Ambiri adamva nthano ya Ravens of the Tower, omwe akhala zaka 300. Nkhaniyi ndi yokongola, koma sayansi singatsimikizire izi ngati izi. Pali umboni kuti pa nthawi yaimfa, akhwangwala omwe amakhala ku nsanja kwa nthawi yayitali anali ndi zaka 44. Koma kwenikweni, Greater, a pinki flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) kuchokera ku Adelaide Zoo (Australia), adakhala wolemba zokhala ndi mbiri yokhala ndi moyo wautali. Adamwalira mu 2014 ali ndi zaka 83.
Omenyera kwa nthawi yayitali amadziwika pakati pa ma condor komanso ma parrots akuluakulu monga cockatoo kapena macaw. Zolemba zonse za moyo wautali zimadziwika m'ndende. Mwachilengedwe, abale a mbalamezi amakhala ndi moyo wocheperako, chifukwa kukalamba sikutengera chinthu chokhacho chomwe chimatsogolera pakufa kwa thupi.
9. Njovu yaku Asia - wazaka 86
Nyama zoyamwitsa zomwe zimakhala pamtunda, njovu yaku Asia (Elephas maximus) ndi amene amalemba. Zowona, izi ndi ngati titapatula munthu pamlingo (komabe, zoyambirira ndi za Homo sapiens - pali zitsanzo zambiri zokhala ndi moyo wautali ndi kudutsa kwazaka zana). Nkhani za njovu za ku India, ndiye kuti zimatha kukhala zaka 60-70.
Ndi kukalamba, incisors akupera ndipo sangathenso kukonza mbewu chakudya. Nyama yatsala. Ku ukapolo, mothandizidwa ndi anthu, zimphona zimatha kutalikitsa kwambiri - pali milandu yodziwika pamene njovu imamwalira ndi zaka 86 ku zoo.
8. Nyanja ya Greenland - zaka 200
Mwa zolengedwa zonse zomwe zimayamwa, nsomba za ku Greenland zimakhala ndi zolemba, zomwe zingakhale zaka mazana angapo kapena kuposerapo. Mpaka pano, mlandu umodzi wokha ndi womwe umadziwika kuti nyama yamtunduwu ikafa yakeyokha, ndipo sichinachitike, mwachitsanzo, munthu.
Nyangayo ilibe adani achilengedwe. Koma amatha bwanji kulimbana ndi ukalamba? Monga akatswiri a sayansi yaku biology ku University of Alabama adazindikira, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mutu wammutu zili ndi njira zomwe mwa zina zimathetsa matenda akuluakulu okalamba, kuphatikizapo khansa. Nyama imakhala ndi moyo wodekha kwambiri.
7. Giant Seychelles kamba - zaka 250
Akamba am'madzi am'madzi a Seychelles a Megalochelys gigantea amatha kupulumuka mpaka zaka zapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo ndi akatswiri pakati pezvinakwamba. Zikuwoneka kuti chilengedwe chinapatsa akambuku majini achilengedwe omwe amalepheretsa ma telomeres, malekezero a zingwe za DNA, kuti asafupikitsidwe pambuyo poti gulu lina lapanga.
Palinso chifukwa china chomwe chimakhala chosavuta kwa kamba kuti uzidzisungira kwazaka zambiri. Pokhala nyama yamagazi ozizira, sizigwiritsa ntchito zinthu zofunikira zathupi kuti izisungitsa kutentha kwa thupi. Izi zimachepetsa katundu pazinthu zamtima komanso kupewa.
6. Greenland polar shark - zaka 500
Shaki ya Greenland polar, yomwe ndi lalikulu, pang'ono ndi pang'ono, komanso yokhala m'madzi ozizira a Atlantic, mwina itha kukhalabe ndi moyo zaka chikwi. Pamenepo, kuzizira ndi mdima, komwe kulibe kwina kothamangira ndipo palibe amene angawope, nsombayo idapanga pang'onopang'ono metabolism, yomwe, mwachiwonekere, inali chifukwa chachikulu chokhalira ndi moyo. Inde, kuchulukana mwachangu kulibe ntchito - chakudya choyambira chamagulu oopsa sichikhala zopanda malire. Chifukwa chake, pakubadwa ana ochepa, ndipo shaki yachikazi imakhwima pofika zaka 150.
5. Siponji - zaka 2300
M'malo ena munyanja mutha kupeza zolengedwa zaka 300 zapitazo nthawi yathu ino. Thupi la chinkhupuliracho limakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri za maselo amitsempha komanso meschesi yokhala ngati madzi onunkhira pakati pawo, kusefa madzi kuti liwone china chopatsa thanzi.
Pakakhala zopanda misempha, moyo umakhala wophweka kwambiri kuti uzitha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 2300, monga chinkhupule cha Xestospongia muta, chomwe chimatchedwanso chinkhupule chachikulu cha mbiya. Komabe, pali akatswiri azaka zana limodzi pakati pa ma invertebrates am'madzi. Wodziwika bwino kwambiri ku Arctica Islandica, yemwe adakhala zaka 507.
4. Pine Metuselah - zaka 5666
Timalankhula za kutalika kwa mitengo, nthawi zambiri timakumbukira mitengo ndi mitengo ikuluikulu, koma m'malamulo ake muli opikisana. Wopikisana nawo kwambiri pa mbiri yonseyi ndi spinous intermountain pine (Pinus longaeva) Methuselah, yomwe imakula m'mapiri a North America. M'badwo - zaka 5666.
Emyaka gy'ekyamagero ekya Old Tiikko spruce, ekikuula ku Mount Fulu mu Sweden, kigambibwa okubaawo emyaka 9560! Zowona, thunthu lomwe lilipo ndi laling'ono kwambiri, ndipo mizu yakale idakhala zaka masauzande ambiri, pomwe, pambuyo pa kufa pachimtengo chimodzi, mtundu watsopano wofanana ndi womwe udakula. Ndizothekanso kuti spruce yomwe imayalidwa ndikukhazikika pomwe nthambi yomwe idapinda pansi idazika mizu ndikubereka chomera chatsopano. Mwambiri, Old Tiikko ndi mtengo wamakhola, ndipo mitengo yamitengo yolumikizidwa ndi mizu imatha kukhalapo kwa zaka masauzande.
Mbeu zobzala zitha kukhalanso nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Asayansi aku Russia atakula mbewu za resin-stenophylla), zomwe zakhala pansi pazaka 32,000.
3. Mabakiteriya a Chemotrophic - zaka 10,000
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala pansi pa pansi pa nyanja pakuya kwa 700 m titha kupsinjika kwambiri ndi kutentha kwambiri (pafupifupi madigiri 100), ndipo kupatula apo, timakhala zaka zosachepera 10,000 - kuchokera ku magawano mpaka magawo. Zoyala zazitali zazitali zapezeka mu zitsanzo za dothi zomwe zimapezeka pakubowola kwa seabed kuchokera ku chombo cha sayansi cha JOIDES. Mwina, moyo wakalewu ulipo pafupifupi zaka 100 miliyoni - uwu ndi m'badwo wazakudya zomwe ma sampuli adatengedwa.
2. Ololera a Bacill Bacillus - zaka 250 miliyoni
Mu 2000, pepala linafotokozedwa kuti ofufuza aku America adatha kudzutsa zilolezo zaka 250 miliyoni za Bacillus ku hibernation, zomwe zidapezeka muzosungidwa zamchere (New Mexico). Zaka kotala biliyoni zonsezi, bacilli adalipo mwa ma spores, mkati mwake momwe machitidwe a metabolic adayimiradi.
1. Jellyfish Turritopsis dohrnii - muyaya
Jellyfish Turritopsis dohrnii nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kuti wosafa. Moyenera, amatha kukhala ndi moyo kosatha. Umu ndi momwe a jellyfish wamba amaberekera. Gawo loyamba lakapangidwe ka chiwalo kuchokera m'maselo ophatikiza ndi polyp (monga zomwe zimapanga matanthwe a coral). Panthawi inayake, polyp amabereka jellyfish. Ndipo iye, atakula, amatenga nawo mbali mu kubereka ndikufa. Ma jellyfish okhwima sangathe kubwerera ku gawo la polyp. Koma osati Turritopsis dohrnii - imamatira pang'onopang'ono isanayambike nyengo zovuta, ndipo maselo ake amasintha, ngati kuti abwerera "ana". Kenako polyp imatulutsanso nthomba ya jelly ... Ndipo zikuwoneka kuti palibe malo oti munthu afa chifukwa cha metamorphoses awa.
Mbiri yokhala ndi moyo wautali pakati pa anthu ndi ya Frenchkazi Jeanne Kalman, yemwe adakhala zaka 122 (1875−1997). Zitha kuwoneka ngati kuti zinyama (ndipo ife pakati pawo) zakhumudwitsidwa mwachilengedwe. Komabe, nthawi yayitali yamoyo ndicho chinthu chongopanga posankha anthu. Ndipo ngakhale njenjete za tsiku limodzi zikapitilizabe kukhala ndi moyo, kuchulukana, ndi kuchuluka, ndiye kuti njirayi yalandiridwa molondola, komanso tsogolo la munthu, monga akatswiri asayansi amafotokozera, zilibe kanthu kuti chisinthiko. Chilichonse chomwe sichimwalira kwa nthawi yayitali chimakhala cha zakale kapena chokhala ndi moyo "wotsepheretsa" moyo. Ndipo palibe aliyense wa ife amene angafune kukhala bacterium kapena jellyfish.
Zaka zana
Nyama, poyerekeza ndi zinthu zina, zimakhala ndi moyo wautali. Koma awa ndi mitundu yochepa chabe, maimidwe otsala sanatalike. Whale wopondera mutu amaimirira, wowerenga mbiri yeniyeni.
Bowhead whale
Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti zaka zotheka za chimphona ichi ndi zaka 211. Amuna atatu anaphunziridwa, omwe zaka zawo zadutsa zaka 100 (m'modzi mwaiwo mwapezeka zakale wazaka zana).
Komanso, modabwitsa, pali munthu (komanso mayi). Amatha kukhala zaka zoposa zana, ndipo mbiri yakale ndi ya a Jeanne Kalman, wazaka 122. Ngakhale panali anthu, ndipo alipo tsopano, amene amakhala motalikirapo, koma sangatsimikizire izi ndi zikalata.
Killer whale
Orcas amathanso kukhala ndi moyo zaka zana, wojambulira pakati pawo ndi munthu wina dzina lake Granny, yemwe anali ndi zaka 103. Koma njovu, zomwe zimathanso kudzikuza, sizifikira zaka, malire awo ali pafupifupi zaka 80.
Mbalame zamakedzana
Amakhulupirira kuti akhwangwala anzeru amakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa mbalame ina iliyonse. Ndipo zaka zawo zimatha kupitilira zaka zana limodzi, kapena ngakhale zaka mazana awiri. Koma izi sizowona, akhwangwala, omwe anali ndi zaka 59, adawerengedwa mwalamulo, uku ndiye malire. Koma pali mbalame zomwe zaka zake zikuyandikira zaka zana limodzi.
Ara parrot amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 60-80, pomwe zaka za kubereka kwawo zimakhala zaka 30 mpaka 35. Mwambiri, mbalamezi ndi mbalame zotenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kumalo ena osungira nyama kumakhala nkhono wokongola wotchedwa Cookies, yemwe adabwenzanso mu 1933.
Cookie parrot adakhala zaka 83
Mwachidziwitso, ma albatross amatha kukhala ndi zaka zambiri. Pakadali pano, akatswiri a zamankhwala amadziwa mwana wamwamuna wotchedwa Wizd, yemwe posachedwa anali ndi zaka 63 ndipo akusungabe anapiye. Flamingo Gritter amakhala m'malo ena osungira nyama kwa zaka 83.
Kutalika Kwakukulu
Oyambirira kwambiri am'mazana ndi, akada, ndi akamba. Mwa awa, ngwazi zazikulu Seychelles zimawonekera. Munthu yemwe wagwidwa pachilumba cha Aldabra amakhala ku Calcutta Zoo pafupifupi zaka 250. Dzina lake anali Advaita.
Katswiri wina wamtundu womwewo, Jonathan, akusungidwa pachilumba cha St. Helena, posachedwapa ali ndi zaka 186. Kwa zaka zana limodzi, akambuku amodzi okha ndi akambuku a ku Galapagos adakhala, mwachitsanzo, Lonely George, woimira womaliza wa mabungwe ake.
Njovu kapena Galapagos
Ziphuphu
Pazilumba zing'onozing'ono zingapo kufupi ndi gombe la New Zealand, abuluzi akale amakhala, anzako a ma dinosaurs, iyi ndi tuatara. Munthu m'modzi, wamwamuna wotchedwa Henry, adakwanitsa zaka 117.
Tuatar Lizard (Hatteria)
Zaka 10 zapitazo, nkhanu zikuluzikulu zinagwidwa ku Atlantic. Monga asayansi atsimikiza, zaka zake zinali pafupifupi zaka 150. Ngakhale amafuna kugulitsa ndikudya ndalama zambiri, anthu adakwiya ndipo zigawenga zimasulidwa.