayambitsa nsikidzi kunyumba, osawopa kuwanyamula.
Makhalidwe, zopatsa thanzi za kachilomboka ndizothandiza kwambiri padziko lapansi. Iwo ndi abwino organic processors. Tizilombo ta mphutsi timapukusira, kudutsa m'matumbo awo.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: kachilomboka ka Hercules m'chilengedwe
M'magulu a zophukira, malo apamwamba nthawi zonse amakhala olimba. Amuna okhaokha amphamvu ali ndi ufulu wopitiliza mtundu wawo. Pachifukwa ichi, mutayamba kukhwima, kachilombo kamodzi kamtendere kadzasinthidwa kukhala omenyera ufulu. Pomwe akugwirizira zazikazi, amamenyanirana wina ndi mnzake, kuyesera kukankha kudzera m'goli la mdani.
Zowonongeka pachivuto cha wotsutsa zili pafupifupi theka la kupambana pakumenya kwa mkazi. Nkhondo ya omwe akupikisana nawo nthawi zambiri imapitirira mpaka yomaliza. Chimodzi mwa nsikidzi ziyenera kubwerera kapena kufa. Tizilombo ta Rhinoceros sichibwerera m'mbuyo, kotero nkhondo zambiri zimatha pomwalira m'modzi mwa abambo. Nthawi yakukhwima nthawi zonse imagwera nyengo yamvula m'malo otentha.
Wamphongo, yemwe amapambana nkhondoyi, amayamba mkwatibwi ndi wamkazi. Zachikazi nthawi zambiri zimayikira mazira awo mu khungubwe lozungulira nkhuni. M'moyo wawo wamfupi, zazikazi zamtunduwu sizimayikira mazira oposa zana. Nthawi iliyonse, wamkazi amayesa kuchedwetsa ana ambiri, chifukwa nthawi yayitali ya kachilomboka ndiyifupi kwambiri - osapitilira chaka. Mazira amasanduka mphutsi pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Kupitilira apo amakula magawo atatu.
Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi nthawi yake yake:
- Choyamba chimatenga masiku 50,
- Lachiwiri ndi masiku 50,
- Lachitatu ndi lalitali kwambiri ndipo limatenga masiku osachepera mazana anayi.
Adani achilengedwe a Hercules Beetle
Chithunzi: Big Hercules Beetle
Monga tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono, kachilomboka ndi Hercules. Mimbulu imadziyesa yokha mdani woyamba. Ambiri mwa amuna achikulire amafa nthawi yakukhwima, akumamenyana wina ndi mnzake. Komabe, izi zimakupatsani mwayi kuti musiyanitse mtundu wotsatira, chifukwa ndi okhawo amphamvu mwamitundu yonseyo omwe amabereka.
Nyama zambiri zolusa zimadyera kachilomboka ku Hercules: nyamayi, makoswe, zirombo, mileme. Sawopa kukula kwa tizilombo. Komabe, kachilomboka siikhala chosavuta kuchita. Amagwiritsa ntchito mwayi uliwonse kudziteteza. Chida chachikulu ndi nyanga yayikulu, yamphamvu, mphamvu, miyendo yayitali, mapiko akulu.
Mbuluzi zimawuluka bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimawathandiza kubisala kwa adani awo. Masamba osiyanasiyana, monga nkhupakupa, amathanso kumatchedwa adani a Hercules. Komabe, samadya tizilombo. Amapweteketsa mosiyanasiyana. Nkhupakupa zimatha kuwononga thupi la kachilomboka, ndikusokoneza thanzi lawo. Izi zimachepetsa utali wonse wa nyama.
Akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amakhala pachiwopsezo ngati mphutsi zosavomerezeka. Ndi nthawi imeneyi yomwe ma hercules amafa nthawi zambiri. Makoswe amapita nthawi yayitali mwachangu kwa nyerere, kafadala wamkulu, ndi scolopendras. Komanso, mphutsi zimafa ndi mavu a scoli. Phulusa limabowola chizimba chake, kenako limayika mazira.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Hercules Beetle
Ndizosatheka kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa nyamayi mwachilungamo kwambiri. Komabe, munthu akhoza kunena motsimikiza za mtundu wa mitundu - mitundu ya kachilombo ka Hercules imachepetsedwa kwambiri. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepetsa izi ndi chimodzi - kulowerera kwa anthu.
Makamaka, zinthu zotsatirazi zikukhudza kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha anthu:
- Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa. Ili ndiye vuto lalikulu kwambiri masiku athu ano. Kudula nkhalango, munthu amaletsa Hercules la chinthu chachikulu - nyumba ndi chakudya.
- Kuipitsa mpweya, madzi. Izi zimakhudza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyama zonse.
- Hercules kufalikira kwa anthu. Mwachitsanzo, nyama yodabwitsayi imakonda kugwidwa ndikugulitsidwa ndalama zazikulu kwa osonkhanitsa. M'mayiko ena, kachilombo kameneka kamagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala.
Asayansi, akufufuza kuchuluka kwa kafadala, ndipo anayamba kudziwa zaumoyo. Ngati pali tizilombo tambiri, ichi ndi chisonyezo chabwino kwambiri chosonyeza mkhalidwe wabwino wa chilengedwe m'nkhalangozi.
Kuteteza kwa Hercules Chikumbu
Chithunzi: Hercules Beetle Red Book
Tizilombo ta Hercules ndi kachilombo kolimba, kokongola, komanso kosadziwika. Zaka makumi atatu zapitazo, palibe choopseza kuchepa kwa anthu ake. Komabe, masiku ano kuoneka kwa kachilomboka kukuchepa pang'ono. Pali chiwopsezo chenicheni cha kutha kwa mitunduyi, choncho kachilomboka ka Hercules adalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira.
Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwa kachilomboka m'mayiko ambiri, akuchitapo kanthu kuti abwezeretse kuchuluka kwa nyama. M'malo ena azinyama ku Europe, kusanthula kwakukalamba kwamitunduyo, kuswana kwawo kumachitika.
Kachilomboka ndi chimodzi mwa zikumbu zolimba kwambiri padziko lathuli, zomwe anthu ake atsala pang'ono kutha chifukwa cha kusalingalira bwino kwa munthu kwa chilengedwe. Tizilombo timeneti timathandiza thanzi m'nkhalango, zachilengedwe chonse. Sichiri tizilombo, chonyamula matenda owopsa. Chikumbu Hercules - woyimilira wofunika kwambiri pabanja lake.
Tizilombo ta Hercules: Kufotokozera
Ma Hercules ndi amtundu wa kafadala komanso banja lalikulu la lamellae. Pamodzi ndi kachilomboka ka njovu ndi kachilomboka, ndi gawo la mabowo, kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kuli kakhalidwe pamutu ndi expressionotum. Chifukwa cha mitundu iyi, kachilomboka kotchedwa Hercules amadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwazilombo zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndipo amafika masentimita 12 mpaka 17.
Thupi lake lozungulira lophimba limakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi. Elytra, mutu ndi expressionotum yosalala kuti ikhudze ndikuwala, ngati varn. Tizilombo ta kachilomboka timakhala ndi magawo khumi ndipo timatha ndi timbale ta mbale. Pamawondo ake khumi pali timakhalidwe tating'ono timene timamupangitsa kuti iye azigwiritsitsa nthambi ndi makungwa a mitengo.
Hercules Beetle ili ndi mapiko opangidwa bwino. Amakhala otuluka komanso woderapo. Mitsempha yawo ndi mtundu womwewo, koma wowonekera bwino motsutsana ndi maziko onse. Kuchokera pamwamba amakhala onenepa komanso olimba, ndipo amakhala nthambi kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, amakhala opendekera komanso osawoneka. Mapikowo amafika masentimita 22.
Mtundu wa kachilomboka wa Hercules umasiyanasiyana kutengera chinyezi cha malo okhala. Magawo akutsogolo a thupi lake amakhala akuda utoto wonyezimira, ma elytra amatha kukhala ndi chikasu, maolivi ndi maonekedwe otuwa, omwe amakhala ndi malo amdima akuda. Elytra nthawi zina amakhala ndi mtundu waimvi kapena wamtambo wakuda, koma utoto wotere umakhala wosowa kwambiri.
Magawo ofunikira
Ma Hercules atha kukhala ngwazi padziko lonse lapansi ya kachilomboka - malo ake akuluakulu amafikira kutalika kwa 17.1 mm. Zowona, nyanga zinaphatikizidwanso pano. Ngati mumaganizira za kukula kwa thupi, ndiye chokulirapo kwambiri akadali chihuni.
Kulemera kwa kachilomboka kotchedwa Hercules kumafika magalamu 110. Koma chinthu chomwe ndichopepuka nthawi 850 kuposa phindu lotere chingathe kuyambitsa matenda. Pankhondo ndi chinkhanira kapena kachilomboka, amapambana mosavuta, ndikukweza mdaniyo, kenako ndikumuponyera pambali.
Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi
Ma Hercules ndi kafadala wokhala ndi tanthauzo logonphism. Maonekedwe a akazi ndi amuna ndiosiyana kwambiri mwakuti, kudzera mu umbuli, amatha kulakwitsa chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Akazi a Hercules ndi ochepa kwambiri ndipo amafikira kutalika pafupifupi 4 mpaka 7-8 sentimita. Amakhala ndi khungu loyera komanso mutu wozungulira, wopanda zophukira zilizonse. Elytra wokutidwa ndi ma tubercles ang'ono ndi sparse bulauni. Utoto umafanana ndi utoto wa amuna, koma osati wanzeru kwambiri.
Pakati pa osonkhetsa ndi okonda mankhwala ozunguza bongo, amuna ndiofunika kwambiri. Nyanga ziwiri zochititsa chidwi, zomwe zili pamwamba pa chinzake, zimachoka pamitu yawo, ndikupanga mawonekedwe a nsagwada. Nyanga kumtunda imayatsidwa kumapeto ndipo ili ndi dzino limodzi pakati. Malo ake amkati amakutidwa ndi mitsitsi ya tsitsi lofiira. Nyanga yotsika ndiyakufupikitsidwira ndikuthira kumtunda. Ili ndi mano awiri ndi mbewa yaying'ono kumapeto.
Nyanga za beetle ndi gawo lofunikira mthupi. Amathandizira kuthamangitsa ndikuwopseza adani, komanso kumenyera dona nthawi yamatenga. Yemwe nyanga zake ndizazikulu ndi zamphamvu adzakhalabe wopambana ndipo azitha kubereka ana.
Habitat
Dziko la kachilomboka kotchedwa Hercules ndi maiko a Central ndi South America, komanso a Little Antilles. Amakonda malo onyowa, motero amakhala m'nkhalango zotentha komanso zam'mapiri.
Pali mitundu ingapo 13 ya kachilomboka, yomwe imasiyana mitundu ndi kukula kwake. Yaikulu kwambiri mwa iwo amakhala Guadeloupe, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Peru, ndi Colombia. Oyimira ang'onoang'ono a kachilomboka ka Hercules, mpaka 110 mm kutalika, adapezeka pagawo la chilumba cha Saint Lucia, Mexico ndi zisumbu za Antilles.
Kodi a Hercules Beetle amadya chiyani?
Tizilomboti timasunthira pansi, koma posaka zokoma, amathanso kukwera mbewu zazitali. Chakudya chake chachikulu ndi zipatso zosapsa ndi masamba ogwa, chifukwa chake achikulire amakhala m'nthambi zamitengo, osati patali ndi mitengo. Nthawi zina, chakudya chawo chimathandizidwa ndi tizilombo. Mphutsi za chikumbu zimadya nkhuni zowola, chifukwa chake zimakhala m'nthawi zakale ndi mitengo yakugwa.
M'magawo onse otukuka, adani amawoneka ku Hercules. Mazira awo amawononga nthambo ndi mphutsi za tizilombo tina; pamapeto otsalawo, amasinthidwa ndi ma raccoon, skunks, njoka, mbalame ndi makoswe.
Kubalana ndi Moyo Wazungulira
Kukula kwa nthawi ya kachilomboka kumayamba nthawi yamvula. Pakadali pano, anyamatawa amakhala okwiya ndipo amakhala okonzeka kuchita ndewu ndi aliyense amene angayenerere osankhidwa awo. Ndewu zambiri zimatha ndikumwalira kwa m'modzi wa omenyawo. Koma wopambana amapeza ufulu wokhala wokwatirana.
Hercules yachikazi imatulutsa mazira pafupifupi zana limodzi, omwe amadziyala m'khola la mitengo yowola. Pakatha mwezi ndi theka, mphutsi zazing'ono zimatuluka. Amakula kwa zaka ziwiri, kukula mpaka kukula. Kachilomboka kotchedwa Hercules kamene kali ndi utoto wokhala ndi timiyala tating'ono m'mbali ndi miyendo yofiirira. Pa gawo lotsiriza, amafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 15-17.
Mphutsi yomwe imakula bwino imasanduka chrysalis, pomwe kachilomboka kakangotha masabata asanu ndi limodzi. Poyamba, imakutidwa ndi khungu la bulauni ndipo sikuwoneka wokongola kwambiri. Pakapita kanthawi, kusungunuka kumachitika, ndipo kachilomboka kakuwonekera muulemerero wake wonse. Wachikulire, wachikulire, amakhala pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.