Nsomba ya makerele, buluu nsomba ya makerele vs * Nsomba

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Nsomba ya makerele - nsomba pelagic wa nsomba ya makerele. Scombridae ndi ogwirira kuti moyo mu nyanja lotseguka. Pa kusakasaka, iwo angathe liwiro lalikulu. Mazira ndi mphutsi zimapezeka kokha pafupi magombe.

Nsomba ya makerele zimapezeka Pacific Ocean, pamodzi malire a China ndi kuzilumba Japanese mpaka Australia ndi ku New Zealand pa yakuya mpaka 300 mamita mkhalidwe waukulu malo nsomba -. Iwo ndi madzi kutentha, amene ayenera kukhala mu osiyanasiyana madigiri +8 kuti +20. Kutalika kuti thupi 50 cm kugonana kukhwima kwa zaka 2, ambiri moyo -. Pafupifupi zaka 8.

Usodzi kwa nsomba ya makerele zambiri kugwa pa nthawi kuchokera April kuti October ndi mabwato ophera nsomba. Koma gombe ndi bwino kuyamba nsomba m'chilimwe pachimake - June ndi July.

Ngati nsomba anakwatulidwa m'nyengo yozizira, zikhoza muli 30% mafuta. Mapuloteni mu nsomba ya makerele ndi osachepera 18 ga pa 100 ga mankhwala. Mapuloteni ali nsomba, kwambiri khalidwe ndi m'mimba kangapo mofulumira poyerekeza ndi ng'ombe nyama ndipo ngakhale kalulu.

Pali 18 mitundu ya nsomba ya makerele. Koma makampani chakudya akugwiritsa ntchito mitundu monga:

Milozo kapena Chisipanishi nsomba ya makerele - ndi nthumwi yaikulu ya mitundu. Iwo umakhala mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean, Western Pacific ndi nyanja ya Mediterranean.
Japanese nsomba ya makerele - wamba m'madzi Japan, Korea, North China.
Mwenye mfumu nsomba ya makerele - akukhala pa gombe la kum'mwera chakum'mawa ndi Asia South, ndi kukula kwa masentimita 60 okha.

Zimasiyanitsa zimaonetsa buluu nsomba ya makerele ndi nsomba ya makerele

Nsomba ya makerele - michere wandiweyani nsomba ndi nyama woyera. Ndi mafuta kwambiri, koma pa nthawi yomweyo, ena ankhanza, m'pofunika kuganizira m'kati kuphika.

Nsomba ya makerele kukoma nthawi zambiri poyerekeza ndi kukoma kwa nsomba ya makerele. Ngakhale pafupi zimakhalira pachibale zamoyo nthumwi izi ndi kusiyana kwambiri.

Oimira kukula banja zimasiyanasiyana masentimita 20 kuposa 4.5 m., Ali ndi thupi elongated ndi mphamvu za nsagwada ndi mano lalikulu triangular. Nsomba ya makerele ndi mutu wa mawonekedwe kwambiri.

The zotsatirazi mbali - ndi mtundu wawo.

Nsomba ya makerele thupi yokutidwa ndi mawanga akuda ndi mikwingwirima, amene mitundu ina imachititsa m'mimba imvi kapena chikasu mtundu. Kumbuyo kwa nsomba ya makerele kuwoloka n'kupanga okha osati kuyendera mimba silvery. Kunja, nsomba ya makerele ndi nsomba ya makerele ofanana kwambiri: onse azioneka siliva wonyezimira, mawonekedwe omwewo. Kusiyanaku kugona mu otchedwa zapamwamba "nyalugwe mikwingwirima." Mu nsomba ya makerele ndi pabwino bwino kumbuyo. Koma kuwonjezera nsomba ya makerele amazembera pali akadali ndi mdima mawanga.

nyama nsomba ya makerele ndi wofunika chifukwa cha mafuta ake okhutira ndi kukoma wolemera. nyama yake ndi poterera-pinki mtundu, pamene nsomba ya makerele ndi kupukuta ndithu ndipo si wokongola imvi.

Nsomba ya makerele amatha kusiyanitsa nyama - ndi okhwima kuposa nsomba ya makerele pa nthawi ya kutentha mankhwala yatsala kukhala wouma. N'kupangira ndi wosavuta - kuchotsa mamba safuna, ndi fillet mosavuta anapambulwa pa lokwera wamba mpeni, mafupa yaing'ono iyo.

Zothandiza katundu

Mitundu iyi, zambiri mafuta, kotero musati ntchito ngati chakudya zakudya. Zosakaniza nsomba ya makerele zimasiyanasiyana chifukwa zinthu zotsatirazi:

Nsomba ndaweza m'nyengo yozizira ku M'madera a zitunda kumpoto, imatengedwa mafuta ambiri. Nyama imakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri ndipo kufufuza zinthu (B, B12, C, D, PP, A, K, H) ndi microelements zotsatirazi: sulfure, chlorine, phosphorous, potaziyamu, zina

magalamu 200-300 a nsomba ya makerele kupereka lamulo tsiku la phosphorous!

Phosphorus umakhudza yomanga michere kuti ndi injini zofunika mosiyanasiyana maselo. Komanso, phosphorous Limakhala chigoba minofu, nchifukwa chake nsomba ya makerele zothandiza makamaka ana ndi okalamba.

Nsomba ya makerele rekomenduktsya ndi zosaposa katatu pa mlungu chifukwa cha wokhutira mafuta.

Nsomba ya makerele, ndi chithunzi nsomba

Mfumu nsomba ya makerele - lofunika chakudya chitsanzo, a m'banja la Perciformes nsomba nsomba ya makerele. M'dera la kufalitsa moyo m'madzi ali ndithu zosiyanasiyana, koma makamaka iwo akukhalabe mu Atlantic ndi Ocean Arctic.

Izo akufanana nsomba ya makerele wotchuka, koma ali kusiyana kwake ndi iwo, chimene tikambirana pansipa, mtundu zikuphatikizapo mitundu isanu ndi inayi ya nsomba. Iwo onse amanenedwa ndi thupi yaitali elongated, mphamvu za nsagwada, forked mchira ndipo chitsanzo mkombero padziko kukafika kutsogolo kwa kumbuyo imvi siliva.

Kufotokozera kwa nsomba

Izi mitundu amatchedwanso mfumu nsomba ya makerele. Nsomba ya makerele - nsomba za Perciformes kuti, wa ku banja la nsomba ya makerele.

Common kumeneko, kumene mwachizolowezi nsomba ya makerele. Nsomba ya makerele angapezeke onse mu Ocean Arctic, komanso m'madera ena a m'nyanja ndi chimfine panopa.

Mu nsomba ya makerele yaitali elongated thupi ndi mutu lakuthwa. Iwo ali ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono - otchedwa vestigial, amene amaoneka ngati wanzeru filimu. Mkamwa - kwambiri mano lakuthwa.

Kumbuyo ndi buluu ndi Sheen zitsulo, flanks ndi mimba - mu chikasu ndi siliva. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya thupi ndi mikwingwirima kapena mawanga. Kukula mitundu munthu zimasiyana - kuchokera 0,6 kuti 4.5 m.

Bonito mabanja nsomba amakonda kupatuka sukulu. Iwo ogwirira kuti chakudya pa sardines, anchovies, nyamayi ndi shrimp.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, nsomba ya makerele kawirikawiri amakhala nyama. Iwo sali mantha kudya:

Wapakati moyo wa nsomba - zaka 25.

Kodi osiyana ndi nsomba ya makerele

Amateurs Opusa kudya nsomba sindikudziwa chomwe kusiyana pakati pa nsomba ya makerele ndi nsomba ya makerele. Chifukwa cha ichi, oipa ogulitsa zingagulitsidwe munthu mmodzi pansi, matchalitchi amene amati ndi mzake.

Koma nsomba ndi 4 kusiyana;

Nsomba ya makerele nsomba ya makerele yaitali. kukula Choyamba ndi osachepera 60 cm, pamene m'litali mwa thupi chachiwiri pa avareji 30 cm.
Mimba mwa mitundu yambiri ya nsomba ya makerele woyera, wowala. Mikwingwirima ndi mawanga musati kuyambira ku m'mimba. A pansi nsomba ya makerele ndi utoto imvi kapena wachikasu pa mimba - kulemba.
Nsomba ya makerele nyama mafuta, cheza chofiirira imvi, mu nsomba ya makerele ndi drier ndi kovuta mthunzi wa imvi. Kutentha mankhwala nsomba fillets brightens otsiriza.
Mu yosamveka ikhale pamphuno nsomba ya makerele, nsomba ya makerele mu - lakuthwa, elongated.

Wovulidwa

Milozo nsomba ya makerele kapena bonito Spanish chikupezeka mu Indian ndi Pacific Ocean m'madera ndi zizolowezi ofunda zolimbitsa. Oimira angapezeke mu nyanja ya Atlantic pafupi ndi cisumbu ca St. Helena.

Live nsomba akuya 200 mamita m'litali ukufika mamita 2.4, pazipita kulemera -. Makilogalamu 70. Mmodzi wa ankasirira zikho asodzi. White nyama Spanish bonito amtengo oyang'anira zophika. Zimakwaniritsidwa atsopano, zii kusuta kapena mchere.

Wochuluka nsomba wovulidwa nsomba ya makerele chiwerengero cha nsomba. Iwo anapatsidwa udindo wa "pafupi ndi zinthu osatetezeka."

Chijapani

Japanese achifumu, melkopyatnistaya nsomba ya makerele kapena Savar - nsomba ndi thupi yaitali ndi elongated. Kulemera osati makilogalamu oposa 5 mlingo wa 1 mita.

Savar opezeka pa gombe la China, ku Taiwan, Korea - kum'mwera kwa chilumba cha Hokkaido. Mu Russia, nthawi zina anagwidwa Gulf of Peter Wamkulu.

miyoyo Savar zosakwana zina - pafupifupi 6 zaka, pamene mitundu ina yofikira zaka 20-25.

Japanese nsomba ya makerele anamugwira lalikulu zedi m'nyengo yozizira - nyama ndi mafuta kwambiri. Kugwiritsa seines ndi maukonde.

Royal

Mu Indian mfumu nsomba ya makerele kapena bonito mabanga nyama kwambiri. Ngakhale dzina odzitukumula, kukula kwa nsomba ang'onoang'ono - 60cm Oimira lalikulu kufika masentimita 76 m'litali ..

Koma kulawa nsomba chodabwitsa. Iye akufuna kuti msodzi yemwe amakhala ku India, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia - kumene mwachizolowezi nsomba ya makerele - kapena kani, woimira banja Scombridae.

Nsomba Features

Nsomba ya makerele - nyama wapatali makampani nsomba. Massively nsomba seines ake, longlines ndi gillnets.

Chifukwa Kupha nsomba mosakaza, ena nsomba ali pa zobvuta kutha.

Asodzi komanso si mantha kukakwera nsomba kapena awiri chakudya.

Ndi bwino nsomba m'boti kapena yatchi. Gwiritsani ntchito machesi ndodo, tiwolokere nsomba ndodo kapena kupota. Nyambo suti:

wankhanza - mbedza, chokongoletsedwa ndi zinthu yowala: zojambulazo, nthenga akuda ndi zinthu zina,
yokumba nyambo, amene amagulitsidwa m'masitolo nsomba,
yekha ndi kukula ka 30 cm nsomba zokodwa,
osoweka
Aliyense kudula nsomba.

The nsomba ya makerele wapatali

Koyamba, nyama ya nsomba ya makerele zingaoneke wosaoneka. Ndi chonyansa imvi, nayenso si mafuta ndi olimba. Komabe, nsomba fillet - nkhokwe ya opindulitsa mavitamini ndi mchere.

Total magalamu 300 nsomba popeza chofunika tsiku la phosphorous ndi 400 ga - mu potaziyamu.

Zonse mowa zimathandiza nsomba ya makerele:

kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa, matenda a dongosolo mtima ndi kupuma, matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri,
kupewa nyamakazi psoriasis,
kuwonjezeka mu moyo amayembekezeka - zikomo kwa mafuta zidulo zofunikira ndipo coenzyme Q10,
kulimbikitsa khoma mtima ndi kupewa thrombosis,
kukonza mfundo za mafupa wathanzi ndi mafupa,
kupewa magazi m'thupi ndi thandizo polimbana magazi m'thupi chifukwa cha wokhutira mkulu wa vitamini B12 ndi chitsulo,
normalization wa chithokomiro a yomweyo - zikomo kwa ayodini,
kulimbikitsa potency chifukwa kukhalapo kwa nthaka,
athanzi khungu, tsitsi ndi misomali.

Chifukwa zili fluorine ndi phosphorous Nsomba nsomba ya makerele - zachilengedwe kupewa matenda a M'mimbamo m'kamwa. Kumalimbitsa enamel, kumathandiza chitukuko cha caries, kupunduka mphero woboola pakati, pathological kumva kuwawa, kumalimbitsa m'kamwa.

Kodi onse nsomba ya makerele zothandiza

Mu nsomba ya makerele katundu zambiri zothandiza. Koma ngati ndi china chilichonse, nsomba ndi ntchito kwambiri kapena zosayenera amapweteka.

Musati amalangiza kudya nsomba kuposa kamodzi pa masiku 2-3. Kugwiritsa kudya mafuta nsomba mwina woonda magazi, kuwonjezera magazi kapena kuyambitsa atulukira zilonda ndi erosions.

Kwambiri zothandiza imatengedwa kuti yophika kapena anaphika nsomba ya makerele. Akatswiri a zinthu zakudya musati amalangiza zambiri amadya yokazinga, mchere, kusuta nsomba zamzitini. Ndipo anthu ndi matenda a m'mimba thirakiti, impso, chiwindi, mtima, kunenepa ndi kuchita kuyiwala za njira processing mankhwala.

Ntchito Yophika

Nsomba ya makerele - mmodzi wa mitundu yambiri ya mtengo wapatali ya nsomba mu makampani chakudya. Ndi muyeso wa mafuta, chokoma, ndipo pambuyo kutentha processing nyama kukhala wowala ndi wandiweyani.

A zosiyanasiyana mbale ndi nsomba ya makerele zakutchire. Idyani:

yaiwisi, okoma citric acid, ndi flavorings,
yokazinga,
owiritsa
zowotcha
owiritsa,
kusuta,
mchere,
zamzitini.

Caloric ndi zakudya mtengo

Chifukwa mafuta zili zakudya otsatira amaopa kudya nsomba ya makerele. Koma mantha amenewa ndi zoona. Nsomba lili wathanzi mafuta - Omega-3 acid. Komanso, pali zambiri zinthu zothandiza kuti kusintha kagayidwe ndi thupi matenda.

Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa nsomba mafuta, otsika-kalori. Chiwerengero cha zopatsa mphamvu mu sukulu zosiyanasiyana kuyambira 110 mpaka 158 pa 100 ga

100 ga nsomba lili 6.3 ga mafuta, 19,3 ga mapuloteni ndipo palibe chakudya. Komanso, nsomba ya makerele - nkhokwe ya mchere. The zili zambiri kumaoneka Table.

Izi pafupifupi deta, monga mtengo zakudya ndi chiwerengero cha zinthu macro- ndi kufufuza ndi osiyanasiyana malingana kalasi nsomba, zaka zake, nthawi ya nsomba.

Komanso nsomba ya makerele zambiri mavitamini ndi mchere:

gulu B, makamaka ochuluka a B12,
asidi nicotinic,
ascorbic asidi,
retinol,
calciferol,
phylloquinone,
kupatsidwa folic acid,
biotin.

Momwe mungasankhire

M'mayiko CIS makamaka nsomba ya makerele kunja kwa kunja. Mwamsanga kupulumutsa nsomba nauyang'anire vuto. Wogulitsa ambiri ayamba zidule kuvumbula peremorozhennuyu nyama atsopano.

Choncho, posankha nsomba ya makerele ayenera kulabadira mfundo zotsatirazi:

maso - woyera, osati matope,
fungo - chosiyana pang'ono lokoma, kukoma limasonyeza nsomba stale,
makutu - pinki, wakuda, imvi kapena zofiirira amasonyeza katundu stale,
atamukakamiza nyama ayenera pafupifupi yomweyo limagwirizana,
thupi zonyezimira, kusalaza, ndi ngakhale wa magazi kapena matope,
zachilendo mawanga mdima amasonyeza kuwonongeka kwa nyama ndi.

Kwambiri ndi nsomba kuloza ku msika wa nsomba bwino. Choncho nsomba ya makerele kutaya osachepera zothandiza katundu pa zoyendera.

Kudya stale nsomba ya makerele kuyambitsa kuledzera. Mu Kalanga auka Gourmet kutentha, kudzakhala kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, kunyansidwa, kuchepa madzi m'thupi, kupweteka. Zikavuta wa edema angioneurotic, tingayambe imfa. Woopsa zotsatira - osungira nyama chifukwa chiphe nsomba. Komabe nkwabwino kuti agule katundu watsopano, ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda.

Kodi kusunga nsomba

okonda chakudya akulangizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito chabe nsomba ya makerele atsopano. Iwo amaona kuti pamene zii amalakatika mavitamini katundu opindulitsa kuwonongedwa, mchere ndi amino zidulo.

Koma ngati n'koyenera angakhale masiku angapo kusunga chilled nyama. Izo aikidwa mu mbale kwambiri galasi, ali wodzazidwa ndi ayezi wosweka ndi kumanzere wamba chipinda cha firiji a.

Ngati pali Akufunika, nsomba ya makerele mazira. Pre-kufunika:

wopha nyama - kuchotsa zam'mimba, osalidwa mchira ndi zipsepse, ngati n'koyenera - kuchotsa msana ndi osiyana mutu,
nadzatsuka pansi madzi - kuphika analangiza chabe misozi ndi matawulo pepala nyama ku nyama odzipereka madzi,
magawo youma,
anaika mu chidebe ndi kulitumiza ilo mu mufiriji.

Pezani zamkati mwa nsomba bwino kudzera ang'ambe thupilo mmbuyo, osati pa mimba yake. Iwo amasonkhana pamimba mafuta nsomba. Ngati inu kupanga ang'ambe thupilo mu pamimba, thunthu tisamadandaule succulence.

Njira lokonzekera

Adalipo nsomba ya makerele kwa zophikira - mwatsopano nyama za makilogalamu 0.5. nsomba ndi amtengo mafuta ndi yowutsa mudyo.

Bwino kutenga nyama ndi mutu - ndi kudula ake kuchokera mbali ya madzi atayika, ndi nyama akukhala wankhanza ndi youma.

Nsomba, amene anakonza zinthu, kutenga msana ndi kuchotsa mafupa lalikulu. Komanso, kusiya mutu wanu kuti muyang'ane mbale zooneka.

Pa dera la CIS mayiko nsomba ya makerele si wamba. Chotero, palibe fuko mbale. Koma akwanira m'mayiko ena:

Mu Latin America, kukonzekera otchedwa ceviche. Izi mbale yaiwisi nsomba fillet; flavored ndi mandimu, tsabola ndi mchere.
The Japanese komanso kudya nsomba ya makerele yaiwisi. Kupatula mandimu, mchere ndi tsabola mmenemo kuwonjezera msuzi soya, wasabi, fillets atakulungidwa mu matope ndi mpunga.
Mu Italy, anakonza zophikidwa nsomba poto. Ake atsopano, kuchotsa zipsepse mutu, mchira, viscera. Kukonzedwa nyama kugona kwambiri Frying chiwaya ndi pansi wandiweyani. Flavored ndi mandimu, nandolo Black tsabola, Bay tsamba, kuwonjezera capers masamba zolimba. Kutsanulira nsomba ya makerele madzi kuti kwathunthu kumizidwa mu madzi. Ikani mu uvuni ndi kuphika kwa theka la ola. Konzani nsomba muvale mbale, kutsanulira mafuta ndi kutumikira.
Mu France, nsomba mwachangu. Chinsinsi romantics - sauces. Nsomba ya makerele anatumikira ndi msuzi wa bowa, fennel, chotchezera, jamu.
Spain ali wolemekezeka sharpness mbale. Apa nsomba ya makerele molemera flavored ndi tsabola wamtali ndi mpiru. Paneer mu breadcrumbs ndi kuphika. Anatumikira ndi sheri iye pochepetsa, amene ngakhale pudding amatchedwa "wamakani nsomba ya makerele."
Israeli ali okonzeka casserole wa nsomba fillets. Mu blender wosweka nyama sliced, mbatata, anyezi yaiwisi yophika. Kuwonjezera 1 tbsp. L. wowuma, mchere, chitowe ndi tsabola woyera. Bwinobwino wosanganiza ndi yokazinga mu poto kapena zophikidwa mawonekedwe a galasi mu ng'anjo ya magetsi kapena mayikirowevu uvuni.
Mu England, nsomba kudya mchere kapena kusuta.

njira kwa processing zambiri nsomba ya makerele. Izo yophika kapena steamed, ndiye flavored ndi msuzi wowawasa.Njira yabwino yodya ndikuphika mu uvuni wowotchera nyama, wowaza ndi mandala, mphete za anyezi, cloves wa adyo kapena wokometsedwa ndi kirimu wowawasa.

Nsomba ya makerele zaposachedwapa anaonekera pa maalumali Russian. Imathandiza, ili ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi - mutha kupewa matenda a mtima, mitsempha yam'mimba, masculoskeletal system, mahomoni a mahomoni.

Kodi alipidwa nsomba ya makerele

Mutha kukumana ndi nsomba m'maiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Oimira mtunduwu amapezeka pagombe la Africa, America, Europe, pakadali pano, chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu chimakhazikika, monga momwe tawonera pamwambapa, m'madzi a Atlantic ndi Arctic Ocean. Nsomba ya makerele opezeka mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean, izo Tingaone mu Pacific, ndipo nthawi zina anthu ena inadza asodzi mu Mediterranean ndi Nyanja North.

Kutentha kwambiri kwamadzi kwa mackerel kumachokera ku +8 mpaka + 19 madigiri. M'nyengo yozizira, moyo wam'madzi umakhala mozama pafupifupi 200 metri, nthawi yotentha imakwera pang'ono, chifukwa chake, mackerel sangakhale ndipo sakhala m'madzi ndi mitsinje.

Njira ya moyo

Mackerel ndi nsomba yolusa, ili ndi nsagwada zamphamvu zam'mano, yomwe imagwira nyama yake - nsomba yaying'ono yomwe imakhala pafupi nawo. Amakonzekereratu kuti mackerel azikhala m'makomo aang'ono pafupi ndi miyala ya coral kapena pafupi ndi miyala, komwe amadzipezera chakudya. Kodi kusewera bwino anthu amenewa ndi nthumwi yaikulu ya kuya m'madzi - nsombazo, nsomba, etc., umene iwo akufunafuna ndi nkhomaliro zokoma.

Kusokonezeka M'banja la Mackerel

Mackerel, monga mackerel eniake, ndi am'banja la mackerel lodziwika bwino. Chifukwa chakuti ogula Chingelezi ndi anazolowera kukhala Asilavo wotchedwa kuti nsomba ya makerele nsomba ya makerele, pamene imports kuyambira mavuto pamodzi ndi kuzindikira.

Kukula kwa nthumwi za banja ili zimasiyana kutalika, nthawi zina kufika pamtunda wautali mita. Koma, mosasamala za mtundu womwewo, amakhalabe adyera. Akatswiri amanena kuti nsomba ya makerele ndi penapake lalikulu kuposa "anzake" amene nthawi zonse osokonezeka. Matanthauzidwe ake amaphatikizapo mtembo wokwera, komanso zibwano zamphamvu, pomwe mano owoneka ngati patali amapezeka kuti agwire nyama mosavuta. Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi nyanja zotentha, momwe mumakhala miyala kapena miyala ya coral.

Akatswiri mu thupi mwa mitundu amaonedwa kukhala awiri Mabaibulo: Spanish ndi milozo. Nthawi zambiri amagwira osati pagombe la Indian Ocean, komanso kumadera akumadzulo kwa Pacific Ocean. Musadabwe ndi oyendetsa ake omwe amapita kukasodza ku Mediterranean. Milozo wokongola makamaka bwino kusiyana chifukwa magulu wapadera kink ndi kuwala kwa pamimba. Palinso subspecies yaku Japan, yomwe, monga dzinalo limatanthawuzira, limakonda madzi aku Japan, komanso limapezeka m'madzi aku Korea ndi kumpoto kwa China. Nthawi zambiri kulemera kwake sikupitirira ma kilogalamu asanu. Ngati inu anakwanitsa kugwira chimphona, yembekezerani pa thupi la za wina mita m'litali.

Ngakhale kuti mtundu wachifumu wachi Spanish umawoneka kuti ndi wamkulu, kutengera dzina, kwenikweni kukula kwake kokwanira. Anthu payokha sakhala ndi chizindikiro cha masentimita 60. Mgwireni zinamuyendera pa kum'mwera kapena kum'mwera kum'mawa Asia. Zakudya zamtundu wazomwe zimadya zimadalira masiku onse pakudya za nkhono, ma eels. Koma ngati sikunali kotheka kugwirizanitsa ana ang'onoang'ono kapena chakudya china chokhazikika, ndiye kuti mbalame zam'mimbamo zimangosaka nsomba zazing'onong'ono zomwe, zomwe sizingatheke.

Koma ziribe kanthu mtundu wanji wa ophika anaganiza kuphika, adzakhala wokhutitsidwa ndi zotsatira zake zomalizira za makhalidwe kwambiri kukoma. Ngati mukudziwa kuphika kotereku, muyenera kusankha achifumu. Ali ndi nyama yoyera yoyera, yomwe yochepetsa kutentha kwambiri ingasangalatse okhutira wazakudya.

Kubereka ndi spawning

Caviar amaponyedwa m'malo, ndipo ndi nsomba zambiri. Kukula kwa anthuwa kumayambira m'mwezi woyamba wa masika ndikutha kumapeto kwa chilimwe, chimake chachikulu cha kubereka, monga akatswiri ati, chimachitika m'mwezi wa Meyi.

Pakuti spawning oimira mtundu uwu akusankha mashelefu mabacteria m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Mackerel amaponyera mazira pamtunda womwewo, pomwe amakhala kwambiri nthawi yozizira - mamita 180-200. Nthawi imodzi, wamkazi amatha kusesa mazira hafu chikwi, awiriwo ngati dzira limodzi ndi pafupifupi 1 mm. Aliyense dontho mazira munali mafuta, imene pa kutentha otsika (mpaka madigiri 13) mu larva osauka. Kupanga kotereku kumatenga pafupifupi sabata, pomwe nthawi imeneyi mphutsi zimamera ndi milimita angapo ndikulowa m'madzi.

Mwachangu yemwe amabadwa amakula mwachangu kwambiri. Ngati mazira akhala kulephereka mu May, adzakula munthu chiyambi cha August ndi kutalika masentimita 5-6, ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi 12-13 masentimita. Mu autumn, nsomba ya makerele kufika 16-18 masentimita kukula, ndi chifuniro zikuoneka wathunthu, koma sizinathe osati nsomba yayikulu kwambiri. Kukula kogwira ntchito kwambiri kwa anthu okhala m'madzi mu nthawi yoyambira kubadwa mpaka kutha. Wamng'ono nsomba, liwiro ilo limakula ndi mbali. Kutalika kwa thupi la mackerel kukafika 30-32 masentimita, kukula kwa anthu kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, tsopano amakula pang'ono.

Momwe Mungapangire Mackerel Mosangalatsa

Nsomba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika, ndi yophika, stewed, yokazinga, kukazinga, zophikidwa mauvuni, kuphika kwa khutu lake, kupanga mousses kwa masangweji, anatumikira mu naomba ndi tchizi.

Mutha kuphika mackerel mu poto, mu uvuni, pamakala amoto, mu poto. Ndikwabwino kuti mutenge mafilimu a nsomba kuti muziphika, ngakhale mafupa sakhala ang'onoang'ono, ndizosavuta kuchotsa kuchokera mbale yotsirizidwa.

masitolo Tingaone nsomba ya makerele mchere kapena kusuta ndiponso mu machitidwe Zakudya Zam'nyanja ndi amazipanga chokoma ndi zothandiza.

Zambiri

Mackerel ndi nsomba yochokera ku banja lachi mackerel. Anthu a mayiko Chingelezi amatchedwa nsomba ya makerele nsomba ya makerele, izo zimayambitsa chisokonezo. Nsomba za banja la mackerel zimatha kukhala zazitali kwambiri - kuchokera pa 60 cm mpaka 4.5, koma banja lonse la nsombazi, mosasamala kanthu za kukula, ndi la adani.

Ma Mackerel ndi okulirapo pang'ono kukula kuposa ma mackerel enieni, ali ndi thupi lalitali komanso nsagwada zamphamvu zokhala ndi mano akulu akulu. Nsomba zimenezi sizachilendo m'nyanja ofunda pafupi magombe amiyala ndi moti matanthwe.

Strke kapena Spanish mackerel ndiye woimira wamkulu wamtunduwu. Amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Indian Ocean, kumadzulo kwa Pacific Ocean komanso munyanja ya Mediterranean. Chekeni wovulidwa nsomba ya makerele yosiyana ku mitundu ina ya mtundu wa magulu akuluakulu kink ndi opepuka mimba. Mackerel aku Japan ndiofala m'madzi a Japan, Korea, ndi North China. Nthawi zambiri, masekeli mpaka 5, amafika kutalika kopitilira mita imodzi. Mwenye mfumu nsomba ya makerele amakhala ku gombe la kum'mwera chakum'mawa ndi Asia South ndipo amakula ndi masentimita 60 okha.

Nsomba za Mackerel zimagawidwa ngati wadyera, chifukwa m'malo mwachilengedwe amadya ma cephalopods, ma eels a mchenga, ana a herring, plankton, nsomba zam'madzi, ndi zina zambiri. Royal mackerel imasiyanitsidwa ndi nyama yoyera yoyera, yomwe ili ndi zida zambiri zofunikira komanso kukoma kwambiri.

Kodi kusiyana nsomba ya makerele ndi nsomba ya makerele

Anthu ambiri amafunsa funso kuti mackerel ndi mackerel ndi chinthu chomwecho kapena ayi. Ayi, nsomba izi ndi zamtundu womwewo, koma mitundu yosiyana, ngakhale ilinso ndi mitundu yofananira yakunja ndi yamkati.

Pali kusiyana angapo nsomba izi:

Mackerel ndi wamkulu kwambiri komanso wautali kuposa mackerel.
Ma Mackerel kumbuyo kwake amakhala ndi mawanga akuda kwambiri kapena mikwingwirima, pomwe mackerel, nawonso, ali ndi mtundu wa tiger kumbuyo konse.
Poyerekeza nsomba ya makerele ndi nsomba ya makerele sakhala wandiweyani ndi mafuta nyama, ngakhale sali zochepa wolemera mu zakudya ndi zinthu.

Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhani yathu ndiyothandiza kwa inu, ndipo tsopano mutha kuyankha funsoli molondola mackerel, nsomba zamtundu wanji ndi kumene amakhala, chifukwa motalika chotani inu kugula nsomba mu Russia, zimene umakoma, ndi momwe angathe kukonzekera.

Kalori Mackerel

Mafuta ambiri mu mackerel amachititsa munthu kukayikira zopezeka kalori ochepa. Ndipo kotero kawirikawiri ntchito zakudya zakudya. Koma izi ndizongoganizira chabe, chifukwa kupeza mafuta kuchokera ku mackerel ndikovuta kwambiri. Kupatula apo, ngakhale mu nsomba yamafuta kwambiri padzakhala zopatsa mphamvu zochepa kuposa zinthu zilizonse za ufa kapena chimanga. Choncho yaiwisi nsomba ya makerele lili 113,4 yekha kcal. Mackerel aku Spain omwe amaphika pamoto ali ndi 158 kcal, ndi yemweyo yemweyo - 139 kcal. Raw king mackerel ali ndi 105 kcal, ndipo yophika kutentha - 134 kcal.

Tinganene kuti nsomba izi zikhoza bwinobwino amadya chakudya pamene kuyambira ngakhale ogulitsa alibe m'malo yaikulu zakudya kuti alipo mu izo.

Kuzifutsa mackerel

Kwa marinade mudzafunika mchere (supuni ziwiri), uzitsine wa tsabola wakuda, masamba awiri a 2-3 Bay, viniga ya mpunga (supuni 1). Mchere ndi zonunkhira kuti wothira 800 ml ya madzi, chithupsa, kozizira, onjezerani wosasayo. Dulani mackerel ndikuyika mwamphamvu mumtsuko ndi mphete za anyezi, zitsamba, tsabola wofiyira ndi ma cloves a adyo, kutsanulira marinade ndikuchoka usiku. Tsiku lotsatira mudzakhala ndi nsomba yokoma kwambiri, yokrayidwa ndi mchere komanso yokometsera yokonzekera.

Kusuta nsomba ya makerele

Monga nsomba yamafuta aliwonse, mackerel ndi abwino kusuta. Nthawi zambiri, imasuta mackerel ndipo imagulitsidwa m'misika, koma sizovuta kuphika kunyumba ngati muli ndi fodya. Kuti tichite zimenezi, nsomba Pre-mchere mu brine ndiyeno kusuta kukhala zachilengedwe nkhuni tchipisi. Njira yayitali ndi kusuta kozizira pa kutentha kwa 20-25C. Zimatenga maola 8 mpaka 12. Kusuta wosachedwa 80-120S kutentha akutenga zosakwana ola limodzi.

Bonito

Pelamida alinso a banja la mackerel ndipo ndi amitundu inayi:
• bonito waku Australia,
• East,
• waku Chile,
• Atlantic (Sarda sarda).
Pa maalumali Russian mudzapeza kwambiri Atlantic mitundu bonito. Imayikidwa m'mphepete mwa gombe la America, Africa ndi Europe, komanso ku Pacific ndi Pacific Ocean. Ichi ndi nsomba yayikulu yolusa. wamkulu bonito kutalika gawo ukufika 60-65 masentimita; kulemera - makilogalamu 3-4.
Nsomba izi sizodziwika bwino pakati pa akatswiri azolowera zoweta ngati mackerel ndi mackerel. Nthawi yomweyo, ndimakoma kwambiri komanso athanzi. Nyama bonito mafuta mofanana nsomba ya makerele. Amaphika, kuphika, kuwazidwa, kuwonjezeredwa ku saladi ndi mbale zazikulu.

Tiyi

Tuna - chimodzi chofunika kwambiri ndi otchuka lonse oimira dziko la nsomba ya makerele banja. Izi nsomba zamalonda zimawonedwa ngati zokoma. Tuna imakhala ndi nyama yofiira, yomwe imatikumbutsa mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a nyama yamwana wamkati. Ndi pang'ono mafuta ndi zambiri zomanga thupi zakudya.

Mitundu ingapo ya nsomba imapezeka munyanja. Odziwika kwambiri mwaiwo ndi nsomba wamba (ofiira), a Atlantic (akuda ndi oyera, akuda), buluu, achikasu kapena achikasu-ta ta tuna, albacore kapena nsomba yoyera (mtunduwu umakhala ndi nyama yofewa komanso yofunika kwambiri).

Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha nsomba kamapangikira China Court, Japan, Taiwan, Indonesia ndi Spain. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zamtundu wapamwamba zimalimidwa mwaluso pamafamu omwe ali munsi mwa nyanja ya Mediterranean ndi Nyanja ya Japan. Madzi amchere, carpaccio ndi tartare amapangidwa kuchokera ku tuna.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji yoyenera?

Popeza anachitira ndi chakuti nsomba, anthu ndi kuyamba kudabwa momwe kuwasiyanitsa ndi odana wosatha.

Akatswiri amakumbutsa kuti ma mackerel enieniwo amawonekera motsutsana ndi maziko a mackerel omwe ali ndi izi:

imvi, nthawi zina imakhala yotuwa,
Mzere thupi lonse,
zazikulu zazikulu
nyama ya coarser.

Akukhulupirira kuti kusiyana m'magazini kukoma makamaka noticeable. Koma ma gourmets amakonda kuwonjezera pa saladi nthawi zambiri kuposa "mlongo wam'ng'ono".

Kuti mbale yoyembekezeredwa ipite patsogolo, akatswiri amalangizidwa kusankha magawo okhawo omwe akadali ndi maso owoneka bwino ndi ma galoni apinki. Ngati kukakamiza chitsanzo atsopano, recess ndi aumbike kuti nthawi yomweyo angaimbidwenso.

Kununkhira kwatsopano kumakhala ndi fungo labwino pang'ono. Koma fungo lililonse lolimba monga kununkhira kwa nsomba likuwonetsa kuti wogulitsa anali kuyesa kupatsa malonda moyo wachiwiri kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena owonjezera. Ngati wogulitsa sayankha sniff yogula tsogolo, n'zotheka kuti malire ndi kuyendera masomphenya.

Chosakaniza chachikulu chamtsogolo chikhale chonyezimira komanso chonyowa pang'ono. Ma ndima omwe ali ndi malo owuma komanso osalala, mitsempha yamagazi ndi zina zodabwitsa siziyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wofika patebulo la ogula.

Kuwonjezera kufuna amadzipereka ku chakudya zachilendo, anthu ayenera kukumbukira otchedwa mtunda ulamuliro. Kupita patali ndi malo ogwiritsiridwira ntchito, kupezako chakudya chopatsa thanzi. Ndipo pambuyo pake, chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha kukhala ozunzidwa ndi poizoni wa chakudya chimawonjezera izi.

Mitembo amene kuzizira ndi thawing kangapo, kukhala malo abwino kwambiri okhala zosiyanasiyana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pakangopita maola ochepa, amasintha ma amino acid kuti akhale poizoni, ndikupangitsa kuti ogula azikhala ndi mseru, kusanza, kupweteka m'mutu ndi zina "zosangalatsa" za kuledzera. Chifukwa cha izi, ma cookies amalimbikira kunena kuti kuphika zakudya zophika sikutanthauza chilichonse popanda kukhoza kusankha chabwino.

Ndizosowa kudula

Musanayambe kuphika mackerel mu mtundu uliwonse, muyenera kudula bwino. Ophekera odziwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amasankha anthu akuluakulu kuchokera theka la kilogalamu kuti mtembo ukhale wonenepa pang'ono. Koma maganizo ndi kudula mutu wake ayenera anasiya zonse, makamaka ngati mukufuna kupitiriza kukolola mchere. Izi zimafotokozeredwa ndikuti nyamayi yataya zina zamadzimadzi ndipo chakudya chophika chidzakhala chouma kapena chokhwima.

Malo ogulitsa ambiri amakhala ndi matanthauzidwe achisanu, chifukwa kudula kumene simukuyenera kudikirira kuti muthawire. Ayenera anachoka mu thanki kwa ogulidwa madzi zinyalala owonjezera Sichikhala yaitali. Ngati defrost ipita kumapeto, ndiye kuti zidutswazo sizituluka bwino komanso molondola.

Gawo lina lamavuto ndilokayikira za kufunika kosamba pansi pamadzi. Ophika ndi zinachitikira kupukuta akusowekapo pepala chopukutira m'malo wosambitsa zonse, mwinamwake pa fillets msanga raskisnet.

Kupitanso apo, kumafunikira kudula mutu ndi mchira, kenako ndikupanga kupendekeka kumodzi ndi mpeni. Zomwe zimaphatikizidwa zimachotsedwa kudzera pabowo. chinsinsi ichi nthawi kusukulu zophikira, pamene anthu wamba mu akale chikachita kuchotsedwa mkati mwa mimba. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira yowonjezerayi ichitike pamakhala mafuta ambiri a nsomba, omwe amangoyikidwa m'mimba. Ngati idulidwa pamimba, ndiye kuti pake yophikika imataya kwambiri madzi ake amkati, ndikusintha mtembo kukhala wowotcha. Ndi kufunika kuchotsa zamkati akadali pa siteji pamene kugula unfreeze mpaka mapeto, ndipo kenako okha kuchotsa wakuda filimu.

Ngati zinthu zokutira zakonzedwa, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchotsa kachulukidwe ndi mafupa ena. Koma mitu ndi mchira ziyenera kusiyidwa, kuti chithandizo chotsirizidwa chikuwoneka bwino kwambiri.

Mumaganiza Global

Dziko lililonse lili ndi maphikidwe ake okhala ndi mackerel. Ndemanga zokangalika makamaka mukamalawa mbale ndi nsombazi zimalandiridwa ndi malo odyera omwe cholinga chake ndi nsomba zam'madzi izi. Italy amakonda kuphika thanzi chofunika mu chiwaya Frying, kuwonjezera apo piquant kuvala ongokhala mandimu, Bay tsamba, tsabola wakuda, capers.

Kenako mu chidebe wapangidwa pafupifupi pamwamba pa madzi ndi kutumiza mankhwala semifinished mu uvuni kwa pafupi maminiti makumi awiri. Pambuyo pa nthawi yoikidwiratu, mtembowo umangochotsedwa poto, kuikidwa mosamala mbale, kuwazidwa ndi mafuta a azitona ndikudya pomwepo. Musati kwanthawi kumbuyo anzawo European Afalansa amene oveteredwa nsomba ya makerele ndi zaka zingapo zapitazo.

Only mmalo mwa muyezo ya zonunkhira iwo amakonda zokometsera woyera msuzi, kuonetsanso Kuwonjezera fennel ndi gooseberries.

A Briteni adafunsa funso lophika kwambiri. Iwo ali ponseponse sitolo pali thematic zokoma kuzifutsa nsomba, kusuta kapena kusintha. A Spain sanakonde mbale amene walandira mantha dzina "mdierekezi nsomba ya makerele." Dzina lake silinaperekedwe kokha, koma chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa tsabola wa tsabola wa cayenne ndi mpiru pakapangidwe. A lakuthwa chithunzi pang'ono brightens kupatula nyenyeswa za chidulo ndi kudya chakudya ndi sheri.

Zopatsa kalori ndi kapangidwe kake

Chifukwa chakuti wokondedwa anapereka Yang'ananibe Motani Zimene Zimakhala Zofunikadi kudabwa mafuta chachikulu, ambiri adzakhala basi perekani izo zakudya msasa wandiweyani. Koma zowona zakezi ndizongokakamiza chabe, popeza nthawi yophunzira labotale zidapezeka kuti mitundu yamafuta kwambiri idaposa 158 kcal pa magalamu zana. chithunzi ndi zina mwa nyama mwayeretsa, zomwe kukonza kutentha. Ngati ife kulankhula za kalembedwe Spanish mu maonekedwe ake yaiwisi, ndiyeno panali pang'ono pa zopatsa mphamvu 110. Mukawotcha, imasunga kwathunthu zomwe zili zoyambira kalori.

The zambiri kuwapeza ofufuza kupereka zifukwa kulemba nsomba ya makerele mu chiwerengero cha chakudya matenda amene makamaka waife othamanga ndi otsatira ena a moyo wathanzi.

Akatswiri akuchenjeza kuti khola zikuchokera nsomba simungathe mumfuna, popeza zimasiyanasiyana malinga mfundo zitatu izi:

zaka
nthawi yokolola,
malo.

Ngati mapangidwewo adabwera kuchokera kumtunda wakumpoto, atagwidwa nthawi yozizira, ndiye kuti mungathe kuyembekezera zamafuta onenepa. Koma mbali vitamini ndi mchere zovuta toyesa onse ndi ntchito zofanana, chifukwa zotsatirazi: mavitamini B, C, PP, A, R, N, D, phosphorous, sulfure, potassium chlorine, calcium, magnesium ndi sodium wochuluka. magalamu 300 zoterozo nsombazi tsiku ponseponse wa phosphorous, ndi magalamu 400 potaziyamu kupereka zofunika tsiku ndi tsiku.

Koma ngakhale kuphatikiza pazomwe tatchulazi, pali ena angapo, omwe, ngakhale ochepa, koma popanda iwo, kugwira ntchito kwamkati kwamkati kumakhala kotetezeka.

Tikuyankhula zokhudza ayodini chitsulo, molybdenum, cobalt. Makamaka Taphunziranso goodies atagwa, pamene zili mafuta zidulo Omega-3 mtundu izo masikono chabe. Ndikuphatikiza kokhazikika kwa zakudya zopangidwa ndi mackerel kuzakudya, ndizotheka kuchita zopewera zabwino:

Osati kanthu kuti Japanese, okonda wokhala izi mwa nyanja ndi nsomba zina amadziwika moyo wautali awo. Mothandizidwa zidulo mafuta kusunga ziwiya unyamata, chifukwa pa kubwezeretsa zonse amino zidulo pa mlingo ma kupewa kufala kwa magazi kuundana. Magazi onenepa, Omega-3 amachititsanso kuti makoma amitsempha azikhala otanuka.

asayansi a ku Britain ndi malipoti awo posachedwapa anamasulidwa nkhani luso mafuta nsomba msanga ukalamba. Ngati ife kuwonjezera kuchepetsa izi chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, likukhalira pophika pafupifupi wangwiro ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.

Chida china chachinsinsi cha nsombayi ndi vitamini B12, yemwe amatenga nawo gawo pazogwiritsira ntchito zamafuta ndikupangitsa kuti mafuta asokonekera. Pambuyo neutralization mafuta ali m'thupi la mwachibadwa, poyeretsa m'thupi.

Ndi kulamulira ma DNA kaphatikizidwe, vitamini imalankhula rejuvenation. Ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la hypoxia.

Koma chifukwa cha "omanga fupa" - phosphorous ndi calcium, ogula adzasamalira thanzi la mafupa anu. Taphunziranso kuti mankhwala ndi ofunika okalamba ndi ana mu nyengo ya kukula yogwira. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kudalira thandizo ndi ululu wophatikizika. Mchere imene amapanga fillets, ndi udindo kusowa mpweya wa maselo chichereŵechereŵe.

The chenjezo yekha mu mtima kugwilizana ndi mfundo zonse ukhondo chifukwa yosungirako ndi kukonzekera wotsatira, kupewa ngozi poyizoni.

Kuphatikizika ndi kupezeka kwa michere

Zosakaniza nsomba ya makerele siyana malingana ndi m'badwo, malo ndi nthawi ya nsomba. Wagwidwa yozizira mu M'madera a zitunda chakumpoto fattest nsomba ya makerele, ndipo nthawi zina okhutira mafuta kungakhale kwa kawiri zochepa. Nyama ya Mackerel ndi wolemera kwambiri muzinthu zazing'ono ndi zazikulu, mavitamini.

Mu zikuchokera nsomba pafupifupi mavitamini onse a gulu B, kuphatikizapo B12, vitamini C, D, PP, pang'ono zochepa mavitamini A, K, N. Komabe limapangidwa macroelements: sulfure, chlorine, phosphorous, potaziyamu, calcium, sodium, magnesium . 300 magalamu a mackerel ali ndi zofunikira tsiku lililonse za phosphorous, ndipo magalamu 400 adzaza chakudya chofunikira cha potaziyamu tsiku lililonse.

Ikani kufufuza amafotokozera mu mankhwala chimodzimodzi. Mu nsomba ya makerele lili nthaka, chitsulo, ayodini, manganese, mkuwa, fluorine, ang'ono ndalama - faifi tambala, mafoni, chromium ndi cobalt.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera

Mackerel (Scomberomorus) ndi nthumwi ya kalasi ya mackerel. gulu limeneli lili mitundu yoposa 50 ya nsomba. Ena mwa iwo ndi dziko wotchuka nsomba, nsomba ya makerele, nsomba ya makerele. Nsomba zonse zimaphatikizidwa mgulu la ma radiyo. nthumwi zake zimapezeka padziko lonse, ndipo gulu lokha akuti ndi waukulu wa genera ndi mitundu zikuchokera.

Video: nsomba ya makerele

Mitundu yotsatirayi ya mackerel a mtundu wina wa Scomberomorus:

avstraliskaya (wideband). Umapezeka malo mitsinje m'nyanja. Malo okhalamo nyama zam'madzi za Indian Ocean,
kvinndsleyskaya. Habitat - madzi otentha ya Indian Ocean ndi Central ndi South West Pacific,
Malagasy (mabatani ambiri). Moyo mu madzi kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa Atlantic, komanso madzi kumadzulo ya Indian Ocean,
Japanese (melkopyatnistaya). Nsomba zotere zimakhala makamaka kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Pacific,
Australia (mabanga). Kumachitika mu madzi kum'mawa ya Indian Ocean ndi Western Pacific,
Papuan. Iwo amakhala chapakati-kumadzulo Pacific Ocean,
Spanish (mabanga). Imapezeka mu Atlantic Ocean (mbali zake kumpoto chakumadzulo komanso pakati kumadzulo),
Korea. Chikupezeka mu Indian ndi Pacific (a kumpoto-kumadzulo madzi) nyanja,
ntambo wamtali. Miyoyo ya Indian Ocean ndi Western ku Central Pacific madzi,
Wamawangamawanga bonito. Habitat - Northwest Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean,
osakwatiwa-akuda (California). Imapezeka mu chapakati-kum'mawa Pacific Ocean,
wamambo amfumu. Habitat - madzi kumadzulo kwa Pacific, ndipo zotentha Indian Ocean,
Royal. Imapezeka m'madzi a Nyanja ya Atlantic,
Brazil. Umapezeka ya Atlantic.

Nsomba zimasiyana osati momwe zimakhalira (nyanja), komanso mwakuya. Mwachitsanzo, kuya pazipita amene alipidwa Spanish nsomba ya makerele si upambana mamita 35-40. Motero anthu malagayskie opezeka pa mtunda wa mamita 200 kuchokera pamwamba pa madziwo. Kunja, ma mackerel onse ndi ofanana. kusiyana Minor mu miyeso okhudzana malo okhala.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Photos: Kodi nsomba ya makerele

Kodi mukuganiza kuti mackerel ndi mackerel ndi ofanana? Izi ndizolakwika kwathunthu.

Zizindikilo makrelevidnyh anthu awa:

kukula kwake. Nsomba wokongola kwambiri kuposa anzawo mu kalasi. Thupi lawo limakhala lalitali ndipo limakhala losiyanasiyana. woonda mchira,
mutu. Mosiyana ndi mackerel, mackerel ali ndi mutu wamfupi komanso wofupi,
pachibwano. Nsomba ya makerele - eni mphamvu pachibwano. Zachilengedwe zinawapatsa iwo mano amphamvu ndi amakono atatu, chifukwa cha nsomba ndi kusaka,
mtundu. Mbali yaikulu ya makrelevidnyh - pamaso pa mawanga. Nthawi yomweyo, kutalika kwa mizere yayikulu ndikofunikira kuposa ma mackerel. thupi utoto silvery wonyezimira hue.

Oimira kalasi kufika kutalika 60 (ndipo kwambiri) masentimita. Izi nsomba kunenepa.

Chosangalatsa: Young nsomba ya makerele mackerels kenanso. Komabe iwo amakodwa ndi anglers. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamtunduwu - palibe chifukwa chogwira ana aang'ono.

Nsomba ya makerele alinso zipsepse awiri dorsal, komanso zipsepse ang'onoang'ono thupi. zipsepse m'chiuno zili umakhala pafupi bere. Mchirawo ndiwotalika, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Mamba oimira bonito kakang'ono kwambiri ndipo pafupifupi unnoticeable. flake umachuluka kukula kwa mutu. Chofunikira kwambiri mwa nsomba izi ndi mphete yafupa kuzungulira maso (mawonekedwe a mamembala onse a mkalasi).

Kodi akhalabe nsomba ya makerele?

Photo: nsomba ya makerele Nsomba

Malo okhala mitundu ya mackerel ndi osiyanasiyana.

Pali nsomba m'madzi:

Ocean Indian - wachitatu waukulu nyanja ya Earth. Zatsuka Asia, Africa, Australia, komanso malire a Antarctica. Mu nsomba ya makerele imeneyi imapezeka mu madzi Australia ndipo Asian. Apa amakhala kumalo akuya mamita 100,
Nyanja ya Pacific ndiye nyanja yoyamba kukula, kufalitsa madzi ake pakati pa Australia, Eurasia, Antarctica ndi America (Kumpoto ndi South). Pali nsomba ya makerele kumadzulo, kum'mwera kumadzulo, kumpoto, kumadzulo, kum'mawa kwa nyanja. Wapakati akuya malo okhala m'madera amenewa - mamita 150,
Nyanja ya Atlantic ndi thupi lachiwiri lalikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Inali pakati Spain, Africa, Europe, Greenland, Antarctica, America (North ndi South). Pakuti iwowa nsomba ya makerele kusankha la kumadzulo, kumpoto, kumadzulo, kum'mwera kum'mawa mbali za mtunda kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi nsomba malo - mamita 200.

Oimira kalasi Scomberomorus amakhala omasuka m'madzi otentha, otentha, otentha. Ozizira madzi kugwa io sakondwela, ichi ndi chifukwa malo achilengedwe. Kukumana nsomba ya makerele akhoza kukhala mu St. Helena, United States gombe ya Perisiya, Suez Canal ndi kupitirira. Dera lililonse lili ndi mitundu yake.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa pamene nsomba ya makerele mwachizolowezi. Tiyeni tione zimene zimadya nsomba zolusa.

Kodi mackerel amadya chiyani?

Photo: mfumu nsomba ya makerele

mamembala onse a nsomba ya makerele kalasi chikhalidwe chawo ndi adani. Chifukwa cha madzi achonde am'nyanja zikuluzikulu, nsomba siziyenera kufa ndi njala. zakudya awo ndithu zosiyanasiyana.

Komanso, zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi:

ma eel mchenga ndi nsomba zazing'ono zodyera ziphuphu. Amafanana njoka woonda. Theka chobisika mchenga ananamizira ngati Seaweed. Amawoneka ngati nyama yosavuta kwa mackerel, monga nthawi yao m'manda nsomba, choncho alibe luso msanga kuthawa chilombo ndi,
cephalopods - oimira nkhono za, yodziwika amgwirizano chosokonekera ndipo ambiri (8-10) tentacles ili mozungulira mutu. Gulu laling'ono ili limaphatikizapo ma octopus, cuttlefish, squid amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mu nsomba ya makerele chakudya silingawafike nthumwi zonse nkhono, koma toyesa awo ang'ono,
nkhanu - arthropods nyama yokutidwa ndi zida. Shrimp ndi crayfish ndi "mackerel" omwe amakonda kwambiri a mackerel. Iwo kudya nsomba ndi anthu ena a m'kalasi,
m'mphepete mwa nyanja nsomba - nsomba zamoyo m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja nyanja. Zokonda za Mackerel zimaperekedwa ku mitundu yokhala ndi hering'i, yomwe imaphatikizidwanso mu gulu la ray-fin, ndi mwachangu anthu ena.

zinthu Special chiyani sizili ndi chakudya nsomba ya makerele. Mbali awo pankhaniyi - ndi pafupifupi kukana chakudya m'nyengo yozizira. Nsombazo zimakhala ndi nkhokwe zokwanira zomwe zimadzipatsa okha miyezi yotentha. M'nyengo yozizira, anthu a nsomba ya makerele, mfundo thupi pang'ono ndipo chabe kwambiri njira ya moyo. Scombridae nyama shoals. Amaphatikizidwa m'magulu akulu, amapanga mtundu wa cauldron, momwe amayendetsa nsomba zazing'ono. Kamodzi wovulalayo akagwidwa, ndi jamb lonse iyamba zikubweretsa ake pang'onopang'ono pamwamba madzi, kumene ndondomeko amatenga atadzikweza kudya.

Chosangalatsa: Nsomba ya makerele ndi voracious kuti m'zonse kuona nyama angathe. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kuwagwira ngakhale kumadera ena mbedza yopanda kanthu.

Choncho pali kudyetsa nsomba ya makerele. Onani malo "nkhomaliro" nsomba ya makerele akhoza kukhala kutali. Ma dolphins nthawi zambiri amasambira mozungulira sukulu yanjala ndipo mbalame za m'madzi zimauluka.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Photos: Blue nsomba ya makerele

Nsomba ya makerele - nsomba sizachilendo m'madera ambiri a nyanja woyamba waukulu. Amasambira munyanja (kuphatikiza Wakuda). Pali osati pa kuya kwambiri, komanso umakhala pafupi pagombe. Izi ntchito ndi asodzi ambiri agwire nyama pa nyambo ndi. Oimira onse a mackerel ndi nsomba zosamukasamuka. Iwo amakonda adzakhala mu madzi ofunda (8 mpaka 20 madigiri). Pankhani imeneyi, chifukwa nthawi zonse kusintha malo okhala.

Izi sizingagwire ntchito kwa anthu okha omwe amakhala m'madzi a Indian Ocean. Madzi kutentha ndi oyenera ntchito chaka chonse. nsomba ya makerele Atlantic ikuyenda m'nyengo yozizira ku Nyanja Black ndi madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja Europe. Nthawi yomweyo, mackerel sakhala pagombe la Turkey nthawi yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira nsomba ali chabe kwambiri ndi kuonetsa kudyetsa khalidwe. Iwo pafupifupi musadye ndipo anapitiriza makamaka otsetsereka a alumali chokhala. Mu "dziko lakwawoli" akuyamba kubwerera ndikutuluka kwamasika.

M'miyezi yotentha Scomberomorus oimira kalasi mwakhama kwambiri. Iwo holed mpaka pansi. Ma Mackerel ndi osambira abwino kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi chidaliro m'malo a madzi am'madzi. Mbali yaikulu mu gululi - aluso akuyendetsa ndi kupewa whirlpools. Chete liwiro la nsomba - makilomita 20-30 paola. Nthawi yomweyo, ukasodza nsomba, nsomba zimatha kufikira ma kilomita 80 pa ola limodzi pamasekondi awiri (ndikapanga kuponya). Mwinamwake chifukwa cha ambirimbiri zipsepse zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Fast liwiro kuyenda zimatheka chifukwa pakalibe kusambira chikhodzodzo ndi wapadera kapangidwe fusiform thupi. Yesani kukhala nsomba m'masukulu. Ichi ndi chifukwa kuchuluka kwa zimadya. Powonjezera, nkhosa kupanga mapeto zosavuta. Ma Mackerels sakhala okha.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Photo: nsomba ya makerele Nsomba

Kukwanitsa zokolola mbewu nsomba ya makerele imapezeka mu chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Kufalikira kumachitika chaka chilichonse. N'zotheka nsomba kwambiri ukalamba (zaka 18-20).

spawning nthawi zimadalira zaka nsomba ya makerele:

nsomba zazing'ono - kumapeto kwa Juni kapena koyambirira kwa Julayi,
okhwima anthu - m'ma masika (atabwerera ku hibernation).

Iri yofulumira caviar nsomba ya makerele mbali m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja posungira. Izi zimachitika nthawi yonse yamasika ndi chilimwe. Nsomba ndi lachonde kwambiri ndipo angathe nsanamira mpaka mazira hafu miliyoni. Iwo kuomba iwo pa kuya chachikulu (150-200 m) ,. Dongosolo loyambirira la mazira silidutsa millimeter. Monga mwa kundipatsako kwa mutuluka latsopano mbadwa kusiya mafuta, amene wapatsidwa aliyense mabulosi. Mphutsi adzawonekera atapita masiku 3-4 pambuyo spawning. Kupangidwa kwa mwachangu kumatenga 1 mpaka milungu itatu. nsomba mapangidwe moyo kumadalira malo awo, zinthu chitonthozo.

Chosangalatsa: Mu ndondomeko ya mapangidwe nsomba ya makerele mphutsi amatha kudya mzake. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo kwaukali komanso nkhokwe.

The mwachangu chifukwa ang'ono. kutalika si upambana ndi masentimita angapo. Achichepere a mackerel pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo amabwera limodzi.Watsopano mackerel amakula msanga. Pakupita miyezi yochepa (m'dzinja) amaimira nsomba zazikuluzikulu pafupifupi sentimita 30. Pofuna kukwaniritsa miyeso zoterozo mlingo zaumbanda nsomba ya makerele kukula kwambiri yafupika.

Adani achilengedwe a mackerel

Chithunzi: Kodi ma mackerel amawoneka bwanji?

Chilengedwe pa adani nsomba ya makerele zokwanira. Kusaka nsomba zamafuta ndi:

anamgumi ndi zinyama zomwe zimangokhala m'madzi am'nyanja. Chifukwa ake kulemera ndi thupi zikuchokera, m'madzi zimakhala amatha kumeza magulu bwino ndipo ngakhale nsomba ya makerele kumunyamula. Ngakhale amatha kusuntha mwachangu, nthumwi za mackerel nthawi zambiri zimatha kubisala kwa zinzake,
shaki ndi ma dolphin. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, nsomba ya makerele kusaka osati koipa m'madzi moyo, komanso "chabwinobwino" anamgumiwa. Mitundu yonse ya nsomba imasaka nsomba zonsezo pakati pamadzi ndi pakati pake. Kuthamangitsa magulu a mackerel ndikosowa. Dolphins ndi nsombazo ali mu zone ya kudzikundikira nsomba ya makerele mwangozi mtheradi,
pelicans ndi seagulls. Mbalame zimatha kudya ndi mackerel imodzi yokha - pomwe zimadzimiranso nkhomaliro mpaka pamadzi. Zikuthamangathamanga nyama Scombridae zambiri umalimbikitsa yoteroyo olimbikira kapena mlomo wa zikovili ndi seagulls zouluka ndi,
mikango yam'nyanja. Nyama izi ndizabwino kwambiri. Iwo akusowa ulendo umodzi nsomba nsomba za makilogalamu 20 a nsomba zambiri amaona zonse. Chakudya chamadzulo chabwino, ma mackerel ndi oyenera kwambiri kusuntha kwamadzi m'masukulu.

Kuphatikiza apo, mdani wamkulu wa mackerel onse ndi munthu. Mu dziko ndife mwachangu kudzadzipeza a mitundu zogulitsa kwawo zambiri. Nyama ya nsomba ndiyotchuka chifukwa chaopindulitsa komanso kukoma kwake. Nsomba zimasakidwa kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa masika mpaka nyengo yozizira ikayamba. Anagwira nsomba ya makerele ngati nyambo, ndi pa intaneti. Kugwidwa kwa pachimake kwa anthu okhala ndi mackerel pagombe la Europe kuli pafupifupi matani 55. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimadziwika kuti ndi zamalonda. Kwa masitolo mu yomalizidwa nsomba ya makerele (kusuta / mchere) ndi chilled.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Mackerel ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa mackerel womwe umapezeka m'madzi atatu. Ambiri mwa nyama si pansi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu ake. Asodziwo ndi nsomba zazikulu. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mwachangu chimaphimba makolo omwe agwidwa. Mu chilengedwe nsomba moyo kwa zaka 20. Amakhala moyo wonse (kuyambira zaka ziwiri). Ngakhale izi, m'maiko ambiri chifukwa cha prophylactic cholinga chazambiri za nsomba izi ndizoletsedwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo kugwira pa sangathenso ku gombe kapena bwato / yatchi ndikoletsedwa ndi osowa kwambiri.

Mitundu ya mitundu ya mackerel yokha ndiomwe idatsitsidwa. Chimodzi mwa izi ndi mackerel aku California (kapena chigwa). Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwambiri ndi zokolola za chilengedwe, chiwerengero cha mamembala a gulu kwambiri m'munsimu wotsalawo. Potengera izi, mitunduyi imapatsidwa "Vulnerable". Komabe, nsombayi sinalembedwe mu Buku Lofiyira. Ovutika mfumu nsomba ya makerele, amene anthu kwambiri utachepa pa zaka 10 zapitazi, amene amayamba ndi poaching ndi chilakolako zambiri asodzi nsomba zazikulu. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha anthu amtunduwu m'maiko ambiri kugwira kwawo nkoletsedwa. Oimira Royal akuyang'aniridwa ndi apadera a zoology.

nsomba ya makerele ndi abale a mackerel, ofanana nawo pokhapokha pazinthu zina. Izi nsomba zimagwiridwanso kwambiri, koma nthawi zambiri sizitha kubisa zonse zomwe zawonongeka ndi ana. Pa nthawi, anthu akhala yafupika, kusonyeza kufunika polojekiti kwambiri ndiponso kukana nsomba deta ya anthu m'madera onse a malo awo. Komabe, kuyambitsidwa kwa njira ngati izi sikungakhale posachedwa, chifukwa mackerel ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusodza. Iwo amakondedwa kwambiri m'misika chifukwa katundu opindulitsa ndi kukoma.

Mankhwala othandizira komanso opindulitsa

Mackerel ndi othandiza kwambiri, makamaka ngati agwidwa mukugwa. Popeza ili ndi mafuta ambiri ndipo chotero, kwambiri Omega-3 ndi lofunika vitamini B12, D. maphunziro ambiri anasonyeza mobwerezabwereza ndi kulimbikitsa mowa thupi la nsomba wochuluka. Nyamakazi, matenda a mtima, matenda ashuga, khansa, psoriasis, bronchitis nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa mafuta a nsomba mthupi. Amadziwika kuti achi Japan, omwe amadya nsomba zambiri, amakhala ndi moyo wautali.

Waukulu zothandiza katundu achire ndi nsomba ya makerele ndi:

Kuteteza mitsempha ya unyamata. Kupatula apo, ma amino acid ochulukirapo m'maselo, amachepetsa mwayi wamagazi. Mafuta a nsomba ali nsomba ya makerele ali kuchita chimodzimodzi ndi aspirin - thins magazi. Ma acid a Omega-3 amabwezeretsa kukongola kwa makoma a mitsempha.
Kuchepetsa kukalamba. Maphunziro ku United Kingdom anapeza kuti mowa kawirikawiri nsomba ya makerele ndi zina wochuluka nsomba ali zotsatira zopindulitsa pa thanzi ndi achinyamata ndi anthu odwala matenda a mtima.
Zimalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Kumeza pafupipafupi mackerel kumachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a shuga 2 kangapo, omwe anaphunzira ndi asayansi achi Dutch.

A zofunika kwambiri zopezeka nsomba ya makerele, ndi vitamini B12. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri paumoyo, chifukwa amatenga nawo gawo mu kagayidwe ndi kupasuka kwamafuta, mayamwidwe awo oyenera, komanso kuchotsedwa kwa thupi. Kukhalapo kwa Vitaminiyi kumalola kuti mafuta azilowetsedwa mu minofu yokha mu kuchuluka kofunikira ndipo osadziunjikira. Vitamini B12 amalimbikitsa DNA kaphatikizidwe maselo, ndipo ichi, nayenso, kumathandiza kuti rejuvenation ndi makonzedwe a thupi. Ndi hypoxia, vitaminiyu amathandizira kuwononga kwa oxygen m'maselo.

Phosphorous, yomwe imapezeka m'mackerel ambiri, amathandizira kupanga ma enzymes, omwe ali zida zofunika kwambiri zam'maselo. Wina wa mankwala mchere mwachindunji, ndi chigoba minofu - nchifukwa chake nsomba ya makerele ndi wofunika kwambiri kwa ana, achinyamata komanso okalamba.

Mackerel ndi othandiza kwambiri pamavuto ophatikizika. Maminolo omwe ali olemera samathandizira kokha pakudya kwa cartilage ndi maselo amafupa ndi mpweya wofunikira, komanso kukula kwa minofu yama cartilage.

A zili lalikulu selenium ndi coenzyme Q-10 nsomba ya makerele amatha pang'onopang'ono ukalamba.

Pophika

Mackerel imakonzedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, imaphikidwa, kusuta, kukazinga kapena kuwotcha pamakala. A mbale makolo mu Isiraeli ndi nsomba ya makerele nsomba ya makerele pudding. Kuti muiphike, muyenera kudula zidutswa zing'onozing'ono za fillet, kuwonjezera anyezi wochepa, supuni ya mchere, tsabola woyera, nthanga zonyamula pansi, mbatata imodzi yapamwamba komanso supuni yotsekera. Zigawo zonse ziyenera kusakanikirana pogwiritsa ntchito blender, kenako mwachangu mu poto pamoto wotentha. Tumikirani casserole adatsatana yophika mbatata kapena saladi wobiriwira.

Pofuna kuphika mackerel achifumu, amawalawa ndi mchere, adyo wosankhidwa, tsabola, mafuta a azitona. Kenako, ataphimbira nsombayo ndi magawo a mandimu, imaphikidwa pa grill. Ichi ndi mbale zabwino adzakhala pamodzi ndi vinyo youma.

Mu cosmetology

Mackerel palokha sagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji mu cosmetology, koma kuyigwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi mu chakudya kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa thanzi la tsitsi, mafupa ndi misomali. chifukwa onse chakuti ndi wolemera kwambiri phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Phosphorous sanapangidwe m'thupi la munthu ndipo amalowamo ndi chakudya, ndipo sizinthu zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mackerel, zomwe zimatha kupatsa tsiku lililonse macrocell awa.

Zowopsa za mackerel

Zothandiza mlingo ndi kudya nsomba palibe maulendo atatu pa mlungu. Mafuta ochulukirapo amatha kuwonjezera magazi, amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Onetsetsani kuti mukusamala ndikudya mackerel limodzi ndi anticoagulants kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse ochepera magazi.

Amakhulupirira kuti zabwino wamkulu yekha ufulu nsomba ya makerele.

Pafupifupi aliyense amatha kudya mackerel owiritsa, ndipo anthu omwe achulukitsa matenda am'mimba komanso zatsamba sangathe kudya osuta komanso mchere.

Mafuta ochulukirapo a mackerel sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito pamaso pa mavuto ndi chiwindi ndi impso.

Kugwira, zamzitini ndi kusuta nsomba ya makerele, ndi mmene ndi chokoma kuphika, mudzaphunzira ndi kuonera kanema.

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