Kuyamba kuyeretsa malo am'madzi amtundu uliwonse, kukula kwake ndi mtundu uliwonse, muyenera kuyang'anira osati kungochotsa madzi ndikuyeretsa malo, komanso nthaka. Kuchulukana kwa zinyalala, zinthu zotayidwa, ndi zotsalira za chakudya choperewera mukapanda kuchiritsidwa, kuwola, kungakhale ndi vuto pa zachilengedwe za nazale. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, chipangizo chapadera, siphon ya aquarium, chingathandize bwino.
Kapangidwe ndi mfundo za kagwiritsidwe ntchito
Siphon yokhala m'madzi am'madzi, imagwirira ntchito ngati dontho, ndi mphuno yayitali yowonekera pomwe chubu lalikulu limalumikizidwa mbali imodzi ndi chipangizo cholumikizira (pamfundo ya vacuum zotsukira) kuthekera kwa kutulutsa madzi owonongeka mbali inayo. Gawo loyambalo ndi kapu, chingwe cholimba (chokhala ndi masentimita osachepera 5) kapena chogwirizira china chilichonse, cholandiridwa. Chachiwiri ndi pampu yapadera, peyala, kapena kungotseguka kotseguka kwa chubu, komwe mutha kupumira mwaulere kutulutsa mpweya mu dongosolo mwa kupumira.
A Tail akutsimikiza: mitundu ya ma siphons amadzi am'madzi
Ma siponi onse amadzimo am'magazi amatha kugawidwa m'makina komanso zamagetsi.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pawo ndikuti zomwe zimafunikira zimagwira nawo gawo la munthu kuti apange chinyengo, pomwe chotsirizira chimakhala cholozera pakufunika kosavuta kwa njirayi. Amakhala ndi ma mota ochepa okhala ndi batire kapena mains oyatsidwa ndi ma mota, omwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito pompopompo pompopompo ndi wosuta batani. Chinthu chinanso chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi ma siphon zamagetsi ndichakuti ena mwa iwo alibe mphuno m'mapangidwe awo, omwe amawapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mosavuta. Komanso, kukhalapo kwa fyuluta kumathetsa kufunika kosintha madzi: dothi limadziunjikira mu chipinda chapadera, osafunikira kupopera kwamadzi kuchokera mu thanki.
Komabe, palinso zoyipa pamitundu iyi: kunyalanyaza kayendetsedwe ka madzi ndikuphwanya kumene kapena malamulo ena ogwiritsira ntchito (mwachitsanzo, kupititsa patsogolo gawo lakuya kwa kuya kwa mita 0.5) kungayambitse vuto loipa la chipangizocho.
Ndimawonedwe ati omwe amaposa
Siphon ndizowonjezera zomwe ndizovuta kwa mwiniwake wa aquarium popanda. Onse okhala m'madzi amadzimadzi amatulutsa ntchito zawo zofunika kuzinthu zachilengedwe, kuwola kwake komwe kumatha kupanga zinthu zowola - mpweya wapoizoni, hydrogen sulfide ndi ammonia.
Zofunika! Magemu awa ndi ovulaza ku zolengedwa zonse zam'madzi.
Ngati malo osungirako zachilengedwe zazikuluzikuluzi alibe gawo lalikulu pa thanzi la nsomba ndi nyama zina, ndiye kuti mu aquarium, ngakhale yayikulu, dothi liyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse - pansi pa nsomba ndi silika. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kuyeretsa filimuyi mumchenga, miyala, miyala yakuda ndi mitundu ina.
Ndi pampu ya peyala
Aquarium siphon ndi yosavuta. Nthawi zambiri chimakhala payipi ndi chowonjezera kumapeto ndi pampu yokhala ndi cheke. Monga lamulo, mitengo yotsika mtengo yokhala ndi babu yokhala ndi ma ma bullet opitilira ndi kutulutsa ndi payipi yoyatsidwa imagwira bwino ntchito yawo. Mawonekedwe ake ndiabwino kwa kansalu kakang'ono chifukwa kumapeto kwa payipi.
Battery idayendetsedwa
Pali ma saponi amagetsi a batire. Amakhala ndi pampu yamagetsi yaying'ono yomwe imamwa madzi. Masipon oterowo amathetsa kufunika kopopa madzi pamanja. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuwagwiritsa ntchito ngati eni eni ma aquarium akuluakulu omwe amafunikira nthawi yambiri yoyeretsa pamanja.
Zabwinobwino
Mutha kupanga mosavuta siphon yophweka ya aquarium nokha. Zomwe mukufunikira ndi payipi yosinthira komanso botolo la pulasitiki. Chulucha cha siphon chimakulirakulira, madzi ambiri amadzatulutsa mphindi imodzi.
Uphungu! Sankhani makulidwe a payipi kutengera kuchuluka kwa m'madzi anu.
Mwachitsanzo, siphon yokhala ndi mphuno yayitali masentimita 1 imakwanira bwino m'madzi okwanira 100 litre; ku aquarium yaying'ono, payipi yaying'ono yokhazikika, motsatana.
Kuti mupange siphon ndi manja anu, dulani gawo lakumapeto kwa botolo kuti muthe kulumikizana, kenako ndikumata kumapeto kumiyendo kwa khosi. Kuti mugwire ntchito ndi siphon yotere, ndikofunikira kuyika madzi ake mumadzi ndikutulutsa mpweya kuchokera kumapeto kwa payipi kuti mupangeko. Nthawi zambiri kupanga kwa siphon koteroko sikumadzilungamitsa - Mwamwayi, msika umapereka ma siphon apamwamba kwambiri pamitengo yotsika mtengo.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito
Pofuna kuyeretsa pansi ndi siphon, kukulitsa chubu kuyenera kuyikidwa pansi, ndipo malembedwe ake opanikizika ayikidwe mu chidebe cha voliyumu yokwanira (chidebe, beseni kapena poto yayikulu). Pambuyo pake, kanikizanani ndi peyalayo kangapo (ngati sichoncho, phulikirani kumapeto kwa chubu). Pakani gawo limodzi lamadzi ndikumatsogolera chitolirocho pamwamba pa nthaka motalika kotero kuti dothi lokha limayamwa mu siphon. Pamodzi ndi chithandizo chadothi ndikofunikira kuti madzi asinthe pang'ono.
Ngati siphon imakutchinjiriza ku miyala yaying'ono kuyikiramo, mutha kuyambitsa dothi mwa kumiza chimbudzi mpaka pansi kuti muyeretse bwino dothi. Kuyimitsidwa kwabwino kumakhalabe m'madzi a aquarium mukangotsuka kuyeretsa. Siziika pachiwopsezo kwa nsomba, ndipo patapita maola ochepa imakhala pansi, kenako madzi amawonekera.
Mutha kuwona zambiri mu kanema pansipa:
Kufunika kwakuti nthaka ichotse nthaka
Tsiku lililonse, zochuluka zodetsedwa zimakhazikika pansi pa pansi pa aquarium. Izi zimaphatikizapo sludge, zotsalira za chakudya, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi zinyalala zanyama. Popita nthawi, zinyalala izi zimadziunjikira ndikuyamba kuwola, ndikupanga mabakiteriya owopsa ambiri omwe amayambitsa matenda ambiri.
Kuchulukana kwa siphon m'nthaka kumatengera kuchuluka kwa anthu okhala m'madzimo. Nsomba zochepa ndizomwe zimakhala m'madzi, nthawi zambiri zimafunika kuchita izi. Pafupifupi, muyenera kumeza dothi masabata 1.5 mpaka 2 aliwonse. Koma nthawi imeneyi imatha kusiyanasiyana mpaka pansi, kutengera maonekedwe a madzi ndi moyo wa anthu okhala m'madzimo.
Malangizo Othandiza
- Gwiritsani ntchito siphon mosamala m'madzi am'madzi okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono pansi (nkhono, ndi zina) ndi mwala wofowoka - pali chiwopsezo chovulaza zolengedwa izi. Maiwe obzalidwa kwambiri ndi mbeu sayenera kufufutidwa - sludge yaying'ono pansi pa aquarium sichingavulaze aliyense.
- Musamamwe mowa. Izi zipangitsa kuti zitheke kutembenukiranso pang'ono poyeretsa madzi okhala pazakudya, pakuwola komwe ma hydrogen sulfide amamasulidwa (zitha kudziwika ndi kununkhira kwa mazira owola omwe amapanga kuchokera ku thovu lomwe limatuluka kuyambira tsikulo). Kuphatikiza apo, kudya moyenera kumalepheretsa kunenepa kwambiri mu ziweto.
- Masabata angapo oyambilira atasamutsa nsomba kulowa m'madzimo, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti muthe kuyeretsanso aquarium.
- Ngati kuyeretsa kumakhala kovuta chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwadothi kapena zifukwa zina, tikulimbikitsidwa kusamutsira nsomba zonse muchiwiya chosiyana musanayambe njirayi.
- Ndikofunikira kuti pansi pa pansi pa aquarium ndigone dothi lokwanira masentimita 6-8. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa eni algae, pozika pansi. Ndikofunikira kuti kutalika kwa nthaka kukhoma lakutsogolo kwa aquarium kumakhala kocheperako kumbuyo: izi zimapangitsa njira yoyeretsera kukhala yosavuta. Komabe, si dothi lirilonse (mwachitsanzo, mchenga wamtundu wapakati) lomwe lidzasungidwa pamtunda.
Makina a zochita za siphon
Mfundo za kayendetsedwe ka siphon ndizofanana ndi mfundo yogwira ntchito yotsuka vacuum. Chifukwa chake, chida chachikulu cha chipangizocho choyeretsa Aquarium ndi chubu chomwe chimamwa dothi. M'deralo lomwe limalumikizana ndi dothi, liquefaction imapangidwa. Kenako tinthu tating'onoting'ono timayamba kukweza chubu, koma titadutsa 2 - 3 sentimita, timagwa chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka. Zotsatira zake, ndi zinyalala zokha zomwe zimachotsedwa m'madzi.
Mitundu ya siphon
Ngakhale kuti lero pamashelefu mutha kupeza ma siphons ambiri, zida zonsezi zili ndi makina ofanana. Kusiyana komwe kumagawanitsa ma siphons onse m'magulu awiri ndi mtundu wa kuyendetsa: makina kapena magetsi. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi zovuta zake komanso zabwino zake.
Makina siphon
Makina a siphon amakhala ndi chubu, payipi, galasi (kapena khosi) ndi "babu" wa rabara wopangidwira kupopa madzi. Mfundo ya machitidwe ake ndi motere: ndi ma bomba pang'ono pa "peyala", madzi amayamba kupukutidwa kunja kwa aquarium, amatenga osati zinyalala zokha, komanso miyala yamiyala. Kenako dothi limagwera pansi, ndipo madzi, limodzi ndi zinyalala, amatuluka mumtsinjewo mpaka kumapeto kwake. Pamapeto pake payenera kukhala thankiyo yosiyanayo, pomwe madzi ndi uve ndi madzi.
Kapu kapena makina a siphon oterowo ayenera kukhala ndi makoma owonekera. Izi ndizofunikira kuti muthane ndi njira yoyeretsera komanso ngati pali zochitika zina zosayembekezereka (kulowa mu nsomba zamnofu, nkhono, mbewu, ndi zina) yomweyo siyani njirayi. Komanso, chikho chowonekera kumakupatsani mwayi kumvetsetsa kuti ndi dera liti lomwe latsukidwa kale komanso lomwe likufunikirabe kutsukidwa. Kapangidwe kamkapu kamakhala kozungulira kapena koyambira. Fomuyi ndi yotetezeka kwambiri pamizu yazomera.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito siphon yamakina:
- Ntchito yosavuta
- Kusunthika kogwiritsidwa ntchito - koyenera ku aquarium iliyonse.
Kugwiritsa ntchito siphon yamakina:
- Kulephera kusintha kukakamira kwa madzimadzi ndi kutuluka kwake,
- Zovuta zomwe zimagwira m'malo omwe muli mbewu zambiri,
- Kufunika kwa thanki yowonjezera yomwe madzi amakokamo.
Siphon yamagetsi
Siponi yamagetsi imakhala ndi chikho, chubu ndi thumba lapadera lotola zinyalala. Chida ichi chimayendetsedwa ndi mains kapena batri. Mkati mwa siphon yotere mumakhala rotor yapadera yomwe imakulolani kuti musinthe kukula kwa kayendedwe ka madzi, komwe ndi njira yosavuta kwa nsomba.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito siphon yamagetsi, zinyalala zonse zimagwera m'chipinda chapadera, ndipo madzi oyeretsedwa kudzera ma meshoni a nayonso amathiridwanso mu aquarium.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito siphon yamagetsi:
- Kutha kusintha mphamvu ya chipangizocho,
- Palibenso chifukwa chokanira madzi,
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta
- Kuperewera kwa payipi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito siphon yamagetsi:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho pokhapokha m'madzimo ang'onoang'ono. Popeza mukadzalowa pansi masentimita oposa 50, madzi amafika pamabatire ndipo siphon imalephera.
Mfundo zofunika kuzisamalira mukamagula siphon
Popeza mwasankha kugula chipangizochi komanso mutabwera ku sitolo, mutha kupeza zambiri pamashelefu. Pofuna kuti musalakwitse posankha ndi kugula ndendende zomwe zikufunika, muyenera kutsatira malangizowa:
- Mng'oma wa chipangizocho uyenera kukhala ndi mainchesi opitilira muyeso wa miyala ya m'madzimo ndi 2 - 3 mamilimita. Nthawi zambiri, ma hoses omwe amakhala ndi mainimilimita 8 mpaka 12 amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa kuti payipi ipangidwe ndi polyvinyl chloride. Imakhala yofewa, yotanuka komanso yaying'ono.
- Kuphatikiza payipi, ndibwino kugula zowonjezera kapena zibangili. Chifukwa chake sadzatha kuthyola mbale.
- Kutalika kwagalasi kuyenera kukhala kosachepera 25 cm. Chida chotere sichitha kuyamwa ngakhale miyala yaying'ono kwambiri.
Kupanga kwa DIY siphon
Anthu ena amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwiritsira ntchito kunyumba zogwirira ntchito pamaofesi apamu. Izi ndichifukwa choti zida zotere zili ndi zabwino zingapo:
- Mitengo yotsika, yomwe imasungira pogula siphon,
- Palibe ntchito yosiyanasiyana,
- Mwachangu komanso chosavuta kupanga,
- Kupezeka kwa zida.
Kupanga siphon wa aquarium wokhala ndi ma 100 malita mungafunike:
- Phulusa. Dongosolo - sentimita imodzi, kutalika - 150 centimeter,
- Botolo la pulasitiki loyera pansi pamadzi (makamaka mchere) wokhala ndi malita 0,5,
- Sokani ndi voliyumu ya ma cubes 20 - zidutswa ziwiri,
- Kutulutsa kwa brass, m'mimba mwake komwe kumagwirizana ndi m'mimba mwa payipi,
- Knife.
- Chotsani ma syringe mumalongedzo, chotsani singano ndi piston kuchokera kwa iwo.
- Dulani imodzi mwanjira imodzi kuti kungokhala chubu chotalikirapo kwambiri chotsalira. Chotsani tabu onse.
- Kuyambira lachiwiri, kudula zotchingira kuchokera kumbali pomwe pisitoni idayikidwapo.
- Kenako, pamalo pomwe singano idagwidwa, pangani bowo lozungulira ndi awiri mamilimita 10.
- Lumikizani ma syringe ndi malekezero popanda protrusion ndikuwakhomerera ndi tepi yamagetsi. Bowo lomwe linapangidwa kale liyenera kukhala kumapeto kwa chubu.
- M'dzenje ili muyenera kuyika payipi ndikuitetezanso ndi tepi yamagetsi.
- Chepetsa botolo la pulasitiki m'munsi momwe ma bendawo amayambira.
- Pangani dzenje mu kapu ya botolo ndi mainchesi osaposa 1 centimeter (pafupifupi mamilimita 8 - 9).
- Ikani pepala lamkuwa mu dzenje ili ndikutsirizira kumapeto kwake.
- Ikani kapu pa botolo.
Siphon wakonzeka. Mtengo wopanga chipangizochi, kutengera zida zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito, sizidutsa ma ruble 160.
Kusunga ndi kukonza
Kuti siphon igwire ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuchita ntchito zake moyenera, ndikofunikira kuti musangogula chitsanzo chabwino kapena kupanga chipangizo choyenera, komanso kuchisunga molondola.
Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito siphon, iyenera kusakanikirana ndipo ziwalo zonse zimatsukidwa bwino ndi madzi a sopo kapena zoyatsira padera zokhala ndi chilengedwe. Kenako amafunika kuti apukutidwe kapena kupukutidwa bwino. Sungani zosakanizika.
Mosakayikira, Siphon amatenga gawo lalikulu pakusungitsa ukhondo wosungiramo zinthu zakale komanso kukhalabe wathanzi kwa omwe akukhala. Msisitari aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi chipangizochi. Popeza mwaphunzira mitundu yake yonse ndi malangizo oti mudzipangire nokha, mutha, kutengera zomwe mumakonda, sankhani chida choyenera chomwe chimateteza ukhondo wa m'madzimo.
Aquael
Kupanga kwa Poland, mtengo wapamwamba, malonda osiyanasiyana. Ma Siphon a kampaniyi, kuphatikiza pa dothi, amathanso kuyeretsa magalasi am'madzi. Kapangidwe: Silinda yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki yowoneka bwino kwambiri, payipi yopanda chitetezo, maina opangidwa kuti isamatulutse matupi akunja. Mtengo - kuchokera 500 mpaka 1000 p.
Tetra
Mbiri padziko lonse lapansi, kusankha kwakukulu kwa zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri. Makhalidwe a siphons: valavu yamphamvu, zotulutsira madzi (mpaka kumaliza kumaliza kupopa), mauna oteteza ndi zida zina zothandizira kukonza bwino. Mtengo wamitundu - kuchokera 200 mpaka 900 p.
Kampani yaku Germany, zogulitsa aquarium, terrarium ngakhale dziwe m'munda. Amasiyana ndi ma analogu pamaso pa oyang'anira mphamvu zamagetsi. Ma siphon apanyanja okhala ndi vala yosabwereranso ndi batani loyimitsa mwachangu akupezekanso (kutsekedwa kwachangu kwamadzi). Mtengo wazopanga mawotchi umachokera ku 300 r., Zamagetsi - kuchokera 500 r.
Mkhalidwe waku Germany, m'modzi mwa atsogoleri ogulitsa kwazaka makumi angapo. Pulasitiki yowonekera, yolimba, yopanda poizoni. Mawonekedwe apadera ozungulira omwe ali abwino kwa ma aquariums akuluakulu. Mtengo - pafupifupi 600 p.
Momwe mungayeretsere dothi
Musanagwiritse ntchito, ndikofunikira kuganizira mfundo zingapo zofunika:
- Mphamvu zosankhidwa bwino za zotsuka (zokwezeka kwambiri) zimatha kulowa mkati mwa nsomba. Chifukwa chake, opanga nthawi zambiri amapanga zinthu za chipangizochi kuchokera papulasitiki yowonekera kuti njirayi ikhale yolamulidwa.
- Ukulu wake wagalasi la siphon umamizidwa pansi, ndiye woyenera kwambiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mizu ya mbewuyo siwonongeka.Kuchotsa kochulukirapo pansi sikulimbikitsidwanso, chifukwa imatha kukhala malo abwino osungirako ena okhala m'chilengedwe.
- Pokhapokha pakutha kusintha madzi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi pochotsa "youma", monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
- Ndikofunikira kusankha siphon osati mphamvu (zokhala ndi zigawo zowala - mutu wofooka), dothi (mulifupi mwake sayenera kupitilira kukula kwa timiyala), komanso magawo a chipangizocho, kuphatikiza polingalira kukula kovomerezeka komwe kuyeretsa kungachitike .
Ndikofunika kulima dothi kamodzi pakadutsa masiku 30 aliwonse, ndikungophimba osati malo otseguka, komanso malo osafikirika.
Popeza kuti mwapinda ndolo pansi, yambitsani chipangizocho. Tsitsani payipi pansi pansipa kuti isasokoneze njira yopopera madzi mu chombo chakunja. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndikusintha kutalika kwa kutalika kwa chubu, kuthamanga kwa madzi komwe kungathe kutha kutha. Sungani silinda, kuti mumasulidwe, ndikuthanso dothi. Onetsetsani kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta dothi sigwera mum mbale, koma ingofikire theka kutalika kwa chimbudzi. Kuyeretsa kumatha kumalizidwa madzi akamakhala osachepera pang'ono kuposa momwe adalili poyambirira. Mukayimitsa kutuluka, muyenera kusunthira ku malo atsopano, kubwereza zomwe zidachitika kale.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito makwapidwe amizere yama diameter osiyana kuti mutsukire mosavuta komanso mwapamwamba: yaying'ono - m'malo ovuta kufikako (ma tebulo, nyumba, ndi zina), ngodya, zazikulu - m'malo omwe mulibemo pang'ono komanso mulu wokongoletsa.
Makina opopera sayenera kupitanso gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu amadzi.
Musaiwale ndikubwezeretsanso kuperekera kwa madzi mu aquarium, ndikubwezeretsanso momwe idalili kale.
DIY aquarium siphon
Choyeretsera dothi chamadzimadzi chitha kupangidwa popanda zojambula ndi thandizo la akatswiri kunyumba.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera:
- 1 mita wokulirapo wowonekeratu chubu (osati oposa 5 mm mulifupi),
- botolo la pulasitiki,
- Ma syringe (ma 10),
- tepi yotchingira
- nsonga yolimba (makamaka yopangidwa ndi mkuwa) yophatikizira kunja kwa kukula kwa payipi.
Timapita molunjika ndi njirayi:
- Padera ma pisitoni ndi singano kuchokera ku ma syringes.
- Dulani mbali zonse zatulutsira mu syringe imodzi, ndikupanga chubu chokhazikika.
- Kachiwiri - kupatula gawo lomwe pisitoni imalowera, ndikupanga bowo la 5 mm pamalo omwe amaphatikizana ndi singano.
- Lumikizani ma cylinders opangira nyumba wina ndi mzake ndi tepi yolimbikitsa kuti syringe ndi dzenje kunja. Ikani chubu mkati mwake.
- Dulani dzenje ndi mulifupi wa 4.5 mm mu kapu ya botolo, ikanipo nsonga yolimba kuti mutuluke pansi pa mphuno, potero pangani kampopi kakang'ono. Aphatikize kumapeto kwake kwa chubu.
Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndiye kuti siphon ya aquarium yakonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito.
Zoyenera kuchita ndi mchenga pambuyo pa siphon?
Ngati mchenga wabwino walowa mu thanki kuti muukaze kapena womangika mu siphon, ndikofunikira kuti muubwezere ku aquarium, mutatha kutsuka ndi madzi. Kuti muchite izi, pazochitika zabwino kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuchotsa grille yodzitchinjiriza, nthawi yayikulu kwambiri, kuphatikiza siphon kapena kudula payipi ngati mwala waukulu, wowuma ukakamizidwa.
Kukula kotsukidwa kwa siphon kumadalira kuchuluka kwa ziweto za m'madzi: kuyambira kamodzi pa sabata mpaka kamodzi pamwezi.
Izi zimachitika kuti akatswiri am'madzi akukumana ndi vuto la kubisa dothi komanso malo ena am'madzi. Chikwangwani chobiriwira chomwe chimamera pazinthu zimakhala ndi alicellular algae, omwe amatha kuchulukana mwachangu mothandizidwa ndi izi:
- Kuwala kochulukirapo: Pewani kukhazikitsa aquarium pafupi ndi zenera mbali ya dzuwa ndikuzimitsa magetsi usiku.
- Kuthanso nsomba ndikuchotsa litsiro losafunikira: ndikofunikira kupatsa nsomba zochuluka monga momwe zimatha kudya pakadutsa mphindi 5, apo ayi chakudya chotsalira chimangokhala pansi ndikuvunda.
- Kuyenda kwadothi kovuta: miyala kapena mchenga wochepa kwambiri umathandizira pakuwola.
Komanso, njira yochotsera izi ikhoza kukhala kukhazikitsanso nsomba zomwe zimakonda kudya algae yaying'ono: pecilia, mollies, kapena catfish. Kapenanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amapha algae komanso osavulaza zinyama zam'madzi: izi zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo azitsamba.
Kutengera malamulo onse ndi luso linalake, kuyeretsa malo okhala ndi siphon kumakhala njira yosavuta komanso yotetezeka, kukhazikitsa kwanthawi zonse komwe kumapangitsa kuti nsomba zanu zikhalepo.
Kusankhidwa
Siphon ya aquarium ndi pampu yokhala ndi mpweya wotulutsidwa, omwe amatuluka chitoliro chapadera. Chifukwa cha chipangizocho, madzi ndi zinyalala zamadzimadzi zimatha kupopera kuchokera pansi. Chipangizo chokhala ndi payipi chimayikidwa pafupi ndi pansi, mkati mwake muli zosefera zomwe zimasungidwa fumbi. Madzi oyera amayambiranso kulowa mu aquarium, chifukwa pali chubu chosinthika. Imakwezedwa pansi pansi pamiyeso ya chipangizo chamakina.
Mitundu yamagetsi sizitanthauza kuti malamulo oika chitoliro. Pakumalizira, kukula kwake ndikofunikira - kukula kwake ndikofunikira, nthaka idzachotsedwa mwachangu. Kutsika kwakumapeto kwa payipi kumakhudzanso kukoka koyamba. Idzakhala yayikulu kuposa chubu pansipa. Dothi la siphon limagwira ntchito poyamwa mu sludge, zinyalala za chakudya ndi zinyalala zina. Chifukwa chake, pansi pamayeretsedwa.
Kulemba za mkhalidwe wake ndikofunikira kwambiri. Njirayi ndiyofunikira ma aquariums a kukula kulikonse, kuphatikizapo ang'ono kwambiri.
Siphon nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asinthe gawo lamadzi mu aquarium. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzimusinthira sabata iliyonse, apo ayi momwe zinthu ziliri bwino zomwe adzatsekeredwa. Kupititsa patsogolo moyo wa anthu okhala kumeneko, ndikokwanira kubwezeretsa pafupifupi kotala la zonse.
Kukonzanso kwamadzi nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizidwa ndi kuyeretsa dothi. Mfundo zoyendetsera ntchitoyi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ziphuphu zapadera, zomwe zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe ochapira nyumba wamba. Chipangizo chotsuka pansi ndi madzi mu aquarium chilipo kuti mudzipange nokha. Pali mitundu yapamwamba yamakono yogulitsa.
Chipangizo ndi mfundo za ntchito
Siphon ndi chida chotsitsira komanso kuyeretsa madzi kuchokera ku aquarium. Kugwira ntchito kwa siphon kumakhazikitsidwa pa chiwembu chogwiritsira ntchito pampu. Chipangizochi chimagwira ntchito mosavuta. Mapeto a chubu amira pansi mu aquarium. Chitoliro ndiye gawo lalikulu la siphon. Pambuyo kumapeto kwake kumagwera pansi panthaka kunja kwa aquarium. Ndipo nsonga yomweyo ya payipi imatsitsidwa mumtsuko kuti ikamwe madzi. Pa nsonga ya payipi kunja, mutha kukhazikitsa pampu yomwe itulutse madzi. Chifukwa chake, madzi omwe ali ndi zinyalala zam'madzi ndi zotsalira za chakudya chawo azidzazilowetsa mu siphon, pomwe izi zonse zidzafunikira kukachotsedwera mu chidebe china.
Pazopanga tokha kapena siphon zosavuta, simungagwiritse ntchito zosefera - zidzakhala zokwanira kuyembekezera mpaka dothi litakhazikika, ndikuthira madzi ena onse mu aquarium. Tsopano pamalonda pali zida zingapo za siphons.
Mwa njira, ndikofunikira kugula ma siphon owonekera kuti muwone zinyalala zomwe zimalowa ndimadzi. Ngati siphon yolumikizana ndi yopapatiza, ndiye kuti miyala izoyamwa.
Chifukwa cha mapangidwe osavuta a siphon, omwe ndi osavuta kuphatikiza, kuchuluka kwa mitundu yomwe imagulitsidwa tsopano kumawonjezeka. Pakati pawo, pali mitundu iwiri yokha yotchuka.
- Mitundu yamakina. Amakhala ndi payipi, chikho ndi chithunzithunzi. Pali zosankha zambiri m'miyeso yosiyanasiyana. Chocheperachepera chopangira ndi m'lifupi wa payipi, cholimba madzi. Chimodzi mwamagawo a siphon oterowo ndi babu a vakuyumu, chifukwa choti madzi amatulutsidwa. Ubwino wake ndi motere: chipangizo chotere ndi chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito - ngakhale mwana atachigwiritsa ntchito mwaluso. Ndiotetezedwa, ndiyabwino pamadzi onse ndipo sikuwonongeka kawirikawiri. Komanso pali zovuta zina: sizimamwa madzi bwino m'malo omwe madzi amchere amadziunjikira; mukamagwiritsa ntchito, ndizovuta kuti aziwongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe akumizidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawi ya ndondomekoyi ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kukhala ndi chotengera chotungira madzi pafupi ndi aquarium.
- Mitundu yamagetsi. Monga zamakina, siphonszi zimakhala ndi payipi ndi chidebe chokomera madzi. Chofunikira chawo ndi pampu yodziwira yokha yomwe imayendetsa mabatire kapena kuchokera pamalo amagetsi. Madzi amalowetsedwa mu chipangizocho, amalowa m'chipinda chapadera chokomera madzi, amasefa ndi kulowa mu aquarium. Ubwino: wosavuta komanso wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, woyenera ma aquariums okhala ndi algae, sikuvulaza zolengedwa zam'madzi zotetezedwa, zimasunga nthawi mosiyana ndi mtundu wamakanidwe. Mitundu ina ilibe payipi, kotero mwayi woti udumphe kuchokera pa chitoliro sichimaphatikizidwa, zomwe zimathandizanso kukonza. Mwa zoperewera titha kuziwona kuti zimakhala zopanda pake zamagwiritsidwe - zimatha kuthyoka ndipo zimasowa kubwereza batire pafupipafupi. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu ina ili ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri. Nthawi zina phokoso losakira zinyalala pansi limaphatikizidwanso ndi chipangizocho.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mitundu yonse imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zomwezi. Kukhalapo kwa kusiyana pakati pa mitundu ya siphons kumangokhala mumayendedwe amagetsi, kukula kwake kapena chilichonse pazinthu zina kapena zambiri.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji?
Ngati muli ndi mwiniwake wa aquarium yayikulu, ndibwino kuti mukhale pamagetsi a siphon okhala ndi mota. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Mitengo yofananira yomweyo imalimbikitsidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito mu malo osungirako malo omwe madzi amasinthasintha pafupipafupi komanso mwadzidzidzi mu acidity yamadzi komanso pansi pambiri ndi osavomerezeka. Popeza iwo, akusintha nthawi yomweyo, amabweza madzi, malo amkati mwamadzi sakusintha. Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito ku nano-aquarium. Izi ndi zotengera zazikulu kuyambira malita 5 mpaka 35 malita. Malo am'madzi oterewa amakhala ndi malo osakhazikika mkati, kuphatikiza kusintha kwa acidity, mchere ndi magawo ena. Kuchulukana kwambiri kwa zinyalala ndi zinyalala m'malo oterowo nthawi yomweyo kumakhala koopsa kwa nzika zake. Apa simungathe kuchita popanda kugwiritsa ntchito siphon yamagetsi.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugule siphons ndi galasi looneka ngati patali. Mitundu yotere imatha kuthana ndi kuyeretsa nthaka mu ngodya za aquarium.
Ngati mukufuna kugula siphon yamagetsi, ndiye ku aquarium yokhala ndimakoma akulu, mudzafunika siphon yofanana. Ngati gawo lalikulu la chipangizirocho limamizidwa mozama kwambiri, ndiye kuti madzi amalowa m'mabatire ndi mota yamagetsi, zomwe zimayambitsa gawo lalifupi. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa aquarium kwa siphons zamagetsi ndi 50 cm.
Pokhala ndi aquarium yaying'ono, ndibwino kugula siphon popanda payipi. M'mitundu yotereyi, malirowo amasinthidwa ndi wotolera zinyalala.
Ngati muli ndi nsomba zazing'ono, shrimp, nkhono kapena nyama zazing'ono zazing'ono mu aquarium yanu, ndiye muyenera kugula siphons ndi mauna kapena kuyiyika nokha. Kupanda kutero, chipangizocho chimatha kuyamwa limodzi ndi zinyalala ndi okhalamo, omwe samangomvera chisoni kutaya, komanso amathanso kuvala siphon. Izi ndizowona makamaka pamitundu yamagetsi. Opanga ena amakono adapeza njira yotithandizira - amapanga zinthu zokhala ndi valavu yamavalo, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi kuzimitsa siphon yogwira ntchito. Chifukwa cha izi, nsomba kapena mwala womwe wagwiridwa mwangozi ukhoza kugwera mumkokomo.
Muyezo wazopanga zotchuka kwambiri komanso zapamwamba kwambiri.
- Mtsogoleri pamsika uwu, monga ena ambiri, amapanga Germany. Kampaniyi imatchedwa Eheim. Siphon ya chida ichi ndi choyimira choyimira chipangizo chamakono kwambiri. Chida ichi chokha chimalemera magalamu 630 okha. Chimodzi mwazabwino zake ndikuti siphon sikukhetsa madzi mu chiwiya china, koma kuyisefa, nthawi yomweyo imabwerera ku aquarium. Imakhala ndi mphuno yapadera, chifukwa chomwe mbewu sizikuvulala. Zimapilira poyeretsa ma aquariamu okhala ndi malita 20 mpaka 200. Koma mtunduwu uli ndi mtengo wokwera. Imagwira pa mabatire komanso pamagetsi. Batri ingathe kutha msanga ndikufuna kubwerezedwa pafupipafupi.
- Wopanga wina wamkulu ndi Hagen. Zimapangitsanso ma sipon ogwiritsa ntchito. Mwayi wake ndi payipi yayitali (mita 7), yomwe imathandizira kukonza. Pakati pa mitundu yambiri pamakampani omwe ali ndi makina ena amapampu. Ubwino wawo uli pamtengo: makina ndi pafupifupi 10 nthawi zotsika mtengo kuposa momwe adadzipangira okha.
Zigawo za Hagen ndizabwino kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi moyo wautali.
Njira yakutsuka (siphon) dothi la m'madzi
Kuyeretsa dothi la m'madzi ndi siphon sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muthamangire, koma muyenera kuyeretsa pansi pansi nthawi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyesa kuyenda pamtunda wonse wa dothi, koma kuti madzi osayipawo osapitilira 30 peresenti ya kuchuluka kwa madzi mu aquarium musanayeretse.
Sipon yozungulira yozunguliratu imatsuka mawonekedwe akuluakulu, komanso malo otseguka pansi pa pansi pa aquarium. Koma ngodya zake kapena zigawo zake zokuliriridwa ndi mbewu kapena kukakamizidwa ndi zokongoletsa sizovuta kuzisintha. Magalasi apamwamba opangidwa ndi siphon okhala ndi mawonekedwe azikuluzikulu pano azithandiza pano, omwe amalowerera mosavuta m'mabotolo ndi m'makona a aquarium.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito siphon pamadzi am'madzi, zotsatira za chotsekera pakhungu zimapangidwa, litsiro limasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera panthaka. Ngati siphon imamizidwa mwakuya m'nthaka ya aquarium, ndiye kuti dothi limachotsedwa pamtunda wansi ndi kuyimitsidwa kwawo munthawi yomweyo. Mkati mwa siphon, dothi limayamba kukwera, chinyezi ndi dothi lina zimatsikira mu thanki yokumba, ndipo zonyamula nthaka zimakhazikika pansi pamadziwo pansi pa kulemera kwake.
Makamaka mosamala muyenera kuyeretsa pansi pa aquarium, ngati mbewu zambiri zam'madzi zobzalidwa mmenemo, apo ayi mizu yake yokhazikika imatha kuwonongeka. Chifukwa chake, mukamayeretsa madzi am'madzi chotere, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera ndi zida zomwe zitha kulowa mosavuta m'malo osavomerezeka kwambiri komanso zidebe zazikulu. Makampani a Aquarium amatulutsa siphon yopangidwira milandu yotere. Mtunduwu ndi chubu chachitsulo pomwe mumapezeka payipi yolimba. Mapeto a chubu awa amataikidwa pakadali 2 mm mulifupi. Mabowo ambiri mpaka awiri mamilimita awiri anali kukumba mu gawo la chubu chachitsulo 3 cm kutalika pamwamba pamtsetse. Mtundu wa siphon uwu ndi woyenera kuyeretsa aquarium yokhala ndi chidutswa chadothi ndipo sioyenera mchenga. Siponi yokhala ndi chubu chachitsulo imakupatsani mwayi kuti muyeretse malo aliwonse ovuta kufikako osawononga mizu ya mbewu ndikuyamwa sludge kuchokera pansi pamadzi.
Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chidebe kuthilira madzi akuda, koma mphamvuyi imakhala yovuta kwambiri ngati mukufuna kuyeretsa thanki yayikulu (oposa malita 100). Chifukwa chake, akatswiri ambiri am'madzi amagwiritsa ntchito matumba azitali omwe amatambasuka kuchokera ku aquarium kupita ku bafa, kukhitchini kapena kuchimbudzi. Pogwiritsa ntchito payipi iyi, mutha kuthira madzi abwino, oyera mu aquarium. Pofuna kupewa kutchinga, tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kapena titha kugwera kumtunda kuchokera mu nsomba zonyansa, kumapeto kwa madziwo kuyenera kutayidwa mu beseni kapena chidebe chomwe chiikidwa mchimbudzi. Ndi njirayi, "kugwira" mosasinthika kudzakhazikika pansi pa thankiyo, ndipo madzi akuda adzalowa mu chimbudzi. Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi kuthekera kwa kusoka kwa dongosolo la chimbudzi kapena kutayika kwa nsomba zomwe mumakonda, ndiye kuti pezani siphon yokhala ndi ma mesh apadera.
Kuti muyeretse dothi la aquarium, muyenera siphon magawo onse ophweka komanso otseguka pansi. Ngati ndi kotheka, zokongoletsera zina zimatha kusunthidwa kapena kukwezedwa kuti zitheke kufikira siphon. Nthawi zambiri nsomba zambiri zam'mimbamo zimadziunjikira pansi pa miyala yayikulu, zokongoletsera zazomera komanso mabatani.Chifukwa chake, galasi limafunikira pansi penipeni pa aquarium. Ngati dothi lalikulu ligwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira pansi pamadzi, kapena m'mphepete mwa timiyala sitinagudubuka bwino, ndiye kuti siphon iyenera kumizidwa munthaka ndikuyenda mosunthika.
Sungani siphon m'dera limodzi dothi mpaka masamba 60 pa zinyalala, ndiye kuti muyenera kusunthira chipangizocho kumalo ena owonongeka. Ngati mungasunthire dothi pamalo osanja kumanja, kumanzere ndi kumbuyo, ndiye kuti siphon ilanda miyala, kotero muyenera kudikirira mpaka nthaka yolandidwa ikhazikike pansi pa pansi pa aquarium. Ngakhale nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito siphon, amakokera dothi kumalo ena. Ngati, mwachitsanzo, muyenera kuwaza chinthu chotopetsa cha zida (sprayer kapena hress compressor).
Mukamayamwa dothi la m'madzi, sikuti malo pansi pokhapokha amayeretsedwanso, komanso madzi akale osadetsedwa amathiridwa. Pogwira ntchito ndi siphon, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti kutaya kwamadzi akale sikupitirira 30 peresenti ya kuchuluka kwa aquarium. Musaiwale kuti simungathe kuthiratu madzi onse am'madzi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa dothi mwachangu ndi siphon. M'malo mwa madzi othiridwa, ndikofunikira kuti mudzaze madzi apompo, otetezedwa kale. Ngati panthawi imodzi sikunatheke kuyeretsa dothi moyenera, ndiye kuti njirayi iyenera kuchitidwanso.
Mukamayeretsa dothi, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti uku ndikulowerera kwakapangidwe kazinthu kamene kamapezeka pansi pamadzi. Chifukwa chake, sikoyenera kuyamwa zotulutsa zonse, dothi ndi siltara wa nthaka ya m'madzimo. Inde, mu zinthu izi mabakiteriya amoyo amakhala ndi moyo omwe amatha kuwononga chilengedwe. Gawo logawikalo ndilo feteleza wabwino kwambiri wamzomera. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi miyala ayikidwa mu aquarium. Kuti phili likhale bwino, ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu m'mphepete mwake momwe muli mizu yoyambira bwino. Zomera zokhala ndi dongosolo loterolo zimathandizira kukhazikika kwa phirili ndikuziteteza kuti zisapunthwe. Zachidziwikire, simuyenera kuchita phirili kufikira mbewuzo zitazika mizu. Pali mbewu zingapo zotchedwa kapeti kapena mbewu zam'mbuyo. Zimafalikira kudera lonse la aquarium ndipo zimawoneka bwino kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo sizipereka mwayi wofinya dothi, popanda kuwononga mizu yawo kapena kuphwanya mawonekedwe okongola.
Ngati pansi ponseponse pamadzaza ndi algae, dothi liyenera kuchotsedwa, kutsukidwa bwino, kenako ndikuwophika ndi kuwuma mu uvuni. Mukapanda kuchita izi munthawi yake, zigamba za anaerobic zokhala ndi dothi lakuda zidzaonekera mu aquarium, kenako wothamangitsa madzi amatha kudziwa fungo la mazira owola, zomwe zidzawonetse kukhalapo kwa hydrogen sulfide.
Gawo # 2. Onetsetsani kuti payipi ndi mulingo woyenera
Sipon iyenera kutalika kokwanira komanso kusinthasintha bwino kuti isamagwedezeke panthawi yomwe ikugwirizana kwambiri, kutsekereza madzi. Kutalika kwa chubu ndikofunikira mwina 1 cm. Monga lamulo, siphon yogulidwa imakwaniritsa zonse zofunikira.