Humpbacks ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, gawo lake lalikulu lomwe limapezeka kwambiri kumbuyo. Izi zimatha kukhala ngati nyanga, malovu, zitunda, mipira, ndi zina zotero.

Zomwe zimamera pakhungu la humpback zimatha kukhala zokulirapo kuposa zomwe zimapanga zokha. Chifukwa cha iwo, kusaka izi kwadziwika.

Malo okhala Humpback

Pali mitundu yopitilira 3,000 ya tizilombo. Amayi onyentchera amakhala padziko lonse lapansi, samapezeka ku Antarctic kokha. Mitundu yambiri imakhala m'malo otentha ku South America. Kuphatikiza apo, ma humpbacks amapezeka m'malo otentha.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti m'malo otentha otentha, kunja kwakumaso kuli mawonekedwe ochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi anzawo akumwera.

Nyumba zanyumba zokhala ndi nyanga zimakhala mdziko lathu, koma mawonekedwe awo siwovuta. Ku Europe, pali mitundu itatu yokha yamtundu wa humpbacks.

Khalidwe la Humpback

Malo ambiri okhala pamtunda amakhala pazomera. Malo omwe amawakonda kwambiri ndi m'mphepete komanso m'miyala. Mwa azimayi ambiri okhala ndi nkhawa, gawo lina la moyo limachitika pamitengo.

Ngakhale zida zomwe zili pamatumbi a humpback zitha kukhala zazikulu, tizilombo touluka timatha kuuluka.

Zowona, sizimawuluka kwambiri. Amatha kuthana mumlengalenga mphindi zochepa chabe.

Moyo wamtundu wambiri sungatchulidwe kuti uli wokhuta, popeza ambiri a iwo sasiya mbewu. Amayamwa mazira kuchokera ku mbewu. Madzi a masamba a Humpback ndiye gwero lalikulu la zakudya. Tizilombo tambiri ndi mphutsi zimadya. Zimayambitsa zowonongeka zazing'ono zing'onozing'ono zobzala.

Pali malo owerengeka kuyambira Julayi mpaka Ogasiti.

Maonekedwe a malovu

Monga tanena kale, gawo lalikulu la mitunduyi ndiwopatsa chidwi kupitilira pamenepo. M'malo ena omasuka, ndi osavuta, mwachitsanzo, amafanana ndi lipenga, pomwe ena amakhala nyumba zomangidwe. Tanthauzo lalikulu la kutuluka kwa zinthu sizodziwikiratu, mwanjira iyi, ndi njira zowonera.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti amuna ndi akazi amtundu womwewo, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa zotuluka zimasiyana.

Kukula kwa humpback

Akazi achi Humpback amaikira mazira pamwamba pa masamba, pamizu yazomera, kapena pansi pa khungwa. Mazira hibernate. Kuti ateteze mazira, akazi ambiri amawaphimba ndi chinthu chapadera chithovu chomwe chimawuma ndipo chimakhala cholimba. Ndipo akazi ena amateteza zovala zawo, kuwonjezera apo, amakhalabe ndi mphutsi mpaka atakula.

Mafuta a mphutsi a humpback ali ndi shuga. Izi zakudyazo zimatchedwa mame a uchi. Nyerere ngati mame kwambiri. Motere, mgwirizano pakati pa humpback nymphs ndi nyerere wakhazikitsidwa, wothandiza mitundu yonse ya tizilombo. Nyerere zimadya pa zinthu zotsekemera, ndipo "zikomo" zimateteza nyansi ku tizilombo tina tamadwala.

Malo okhala ma hump ali otetezeka kwathunthu kwa anthu, ngakhale kuti nyanga zake ndi minga ndi lakuthwa ndipo zimatha kudulidwamo.

Mutu

Mutu umakhala wachikazi komanso chachimuna. Mphumi mu genera yambiri yomwe ili ndi mphesa zam'mimba zomwe zimayambira ku anterior ocellus ndikutha kumapeto pamphumi. Mitundu yambiri imakhala yopanda setie wamba, ndipo kwa ena, mtundu Gymnophorambali zonse zakutsogolo. Pali ma setae owonjezera, nthawi zambiri ena awiri a supraantenal kapena a intermedial. Kufufuza kwa amuna ndi akazi kumakhala kusiyanasiyana kutalika ndi kutalika kwa lacinas ndi labellum. Antennae ali ndi zigawo zazikulu zitatu komanso chimodzi mwa magawo atatu; nthawi zina, aristas sangakhalepo. Palps nthawi zambiri ndi setae angapo.

Pesi

Bokosi limakhala ndi scutum yayitali ndi scutellum ndi chishango chomwe chili pansi pake. Mwa akazi opanda mapiko, scutallum imachepetsedwa pang'ono kapena kulibe. Bokosi limanyamula mabrashi osiyanasiyana kumtunda wamkati ndi kumbali, komanso mabatani awiri kapena anayi pachikopa. Pa mesopleura ina, poyambira kumaoneka ngati zilembo L, zomwe zimagawidwa ndi mesopleura.

Zachilengedwe ndi malo okhala

Khalidwe la hunchback ndilosiyanasiyana. Mphutsi zamitundu yambiri zimadyera mwapadera, zina zimadya mazira a sawflies, ntchentche za caddis, akangaude, nsabwe za m'mizere, mphutsi za udzudzu wazipatso, ndi ma sera a ndulu. Tizilombo tambiri tofanizira kapena tizilombo tambiri touluka, makamaka zokhala ndi nyerere, komanso njuchi, mavu ndi milili. Mphutsi zamtundu wina wa humpback zimadya zomera kapena ma bowa amoyo. Palinso mitundu yambiri yomwe mphutsi zake zimadya zinthu zowola, zina zomwe zimangopezeka pa bowa kapena maollamu. Pakati pa thukuta pali ma polyphage ambiri, mwachitsanzo, mitundu Megaselia scalaris ndi Dohrniphora chimutaAmatha kukhala chomera chomera, chomera chakum'mera, mitembo ya nyama, manyowa, mkaka, matumbo a munthu ndi kwamikodzo, m'magulu a njuchi. Mitundu ina ndi nyerere za nyerere zomwe zimatsutsa ndikuyika mazira awo pachikuto cholimba. Ntchentche zachikulire zimadya timadziti tambiri nthawi zambiri.

Kufunika kwachuma

Kukumana ndi zovuta zina kumatha kuyambitsanso chuma. Humpbacks kuvulaza m'minda yobzala bowa. Kudera lokhazikika, amalembedwa ngati onyamula mliri wa njuchi. Ma humpbacks omwe amayambitsa masi mwa anthu ndi zoweta, komanso zonyamula kolera, amadziwikanso. Megaselia scalaris .

Pakati pa malo okhala, pali zida zowongolera zachilengedwe zomwe zimakonda kwambiri gawo lapansi la humpback-parasitoids zimathandizira, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyerere zomwe zimadula masamba Atta ndi Acromyrmex .

Gulu

Mulinso mitundu 245 ya mabanja komanso mabanja 6: Phorinae, Aenigmatiinae, Metopininae (kuphatikiza mafuko Beckerinini ndi Metopinini), Alamirinae, Termitoxeniinae, Thaumatoxeninae. Udindo wa mabanja achichepere termitoxeniinae (Alamira - Horologiphora - Linklloydia - Perissa - Perittophora - Pronudiphora - Ridiculiphora - Selenophora - Septemineophora - Siluphora - Volvectiphora) ndi Thaumatoxeninae (Thaumatoxena) Chachikulu kwambiri Megaselia mulinso pafupifupi mitundu 1500 (400 mwa iwo ku Europe).