Nsomba za Pike * Nsomba

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Toelisa Pike pafupifupi aliyense kuyambira ubwana, muyenera kukumbukira kukumbukira nkhani ya Emelya. Ambiri angafune kugwira zochitika zamatsenga zotere zomwe zimakwaniritsa zokhumba. M'dziko lathu, nsomba izi sizachilendo, zimakonda matupi amadzi abwino. Koma kuphatikiza pike wamba, palinso mitundu ina. Timaphunzira zonse za nsomba zodyerazi mwatsatanetsatane, titasanthula machitidwe ake, mtundu wa moyo ndi zina zofunika.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe

Pike ndi nsomba yolusa ya banja la ma pike, gulu la nsomba zokhala ndi zowongolera komanso dongosolo la ma pike. Kuti mupitilize kufotokozera za nsombayi, muyenera kusankha mitundu yake, chifukwa imasiyana pakati pawo osati malo ogawikirako, komanso mawonekedwe akunja. Mitundu ya pike ili ndi mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya nsomba. Pa gawo la dziko lathu pali mitundu iwiri ya ma pike - wamba ndi Amur, ndipo asanu otsalawa adalembetsedwa ku North America.

Pike wamba ndi yochulukirapo, idakhazikika ku North America ndi Europe. Tidzakhala mwatsatanetsatane zamtunduwu m'tsogolomo; pazotsatira zake tidzakambirana momwe nsomba zimakhalira.

Pike wofiyidwa ndi red (American) amakhala ndi malo okhazikika kum'mawa kwa North America ndipo amakhala m'magulu awiri: pike yakumpoto yodzadza ndi udzu (kumwera). Kutalika kwa izi zapansi pamtunda kumatha kufika masentimita 45, ndipo misa ndi pafupifupi kilogalamu. Mbali yodziwika bwino ya ma pikiyi ndi mutu wofupikitsidwa. Pike chaudzu ilibe mtundu wa lalanje pazipsepse.

Kanema: Pike

Maskinong pike ndikosavuta. Ndilo lalikulu kwambiri pabanja lawo. Dzinalo mu chilankhulo cha amwenye limatanthawuza "pike yoyipa." Amatchulidwanso kuti chimphona, chifukwa toyesa okhwima amatha kupitilira mita imodzi ndi theka, ndipo akulemera pafupifupi 32 kg. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wa siliva, wobiriwira, bulauni, ndipo kumbali za nsomba mumakhala mitambo kapena malo.

Pike yokhala ndi zingwe (yakuda) ndiyofanana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe wamba, kutalika kwake kumatha kufika masentimita 60, ndipo kukula kwake kumatha kukhala pafupifupi 2 kg, ngakhale panali zitsanzo zina zolemera kuposa kilogalamu zinayi. M'mphepete mwa pike iyi pali ndondomeko yomwe imawoneka ngati yokongola, ndipo mzere wakuda umadutsa m'maso mwa nsomba.

Amur pike ndi yotsika kukula kukula kwa pike wamba, mitundu yayikulu kwambiri imatha kupitirira mita pang'ono, ndi kulemera pafupifupi 20 kg. Makala a nsomba ndi ochepa komanso ali ndi siliva kapena mtundu wamtambo wonyezimira; malo amtunduwu amapezeka paliponse la pike, lomwe limapangitsa kuti utoto wake ukhale wofanana ndi taimen.

Pali mitundu yosakanizidwa ya pike, yowetedwa ndi munthu. Anthu otere sanasinthidwe kuti athe kufalikira kuthengo, chifukwa chake si anthu odziyimira pawokha.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Maonekedwe a pike ndi mawonekedwe ake onse akufotokozedwa ndi chitsanzo cha pike wamba, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumasiyana 25 mpaka 35 kg, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi kumafikira mita imodzi ndi theka. Mawonekedwe a pikeyo ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati torpedo, mutu wa nsomba yayitali, wamlitali pang'ono, chifukwa nsagwada zazifupi. Nsagwada yapamwamba imasungunuka mpaka pansi, ndipo, pomwepo, imatsogola kupita kutsogolo. Ichi ndiye chizindikiritso cha chilombo cholusa. Pa nsagwada ya m'munsi, mano amakhala ndi miyeso yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imathandizira kugwidwa kwa womenyedwayo.

Kuchokera pamwambapa, mano ndi ochepa kwambiri ndipo amayang'ana ndi mfundo molunjika pakhosi la nsomba. Chifukwa cha izi, wogwidwayo amangamezedwa mosavuta, koma zimatha kuthawa. Kusintha kwa mano kumadziwika kwambiri ndi pikes, koma mano sasintha onse nthawi imodzi, njirayi imachitika m'magawo. Maso a nyama zolusa ndi zazikulu komanso ezitali kwambiri, izi zimamuthandiza kuwona gawo lalikulu osatembenuka.

Ngati talankhula za mtundu wa pike, ndiye kuti zimachitika mosiyanasiyana. Zimatengera madzi osungira momwe nsomba zimakhalira, pazomera zomwe zimapezeka kumeneko komanso zaka zake.

Toni yayikulu ya nsomba imatha kukhala:

wobiriwira
imvi
zofiirira
siliva (wopezeka mu nsomba zam'nyanja).

Kumbuyo, pike nthawi zonse imakhala ndi mtundu wakuda, ndipo kumbali za nsomba kumakhala malo amtundu wakuda kapena amtundu wakuda. Mapeyala opaka utoto ali ndi utoto wa lalanje, ndipo zipsepa zosatupa zimatha kukhala zofiirira kapena imvi ndi yellowness. Zipsepse zonse zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, kuphatikiza mchira.

Amadziwika kuti anthu okhala ndi ma pike azimayi ndi okulirapo kuposa abambo, thupi lawo silikhala lalitali kwambiri ndipo moyo wawo ndi wautali.

Kutsegulira mwa jini mwa amuna ndi akazi ndi kosiyana. Amuna ndi yopapatiza, yokhala ngati yodyeka, imakhala ndi mtundu wamimba, ndipo mwa akazi imawoneka ngati poyambira pang'onopang'ono, pomwe wozungulira wagolidi amawoneka.

Kugawika kwachilendo kwa pike kutengera kukula kwake kumakhalapo pakati pa asodzi.

udzu, womwe umakhala m'mitsinje yaying'ono ndi nyanja, kutalika kwake nthawi zina kumafikira theka la mita, ndipo misa sapitilira ma kilogalamu awiri,
Pike yakuya yomwe imapezeka m'mitsinje yakuzama ndi nyanja yayikulu, komwe kuya kwake kumatha kupitirira mita isanu. Anthu otere amakula mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka kutalika ndi kulemera pafupifupi 35 kg, koma nthawi zambiri amagwidwa akulemera kuchokera ma kilogalamu awiri mpaka asanu.

Kugawidwa kwa nsomba koteroko sikumakhudzidwa mwanjira iliyonse komanso kwasayansi. Mwambiri, achichepere amakhala m'madzi osaya kuti asadzadye chakudya cha abale awo akuluakulu, ndipo pamakhala chakudya chochulukirapo. Mapaipi achikulire amapita pansi kwambiri, amakonda ziphuphu ndi maenje a pansi pa madzi.

Kodi pike imakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Nyama ya Pike

Pike ndi munthu wokhala m'madzi opanda madzi omwe amakhala ku Eurasia ndi North America. Itha kukhala yokonda zigawo zonse za m'mphepete mwa nyanja zomwe zili ndi udzu wokulirapo, mabango, malupanga, ndi maenje omwe ali pansi kwambiri.

Pochi wa Grassy (kumwera) amakhala mumtsinje wa Mississippi ndi mitsinje ina yomwe imalowa mu Atlantic Ocean. Pike yakuda (yamizeremizere) imakonda kukhazikika kunyanja komanso mitsinje yopitilira kumwera kwa Canada kupita ku US Florida, malo ake amafika ku Great Lakes ndi Mtsinje wa Mississippi. Amur pike amakhala m'madziwe a Sakhalin Island, komanso mumtsinje wa Amur. Pike wa ku Italy wasankha madzi amumpoto komanso pakati pa Italiya.

Pike amamvanso bwino m'madzi am'nyanja zopanda madzi. Mwachitsanzo, m'mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Baltic ya ku Finnish, Curonia, ndi Riga, ku Taganrog Gulf ya Nyanja ya Azov.

Gawo la dziko lathu, pike wamba amakhala kumadzi pafupifupi. Amakhala m'mitsinje yayikulu ndi yaying'ono, malo osungira, maiwe, nyanja. Izi zodya zilombo zamtunduwu ndizosasamala posankha malo okhalamo, pano titha kufananizidwa ndi carp wamba.

M'nyanja, achinyamata amapezeka pansi m'mphepete mwa udzu pansi pa maboti, mabwato akumizidwa. Kukula mpaka ma kilogalamu atatu - anayi, amasunthira pansi m'madzi, ndikupeza chitetezo m'mazenje ndi ma whirlpools. M'mitsinje, achinyamata ndi achikulire omwe amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Anthu ambiri amalakwitsa kuganiza kuti pike amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka zambiri, sizili choncho. Nthawi zambiri, ma pikitala amakhala ndi moyo kuyambira zaka 18 mpaka 20, pali zoyerekeza zomwe zatsala 30, koma izi ndizosowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri pakakhala kuperewera kwa oxygen m'madzi, kupha kwa pike kumachitika, nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika nthawi yozizira m'malo osungirako ochepa.

Kodi pike amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Pike m'madzi

Maola abwinobwino kudya pike amadya m'mamawa ndi madzulo, masana nyama yomwe imadya ikudya, ikupumula pamalo obisika. Zhor mu pike zimachitika katatu pachaka, ndiye amadya nthawi yonseyo. Ziphuphu zoyambirira zimachitika isanatulutse (nthawi zambiri m'mwezi wa Marichi-Epulo), chachiwiri chimabweranso kutuluka (mu Meyi-Juni), ndipo chachitatu chimachitika mu Ogasiti-Seputembala, nthawi zina mu Okutobala.

Pamasamba a nyama yolusa kwambiri yokhala ndi chidwi, nsomba zambiri zosiyanasiyana, zimadya:

Musadabwe kuti nsomba yolusa imeneyi imadyera abale ake mosangalala. Cannibalism imakula m'malo a ma pike, pomwe munthu wamkulu amakula pike yaying'ono mosangalatsa, chifukwa chake nsomba izi zimangokhala zokha ndikumakhala mosiyana. Mu kasupe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, pike amathanso kusangalala ndi achule ndi nsomba zazinkhanira zomwe zayamba kusungunuka.

Pali nthawi zina pomwe pike imagwira ndikakoka pansi pamadzi tating'ono, makoswe, agologolo, mbewa, oyenda, osambira mtsinje.

Makulidwe akuluakulu a pike amatha kuukira abakha, nthawi zambiri zimachitika mbalame zikagunda ndipo sizingatheke kulowa mlengalenga. Komanso, zilombo zazikulu zimagwira bwino nsomba, zomwe kukula kwake ndi hafu ya osaka kwambiri kapena ochulukirapo. Asayansi omwe akuphunzira za pike amadya kuti awona kuti menyu a pike apakatikati amapezeka makamaka ndi nsomba, zomwe zilibe phindu ndipo ndizambiri, kotero pike ndiyofunikira kwambiri m'mafamu ambiri a nsomba, chifukwa imalepheretsa kusungira mayiwe.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Monga tanena kale, ma pikes amakonda kukhala okha, zomwe sizodabwitsa, chifukwa nthawi zonse amakhala pachiwopsezo cha abale awo. Ndi nthawi zina zochepa chabe zomwe zimatha kusaka, ndikupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono. Madzi aliwonse, pike imayang'ana ndowe za madzi, pomwe imazizira, kudikirira wina. Kuwona chakumwa chake, Pike amapanga chiwopsezo chofulumira ndi jerk imodzi yakuthwa.

Nsomba zazing'onoting'ono zimapeza gawo lawolawo, kuyambira 20 mpaka 30 lalikulu masikweya, ndipo anthu akuluakulu ali ndi ziwembu zomwe zimafikira 70 lalikulu mita. Zilonda zingapo zokhala ndi toothy zimatha kukhala pamalo amodzi nthawi imodzi. Amasaka nawonso, pamene wogulitsayo akuchita chimbudzi, winayo akudikirira nyama. Kuukira bwino kwa ma pikes kumathandizidwa osati kokha ndi mawonekedwe akuthwa, komanso ndi chingwe cham'mbali chomwe chimathandizira kuyang'ana kwa malo (seismic sensory mwelekeo.

Pike nthawi zonse imameza nyama yake, kuyambira kumutu, ngakhale itagwidwa ndi thupi lonse.

Nyengo ikakhala yotentha komanso yadzuwa, ngakhale ma pikesi akulu kwambiri amawonekera m'madzi osaya kuti asambe dzuwa, kotero nthawi zina mutha kuwona magulu onse a nsomba yayikulu yotentha yotentha. Kukhazikika kwa mpweya wa madzi kwa pike ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa nsomba imakonda kwambiri chizindikiro ichi ndipo imatha kufa ngati ikusowa, monga zimachitika nthawi zambiri m'malo osungirako nthawi yayitali.

Nthawi zambiri, nyama zomwe zimakonda kwambiri nyama zimakonda kuzizira. Kukhazikitsidwa kuti nsomba zomwe zimakhala kumpoto zakum'mera zimakula nthawi yayitali ndipo zimakhala motalika kuposa momwe pike amakhala kumadzi akumwera, kotero chilengedwe chinakonzedwa.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Akazi okalamba ogonana amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi zaka zinayi za moyo, ndipo amuna achisanu. Kutentha koyenera koyambira kumachokera ku madigiri 3 mpaka 6 okhala ndi chikwangwani chowonjezera. Kutumphuka kumachitika nthawi yomweyo madzi oundana akasungunuka, osati kutali ndi gombe, komwe kuya kwa madzi sikupitirira mita imodzi. Pakadali pano, pike imatha kuwoneka m'madzi osaya, komwe kumveka zipolowe zachiwawa. Nthawi zambiri, zisonyezo zing'onozing'ono zimayamba kumera choyamba, kenako nsomba zolemera nawonso amaphatikizanso.

Ngakhale kuti pike ndi yocheperako mwachilengedwe, munthawi yakukhwima, nsomba izi zimapanga magulu ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala ndi amuna angapo (kuyambira zidutswa zitatu mpaka zisanu) ndi wamkazi m'modzi. Yaikazi, monga mtsogoleri, amasambira kutsogolo, ndipo amuna amamutsatira, akumamatira kumbali yake kapena kukhala pamwamba pake kumbuyo. Piksipu zowaza zimatha kupindika kuchokera ku mitengo yoyambira, mizu, mabango ndi mapesi amtengo, motero zimamera. Kutulutsa kukafika kumapeto, kuphulika kwamphamvu sikwachilendo, ndipo ma pikitala ena amalumpha kwambiri.

Fryoyi imayamba mpaka sabata imodzi mpaka ziwiri, ndipo mndandanda wa ng'ombeyo umaphatikizanso akakhola, kenako kanthawi inanso.

Pike imodzi imatha kuyikira mazira 17 mpaka 215,000 okhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 3 mm. Chiwerengero chawo chimatengera kutalika kwa chikazi. Choyamba iwo amamatira kuzomera zam'madzi. Pakatha masiku angapo, mazira amasiya kukhala omata ndikuzama pansi, kusiya kulimidwa, komwe amakula. Ngati kutulutsa kumera, madzi amayamba kuphwa mwachangu, ndiye mazira ambiri amafa.

Zimachitika kuti mazira amamatira kumapira kwa mbalame zomwe zimadyazo, motero zimasinthidwa kumadzi ena, komwe m'mbuyomu sipanawoneke pike.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti m'malo osungirako omwe amakhala ovuta ndi chakudya, pry mwachangu, omwe amafikira theka la sentimita, ayamba kudya wina ndi mnzake ali aang'ono kwambiri.

Adani achilengedwe a pike

Chithunzi: Pike Animal

Ngakhale pike imakhala yosusuka kwambiri, yamatenda komanso magazi, ili ndi adani omwe safuna kudya nawo. Mbawala za ntchentche komanso ma dazi, zomwe zimakonda kudya nsomba zamitundu mitundu, kuphatikiza ndi tock pike, zimatha kutchulidwa kuti ndizosokoneza ma pike. M'mitsinje ya Siberia, pike imachita mpikisano ndi taimen, yomwe imagwirizana ndi nyama yolusa yofanana ndi yabwino kwambiri, chifukwa chake, m'malo amenewo ma pike samakonda kukula kwambiri.

Pike yemwe amakhala kumwera chakum'mawa amayembekezeranso munthu wina wopanda nzeru - nsomba zazikuluzikulu. Ngati nsomba zazikulu zili kale ndi adani, ndiye kuti mwachangu komanso kukula kwachinyamata kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuti akhale ndi moyo, nthawi zambiri amakhala wogwidwa ndi ma perche ndi rattans, zander wamkulu. Musaiwale kuti pike imadyanso anzawo, osalabadira ubale wamabanja.

M'madzi ena akumpoto, ziphuphu zimakonda kusewera; pamenepo, ma pikit amadya okha. Chingwe cha chakudya m'malo amenewo chimawoneka motere: mwachangu amadya akudya ang'onoang'ono, mwachangu amadyedwa ndi achibale wamba, ndipo omaliza amakhala chakudya chamagulu achibale olemera.

Munthu amathanso kudziwidwa kuti ndi adani a mdzuyu, chifukwa ndiulemerero kwa asodzi ambiri omwe amachisaka. M'madera ena, kubedwa kwa ma pike sikuyendetsedwa m'njira iliyonse ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakukulu. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zambiri zimafa chifukwa cha nyumba zozizira, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Chithunzi: Pike pansi pamadzi

Pakadali pano, pike, monga mtundu wa nsomba, sizimayambitsa nkhawa zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwake. Kuchulukitsa kwa nyama yolusa imeneyi ndikwakukulu, pafupifupi madzi aliwonse ndi gawo lofunikira kusodzi. Ku Russia, ma pike amagawidwa pafupifupi kulikonse. Ku Urals, ndiye woimira ambiri wazinyama zam'madzi.

Asayansi azindikira kuti tsopano pike lalikulu layamba kuchepa. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti mkati mwazaka zapitazi panali nsomba zazikuluzikulu zazikulu zazikulu, zomwe zidapangitsa kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka anthu anyani. Pike yaying'ono amayesera kutuluka ali aang'ono kwambiri, motero kuchuluka kwa nsomba zazing'onoting'ono zimachuluka mofulumira, ndipo zazikulu zimayamba kutha.

Pike ndiyofunikira kwambiri pamalonda; imadziwidwa mwangozi m'madziwe ambiri, komwe imakhala momasuka. Nyama ya nsombayi imawonedwa ngati yazakudya komanso yothandiza kwambiri. Onse asodzi ndi masewera asodzi sangafanane ndi moyo wawo popanda nyama, yomwe ndi nsomba yabwino kwambiri kwa asodzi aliyense. Ndibwino kuti nsomba ili ponseponse ndipo kuchuluka kwake kwakanthawi imeneyi sikumabweretsa nkhawa. Chachikulu ndikupitilizabe motere.

Mapeto ake, ndikuyenera kuwonjezera pamenepo Pike Ndizothandiza osati kwa munthu yemwe amazigwiritsa ntchito ngati zofunikira monga masewera kapena masewera, komanso malo osungirako komwe mdaniyu amakhala, ndizosakayikitsa kuti kudya zipatso zazing'ono komanso zingapo, poteteza madzi kuti asasungidwe.

Mitundu ya Pike

Banja la Shchukov lili ndi mitundu 7 yayikulu ya pike.Tiyeni tikhazikike pa chilichonse cha izi:

Mwachizolowezi - membala wodziwika kwambiri pabanja, amakhala m'malo ambiri osungirako ku North America ndi Europe. Makulidwe amodzi apakatikati, mpaka ma 1.5 metres ndi masikweya mpaka 7-8 kg. Mutha kukumana ndi nsomba zamtunduwu m'matupi amadzi am'madzi, zithupi ndi magombe.
American - amakhala kum'mawa kwa North America. Anthu okongola ocheperako, mpaka 80cm kutalika ndi masekeli mpaka 1 kg. Mbali yodziwika ndi kufupikitsidwa kwa moyo ndi nthawi yochepa ya moyo - zaka 8-9 zokha.
Black (milozo) ndi woimira wina wamtundu womwe amakhala m'madzi aku North America. Kunja amafanana ndi pike wamba, komabe, m'litali sapitirira 60 cm ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa 4 kg. Mtundu wodziwika bwino m'mphepete ndi chingwe chakuda pamwamba pamaso ndichinthu chosiyanitsa mitunduyo. Malo okhala bwino - magawo a matupi amadzi okhala ndi masamba ambiri. Zakudya za ma pikes akuda zimayimiriridwa makamaka ndi nyama zopanda nyama, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndimtendere.
Amurskaya ndi wokhalamo wamadzi am'madzi a chilumba cha Sakhalin ndi Mtsinje wa Amur, womwe umafika kutalika kwa 115 cm ndi kulemera kwa 20 kg. Kwa mitundu iyi ya pike, mtundu wa siliva m'miyeso umakhala wamakhalidwe, nthawi zambiri umakhala wobiriwira. Malo ambiri amdima pamimba ndi kumbuyo kwake amachititsa kuti mtunduwu ukhale wofanana ndi taimen.
Kumwera (Chitaliyana) - kuchokera ku dzinali zikuwonekeratu kuti mtunduwu umakhala m'malo osungirako pakati ndi kumpoto kwa Italy. Kwa zaka zambiri zimawerengedwa ngati mitundu yokhazikika ya pike;
Aquitaine ndi mtundu wodziwika komanso wowerengeka wa pike, womwe unangopangidwa mchaka cha 2014. Oimira amakhala m'madzi opanda madzi ku France.
Maskinong ndiye mtundu wa pike wosowa kwambiri komanso waukulu kwambiri womwe umakhala m'madzi abwino aku America. Zitsanzo za munthu payekha zimafikira mita 1.8 ndipo zimalemera pafupifupi 40 kg, zomwe ndizabwino kwambiri. Kunja, mascinong ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi pike wamba komanso waku America, koma malingaliro opezeka pachiwono chapansi ndi kusiyana kofunikira. Chimphona chija chimakhala ndi siliva wachikhalidwe, chosakhala chobiriwira pang'ono, mbali zake ndizokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yayikulu yofanana ndi mawanga.

Kukula kwa Pike

Pali nthano zenizeni zakukula kwabwino kwa pike m'mabuku apadera. Kodi pis ya Boris Godunov yolemera makilogalamu 130 ndi kutalika kwa mita 6. Kukhulupirira mphekesera izi kapena ayi ndi ntchito ya aliyense. Tidzayang'ana pazinthu zodziwika bwino zasayansi komanso zodalirika.

Pike yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi idagwidwa pakati pa 30s ya zaka zapitazi pamtunda wa USSR, mu Lake Ilmen, idafikira kutalika kwa mamitala 2 ndikulemera 35 kg.

Mpaka pano, asayansi apeza kuti kukula kwakukulu kwa ma pikes kumakhala kunyanja zikumpoto kwa Russia. Ndi nyanja, osati mitsinje, monga ambiri amakhulupirira. Kuphatikiza apo, kum'mwera kwenikweni, ndiye kuti sangathe kupeza mwayi weniweni.

Zina zambiri

Pike ndi nsomba yamadzi oyera, nyama yodziwika, yomwe imayimiriridwa ndi mabungwe awiri otchuka. Yoyamba ndi pike wamba yomwe imakhala m'mitsinje komanso madera ena am'madzi a ku Europe ndi Asia.

Mitundu yachiwiri ndi pike yaku America, yomwe imapezeka kuthengo kokha m'mitsinje ya North America ndipo imasiyana mu mitundu ya zipsepse - zimakhala zofiira, ku Eurasia zimatha kuwoneka pachithunzicho. Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane zamtunduwu kuli patebulo.

Khazikika, osati pangozi

Kukula (kwapakati)

15-16 kg, 70-80 cm (wamkulu)

Kuchuluka kwa pafupifupi amoyo

Nsomba, tizilombo, madzi abwinowa

Madzulo, usiku, m'mawa kwambiri

Ma spinner, obisika, nyambo za silicone

Habitat

Pike amakhala m'madzi abwino, koma ngakhale izi zimatengedwa ngati mitundu yolimba. Izi zimatha kupezeka ngakhale m'matupi amadzi okhala ndi acidic, pomwe Ph ili pansi 4.75. Koma ngakhale izi, pike sichitha kupezeka kawirikawiri muzosungira zomwe zimazirala nyengo yachisanu. Chifukwa chosowa mpweya, nsomba zimamwalira.

Kukhazikika kwachilengedwe kwa ma pike ndi mitsinje ndi malo atsopano a nyanja. Mutha kukumana ndi nsomba mumitsinje yonse yamadzi a kontinenti ya Eurasian komanso kudera lina la North America. Nthawi zambiri, ma pike amapezeka mu ma estuaries ndi nyanja zina.

Nyamayi imakonda mitsinje yokhala ndi dothi lobiriwira pansi komanso masamba obiriwira, omwe imaloleza kuti idze ndikudziphimba, zomwe ndizofunikira kusaka ndi kupulumuka kwa mitundu.

Nthawi zambiri, pike imabisala m'madzi osaya, muzomera zam'madzi, ngakhale imapita mozama nthawi yotentha. Nthawi imeneyi, ntchito za nsomba zimachepa. Kukula ndi kulemera kwa nsomba, kukula kwake ndi kuchuluka kwake zimadalira momwe akukhala.

Kodi pike imawoneka bwanji?

Thupi la nyama zomwe zimadya nyama zokhala ndi mivi, ndizowongoleredwa ngati mivi. Mtundu wa masikelo umatengera malo. Itha kukhala yoyera, yofiirira, y golide. Malo amdima amawonedwa m'thupi lonse - uwu ndi mtundu wa pike wosawoneka bwino, chifukwa chake umatha kubisala pakati pa masamba am'madzi ndikukhala wosaonekayo kwa womenyedwayo pakusaka.

Phokoso la nsomba ndilotakata, lalitali. Pakamwa pike pali ponse, ndipo nsagwada yake yozungulira, yomwe imagwira nyama mwachangu. Pofuna kuti wothayo asathawe, mano a kukula osiyanasiyana amapezeka pakamwa pa pike, kutembenukira kummero.

Amasunga nyama yolandidwa molimbika ndipo samalola kuti ithawe. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa thunthu kwa chaka ndi theka kuli pafupifupi 50 cm, koma achikulire, anthu okhwima amatha kufikira 1.5 metre ndi kulemera kwapakati mpaka 6,7 kg.

Kulemera kwambiri kwa nyama zodya nyama mpaka 30-30 kg, koma anthu oterewa ndi osowa kwambiri. Monga lamulo, asodzi amatenga ma pikes omwe kulemera kwawo kumachokera ku 2 kg osati oposa 8-10 kg.

Moyo

Mosiyana ndi chikhulupiriro chofala choti nyama yamphongo imakonda kudya nyama, nsomba imeneyi imakhala yokhazikika, yosasinthika komwe ikukhala. Nthawi yakutukuka kwa ma pikes ndimunthu payekha, kutengera malo, komanso kuchuluka kwa nsomba zomwe zili ndi zochuluka.

Madziwe omwe mumapezeka mapaipi mulibe chakudya, kuchepa kwakatundu ndikuwoneka bwino kwa nsomba kumawonedwa. M'malo osungira oterowo, pike yayikulu kwambiri singathe kupitirira 70 cm, ndi kulemera mpaka 3 makilogalamu, koma awa si malire kwa oimira amtunduwu.

Kwa nthawi yambiri masana, pike amakhala ndi mtima wodikira, amawoneka ngati wabwinobwino kapena kuyenda m'madzi pang'ono, akuyembekeza kukumana ndi nyama. M'nyengo yotentha, pike samagwira ntchito kwambiri, amabisala kuzama.

Mu nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yophukira, nyama yomwe imadyera pamadzipo imasamukira kumadzi osaya, kumene imadyera mwachangu carp, goby, perch, gudgeon, mphutsi zamtchire ndi nyama zina. Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chosowa chakudya, nthumwi za nyamazo zimadyana. Masana, nsomba sizigwira ntchito kwenikweni.

Kuswana

Pike yaikazi imatha kutha pafupifupi chaka chachitatu cha moyo, pomwe amuna amakhala okonzeka kubereka osaposa zaka 4-5. Anthu omwe afika pa kutha msambo pafupifupi mwezi wa Marichi, koma zonse zimatengera nyengo yomwe nsomba imakhala.

Monga lamulo, kuwaza kumachitika sabata yoyamba ya kutentha kwadzuwa, pomwe ayezi ayamba kusungunuka mwachangu m'matupi amadzi. Pike kuti utulutse, kutentha kwa madzi kuyenera kukhala osachepera 3-5 digiri.

Njira yowonekera pawokha ndi chochitika chodabwitsa chomwe chimakhala chosangalatsa kuwonera kuchokera kumbali. Choyamba, achichepere amapita kukamera. Akazi amadutsa choyamba, amatumphukira m'madzi osaya, muudzu.

Mkazi aliyense amatsatiridwa ndi abambo 4-6. Zachikazi zazikulu zimatha kupita kukazitape limodzi ndi amuna amuna 6 kapena 6. Munthawi yokolola, nsomba zimayandikira kwambiri m'mphepete mwa nyanja, zimazungulira ndikuchita bwino, koma nthawi yomweyo zimakhala ndi chidwi chochepa.

Kusodza kwa Pike

Kuti musangalale ndi pike yomwe yagwidwa, muyenera kudziwa njira za usodzi nthawi zosiyanasiyana za chaka. Poyamba, ndikofunikira kusankha posankha ndodo yosodza.

Kutengera nyengo ndi mtundu wa usodzi.

Ndodo yopindika ndi njira yodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi yomwe ndiyabwino kupatula nyengo yachisanu.
Pakusodza kwa nyengo yozizira, ndodo yapadera yosankhidwa imasankhidwa.
Pakusodza kwa nyengo yozizira, ovala zovala nawonso ali oyenera
M'miyezi yotentha, kuwedza kwa ma pike kumakhalanso kotheka kukhala ndodo yosodzi yoyambira.

Mtundu wofala kwambiri ndi ndodo yopota. Koma muyenera kuyisankha poganizira kulemera kwa nyambo, kuponyera mtunda, kulabadira zovuta. Mukasankha ndodo ya usodzi, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa masupidwe amasaka.

Izi ndizomwe ma pike olemba:

supuni,
obisika a mitundu yosiyanasiyana,
ma silicone,
nsomba yamoyo (nsomba nyambo).

Ndikofunikira kusankha nyambo yoyenera, uwu ndi luso lenileni lomwe asodzi akhala akuphunzira kwa zaka zambiri. M'dzinja, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yamitundu iwiri kapena yowala, ya ma silicone asodzi posodza ma pike. Pa usodzi wozizira, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito balancers a chikasu, lalanje.

Pike amaluma bwino pansi pa ayezi pamiyala yofiira ndi yoyera. M'chilimwe, mutha kusankha ma bauble asiliva ndi agolide, maubweya wazachilengedwe, utoto wa holographic.

Yang'anani pike pakati pa nkhalango, pansi pa nkhono, m'madzi osaya. Kutentha kwa chilimwe, kuzungulira kwa mtundu wa SP ndikwabwino, komwe kumatha kudzutsa chilombo chogwiritsa ntchito kuchokera pansi. Chachikulu ndichakuti mukwaniritse njira yolumikizira zingwe, kukulitsa nyimbo ndi kuyesa nyambo.

Nthawi zabwino kwambiri za kuwedza kwa ma pike ndi nthawi ya masika ndi yophukira. Kuluma kwambiri kumachitika mu Epulo-Meyi komanso kuyambira mu Ogasiti mpaka pakati pa Okutobala.

Ubwino ndi phindu la zopatsa

Pike imathandiza ngati gwero la mapuloteni komanso zinthu zina zofunikira. Ngakhale kuti ilibe mafuta ambiri, imathandizanso kwambiri pakulimbana ndi chitetezo chamthupi komanso mantha.

Zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu ndi zopatsa thanzi pa 100 g:

zopatsa mphamvu - 80 kcal,
mapuloteni - 19 magalamu,
mafuta - 1 gramu,
chakudya - 0,9 magalamu.

Pike fillet ndi wolemera mu retinol - vitamini yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa maselo, imayang'anira thanzi la khungu, tsitsi, mafupa ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Komanso mu pike pali mavitamini a B, rutin, vitamini D. Kuphatikiza apo, nsombayo imakhala ndi zinthu zambiri komanso ma macrocell ambiri.

Nsomba zimakhala ndi potaziyamu ndi sodium, ayodini, selenium, magnesium ndi phosphorous. Zinthu zonsezi zimakhudza thanzi la dongosolo la endocrine, limasinthasintha ntchito ya mtima.

Ntchito Yophika

Pike ikhoza kukonzedwa mosiyanasiyana, kutengera zomwe munthu amakonda. Pike yokhazikika imawonedwa ngati chakudya chamaphwando kumayiko ambiri achisilavo. Komanso, nsomba yokazinga, yosungidwa mu msuzi wa phwetekere, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ma-meatballs ndi ma meatballs.

Pike losuta komanso lamchere limawerengera ngati chakudya. Komabe, madokotala salimbikitsa kudya nsomba. Zomwe sizinapangidwenso ndi kutentha, chifukwa zimatha kupatsirana ndi mphutsi, zomwe ndizodzala ndi matenda.

Pike ndi woimira nyama zamtsinje wodabwitsa. Kwa asodzi omwe amadziwa zamakhalidwe ake, mitundu ya nyambo ndi njira zodziwedza, sizivuta kugwira pike yake.

Kodi mwakhala ndi CATCH yayitali motani?

Munali liti komaliza kugwirira mapiritsi / mitembo / mitembo yambiri?

Nthawi zonse timafuna kupeza zotsatira kuchokera ku usodzi - kugwira nsomba zitatu zokha, koma ma kilogalamu khumi ndi awiri - izi ndi zomwe adzagwidwe! Aliyense wa ife amalota za izi, koma si aliyense amadziwa bwanji.

Kugwidwa kwabwino kumatheka (ndipo tikudziwa izi) chifukwa cha nyambo yabwino.

Itha kukonzedwa kunyumba, mutha kugula m'masitolo asodzi. Koma m'masitolo ndiokwera mtengo, komanso kuphika nyambo kunyumba, muyenera kuthera nthawi yambiri, ndipo, molondola, kutali ndi nyambo zonse zapanyumba zimayenda bwino.

Kodi mukudziwa kukhumudwitsidwa pamene mudagula nyambo kapena kuphika kunyumba ndikugwira mapaundi atatu kapena anayi?

Ndiye mwina ndi nthawi yoti mutengere mwayi wogulitsa chinthu, ntchito zomwe zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi komanso machitidwe pamitsinje ndi m'madziwe aku Russia?

Zachidziwikire, ndibwino kuyesa kamodzi kuposa kumva kangapo. Makamaka tsopano - nyengo yenyewe! Kuchotsera kwa 50% mukamaitanitsa ndi bonasi yabwino!

Pike: kufotokozera

Ma pikes amakhala omasuka m'matupi amadzi ndi acidity ya dongosolo la pH-4.75. Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mpweya mu dziwe kuyambika, wolusa amayamba kukhala ndimavuto opumira. Chifukwa chake, ma pikes nthawi zambiri amafera nthawi yozizira m'matupi amadzi, pomwe mpweya wa okosijeni umatsikira kwambiri. Kutengera izi, titha kunena mosabisa kuti pike imakhala yomasuka m'mikhalidwe yamadzi oyera opangidwa ndi mpweya.

Maonekedwe a pike

Pike imatha kukula mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka m'litali ndi kulemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 30, kapena kupitirira apo. Nsombazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake othamangitsa, omwe ali ndi mutu waukulu komanso kamwa. Mtundu wa nyama yolusa imadalira momwe moyo ungakhalire, kapena makamaka kukhalapo kwa nyama zam'madzi. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wake umatha kusiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wa imvi kapena mtundu wonyezimira, womwe umakonda mthunzi wa gawo la dorsal. M'mphepete, pamatha kukhala mikwingwirima yopingasa, komanso malo akulu a bulauni kapena maolivi, amdima wakuda. Zipsepazo ndizopakidwa ndipo zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a lalanje. Nthawi zambiri, m'madzi ena mumakhala milipofu yasiliva.

Chochititsa chidwi! Mutha kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna pogwiritsa ntchito kutsegulira kwa urogenital: Amuna, kutsegulaku kumawoneka ngati kotsika kopendekera, ndipo mwa akazi izi kutsegulidwa kumayamba ndi mawonekedwe ozama otchulidwa ndi malire a pinki.

Pike imatha kusiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi mitundu yambiri ya nsomba ndi mutu wake wamlitali kwambiri ndikutulutsa nsagwada zotsikira. Mitengo yamiyeso yosiyanasiyana imakhala pa nsagwada yakumunsi, chifukwa cha komwe pike imatha kugwira ndikugwira nyama yake mosamala. Mano otsala ndi ang'ono, malekezero ake omwe amawongoleredwa mkati mwa pharynx ndikutambalala mpaka kumalowedwe amkamwa.

Kapangidwe kam kamamwa kameneka kamaloleza kuti pakhale kupyola mkatikati mwa pakamwa popanda mavuto, ndipo poyesera kuti atuluke, mano amagwira mwamphamvu komanso molimba. Makhalidwe a pike ndikusinthana kwakanthawi kwa mano omwe amapezeka pa nsagwada yapansi. Monga lamulo, mano olowa m'malo amakonzedwa m'mizere limodzi mkati. Mizere iyi ya mano imagwirizana ndi mano omwe alipo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mapangidwe otchedwa "mabanja a mano."

Ngati mano ogwira ntchito ayambitsidwa, ndiye kuti ntchito zake zimapita kwa mano obwezeretsera omwe amapezeka m'banjamo. Poyamba, mano awa sanakhalebe olimba, koma patapita nthawi amakhala olimba ndikukula mpaka nsagwada.

Mano amatha kusinthidwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale pike ndi a banja limodzi. Apa zambiri zimatengera momwe ziriri mu nkhokwe inayake. Monga lamulo, izi zimachitika ndikubwera kwanyengo inayake, pomwe pike iyamba kusaka nyama yochepa kwambiri.

Khalidwe la moyo wamunthu wodya zoseweretsa

Mosasamala kanthu kuti kusungako, pike amakopeka ndi mitengo yayikulu yamadzi am'madzi. M'madera ngati amenewa, nkhalangoyi ikhoza kusuntha kwakanthawi, kudikirira kuti ilandidwe. Pakakhala chakudya choyenera m'munda wakuwoneka, pikeyo amapanga kufinya mwachangu komanso kowopsa. Ziribe kanthu momwe pike amagwira nyama yake, imameza, kuyambira kumutu.

Monga lamulo, osewera omwe adazolowera amadziwa komwe pike ikhoza kukhala. Chifukwa chake, amaponyera nyamboyo pafupi ndi nkhokwe zam'madzi am'madzi ndikuyika pamalire a madzi oyera.

Chosangalatsa kudziwa! Pike, monga nsomba zina, amakonda kusekeredwa ndi dzuwa, motero mumatha kuwona kuchuluka kwakukulu pike pafupi ndi gombe.

Pike, ngakhale yayikulu, nthawi zambiri amayendera magawo ang'onoang'ono achisungiko. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri kumatha kugunda ma pikipi akuluakulu pafupi ndi gombe. Nyamayi imakhala momasuka nthawi zonse pakakhala mpweya wabwino wokwanira. Nthawi zambiri samatha kukhala ndi moyo pomwe mpweya wa okosijeni umatsikira kufika pa 3.0 mg / lita. Mikhalidwe yofananira ndiyomwe imakhalako nthawi yachisanu, pomwe malo amadzi ophimbidwa ndi ayezi ndipo mpweya wabwino usalowe m'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, algae amayamba kuvunda mzere wamadzi ndi pansi, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri mpweya.

Monga lamulo, pike nthawi zonse amakhala m'malo osungirako komwe amayembekezera kuti awagwire. Zipinda zitha kukhala zachilengedwe komanso zopangidwa ndi anthu, motero zimatha kupezeka pafupi ndi milatho kapena madamu. Kukhazikika kwa mitengo yakugwa ndi mbuna m'madziwe ndi malo abwino kwambiri ogwirira. Pike yaying'ono ikagwera makamaka m'madzi osaya, ndiye kuti pike yayikulu ikhoza kupezeka yakuzama, koma mulimonsemo, pike imayang'ana pobisalira pabwino. Pike imadzipangira ndikudzipeza yokha chifukwa chokhazikika chifukwa cha kupenya kwamaso, komanso kugwedezeka kwapang'onopang'ono komwe mzere wake wotsatira uku utenga.

Red-pike kapena American Pike

Malo omwe amakhala ndi madera akum'mawa a North America. Zosiyanasiyana zimayimiriridwa ndi ma subspecies awiri: pice yakumpoto ndi kumwera (udzu). Oyimira izi subspecies samakula motalika kuposa theka la mita ndipo samalemera kuposa 1 kg. Izi subspecies amasiyanitsidwa ndi kanthawi kofupikitsidwa pakamwa. Nthawi yomweyo, zipsepse zopanda mtundu wa lalanje, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi pike wamba.

Pike Maskinong

Ichi ndiye chachikulu koposa, pomwe ndiyimira kawiri kwambiri pa banja lino. Amwenyewo adadzitcha kuti "choyipa choyipa". Chidambwachi chilinso ndi dzina lachiwiri - "chimphona chachikulu", chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu. Akuluakulu amafika kutalika kwa 2 metres, pomwe akulemera mpaka 35 kg. Kutengera ndi malo omwe amakhala, nyama zomwe zimadya zitha kukhala ndi silvery, brown-brown kapena green green. Pa mbali ya pike pakhoza kukhala malo owoneka kapena mikwingwirima.

Pike wamizere kapena wakuda

Itha kumera mpaka kutalika kwa 0,6 metres ndi kulemera pafupifupi 2 kg, ngakhale kuli umboni kuti pike yamtunduwu adagwidwa yolemera 4 kg. M'mawonekedwe, pike milozo akufanana ndi pike wakumpoto. Nthawi yomweyo, amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi zithunzi zomwe zimakhala pambali ya wolusa. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mzere wakuda, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe pamwamba pamaso ake.

Amur pike

Mtundu wa nyama zodyerazi zimasiyanitsidwa chifukwa chakuti ndizochepa pang'ono poyerekeza ndi pike wamba. Munthu payekhapayekha amatha kukula kutalika kupitirira mita imodzi, ndi kulemera kosaposa 20 kg. Chachilendo chake ndi masikelo ang'ono, omwe ali ndi siliva kapena golide wobiriwira wobiriwira. Pike ya Amur imatikumbutsanso mtundu wa taimen ndi mtundu wa masikelo, popeza imakhala ndi malo ambiri akuda bulauni omwe amwazikana mosiyanasiyana thupi lonse, kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumapeto ndi mchira.

Zaka zingapo zapitazo, mtundu wina udapatula pike ku Italy, womwe kale unkadziwika kuti ndi pike wamba.

Pa gawo la France, zaka 4 zokha zapitazo, mitundu ya pike idatchulidwa kuti pike ya Aquitaine. Malingaliro siotchuka kwambiri, monga tafotokozera posachedwa.

Chochititsa chidwi! Zoyimira za haibridi sangathe kubereka mu vivo, chifukwa chake, anthu odziimira pawokha sakhalapo.

Habitat, malo okhala

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mitundu yodziwika bwino - mitundu yonse ya ma pike ndiofala m'matupi ambiri amadzi ku North America ndi Eurasia. Pike yakumwera kapena yaudzu imapezeka m'matupi amadzi mu Mississippi River Basin, komanso ku Atlantic Ocean Basin.

Chochititsa chidwi! Pike ikhoza kupezekanso m'matupi opanda madzi mu Gulf of Finland, Riga ndi Kuril Bay, yomwe ndi ya Baltic Sea, komanso ku Taganrog Bay Nyanja ya Azov.

Black Pike ndi nkhwangwa yaku North America yomwe imapezeka m'mitsinje ndi m'madzi omwe ali ndi zomera zam'madzi zambiri, kuchokera m'mphepete mwa Canada ndikutha ndi gawo la dera la Florida, komanso Great Lakes ndi Mississippi River Valley.

Amur pike ndiofala m'malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Sakhalin Island ndi Amur River.

Pike waku Italia amakonda kukhala m'madzi aku North ndi Central Italy.

Zakudya za Pike

Popeza pike ndi nsomba yomwe imadya, zakudya zake zimaphatikizapo nsomba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, monga roach, nsomba, ruff, scavenger, siliva bream, etc. Pankhaniyi, nthawi zambiri m'mimba mwa pike simayimilira akulu komanso mabanja a pike. Kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira, makamaka mbalame zazikulu zimadyera achule ndi nkhwangwala zosungunuka.

Pali nthawi zina pomwe nyama yolusa imeneyi imayamwa pansi pa madzi osati mbalame zazikulu, makoswe ndi mbewa, agologolo ndi oyenda pamadzi, zomwe pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana zimathera m'madzi. Ngati tiona kuti pike imatha kukula kwambiri kuposa mita, ndiye kuti pali mwayi woti nyama zodyerazi zizitha kulanda abakha akuluakulu, makamaka panthawi yomwe mbalameyo imasungunuka komanso osatha kulowa mumlengalenga. Kuphatikiza apo, trike pike imatha kugunda nsomba, zomwe kukula kwake ndizoposa 50% ya kukula kwa mdani.

Malinga ndi akatswiri, amitundu yotsika mtengo, komanso mitundu yambiri ya nsomba imakhala yayikulu pakudya kwa pike. Pankhaniyi, ma pike sangathe kuyambitsa kuvuta kwakukulu kwa asodzi. Ngati pike, ngati nyama yolusa, ikasowa posungira, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kuti kuwonjezeka kosalamulika kwa mitundu inanso ya nsomba zodya nyama, monga perch ndi ruff, kwayamba. Zidolezi, zomwe sizili zazikulu poyerekeza ndi pike, zimatha kudya mazira amtundu wina wa nsomba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba, kuphatikizapo pike.

Njira zoberekera

Mu chilengedwe, zazikazi ndizokonzeka kuyikira mazira mchaka chachinayi cha moyo, ndipo amuna amakhala okonzeka kukumana mchaka chachisanu cha moyo. Kutentha kwa madzi kukakwera mpaka +5 madigiri, ichi ndichizindikiro kuti pike iyenera kupita. Monga lamulo, izi zimachitika madzi oundana akasungunuka. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kumera kwa ma pike kale kuposa mitundu ina ya nsomba. Nsomba zamtundu wina zikabadwa, "matenthedwe" amakula kale mpaka kumatha kuwadya. Chifukwa cha izi, palibe vuto ndi chakudya cha pike yaying'ono.

Nyama imazungulira m'mphepete mwa nyanja pakuya kwa 0,5 mpaka mita imodzi. Panthawi yophukira, pikeyi imachoka m'madzi osaya ndikuyika mazira m'malo maphokoso. Choyambirira, anthu ochepa adakhazikika, ndipo pamapeto pake, amawonetseratu. Nthawi yowaza imagwera pamasewera pomwe mitsinje imachoka m'mphepete mwake. Nthawi yomweyo, mitengo imathiridwa, ndipo madzi akumalo amatentha msanga. Kwenikweni, pike ndi kutumizidwa kumadera otere, pozindikira kuti mazira amadzuka mwachangu kwambiri.

Wamkazi amapita kukazunguliridwa ndi amuna atatu kapena asanu, omwe amamutsatira, koma nthawi yomweyo amakhala theka la thupi kumbuyo kwa mkazi. Mukamasuntha, amphongo amakanikizidwira pachikazi, kuchokera kumbali ndi kumbuyo, kotero nthawi imeneyi mutha kuwona momwe thupi lapamwamba la nsomba limasambira kuchokera m'madzi, limodzi ndi zipsepse.

Akazi akamaterera, amapukutira pamizu, tchire ndi zitsamba zam'madzi zam'madzi, komanso zinthu zina. Pamapeto pa ntchito yopanga, akazi amatha kudumphira m'madzi.

Chochititsa chidwi! Kutengera nyengo nyengo, mwachangu kuchokera ku caviar amawonekera pakatha sabata 1 kapena 2. Poyamba, nsomba za pike zimadyera anyani ang'onoang'ono, patapita nthawi, "odyetsa" amayamba kudya nsomba zina.

Kutengera ndi kukula kwa nyama yomwe imakhala ndi chilombo, wamkazi amatha kuikira mazira 17 mpaka 200, pafupifupi 3 mm kukula kwake. Mazira amakhala omata pang'onopang'ono ndipo patapita masiku angapo sangathe kugwira zinthu. Chifukwa cha izi, kupita patsogolo kwawo kumachitika pansi pa posungira. Ngati madzi amatsika msanga, ndiye kuti izi zimapangitsa kuti mazira ambiri afe. Izi ndizowona makamaka m'malo osungira, momwe madzi osakhazikika, omwe amawongoleredwa mochita kupanga.

Adani achilengedwe a pike

Popeza kuti nyama yolusa imeneyi imatha kukula kwambiri, nkovuta kuganiza kuti pike imakhala ndi adani achilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri mbalame za m'mimba za chiwombankhanga zimakonda kusaka nyama. Ku Siberia, anthu akuluakulu amakhalanso osowa kwambiri, chifukwa ma taimen amatha kuthana ndi pike yamtundu uliwonse.

Kummwera chakum'mwera, nyama ya pike imadwala chifukwa chotchedwa catfish. Ngati pike idakali yaying'ono, ndiye kuti perch ndi rattan, komanso pike lalikulu, akuisaka. Kuphatikiza pa adani achilengedwe, pike ali ndi mdani woopsa - uyu ndi bambo yemwe akuyamba kuwedza asodzi. Kulandila pike la trofu ndiye maloto omaliza a osewera osewerera. Titha kunena mosabisa kuti kusaka kwa ma pike, makamaka m'zaka zaposachedwa, kwakhala kofala kwambiri, komwe kungakhudze kwambiri kuchuluka kwa nyama zosewerera.

Mtengo wosodza

Pike wakula mwachangu m'mikhalidwe yochita kupanga, chifukwa amawonedwa ngati mankhwala othandiza kwambiri pakudya. Nyama ya Pike imakhala ndi mapuloteni ochulukirapo ndipo ndimaperesenti atatu okha a mafuta, osawerengera zofunikira zina zomwe zimatengedwa mosavuta ndi thupi laumunthu. Izi ndizofanana ndi nsomba zam'madzi zilizonse, chifukwa chake nsomba zimayenera kupezeka mu chakudya chamunthu. Chifukwa cha nsomba, munthu amakwanitsa kusunga zakudya zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la munthu mwachindunji. Chifukwa chake, pike ndi nsomba zodziwika bwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama yolusa imakulira ku nazale za m'madzi ndipo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chodziwitsira nsomba komanso masewera.

Pike agwidwa mwachangu masiku ano ndi asodzi amateur, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zamakono kwambiri zam'madzi za izi. Izi zidatheka chifukwa cha ntchito zamakampani amakono, zomwe zimapanga zida zapadera zamagetsi, komanso ndodo zodalirika komanso zolimba, kuphatikizapo zida zina zothandizira. Zogwira ndizogwira kwambiri kotero kuti ndizotheka kuti pike posachedwa lingasinthe kukhala "Zamoyo zomwe zitha kuzimiririka", makamaka kumadera ena. Pike imatha kukhalabe yokhayokha m'malo osavomerezeka omwe munthu wopanda mayendedwe apadera sangathe.

Posachedwa, kuchuluka kwa mafani akuwunikira kusodza kwa nyama zodya nyama kwakula ndipo, zosamveka, aliyense ali ndi cholinga chogwira pike. Ndipo izi zikuchitika chifukwa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi magalimoto amunthu chakwera. Nthawi zina zimakhala zodula kwambiri kugula nsomba kuposa kugula nsomba m'sitolo, koma siziletsa anthu, chifukwa kuwedza ndichinthu chosangalatsa kwambiri. Munthu aliyense amafuna kuthera mlunguwo ndi phindu lake, wopangidwanso ndi mphamvu. Izi ndizofanana ndi nthawi yathu ino, chifukwa zachinyengo za tsiku ndi tsiku zimatenga mphamvu zambiri, zathupi komanso zamaganizidwe.

Anthu ena okonda kusodza amakonda malo osungiramo ndalama, chifukwa nsomba zikutsimikiziridwa pano. Ichi ndichizindikiro chabwino, chifukwa m'malo osungirako nsomba amachitidwa, ndipo kugwira nsomba kumayendetsedwa.

Kubwera pike

Kutulutsa kwa pike, monga lamulo, kumachitika pokhapokha atasungunuka madzi oundana ophimbira m'nyengo yozizira, nthawi imeneyi kutentha kwamadzi kumawotha mpaka madigiri 3-6 Celsius, ndipo chilengedwe chimakhala chokomera kwambiri. Pike - nsomba zomwe zidayamba kale kuposa ena. Ndizosangalatsa kuti pakukonzekera kwathunthu kwa pike caviar amakonda kwambiri - madzi ozizira, odzazidwa ndi mpweya. Kutentha kwakubwera, pike imayamba kufunafuna malo oti utulukirepo - nthawi zambiri malowa ndi osaya kwambiri osungiramo madzi osungika mpaka mita imodzi.

Akazi ndi okonzeka kutulutsa zaka 4, ali amuna okhwima pachaka chimodzi, kapena awiri pambuyo pake. Pakadali pano, afika kale masentimita 30 ndipo amalemera kupitirira 400 g - ndi omwe amatsegula nthawi yowerengera, pambuyo pake amaphatikizidwa ndi ma pikes apakati komanso akuluakulu, omwe amakhala ochulukirapo. Pakatha milungu ingapo, mphutsi zimaswa.

Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa kuti kuwedza kwa ma pike nthawi yowuma ndizoletsedwa, nthawi yoletsa madzi am'chigawo chilichonse imatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha.

Pike Habitats

Pike ndiye nyama yolusa kwambiri ikafika kwa anthu okhala dziwe. Pali malo okwanira mumtsinje chifukwa chogwira ntchito kwathunthu. Koryazhniki, tchire la m'mphepete mwa mitengo ndi mitengo, malovu amchenga ndi malo okhala ndi malo okumbikakumbika ndi malo abwino opangira ma pikes, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azipeza nthawi yayitali.

Tikhale pamalo omwe nsomba zimachita bwino kwambiri:

Koryazhniki - chilengedwechi chikuyimiriridwa ndi mitengo yomwe idasefukira, nthambi zakugwa, mitengo yomwe imachepetsa kuyenda kwa madzi ndikupanga madontho achilengedwe mwakuya. Zotsalira za nkhuni ndi zinyalala sizingokhala chakudya chokha, komanso malo abwino osungirako omwe amalola osaka kusaka.
Madzi osaya ndi nthenga - madzi oundana akangotuluka mu chosungira ndipo madziwo akatenthe mpaka kutentha kwambiri, nsomba zimayamba kusiya maenje ake ozizira. Chifukwa chake ndikuwuza kumene kuli madzi osaya, pomwe madzi amatentherera mwachangu, ndikuyimira otumizidwa oyamba. Nsomba zimadzimva bwino mu udzu wambiri wa udzu.
Mchenga wamchenga - wolusa amatsatira ma bawa makamaka m'mawa ndi madzulo, zomwe zimayenera kukumbukiridwa pokonzekera usodzi. Ndipo pali cholungamirapo chosavuta pa ichi - inali nthawi iyi kuti panali nsomba zazing'ono zomwe zinakhala nyama yabwino yolandila.
Mphepo yamkuntho ndi malo ena okongola a pike. Mitsinje yamitundu yonse ndi ngalande zam'madzi zomwe zimalepheretsa kuyenda kwamadzi nthawi zonse zimakopa zilombo. Maenje komwe kulipo sakukondedwa kwambiri.
Madera a Bridge - m'munsi mwa mlatho, malo omwe amapezekapo, ndikupanga ma vortices. Malo oterewa ndi abwino kwa nsomba zokonda mtendere - chakudya cha pike. Nyamayi imabisala mumthunzi wa mlatho, zomwe zimapereka chiwopsezo pompopompo.

Pike Life Kuzungulira

Pali nthano kuti pike imakhala mpaka zaka 300 ndipo imatha kutalika mita 6 pakadali pano, koma ichthyologists adatsimikizira kuyambira kalekale kuti msambo wa nsomba nthawi zambiri sufika zaka 35, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 2 metres. Pachaka choyamba, padziwe kuti lili ndi chakudya chochuluka, ana agalu amatha kukula mpaka 30 cm ndikulemera masentimita 400-500.

Chakudya cha Pike

Pike ndi wadyera, amadya nyama mwapadera. Sangatengeke kuchokera ku mazira, imakhalabe m'malo mwa masabata pafupifupi awiri mpaka chikhodzodzo chikhazikika. Akumva njala, amayamba kuyenda mokhazikika posungira, amasankha malo opanda madzi komanso kudya ma invertebrates, komanso tizilombo tambiri ndi nyongolotsi. Pofika mu Juni, ma pike-eels amayamba kudya nsomba zina, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakonda kudya komanso zimasaka, pofika nthawi yophukira chakudya chimayimiriridwa ndi nsomba zokha. Pikeflies amakula ndikukula msanga, mchaka matupi awo amafika masentimita 15, amakula mpaka 200 g, pazaka zochepa 42-45 cm ndi 700 g.

Nsomba zimayambira pakudya kwa pike, koma pofuna ina yabwino, ndikofunikira kudya mbalame zazing'ono zam' mitsinje, achule, ngakhale makoswe.

Nthawi zambiri, chakudya chimatengedwa m'mawa ndi madzulo, pomwe tsiku limapatsidwa kuti apumule ndikugaya chakudya. Panthawi ya zhor, anthu amadya pafupifupi nthawi yonseyo, akusaka mothandizidwa ndi masheya am'maso komanso fungo lapadera.

Zipu zoyambirira zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi nthawi yodziwikiratu, nthawi zambiri imakhala kumapeto kwa February kapena koyambirira kwa Marichi. Koma yachiwiri - ndi nthawi yowerengeka yowonekera ikugwa mu Meyi-koyambirira kwa June. Ndipo, pomaliza, nthawi yachitatu ya zhora, yomwe imagwera mu kugwa.

Njira zogwirira ma pike

Ma angler amakono ali ndi luso m'njira zambiri pike pike, koma tiziwona zabwino kwambiri:

Spinning - kugwirira Pike pa kupota nthawi yopambana kwambiri ndikoyambira kwa nthawi yophukira - zhor yogwira. Malo otsetsereka, maluwala, malo a nkhwangwa zamtchire - malo abwino kwambiri kuwedza pamenepa. Ndodo zamakono ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, zoperekedwa m'masitolo apadera, zimakupatsani mwayi wopeza zotsatira zabwino.
Kupindika kwa Jig - Posachedwa, kuwedza kwa ma pike pa nyambo ya jig kwatchuka kwambiri. Ndipo zonse chifukwa zimakupatsani mwayi wophimba thupi lamadzi ndikusiyana kwakuya. Wiring wolowera amakupatsani mwayi kuti mufufuze mita iliyonse ya malo osungira.Mwa njira, mukasodza, onetsetsani kuti muwonjezera gawo la kugwera kwa nyambo, chifukwa pike imakopeka kwambiri ndi kuwedza kwa nsomba.
Ma wobblers kuti ayike - mwina zokopa zabwino kwambiri masiku ano ndizobisalira, zabwino pamadziwe okhala ndi pansi. Poterepa, nyambo iyenera kuchitika mwachidule pang'onopang'ono ndikusuntha kwa chingwe kusodzi. Ndipokhapo mudzatha kudikirira kuluma.
Pa nyambo yamoyo - ena okonda kutota amakonda njira yausodzi, kutanthauza nyambo yeniyeni. Zingwe ndi makosi ndiziwothandiza kwambiri pamenepa. Zozungulira zimakhazikitsidwa kuchokera m'bwatomo, ndipo ma renti amamangidwa pa tchire lambiri, nthawi zambiri mitengo. Chingwecho chimasanjikizidwa panthawi yomwe Pike agwira nyambo yamoyo. Chizindikiro chapadera chausodzi ndicho kutembenuza bwalo. Zherlitsy, m'malo mwake, iyenera kuwunikidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, yomwe siyabwino kwenikweni.
Kuyenda pansi - pofunafuna pike ya trophy mu dziwe lalikulu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito bwato lamagalimoto. Ndodo zingapo zopota zimaponyedwa nthawi yomweyo m'madzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zitheke. Kuphatikiza pa ndodo za usodzi komanso kuthamangitsa, musaiwale kugula wopeza nsomba yemwe amatsogolera bwatolo pamalo abwino kwambiri.

Pike Bait

Kusodza ma Pike ndichinthu chosangalatsa komanso chosangalatsa. Koma munjira zambiri, zotsatira za usodzi zimadalira momwe mumafikira posankha nyambo ya pike. Usodzi wofalikira unayambira kuyambira kuchiyambiyambi kwa zaka zana lomaliza, munthawi yomwe zidatha kusintha zinthu zambiri, udatha kuchita bwino.

Kuchokera pa nyambo pamsika, maso amadzuka:

Ma spoon-baits ndi mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yazovala zodalirika komanso zotsika mtengo, koma sizosavuta kusankha njira yabwino, makamaka poyambira. Ndi chifukwa chaichi kuti kuli bwino kupeza gulu lonse la akatswiri osintha, kuti kudzera pazinthu zofunikira kuti muwone opambana. Njira zazikulu zosankhira nyengo ndi nyengo ya kuunikira: mu nyengo yadzuwa ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma bales oyera, osawoneka bwino nyengo yodzaza ndi nyambo ya saturated chikasu ndiyothandiza kwambiri, nyengo yadzuwa ndikuphimba kwa mitambo ndikofunikira kuphatikiza zosankha zonsezi.
Wobblers - njira yamakono yosinthira ma spinner, yomwe yatchuka m'zaka zingapo zapitazi. Kupambana koteroko kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi assortment yayikulu komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana pamsika. Kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri, muyenera kuyamba kuchokera ku zakudya zamasiku onse nsomba.
Ma Jig nyambo - nthawi zambiri oyenera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nthomba, zomwe asodzi ambiri adazikonda. Koma posankha nyambo ya asodzi a pike, muyenera kusankha zomwe zingatsike pang'onopang'ono pansi. Kuphatikiza apo, nyambo ya jig iyenera kukhala yayikulupo komanso yowala kuti mdaniyo ayang'ane.

Zakudya za Pike

Pike ndi nyama yolusa, yomwe imapatsa nyama yake kukoma. Mkulu wambiri wa gluten umapatsa mbale za pike kusinthasintha kwapadera. Koma pali drawback imodzi - kukoma kwake, komwe si aliyense amene angakhale nako. Kukoma, mwa njira, zimatengera komwe munthu amakhala komanso zakudya. Komabe, mutha kuchotsa, kukhala ndi zinsinsi zina zophikira.

Pazakudya zachikhalidwe, pike ali ndi malo apadera, popeza ndi luso lodziwika mosiyanasiyana. Pike imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga nsomba msuzi, aspic, yokutidwa ndi bowa, yokazinga ndi yophika, ndipo nkhumba imapanga cutlets zabwino komanso zrazy. Pike amakonda kwambiri zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira, amapita bwino ndi basil, adyo, rosemary ndi mpiru, uchi, bay tsamba komanso anyezi wobiriwira. Mtundu wa mbale yotsirizidwa zimatengera zonunkhira komanso kuchuluka kwa zomwe zingawonjezedwe. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a maolivi kuphika pike, nthawi yayitali, kirimu.

Kalori pike

Pike amatchedwa mfumukazi yamadzi ndi mitsinje, imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu kuphika ndipo ili ndi mavitamini ambiri. Koma pali mwayi wina wosasinthika - ma calorie otsika. Tinamuthokoza kuti pike anali ponseponse mu mapulogalamu azakudya ndi zamankhwala. Pali 84 kcal okha pa 100 g ya nyama ya pike.

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