Maonekedwe ndi machitidwe. Mbalame yayitali bwino ndi yofanana kukula kwa nyenyezi, yokhala ndi mapiko autali ndi mchira, komanso mulomo wamphamvu wolimba. Kuuluka ndi mphamvu, pang'ono pang'ono. Kuyenda mtunda wautali, imakwera m'mwamba, 70-150 mamita. Imayenda pansi ndikudumpha. Kutalika kwa thupi 20-25 cm, mapiko 30-30 cm, kulemera kwa 42 mpaka 50 g.

Kufotokozera. Amuna achikulire (azaka ziwiri kapena kupitirira apo) ndi ofiira, ofiirira, okhala ndi timiyala tasiliva pamutu pawo, makosi komanso pachifuwa. Kuyambira pachifuwa chotsika ndikubwerera kumbuyo, mitsinje yoyera imachulukana ndikusintha. Chovala chovalacho ndi pinki yowala ndi mikwingwirima yopyapyala, yakuda. Zashechek, dera lumbar ndi suprahicle ndi ofiira. Msana, mapewa ndi nuhvoste ndi zofiirira zofiirira zam'mutu zazitali. Mapiko akumwamba ali amtundu wa brownish kapena wa brownish, wokhala ndi malire a pinki. Nthenga ndi nthenga zake zimakhala zofiirira zokhala ndi malire ofiira. Pa nthenga zachiwiri, malire owala amakhala ochulukirapo, a pinki. Ndi maula omwe amatha, mtundu wofiira umakhala wakuda.

Amuna azaka zoyambira akazi ndi akazi achikulire amakhala amtambo wonyezimira wokhala ndi timitambo tosiyanasiyana tating'ono timene timatchulidwa kumutu komanso kunsi kwa thupi. Mtundu wakumbuyo kwa mbali yakumaso ya thupi ndiotuwa, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Pansi ndi mbali zake zamutu ndizoyera ndi zotsika zambiri zazitali zam'mbali, zikukoka pamimba mpaka m'mikwendo yopapatiza. Chovala chaching'ono cha mthunzi womwewo, chomwe chili ndi mitsinje yayitali. Ntchentche zouluka ndi mapiko zotchinga zokhala ndi malire. Ndi kuvala kwamalire a nthenga za contour, mtunduwo umakhala wakuda.

Mbalame zazing'ono mu chovala chaching'ono ndi zofanana ndi zazikazi mu maula ambiri, chifukwa gawo lalikulu lakumwambalo limakhala lotuwa, ndipo makoko amdima amawoneka opanda mawonekedwe. Malire a mapiko ndi nthenga zophimba ndizobowola. Humerus ya lipenga ndi chikasu, chovomerezeka ndi chikasu, miyendo ndi yakuda, utawaleza ndi bulawuni. Kukula, kuchuluka kwake ndi mtundu wa amuna, mphodza zazikulu ndizofanana, mwina, kwa squint yekha, koma pogawidwa m'chigawo chathu chokha m'mapiri a Caucasus, samakumana nacho.

Voterani. Mzimba wamfupi wa melodic womwe ukhoza kufalikira ngati "wii"kapena"vei, viii". Nthawi zina amuna amapereka mawu apadera ngati "uii-tyi-tyi-tyi-tyi"kapena"qui. kumwera chakum'mawa", Ndipo gawo lachiwiri la phokoso limaperekedwa mwachangu, ndi kutsika kwamtundu kumapeto. Ndi nkhawa komanso nkhawa, amapereka chisangalalo "amene», «chwick», «mwana wankhuku". Kuyimba kumeneku kumakhala kaphokoso, koma pamtundu wonsewo kumayimira mawu oseketsa komanso achidule kwambiri a mawu ofukizira omwe akutikumbutsa liwu la mtanda. Mbalame zimayimba mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti.

Mkhalidwe Wogawa. Amakhala kumapiri a Caucasus, Central ndi Central Asia, komanso mapiri akumwera kwa Siberia. Mbalame yodziwika bwino yam'mphepete mwa mapiri, ku Caucasus imakhala yotentha kwambiri kuposa mamitala 2,000 pamwamba pa nyanja, nthawi yozizira nthawi zambiri imatsika mamita 500. Mtundu wachilendo, wofalikira nthawi zambiri. Zimapangitsa kusuntha kosasunthika kwakanthawi kokhotakhota, kutengera kuchuluka kwa chipale chofewa m'mapiri.

Moyo. Nest m'dera lamapiri pakati pa miyala ndi talus, kusinthana ndi malo a udzu, kumamatira madera amiyala ikuluikulu. Mchenga umapangidwa m'miyala yamiyala kapena pakati pamiyala. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku nthambi, udzu wouma ndi mizu, nthawi zina ndimapangidwe amasamba. Thireyi yayikulu imakhala ndi ubweya, tsitsi kapena chomera. Mazira 3-6, amtundu wobiriwira kapena wamtambo wonyezimira, wokhala ndi maonekedwe akuda ndi ofiira, akukhazikika makamaka kumapeto.

M'dzinja, ana othawa amaphatikizidwa kukhala gulu la mbalame zingapo. Tsikirani kumapiri akumunsi ndi chipale chofewa, pafupifupi kuyambira Novembala. Chakudya chimakhala ndi njere ndi zipatso za zipatso zam'mapiri, pang'ono zomwe zimaphatikizapo tizilombo. M'nyengo yozizira, mbalame zamtunduwu zimakonda kudya zipatso zamtchire, makamaka hawthorn ndi sea buckthorn.

Mphodza zazikulu (Carpodacus rubicilla)

Zizindikiro zakunja za mphodza zikuluzikulu

Ma lentiloti akuluakulu ndi amodzi mwa mbalame zazikulu za banja lokwera, lomwe kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi 20 cm.

Ma lentili akuluakulu (Carpodacus rubicilla).

Mtundu wonenepa kwambiri, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira wa carmine umakongoletsa kwambiri maonekedwe aimuna. Mtsempha, mutu, khosi, pamimba pamimba carmine. Mutu, chifuwa ndi mmero zimakongoletsedwa ndi malo ang'onoang'ono osalala amtundu wa siliva. Pazitsulo zomata zam'munsi komanso zapamwamba, tint yofiira imasandulika kamvekedwe kofiirira. Mtundu wa nthenga ndi mapiko ake ndi woderapo wokhala ndi malire. Ziwalo zam'munsi zathupi ndizopendeketsa. Zowonjezereka za mphodza waukulu ndizitali, zotopa, nthenga zotere zimaphimba mbali zonse za thupi ndi chovala. Nthenga zokwezeka pakorona zimakwera, ndikupanga yaying'ono.

Akazi amakhala okutidwa ndi nthenga za utoto wonenepa pang'ono, wokhala ndi nthenga zazing'ono zakuda. Mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala ndi mitundu imodzimodzi, koma yosalala. Mlomo ndi wandiweyani, wotuwa, wachikaso.

Kufalikira

Malo okhala mitunduyi amagawidwa m'magawo atatu osiyana. Yoyamba ili ku Caucasus kum'mawa kwa Elbrus meridian pazigawo za Azerbaijan, Georgia ndi Russia. Lachiwiri limapezeka m'mapiri, monga Sayans, Altai, Tannu-Ola, Hangai, komanso ku Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China ndi Mongolia.

Amuna ambiri a mphodza akuluakulu adakwaniritsa mitundu ya rasipiberi-burgundy yamtundu.

Dera lokwera kwambiri lili kumapiri a Central ndi Central Asia ndipo mulinso Tien Shan, Dzungarian Alatau, Pamir, Hissar Alai, Karakorum, Tibet, Hindu Kush, Himalayas, Nanshan, Kunlun.

Mailles akuluakulu ndi mbalame zokhala pansi zomwe zimasuntha molunjika kumapiri pansi. Nthawi zina, kumapeto kwa Novembala, nyengo yachisanu yomwe imazizira kwambiri imatsikira zigwa.

Zizindikiro Zazikulu za Lentil

Lenti kwenikweni sapezeka m'minda kapena m'nkhalango zowirira. Amakonda malo omwe amakhala pafupi ndi mitsinje, nyanja, mitsinje yokhala ndi nkhalango zowala zosaphika. Mbalame zimakhala m'matanthwe otsetsereka, otsetsereka ndi malo okhala ndi mitengo yayitali, yokhala ndi malo otsetsereka, okhala ndi mwala wamiyala ndi talus, komanso malo ang'onoang'ono a nkhalango zachitsamba ndi mitengo yopanda matanthwe. M'nyengo yozizira, mbalame zimadyetsa m'zigwa za kumapiri a mapiri kupyola mitsinje yomwe ili ndi zitsamba.

M'nyengo yozizira, mphodza zazikulu zimasamukira kumapiri a mitsinje yamapiri, ndikusankha nkhalango za mabulosi.

Magulu a lenti zazikulu

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mphodza zikuluzikulu, zomwe ndizosiyana kukula, mtundu wa maula, malo okhala. Gawo la Caucasus la mtunduwu limakhala ndi mphodza zikuluzikulu za Caucasus, mabelo akuluakulu aku Mongolia amakhala kumagawo akumpoto kwa masanjidwewo, pafupifupi gawo lonse la Central Asia, kupatula Afghanistan, Gissar-Alai, kumadzulo kwa Pamir, kumakhala malo akuluakulu aku Central Asia.

Makina

Nyengo yakukuswana mu mphodza zikuluzikulu imayamba mu theka lachiwiri la February - koyambirira kwa Marichi. Kusakaniza mbalame kumawonetsedwa mu mayendedwe achilendo. Wamphongo amakakamira mwamphamvu mutuwo, ndikugwetsa mapiko ake, ndikufotokozera mchira wake ndikutembenukira kumbali, ndikukupiza mapiko ake.

Chachikulu cha mphodza

Mbalame zachikulire molt palibe kale kuposa pakati pa Ogasiti. Ana achichepere amatenga ma plamu ofiira pambuyo poti fumbi lachifumu layamba. Pambuyo yophukira yophukira, ma plumage akuluakulu mu mphodza zikuluzikulu amakhala ndi mawu okuya komanso wolemera. Chapakatikati, mtundu wa cholembera umakhala wowala komanso wowoneka bwino.

Lentil zakudya

Malenti akuluakulu amatola mbewu za mbewu zosiyanasiyana, komanso zipatso. Panthawi yakucha kwa raspberries, chipale chofewa, ma currants, mphodza, amawulukira m'mapaki ndi minda yosiyidwa. Amawachezera pafupipafupi mpaka zipatso pamtchire ndi nthambi. Irga amadziwika kwambiri ndi mphodza. Maluwa samacha chimodzimodzi, mbalame zimakonda kuyendera tchire la chisanu.

Nyimbo ya lentili yayikulu imakhala ngati whisttent whent whtent, mobwerezabwereza kangapo motsatizana: "fu-fu-fu-fu-fu". Nthawi zina, kuyimba kumayamba ndi "tiu-ti" yayitali, kenako amaliza kumatsatira. Nyimboyi imalira, kulira kokwanira kumamveka.

Mverani mawu a mphodza zazikulu

Okonda mbalame amawona mphodza zazikulu ngati mbalame zokongola nyimbo, koma sizipezeka kawirikawiri m'makola. Zikuwoneka kuti zosokoneza pazomwe zimaperekedwa ndizosungunula. Koma kukongola kwa woimbayo wokhala ndi nyimbo komanso mawu opatsa chidwi kumapangitsa kuti izi zitheke.

Makina agwidwa mu Meyi. Mbalame zimapezeka m'malo omwe amakhala, momwe amakonzera kukhamukira ndikuimba. M'masiku oyambilira a mphodza mu khola, ndikofunikira kumaphimba ndi minofu yowala, chifukwa mbalameyo imachita mantha ndi zomwe zatsopanozo ndipo zimatha kuwononga maula. Zingwe zosungira mbalame zimasankha zodziwika bwino. Lenti amadyetsedwa osakaniza ndi mbewu zaulimi ndi zakutchire.

Vuto la mbalame zosungunuka m'ndende limayamba chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Malemu ali ndi chizolowezi chofuna kunenepa m'maselo a kanthawi kochepa. Mbalame zimayamba kugwira ntchito, nthenga zimayamba kusiya. Kuchotsa cholembera ndi chinthu chachilengedwe chokhudza kunenepa kwambiri. Kuyang'ana mbalame yamaliseche ndikosangalatsa kosasangalatsa.

Kupanga zakudya zoyenera kumathetsa mavuto onse. Ndikofunikira kupatula mbewu zomwe zili ndi mafuta muzakudya - hemp, mpendadzuwa, fulakesi. Maziko a zosakaniza za tirigu azikhala: opusa, mapira, mbewu za zakuthengo, mbewu za canary. Kuphatikiza apo, amadyera osakaniza bwino, masamba, zipatso, zipatso zimawonjezeredwa.

Ndikwabwino kusadyetsa mbalamezo, chifukwa mphodza ndizowoneka bwino ndipo zimatsimikizira zomwe zimakhalira. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, adzakusangalatsani ndi malingaliro awo okoma komanso osayimbanso.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani .

Zida zathu zaukadaulo wazogwiritsira pa ornithology ndi mbalame zaku Russia:
Zathu pamtengo wosagulitsa (pa mtengo wopanga)
angathe kuti mupeze kutsatira zida zophunzitsira pa ornithology ndi mbalame zaku Russia:

Kompyuta (ya PC-Windows) yodziwitsa "" yomwe ili ndi mafotokozedwe ndi zithunzi za mitundu 212 ya mbalame (zojambula za mbalame, ma silhouette, zisa, mazira ndi mawu), komanso pulogalamu yamakompyuta yodziwira mbalame zomwe zimakumana ndi chilengedwe.
chizindikiritso cham'mabandeti ndi mafoni a Android "" (akupezeka pa sitolo ya Google Play),
chizindikiritso cha iPhone ndi iPad "" (chitha kutsitsidwa kuchokera ku AppStore),
chizindikiritso chamthumba "" ndi "",
matebulo ozindikiritsa "" ndi "",
mabuku ozindikira a mndandanda wa "Encyclopedia of Russian Nature": ndi,
Nyimbo za MP3 zimayimba ndi mawu a mbalame (nyimbo, kukuwa, kuyimba): "" (mitundu 343) ndi "" (laibulale ya nyimbo B.N. Veprintseva, mitundu 450).

Zodala wamba kapena mphodza , kapena mbalame zam'madzi , kapena mpheta yofiyira (Zachikale.) - Carpodacus erythrinus

Mawonekedwe. Wamphongo pamwamba ndi woderapo wokhala ndi mutu wofiirira, pakhosi ndi pachifuwa, chachikazi ndi mbalame zazing'ono ndi zonyezimira, mapiko ndi mchira wake ndi wakuda, pamimba (ndipo nthawi zina chifuwa cha mbalame zaku Far East) chimakhala choyera. Kumbuyo kuli ngati opanda misewu.
Nyimboyi ndi yofuula mokweza mawu yomwe akuti: "Kodi wamuona Vitya?" kapena "che-che-vi-tsa", kulira ndi "chuii" wofewa.
Habitat. Malo okongola a mphodza amanjenjemera chifukwa cha mitsinje, pomwe mitengo yamaluwa ndi mbalame zina zazikulu zimakula kwambiri.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi. Amadyetsa njere, masamba, zipatso, ochepa tizilombo.
Malo okongoletsa. Malo okongola a mphodza omwe ali ndi malo obiriwira ndi malo obiriwira omwe ali ndi zitsamba ndi mitengo yotumphukira, pomwe mitengo yamitengo yamitundumitundu ndi misondodzi yosiyanasiyana imakula kwambiri. Imapezekanso m'mphepete mwa nkhalango zowongoka komanso zowuma, m'nkhalango zowirira ndikugwa ndikuwotcha, nthawi zina m'minda ndi m'midzi.
Komwe kuli chisa. Nthambi nthawi zonse zimakhala m'malo owoneka ngati zitsamba kapena mitengo yotsika, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yolimba, m'miyala ya nthambi zazing'ono (mu "matsache a mfiti") kuchokera ku thunthu, pamtunda wa 0.5-2 mamita kuchokera pansi.
Zomangira zakutchire. Chisa chimamangidwa kuchokera kumipanda ya chimanga chosiyanasiyana, mbewu zamambulera, mizu ndi mphukira wokwera (nthawi zonse amapezeka pazomangamanga). Malekezero akulu oyambira akutuluka mbali zosiyanasiyana khoma lakunja la chisa ndi mbali yake. Thireyi imakhala ndi timiyala tating'ono, nthawi zina timayamwa masamba ndipo timakhala ndi mahatchi ochepa. Palibe nthenga m'zinyalala, zomwe zimapangitsa chisa cha mphodza kukhala chosiyana ndi chisa, mwachitsanzo, linnet.
Maonekedwe ndi miyeso ya zitsulo. Chisa ndi mbale yotsika. Kutalika kwa socket ndi 90-150 mm, kutalika kwa socket ndi pafupifupi 100 mm, mainchesi a tray ndi 60-70 mm, kuya kwa threyi ndi 35-45 mm.
Zomwe zimapangidwa. Clutch ya mazira obiriwira amitundu 5-6, yokutidwa ndi mawanga amdima komanso akuda ndi zoduwa, ndikupanga corolla kumapeto. Kukula kwa Dzira: (19-22) x (13-16) mm.
Madeti achikondwerero. Kufika mu theka lachiwiri la Meyi. Mu theka loyamba la mwezi wa Juni mumakhala zisa zomwe zimakhala ndimtundu wathunthu. Mazira a mazira amatenga masiku 13-14. Kutulutsidwa kwa mbalame zazing'ono pachisa kumawonedwa mu theka lachiwiri la Julayi. Kunyamuka kumayamba kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti, ndipo kutha mu Seputembara.
Kufalitsa. Kugawidwa m'nkhalango zonse za Russia, ku Caucasus.
Zisanu. Maonekedwe osamukasamuka. Nyengo ku India ndi South China.

Kufotokozera kwa Buturlin. Kodi mudamvapo mbalame yamtchire ikuyimba ndi dzina yake popanda kuiphunzira? Ndipo malensi amachita izo mwangwiro. Chakumapeto kwa Meyi yachiwiri, mbalameyi imawonekera mumsewu wapakati waku Europe ku Russia ndipo nthawi yomweyo imalengeza izi ndi mawonekedwe ake nyimbo yaying'ono . Uku ndi kulira kwa anayi kapena asanu, kumayimba muluzi, kumveka ngati "ti-ti-it-vityu. ”Ndipo nthawi zina zimafotokozedwa bwino ndi mawu oti" che-che-vi-tsa ". Kwa oyimba ena, nyimboyo imamveka ngati ikufunsa. Amuna achichepere amayimba moipa kwambiri kuposa amuna achikulire. Ndipo yachiwiri, ya komweko (Ural), dzina la mbalameyi - mbalame yamchere - ndiyabwino kwambiri.
Sikovuta kuwona mayimidwe akuimuna, ndipo mukadzamuwona, simamuyiwala. Ngati woyimbayo ndi wachikulire, ndiye utoto Zamoyo zake zili pafupifupi ponseponse, zimakhala zowala pamutu pake, pachifuwa, ndi nadhvost. Utoto wonyezimira wakuda kudzera m'mayilo ofiira, omwe anyamata ndi akazi amapanga mtundu wawukulu. Amuna amayamba kuwonekera kokha mchaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu cha moyo. Akazi ndi ofanana kwambiri ndimatawuni wamba mpheta , zocheperako pang'ono komanso zowoneka bwino (kutalika kwa mbalamezi ndi pafupifupi ma sentimita 16). Mlomo wa mphodza wamiyendo ndiwotupa komanso wotupa, koma wochepa mphamvu poyerekeza ndi wa ng'ombe zamphongo.
Dziko la lenile ndi Siberia, ndipo posachedwapa mitunduyi inayamba kukhazikika kumadzulo. Mbalame iyi tsopano kufalitsa pafupifupi kudera lonse la ku Russia kwa Russia, koma chakumadzulo sikochepa. Mabungwe apadera, ofiira pang'ono amakhala ku Caucasus. Kupitilira pa Urals, mphodza zimagawidwa kudera lonse la Asia ku Russia, kum'mawa - ku Kamchatka, ndi kumwera - ku Aral Sea, Tien Shan ndi Transbaikalia, komwe kumapangidwanso ma subspecies angapo, pang'ono mosiyana makamaka pama toni ofiira.
Kukhalanso nyumba kuchokera ku Siberia ndipo komwe kumatsimikizira mayendedwe akusuntha, popeza ngakhale anthu aku Europe omwe akutsala kapena kuswidwa, mwachitsanzo, m'chigawo cha Moscow, amawulukira ku dzinja kupita ku India ndi Kumwera China, ndiye kum'mawa, osati kumwera. Amayenda ulendo wawukulu mbali zonse ziwiri, chifukwa chake nthawi yachilimwe ku Europe ndi yochepa kwambiri. Kufika mu Meyi, atha kale mu Ogasiti, kulowera chakum'mawa.
Ma Lenti - pamakhalidwe mkaidi ma ntchentche (gombe la m'mphepete mwa nyanja) Kudutsa kwakadera konse, mbalameyi imafunafuna malo ena ochulukirapo - kuchokera kumphepo zam'mphepete zam'mphepete mwa Lena kudutsa Arctic Circle ndikufika ku nkhokwe za mitsinje ya Kazakhstan.
Mbalame zokongoletsa ndiosavuta kuwona. Zimathandiza nyimbo wamwamuna akubwereza kuchokera kumalo omwewo (kuchokera ku cholembera chomwe amakonda).Koma chachikazi chimapereka kupezeka kwake, ndikuuluka chisa cham'madzi, ngati kuti "Puyi" wammphuno, ofanana kwambiri ndi kufuula kwa canary yachipinda. Mbalame zimawuluka mozungulira mosavutikira, koma kupeza chisa sikophweka: muyenera kukwera mumtondo, kumenyana ndi zunguzo ndikusakanikirana pamatope.
Jacks nthawi zonse amakhala mkati mwa chitsamba, pakati pa nthambi ndi nthambi zamkati, zotsika kwambiri pansi. Nthawi zambiri, chisacho chimakhazikitsidwa ndi foloko pafupi ndi thunthu. Popeza mbalame zimatolera zofunikira kumanga kuno, pafupi, kuthengo komanso kunja kwa malo oyandikana ndi minda kapena malo, zisa zimapangidwa kwathunthu kuchokera kumiyala ya njere zosiyanasiyana, zomera zam'mera ndi mphukira zokwera. Makoma a chisa ndi owoneka bwino, kapu yotsika, ndipo mkati mwa thirayo mumakhalapo ndi tsitsi, masamba fluff ndi zina zofewa. Pafupi ndi mphodza, ma warble nthawi zambiri amakhala chisa, koma zisa zawo ndizakuya kwambiri ndipo zimayimitsidwa pakati pazokhazikika.
Chisa nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi 5-6 ma testicles , mabuluu, okhala ndi mawanga akuda bii (kutalika kwa mazira pafupifupi mamilimita 20). Mazira ena alibe mawanga. Kubwatcha kumatenga masiku 13 mpaka 14. Yachikazi yokha ndi yomwe imalowa, ndipo yamphongo yomwe imakhala pafupi kwambiri imabweretsanso mluzi wake wokuluwo ndikupeza chakudya ku chisa. Chapakatikati, panthawi yakukhwima, amatha kumva nyimbo yaphokoso, yomwe imathamangitsa wamkazi.
Kapangidwe chakudya mphodza amadziwikidwanso kwathunthu ndi malo awo: nthawi yotentha, siyowasiya. Kutentha, mbalame zimasenda masamba osiyanasiyana, mbalame zamtchire, pambuyo pake zimadyanso nthangala zambiri, koma zimatulutsanso tating'onoting'ono, makamaka mbozi zopanda tsitsi, nsabwe za m'mimba, ndi kafadala. Kubwera kwa ana, chakudya chimakhala chachulukirachilengedwe, makamaka chosaphika nthangala za mabango ndi mabango. Ma loni amadyera pa nthawi yachisanu. Minda ya oat ikafika m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mbalame zimatsina ndinde za oat, ndikuzigwedeza pansi. Gauls amaluma ndikudya pamitengo. Mbewu za zipatso zina (zipatso zam'madzi am'madzi, honeysuckle, viburnum) zimadyedwanso.
Mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe mphodza sizimadziwika, chifukwa amuna amasiya kuyimba, ndipo sakhala gulu lalikulu. Koma munkhokwe zam'mphepete mwa nyanja mumatha kumva kuyamwa kwa ana, ochepa kwambiri akuwoneka munthambi chifukwa cha manambala ake a bulauni. Mbalame zakale ndizobisalira kwambiri. Kuchoka kuli chete.

Malonda (lat.Carpodacus Erythrinus)
amatchedwa mpheta yofiira. Kwenikweni, kukula kwa mbalameyo ndi passerine, ngakhale kuti mtunduwo ndi wosiyana: mwa amuna akuluakulu, pafupifupi nthenga zonse zimakhala zofiira kwambiri, makamaka, gawo la goiter ndi chifuwa. Pofunda pamunsi pali kiyera yoyera, mabowo achizungulire ndi chovala chamkati ndi choyera. M'munsi mwa khosi ndi mbali ya kumbuyo, nthenga zimakhala zofiirira zokhala ndi malire. Wamkazi sangadzitamande ndi mtundu wowala ngati uyu: amakhala ndi maonekedwe owoneka a bulauni omwe amakhala ndi maolivi ofiira, gawo lamunsi la thupi ndi mthunzi wotsekemera. Pa mapiko, mutha kuwona mikwingwirima. Kukula kwamtunduwu ndikofanana ndi akazi, koma nthenga zawo zimakhala zakuda komanso zowala.
chithunzi: Lentils - songbird (wamwamuna)

Chithunzi: Makina Achikazi
Thupi limatha, mutu ndi wochepa, mulomo ndi wochepa. Mchirawo umakhala ndi khosi lowoneka bwino, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 3-7, mapiko ake nawonso ndi ochepa - mpaka 8-9 masentimita. Malo okhalamo - Eastern Europe, Asia, Siberia. Lentils yozizira ku India, China ndi maiko ena aku Asia, koma anthu omwe amangokhala amapezekanso nthawi zina. Amakonda kukhala m'nkhalango ndi madera pafupi ndi dziwe, ndipo mphodza zimapezekanso kumapiri.

chithunzi: Nthambi ndi malo owoneka bwino omwe amakhala lentel