Kuyenda ndi abwenzi
Pakati pa ma corals, ngati munda wa paradiso!
Koma ngati wina akuwopseza
Wolakwayo akuwopsezedwa.
Dzinalo limakupangitsani kulemekeza!
Ndife okongola, mitundu yonse ndi mitundu.
Chifukwa chake palibe chifukwa chokhumudwitsa -
Madokotala ochita opaleshoni yamadzi adzabweza madandaulo.
Zowopsa poyerekeza ndi kukongola -
Inde pah! Koma musangotimenya.
Tili kunyumba kunyanja - koma inu dikirani
Ndi bwino kusasokoneza eni ake.
Tawona chilichonse chikuyenda pakompyuta - -
Nyenyezi yathu yomwe idasewera Dory *?
Kodi mukufuna cholowa? Bwerani pafupi.
Sanamve kuti pali maudindo atsopano?
Ndipo nthawi zina timasowa mu chete,
Ndipo ndikufuna kuwala pamiyala!
Kutulutsa, inde, kwa yemwe ife timayendetsa kwa munga.
Koma kusungulumwa sikungachepe.
Chifukwa chake, posachedwa.
Ndipo apa ochita sewerawo - osachepera kukoka intaneti!
Ndife amtendere, ndikhulupirireni, njonda,
Osasamala kupanga ubwenzi ndi anthu.
Kuchokera pamndandanda "Ambuye a Nyanja"
Surgeon kapena nsomba ya scalpel ndi nsomba ya m'madzi ya banja la opaleshoni yomwe imakhala m'madzi otentha ndi madzi otentha. Pazonse, pali mitundu 9 ya mitundu ndi mitundu ya 72, kutalika kwa thupi kuyambira 10 cm mpaka 1 mita. Ndi za banja la nsomba la Acanthuridae. Nsomba yochita opaleshoniyo imadziwika ndi dzina lakelo kwa ma spikes akuthwa komanso owopsa omwe ziphuphu zawo zamkati zimapangidwa; ma spikes awa ndi akuthwa kwambiri ndikufanizidwa ndi tsamba la opaleshoni. Zimatengera nsomba zowopsa kwa anthu.
Nsomba za ku Surgeon zimakonda kukhala m'madzi otentha momwe muli miyala ya coral. Dokotala wochita opaleshoni ya buluu ndiofala ku dera la Indo-Pacific. Kuyambira, kuchokera ku Africa kupita ku zilumba za Hawaii, mutha kuonananso ndi dokotala wazovala zamiyendo. Dokotala wovala mabele oyera amapezeka pagombe la Kenya, Maldives, Seychelles, Indonesia.
Nsomba zimakhala ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, zimakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, zomwe zangoyamba zakale zimawonetsa kuteteza gawo lawo. Wamphongo wamphamvu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi akazi angapo, koma izi sizimalepheretsa munthu aliyense kukhala ndi malo akeawo. Izi nsomba, zimangofunika moyo wabwino.
Monga lamulo, mamembala onse a banja la opaleshoni ndi nsomba zochepa. Amatha kupezeka akuya kwa mita 30, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale mwakuya. Nthawi zambiri, nsomba zojambulazi zimakonda miyala yamiyala yam'madzi, matanthwe a algae, miyala ya pansi pa madzi.
* Ndani adawonera chojambula chodziwika bwino chokhudza nsomba za Nemo ("Kupeza Nemo"), mwina amakumbukira mnzake - Dory. Iyi ndi nsomba yomweyi yomwe imayiwala zonse. Chifukwa chake, mmalo mwa Dory anali nsomba yowonetsa!
(Source of information: http://dallennamefish.ru/fish150=ruba-hirurg, http://nashirybki.ru/rybki/ryba-xirurg.html,
Nsomba Zoopsa za Nyanja Yofiirayo: http://svr.su/content/item/1298/, http://www.o-prirode.com/news/2014-07-23-563,
"Nsomba ya surgeon - nyenyezi ya cinema":
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGF_xp_WYLI
Chithunzi: Collage:
1. Dotoloyo ndi wamtambo kapena wachifumu (Dory yemweyo),
2. Dokotala waku Arabia
3. Opaleshoni ya Achilles,
4. Dokotala waku Japan.
Kodi woimira banja opaleshoni amawoneka bwanji?
Nsomba zowala izi zimakhala ndi chowonongera. Kutalika kwa matupi awo ndi kuyambira masentimita 15 mpaka 60.
Kuchokera kumbali, thunthu lawo limakhala lofanana. Mulingo ukupezeka kokha m'malo ofananira nawo. Nyamazo zimadziwika ndi nsomba zowala chifukwa cha zipsepse zake, zomwe zimakhala ndi mautsi kutsogolo.
Nsomba za Surgeon zili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana modabwitsa.
Mtundu wa nsomba izi umasiyana kwambiri. Amatha kukhala abuluu, buluu, bulauni, lalanje komanso obiriwira. Nthawi zambiri, nsomba zawo zimakongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ina, yomwe nsomba zazing'onozi zimazindikiridwa ngati ziweto zapamadzi za ku aquarium.
Opaleshoni yamoyo wa nsomba ndi zakudya
Monga lamulo, mamembala onse a banja la opaleshoni ndi nsomba zochepa. Amatha kupezeka akuya kwa mita 30, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale mwakuya. Nthawi zambiri, nsomba zojambulazi zimakonda miyala yamiyala yam'madzi, matanthwe a algae, miyala ya pansi pa madzi.
Kuthengo amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, koma izi sizilepheretsa munthu aliyense kukhala ndi malo akeawo. Izi nsomba, zimangofunika moyo wabwino.
Opaleshoni ya buluu.
Nsomba yochita opaleshoni imatsogolera moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, panthawiyi pali zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kusambira kwamadzi pansi pamadzi.
Monga lamulo, algae ndiye gwero lalikulu la zakudya zopangira maopareshoni.
Kodi kuchotsa kwa ana mu opaleshoni kumachitika bwanji?
Kuyambira mu Disembala ndi kutha mu Julayi, kutulutsa kumachitika mwa nsomba yochita opaleshoni. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti nsonga za zochitika zimachitika mwezi wonse.
Dokotala wothandizira opaleshoni ya ma yellow.
Mosachepera pamadzi, nsomba zowonetsa dokotala zazikazi zimasesa pafupifupi mazira 40,000. Pakhilogalamu imodzi ya dzira limodzi ndi pafupifupi mamilimita 0.7. Mphutsi zimatuluka mazira pafupifupi tsiku limodzi.
Patatha masiku asanu, mphutsi za nsomba yochita opaleshoni tsopano zimayamba kudya zokha pa plankton.
Obala a nsomba izi amati kubzala mu ukapolo nkovuta. M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, nsomba izi zimabereka bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri am'madzi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zovuta kubereka ana.
White-eye-chested fish.
Mtengo wosodza
Nyama ya nsomba yochita opaleshoni imawonedwa kuti ndiyotsekemera, koma osati yokoma kwambiri. Akatswiri amati zonsezi chifukwa cha zitsamba za nsomba zomwe zimadya.
Mwinanso, chilengedwe chinapanga nsomba zodabwitsazi kuti zisawadye, koma kuti azisangalala nazo!
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Kodi nsomba zimamwa madzi?
Mwachidule, inde ndi ayi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti nsomba zamtundu wina zizikhala ndi mchere wambiri m'madzi ndi matupi awo (mosiyana ndi madzi oyera komanso nsomba zam'madzi). Mutha kujambula mawu ambiri, koma ndibwino kuti muwone kanema yemwe wamasuliridwa ndi mafotokozedwe amitundu iyi: vk.com
Yankho labwino 2 2
Kodi zabwino zamafuta nsomba zitha kuwonedwa ngati zatsimikiziridwa? (maulalo ofufuza ndiolandiridwa)
Chitha. Mafuta a nsomba amapezeka makamaka kuchokera ku chiwindi cha nsomba zamakhola. Ndipo iyi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zochepa zopezeka ndi vitamini D.
Kubwerera mu 1913, dokotala waku Chipolishi S. Rachinsky adalumikiza mphamvu yakuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kusinthika kwa chizindikiro cha rickets mwa ana (pazifukwa zina izi sizinalembedwe pa Wikipedia), ndiye, mu 1914, Mellenby wa Chowona Zanyama zaku England adawona kuti agalu omwe amamwa mafuta a nsomba samadwala ma rickets. Ndipo mu 1922 pomwe zidawonetsedwa kuti mafuta, omwe sanatchulidwepo nthawi imeneyo, m'mafuta a nsomba, omwe mwachidziwikire adatulutsidwa ku vitamini A, amachiritsa ma ricores. Mankhwala amatchedwa Vitamini D ndi malingaliro osavuta modabwitsa: pofika 1922, mavitamini A, B, ndi C adapezeka.
Vitamini D yokha imapangidwa pakhungu mothandizidwa ndi ultraviolet B (UVB - wavelength 290-320 nm). Misewuyi imayenera kugunda pakhungu madigiri 35, koma kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Epulo chiwonetsero ichi cha ma radiation a UV chimadutsa kutalika kwathu tangentially (Moscow, St. Petersburg). Ichi ndichifukwa chake pakupitilira kwathu, mavitamini D ayenera kupezeka ndi chakudya kapena mawonekedwe a zowonjezera za ana ndi achikulire athanzi pamoyo wawo wonse. Tiyeneranso kulabadira kuti Vitaminiyu ali ndi katundu woti athe kudziunjikira minofu ya adipose ndikuwonetsa kawopsedwe. Chifukwa chake, mlingo wa vitamini D umasankhidwa ndi endocrinologist kapena dokotala wa ana.
Kanema
Gulu la ochita opaleshoni yamiyala yamiyala yamiyala
Nsomba za ku Surgeon - nsomba zam'madzi zomwe zimakhala pamathanthwe a coral. Mulinso mitundu 80 ya mitundu isanu ndi umodzi. Wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa asodzi oyenda panyanja. Nsomba yochita opaleshoniyo ndi ya banja la nsomba la Acanthuridae. Zamoyo zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimakhala pamakoma a miyala yapa coral Red Sea. Zipsepse zawo za caudal zimakhala ndi ma pulleti akuthwa, owala kwambiri kotero kuti amafanizidwa ndi tsamba la opaleshoni ya scalpel. Pazifukwa izi, dzina la mtundu "Fish Surgeon" lidachitika. Nthawi zambiri gawo limodzi mwa awiriwa amapezeka mbali iliyonse. Nsombayo ikakhala m'malo abata, mavuvu amaikidwira kumtembo ndikuwanyamula m'miyala yapadera pakhungu, dokotalayo akaona kuwopsa, amawongolera mbali zake, ndikuwasandutsa chida chowopsa. Zimatengera nsomba zowopsa kwa anthu. Opaleshoni amatsogolera moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, amakumana payekhapayekha, pamagulu a nkhosa ngakhale m'magulu akulu. Ambiri mwa anthu m'banjamo amadya algae, ena amadya plankton ndi detritus. Kutalika kwa thupi kuyambira 10 cm mpaka 1 mita. Utoto wa maopaleshoni ndiowala kwambiri, osiyanasiyana. Thupi limatha kukhala lamtambo wowoneka bwino, wamkaka wachikasu kapena wofiirira. Eni ake okhala ndi bulauni nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Mphutsi za madokotala ochita opaleshoni ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi makolo awo, sikuti amangokhala ndi utoto wosiyana, komanso alibe mawonekedwe - matayala amchira. Pangani chiweto chanu kukhala nyenyezi ya o-prirode.com. Chitani nawo mbali pa mpikisano. Tikuyembekezera zithunzi za nyama zanu. Dziwani zambiri za HEREAdvertising
Kujambulanso zolemba ndi zithunzi kumangololeza ndi tsamba lolowera pamalowo:
Kodi dzinalo limachokera kuti?
Omwe am'madzi am'madzi amatchedwa nsomba za opaleshoni (ndipo nthawi zina nsomba za scalpel) chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chawo chachikulu - chimakhala chakuthwa ngati lumo, chomwe chimakhala pamwamba ndi pansi pa mchira. Nsomba zimagwiritsa ntchito izi kudzitchinjiriza.
Nthawi zina osasamala komanso osankha, atasankha kukhudza nsomba yokongola, amakhala ndi mabala akulu kwambiri. Ndi kuvulala kotere, nthawi zambiri, kuphatikiza pochiza chilonda chokha, anti-allergic prophylaxis ndiyofunikira, chifukwa zimachitika payekha m'thupi.
Kodi nsomba yochita opaleshoni imawoneka bwanji?
Madokotala ambiri opanga opaleshoni ndi ochepa kukula - mpaka masentimita 40 kutalika kwake, masentimita 15-18. Zowona, palinso dokotala wa opaleshoni yodabwitsa yemwe amakula mpaka mita kutalika.
Nsomba za surgeon zilibe thupi lalitali kwambiri, maso akulu ndi pakamwa pang'ono. Amadyera kwambiri algae, nthawi zina kuphatikiza plankton mu zakudya zawo.
Mitundu ya nsomba izi ndi yokongola komanso yosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, thupi lonse la dokotala wochita opaleshoni yopaka utoto limapakidwa ndi mikwingwirima yopepuka ya chikaso cha buluu. Wopanga maopaleshoni yoyera-yoyera ndi buluu wowala, wokhala ndi chikomokere chachikasu ndi mutu wakuda. Dokotala waku Arabu wokhala ndi mikwaso yakuda ndi mawanga a lalanje pansi pa zipsepse zamakutu amayang'ana pang'ono pang'ono.
Kodi madokotala ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhala kuti?
Nsomba za ku Surgeon zimakonda kukhala m'madzi otentha momwe muli miyala ya coral. Dokotala wochita opaleshoni ya buluu ndiofala ku dera la Indo-Pacific. Kuyambira, kuchokera ku Africa kupita ku zilumba za Hawaii, mutha kuonananso ndi dokotala wazovala zamiyendo. Dokotala wovala mabele oyera amapezeka pagombe la Kenya, Maldives, Seychelles, Indonesia.
Dokotala waku Arabu amakhala kumadzulo kwa Indian Ocean - kuchokera ku Persian Gulf kupita ku Nyanja Yofiira.
Opaleshoni mu aquarium
Kwa mitundu yowala ya asodzi am'madzi amakonda kwambiri. Komabe, kupitiliza opaleshoni sikophweka. Choyamba, nsomba zamtunduwu ndizofunikira kwambiri paukhondo wamadzi. Kukula kwake, mwa njira, ayenera kukhala okwanira malita 1000. Kuphatikiza apo, amalimbirana gawo ndipo amakhala olimbirana kwambiri ndi nsomba zina (makamaka amuna amasiyana mu izi).
Mwachilengedwe, madokotala ochita opaleshoni amakhala okha, osonkhana m'matumba okha panthawi yakubzala.
Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zochita opaleshoni zimaswana kwambiri muukapolo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake oyimilira amtunduwu omwe agwidwa munyengo zachilengedwe nthawi zambiri samalowa m'madzimo, koma amagwidwa kumalo achilengedwe. Nsomba "zakuthengo" zotere ndizovuta kwambiri kuzolowera nyengo yam'madzi.