Ngakhale nzika zaku New Guinea zidadziwa kalekale kuti zovala zanthunzi zakuda zamtunduwu ndi zotere poyizoni gulu la asayansi silinatsimikizire izi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Zotsatira zake, mbalameyi ndiyowopsa kwa anthu ndi zinyama poona zomwe zilimo batrachotoxin. Izi ndi poizoni zili mkati ndi ziwalo za nthenga wa thrush flycatcher. Ngati munthu agwira mbalameyi, ndiye kuti maphunziro ndi otheka mankhwala amayaka pakhungu.
Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa adye ndikuti amadya nsikidzi (Choresine pulchra), mthupi momwe muli batrachotoxin. Nthawi yomweyo mbalame imatha kusungidwa ndi poizoni.
Spur tsekwe
Mwa atsekwe, ndiye wamkulu kwambiri, wamalemera pafupifupi mapaundi 8. Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalameyo ndi mita imodzi. Ndi miyeso yotere, mbalame yokhala ndi utoto siimachoka. Kukwera mlengalenga kumayendetsedwa ndi kuyenda kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, ziphuphu zimakhazikika m'malo otsika. Pamenepo ndi poti ubalalike.
Spur tsekwe kuthawa
Mbalame zamtchire zimasankha Africa, makamaka, kum'mwera kwa Sahara ndi kumpoto kwa mtsinje wa Zambezi. Pali mitundu ingapo ya ku America ya Spur atsekwe. Mbalamezi zimakhala kumayiko akumwera, kukumana, mwachitsanzo, pamapepala a Bolivia.
Mitundu yokhala ndi mbeuyo imadziwika ndi mchira wake wobiriwira wakuda, mimba yoyera, mapiko amaso amakala, mbali yakutsogolo. Mutu wonse, khosi ndi msana ndi utoto wakuda. Mlomo wa mbalameyo ndi wofiyira, wosanjidwa ndi mbali.
Atsekwe wamba, kusyasyalika kumawonetsedwa pamlomo, kotero kuti owongoka amakhala ngati ma turkeys. Khungu lowonekera pang'ono pamutu wa ngwazi ya nkhaniyi limakumbukira izi. Amakhalanso ndi miyendo yotalikirapo, yayitali komanso yopanda minofu.
Toxin mbalame zapoizoni atavala spurs. Chifukwa chake dzina la mitundu. Atsekwe a ku Africa ali pamphepete mwa mapiko ake. Spikes amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza motsutsana ndi adani, makamaka mbalame zodyedwa, agalu amtchire ndi amphaka.
Menyu yazitsamba ya goose imakwaniritsidwa ndi mbozi, nsomba zazing'ono, akambuku ndi nsikidzi. Zotsalazo zimakhala ndi poizoni. Zaka mazana angapo zapitazo, anthu osamukasamuka anazindikira kuti ng'ombe zikufa pang'onopang'ono pamaofesi, komwe kunali zochulukirapo. Zimafanana ndi ma buu, koma ochulukirapo.
Spur tsekwe - wamkazi wokhala ndi mwana wankhuku
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a synthesizer toxin amatha kupha munthu. Pa kachilomboka kapena tsekwe, kumwa poizoni sikokwanira chifukwa chowopsa. Komabe, kupsa, kupweteka, ndi kuyabwa zimatha kuyambitsa poizoni.
Pali mitundu 5 ya atsekwe a Spur padziko lapansi. Ziwopsezo zawo zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zakudya za nsikidzi komanso kuchuluka kwazomwe zimapezeka m'deralo. Mwanjira ina, tsekwe imodzi imatha kukhala yotetezeka, ndipo inayo ndi yakupha poyizoni.
Pitoohu
Wina wa 6 mbalame zapoizoni. Mitundu mbalame zimakulitsa mndandandawo, chifukwa palinso mayina 6 a pitoo, ndi subspecies ambiri 20. Aliyense amakhala ku New Guinea. Pamenepo mbalame yapoizoni ndimaona ngati otopetsa.
Chifukwa cha zakumwa zoopsa, kuwawa kwa nyama mukaphika komanso kununkhira kosasangalatsa kwa khungu lopaka tsitsi munthawi ya kutentha, nyama siigwiridwa chakudya. Palibe osaka nyama kuti adyetse komanso m'nkhalango momwe mbalame zimakhalamo. Ngati kwa anthu poizoni wake ndi woopsa, koma osaphetsa, kwa omwe amadyera m'malo otentha ndi omwe amapha.
Po poison
Pokhala mbalame yosagwedezeka, pooh ndiyambiri ku New Guinea, koma sapezeka kunja. Mwanjira ina, mbalame zapoizoni zili pangozi m'deralo.
Dzina lapakati la Pitochu ndi wolumpha nsapato. Mbalame ya poizoni Amalandiranso poizoni kuchokera ku kachilomboka. Dzina lawo ndi Nanisani. Tizilomboti timapezekanso ku Guinea. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhala tating'ono, tokhala ndi thupi lamtali, lalitali. Mapikowo ndi afupi komanso ofiirira. Ndizosangalatsa kuti utoto wofananawo uli ndi mitundu yambiri ya pitokha - matoni awiri.
Khungubwe la thrush limachotsa batrachotoxin kuchokera ku kachikumbu. Poizoni yemweyo amaphedwa ndi chule wa masamba a nkhono omwe amakhala ku South America. Mkulu wa m'derali amalandila poizoni ndi nyerere zomwe zimadyedwa, njira, zimapezekanso kuderalo.
Batrachotoxin imagundidwa ndi ziwalo, khungu, nthenga za pitochu. Chifukwa chake mbalame yapoizoni kwambiri. Mwa kutenga mbalameyo ndi manja anu opanda kanthu, mutha kuwotcha. Komabe, kuwopsa kwa pitohu, komanso mpweya wokhazikika, zimatengera malo komanso kuchuluka kwa nanisani kumeneko.
Toxic pitahu ndi zomwe zapezeka mu 1990 zomwe zidapangidwa ndi John Dumbaker wa University of Chicago. Ornithologist adathawa ndi dzanzi pakamwa, akumanyambita chala chake, yemwe adamukhudza wosabowoka flycatcher. Wasayansi adamuchotsa iye mumsampha. Nthawi yomweyo, Dumbaker sanagwiritse ntchito magolovu, osazindikira kuwopsa kwa mbalamezo. Zitachitika izi, azungu adazindikira kuti kuli mbalame zapoizoni.
Kuphatikiza pa mitundu iwiri wachikhulupiriro pythoha. Mbalame ya poizoni akadali ndi mtundu wakuda, wowaza, wokola. Zonsezi sizipitilira masentimita 34 kutalika kwake, zimalemera magalamu mazana angapo.
Mitambo yakuda yakuda imatchedwa pythoha, popeza ndiofanana kukula kwake komanso kapangidwe kake ngati malamulo. Mlomo woloza wa mbalame zapoizoni udapangidwa kuti ugwire tizilombo, kuphatikizapo ntchentche.
Ifrit Cowaldi wokhala ndi mutu wabuluu
Bluehead Cowaldi - mbalame zaululu za mdzikokutsegulidwa chakumapeto kwa zaka zana. M'malo otentha, mbalame zimapezeka panthawi yapaulendo wopita kukaphunzira za pitochu. Maonekedwe atsopano ndiocheperako. Kutalika kwa phula lokhala ndi buluu sikupita masentimita 20. Mbalame imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 60.
Ifrit Cowaldi wokhala ndi mutu wabuluu
Mtundu wamtambo wamtambo umatchedwa mtundu wa "cap" yaimuna. Mwa akazi, ndi kofiyira ndipo maulalo kuchokera m'maso mpaka khosi amakhala chikasu. Amuna ali ndi mizere yoyera. Pali zakuda pamutu pa amuna ndi akazi onse. Nthenga zina zimakhala ngati zimayambira. Wakhazikika.
Thupi la covaldi ndi lofiirira. Poizyidiyo amakhala ndi chifuwa ndi miyendo. Zotsalazo zimakhalanso zofiirira, monga momwe tikuwonera pa chithunzi. Mbalame zapoizoni Ndipo nthenga zimakhala ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi. Komabe, mutha kuwotchera pogwira covaldi ndi manja anu opanda kanthu. Mbalameyi ndi imodzi mwa nyama 50 zoopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Ngakhale mawonekedwe ake okongola amaoneka ngati amtundu wa buluu. Mawu osasangalatsa ptah amapereka mkamwa wowongoka pang'ono. "Sash" wake wamkati ndi wamfupi kuposa wotsika. Pansi ndikugwada. Poizoni wa Cowaldi amapeza mwa kudya nsikidzi zomwezo monga pooh. Mbalame zomwe zimazolowera poizoni wa nanisani, sizitha kugwa. Kwina, batrachotoxin imachitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo.
Zidakwa zikaluma ululu wokhala ndi mutu wabuluu, poizoniyo amawotcha pakamwa ndikulowa m'mimba ndi malovu, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo kulowa m'magazi, kuwononga ziwalo. Kambuku wamwalira mphindi 10. Zinyama zazing'ono zomwe zimadyedwa zimafa mphindi 2-5.
Ifrite imayimba mokongola ndikulemekezedwa ndi nzika za New Guinea kwa olamulira a milungu. Mwachilengedwe, mbalame sizimadya. Monga pitohu, nyama ya kovaldi imawawa, ili ndi mbiri yosasangalatsa.
Magpie Flycatcher
Wina wokhala ku New Guinea. Komabe, magpie flycatcher imapezekanso ku Australia, ku Indonesia. Magpie flycatcher ndi gulu la odutsa Passeriformes, banja la azungu ku Australia. Pakati pa anthu, mbalame yomwe yotalika masentimita 24 imatchedwa woyimba pop, kuyimba kwake ndikosangalatsa.
Magpie Flycatcher
Kunja, chiwombankhanga chowongolera chimawoneka ngati tambala. Colours zimasiyana pang'ono, popeza pali mitundu 7 ya mbalame. Wina amakhala ndi msana wobiriwira, wina amakhala ndi bere lotuwa, lachitatu lili ndi apuroni wofiirira. Chifukwa chake, amtunduwo amatchedwa zofiirira, zokhala ndi zobiriwira. Onse ali otseguka mpaka gawo lachitatu la zaka zapitazi.
Woyambitsa mbozi-wamphawi 40 amatenga kwa tizilombo. Pakati pawo pali poizoni wambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Toxin amapangidwa ndi centipede wamba. Nthawi zambiri amadya ntchentche, amazilowetsa poyizoni kuti adwale. Chifukwa chake, kachiromboka kamaitchulanso ntchentche. Komabe, pali kachilomboka kowonjezereka.
Quail
Zaka mazana atatu zapitazo, Pofotokoza za Ukraine kuchokera kumalire a Muscovy kupita ku Transylvania, Guillaume Levasser de Beauplan analemba kuti: "Pali mitundu yapadera ya zinziri pano. Ali ndi miyendo yakuda yamtambo. Chimbudzi choterocho chimaphetsa iwo amene adadya. ”
Bukuli lidamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chifalansa mu 1660. Pambuyo pake, asayansi adatsutsa malingaliro a Boplan, kutsimikizira kuti zinziri zilizonse zitha kukhala pangozi. Palibenso mitundu ina yakupha yapoizoni.
Kalifornian yemwe anapitilira zinziri zazikazi ndi wamwamuna
Momwe mungamvetse zomwe mbalame ndi zapoizoni? Choyamba, muyenera kuganizira nthawi yomwe yasankhidwa kuti musaka. Zinziri zabwino komanso zokoma nthawi zambiri zimatha kukhala poyipa pofika Okutobala. Ino ndi nthawi yothawira mbalame kumayiko otentha.
Zomera za chimanga, zomwe zinziri zimakonda kudya, zimatha. Posapeza zakudya wamba, mbalame zimadyera zomwe zikupeza. Mphesa za zomera zapoizoni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Ndiye kuti, zinziri za zinziri, monga mbalame zina pamndandanda, zimalandiridwa ndi chakudya. Kusiyanako kuli mu mtundu wa chakudya. Pazilombo za zinziri zilibe kanthu.
Chaka chilichonse, mu kugwa, zochitika zakupha za nkhuku zakuthengo zinajambulidwa. Nthawi zambiri, ana ndi okalamba amamwalira. Malinga ndi mawerengero, masewera omwe amakhalapo nthawi zonse amakhala owopsa kuposa poohoo kapena mutu wovunda wamtambo. Amadziwa za kuopsa kwa izi, kupewa mbalame zapoizoni. Kuchokera ku zinziri za zinziri zomwe anthu ochepa amayembekeza. Anthu ambiri sadziwa za poizoni.
Popeza mbalame zonse zapoizoni zimapeza poizoni kuchokera ku tizilombo, kapena kuchokera ku zakudya zam'mera, mbalame zimakhala zopanda vuto pazakudya zomwe sizimapatula zakudya zowopsa. Lamuloli limagwiranso ntchito mbali ina. Mwachitsanzo, nkhuku wamba zimakhala zapoizoni.
Quail wamba
Madokotala amalangizidwa kuti asamagule mitembo yawo m'misika. Minda yankhuku yokhala ndi nkhuku imadyetsedwa mahomoni ndi maantibayotiki. Amathandizira kukula, amathandizira kulemera, amateteza nkhuku ku matenda.
Komabe, onse mahomoni ndi maantibayotiki amatha kudziunjikira minofu. Kuchokera ku nyama ya nkhuku, mtundu wina wa poizoni umalowa m'thupi la munthu wogula. Chifukwa chake, ndi mbalame iti yomwe ili ndi poizoni ndipo yomwe ilibe, mutha kutsutsabe.
Zinziri wamba
Quail wamba (Coturnix coturnix) ndi mbalame yaying'ono yosamuka yochokera ku banja la pheasant. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili ndi maonekedwe oyera a bulauni, ndipo amphongo ali ndi chibwano choyera. Monga momwe zimayenera kukhalira, mbalamezi zimakhala ndi mapiko azitali. Kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala pafupifupi 18,0-21.9 masentimita, ndi kulemera kwa 91-131 g.
Ngati zinzirizo zitadya mbewu zina (kuphatikiza njere za pikulnik), nyama yake imatha kukhala poyizoni. Munthu amene amadya nyama yoopsa ya mbalame amatha kudwala zomwe zimadziwika kuti cotourism. Zizindikiro zake ndi kuwawa kwa minofu. Komanso, nthendayi nthawi zina imayambitsa kulephera kwa impso.
Common Spur Goose
Common Spur Goose (Plectropterus gambensis) ndi mbalame yayikulu yochokera ku banja la abakha. Komabe, nyamayi imakhala ndi mitundu ingapo ya mautomiki ndipo, motero, imagawidwa kwa gulu lake laling'ono Plectropterinae. Mbalame ndizofala m'malo otentha kum'mwera kwa Sahara ku Africa.
Akuluakulu amakula mpaka 75-115 masentimita ndipo amalemera pafupifupi 4-6,8 kg, pomwe amuna ndi ochulukirapo kuposa achikazi. Akuluakulu am'madzi aku Africa. Mbalameyi nthawi zambiri imakhala yapoizoni chifukwa cha kachilomboka komwe kachilomboka kamadya. Poizoni, cantharidin, yemwe amakhala m'matumbo a mbalame amatsogolera poizoni wa iwo omwe amadya tsekwe. Pafupifupi 10 mg ya cantharidin amatha kupha munthu.
Forest Shrike Flycatcher
Forest Shrike Flycatcher (Colluricincla megarhyncha- - yamtundu wa mbalame kuchokera kubanja la azungu aku Australia. Malo okhala mbalamezi ndi malo otentha kapena otentha okhala / nkhalango zamapiri za Australia ndi New Guinea. Pophunzira kuopsa kwa mbalame kuchokera ku mtundu wa Pitochu, zitsanzo ziwiri za m'nkhalango zowoneka ngati nkhuni zinayesedwa. Limodzi mwa zitsanzozi linali ndi ma batrachotoxin, ofanana ndi omwe amapezeka m'matumbo a achule ochokera ku Central ndi South America.
Mosakayikira, pali mitundu ina ya mbalame yomwe imakhala ndi zida zodzitchinjiriza, koma masiku ano sizidziwika.
Osati mbalame zapoizoni nthawi zonse
Mitundu ina ya poizoni yomwe kawopsedwe wake sikhala nthawi zonse ndipo amapezeka kokha pomwe magwero a poizoni amapezeka muzakudya zawo ndi tsekwe (Plectropterus gambensis), yemwe amakhala ku Africa yotentha kumwera kwa Sahara, ndi zinziri wamba. Kuopsa kwa tsekwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kupatsa thanzi kwa ma bugs-pliers (Meloidae), etc.
Magulu osiyanasiyana amafotokoza milandu yambiri ya poizoni ndi nyama ya zinziri wamba. Zomwe zimayambitsa poyizoni panthawi yopatukana sizinadziwike, ngakhale zidziwitso zoyambirira zaiwo zidafalitsidwa m'mabuku zaka za zana la 17. "Kufotokozera kwa Ukraine kuchokera kumalire a Muscovy kupita kumalire a Transylvania, wopangidwa ndi Guillaume Levasser da Boplan" (kutanthauzira kwa 1660), ili ndi mizere iyi: "Kuderali kuli mitundu yapadera ya zinziri zamiyendo yamtambo komanso zakufa kwa iwo omwe amadya." Lingaliro la Boplan kuti zinziri za poizoni ndi za "mtundu wapadera" womwe umasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa miyendo yake ndizolakwika.
Zomwe zimayambitsa poizoni ndikudzikundikira (kudzikundikira) kwa zinthu zakupha mu nkhuku nyama mbalame zitadya pikulnik mbewu. Ma alkaloids omwe ali m'mbewu za chomera ichi amachititsa kutsekeka kwa malekezero a mitsempha yamagalimoto m'misempha yokhazikika. Zochita za poizoni wambiri ndizokhazikika, chifukwa chake zinziri zimatha kudya popanda vuto lililonse mwa mbewu zina, zapoizoni kwa anthu ndi ziweto. Poizoni amakana kutentha. Kuwotcha nyama ya zinziri sikuwononga. Poizoni m'maso anthu amadziwika chifukwa chodya osati nyama ya mbalame "zapoizoni" zokha komanso msuzi wawo, komanso mbatata yokazinga ndi mafuta a zinziri. Chipatala cha poizoni chimadziwonekera pakatha maola 3-4, ndipo nthawi zina ola limodzi (nthawi zosowa kwambiri, maola 15-20) mutatha kudya poizoni. Chizindikiro choyamba ndi kufooka konsekonse, anthu sangathe kusuntha miyendo yawo, ndipo nthawi zina amasiya kusuntha konse. Pambuyo pake, ululu wopweteka kwambiri wamisempha ya ng'ombe umachitika, kenako - kupweteka m'chiuno kumbuyo, kumbuyo ndi pachifuwa. Kupuma kumakhala kopanda komanso pafupipafupi. Kenako kupweteka kwambiri kumachitika m'mikono ndi khosi. Kusuntha kwa miyendo (kusinthasintha kwawo ndi kutalikirana), makamaka manja, kumakhala kosatheka chifukwa cha ululu, kuuma kumachitika. Ululu umatenga 2 mpaka 12 maola, nthawi zina mpaka tsiku, osawerengeka - masiku 2-3. Monga lamulo, palibe imfa.
Pali ntchito zina zomwe zikusonyeza kuti choyambitsa chakupha ndi zinziri mwina chimakhala njere za kanjira (poyenda pang'onopang'ono) yomwe imadyetsa mbalame. Mwakutero, nyama ya nkhuku imasonkhanitsa poizoni wambiri kotero kuti ngakhale pang'ono zake zimayambitsa poizoni. Zinziri zodziwika bwino zimatha kudya zipatso za hemlock osadzivulaza, ndipo mwa anthu nyama za mbalame zotere zimatha kuyambitsa poizoni wa nyama ya akavalo. Zotsirizirazi malinga ndi momwe thupi la munthu limakhudzira ndi ofanana ndi chikonga, koma limadziwika ndi kufooketsa kwamphamvu pakumatha kwamanjenje komanso ma neuropus. Kuphatikiza pa nyama ya mahatchi, mbewu ya hemlock imakhala ndi ma alkaloidi ambiri komanso mafuta oopsa kwambiri. Chipatala chothandizira kupha nyama ya zinziri, chodyetsedwa pazipatso za hemlock, chimadziwonetsa pakulankhula mseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka kwam'mimba, kuchuluka kwa masisitere, chizungulire, kufooka kwa khungu ndi kuchepa kwa kukhudza kumadziwika. Kuphatikiza apo, pali kuphwanya kwa kumeza, kumeza kumakhala kufooka, bradycardia kumachitika, kutentha kwa thupi kumachepa, kukulira kukomoka, kupweteka kwapakati pa neuralgic ndikotheka, ziwalo zambiri (makamaka zikukwera) zimayamba.Kupezeka kwa khunyu kumatengera isphyxia, ndipo mwa zovuta, zotsatira zakupha zimachitika chifukwa cha kukomoka, kupundula ziwalo.
Pakakhala poizoni ndi zinziri nyama yomwe ili ndi cycutotoxin yomwe ili mu nthangala za poizon, kufooka, kugona, chizungulire, kupweteka kwam'mimba kumayamba, kusanza pafupipafupi kumachitika, khungu limayamba kutuluka, ana amayamba kuchepa, kupuma movutikira kumadziwika, kugunda kwake kumayamba kuchepa. Poizoni amakhala m'malo a medulla oblongata - woyamba mosangalatsa kenako kufa ziwalo. Pankhaniyi, kukokana kwakukulu kumadziwika, pomwe nthawi imatha kufa chifukwa cha ziwalo zam'mimba zopuma.
10. Seagull ndi mbalame zowopsa
Mutha kuganiza kuti chinthu chovuta kwambiri kwa seagull chingachitike ndi kuba chakudya chanu chamasana. Kapena kumetedwa kumutu. Koma okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ali ndi mbali yamdima yomwe imabisala pansi pa nthenga zawo. Ndipo udzaziwona ngati utapunthwa pachisa chawo.
Mbalame ina ikasokoneza ana ake, imatha kubaya chigaza mwamphamvu. Ndipo yambani kupukusa ubongo.
9. Velociraptor
Inde, adakhalako nthawi zakale, nthawi yomweyo ngati dinosaurs. Koma ndikofunikira kufotokozera kuti, mosiyana ndi chikhulupiriro chodziwika, chomwe chikuwonetsedwa ku Jurassic Park, Ma Velociraptors anali mbalame zopota zazitali, osati abuluzi wolimba.
Awa anali mbalame zowopsa kwambiri nthawi zonse , ngakhale lero oimira oyipitsitsa a mbalame sangathe kuwaphimba.
Iwo anali anzeru kwambiri, osakidwa m'matumba (malinga ndi chiphunzitso chimodzi). Koma analinso ndi zibwano zakuthwa ngati ma Stud, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe amatha kudula pakhosi la wovulalayo. Ndipo ozunzidwawo, monga lamulo, anali dinosaurs, osati mbewa zam'munda ndi nsomba.
8. Falcon
Mbalame yakudyayi imabowola timiyala tating'onoting'ono ndi nsomba, ndikung'amba matupi awo ndi zibwano zakuthwa kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe apadera a mlomo, amatha kuthana ndi omwe akuvutika mdera la msana. Awa ndi makina osakira okhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimawathandiza pakukwanira kwawo.
Ngakhale atha kuphunzitsidwa kusaka anthu, akadali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu, chifukwa chake amatha kuyambitsa mavuto akulu, makamaka akadali achichepere.
7. Mutu wofiirira wamtambo
Ngakhale kuti mbalameyi imangodya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, imakhala ndi zida zodzitetezera yomwe imathandizira kuti izitha kudziteteza ku nyama yomwe imadya kwambiri. Kudya kachilombo ka mtundu winawake, komwe kamapanga chinthu chapadera chomwe chimasanduka chiphe m'thupi la mbalameyo, kumakhala koopsa.
Ngati mumatenga ndi manja anu opanda kanthu, ndiye kuti miyendo yake imayamba kuzimiririka, ndipo poizoni umalowa mkhungu. Ndani angaganize kuti mbalame yaying'ono yokongola ngati imeneyi ikhoza kuyipitsa thanzi?
5. Mbalame zowopsa
Ichi chinali choyamba pa mbalame zitatu zoyipa zomwe zimapezeka koyamba, khungu ndi nthenga zomwe zimanyamula poyizoni wakupha. Anthu okhala ku Papua New Guinea amachitcha kuti "mbalame yotayira" chifukwa ndi chosatheka. Pafupifupi. Akatswiri amisiri amatha kumasula mbalamezi kuizoni pochotsa khungu ndi nthenga kuchokera pamenepo ndikuziyika pamakala. Komabe, simuyenera kuyiyika pachiwopsezo ndi kusangalala ndi china chake.
4. Chiwombankhanga
Kuopsa kwa mbalameyi kumakhala pachiwopsezo chake. Ili ndi kapangidwe ka milomo yapadera, milomo yakuthwa kwambiri komanso yowoneka bwino kwambiri, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwa nyama zolusa kwambiri kuthengo. Amatha kuuluka ndikuligwira mtembo wama kilogalamu awiri omenyedwayo.
Amakhuta kwambiri, chifukwa amatha kudya pafupifupi kilogalamu ya nsomba m'mphindi zinayi. Mbalame zowopsa izi ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu, zimatengedwa kwambiri kuti chithunzi chawo chimakhala m'manja mwa mayiko ambiri.
3. Vyani
Mbalamezi zimawoneka zonyansa komanso zoyipa. Amatha kuwoneka atapachikika ndikuzungulira mitembo, popeza pamlingo waukulu omasulira , natenga ziwalo za gulu lake zitafa, ndipo thupi linayamba kuola.
Malo omwe ali m'mimba mwawo ndi acidic, omwe amawateteza ku mabakiteriya, mavairasi ndi anthrax, pomwe nyama zambiri zimafa. Kuphatikiza apo, mkodzo wawo ndi mankhwala othandizira omwe amapha dothi lililonse losayera.
Mbalame ya Chiphe
Mtundu wamtunduwu sugwidwa kuti ugwiritse ntchito mu chakudya, chifukwa mukaphika, kununkhira kosasangalatsa kumawonekera, ndipo nyamayo imakhala yowawa - chifukwa chake ndi kuwopsa kwa ng'ombe. Mbalameyo imapakidwa utoto 2 - lalanje ndi wakuda, koma nthawi zina mitundu ina imapezeka. Kulemera kwa mbalameyi sikuposa 200 g, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala mpaka 35 cm.
Kwa anthu, poizoni siowopsa, koma kwa nyama, imatha kufa. Monga mbalame zina zonse zapoizoni, poizoniyo amalandila poizoni kuchokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mtundu wa mbalameyi ndi woopsa kwambiri komanso wowopsa, chifukwa nthenga, khungu ndi ziwalo zimalembera poizoni. Kutenga mbalame yokhala ndi manja m'manja kungachititse kuti muziwotcha kwambiri.
2. Mbawala za mbalame zowopsa
Mbalame zowopsa izi ndizazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, kukula kwawo kumatha kufika 2, 8 metres, ndi kulemera kwa 158 kg. Amakhala osadalirika kwambiri. Amatha kuthamanga ma kilomita 10 kuthamanga kwa 50 km / h, ndipo miyendo yake ndi yolimba kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kupha fisi ndi kumenya kamodzi.
Komanso, ali ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa kwambiri. Akadapanda kukhala ndi chizolowezi chobisa mitu yawo mumchenga, ndiye kuti akadalumbira kuti sichinthu china chopanda chowopsa.
1. Cassowary
Mbalameyi imadziwika kuti ndi mbalame yoopsa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo munthu woyamba kupalamula mlandu woyenera kuphedwa ayenera kuphedwa. Mbalameyi imakhala ku New Guinea, chikhadabo chake chakuthwa kwamasentimita 12 chimakhala pamwamba pa chovala china chomwe chimatha kupha munthu.
Miyendo yawo ili ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa, ndipo amathamanga kuthamanga mpaka 50 km / h. Pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, asitikali aku America ndi ku Australia ku New Guinea anachenjezedwa kuti asayandikire.
Izi si mbalame zonse zowopsa zomwe ziyenera kupewa. Koma owopsa kwambiri kwa anthu.
Amvera kuChingwe changa cha ng'ombe , pamaso pa zambiri zosangalatsa za nyama.
Monga choncho kangani masankhidwe athu!