Ku Brazil, mtundu wamitundu ya nsomba umakhala, kukula kwake komwe kumakondweretsa munthu yemwe adayamba kuwawona. Akuluakulu amatha kutalika kwa thupi la 2,5 m, ndi kulemera - mpaka 200 kg. Mikhalidwe yazachilengedwe komanso moyo wam'madzi amtunduwu sanaphunzire pang'ono ndipo akuyembekezerabe kafukufuku wawo, yemwe sawopa kuti apite kunkhalango ya nkhalango ya Amazonia.
Arapaima amakhala m'mitsinje yomwe ikuyenda mumtsinje wautali kwambiri ku America - Amazon ndipo imapezeka ku Brazil kokha, komanso ku Peru, Guyana.
Thupi la arapaima nsomba likuwoneka ngati chingwe chachikulu ndi mchira wamfupi. Mapeto ake amakhala ngati fan. Utoto wa arapaima ndi wapadera.
Kumbuyo kwa nsombayo kumasintha mtundu kuchoka pa mtundu wakuda bii kukhala ubweya wonyezimira; kufupi ndi mchira, mtunduwo umasintha kukhala mtundu wake. Milozo yayikulu yomwe imaphimba thupi la nsomba imakhala yonyezimira kuchokera ku pinki kupita pabiri. Dzinalo piraruku limamasulira ngati nsomba zofiira. Nyama ya Arapaim ndiyakoma komanso modabwitsa. Inagwidwa mopanda chisoni ku madera a Peruvia ndi Brazil aku America. M'malo mwake amasaka nsomba ndi harpoon. Palibe amene anaganiza kuti chiwerengero cha arapaima chikuchepera.
Arapaima (Arapaima gigas).
Pamapeto pa zaka 60 zapitazo, nsomba zochepa kwambiri zidakumana ndi ukonde. Ndipo pokhapokha boma la Latin America limayesa kuchitapo kanthu kuti asunge mtunduwu mwachilengedwe. Chowonadi ndi chakuti arapaima sichiri chakudya chokoma chokha, chimakhala chifukwa cha chidwi chawo akatswiri a sayansi, chamoyo chomwe chimasungidwa kuyambira nthawi ya ma dinosaurs. Zoposa zaka 135 miliyoni, nsomba zamtunduwu zimapezeka m'malo achithaphwi cha ku Amazonia.
Kuti mukhale ndi moyo pazinthu izi, arapaim imasinthika kofunikira kuchokera pakuwonekera kwa chisinthiko - imapuma mpweya wamlengalenga, nthawi ndi nthawi imakwera pamwamba pa malo osungira mphindi khumi ndi zisanu zilizonse.
Umu ndi momwe okonda kusodza omwe adakumana nawo atakumana ndi arapima amafotokozera momwe amapumira: Kusambira munthawi yoyenda asodzi, bwato laling'ono limayandama pafupi ndi galasi la Amazon. Mwadzidzidzi, madzi akuloza m'bwatolo anayamba kugudubuka, pakamwa pa chinsomba chachikulu chinatuluka, ndikuwulutsa mpweya ndi mzimu. Asodziwo adayang'ana modabwa ndi chilombo chiwiri, chamtundu waumunthu, wokutidwa ndi chipolopolo. Ndipo chimphona chija chinalaula mchira wofiyira -mwazi ndipo chinasowa kulowa pansi ... ".
Chifukwa cha morphology yakale, nsombayi imadziwika kuti ndi nkhokwe yamoyo.
Njira yopumira iyi imadziwika ndi mitundu ya nsomba zokha. Madzi a Rio Moro, Rio Negro, mitsinje ya Rio Pasa ilibe mpweya wocheperako. Arapaima ali ndi chikhodzodzo chakusambira, pharynx yokutidwa ndi minyewa yam'mapapu, yomwe imapangitsa kupuma kwa mpweya mumlengalenga ngati madzi atapuma.
Nsomba ikuphatikiza madzi mumtsinje kukafunafuna chakudya. Imagwira nsagwada zazing'onoting'ono ndikudzipukuta ndi lilime lamiyala yamphamvu, yomwe mwa anthu wamba imakhala ndi sandpaper. Mu mtsinje wa Amazon, arapaima ndi osowa, chifukwa amakonda kukhala m'madzi opanda phokoso komanso masamba ambiri. Pomwe panali kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa arapaima mu Nyanja ya Rimai, ndipo pakakhala vuto ndi kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa nsomba zapadera, malo adapangidwa pano kuti awone chitukuko.
Kugwira nsomba zamtundu wachilengedwe ngati arapaima ndizopambana.
Ku Brazil, zoyesayesa zikuchitika kuti zikulime arapaim m'madziwe; pali umboni kuti nsomba imamera mizu yamadzi ndi madzi otentha ndipo imakula mwachangu kasanu kuposa carp. M'nkhalango ya Peruvia Loreto, madera obwezeretsa zachilengedwe a Arapaima adapangidwa. Pano, posodza, muyenera kugula laisensi yapadera kuchokera ku Unduna wa Zaulimi. Anthu osakwana 1.5 m saloledwa kugwira ndikugwira. Mwachilengedwe, nyalugwe amagwiritsa ntchito arapaima, imadikira kuti nsomba zopanda pake ziyandikire kumtunda ndikudumphira, ndikukoka kumtunda ndikupita kuphwandoko.
Arapaima imabereka mosangalatsa. M'dzenje laling'ono lamatope, mkaziyo amaikira mazira. Zikuoneka kuti nsomba imakumba mbewa kuti ikadzaberekenso ndi pakamwa pake. Kukula kumachitika m'malo ochepa ndi madzi opanda phokoso, akuya pafupifupi mapazi asanu. Wamphongo amayenda malo osankhidwa kwa masiku angapo, ndipo wamkazi amasambira pafupi ndi mtunda wa mamita 10-15. Mwachangu amakhala m'mink kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Wamphongo samachoka pamalo ofunikira ndikusambira pafupi. Kenako mbewuyo imatsatira yamphongoyo ndi kugwira kagulu kakang'ono pafupi ndi mutu wa kholo.
Akatswiri adapeza mabowo pamutu wa arapaima momwe ma glands apadera amatulutsira zinthu za mucous, zimathandiza ana kuti amamatirane. Okhala m'deralo adasankha nsomba zazikulu ngati "mkaka" womwe amadyetsa ana awo. Koma uku ndikulingalira kolakwika.
Nsomba zazikuluzikulu za arapaim ndi imodzi mw nsomba zazikulu kwambiri zamadzi padziko lapansi.
Mwachangu, kufikira zaka za masiku 7, idyani pa plankton. Kuti apume mpweya, gululo lonse limadzuka ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi yamphongo. M'madzi abata, mwachangu kuphweka kumakhala kosavuta kupumira, chifukwa mumphepo yamkuntho mafunde akusokoneza mayendedwe amlengalenga.
Ngati nsombazo zikataya makolo awo, ndiye kuti gulu lonse limasweka. Koma ana osiyidwa samasiyidwa. Amaphatikizidwa ndi mbadwa za arapaim wina, nthawi zina ngakhale wamkulu kwambiri wokhala ndi mwana wamasiye.
Makolo akamwalira, mwachangu amayamba kusambira m'malo ambiri amadzi ndikusakaniza ndi masukulu oyandikana ndi nsomba.
Zodabwitsa kuti, kulimba kwa miyeso ikuluikulu ya arapaim ndiokwera kwambiri maulendo 10 kuposa mafupa.
Izi zimawonjezera mwayi wopulumuka mu nsomba zamtunduwu. Mafani a nsomba za aquarium amasamalira bwino ndi kubereka arapaim muzochita kupanga. Ngakhale nsomba ndizambiri, zimawoneka zodabwitsa m'madzi. Makina amtundu waukulu amafunikira kukonzekera bwino, chifukwa nthawi zambiri mumphika yodutsamo arapaim imagunda makoma ndikufa.
Pakudya, amathamangitsa nyama mozungulira. Amakonda kudya South Aravana yaku South America, yomwe m'malo mwake momwe imakhalira malo osungirako ngati arapaima.
Zomera zimachitika mu Epulo kapena Meyi. Arapaima amasankha malo osaya ndi mchenga pansi komanso madzi oyera. Pogwiritsa ntchito zipsepse, nsomba imakumba chisa chakuya masentimita 15 ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 50.
Nthawi zina mu chisa chomwechi amamera kwa zaka ziwiri. Arapaima amakula msanga kwambiri, munthu m'modzi mu aquarium zaka zisanu wakula pafupifupi theka lamamita.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.