Chosadabwitsa, mbalame ya paradiso ndi wachibale wa banja la corvidae. Monga mbalame zambiri zaku paradiso, ndi wokongola modabwitsa. Pali mbalame yayikulu paradiso ku Australia ndi ku New Guinea. Imakhala m'mapiri, yokhala ndi udzu, komanso m'mapiri, ngakhale malo otsika mpaka 900 metres pamwamba pa nyanja.
Monga tikuonera pachithunzichi pansipa, amuna okha ndi mbalame yayikulu ya paradiso ndi amene amawoneka bwino. Zachikazi zimawoneka zodekha. Mbalame ya paradiso ndizovuta kudziwa. Ndikosavuta kuchita izi pokhapokha panthawiyi, mbalamezi zikauluka ndege zazifupi pakati pamizere yowirira. Pakuuluka, mapiko a mbalameyi amatulutsa khwangwala wooneka bwino. Mbalame ya paradiso imakhala ndi ndodo zazitali, pomwe imamatirira mosavuta nthambi za mbewu. Kutalika kwa Claw ndi pafupifupi 12 mm.
Mbalame Yaikulu Ya Paradiso Wamkazi wamkazi wa paradiso
Mlomo wa mbalame ya paradiso ndi wamphamvu kwambiri, wokhoza kuthyola nthangala zolimba kwambiri za mbewu. Kuuluka kwa mbalame ya paradiso ndizachilendo: imayenda mozungulira ngati munthu wochimwa - mwina kupita m'mwamba kapena pansi. Makulidwe a mbalame mpaka 50 cm, ndipo kulemera kwa thupi mpaka 200 g. Maziko a chakudya cha mbalame ya paradiso ndi mbewu za tirigu, makungwa a mitengo, ndi zipatso.
Chochititsa chidwi ndichakuti, ndi mbalame zachikazi zokha za paradiso zomwe zimasamalira anapiye. Amuna samatenga nawo mbali iliyonse pokonzekera kumanga ndi kudyetsa ana. Mbalame sizipanga awiriawiri omwe amakhala moyo wonse.
Mbiri pang'ono
Mbalame ya paradiso idadziwika ndi anthu kale mu 1522, chifukwa cha zikopa zake zokongola. Adapanga mawonekedwe azinthu zamasiku amenewo. Zikopa zija zidabweretsa ku Europe ndi gulu la amalinyero omwe adabwera kuchokera ku Magellan. Zikopa zija zidadulidwa, zopanda miyendo. Anthu adayamba kulemba nkhani zoti mbalame zakunja sizikhala ndi miyendo ndikutsamira moyo wawo wonse, kumayikira mazira (akuyenera kukhala kumbuyo kwa champhongo chouluka) ndikudya m'mlengalenga. Kunyalanyaza mawu a m'modzi mwa mamembala omwe amatuluka, omwe amati panali miyendo. Zinali zosatheka kale kuletsa anthu ndipo nthano zokongola zidakhazikika mu gulu.
Mu 1824, nthanoyo idawonongeka, dokotala waku France Rene Lasson, akuyenda kuzilumba za New Guinea. anakumana ndi fanizo lamoyomochenjera ndikuyenda miyendo iwiri.
Zikopa zamtundu wotumizidwa ndi amalinyero zapambana kwambiri. Nthenga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe a zovala ndi zodzikongoletsera. Anthu adasokonekera ndi kukongola kosayerekezeka, msungwana aliyense amafuna kukhala ndi nthenga yofananira ndi chipewa chake cha akazi. Kwa kanthawi kochepa kolamulira ku Germany, zikopa zopitilira mbalame makumi asanu zikuluzikulu zichotsedwa kuzilumbazi.
Tsopano, kuwonongedwa kwa mbalame za paradiso ndizoletsedwa kotheratu. Kupatula pa malamulowa ndi: kusaka mbalame kuti zichitike kafukufuku, ndikupanga zodzikongoletsera za anthu a Papuans (choyambirira, izi ndizolipira miyambo, chiwerengero chachiwiri cha mbalame zomwe zimaphedwa ndi a Papu sichidziwika).
Kalanga, chiwopsezo sichinadutse. Nthenga za mbalame zakwera kwambiri pamtengo, ndipo tsopano, ndizopindulitsa kwa osaka.
Kufotokozera
Kutalika kwa mbalame zachikulire kumafika 20 cm, ndipo kutalika kwa mchira ndi 15 masentimita ndi mapiko a 17-20 cm.M'mwamba mwa mutu ndi khosi yokutidwa ndi nthenga zachikasu zagolide. M'mimba ndi kumbuyo kuli nguluwe, ndipo bere ndi lakuda.
M'nyengo yakukhwima, amuna m'mphepete mwa chifuwa amawoneka ngati nthenga zazitali zopota zofiira. Nthambi za nthenga izi ndizitali kwambiri, ndipo zimakupiza zimakhala ngati zopanda mitengo. Nthenga zomwe zili pamapiko zimakhala ndi ubweya wamkuwa.
Mutu ndi wocheperako. Chifuwa ndi masaya adakutidwa ndi nthenga zobiriwira za emerald. Mafuta amkaso wachikaso wowoneka bwino ndi ma eyelon. Mlomo wake ndi wolimba komanso wopindika. Mapazi amapaka utoto wa pinki ndimtambo wamkuwa. Zala zinayi kumapazi, zitatu moyang'ana kutsogolo, ndi chimodzi kumbuyo.
Kutalika kwa moyo wa mbalame ya paradiso kuthengo ndi zaka pafupifupi 12.
Mutu
Mbalameyi imafotokozedwa ndi omwe adapanga dzina loti chilengedwe, Carl Linnaeus, yemwe adatcha dzinalo. Paradisaea apoda, yomwe imatha kumasulira kuti "mbalame yopanda miyendo ya paradiso." Mayina onsewa (generic ndi mitundu) ali ndi mawu akale achi Greek. Mawu paradisaea ndi mawonekedwe osinthika a late latini paradasisus, yemweyo, adabwereka kuchokera ku Chigriki paradeisos, kutanthauza malo osangalatsa (mizu yakuya yamawu imadziwikanso). Onani dzina apoda kuchokera ku mawu ἄπους (kapena ἄ-πους - wopanda phazi). Izi zidachitika chifukwa choyambirira zikopa za mbalame zimaperekedwa ku Europe zonyongedwa miyendo - okhala ku New Guinea ndi Moluccas, komwe mbalameyi imakhala, kale idadula miyendo ndikuigwiritsa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera. Ku Europe, izi zidabweretsa malingaliro olakwika akuti mbalame zowoneka bwino izi zikuuluka kuchokera paradiso ndipo sizinakhale pansi.
Maonekedwe ndi malo okhala
mbalame ya paradiso - Ichi sichamoyo chowoneka bwino, koma cholengedwa chapadziko lapansi. Mu Chilatini, mbalame zoterezi zimatchedwa Paradisaeidae ndipo ndi abale ake oyandikira kwambiri amatsenga ndi akhwangwala, monga gulu la odutsa.
Maonekedwe a zolengedwa izi ndi okongola komanso osakanikirana. Mbalame za paradiso pacithunzi-thunzi Khalani ndi mlomo wamphamvu, nthawi zambiri wamtali. Maonekedwe a mchira, kutengera mitundu, ndi osiyana: amatha kuponderezedwa ndi kutalika kapena kuwongoka komanso kufupikitsa.
Zithunzi za mbalame za paradiso zimawonetsera bwino kuti mitundu ya nthenga zawo imatha kukhala yosiyana kwambiri. Mitundu yambiri imadziwika ndi mithunzi yowala komanso yayitali, nthenga zimakhala zofiira komanso golide, komanso zamtambo kapena zamtambo, pali mitundu yamdima yonyezimira, ngati chitsulo, mithunzi.
Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala okongola kwambiri kuposa atsikana awo ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito zodzikongoletsera zawo pamasewera ovuta komanso osangalatsa. Mokwanira pali mitundu 45 ya mbalame zotere padziko lapansi, chilichonse chomwe chimakhala ndi mitundu yakeyake.
Mwa awa, mitundu 38 imakhala ku New Guinea kapena zilumba zapafupi. Zitha kupezekanso kummawa komanso kumpoto kwa Australia. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, zikopa za mbalame zodabwitsazi zidabweretsedwa ku Europe pa sitima ya Magellan m'zaka za zana la 16, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zidawonekera.
Zovala za mbalamezo zidali zosangalatsa kwambiri kwazaka zambiri mbalame zodabwitsazi zidadziwika kuti zidali ndi mphamvu yochiritsa komanso zodabwitsa. Ngakhale mphekesera zopusa zinali kuzungulira kuti mbalame zotere zilibe miyendo, zimadyera “mame akumwamba” ndipo zimangokhala mlengalenga.
Nkhani zopeka komanso nthano zachabe zidabweretsa kuti anthu amafuna kupeza zinthu zokongola izi, zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizokongola komanso mphamvu zozizwitsa. Ndipo ochita malonda, omwe amangofunafuna phindu, adachotsa miyendo yawo nkutenga mbalame. Kuyambira pamenepo, kwazaka mazana ambiri pakhala palibe chidziwitso chodalirika chokhudza mbalamezi.
Mphekesera zopusa izi zidangotulutsidwa m'zaka za zana la 19 ndi Mfalansa Rene Phunziro, yemwe adayenda ngati dotolo woyendetsa sitima kupita ku gawo la New Guinea, komwe adakhala ndi mwayi wowonera mbalame za paradiso ali ndi miyendo mosangalala kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi.
Kukongola kosafotokozereka kwa zikopa kunasewera nthabwala zoyipa ndi mbalamezo. Anaphedwa ndi zikwizikwi kuti apange zodzikongoletsera za zipewa ndi zinthu zina zovala. Masiku ano, mateti okongola ngati amenewa amatenga ndalama mamiliyoni.
Kusamalira ndi moyo
Mbalame za paradiso, monga lamulo, zimakhala m'nkhalango, zina mwa izo munkhokwe zazitunda zazitali, zokutidwa ndi mitengo ndi masamba. M'madongosolo amakono, kusaka mbalame za paradiso ndizoletsedwa, ndipo kugwidwa ndikungotheka kwasayansi zokha. Ndi Papuans okha omwe amaloledwa kuti awaphe.
Kudzikongoletsa kwa nthenga ndichikhalidwe chawo chakale, ndipo mbalame zochulukanso sizofunikira pazosowa za okhala. Alendo okasangalala amabwera kudzasangalala ndi tchuthi chokongola cha dziko, chomwe ndi miyambo yakuno, komanso zovala zabwino za ovina zopangidwa ndi nthenga za mbalame.
Nzika zalidziwa bwino kugwira mbalame za paradiso, ndikupanga khola m'makona a mitengo, momwe mbalame zimakhalira. Kukopa kosangalatsa kwa mbalame za paradiso kwachititsa kuti ambiri aziswana kwawo. Ndipo mwa kusamala bwino kwa mbalame, izi zitha kukhala bizinesi yabwino. Izi ndi zolengedwa zoyipa, anzeru komanso amoyo, omwe amatha kumvetsetsa kukongola kwake komanso mawonekedwe omwe amawonekera chifukwa chake.
Mbalame zodabwitsa komanso zokongola kwambiri zitha kuonedwa mukadzayendera munda wa mbalame za paradiso Mindo ku St. Mbalame zomwe zimasungidwa kumeneko zimapatsidwa ufulu wonse. Ali ndi mwayi wouluka ndikuyenda mozungulira chipindacho osawopa anthu ndikudziwonetsa mofunitsitsa kwa omvera motsutsana ndi malo okongola, azomera zachilengedwe otentha komanso dziwe lochita kupanga. Amakondweretsa khutu ndi nyimbo zawo, zimadabwitsa ndi mawonekedwe a masewera okongola.
Masiku ano ndizosavuta kugula mbalame za paradiso, ndi zikwangwani zotchuka pa intaneti zitha kuchita izi mwachangu komanso motchipa kwambiri. Gawo lofananalo limasinthidwa pafupipafupi ndi obereketsa ogulitsa wamba ndi mbalame zapakhomo.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Mbalame za paradiso, zomwe zimakonda kupezeka m'malo okhala ndi nyengo yabwino, zimatha kudya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Atakhazikika kunkhalango, amadya nthangala monga chakudya, amatola zipatso zazing'ono, ngati kudya zipatso.
Nthawi zambiri samanyansanso mtundu wina wa nyama zomwe amadya, kudya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, kusaka achule obisala m'mizu yamitengo, kupeza abuluzi ang'onoang'ono mu udzu, amathanso kudya zinyalala.
Nthawi zambiri mbalame zimadya akorona, zimatha kutola chakudya pamtengo wa mitengo, kupeza mphutsi za makungwa, kapena kumapazi kuchokera pansi, kunyamula zipatso zakugwa. Zolengedwa izi ndizosavomerezeka mu zakudya, ndipo zimapeza nthawi zonse zopindulitsa. Ndipo mitundu ina ya mbalame za paradiso imatha kupezeka ndi timaluwa tomwe timakonda kumwa.
Kudyetsa mbalamezi kunyumba ndi nkhani yabwino, chifukwa woweta amafunika kusamala kuti apange zakudya zopezeka ndi mavitamini ndikugwirizana ndi chakudya cha mbalame za paradiso mu chilengedwe. Ndikothekanso kuwadyetsa ndimadye, omwe nkhuku iliyonse yodyetsa nkhuku imabweretsa. Itha kukhala mbewu, zipatso, masamba ndi mizu.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Nyengo yakukhwima, mbalame zamphongo za paradiso zimakopa anzawo mwakuvina, kuyesera kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwawo. Komanso, zimatha kusungidwa m'magulu, nthawi zina angapo. Kuvina kwa mbalame za paradiso - mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri.
Amphongo amtundu wa Salvador wopanda miyendo, wokhala ndi nthenga zagolide, amadzikweza, kubisala mitu yawo pansi pa mapiko ndikufanana nthawi yayitali ndi maluwa okongola a chrysanthemum. Nthawi zambiri kuvina kumatengera pamitengo, komanso kumakhala kusewera kosangalatsa pamphepete mwa nkhalango, komwe mbalame zimakonzekera kwa nthawi yayitali, kupondaponda gawo la sewero, kuyeretsa udzu ndi masamba, kenako ndikuphimba "sitejiyo" ndi masamba atsopano odulidwa pamitengo kuti muthe kuvina mtsogolo. .
Mitundu yambiri ya mbalame za paradiso imakhala yofanana, imapanga magulu awiriawiri, ndipo yamphongo imathandizira mnzake kupanga chisa cha anapiye. Komabe, mitundu yambiri, omwe ali pachibwenzi samapanga awiriawiri ndipo amapezeka pokhapokha akukhwima. Ndipo amayi omwe amayika mazira ndi hatchet (nthawi zambiri palibe ochulukirapo), ndiye kuti amadyetsa ana awo popanda kholo lachiwiri.
Zingwe zomwe zimawoneka ngati mbale zakuya zimapangidwa ndipo zimayikidwa panthambi za mitengo. Mitundu ina, monga, mwachitsanzo, mbalame yachifumu ya paradiso, imakonda kusaka, kusankha mbewa yabwino. Kutalika kwa mbalame za paradiso kumatha kufikira zaka 20.
05.11.2016
"Mbalame za paradiso ndizodabwitsa kwambiri komanso zokongola kwambiri padziko lapansi zomwe zili ndi utoto wa padziko lapansi" (wolemba zachilengedwe Alfred Russell Wallace)
Mbalame za paradiso (lat.Paradisaeidae, Mbalame Yachingelezi ya Paradiso) palibe munthu m'modzi yemwe ati adzasiyidwe, osakopa chidwi cha iwo eni ndi nthenga zawo zowoneka zachilendo, zamtambo zambiri, zofiirira komanso nthenga zazitali zopindika.
Mbalame za paradiso zimakhala m'nkhalango za New Guinea ndi zilumba zazing'ono pafupi (mitundu 39). Komanso, mbalamezi ndizofala ku Moluccas komanso Kumpoto ndi Kum'mawa kwa Australia. Mwathunthu, pali mitundu yoposa 50 ya mbalame zaku paradiso m'chilengedwe.
Munkhalango za New Guinea mulibe zilombo kapena zakudya zambiri, choncho mbalame za paradiso zinali ndi mwayi wopanga
machitidwe a chisinthiko, zodzikongoletsera zawo kufikira momwe asayansi amati zopanda nzeru.
Kukula konseku kumakwaniritsa cholinga chimodzi chokha - kukopa akazi ambiri.
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, mbalame zapadera izi ndi abale apamtima pa akhwangwala athu wamba ndi ma jackdaw ndipo ndi am'gulu la odutsa. Kukula kwake ndi 10 mpaka 80 cm.
Achibale apafupi kwambiri a mbalame za paradiso ndi nyumbayo.
Nthano zambiri ndi nthano zambiri zimalumikizidwa ndi mbalame zaku paradiso, zimadziwika kuti ndi machiritso apadera komanso luso lamatsenga.
Nthenga ndi zikopa za mbalamezi zidayamba kubweretsedwa ku Europe mu 1522 kutuluka kwa Magellan. Maonekedwe awo adadzetsa chidwi chachikulu, ndipo maulendo atumizidwe adatumizidwa ku New Zealand, ndikubweretsa zikopa zikwizikwi za zolengedwa zodabwitsazi, zomwe amaziwononga mopanda chisoni kuti apange zodzikongoletsera za zipewa ndi madiresi achikazi azimayi olemera.
Kuti akhalebe ndi nthenga zochulukirapo, amalinyero ndi amalonda adapanga nthano yodabwitsa kuti mbalamezi zimatchedwa paradiso chifukwa zimawuluka kuchokera ku paradiso, zilibe miyendo ndipo zimakhala moyo wawo wonse kumwamba, zimadya "mame akumwamba". Zinanenedwanso kuti zazikazi za mbalame za paradiso zimaswa anapiye, zomangiriridwa kumbuyo kwa amuna ouluka. Nthawi yomweyo, anagulitsa zikopa za mbalame zokhala ndi ma tchuthi olekanitsidwa.
Kungoti mu 1824, dokotala wa sitima ya ku France Rene Lesson adawona mbalame yamoyo ya paradiso yokhala ndi miyendo m'nkhalango ya New Guinea, ikudumphira nthambi ndikuyamba kudya zipatso.
Kugwa kosakwaniritsidwa kwa mbalame zikwizikwi za mbalame zodabwitsazi kwawathandiza kuti achepetse mwachangu komanso mwachangu komanso kutha kwa mitundu ina yokongola kwambiri. Mu zaka 20 za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, lamulo lidaperekedwa loletsa kusaka, koma kwa nthawi yayitali, mbalame za paradiso zidawonongedwa mopanda chisoni.
Monga lamulo, mbalame za paradiso ndi anthu okhala m'nkhalango, mitundu ina ya mitundu yawo imapezeka mu nkhalango zamapiri zokha.
Kwa nthawi yayitali sizikudziwika kuti ndi mbalame zamtundu wanji za paradiso zomwe zimakhala m'chilengedwe.
Mu 2003, katswiri wa zamankhwala ku Cornwall University Edwin Scholes, pamodzi ndi Tim Laman, katswiri wazamoyo ndi wojambula, adasankha kulemba mitundu yonse ya mbalame za paradiso. Zinawatengera zaka zisanu ndi zitatu komanso maulendo 18 opita kuzikuta zadziko lapansi (zigawo 51). Mothandizidwa ndi zithunzi, makanema ndi zojambulidwa zomwe zidapangidwa mu korona zamitengo yayitali, Scholes ndi Laman adagwira nthawi zosiyana kwambiri m'moyo wa mbalame zachilendo. Chosangalatsa chake chinali kuledzera kwa amuna. Scholes ndi Laman akuyembekeza kuti kulimbikira kwawo (adafotokoza mitundu yonse 39) kukhala chothandizira kuteteza chilengedwe chapadera cha New Guinea, pomwe chilengedwe chimatetezedwa kwambiri chifukwa chosagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngakhale izi, zambiri mwa zomwe mbalamezi zimachita sizikudziwika mpaka pano.
Mitundu yonse ya mbalame za paradiso ndi yosiyana kwambiri mawonekedwe ake wina ndi mnzake. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi utoto wowoneka bwino kuposa akazi, ndipo mitundu yawo yakuda, yofiyira, yachikaso, yobiriwira komanso yamtambo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi chitsulo chamchere. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi ma monophonic plumage
Zambiri mwa zazikazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosawerengeka, kuti zisakope chidwi chake akamakomoka ndi kudyetsa anapiye.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala ndi milomo yosiyana - yayifupi ndi yayitali, yokhotakhota komanso yamphamvu.Mchira umathanso kukhala wochokera kufupi komanso molunjika mpaka pazinthu zazitali kapena zowoneka bwino.
Nthawi zambiri, mbalame za paradiso zimakhala ndi mokweza koma mawu akuthwa ndipo kulira kwawo kwamphamvu kumalengeza nkhalango kwautali wam'mawa ndi madzulo.
Mbalame za paradiso zimadyanso tizilombo, achule a mitengo ndi abuluzi. Mitundu ina imakonda zipatso ndi zipatso.
Mbalamezi zimakhala zokhazokha ndipo kawirikawiri sizikhala ziwiri.
Panthawi yovina, amuna amathanso kuyenda mobwerezabwereza ndipo amatenga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yochititsa chidwi, kukopa chidwi cha akazi ndi kukongola kwa kuchuluka kwawo.
Nthawi zambiri, kuvina kumawonetsedwa pamitengo. Nthawi zina pamtengo waukulu (mpaka 40 m) amuna angapo amtundu umodzi amasonkhana, kupikisana nawo kukongola kwawo.
Akazi amayang'anitsitsa kosangalatsa komwe kumachitika, ndipo amadzisankhira abwenzi okongola kwambiri komanso achinyengo omwe amatha kufotokozera ana awo zinthu zabwino kwambiri.
Mbalame yachimuna yopanda miyendo ya ku Salvador imatambasulira nthenga zake zagolidi ndikuzikhomera kumutu pansi pa mapiko ake, kukhala ngati duwa lalikulu.
Mitundu ina ya mbalame za paradiso imapanga zisangalalo zawo pamphepete mwa nkhalango, kuyeretsa chidutswa cha dothi ndi masamba agwa pasadakhale, ngakhale kupondereza "bwalo" ndi miyendo yawo. Amuna amakonzera malo abwino owonera azimayi pamitengo yapafupi, akumadula nthambi zowuma ndi masamba owundana.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ndi mitundu yokha ya mbalame za paradiso zomwe sizimagonana ndi amuna (amphongo ndi amuna omwe samasiyana maonekedwe) ndi zodandaula ndipo zamphongo zimathandiza mnzake kumanga chisa, komanso kuwaswa ndikudyetsa anapiye.
Mitundu yokhala ndi malingaliro opatsirana mwa kugonana omwe amakhala opanga kwambiri sipanga awiriawiri. Amuna ndi akazi omwe amapezeka pamasamba apano. Mkazi m'modzi akuchita nawo zodyera ndi kusamalira ana omwe akukula.
Nthawi zambiri, zisa za mbalame za paradiso zimafanana ndi ma plates akuya ochulukirapo omwe amamangidwa pamitengo yamitengo, ndipo mbalame yokhayo ya paradiso yomwe imagwira anapiye m'mayenje.
Amamanga zisa kuchokera ku nthambi, masamba, makungwa ndi nthenga.
Nthawi zambiri mumtambo wa mbalame za paradiso kumakhala mazira 1-2.
Tsopano kusaka mbalame za paradiso ndizoletsedwa ndi lamulo, ndipo ndi anthu a Papu okha omwe amaloledwa kulandira nthenga zawo zazovala zamutu.
Mtengo wa zodzikongoletsera zamtunduwu umafikira madola miliyoni ndipo alendo masauzande ambiri amasilira zokongola zake nthawi ya tchuthi.
Nthawi zonse a Papu anali kulemekeza mbalame za paradiso ndipo amazitcha "ana a utawaleza". Amakhulupirira kuti mtundu uliwonse wamphamvu umakhala ndi mphamvu zamatsenga. Mbalame zokhala ndi mtundu wakuda wokhala ndi nthenga zagolide zamkuwa zimatha, kutengera nthano, zoteteza munthu ku mphezi.
Ndipo nthenga za ruby zamtunduwu Little King amatha kupulumutsa ku mabala ngati atamangidwa ndi yunifolomu yankhondo.
mabuku / TSB / Paradise% 20 mbalame /
http://shkolazhizni.ru/archive/0/n-23792/
http://www.floranimal.ru/families/4392.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birds of Paradise
Magawo a chithunzi.
http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3161/2724982936_a6f1037788_o.jpg
http://papa-vlad.narod.ru/data/o-zhivotnykh/Avstralija-2.files/0020-043-Rajskaja-ptitsa.jpg
http://www.ljplus.ru/img4/m/_/m_tsyganov/wl4.jpg
http://www.naturalist.if.ua/wp-content/paradisaea_apoda_naturalist_if_ua.jpg
http://files.school-collection.edu.ru/dlrstore/a2674057-883f-4e3f-8b8f-e1318dbc8287/paradis.jpg
http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2683/4445413558_37f6d4d979_o.jpg
http://club.foto.ua/uploads/photos/136/136593_2.jpeg
http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/06/sci_nat_papua0s_0lost_world0_/img/2.jpg
http://dic.academic.ru/pype/wiki/files/82/Raggiana_Bird-of-Paradise_wild_5.jpg
Duwa lokongola modabwitsa, Strelitzia, limatchedwa mbalame za paradiso.
Mawonekedwe
Ambiri mwa oimira amawasiyanitsa ndi mtundu wawo wowoneka bwino komanso maonekedwe owala achikaso, abuluu, ofiira komanso obiriwira.
Kusiyanaku kumatanthauza mbalame za paradiso ngati mbalame zokongola kwambiri komanso zodabwitsa padziko lapansi.
Nthawi zambiri, nthumwi zachimuna zimakhala ndi nthenga zazitali kwambiri, zomwe zimawonekera kwambiri ndipo zina zimakhala ndizitali zapamwamba zomwe zimafanana ndi zingwe.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo okongola komanso kuvina kokongola, abambo amayesa kukopa chidwi cha akazi.
Zoyimira mbalame zamphongo za paradiso zimatha kukhala kwa maola angapo. Uku ndi kuvina kwachikhalidwe chokongola kwambiri komanso chosadziwika bwino, chomwe chikuyenera kuwoneka ndi maso anu.
Kodi mbalame za paradiso zimadya chiyani?
Monga nthano zachikhalidwe, mbalame za paradiso zimayenera kusangalala ndi maluwa. Ndipo, amatero, koma owerengeka okha amawona timadzi tokoma ngati zowonjezera pakudya. Ambiri amadya tizilombo ndi zipatso, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale achule ndi abuluzi. Mlomo wautali, wopindika kuti umayang'ana ma invertebrates obisika muming'alu ya mtengo umawathandiza pamenepa. Nawonso, zokongoletsera zokongola zimatha kubowola mitengo ikuluikulu ndi nthambi zokhala ndi mulomo wamphamvu, ngati mitengo yamatabwa. Mwa mbalame za paradiso, si aliyense amene amaphwanya kwambiri mfundo zoyenera.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya mbalame za paradiso momwe zazimuna sizisiyana ndi zazikazi. Nthawi zambiri amakhala mchiyanjano nthawi zonse ndipo mogwirizana amayang'anira anapiye. Chifukwa chake, safunika kuwonetsera, amangoyang'ana kutsogolo kwa abale omwe angatengedwe. Zimaswa mazira ndi nzungu - chinthu chosowa kwambiri pakati pa nyama zomwe zimakhala mwaufulu. Asayansi sangathe kudziwa kuti ndi mitundu ingati ya mbalame za paradiso yomwe ilipo. M'magawo osiyanasiyana mungapeze zambiri za mitundu 35, 42 ngakhale 44.
Kukhala m'mapiri osafikika kwathandiza mbalame za paradiso kukhalabe munthawi zovuta. Koma mbalame zambiri za paradiso zimagawana malo awo ndi anthu. Kuopsa kwa kutha kukuopseza mitundu itatu ya mbalame za paradiso. Koma ngakhale iwonso, sizowopsa. Tithokoze bungwe la British Monarch bird Protection Society ndi American Audubon Society, kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1908, kusaka mbalame za paradiso kunja kunaletsedwa. M'mbuyomu ku London, adagulitsa nyama zakudya 40,000 pachaka. Mu 1917, kuitanitsa nthenga za mbalame za paradiso kunali koletsedwa ku England. Patatha zaka zisanu, New Guinea inaletsa kusaka. Indonesia yokha idatsala, koma adaletsa malonda mu malonda zaka 16 zapitazo.
Zamoyo zimatetezanso mbalame za paradiso kuti zisathere. Ngakhale kuti abambo ena adalanda alenje, otsalawo amatha kuthira manyowa achikazi ambiri. Zowonadi, mbalame zokhala ndi maula owala kwambiri zinali ndi mtengo waukulu kwambiri kwa anthu. Mbalame zazikazi za paradiso zimapeza mitundu yonse ndi mawonekedwe a nthenga zitatha chaka cha 5 cha moyo. Koma amakula pofika zaka ziwiri. Chifukwa chake, malo atasowa zokongola kwambiri zachimuna, zazikazi zimalandira zochepa, anyamata. Ndipo kotero mbalame za paradiso zinapulumuka zaka zopitilira 500 zikukhudzana ndi chitukuko cha Kumadzulo.
Ngati mukufuna mwayi m'dziko la mbalame za paradiso, tsamba losangalatsa limapereka ulendo wokondweretsedwa mdziko la zolengedwa zina za paradiso - agulugufe ndi ziphona.