Fumbi la Central Asia limapezeka zachilengedwe kumapiri ndi zipululu, m'malo ovuta a Kazakhstan, India, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, amadziwika mochedwa komanso pang'onopang'ono, amagwiritsa ntchito zingala ngati nyumba. Chifukwa cha kuphweka kwa chisamaliro chantchito, anthu ambiri amasankha mawonekedwe amtunduwu mkati.
Ufulu wapakati ku Asia - mitundu
Ziphimba za kumtunda kwa Central Asia ndizochepa kukula - zimafikira 15 cm cm zokha. Ali ndi chipolopolo chozungulira, chofanana ndi nthuza, utoto wamafuta a maolivi woteteza bulauni wokhala ndi masamba amdima. M'mphepete mwake pali zikopa 25 za nyanga 25, pamphanga - 13, pa pulaneti - 16. Mutu wa kamba ndi maolivi wokhala ndi nsagwada yakumtunda. Pa miyendo yakutsogolo kuli zibwano zinayi. Mitundu 5 ya ufulu waku Central Asia adadziwika:
- Bogdanovi. Imakhala ndi chivundikiro chotsika, chosanja komanso chosalala cha maolivi kapena mtundu wa emarodi.
- Horsfieldii. Amadziwika ndi mtundu wonga utoto wamatumbo kapena emerald hue, wokhala ndi ma tubercles opangidwa bwino,
- Kazachstanica. Zosintha mtundu
- Rustamovi. Amadziwika ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono, zipolopolo za humpback zokhala ndi ma tubine apamwamba kwambiri a pineal,
- Kuznetzovi. Imayimiriridwa ndi carapace yokhala ndi zodera zakuda pamtunda wa udzu, womwe ndi wozungulira.
Kukhala mwachilengedwe
Kambuku wa steppe amatchedwa dzina la wasayansi wina waku America a Thomas Walker Horsfield. Monga momwe dzinalo likunenera, malo okhala ku Central Asia, m'mapiri kuchokera ku China kupita ku Uzbekistan ndi Kazakhstan.
Amakonda dothi lamchenga, koma amapezekanso pa loam. Makamaka amasungidwa pamatanthwe kapena m'mapiri, pomwe pali madzi, chifukwa chake udzu ndi wambiri.
Amakhala mumabowo omwe amadzimba okha kapena achilendo. Ngakhale amakhala m'madambo, m'malo mwake amafunika malo okhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira kwambiri kuti athe kukumba. Ngati nthaka ili youma komanso yolimba, sangathe kukumba konse.
Kukhala ndi mitundu yambiri, amalembedwa mu Red Book ngati mitundu yomwe ili pangozi, makamaka chifukwa chosodza kugulitsa.
Kodi kamba wa ku Central Asia amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Kutalika kwa moyo wa akamba mwachilengedwe ndi zaka 40-50. Zinyama zodzitchinjiriza mkati zimafikira zaka 15 zakubadwa. Ngati zomwe zikuchitikazo ndizotheka kukhalapo, zimatha kukhalabe mu ukapolo zaka 30. Asanadziwe zaka zapakati pa ufulu wapakati ku Asia, ndikofunikira kuwerengera mitengo yomwe ili patsamba 13 lapakati pake. Ziwerengero zawo ndi zofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zaka zomwe nyama zodzala ndi nyama.
Phokoso la kumtunda kwa Central Asia kwa nthawi yayitali kuukapolo kumafuna nyumba yayikulu, yokonzeka mikhalidwe ya chiweto. Ena obereketsa mu chirimwe amamupangira zolembera zazikulu pa gawo la nyumbayo. Ngati izi sizingatheke, chimodzimodzi, chamoyo chomwe chikugwiriridwa chimayenera kumachitika nthawi zambiri mlengalenga, padzuwa. Ndikofunikira pakukonzanso ufulu wa ku Central Asia - kuti ipatse malo ambiri amoyo, motero imakhalabe yogwira komanso yathanzi kwazaka zambiri. Khazikitsani zodzikongoletsera m'mabokosi apulasitiki, m'madzi am'madzi, m'malo owotcherera.
Kufotokozera
Ufulu waku Central Asia ndiwocheperako, ndipo umatha kukula pafupifupi 15-25 cm.
Amuna ndi ocheperako poyerekeza ndi akazi pafupifupi 13-20, akazi 15-16 cm, komabe, nthawi zambiri samakula kukula ndipo kukula kumasiyana pakati pa 12-18 cm.
Pa kukula kwa 15-16, wamkazi amatha kubereka mazira. Akamba obadwa kumene amakhala pafupifupi 3 cm.
Mtundu wa anthu osiyanasiyana ungasiyane, koma nthawi zambiri carapace (mbali yakumtunda ya chipolopolo) imakhala yobiriwira kapena yofiirira ya maolivi yokhala ndi mawanga amdima. Mutu ndi zipsera ndizakaso zachikaso.
Awa ndi akamba amodzi okhaokha mu mtundu wa Testudo womwe uli ndi zala zinayi, osati zala zitatu pakatikati pawo.
Ufulu waku Central Asia ndi umodzi mwazofala kwambiri pamitundu yonse yapadziko lapansi, ndizosavuta kuusunga, chinthu chachikulu ndichisamaliro choyenera.
Ngakhale ndi kakulidwe kakang'ono, akambuku awa ndi otakataka, amafunika malo. Amalangizidwanso kuti ali ndi kuthekera kukumba.
Ngati ali ndi kuthekera kukumba, ndiye kuti amalolera kusiyana kwakukulu kutentha, ndipo amatha kumusunga panja nthawi yachilimwe.
Mwachitsanzo, amalekerera bwino kutentha kwa usiku kwa 10 ° C. Ngati pali mwayi wotere, ndiye kuti nthawi yachikondi ndi bwino kuisunga mlengalenga, mwachitsanzo, mnyumba yanyumba kapena m'munda wamseri.
Khola lotchinga lizikhala lalikulu, 2 * 2 metres. Mpanda uyenera kulowa pansi ndi 30 cm, chifukwa amatha kukumba ndikuthawa.
Komanso kutalika kwa mpanda osachepera 30 cm kuyenera kukhala kutalika. Nthawi zambiri amakumba ngodya, motero kuyika miyala ikuluikulu kumapangitsa kuthawa kwawo kukhala kovuta.
Amayamba kukumba mwachangu pamene kusiyanasiyana pakati pa kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku kumakhala kwakukulu, chifukwa chake amapulumutsidwa ku hypothermia.
Mutha kukonzekera iwo pomwepo dzenje lomwe kamba amabisala usiku, lomwe lingachepetse chidwi chake pokumba pansi. Potsekeramo, ikani chidebe chamadzi chokwanira kuti chizitha kusamba, koma nthawi yomweyo chimatha kutuluka popanda mavuto.
Sizotheka kusunga nyumba m'miyezi yozizira, kapena ngati mukuwasunga pabwalo. Koma, ndikofunikira mu chirimwe kuti amutulutsire kunja, padzuwa.
Ingotsimikizirani kuti kamba sikudya zakudya zapoizoni, kapenanso kubwera ndi nyama.
Itha kusungidwa m'mabokosi apulasitiki, ma aquariums, malo opangira ma terariamu. Chachikulu ndikuti ikhale malo olimba ndipo kamba wanu samathawa.
Nyama imodzi imafunikira malo osapitirira 60 * 130 cm, koma kuposa pamenepo. Ngati malo ndi ochepa, amakhala owopsa kapena akayamba kukumba m'makona.
Chinsinsi cha zomwe zalembedwazo ndi kumupatsa iye malo ochuluka amoyo momwe angathere, ndi momwe amakhalabe wathanzi, wokangalika ndipo zidzakhala zosangalatsa kumuwona.
Ena nthawi zambiri amamusunga ngati chiweto, zomwe zimawalola kuti azingoluka mnyumbayo. Komabe, izi sizingachitike!
Kupatula kuti mutha kudutsa kapena kukakamira mnyumbamo, pali zojambula ndi dothi, ndipo kamba waku Central Asia amawopa kwambiri.
Ndikofunikanso kupereka magetsi otenthetsera ndi UV kwa maola osachepera 12 tsiku lililonse, koma tikambirana zambiri pansipa.
Monga tanena kale, akamba amakonda kusemba. Ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti ali mu ukapolo ali ndi mwayi wotere.
Mwachitsanzo, mutha kupanga dothi lokhazikika ndi ma coconut shavings (kuti muchepetse) mu terarium yawo kapena kuyika wosanjikiza mu ngodya imodzi. Mchenga suyenera, ngakhale amakhulupirira kuti zosiyana.
Koma, zidadziwika kuti njoka imumeza mwangozi, ndipo imamutsekera mkatimo ndipo imatha kupha.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa kuti athe kukumba ndikuzama, ndikuyimbanso.
Ngati alibe mwayi wokumba, ndiye kuti ayenera kumadzisungapo pobisalira. Itha kukhala theka la mphika, bokosi, ndi zina. Chachikulu ndichakuti palibe m'mphepete lakuthwa ndipo mutha kutembenukiranso.
Mu terarium muyenera kuyikapo chidebe chamadzi, kuti kambukuyu azitha kulowa mkatimo ndikumwa.
Kuti mukhale ndi madzi osalala, muyenera kusamba sabata ndi tsiku mubafa yodzaza ndi madzi ofunda, pafupi ndi khosi lake. Ana amasambitsidwa nthawi zambiri.
Miyala ikuluikulu, yosalala imawathandiza kupukutira nsapato zawo, komanso imakhala ngati chakudya. Akamba aku Central Asia amakonda kukwera kwinakwake, motero apatseni mwayi.
Dziwani kuti ndi malo omwe amatha kuchitira nkhanza achibale.
Malo oopsa opezeka ku Central Asia
Pofukula dziko la Central Asia, ndikasungidwa mu terarium pachinthu chilichonse, malo osachepera 60x130 masentimita akulimbikitsidwa, ndipo kuposa pamenepo ndibwino. Kupititsa Panja:
- Chombocho chimasankhidwa chopingasa ndi mpweya wokwanira ndi mbali.
- Kutentha mu terarium kuyenera kukhala pamlingo wa 25-27 ° С, pakona yosiyana pansi pa nyali - mpaka 33 ° С.
- Bulb masana 40 W kutalika kwa 20 cm imakhazikitsidwa pachikuto kuti ichiritse kutentha ndi kuwunikira.
- Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa pogona yomwe imagwirira ntchito ngati chivomerezo. Kwa izi, bokosi lozunguliridwa, theka la mphika, ndiloyenera.
- Chidebe chamadzi nthawi zina chimayikidwa mu terarium, koma izi sizofunikira - turtle imakhala ndi udzu wokwanira wowoneka bwino komanso kusamba sabata iliyonse kuti ikhutitse thupi ndi chinyezi.
Kutentha
Ndikofunikira kuti kutentha ku terrarium kukhale 25-27 ° C ndi malo osiyana, otenthedwa ndi nyali, kutentha kwa 30-33 ° C.
Ngati ali ndi chisankho, amasamukira komwe amakhala bwino masana.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwachilengedwe, amakhala m'malo otentha, koma kutentha kwambiri (kapena otsika kwambiri), amakwera mumabowo momwe kutentha kumatakhazikika.
Pansi pa nyali:
Kutentha, nyali wamba ya incandescent ndi yoyenera, yomwe imapereka kutentha kwambiri.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kusintha kutalika pamwamba pamalopo kuti turtle isatenthe, pafupifupi 20 cm, koma osapitirira 30. Kutentha koyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri, ndipo kutalika kwa tsiku ndi kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala osachepera maola 12.
Kuphatikiza pa kutentha, ufulu wa ku Central Asia umafunanso njira ina yowonjezera ya UV.
Pazomwezi, nyali zapadera zapamtunda (10% UVB) zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo azitsamba, zowonjezera ma UV.
Zachidziwikire, m'chilengedwe amapeza kuchuluka koyenera mwachilengedwe. Koma, kunyumba, kulibe mwayi, ndipo ndikofunikira kulipira!
Chowonadi ndichakuti popanda ma radiation a ultraviolet samatulutsa vitamini D3 ndipo kagayidwe kake ka calcium, kofunikira pakukula kwa chipolopolo, kumavulala kwambiri.
Tsoka ilo, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chinyezi chonse cha kamba chimapezeka pazomera zomwe zimadya.
Inde, m'chilengedwe amakhala m'malo ouma, ndipo amachotsa madzi mthupi mwakulemera.
Koma, izi sizikutanthauza konse kuti iwo samamwa. Kuphatikiza apo, amakonda kusambira ndipo munthu wachikulire ku ufulu wa ku Central Asia muyenera kusamba kamodzi pa sabata.
Amamizidwa m'madzi ofunda, pafupi ndi khosi ndipo amaloledwa kuyamwa madzi kwa mphindi 15-30. Pakadali pano, amamwa ndikutunga madzi kudzera pakhungu.
Mu malo othamangitsira, muyenera kuyika msuzi ndi madzi, koma muyenera kuyang'anira kuyera momwemo.
Akatswiri a steppe amakonda kuphwanya m'madzi akanyowa, ndipo madzi otere, akamwa, amatha kudwala. Kuphatikiza apo, amazitembenuza, ndikuzikhuthulira. Chifukwa chake ndizosavuta kuchita kusamba kwa sabata.
Kwa akamba ang'onoang'ono ndi ana amphaka, malo osambira oterowo amayenera kukhala ochulukirapo, mpaka katatu pa sabata, chifukwa amatha kuwuma kwambiri kuposa achikulire.
Zambiri zamomwe mungasambire kachilomboka molondola (Chingerezi, koma momveka bwino komanso popanda kutanthauzira):
Zodyetsa
Herbivores, ndipo ali mu ukapolo ndikofunikira kudyetsa zakudya zamasamba. Letesi, zitsamba zosiyanasiyana - dandelions, clover, coltsfoot, plantain.
Masamba ndi zipatso ziyenera kuperekedwa zochepa, pafupifupi 10%. Itha kukhala maapulo, nthochi, zipatso.
Kumene amakhala komwe kulibe zipatso zokhala ndi zipatso. Maziko ake ndi mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yamafuta owuma, m'malo mouma.
Palinso mitundu yambiri yazogulitsa yamakamba amtchire omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pakudyetsa kosiyanasiyana.
Kusiyanasiyana ndikuluzikulu yathanzi la thanzi la alubino, ndipo ndikofunikira kupereka zakudya zambiri zosiyanasiyana momwe mungathere. Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zamalonda zimabwera nthawi yomweyo ndikuphatikiza mavitamini ndi calcium.
Koma zomwe simungathe kupereka ndizomwe anthu amadya.
Eni zabwino amapatsa akambuku mkate, tchizi tchizi, nsomba, nyama, mphaka ndi galu chakudya. Izi sizingachitike! Chifukwa chake, mumamupha iye.
Akamba amadyetsedwa kamodzi patsiku, ndipo akamba akuluakulu nthawi zambiri, kamodzi pakapita masiku awiri kapena atatu.
Apilo
Mosiyana ndi akamba am'madzi, Central Asia ndi yamtendere kwambiri.
Koma, ngakhale izi, nthawi zambiri simuyenera kuzinyamula. Ngati mumangowasokoneza, amapezeka kuti ali ndi nkhawa, ndipo ana ambiri amatha kuwagwetsa kapena kuwapweteketsa.
Kupsinjika kotere kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa ntchito ndi matenda. Akamba akuluakulu amakonda kukhazikika, kuzolowera, koma muyenera kudziwa muyeso.
Simungasangalalenso ngati mumangosokonezedwa nthawi zonse. Aloleni akhale moyo wawo woyeza.
Steppe tortoise
Ufuluwu umapezeka ku Central Asia, kumwera kwa Kazakhstan, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China, Iran, Afghanistan ndi Pakistan. Sipezeka kawirikawiri mkati mwa Russia, pafupi ndi gombe lakumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Nyanja ya Caspian, kumwera kwa dera la Orenburg. Pali mafotokozedwe ake ali kumwera kwa Chelyabinsk, koma ayenera kuti adalembedwa pamenepo.
Kambuku amakhala m'migwagwa yamtsinje, m'zipululu, pamchenga ndi dongo, m'mapiri, kumapiri (mpaka 1200 metres pamwamba pa nyanja). Nthawi zina amapezeka paminda yolima ndi minda.
Steppe tortoise chakudya
Mwachilengedwe, maziko azakudya zamtundu wa ku Central Asia ndi mbewu za hermaceous. Akamba nthawi zambiri amakhutiritsa kufunika kwa chinyezi ndimakoma abwino, komabe, ngati zingatheke, amamwa madzi mofunitsitsa. Kuphatikiza pa mbewu za ephemeral, ufulu umadyanso ma gourds, mphukira za udzu osatha ndi zitsamba, zipatso ndipo nthawi zina chipatso chimagwera m'munda wa zipatso. Mwachilengedwe, mtunduwu umakhala m'malo ouma, osowa kwambiri pamasamba, kotero, zokometsera mopitirira muyeso, zakudya zotsekemera sizachilengedwe pamimba, zingayambitse kupesa m'mimba.
Kunyumba, kuukapolo, akamba amayenera kudyetsedwa zakudya zamitundu mitundu - zatsopano kapena zowuma / zowuma (nyengo yozizira), mbewu zodyedwa, nthawi zina masaladi ndi masamba kuchokera mndandanda wololedwa. Mu terarium, ndikofunikira kuti udzu wofewa uikidwe kuti upange kuchepa kwa fiber. Zakudya zosenda zitha kuikidwa m'mbale kapena m'malo ena kuti musameze nthaka, ndibwino kuti musazidyetse m'manja anu. Akamba ang'onoang'ono amadyetsedwa tsiku lililonse, okalamba - kamodzi pakatha masiku awiri (turtle za 7 cm kapena kupitilira apo muronron ayenera kudyetsedwa masiku onse atatu). Kuchuluka kwa chakudya - monga ufulu umadzaza, koma mokwanira, kuyambira pafupifupi 1/2 chipolopolo.
OSA kupereka nyama, nsomba, mkaka, buledi, tchizi choko, mazira, zakudya zina za anthu kapena galu, chakudya cha mphaka, ndikosafunikanso kupereka zipatso, chifukwa zimayambitsa kupesa ndipo sizikumbidwa bwino. Mu terarium, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi gwero la calcium (mwachitsanzo, sepia), komwe kamba amapezeka nthawi zonse, komanso ndikofunikira kupereka vitamini ndi calcium zowonjezera mu mawonekedwe a ufa kamodzi pa sabata (ZooMed, JBL, etc.).
Payenera kukhala malo osambira mu terarium, kapena kamba amayenera kusambitsidwa kangapo pa sabata ndi akamba mumtsuko wamadzi ofunda (31- 35 ° C), kutalika kwa madzi kumakhala mutu wa kamba.
Kuswana akamba aku Asia aku
Akamba akutha msamba mchaka cha 10-12 (chachikazi pambuyo pa amuna). Akapolo, akamba amakhala okhwima akafika zaka zapakati pa zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Amuna amakhala ankhanza kwambiri, kumenyana ndi omenyera komanso kumamatira akazi.
Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Juni, yaimayi imayikira mazira 1 mpaka 6 mkati mwa chipolopolo choyera chokha katatu pachaka. Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imakhala pafupi miyezi itatu. Akamba obadwa kumene omwe amakhala ndi chipolopolo chotalika 30 mpaka 40 nthawi zambiri amakhalira nthawi yozizira mobisa ndipo amawonekera pakumapeto kwa chaka chamawa.
Dothi m'chilengedwe ndi dothi loonda, lonyowa pang'ono. Zitsime zokhala ndi mulifupi mwake wa 4 mm ndi kuya kwa masentimita 0,5. Mazira a dzira - 40x57 mm, kulemera - 30g. Kutentha kwa makulitsidwe ndi 26- 34 ° C (kukwera kapena kutsika - mazira amafa). Chinyezi cha makulitsidwe ndi 60-70% (pafupifupi data). Makulidwe nthawi ndi masiku 60-80-120. Nthawi yolumikizana ndi Ogasiti - Okutobala. Mawonekedwe a akamba - 3-5cm. Nthawi zambiri akambuku amakhalabe yozizira munthaka, amabwera pamwamba kokha m'chaka chamawa. Akamba, ma yolk sac samachotsedwa pakubadwa kwawo ndipo dzino la dzira limafotokozedwa bwino.Seke yolk imachotsedwanso patatha masiku 2-2, ndipo pambuyo poti akambuku amayamba kudyetsa. Pazaka zitatu kapena zitatu, chakudya chokwanira chimawonjezedwa ku chakudya.
Pa makulidwe, osati chofungatira cha mafakitale, koma chopangidwa ndi nyumba, payenera kukhala chidebe chamadzi, ndipo kamodzi patsiku, ndikofunikira kumunyowetsa nthaka ndi syringe popanda kulowa mazira.
Chiyembekezo chotalikira kwambiri kuposa zaka 30.
Mu ufulu waku Central Asia, kugonana kumapangidwa malinga ndi kutentha (TSD). Kutentha kwambiri komwe kumalimbikitsa kwambiri kumakhala pakati pa 29 ndi 35 ° C. Kutentha pamwamba pa 32.22 ° C kumapangitsa kuti asungunuke kwambiri. Zoyenera - 31.67 C, zachikazi zimapezeka kutentha. Ngati kutentha kwa makulitsidwe kunali kokulirapo, ndiye kuti izi zitha kubweretsa kusintha kwa chipolopolo, mwachitsanzo, zishango zowonjezera. Kutentha kwa 30 ° C, amuna ndi akazi onse amapezeka popanda zopindika.
Chiwopsezo cha phokoso la pamtunda
Galasi, matabwa, pulasitiki yopanda pulasitiki kuchokera pa 60x40 masentimita kwa turtle wachichepere mpaka 1-1.5 mx 50 cm kwa munthu m'modzi kapena awiri.
Dothi: miyala yayikulu mumakona ofunda (makamaka) + yodzala pansi, kapena mchenga wamchenga (mchenga + loam), kapena thanthwe laling'ono.
Kuunikira: 40-60 W nyali ya incandescent ndi nyali ya UVB UV ya 10-12. Akamba amatha nthawi yambiri padzuwa. Mtundu wa UVI kwa iwo ndi 1.0-2.6 avareji, 2.9-7.4 upamwamba (3rd Ferguson zone). Masana maola chilimwe - maola 14, nthawi yozizira - maola 10. Kutentha kwa nyengo masana 25-30 C ndi kutentha pansi pa nyali (potentha) 35 C, ndi usiku - 20 C.
Nyali ya UV iyenera kukhala pafupifupi 25 cm kuchokera ku turtle (osatsika ndi 20, osapitirira 40). Nyali ya ultraviolet siziwotha kutentha kwa terarium, koma imapatsa turtle ndi ultraviolet yomwe amalandila m'chilengedwe mothandizidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa - Ultraviolet ndiyofunikira kuti akamba am'magulu azigwira ntchito moyenera, amamwe calcium ndikupanga vitamini D3. Nyale yotentha (incandescent) imagwira ntchito ngati magetsi otenthetsera, ndikupanga kutentha koyenerera komwe kambuku payokha ikhoza kusankha kutentha kwakukulu kwa iyo. Kutentha ndikofunikanso pamtundu wambiri chifukwa kumatha kuwotchumitsidwa ndi mphamvu zakunja kutentha kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito moyenera. Popanda kutentha, metabolism yotsika imayamba kuchepera, chakudya sichidimbidwa, koma matumbo m'mimba, mavuto am'mimba ndi otheka. Kutentha pansi pa nyali kungasinthidwe ndikusintha nyaliyo mu nyali (kuyika mphamvu zosiyana), kapena kutsitsa kapena kukweza nyali.
Kuphatikiza apo: pogona kapena nyumba, mbale yodyera, thermometer, ndikofunikanso kukhazikitsa chipinda chonyowa cha akamba ang'ono, kapena ngodya yonyowa pansi.
Akamba amakonda kubisala pansi, kukumba ndi kudzipulumutsa. Kukonzekera kulikonse komanso kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha, ngakhale mutakhala ndi zinthu zoopsa, kumatha kuyambitsa kuzizira mu nyama izi.
Corral
Ngati pali akambuku ambiri ndipo pali malo ena owonjezera kunyumba, ndiye kuti mutha kuwapangira korali pansi pomwe chipindacho. Coral iyenera kukhala ndi makhoma okwera pansi, pansi - dothi lochokera pamwamba. Nyali yotentha imayikidwa pa imodzi mwa makoma a corral. Ndikwabwino kuyika nyali ya ultraviolet kuti iwalitse corral yonse.
M'chilimwe, pobisala palibe vuto kukonza m'nyumba yazilimwe. Mu Julayi - Ogasiti, pamzere wakummwera kwa Kiev - Voronezh, mutha kusiya akamba am'makola ndipo usiku (ngati matenthedwe satsika pansi pa 20 C), ndibwino kubweretsa nyama mnyumba kumpoto kwa mzerewu usiku. Kuti musavutike kupeza turtle nthawi iliyonse, mutha kujowina baluni yaying'ono pa carapace ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono ka matepi kapena mbendera yooneka pamtengo wokwera.
Kukonzanso kwaulere mnyumba pansi osaloledwa. Pokhapokha ngati pali corral pamtunda wofunda, wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba pansi, osakonzekera, ndi nyali zofunika, kusiyana kwa kutentha ndi dothi.
Chisamaliro Cha Land Turtle
Akasamba osamba amalimbikitsidwa kamodzi pa sabata m'madzi ofunda mpaka pamutu wa kamba (2/3 ya kutalika kwa chigobacho). Malo osambiramo oterowo amabwezeretsanso mchere wamthupi la nyama, komanso kukonza matumbo. Komanso, pakusamba uku, nyama imalandira chinyezi chofunikira mthupi. Simuyenera kuwonjezera chilichonse pamadzi.
Zina Zowonjezera
Ku Uzbekistan, komwe kunayambira nkhuku zimalumikizidwa mu nthano ndi wamalonda m'modzi wachinyengo. Adalemetsa osagwa mwamanyazi kotero kuti adakwiya ndikupempha kwa Mulungu. Mulungu adakwiya, natenga mbale ziwiri zoyezera zomwe wamalonda adapachika ufa, ndikufinya nazo zachinyengozo. "Nthawi zonse udzanyamula maumboni amanyazi ako," adamaliza Allah. Pakati pamiyeso ya wamalonda, mutu wake ndi miyendo yokha ndizotsalira, ndipo adasandulika turbo.
Nthawi zambiri, kamba wa ku Central Asia kamba kansontho, kamene kamapangidwa ndi soseji zosowa, komwe kamayatsidwa mbali imodzi, monga lamulo, zimachitika ka 1-2 patsiku. Mkodzo ndiwowoneka bwino, nthawi zina umaphatikizapo kutulutsa koyera (uric acid salt). Kuchuluka kwake kumatengera kapangidwe ka chakudya.
Mu Okutobala - Novembala, akamba amapita kukabisala, komwe kumapitilira mu Marichi - kumayambiriro kwa Epulo kumakungika mpaka 2m. Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Juni, akambuku amadya ndi kubereka, pambuyo pake amapita kukazizira kwanyengo, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kutentha, chilala ndi kufa kwa masamba a ephemeral . Pakakhala mvula, hibernation ya chilimwe imatha kusintha mwachindunji kukhala yozizira.
Akamba amatha kudutsa mu ngalande mpaka 2 m kutalika ndi makamera a 0.5 m mulifupi.
Ku Central Asia, akamba amatchedwanso "tashbaka" - chule wamwala.
Habitat
Central Asia, Steppe tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii, Agrionemys horsfieldii) - theka-chipululu cha Central Asia. Imapezeka kumwera kwa Kazakhstan komanso ku India. Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan ndi mayiko komwe mutha kuwonanso zowawa. Ku Russia, ufulu wa ku Central Asia kapena steppe ndiwosowa kwambiri ndipo wawoneka pafupi ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Nyanja ya Caspian komanso kumwera kwa dera la Orenburg.
Zigwa za mitsinje, zipululu za mchenga ndi dongo ndi zipululu, ndipo ngakhale minda ndi malo olima ndiwo "nyumba" yamtunduwu. Anapezekanso kumapeto ndi kumapiri (mpaka 1200 m). Izi zikutsimikizira umboni kuti akamba am'kati mwa Asia akuyenda mozungulira bwino.
Makonzedwe a Terrarium
Payenera kukhala dothi lopangidwa ndi miyala yosalala pakona ofunda, utuchi / nkhuni zamatchi / udzu. Kudyetsa ufa ndi nyumba.
Nyali ya incandescent (40-60 W) imakhala yotentha, yopanga kutentha koyenerera komwe nyamayo imatha kusankha kutentha komwe. Kufunika kofunikira kwambiri kwa kutentha kumathandizira pakupanga njira momwe kamba amakwanira kumangoyenda chifukwa cha kutentha kwina kokha ndipo potero amaonetsetsa momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito moyenera. Pakakhala kutentha, metabolism yochepetsedwa imachepetsa kwambiri. Chakudya cham'mimba popanda kugayidwa, chomwe chingayambitse m'mimba. Ulamuliro wazotentha pakona yozizira pafupi ndi nyumbayo pafupifupi 24-26 ° С ndi 30-33 о С - pakona kotentha pansi pa nyali. Ulamuliro wa kutentha kwa nyali ungasinthidwe pakukweza kapena kutsitsa nyali, kapena kuyika nyali za incandescent zamphamvu zosiyanasiyana.
Nyali yapadera ya ultraviolet ya repitili (10% UVB) iyenera kukhala patali la 25 cm kuchokera ku chinyama (osati chapamwamba kuposa 40 osati kutsika 20). Nyali ya UV siyitentha terarium, koma imapereka turtle ndi kuwala koyenera kwa ultraviolet, komwe kumafunikira pa moyo wachilengedwe - kuyamwa kwa vitamini D3, calcium ndi zina zonse zofunika kutsata. Mwachilengedwe, ufulu umalandira ngati kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Akamba amakonda 'kufunafuna pothawirapo' podziika m'miyala. Zojambula zilizonse kapena kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha, ngakhale mu terarium, kumatha kuyambitsa kuzizira kwa nyama.
Turtle Corral
Zimachitika mu umodzi mwamakona amchipindacho. Nyali yotenthetsera imakhala pafupi ndi imodzi mwa makoma a corral. Kamba imatha kusankha kutentha komwe kumafunikira pakadali pano. M'chilimwe, paddock siyabwino kuti akonzekere kanyumba kamadzilimwe. Kuti musavutike kupeza turbo "yobisika", mutha kukonza baluni yokhala ndi tepi ya scotch pa carapace kapena mbendera yooneka pamtengo wokulirapo. Ngati nyengo yotentha ilola, ndiye kuti mutha kusiyira turtle mu cholembera ndi usiku wonse.
Zolemba zaulele pansi pansi m'nyumba saloledwa! Kusintha kwake kumachitika ngati ma corral ali pamtunda wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba ndi dothi, popanda kukonzekera ndi kusintha kwa kutentha, ndi kukhalapo kwa nyali zofunikira.
Chisamaliro: Ndikofunika kusamba akamba mumadzi wamba ofunda kamodzi pakadutsa masabata awiri. Kutentha kwamadzi ndi 31-35 ° С. Kutalika - mpaka pamlingo wamutu wa kamba (2/3 kutalika kwa chipolopolo). Kusamba koteroko kumabwezeretsanso mchere wamchere komanso chinyontho m'thupi la chimbalangondo, kumatulutsa matumbo. Palibe zowonjezera zamadzi zofunika.
Kusangalatsidwa ndi akamba
Mitundu ya turtle Central Asia steppe yalembedwa mu International Red Book.
Nthano ya ku Uzbek imanena monyinyirika za chiyambi / mtundu wa kamba. Wogulitsa wina wankhanza kwambiri komanso wosalemekeza makasitomala ake kotero, pamapeto pake, anthu adakwiya pakuyitana kwa Allah. Allah, mokwiya, adatenga miyeso ya wamalondayo ndikufinya nawo wachinyengo uja: "Nthawi zonse mudzakhala ndiumboni wachinyengo wanu." Chifukwa chake mutu ndi miyendoyo zinangotsamira m'mbale zolemerazo, ndikusintha wamalondayo kukhala kamba.
Kutentha, kamba'yo amabisala, osakumba pansi kwambiri. M'dzinja, kuya kwake ndi 1 m.
Akamba amatha kuthyoka m'ngalande mpaka ma 2 metres ndi makamera mpaka theka la mita mulifupi.
Chigoba ndi mafupa osweka a msana ndi nthiti, monganso anthu sangathe "kukwiririka" m'mafupa awo, motero ufulu sutha kudzipulumutsa ku chigobacho.
Kutulutsa kwa ufulu waku Central Asia ndi kofiirira ngati ma soseji oblong ndipo kumatha kuwonekera 1-2 patsiku. Kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumatengera kapangidwe ka chakudya. Chimawoneka chowoneka bwino, nthawi zina chimakhala ndi zotumphukira zoyera zamchere zamchere.
Zambiri Zofalitsa
Kuti agalu ogwidwa azikwanira, muyenera kukhala ndi zaka zofanana komanso kukula kwake. Zachikazi zimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi utoto wapulasitiki mchira, ndipo mchira wamphongo umakhala wokulirapo komanso wautali.
Akamba amasamba, nthawi yakukhwima imayamba muFebruary (atachoka hibernation) ndipo imatha mpaka mu Ogasiti. Yaikaziyo imanyamula mazira kwa miyezi ingapo, kenako kuyiyika. Mazira amatha kuyambira 2 mpaka 6. Kenako, makulitsidwewo amatha kwa miyezi iwiri, pomwe matenthedwe ayenera kukhala a 28 C. Kukula kwa akamba am'madzi ndi 2,5 cm.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti akazi nthawi zambiri amabadwa obiriwira, ndipo amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala pamatenthedwe.
Matenda ndi Kuteteza
Ziwetozo ziyenera kufufuzidwa ndi veterinarian pofuna kupewa. Nthawi zambiri, mkodzo ndi ndowe zomwe zimakhala ndi mabakiteriya ambiri. Panyumba, akamba amatha kudwala ngati ukhondo wa terrarium sutsatiridwa.
Malamulowa ayenera kutsatiridwa:
- Tsiku lililonse, sinthani madzi - onse mukumwa ndikusamba.
- Nthawi zonse tengani mankhwala okhala mumakina onse.
- Onani ngati zofunda ndi zaukhondo ndi zowuma, ngati zingafunike, zisinthe.
Monga zinthu zonse zamoyo, kamba amatha kudwala. Matenda owopsa komanso odziwika kwambiri a chiweto ndi awa:
- Chimfine, chomwe chimatsatana ndi kukana kudya, kuchepa kwa chilakolako chofuna kudya, kupuma kosasinthika, kutulutsa mphuno kuchokera pamphuno.
- Kufalikira kwa rectum.
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, kamba akaonda kwambiri, amakhala wopanda chidwi.
- Kutsekula m'mimba chifukwa cha kudya koperewera. Mafuta ali ndi fungo losasangalatsa komanso losasangalatsa.
- Bowel zotchinga. Zimachitika ndi hypothermia ndi kugwiritsa ntchito china chosatheka, mwachitsanzo, mchenga.
- Kufa ziwalo kumbuyo kwa kuwonongeka kwa chapakati mantha dongosolo, poyizoni, matenda.
- Poizoni. Amadziwika ndi kusanza kwakukuru ndikusunthika pakuyenda.
Mu kanemayi muphunzira zambiri za ufulu waku Central Asia:
Ming'alu kapena zipolopolo zosweka ndizowopsa kwambiri kuzitulutsa. Amatha kutha kugwa kapena kuchokera pakuluma, mwachitsanzo, galu. Njira yochiritsira imadalira kuuma kwazovulala. Gawo lowonongeka la chipolopolo liyenera kutetezedwa ndi kusindikizidwa kuti mabakiteriya asafikeko. Kuonjezera kwa calcium kumathandizira kuchira.
Ngati kamba kali ndi herpes, ayenera kuperekedwa mwachidwi. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amabweretsa chimfine.
Ngati mukufunabe kukhala ndi chiweto chotere, ndibwino kuti muchite izi m'magulu odziwitsa kapena malo ogulitsa ziweto. Ndikwabwino kusagula nyama zomwe zinagwidwa munyama ndi kubweretsedwa mdziko mosaloledwa. Nthawi zambiri, anthu oterewa amadwala.
Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani amachita phokoso ku Central Asia?
Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri ngati makolo sakayikira kuti mwana wawo athe kusamalira ziweto zomwe akuzifuna kwambiri, koma angafune kuwapatsa mwayi woti adziyesere ngati achichepere.
Kusunga nyama ndikuzisamalira ndikofunika kwambiri kwa ana: mwana amakula, amalandiridwa.
Kamba ndi khanda
Ana ali ndi chidwi kwambiri pothana ndi phokoso, kuti azikudalira komanso kuwakonda. Woyeserera amatha kuzindikira anthu am'banja ndikusankha omwe amawakonda pakati pawo. Kukonda chikondi, kumuloleza kumenya. Kusuntha kwake mosamalitsa kumachepetsa mphamvu yamanjongo ndikusangalatsa.
Khalidwe la kamba kwa anthu
Turtle imatha kukhala m'manja. Amayankhulana ndi munthu mothandizidwa ndi mayendedwe a thupi:
- Akufunsa chakudya, akugwedeza mutu kapena kukweza m'maso,
- Akukuta miyendo yake, nafuna kuti amasulidwe.
Popita nthawi, mwini wake ndi chiweto chimamvetsetsa bwino wina ndi mnzake popanda mawu. Chinyama chimatha kutambasulira mutu, kupatsa moni kwa mnzake, kutsatira zomwe amakonda pafupi ndi nyumba kapena nyumba.
Turtle ikhoza kudulidwa
M'miyezi yotentha (pamatenthedwe pamwamba 20 ˚˚) mutha kuyenda ndi akamba mumsewu. Ndizosangalatsa kuwona momwe adayamba kubudula udzu mosangalatsa.
Kuyenda nyengo yachilimwe
Ndipo kenako nyama yomwe yazolowera ikhoza kukudabwitsani ndi chidwi komanso chidwi chake.
Malo achilengedwe
Kuthengo, ndimtundu womwe uli pangozi. Midzi kumpoto kwa India, Pakistan, Iran, imapezeka kudera lochokera ku Afghanistan kupita ku Kazakhstan.
Sungani zachilengedwe
Imakonda zipululu ndi theka-zipululu, koma imakonda kugona m'madzi osaya a mitsinje ndi nyanja. Amadyetsa zakudya zam'mapiri komanso zipatso.
Hibernates isanachitike chilala kumayambiriro kwa June (atagona mazira) komanso nthawi yozizira. Nthawi imeneyi imakhala yakuzama kwambiri mpaka mamita 2. Imagwira kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yotentha. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 30 mpaka 40, pomwe nthawi zonse zimakula.
Zoyenera kumangidwa, kutentha
Fulu wa ku Central Asia, monga mtundu wina uliwonse, amaopa kusodza. Amasungidwa m'malo owerengeka.
Nyumba zabwino kwa kamba
Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito nyali ya incandescent ndi nyali ya ultraviolet (yochokera pa 4 W pa lita imodzi ya terarium) pakuwunikira ndi kutentha.
Zinyalala zazikulu ndi utuchi zimathiridwa pansi. Zinthu zazing'ono ndi miyala siziyenera kuloledwa kulowa mu terarium - zimeza. Mukufuna nyumba yopanda ngodya zakuthwa (zogulitsidwa m'masitolo azinyama). Mutha kupita kukayenda m'malo otentha pansi pa maso.
Ndikofunika kukhalabe ndi boma losasintha kutentha: 25-28˚С. Izi zimathandiza kupewa hibernation kunyumba. Kupanda kutero, veterinarian ayenera kufunsidwa asanachitike kapena atabisala.
Kudyetsa ziweto
Amadyetsedwa nthawi imodzi m'masiku atatu nthawi imodzi ndi chakudya chomera (90%) ndi zochokera nyama. Monga chakudya chachikulu, akamba amapatsidwa chisakanizo chatsopano ndi zosakaniza zotsatirazi (osati zonse nthawi imodzi):
- Kaloti ndi nsonga, dzungu, zukini, tsabola wa belu, biringanya,
- Letesi, artichoke, chives,
- Maapulo osawidwa, zipatso zamtchire,
- Dandelion, nkhuyu, clover, aloe, Kalanchoe, echinacea.
M'nyengo yozizira, udzu wodyetsedwa.
Simungapereke chakudya chamtundu umodzi wambiri, ndibwino kuti mupereke ziwonetserozo motere!
- Mphutsi zamwazi,
- Magulu a nsomba
- Zakudya zouma za Vitamini
- Banana, lalanje, mandarin, vwende, mango, zipatso zilizonse zosafotokozedwa,
- Mavwende, sitiroberi, mabulosi abulu, rasipiberi,
- Nyanja ndi kabichi wamba, nkhaka, phwetekere,
- Parsley, udzu winawake, bowa, chomera,
- Mbeu zatsopano za mpendadzuwa, nyemba zophukira kapena barele, yisiti youma.
Chakudya cholimba ndichofunikira pakupera mlomo: nthambi za mitengo yazipatso, msondodzi, birch.
- Amatcheri, mbatata, adyo, zonunkhira, anyezi, sipinachi,
- Zigoba, mazira, ziwala, dzombe, maphemwe, tizilombo tambiri touluka,
- Nyama.
Achichepere amapatsidwa zakudya zam'mera zokha, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera kwamankhwala.
Zosamalidwa
Ufulu waku Central Asia kunyumba sukumata kwathunthu ndi milomo yake, kotero, amafupikitsidwa ndi 2-3 mm. Chofunikira: mutadula, mulomo uyenera kutsekedwa kwathunthu.
Kusamba kamba kodziwika ku Central Asia
1-2 kamodzi pa sabata, kamba amapukutidwa. Chokwiracho chimayikidwa mchidebe chokhala ndi mbali zokulirapo ndikudzazidwa ndi msuzi wa chamomile kapena madzi. Madzimadzi ayenera kuphimba mchira, koma osafika pamphuno. Pasanathe theka la ola, kambuku amamwa madzi ndi khungu ndi cesspool, amatulutsa matumbo. Njira yofunikayi iyenera kuchitika pa kutentha kwa madzi pafupifupi 30 ° C. Mukatha kusambira, pukuta ndi kupukuta ndi kuyika pansi pa nyali.
Kuyenda pafupipafupi pabwalo ndikofunikira pa thanzi la kamba. Koma simungathe kuzisiyira zopanda chidwi kapena pafupi ndi zomera zapoizoni. Nyama iyenera kubisala mumthunzi kuchokera ku dzuwa lotentha.
Kudziwitsa za kugonana kwa kamba
Akazi ndi okulirapo, koma amakhala ndi mchira waifupi.
Mwamuna ndi mkazi
Komanso, mwa akazi, cesspool amafanana ndi asterisk, ndipo mwaimuna imawoneka ngati mzere. Kwa amuna, mchirawo ndiwotalika pansipa komanso wautali.
Mutha kugula akambuku okongola kapena chiweto chimodzi pamalo ogulitsa ziweto. Mwa mtundu uwu wa ziweto, kusaka ana apadera sikofunikira.
Ndipo kumbukirani - tili ndi udindo chifukwa cha iwo amene achotsa!
Phata la ufulu waku Central Asia
Ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zikufunika ku ufulu waku Central Asia kotero kuti imamveka ngati mfulu. Steppe imabwereza kukonda kukumba. Mu chotengera pakona, kutsanulira danga lapansi ndi coconut. Mchenga sugwiritsidwa ntchito, chifuni chachikulu cha ku Central Asia chimatha kumeza ndi kuphimba mkati mwake. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa, wosanjikiza ndi 10-15 masentimita kuti chinyamacho chizikumbamo. M'nyumba ya kamba pakona kotentha, thirani miyala, ikani miyala yosalala. Amathandizira zokwawa kupera kugaya. Kuphatikiza apo, akambuku amakonda kukwera miyala ndi kuyaluka pansi pa babu.
Nyali ya ufulu waku Central Asia
Kuphatikiza pa kuwotcha, ufulu wa ku Asia Central umafunikira nyumba ya UV kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, mababu 10% a UVB apangidwe, samatulutsa kutentha mu terarium, koma amapereka ma ultraviolet. Misewu ya UV ndiyofunikira popanga vitamini D3 komanso kuyamwa kwa calcium ndi thupi, pomwe kuuma kwazonenako kumadalira. Nyali imayikidwa pamlingo pafupifupi masentimita 25. Nthawi yovomerezeka yogwira ntchito ndi maola 5 mpaka 12 patsiku.
Kusamalira ufulu waku Central Asia kunyumba
Kuti asunge madzi oyenera, turtle waku Central Asia steppe amayenera kusamba kamodzi pa sabata. Kuti muchite izi, dzazani kusamba ndi madzi ofunda 25 ° C kufika pamlingo wa 5-7 masentimita, basi m'khosi. Kamba kamamizidwa mmenemo kwa mphindi 15-30, panthawiyo imamwa ndikutenga chinyezi kudzera pakhungu. Mchitidwewu umabwezeretsanso mchere wamchere wamthupi, umapangitsa ntchito yamatumbo. Kusamba, zolembera zoyambilira zoyambilira, kenako zimazizira bwino, kumwa madzi, zonyansa. Kenako munthu amasambitsidwa, amafunika kuchotsedwa pomwe iye mwini akufuna kuti atuluke.
Nthawi zina ufulu amafunsira hibernation - amakana chakudya, amakhala waulesi. Mchitidwewo umamuvulaza, chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa kutentha ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Fulu wapakati ku Asia yemwe amakhala muukapolo sayenera kuzizwitsa, mwinanso amatha kudwala. Popewa kuzizira, muyenera kuwonjezera kutentha mu terarium, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kusamba.
Ufulu wapakati ku Asia - kuswana kwa ukapolo
Ufulu waku Central Asia, kukonza ndi kusamalira komwe kumachitika kunyumba, kumafika pakukhwima pakugonana pazaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Pofuna kubereketsa, muyenera osachepera awiri - amuna ndi akazi. Munthu wokwatirana, kuyambira mu February, nthawi yayitali ndi miyezi iwiri. Kenako, mu Epulo-Julayi, mkaziyo amawikira mazira 2-6 panthaka lonyowa. Nyengo, amatha kuchita ndodo 2-3 mumabowo.
Makulitsidwe azikhala masiku 60-65, amasenda masentimita atatu kukula kwake mu August-Okutobala. Nthawi zina amakhalabe nthawi yozizira m'nthaka, kumangoyala m'ngululu. Pobadwa, phula la yolk limawonekera m'makamba, limakokedwa mkati mwa masiku 2-4, kenako ana atayamba kudya. Muyenera kuwadyetsa zakudya zamafuta othimbirira, kusamba tsiku lililonse, mu miyezi iwiri iwiri mutha kuwasamutsa ku chakudya choyenera.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji mtundu wa ufulu waku Central Asia?
Amuna achikulire ndi ochepa kuposa akazi, woyamba ndi 1320 cm kukula, wachiwiri ndi masentimita 20 mpaka 23. Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa mnyamata ndi mtsikana kunja, kusiyana pakati pawo kumatha kuzindikirika pokhapokha ngati ali ndi zaka 2-5 wazaka lalifupi ndi masentimita 9-11. Kodi munthu angadziwe bwanji zogonana? mafinya aku Central Asia:
- Mwa amuna, mchirawo ndi wautali komanso wotambalala pansi. Chovala chikuwoneka papulatoni pafupi ndi pansi. Cesspool ili pansi mchira wake wina.
- Mwa akazi, pulasitala ndi lathyathyathya, mchirawo ndi wamfupi, popanda kukula chifukwa cha kuyika kwa oviduct. Cloac ikuwoneka kumapeto kwa carapace.
Matenda a nkhanu zaku Central Asia
M'malo abwino, zobwezeretsa zimakhala kwazaka zambiri, koma zimathanso kukhala zikutsekereza. Ufulu wapakati ku Asia - matenda omwe angathe:
- Matikiti. Munthuyo amafewetsa ndi kuvundukula chophimba ndi mafupa, mafupawo amachitika. Vutoli ndikusowa kwa vitamini D3 ndi calcium, kuyatsa kosakwanira. Zowonjezera zamagetsi ziyenera kuyambitsidwa muzakudya zam'madzi, kuonjezera nthawi ya masana pansi pa nyali ya UV, ndikuyika dzuwa. Ndikofunikira kudula calcium calcium pansi pa khungu.
- Zofoka. Cholinga chake ndikuvulala ndi kulumidwa ndi tizilombo, owonetsedwa ndi edema, ma abscesses, minofu necrosis. Malo achimasamba amatsegulidwa ndi veterinarian, wotsukidwa ndi hydrogen peroxide, wothira mafuta ndi antiseptic trypsin, maantibayotiki angafunike.
- Mafangayi. Madontho oyera ndi kunyezimira zimawonekera pa chipolopolo. Madera okhudzidwa amapaka mafuta opaka ndi antifungal.
- Chibayo. Zimachitika chifukwa cha kukonzekera, kuyenda pansi kozizira. Kupuma movutikira kumapezeka m'mimba, m'matumbo amkamwa, ndipo madzi amkamwa amatuluka kuchokera pamphuno. Njira ya maantibayotiki ndiyofunika masiku 5 (amikacin 5 mg, baytril 5 mg pa kilogalamu ya thupi).
- Rhinitis, sinusitis. Kutulutsa kwamphuno kumawonekera kuchokera pamphuno, munthuyo amachita zinthu moseketsa. Sungani kutentha petulo, muzimutsuka m'madzimo ndi syringe, mchere wamchere.
- Conjunctivitis. Kutupa ndi kufupika kwa matope amadziwika, matenda amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a streptococcal. Njira ya mankhwalawa imaphatikizapo mafuta odzola (tetracycline), maantibayotiki.
Habitat
Ufulu wapakati pa Asia Asia umapezeka kwambiri ku Central Asia. Malo omwe amakhala ndi masitepe ochokera ku China kupita ku Uzbekistan. Mutha kukumana ndi ana awa kumapiri kumapiri pafupi ndi dziwe labwino kwambiri. Ngakhale dothi lamchenga nthawi zambiri limakhala nyumba za nyama izi.
Akamba amakhala m'makumba oyima okha, koma pakhala zochitika zokhala malo omwe kale anthu amakhala. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika nyengo yamvumbi, nyama ikalephera kukumba payekha, izi zimapangitsa kuti kamba kuyang'ana pobisalira munthu wina kale. Ufulu waku Central Asia walembedwa mu Red Book ngati mtundu womwe uli pangozi.
Mawonekedwe
Fizi wa steppe ali ndi mawonekedwe ochepa, ozungulirazungulira, okhala ndi chikaso chofiirira ndipo pamakhala malo osawoneka bwino akuda. Carapax idagawika m'miyeso khumi ndi itatu ya mtundu wa lipenga ndi ma grooves, ndipo ili ndi zovuta khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Mbali ya carapace imayimiridwa ndi zikopa 25.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kudziwa zaka za ufulu waku Central Asia ndikosavuta. Monga kuchuluka kwa mphete zapachaka pamtengo wodulidwa, zishango zilizonse khumi ndi zitatu zomwe zili pamapangidwe amkati zokhala ndi ma sapoti, zomwe zimafanana ndi msinkhu wa kamba.
Kutalika kwa kambawi wamkulu samakonda kupitirira mita. Akazi okhwima mwakugonana, monga lamulo, ndiwofunika kwambiri kuposa amuna achikulire. Miyendo yakutsogolo ya ufulu waku Central Asia imadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa zala zinai. Kumbali yachikazi kumbuyo kwa miyendo yakumbuyo pali ma tubercles a nyanga. Akazi amakhala okhwima akafika zaka khumi, ndipo amuna amakhala okonzeka kubereka zaka zinayi m'mbuyomu.
Makhalidwe ndi machitidwe
Akamba aku Central Asia m'malo awo achilengedwe nthawi zambiri amakhala obisala kawiri pachaka - nthawi yozizira komanso yotentha. Asanadzigwetse, kambuku amakumba yekha dzenje, lakuya lomwe lingafike mamita awiri. Ali mu ukapolo, zoterezi sizingachitike mobisalira.
Akamba ndi amtundu wa zokwawa zomwe zimakhala zayekha, chifukwa chake, amatha kuyang'ana gulu lawo lamtunduwu pakukhwima kapena nthawi yachisanu. Mwachilengedwe, mwezi wa March kapena Epulo, akamba amtchire amatuluka kwambiri mdziko, kenako amayamba kukhwima.
Utali wamoyo
Fulu la ku Central Asia ndi amodzi mwa nyama zotchuka kwambiri mdziko lathu, akukhala zachilengedwe ndi zaka pafupifupi theka la zaka. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zamtunduwu ndikusungidwa kwazomwe zikukula m'moyo wonse. Kutengera mikhalidwe yakumangidwa, mavuto azaumoyo ndi osowa kwambiri.
Kusamalira chilimwe
Fuluu waku Central Asia amatetezedwa bwino ndi chipolopolo ku nyengo, chifukwa chake, ngati mungakhale ndi mwayi wopanga chowongolera m'nyumba yanyumba yotentha, iyi ndi malo abwino kwambiri osungira chiweto chanu. Kambuku angasangalale kukumba dziko lapansi m'khola lomwe adalipidwa, ndikusuntha ndi liwiro losaganizira kudzera m'malo omwe adapatsidwa.
Khokalo lisakhale losachepera 1.5x1.5 mita kukula, kumbukirani - malo ochulukirapo, chiweto chanu chidzakhala chosangalala kwambiri. Kuchita mopitilira muyeso, sizoyenera, koma m'malo ochepa, malo ochuluka momwe angathere asungidwe kwa avi. Khomalo liyenera kuzunguliridwa ndi mpanda, zonse zakuya komanso kutalika kwa mpanda ayenera kukhala osachepera 30 cm.
Kumbukirani! Chiweto chanu chimafuna kukumba pansi, ndikuzama mpandawo pansi ndi masentimita 30 kuti turtle isathawe.
Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi madzi mu aviary.
Malinga ndikuwona kwa obereketsa, malo omwe amakonda kukumba mu akamba amapezeka m'makona a aviary. Chifukwa chake, chingakhale chofunikira kuyika mabwalala akulu mumakona, izi zidzatetezanso chiweto chanu kuti chithawe mwadala.
Kukumba kumayamba kugwira ntchito usiku ukayamba kuzizira. Akamba amayesera kubisala kuzizira pansi panthaka ndikuyamba kukumba malo awo okhala. Mutha kupewa izi pokumba nyumba ya chiweto chanu chisanachitike.
Popeza kuti ufulu wa ku Central Asia ndi nyama zambiri, zimakhala zosavuta kuzisamalira kuposa akambuku. Mutha kupita nanu paulendo m'bokosi kapena chidebe chapadera. Komanso akamba oterewa ndiosankha kwambiri pankhani ya chakudya.
Makonzedwe amalo
Nyamayi ndiyoyenera galasi lalikulu, matabwa kapena pulasitiki, momwe mungayende momasuka. Kukula kwa malo ochitirako malo ndi pafupifupi theka la mita m'litali ndi theka la mita m'lifupi, mwina yokulirapo. Pansi pake amaphimbidwa ndi timiyala tating'ono kapena dothi lapadera lotetezedwa (limakhala ndi dongo lolimba ndi mchenga wowuma ndi miyala yaying'ono), yomwe ingagulidwe ku malo ogulitsa ziweto.
Chiwopsezo cha phokoso la pamtunda
Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuyala pansi ndi utuchi wowuma, udzu ndi slivers. Mu terrarium, muyenera kuyika nyumba, nyali ya ultraviolet, nyali incandescent, wodyetsa, thermometer. Nyali ya ultraviolet imapereka kuunikira komwe amalandila m'chilengedwe kuchokera ku dzuwa.
Amalandira calcium ndi vitamini D kuchokera ku nyali ya UV.
Ikani pamalo okula 30 cm kuchokera ku nyama.
Nyali yayikulu ya incandescent ndiyo gwero lalikulu la kutentha mu terarium. Chifukwa chosachepera kutentha, nyamayo imatha kukumana ndi mavuto am'mimba, chakudya mkati mwake chizivunda ndipo chiweto chitha kudwala. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa 25-30 ° C.
Kutentha kumatha kusinthidwa ndikusintha ma bulb (kuchokera mwamphamvu kwambiri mpaka kufowoka komanso mosemphanitsa).
M'pofunikanso kupewetsa kukonzekera, chifukwa zokwawa mosazolowera kuziziritsa kumadwala.
Sitha kusungidwa pansi popanda corral kapena aviary, izi ndizosayenera kwambiri chifukwa cha thanzi lake
Zakudya & Kudyetsa
Central Asia iyenera kudyetsedwa zakudya zamitundu mitundu. Zitsamba zatsopano kapena zouma.
Kukhazikitsa chakudya pansi sikofunikira - gwiritsani ntchito feeder
- Dandelion.
- Zomera.
- Burdock.
- Rhubarb.
- Chamomile.
- Clover.
- Sorelo.
- Timoteo udzu.
- Oregano.
- Aloe.
- Chithawi.
- Petunia.
Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kupatsa ziweto zanu zamera tirigu, barele, mapira, nandolo, chimanga, mpendadzuwa. Mutha kupatsa nyama ndi nthambi za mitengo ya zipatso: mapeyala, yamatcheri, mitengo ya maapo. Komanso, zokwawa sizisiya msipu.
Zakudya za Vitamini, zoperekedwa m'mitundu yambiri yazogulitsa nyama, ndizoyeneranso. Koma ndibwino osazunza.
Ndikokwanira kudyetsa chiweto chanu ndi mavitamini ovuta kamodzi pa sabata. Kodi ndi zakudya zamtundu wanji zomwe sizoyenera kudyetsa?
Chakudya chamunthu aliyense:
- Nyama.
- Nsomba.
- Zinthu zamkaka.
- Zakudya zam'nyanja.
- Mkate.
- Mazira.
- Chakudya chomwe chimapangidwira ziweto zina (amphaka, agalu, zophika).
Akamba ang'ono amafunika kudyetsedwa tsiku lililonse.
Akamba achikulire amadya kamodzi masiku awiri kapena atatu.
Kusamba
Kusamba zodzikongoletsera kuyenera kuchitidwa kamodzi pa sabata. Madzi ayenera kukhala otentha, koma osatentha, pafupifupi 30 - 40 ° C. Simufunikanso kupukuta kabatchiyo ndi burashi, chifukwa izi zitha kuvulaza matenga a lipenga kapenanso kuwongolera kabati. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito sopo pakusamba chiweto, ndiye kuti chikuyenera kukhala choperewera.
Musanayambe kusamba, samalani ndi beseni ndi burashi, chinkhupule chofowoka, kapena nsanza.
Apanso, musagwiritse ntchito molakwika - kawiri pamwezi ndizokwanira.
Njira zoyendetsera madzi sizikhala kuposa mphindi 30 mpaka 35.
Mukasamba, pukuta chiweto chanu ndi thaulo lowuma kapena nsalu yofewa. M'pofunika kudziwa kuti pamene akusambira, chiweto chimabwezeretsanso madzi ake amchere.
Ndemanga za eni
Ngakhale kuti maselo aubongo sanakule bwino, munthawi yoyesa nzeru, akamba am'munda anawonetsa zotsatira zabwino. Monga momwe amasonyezera, ufulu wa ku Central Asia ndiwosavuta kuphunzira ndipo umatha kupeza njira yochokeranso pamazovuta, komanso umapeza malo oti uzitenthe ndi kuzidyetsa. Motere, kamba wa pamtunda ndiwanzeru kwambiri kuposa njoka zonse ndi abuluzi.
Mikhalidwe yosungira ziphokoso za ku Central Asia ndizosavuta, kotero chiweto chotere chimakhala chokwanira ngakhale kwa ana. Zamoyo zamtunduwu zimakonda kudziyika pansi, motero muyenera kupereka malo okwanira mu terrarium kapena aquarium. Mchenga, peat kapena coconut ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinyalala zapansi.
Monga momwe amasonyezera, kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga wopanda mitsinje ngati zofunda sikofunikira. Ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito pazosakanikirana zapadera, zoyimiriridwa ndi mchenga ndi tchipisi kapena peat.
Mkati mwa bwalo lamiyala, miyala ikuluikulu komanso yosalala ikuwoneka yoyambirira kwambiri, yomwe imathandiza kwambiri ufulu wa ku Central Asia kudula zopindika zawo ndipo ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo oyera popereka chakudya. Kutsatira dongosolo lokonzalo kumathandizira kuti chiweto chachilendo chizikhala zaka zambiri.
Kuyanjana ndi ziweto zina
Mutha kuyambitsa ku Central Asia, ngati muli ndi amphaka ndi agalu m'nyumba yanu. Nthawi zambiri amakhala bwino. Galu, monga lamulo, limaputa osadziwika kwa iwo, ndikuzindikira kuti cholengedwa sichingawakonde, chingozisiya chokha.
Amphaka, monga lamulo, alibe chidwi nawo, koma nthawi zina amawopa.
Magulu amtundu wosiyanasiyana amayenera kusungidwa m'm zolembera zosiyanasiyana.
Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kamba'yu ndi chiweto chomwe sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera kuchokera kwa eni ake, chifukwa chake chisankha chabwino kwambiri kwa chiweto choyamba kwa mwana wanu.
Kamba wamkati mwa Asia ndiwosangalatsa, ngakhale si woweta.
Komanso, nyama yabwinoyi imakhala yabwino kwa anthu otanganidwa omwe akufuna chiweto. Koma alibe nthawi yokwanira kusamalira nyamayo. Zomwe zimafunikira chisamaliro chochulukirapo.
Chakudya ndi zakumwa
Kusamalidwa mozama kwa ufulu wa ku Central Asia kumatanthauza kudya kwake koyenera. Kutengera kwake kumadalira msinkhu wa nyama yanu. Mwachitsanzo, ana ayenera kudyetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Akuluakulu (kutalika> masentimita 10) - katatu pa sabata. Kukula kwa gawo kuli kofanana ndi theka kukula kwa chigobacho. Ndikofunikanso kuthira chakudya mwachindunji kudyetsa kuti chinyama chisazime dothi.
Kudyetsa munthu waku Asia kuyenera kukhala kosiyanasiyana. Gawo lalikulu la zakudya limatengera zakudya zamasamba ndi masamba. Pafupifupi 15% ndi masamba. Pafupifupi 5% yazakudya ndi zipatso. Sizoletsedwa kudyetsa akamba nyama ndi mkaka, nsomba, mkate, mazira.
Kudyetsa ndi kusamalira kamba kanthaka nthawi yozizira kudzakhala kosiyana: 75% ya zakudya zake zizikhala zosenda, udzu ndipo zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
Komanso akamba am'madzi amafunika kulemeretsa thupi ndi mavitamini ndi mchere. Pokhala ndi chakudya chamagulu, chimbiricho chimalandira zinthu zonse zomwe zimafunikira kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe, koma nthawi zina mungafunike kugula vitamini. Iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa mosamala ndi malangizowo, apo ayi pali ngozi ya hypervitaminosis.
Eni ake ambiri ku Asia ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe zakumwa zakumwa izi zimachitikira. Ambiri mwa omwe alibe nzeru amaika zakumwa zapadera m'masitima, ndipo chiweto chimakana kumwa nawo.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti mtundu wamtunduwu wa zirala umalandira chofunikira chinyezi kuchokera ku chakudya ndi madzi. Akamba amtunda amakonda chakudya chokoma ndi zakudya zam'mera: makamaka, motero, amabwezeretsanso nkhokwe zachilengedwe.
Koma, kuwonjezera apo, chiweto chanu chimatha kubwezeretsa zinthu zam'madzi mothandizidwa ndi malo osambira. Njira zamadzi ndizothandizanso poyerekeza ndi zaukhondo, akatswiri ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti azichita kangati pa sabata kwa mphindi 40. Chifukwa chake, mumaphatikiza kusamalira kamba wa ku Asia ndi kuthirira nthawi yomweyo.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuthira madzi ambiri muchidebe chaching'ono kuti chimakwirira pafupifupi 70% kutalika kwa turtle wanu. Ndikofunikira kutentha madzi mpaka 32 ℃. Ngati reptile ikayamba kusokonekera mukusamba, musadabwe - izi ndizomwe zimapanga thupi. Ingosintha madzi.
Mukasunga akamba am'nyanja aku Asia, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatiridwa:
- Malo ochitira masewerowa amayenera kukhala ndi dothi lokhala ndi miyala yayikulu yayikulu, tchipisi tamatabwa, udzu kapena utuchi.
- Malo ochitira masewerowa amayenera kukhala ndi nyumba komanso ufa wowadyetsera.
- Mukakonza malo opangira malo olimbitsa thupi, ndikofunikira kuti mugwire nyali yayikulu ndi mphamvu ya ma watts makumi anayi ndi makumi asanu ndi limodzi kuti isungidwe. Gwero lowunikira lofunikira kwambiri ufulu waku Central Asia, chifukwa kutentha kumathandizira pakupanga njira zachilengedwe mthupi la nyama. Pakakhala kuti kunja kwayamba kutentha nyama, kagayidwe kake kamakulirakulira, chakudya chimayamba kuvunda m'mimba, pambuyo pake chimbudzi chikhoza kukhala ndi mavuto am'mimba. Kutentha m'nyumba yotsekera kuyenera kukhala kuchokera madigiri makumi awiri ndi anayi mpaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi mu ngodya yozizira, ndi kotentha (pansi pa nyali) - kuchokera makumi atatu mpaka makumi atatu ndi atatu.
- Hypothermia iliyonse yoyambitsidwa ndi kuziziritsa mu terrarium imatha kuyambitsa kuzizira m'malo oyamba.
- Kuti turtle itenge bwino mavitamini, calcium ndi kutsata zinthu zofunika pa moyo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nyali yapadera ya ultraviolet ikayikidwe pamwamba pa terarium, yomwe imayenera kukhala patali masentimita makumi awiri ndi asanu kuchokera pa kamba.
- M'modzi mwa zipinda zaulere za zipinda zomwe mumapezeka akamba, corral yapadera iyenera kupezeka. Izi ndichifukwa choti akamba akambali amakonda kupeza pobisalira ndipo kuti chonde chizimva bwino, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika nyali yotenthetsera pafupi ndi khoma la cholembera chotere.
- Kusungitsa phokoso ku Central Asia pansi ndizoletsedwa. Izi zimaloledwa pokhapokha ngati cholembera chomangiririka chikhale pamalo otentha, popanda dontho la kutentha komanso popanda kukonzanso pang'ono.
- Kusamba reptile ndikofunikira m'madzi ofunda kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri. Kutentha kwakulimbikitsidwa ndikuchokera madigiri makumi atatu ndi atatu, ndipo kutalika kwamadzi kumafika pamlingo wamalo wanyamayo (pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu a kutalika kwa chigombacho).
Adani akuluakulu
Koma zochita za anthu odana ndi nyama zovulaza izi zakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa akambuku. Ku Turkmenistan, pakati pa gawo lina la anthu, amakhulupirira kuti turtle ndiye nyama yowola kwambiri. Chikhulupiriro ichi chinali limodzi ndi choletsa kukhudza kamba. Masiku ano zimaphatikizidwa ndi nkhanza za achinyamata omwe akuwononga zolengedwa zapang'onopang'ono. Ku Uzbekistan, komwe kunayambira nkhuku zimalumikizidwa mu nthano ndi wamalonda m'modzi wachinyengo. Adalemetsa osagwa mwamanyazi kotero kuti adakwiya ndikupempha kwa Mulungu. Mulungu adakwiya, natenga milingo iwiri, pomwe wamalondayo sanayeze ufa, ndikufinya nawo. "Nthawi zonse udzanyamula maumboni amanyazi ako," adamaliza Allah. Pakati pamiyeso ya wamalonda, mutu wake ndi miyendo yokha ndizotsalira, ndipo adasandulika turbo. Tiyenera kuganiza kuti nthano ngati imeneyi inathandizira pang'ono kuti anthu asamale kwambiri. Komanso, akambuku ambiri amafa chifukwa cha miyendo ya nyama za artiodactyl ndi mbalame zodyedwa.